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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Identification</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Identification-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bronze_Age" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bronze_Age"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Bronze Age</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bronze_Age-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iron_Age" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iron_Age"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Iron Age</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iron_Age-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-In_the_Hebrew_Bible" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_the_Hebrew_Bible"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>In the Hebrew Bible</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_the_Hebrew_Bible-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hellenistic_and_Roman_periods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hellenistic_and_Roman_periods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Hellenistic and Roman periods</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hellenistic_and_Roman_periods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Byzantine_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Byzantine_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Byzantine period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Byzantine_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_Muslim_and_Crusader_periods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_Muslim_and_Crusader_periods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Early Muslim and Crusader periods</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_Muslim_and_Crusader_periods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Archaeology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archaeology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Archaeology</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Archaeology-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Archaeology subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Archaeology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Overview" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Overview"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Overview</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Overview-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History_of_excavations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History_of_excavations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>History of excavations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History_of_excavations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Finkelstein_excavations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Finkelstein_excavations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Finkelstein excavations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Finkelstein_excavations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bronze_Age_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bronze_Age_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.1</span> <span>Bronze Age</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bronze_Age_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iron_Age_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iron_Age_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.2</span> <span>Iron Age</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iron_Age_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultic_site" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultic_site"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.3</span> <span>Cultic site</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cultic_site-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Roman_and_Byzantine_periods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roman_and_Byzantine_periods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.4</span> <span>Roman and Byzantine periods</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roman_and_Byzantine_periods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Byzantine_churches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Byzantine_churches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Byzantine churches</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Byzantine_churches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ambiguous_use_of_"Shiloh"_in_Hebrew_Bible" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ambiguous_use_of_"Shiloh"_in_Hebrew_Bible"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Ambiguous use of "Shiloh" in Hebrew Bible</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ambiguous_use_of_"Shiloh"_in_Hebrew_Bible-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Ambiguous use of "Shiloh" in Hebrew Bible subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ambiguous_use_of_"Shiloh"_in_Hebrew_Bible-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Messianic_Jewish_and_some_Christian_interpretations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Messianic_Jewish_and_some_Christian_interpretations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Messianic Jewish and some Christian interpretations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Messianic_Jewish_and_some_Christian_interpretations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Shiloh (biblical city)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 30 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%88%D9%87_(%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A9)" title="شيلوه (مدينة توراتية) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شيلوه (مدينة توراتية)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0%C3%ADlo" title="Šílo – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Šílo" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shilo" title="Shilo – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Shilo" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silo_(biblischer_Ort)" title="Silo (biblischer Ort) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Silo (biblischer Ort)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B7%CE%BB%CF%8E" title="Σηλώ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σηλώ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silo_(ciudad_b%C3%ADblica)" title="Silo (ciudad bíblica) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Silo (ciudad bíblica)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silo_(Kanaan)" title="Silo (Kanaan) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Silo (Kanaan)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%88_(%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%B3)" title="شیلو (شهر کتاب مقدس) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شیلو (شهر کتاب مقدس)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silo_(Canaan)" title="Silo (Canaan) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Silo (Canaan)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%A4%EB%A1%9C" title="실로 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="실로" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silo,_Kanaan" title="Silo, Kanaan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Silo, Kanaan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silo_(citt%C3%A0)" title="Silo (città) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Silo (città)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%94_(%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%91_%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%99)" title="שילה (יישוב מקראי) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שילה (יישוב מקראי)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shilo" title="Shilo – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Shilo" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sil%C3%B3_(telep%C3%BCl%C3%A9s)" title="Siló (település) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Siló (település)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%88%D9%87" title="شيلوه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="شيلوه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silo_(Bijbelse_plaats)" title="Silo (Bijbelse plaats) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Silo (Bijbelse plaats)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%AD_(%E6%97%A7%E7%B4%84%E8%81%96%E6%9B%B8)" title="シロ (旧約聖書) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="シロ (旧約聖書)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjilo" title="Sjilo – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sjilo" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szilo" title="Szilo – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Szilo" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sil%C3%B3_(cidade_b%C3%ADblica)" title="Siló (cidade bíblica) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Siló (cidade bíblica)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Силом – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Силом" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiloh_(biblical_city)" title="Shiloh (biblical city) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Shiloh (biblical city)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silo_(muinainen_kaupunki)" title="Silo (muinainen kaupunki) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Silo (muinainen kaupunki)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shilo" title="Shilo – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Shilo" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Шіло – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Шіло" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%88%DB%81_(%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%A8%D9%84_%DA%A9%D8%A7_%D8%B4%DB%81%D8%B1)" title="شیلوہ (بائبل کا شہر) – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="شیلوہ (بائبل کا شہر)" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiloh_(th%C3%A0nh_ph%E1%BB%91_trong_Kinh_Th%C3%A1nh)" title="Shiloh (thành phố trong Kinh Thánh) – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Shiloh (thành phố trong Kinh Thánh)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%94" title="שילה – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="שילה" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%BA%E7%BD%97" title="示罗 – Chinese" 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.mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Shiloh_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Shiloh (disambiguation)">Shiloh (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Shiloh</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ancient_Shiloh_IMG_2924.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Ancient_Shiloh_IMG_2924.JPG/220px-Ancient_Shiloh_IMG_2924.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Ancient_Shiloh_IMG_2924.JPG/330px-Ancient_Shiloh_IMG_2924.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Ancient_Shiloh_IMG_2924.JPG/440px-Ancient_Shiloh_IMG_2924.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:220px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:220px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:220px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:West_Bank_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Shiloh (biblical city) is located in the West Bank"><img alt="Shiloh (biblical city) is located in the West Bank" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/West_Bank_location_map.svg/220px-West_Bank_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/West_Bank_location_map.svg/330px-West_Bank_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/West_Bank_location_map.svg/440px-West_Bank_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="639" data-file-height="736" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:35.98%;left:71.88%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Shiloh (biblical city)"><img alt="Shiloh (biblical city)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/8px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/12px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/16px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Shown within the West Bank</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Shilo,_Mateh_Binyamin" class="mw-redirect" title="Shilo, Mateh Binyamin">Shilo</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Bank" title="West Bank">West Bank</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Region</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Ramallah_and_al-Bireh_Governorate" title="Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate">Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Shiloh_(biblical_city)&params=32.055556_N_35.289528_E_type:landmark"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">32°03′20″N</span> <span class="longitude">35°17′22″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">32.055556°N 35.289528°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">32.055556; 35.289528</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #eee;">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Periods</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bronze_Age" title="Bronze Age">Bronze Age</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iron_Age" title="Iron Age">Iron Age</a>, <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine period</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cultures</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Canaan" title="Canaan">Canaanite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Israelite" class="mw-redirect" title="Israelite">Israelite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #eee;">Site notes</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Condition</th><td class="infobox-data">Ruins</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Public access</th><td class="infobox-data">Yes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.a-shiloh.co.il/en">www<wbr />.a-shiloh<wbr />.co<wbr />.il<wbr />/en</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Shiloh</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/ʃ/: 'sh' in 'shy'">ʃ</span><span title="/aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide'">aɪ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span></span>/</a></span></span>; <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">שִׁלֹה, שִׁלוֹ ,שִׁילֹה, שִׁילוֹ</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Hebrew" title="Romanization of Hebrew">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Hebrew-language romanization"><i lang="he-Latn">Šīlō</i></span>) was an ancient city and sanctuary in <a href="/wiki/History_of_ancient_Israel_and_Judah" title="History of ancient Israel and Judah">ancient Israel</a> located in the <a href="/wiki/West_Bank" title="West Bank">West Bank</a>, <a href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine">Palestine</a>. According to the <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Bible" title="Hebrew Bible">Hebrew Bible</a>, Shiloh was one of the main centers of Israelite worship during the pre-monarchic period, before the <a href="/wiki/Solomon%27s_Temple" title="Solomon's Temple">First Temple</a> in <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> was built. After the Israelite conquest of <a href="/wiki/Canaan" title="Canaan">Canaan</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Tabernacle" title="Tabernacle">Tabernacle</a> was moved to Shiloh, and remained there during the period of the <a href="/wiki/Biblical_judges" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblical judges">biblical judges</a>. </p><p>Shiloh has been positively identified with modern <b>Khirbet Seilun</b>, a <a href="/wiki/Tell_(archaeology)" title="Tell (archaeology)">tell</a> known in <a href="/wiki/Modern_Hebrew" title="Modern Hebrew">Modern Hebrew</a> as <b>Tel Shiloh</b>. It is located 31 kilometres (19 mi) north of Jerusalem, in the <a href="/wiki/West_Bank" title="West Bank">West Bank</a>, to the west of the modern <a href="/wiki/Israeli_settlement" title="Israeli settlement">Israeli settlement</a> town of <a href="/wiki/Shilo_(Israeli_settlement)" title="Shilo (Israeli settlement)">Shilo</a> and to the north of the Palestinian town of <a href="/wiki/Turmus_Ayya" title="Turmus Ayya">Turmus Ayya</a>. Relative to other archaeological sites, it is south of the biblical town of <a href="/wiki/Lebonah" title="Lebonah">Lebonah</a> and 16 kilometres (10 mi) north of <a href="/wiki/Bethel" title="Bethel">Bethel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ronen_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ronen-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> G. F. Moore has suggested identifying <a href="/wiki/Bochim" title="Bochim">Bochim</a> as Shiloh.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiloh_(biblical_city)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The meaning of the word "Shiloh" is unclear. Sometimes, it is translated as a Messianic title, which means <i>He Whose It Is</i><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or as <i>Pacific, Pacificator</i> or <i>Tranquility</i> and refers to the <a href="/wiki/Samaritan_Pentateuch" title="Samaritan Pentateuch">Samaritan Pentateuch</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Regardless, the name of Shiloh the town is derived from <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1241449095">.mw-parser-output .script-hebrew,.mw-parser-output .script-Hebr{font-family:"Ezra SIL SR","Ezra SIL","SBL Hebrew","Taamey Frank CLM","SBL BibLit","Taamey Ashkenaz","Frank Ruehl CLM","Keter Aram Tsova","Taamey David CLM","Keter YG","Shofar","David CLM","Hadasim CLM","Simple CLM","Nachlieli",Cardo,Alef,"Noto Serif Hebrew","Noto Sans Hebrew","David Libre",David,"Times New Roman",Gisha,Arial,FreeSerif,FreeSans}</style><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">שלה</span>‎ and may be translated as <i>Tranquility Town</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Identification">Identification</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiloh_(biblical_city)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Identification"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Shiloh is situated just east of the <a href="/wiki/Highway_60_(Israel%E2%80%93Palestine)" title="Highway 60 (Israel–Palestine)">Jerusalem–Nablus road</a>, 31 km north of Jerusalem.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was identified unambiguously with Khirbet Seilun, based on the much detailed biblical description of the site: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>So they said, "Look, the yearly festival of <a href="/wiki/Yahweh" title="Yahweh">Yahweh</a> is taking place at Shiloh, which is north of <a href="/wiki/Bethel" title="Bethel">Bethel</a>, on the east of <a href="/wiki/Way_of_the_Patriarchs" title="Way of the Patriarchs">the highway</a> that goes up from Bethel to <a href="/wiki/Shechem" title="Shechem">Shechem</a>, and south of <a href="/wiki/Lebonah" title="Lebonah">Lebonah</a>."</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Judges" title="Book of Judges">Book of Judges</a>, 21:19</cite></div></blockquote> <p>The Arabic name, Khirbet Seilun, preserves the ancient Hebrew name. </p><p>In the 4th century CE, <a href="/wiki/Eusebius" title="Eusebius">Eusebius</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jerome" title="Jerome">Jerome</a> demonstrated some awareness of Shiloh's location<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as did the cartographer of the <a href="/wiki/Madaba_Map" title="Madaba Map">Madaba Map</a> in the 6th century.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1838, the American biblical scholar <a href="/wiki/Edward_Robinson_(scholar)" title="Edward Robinson (scholar)">Edward Robinson</a> became the first modern person to correctly identify Khirbet Seilun as Shiloh based on the biblical description of its location.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other evidence supporting the connection includes similarities between the names themselves; such a theory was put forth by A.T. Richardson.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiloh_(biblical_city)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bronze_Age">Bronze Age</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiloh_(biblical_city)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Bronze Age"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Bronze_Age" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle Bronze Age">Middle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Late_Bronze_Age" class="mw-redirect" title="Late Bronze Age">Late Bronze Age</a> <a href="/wiki/Canaan" title="Canaan">Canaan</a>, Shiloh was a walled city with a religious shrine or sanctuary.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iron_Age">Iron Age</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiloh_(biblical_city)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Iron Age"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Shiloh was one of the main centers of Israelite worship during the pre-monarchic period.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="In_the_Hebrew_Bible">In the Hebrew Bible</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiloh_(biblical_city)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: In the Hebrew Bible"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Shiloh is mentioned in the Books of <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Genesis" title="Book of Genesis"> Genesis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Joshua" title="Book of Joshua">Joshua</a>, <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Judges" title="Book of Judges">Judges</a>, <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Samuel" class="mw-redirect" title="Book of Samuel">1 Samuel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Books_of_Kings" title="Books of Kings">1 Kings</a>, <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Psalms" class="mw-redirect" title="Book of Psalms">Psalms</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Jeremiah" title="Book of Jeremiah">Jeremiah</a>. </p><p>Shiloh was first mentioned in the Hebrew Bible in the Book of Genesis, verse 49:10, "<i>The scepter shall not depart from Judah, nor the ruler's staff from between his feet, until Shiloh comes; And to him shall be the obedience of the peoples</i>." In the Book of Joshua, when the Israelites arrived in the land, they set up there the <a href="/wiki/Tabernacle" title="Tabernacle">Tent of Meeting</a> (Hebrew: <i>Ohel-Mo'ed</i>). There Joshua and <a href="/wiki/Eleazar" title="Eleazar">Eleazar</a> divided the land among the <a href="/wiki/Tribes_of_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="Tribes of Israel">tribes</a> who had not yet received their allocation (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Joshua+18:1–10&version=nkjv">Joshua 18:1–10</a>) and dealt with the allocation of <a href="/wiki/Levitical_city" title="Levitical city">cities</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Levites" class="mw-redirect" title="Levites">Levites</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Joshua+21:1–8&version=nkjv">Joshua 21:1–8</a>). Subsequently, Shiloh became one of the leading religious shrines in ancient Israel, a status it held until shortly before <a href="/wiki/David" title="David">David</a>'s elevation of <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The whole congregation of Israel assembled together at Shiloh and set up the tent (or tabernacle) of the congregation there. </p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Joshua" title="Book of Joshua">Joshua 18:1</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>The tabernacle had been built under <a href="/wiki/Moses" title="Moses">Moses</a>' direction from God (<a href="/wiki/Book_of_Exodus" title="Book of Exodus">Exodus 26</a>) to house the <a href="/wiki/Ark_of_the_Covenant" title="Ark of the Covenant">Ark of the Covenant</a>, also made according to Moses' instructions from God (<a href="/wiki/Book_of_Exodus" title="Book of Exodus">Exodus 25</a>). <a href="/wiki/Talmud" title="Talmud">Talmudic</a> sources state that the <a href="/wiki/Tabernacle" title="Tabernacle">tent sanctuary</a> remained at Shiloh for 369 years <sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> until the Ark of the Covenant was taken into the battle camp at <a href="/wiki/Eben-Ezer" title="Eben-Ezer">Eben-Ezer</a> (<a href="/wiki/Books_of_Samuel" title="Books of Samuel">1 Samuel 4:3–5</a>) and captured by the <a href="/wiki/Philistines" title="Philistines">Philistines</a> at <a href="/wiki/Aphek_(biblical)" title="Aphek (biblical)">Aphek</a> (probably <a href="/wiki/Antipatris" title="Antipatris">Antipatris</a>). At some point during its long stay at Shiloh, the portable tent seems to have been enclosed within a compound—a Greek "<a href="/wiki/Temenos" title="Temenos">temenos</a>". It was at Shiloh that <a href="/wiki/Eli_(biblical_figure)" title="Eli (biblical figure)">Eli</a> and <a href="/wiki/Samuel" title="Samuel">Samuel</a> ministered (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Samuel+3:21&version=nkjv">1 Samuel 3:21</a>). At some point, the Tent of Meeting was moved to <a href="/wiki/Gibeon_(ancient_city)" title="Gibeon (ancient city)">Gibeon</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which became an Israelite holy site under David and <a href="/wiki/Solomon" title="Solomon">Solomon</a>. </p><p>The people made <a href="/wiki/Pilgrimage" title="Pilgrimage">pilgrimages</a> there for major feasts and sacrifices, and Judges 21 records the place as the site of an annual dance of maidens among the <a href="/wiki/Vineyard" title="Vineyard">vineyards</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Location_and_remains_of_the_Tabernacle_IMG_2982.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Location_and_remains_of_the_Tabernacle_IMG_2982.JPG/220px-Location_and_remains_of_the_Tabernacle_IMG_2982.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Location_and_remains_of_the_Tabernacle_IMG_2982.JPG/330px-Location_and_remains_of_the_Tabernacle_IMG_2982.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Location_and_remains_of_the_Tabernacle_IMG_2982.JPG/440px-Location_and_remains_of_the_Tabernacle_IMG_2982.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Presumed location of the Tabernacle at Shiloh</figcaption></figure> <p>According to <a href="/wiki/1_Samuel_1" title="1 Samuel 1">1 Samuel 1</a>–<a href="/wiki/1_Samuel_3" title="1 Samuel 3">3</a>, the sanctuary at Shiloh was administered by the <a href="/wiki/Aaronite" class="mw-redirect" title="Aaronite">Aaronite</a> high priest <a href="/wiki/Eli_(Judges)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eli (Judges)">Eli</a> and his two sons, <a href="/wiki/Hophni_and_Phinehas" title="Hophni and Phinehas">Hophni and Phinehas</a>. According to this account, the young <a href="/wiki/Samuel_(Bible)" class="mw-redirect" title="Samuel (Bible)">Samuel</a> was dedicated by his mother <a href="/wiki/Hannah_(biblical_figure)" title="Hannah (biblical figure)">Hannah</a> there, to be raised at the shrine by the high priest, and his own prophetic ministry is presented as having begun there. Hophni and Phinehas are noted as malicious in their dealings with those who came to the shrine to offer <a href="/wiki/Korban" title="Korban">sacrifices</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Samuel+2:12–17&version=nkjv">1 Samuel 2:12–17</a>). It was under Eli and his sons that the Ark was lost to Israel in a battle with the Philistines at <a href="/wiki/Aphek_(biblical)" title="Aphek (biblical)">Aphek</a>. <a href="/wiki/W.F._Albright" class="mw-redirect" title="W.F. Albright">W.F. Albright</a> hypothesized that the Philistines also destroyed Shiloh at this time; this conclusion is disputed,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but supported by traditional commentary.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The place may have been destroyed later as well, though the biblical text records no such claimed destruction. Certainly, the shadowy figure of <a href="/wiki/Ahijah_the_Shilonite" title="Ahijah the Shilonite">Ahijah the Shilonite</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who instigated the revolt of <a href="/wiki/Jeroboam_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeroboam I">Jeroboam I</a> against David's grandson <a href="/wiki/Rehoboam" title="Rehoboam">Rehoboam</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=I+Kings+11,+14&version=NRSV">I Kings 11, 14</a>), came from there, and he bore the same name as the Aaronite priest that consulted the Ark for Saul in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=1%20Samuel%2014:3&version=nrsv">1 Samuel 14:3</a>. Schley has claimed that the capture of the Ark and the death of Saul occurred in the same battle and that the later Davidic editors redacted the texts to make it appear as if Saul had ruled without either Tent Shrine or Ark, and thus without sacral legitimacy.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This claim is disputed.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>What is certain is that during the prophetic ministry of <a href="/wiki/Jeremiah" title="Jeremiah">Jeremiah</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jeremiah+7:12–15;+26:5–9,+41:5&version=NRSV">Jeremiah 7:12–15; 26:5–9, 41:5</a>) over three hundred years later, Shiloh had been reduced to ruins. Jeremiah used the example of Shiloh to warn the inhabitants of Judah and Jerusalem what God would do to the "place where I caused my name to dwell", warning them that their holy city, Jerusalem, like Shiloh, could fall under divine judgment. </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/Richard_Elliott_Friedman" title="Richard Elliott Friedman">Richard Elliott Friedman</a>, the priesthood of Shiloh was the <a href="/wiki/Elohist" title="Elohist">Elohist</a>-source of the <a href="/wiki/Documentary_hypothesis" title="Documentary hypothesis">documentary hypothesis</a> and also provided much of the material of the <a href="/wiki/Deuteronomistic_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Deuteronomistic history">Deuteronomistic history</a>, with the writer of this history (Jeremiah or somebody closely connected to him) being a descendant of these priests. If correct, this would make Shiloh a major source of the history part of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hellenistic_and_Roman_periods">Hellenistic and Roman periods</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiloh_(biblical_city)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Hellenistic and Roman periods"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to historical records, the area's population was diverse on the eve of the <a href="/wiki/Maccabean_Revolt" title="Maccabean Revolt">Maccabean revolt</a>. During the revolt, there were clashes between the numerous ethnic groups nearby. Several accounts suggest the presence of <a href="/wiki/Edom" title="Edom">Edomites</a> in the region; <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jewish</a> communities are also implied. Like in western Samaria, it's possible that <a href="/wiki/Seleucid_Empire" title="Seleucid Empire">Seleucid</a> veterans settled here as well. Archeological evidence indicates that Shiloh, then a gentile settlement, was violently destroyed in the mid 2nd century BCE. It was suggested that this destruction might be connected to the conquests of <a href="/wiki/Hasmonean_dynasty" title="Hasmonean dynasty">Hasmonean</a> leaders <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Apphus" title="Jonathan Apphus">Jonathan Apphus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Simon_Thassi" title="Simon Thassi">Simon Thassi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Byzantine_period">Byzantine period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiloh_(biblical_city)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Byzantine period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shilo,_Palestine_(13056127775).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Shilo%2C_Palestine_%2813056127775%29.jpg/250px-Shilo%2C_Palestine_%2813056127775%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Shilo%2C_Palestine_%2813056127775%29.jpg/375px-Shilo%2C_Palestine_%2813056127775%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Shilo%2C_Palestine_%2813056127775%29.jpg/500px-Shilo%2C_Palestine_%2813056127775%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>The Byzantine Basilica, with excavations to the right.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Jerome" title="Jerome">Jerome</a>, in his letter to <a href="/wiki/Paula_of_Rome" title="Paula of Rome">Paula</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eustochium" title="Eustochium">Eustochium</a>, dated about 392–393, writes: "With Christ at our side we shall pass through Shiloh and Bethel " (Ep.46,13, PL 22, 492). The official church of Jerusalem did not schedule an annual pilgrimage to Shiloh, unlike Bethel. On the contrary, Samuel's feast was held on August 20 in the village of Masephta (<a href="/wiki/Mizpah_in_Benjamin" title="Mizpah in Benjamin">Mizpah</a>). Even the pilgrims seemingly did not visit Shiloh, for the only one that mentions its name—the sixth-century pilgrim Theodosius in <i><a href="/wiki/De_Situ_Terrae_Sanctae" class="mw-redirect" title="De Situ Terrae Sanctae">De Situ Terrae Sanctae</a></i> (ch. 4, CCSL 175, 116)—wrongly locates it midway between Jerusalem and <a href="/wiki/Emmaus_Nicopolis" class="mw-redirect" title="Emmaus Nicopolis">Emmaus Nicopolis</a>. The mistaken identification lasted for centuries, as appears, for example, on the Florentine map of 1300, which places Shiloh at <a href="/wiki/Nabi_Samwil" title="Nabi Samwil">Nabi Samwil</a>, where the <a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Samuel" title="Tomb of Samuel">Tomb of Samuel</a> is found. The sixth-century mosaic <a href="/wiki/Madaba_Map" title="Madaba Map">Madaba Map</a> wrongly locates Shiloh east of <a href="/wiki/Shechem" title="Shechem">Shechem</a>, omitting the depiction of the church. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_Muslim_and_Crusader_periods">Early Muslim and Crusader periods</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiloh_(biblical_city)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Early Muslim and Crusader periods"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 638 the <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslims</a> conquered the area of <a href="/wiki/Palestine_(region)#Middle_Ages" title="Palestine (region)">Palestine</a>. Muslim pilgrims to Shiloh mention a mosque called es-Sekineh where the memory of Jacob's and Joseph's deeds was revered. The earliest source is el-Harawi, who visited the country in 1173 when it was occupied by the <a href="/wiki/Crusaders" class="mw-redirect" title="Crusaders">Crusaders</a> and wrote: "Seilun is the village of the mosque es-Sekineh where the stone of the Table is found". Yaqut (1225) and el-Quarwini (1308, Marmardji, 94–95), write similarly. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Archaeology">Archaeology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiloh_(biblical_city)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Archaeology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Shilo_(Israeli_settlement)#Tel_Shilo" title="Shilo (Israeli settlement)">Shilo (Israeli settlement) § Tel Shilo</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Overview">Overview</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiloh_(biblical_city)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Archaeological excavations have shown that the place was already settled from about 1750 BCE (Middle Bronze II or MB II, otherwise known as MB IIB according to the Albright school); however, it is not mentioned in any pre-biblical source. A tell and many impressive remains have been unearthed from the <a href="/wiki/Canaan" title="Canaan">Canaanite</a> and <a href="/wiki/Israelite" class="mw-redirect" title="Israelite">Israelite</a> eras, with habitation lasting until the 8th century BCE. During the following 12 centuries Shiloh is solely noted as a station on sojourners' routes, usually having only its religious-historical significance to offer. Archaeological excavations have revealed remains from the Roman and Persian as well as Early and Late Muslim periods. </p><p> An impressive <a href="/wiki/Glacis" title="Glacis">glacis</a> has been located and pottery, animal remains, weapons and other objects have been recovered.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute#Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute"><span title="The material near this tag is possibly inaccurate or nonfactual. (June 2016)">dubious</span></a> – <a href="/wiki/Talk:Shiloh_(biblical_city)#this_last_sentence_MAKES_NO_SENSE_here_if_not_connected_to_a_historical_period!_The_glacis:_is_it_the_one_mentioned_below,_from_Middle_Bronze_III?_What_about_the_pottery,_animal_bones,_weapons?" title="Talk:Shiloh (biblical city)">discuss</a></i>]</sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tel_Shiloh_(biblical_site)_2017.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Tel_Shiloh_%28biblical_site%29_2017.jpg/220px-Tel_Shiloh_%28biblical_site%29_2017.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Tel_Shiloh_%28biblical_site%29_2017.jpg/330px-Tel_Shiloh_%28biblical_site%29_2017.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Tel_Shiloh_%28biblical_site%29_2017.jpg/440px-Tel_Shiloh_%28biblical_site%29_2017.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3769" data-file-height="2525" /></a><figcaption>Tel Shiloh visible in the foreground</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History_of_excavations">History of excavations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiloh_(biblical_city)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: History of excavations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Soundings were first made in 1922 by Aage Schmidt. A Danish team led by Hans Kjær (overseen by W.F. Albright) excavated for three seasons between the years 1926–32. A probe was done by Sven Holm-Nielson and Marie-Louise Buhl in 1963. An extensive excavation was done by <a href="/wiki/Israel_Finkelstein" title="Israel Finkelstein">Israel Finkelstein</a> during the years 1981–84. Since 2006 further excavations have taken place there. Digs are currently run by Scott Stripling.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Finkelstein_excavations">Finkelstein excavations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiloh_(biblical_city)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Finkelstein excavations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Finkelstein's work established eight strata, ranging from Middle Bronze II to the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine</a> period. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ancient_Shiloh_IMG_2874.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Ancient_Shiloh_IMG_2874.JPG/220px-Ancient_Shiloh_IMG_2874.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Ancient_Shiloh_IMG_2874.JPG/330px-Ancient_Shiloh_IMG_2874.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Ancient_Shiloh_IMG_2874.JPG/440px-Ancient_Shiloh_IMG_2874.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Map of the present-day archaeological site</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bronze_Age_2">Bronze Age</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiloh_(biblical_city)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Bronze Age"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A massive wall is attributed to the Middle Bronze III (MB IIC) stage, preserved at a height of 7.3 metres (24 ft) and width up to 5.5 metres (18 ft), with an extensive <a href="/wiki/Glacis" title="Glacis">glacis</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Iron_Age_2">Iron Age</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiloh_(biblical_city)&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Iron Age"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Iron_Age" title="Iron Age">Iron</a> I (Israelite) remains yielded a pillared two-storey public building near the top of the tell, the earliest attributed to Israelites. Collared rim storage jars and some cultic items were found in these buildings, pointing to usage as part of a cultic complex. More than 20 silos were uncovered from this era, included one with carbonized wheat. The <a href="/wiki/Destruction_layer" title="Destruction layer">destruction layer</a> evident throughout the tell may have occurred in the wake of the Philistine victory at <a href="/wiki/Eben-Ezer" title="Eben-Ezer">Eben-Ezer</a>. </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/Radiocarbon_dating" title="Radiocarbon dating">radiocarbon dating</a> by Finkelstein, the site was abandoned <a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%94_(%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%99%D7%AA)#cite_note-2" class="extiw" title="he:שילה (עיר מקראית)">around 1050 BCE</a>, and then sparsely repopulated during the Iron II period. <a href="/wiki/Jeremiah" title="Jeremiah">Jeremiah</a>'s admonition in the course of his temple <a href="/wiki/Sermon" title="Sermon">sermon</a>, "Go now to my place that was in Shiloh" (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Jeremiah%207:12&version=nrsv">Jeremiah 7:12</a>), would have occurred during this era. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cultic_site">Cultic site</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiloh_(biblical_city)&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Cultic site"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>One of the more intriguing finds was that of a heap of pottery outside the city wall before the advent of the Israelite culture (c. 1000 BCE).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> This pile of pottery was the remnant of a number of animal sacrifices, which were tossed over the wall after completion of the ritual and then buried. This find points to a sacral status of Shiloh during the Canaanite period, a status adopted by the Israelites. The top of the tell, where Finkelstein supposes that the tabernacle would have been placed, is now exposed bedrock, offering no clues concerning Israelite worship (aside from the adjacent storage complex). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Roman_and_Byzantine_periods">Roman and Byzantine periods</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiloh_(biblical_city)&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Roman and Byzantine periods"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>More substantive villages emerged in the Roman and Byzantine periods. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:By_Ovedc_Elef-Milim_in_Tel_Shilo_38.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/By_Ovedc_Elef-Milim_in_Tel_Shilo_38.jpg/250px-By_Ovedc_Elef-Milim_in_Tel_Shilo_38.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/By_Ovedc_Elef-Milim_in_Tel_Shilo_38.jpg/375px-By_Ovedc_Elef-Milim_in_Tel_Shilo_38.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/By_Ovedc_Elef-Milim_in_Tel_Shilo_38.jpg/500px-By_Ovedc_Elef-Milim_in_Tel_Shilo_38.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5312" data-file-height="2988" /></a><figcaption>Mosaics under the Jami' al-Yatim</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Byzantine_churches">Byzantine churches</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiloh_(biblical_city)&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Byzantine churches"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Excavations from 2006 to 2007, carried out adjacent to and just south of Tel Shiloh, exposed elaborate mosaic floors as well as several Greek inscriptions, one explicitly referring to the site as the "village of Shiloh".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> During August–September 2006 archaeological excavations were carried out adjacent to the tell of Shiloh. A team led by the Archaeological Staff Officer for <a href="/wiki/Judea_and_Samaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Judea and Samaria">Judea and Samaria</a> in <a href="/wiki/Israel_Antiquities_Authority" title="Israel Antiquities Authority">Israel's Civilian Administration Antiquities Unit</a>, performing a clean-up operation at Shiloh this summer, a belated continuation to a previous 1998 dig, discovered the <a href="/wiki/Mosaic" title="Mosaic">mosaic</a> floor of a large Byzantine church which was probably constructed between 380 and 420 <a href="/wiki/AD" class="mw-redirect" title="AD">AD</a>. </p><p>Three Byzantine <a href="/wiki/Basilica" title="Basilica">basilicas</a> have now been uncovered.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The length of one, excavated by Hans Klær in the late 1920s, is 40 metres (130 ft). The width, also measured externally, is 14.10 metres (46.3 ft), but a 6.40-metre (21.0 ft) wide room adjoins the building on the south side. This church had three naves, and 12 bases and two beautiful <a href="/wiki/Corinthian_order" title="Corinthian order">Corinthian</a> capitals 62 cm (24 in) high and 72–61 cm (28–24 in) wide are preserved. Their appearance recalls the well-known fourth-century style, with separate leaves revealing the ribbing of the back leaves, and a smooth leaf under the corner. </p><p>A structure discovered in 2006 lies under a Muslim free-standing structure known as <a href="/wiki/Mazar_(mausoleum)" title="Mazar (mausoleum)">Weli</a> Yetaim. It seems to have suffered problems of water drainage in its western section despite the installation of run-off pipes and troughs. It appears that the solution was to raise the level of the church<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute#Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute"><span title="The material near this tag is possibly inaccurate or nonfactual. (June 2016)">dubious</span></a> – <a href="/wiki/Talk:Shiloh_(biblical_city)#Church_all_of_a_sudden?_So_far_only_a_"weli"_was_mentioned!_What_church?_Date?" title="Talk:Shiloh (biblical city)">discuss</a></i>]</sup> and the laying of a new mosaic floor. It was the older, original floor at the lower level that was revealed during the summer of 2006. The <a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%94_(%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%99%D7%AA)#cite_note-2" class="extiw" title="he:שילה (עיר מקראית)">mosaic contains geometric designs</a>, a cross, flora representations and three inscriptions, one, a dedication of a bench, the second, a salute to the residents of "Siloun" (as set in mosaic in Greek script: "CIλOYN") and the third, a general wish for good tidings. Another discovery of an addition to one of the basilicas occurred in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ambiguous_use_of_"Shiloh"_in_Hebrew_Bible"><span id="Ambiguous_use_of_.22Shiloh.22_in_Hebrew_Bible"></span>Ambiguous use of "Shiloh" in Hebrew Bible</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiloh_(biblical_city)&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Ambiguous use of "Shiloh" in Hebrew Bible"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Shiloh_(biblical_figure)" title="Shiloh (biblical figure)">Shiloh (biblical figure)</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Shiloh_(biblical_figure)" title="Shiloh (biblical figure)">Shiloh</a> is mentioned in the Hebrew Bible in <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Genesis" title="Book of Genesis">Genesis</a> as part of the benediction given by <a href="/wiki/Jacob" title="Jacob">Jacob</a> to his son <a href="/wiki/Judah_(Bible)" class="mw-redirect" title="Judah (Bible)">Judah</a>: "The scepter shall not depart from Judah, nor a lawgiver from between his feet, until Shiloh comes, and unto him shall the gathering of the people be." (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Genesis%2049:10&version=nrsv">Genesis 49:10</a>). It could be a figure, perhaps the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.christiancourier.com/articles/1101-who-is-the-mysterious-shiloh">Messiah</a>, or a place, as mentioned later <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131029204541/http://www.biblestudytools.com/judges/passage.aspx?q=judges+21:19-21">in Judges</a> and also in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mechon-mamre.org/e/et/et1141.htm">Jeremiah 41:5</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Messianic_Jewish_and_some_Christian_interpretations">Messianic Jewish and some Christian interpretations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiloh_(biblical_city)&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Messianic Jewish and some Christian interpretations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Messianic_Judaism" title="Messianic Judaism">Messianic Judaism</a> became attached to Shiloh as a result of this verse. Shiloh is believed to refer to Jesus by some Christians. Alternative translations have led others, including some Christians, to different conclusions.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiloh_(biblical_city)&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eben-Ezer" title="Eben-Ezer">Eben-Ezer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nob,_Israel" title="Nob, Israel">Nob, Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song_of_Moses" title="Song of Moses">Song of Moses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shilo,_Mateh_Binyamin" class="mw-redirect" title="Shilo, Mateh Binyamin">Shilo</a>, modern Israeli settlement in the West Bank.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiloh_(biblical_city)&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The <a href="/wiki/King_James_Version" title="King James Version">King James Version</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_King_James_Version" title="New King James Version">New King James Version</a> use 'tabernacle'; the <a href="/wiki/American_Standard_Version" title="American Standard Version">American Standard Version</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_International_Version" title="New International Version">New International Version</a> use 'tent’.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiloh_(biblical_city)&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Ronen-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ronen_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jidaily.com/oMcn/e">"Shiloh, Israel's Capital for 400 Years, Being Uncovered,"</a> Gil Ronen, July 28, 2010, <i>Jerusalem Post</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gomes, <i>The Sanctuary of Bethel</i>, p. 117.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://e-sword-users.org/users/node/506"><i>BDB Theological Dictionary</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Jones' Dictionary of Old Testament Proper Names</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Theological Dictionary</i> and <i>Jones' Dictionary of Old Testament Proper Names</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLopez,_TimStripling,_ScottBen-Shlomo,_David2019" class="citation journal cs1">Lopez, Tim; Stripling, Scott; Ben-Shlomo, David (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ariel.ac.il/wp/judea-and-samaria-research-studies/2019/07/21/a-ceramic-pomegranate-from-shiloh/">"A Ceramic Pomegranate from Shiloh"</a>. <i>Judea and Samaria Research Studies</i> (28): *37–*56. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.26351%2FJSRS%2F28-1%2F7">10.26351/JSRS/28-1/7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Judea+and+Samaria+Research+Studies&rft.atitle=A+Ceramic+Pomegranate+from+Shiloh&rft.issue=28&rft.pages=%2A37-%2A56&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.26351%2FJSRS%2F28-1%2F7&rft.au=Lopez%2C+Tim&rft.au=Stripling%2C+Scott&rft.au=Ben-Shlomo%2C+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ariel.ac.il%2Fwp%2Fjudea-and-samaria-research-studies%2F2019%2F07%2F21%2Fa-ceramic-pomegranate-from-shiloh%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShiloh+%28biblical+city%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDonner1992" class="citation book cs1">Donner, Herbert (1992). <i>The Mosaic Map of Madaba: an Introductory Guide</i>. Peeters Publishers. p. 47. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-390-0011-5" title="Special:BookSources/90-390-0011-5"><bdi>90-390-0011-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mosaic+Map+of+Madaba%3A+an+Introductory+Guide&rft.pages=47&rft.pub=Peeters+Publishers&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=90-390-0011-5&rft.aulast=Donner&rft.aufirst=Herbert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShiloh+%28biblical+city%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://library.biblicalarchaeology.org/book/the-new-encyclopedia-of-archaeological-excavations-in-the-holy-land/beit-sila-khirbet/">"Beit Sila, Khirbet"</a>. <i>The BAS Library</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-07-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+BAS+Library&rft.atitle=Beit+Sila%2C+Khirbet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flibrary.biblicalarchaeology.org%2Fbook%2Fthe-new-encyclopedia-of-archaeological-excavations-in-the-holy-land%2Fbeit-sila-khirbet%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShiloh+%28biblical+city%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Donald G. Schley, <i>Shiloh: A Biblical City in Tradition and History" Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1989, 2009, pp. 191ff.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/01/15/tel-shiloh-archaeological-dig-pitcher-city-israel-burned_n_2479718.html">Bennett-Smith, Meredith. ‘Tel Shiloh Archaeological Dig Pitcher Suggests Biblical City In Israel Burned To Ground'</a>, <i>Huffington Post</i>, January 15, 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">LaMar C. Berrett, D. Kelly Ogden, <i>Discovering The World of The Bible</i>, page 94 (Grandin Book Company, 1996). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-910523-52-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-910523-52-5">0-910523-52-5</a>. Cf. Also Schley, 1989, 2009, pp. 191ff.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mechon-mamre.org/b/l/l5114.htm">"Zevachim 118B"</a>. Mechon-mamre<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-08-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Zevachim+118B&rft.pub=Mechon-mamre&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mechon-mamre.org%2Fb%2Fl%2Fl5114.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShiloh+%28biblical+city%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">I Chronicles 16:39–40; 21:20; II Chronicles 1:2</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Schley, 1989, 2009, pp. 184–99.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15838/jewish/Chapter-9.htm#v=13&showrashi=true">Rashi on 1 Samuel 9:13</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mechon-mamre.org/e/et/et09a14.htm">"1 Kings 14:6–16"</a>. Mechon-mamre<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-08-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1+Kings+14%3A6%E2%80%9316&rft.pub=Mechon-mamre&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mechon-mamre.org%2Fe%2Fet%2Fet09a14.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShiloh+%28biblical+city%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Schley, 1989, 2009, pp. 191–97.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFלויתן־בן_אריה2021" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">לויתן־בן אריה, רעות (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ariel.ac.il/wp/ihd/2021/05/18/%d7%a9%d7%9b%d7%91%d7%aa-%d7%97%d7%95%d7%a8%d7%91%d7%9f-%d7%9e%d7%94%d7%aa%d7%a7%d7%95%d7%a4%d7%94-%d7%94%d7%94%d7%9c%d7%a0%d7%99%d7%a1%d7%98%d7%99%d7%aa-%d7%91%d7%aa%d7%9c-%d7%a9%d7%99%d7%9c%d7%94/">"שכבת חורבן מהתקופה ההלניסטית בתל שילה"</a> [A Destruction Layer from the Hellenistic Period at Tel Shiloh]. <i>במעבה ההר</i> (in Hebrew). <b>11</b> (1): 53–71.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%D7%91%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%91%D7%94+%D7%94%D7%94%D7%A8&rft.atitle=%D7%A9%D7%9B%D7%91%D7%AA+%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%9F+%D7%9E%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%94+%D7%94%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%99%D7%AA+%D7%91%D7%AA%D7%9C+%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%94&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=53-71&rft.date=2021&rft.aulast=%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%99%D7%AA%D7%9F%D6%BE%D7%91%D7%9F+%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94&rft.aufirst=%D7%A8%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%AA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ariel.ac.il%2Fwp%2Fihd%2F2021%2F05%2F18%2F%25d7%25a9%25d7%259b%25d7%2591%25d7%25aa-%25d7%2597%25d7%2595%25d7%25a8%25d7%2591%25d7%259f-%25d7%259e%25d7%2594%25d7%25aa%25d7%25a7%25d7%2595%25d7%25a4%25d7%2594-%25d7%2594%25d7%2594%25d7%259c%25d7%25a0%25d7%2599%25d7%25a1%25d7%2598%25d7%2599%25d7%25aa-%25d7%2591%25d7%25aa%25d7%259c-%25d7%25a9%25d7%2599%25d7%259c%25d7%2594%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShiloh+%28biblical+city%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlliatade_Luca" class="citation web cs1">Alliata, Eugenio; de Luca, Stefano. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.christusrex.org/www1/ofm/mad/discussion/034discuss.htm">"Mount Ephraim and Benjamin: 34. Selo, where the ark stayed - (Kh. Saylun)"</a>. <i>Christus Rex</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Christus+Rex&rft.atitle=Mount+Ephraim+and+Benjamin%3A+34.+Selo%2C+where+the+ark+stayed+-+%28Kh.+Saylun%29&rft.aulast=Alliata&rft.aufirst=Eugenio&rft.au=de+Luca%2C+Stefano&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.christusrex.org%2Fwww1%2Fofm%2Fmad%2Fdiscussion%2F034discuss.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShiloh+%28biblical+city%29" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged May 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.israelhayom.com/site/newsletter_article.php?id=8751">"Ancient church discovered at site where Ark of the Covenant once stood"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Israel_Hayom" title="Israel Hayom">Israel Hayom</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Israel+Hayom&rft.atitle=Ancient+church+discovered+at+site+where+Ark+of+the+Covenant+once+stood&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.israelhayom.com%2Fsite%2Fnewsletter_article.php%3Fid%3D8751&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShiloh+%28biblical+city%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRipleyDana1879" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Ripley, George; Dana, Charles A., eds. (1879). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Shiloh (ancient)"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_American_Cyclop%C3%A6dia_(1879)/Shiloh_(ancient)">"Shiloh, a town of ancient Palestine" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_American_Cyclop%C3%A6dia" class="mw-redirect" title="The American Cyclopædia">The American Cyclopædia</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Shiloh%2C+a+town+of+ancient+Palestine&rft.btitle=The+American+Cyclop%C3%A6dia&rft.date=1879&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShiloh+%28biblical+city%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiloh_(biblical_city)&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Buhl, Marie-Louise, & Svend Holm-Nielsen, <i>Shiloh--The Danish Excavations at Tall Sailum, Palestine, in 1926, 1929, 1932 AND 1962: The Pre-Hellenistic Remains.</i> Copenhagen: The National Museum of Denmark, 1969.</li> <li>Finkelstein, Israel, et al. <i>Shiloh: The Archaeology of a Biblical Site</i>. Tel Aviv, 1993.</li> <li>Schley, Donald G. <i>Shiloh: A Biblical City in Tradition and History</i>, Sheffield, 1989, 2009. This is the only in-depth study of Shiloh from a textual, historical and archaeological perspective available; provides an exhaustive bibliography going back to 1805, which includes Albright's critical articles and insights.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiloh_(biblical_city)&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 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class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Tel Shilo">Tel Shilo</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.koshertorah.com/PDF/shiloh.pdf">Rabbi Ariel Bar Tzodeck's Insight into Shiloh (a Kabbalist perspective)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=630&letter=S&search=shiloh">Shiloh</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Jewish_Encyclopedia" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish Encyclopedia">Jewish Encyclopedia</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.solomonia.com/blog/archives/009648.shtml">photos of the Mosaic from Tel Shiloh</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pbase.com/yalop/shiloh">photos of the Mosaic from Tel Shiloh "Church of the ark found in the west bank" </a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pbase.com/rdavid/shiloh">Photos of Tel Shiloh</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" 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of the Covenant">Ark of the Covenant</a> topics</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moses" title="Moses">Moses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kohen" title="Kohen">Kohanim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Priest_of_Israel" title="High Priest of Israel">High Priest of Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israelites" title="Israelites">Israelites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levite" title="Levite">Levites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bezalel" title="Bezalel">Bezalel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribe_of_Judah" title="Tribe of Judah">Tribe of Judah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oholiab" title="Oholiab">Oholiab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kehath" title="Kehath">Kehath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribe_of_Levi" title="Tribe of Levi">Tribe of Levi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah" title="Jeremiah">Jeremiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua" title="Joshua">Joshua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel" title="Samuel">Samuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzzah" title="Uzzah">Uzzah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon" title="Solomon">Solomon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menelik_I" title="Menelik I">Menelik I</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lid</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mercy_seat" title="Mercy seat">Mercy seat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherub" title="Cherub">Cherub</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Contents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tablets_of_Stone" title="Tablets of Stone">Tablets of Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ten_Commandments" title="Ten Commandments">Ten Commandments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manna" title="Manna">Manna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron%27s_rod" title="Aaron's rod">Aaron's rod</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Sinai" title="Mount Sinai">Mount Sinai</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Sinai_(bible)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mount Sinai (bible)">Biblical Mount Sinai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Horeb" title="Mount Horeb">Mount Horeb</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jericho" title="Jericho">Jericho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan_River" title="Jordan River">Jordan River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_of_Holies" title="Holy of Holies">Holy of Holies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabernacle" title="Tabernacle">Tabernacle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ai_(Canaan)" title="Ai (Canaan)">Ai</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Shiloh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibeah" title="Gibeah">Gibeah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilgal" title="Gilgal">Gilgal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eben-Ezer" title="Eben-Ezer">Eben-Ezer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philistine_captivity_of_the_Ark" title="Philistine captivity of the Ark">Philistia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beit_Shemesh" title="Beit Shemesh">Beth Shemesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiriath-Jearim" title="Kiriath-Jearim">Kiriath-Jearim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Mount" title="Temple Mount">Temple Mount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dome_of_the_Rock" title="Dome of the Rock">Dome of the Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Well_of_Souls" title="Well of Souls">Well of Souls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chartres_Cathedral" title="Chartres Cathedral">Cathedral of Chartres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tana_Qirqos" title="Tana Qirqos">Tana Qirqos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Our_Lady_Mary_of_Zion" title="Church of Our Lady Mary of Zion">Church of Our Lady Mary of Zion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sign_and_the_Seal" title="The Sign and the Seal">The Sign and the Seal</a></i> (1992 book)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sites_of_the_Israelite_settlement" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sites_of_the_Israelite_Settlement" title="Template:Sites of the Israelite Settlement"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sites_of_the_Israelite_Settlement" title="Template talk:Sites of the Israelite Settlement"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sites_of_the_Israelite_Settlement" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sites of the Israelite Settlement"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sites_of_the_Israelite_settlement" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Archaeological_site" title="Archaeological site">Sites</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Israelite_highland_settlement" title="Israelite highland settlement">Israelite settlement</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Sites involved in the 13th–11th century BCE archaeological phenomenon of the Israelite Settlement</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New settlements at previously unoccupied sites in late 13th/early 12th centuries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bull_Site" title="Bull Site">Bull Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tel_Dor" title="Tel Dor">Tel Dor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eben-Ezer" title="Eben-Ezer">Izbet Sartah</a></li> <li>Tell el-Ful (<a href="/wiki/Gibeah" title="Gibeah">Gibeah</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giloh" title="Giloh">Giloh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heshbon" title="Heshbon">Heshbon</a></li> <li>Khirbet ed-Dawwara</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khirbet_el-Mastarah" title="Khirbet el-Mastarah">Khirbet el-Mastarah</a></li> <li>Khirbet Ghuraba</li> <li>Khirbet Ibn Nasir</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tel_Arad" title="Tel Arad">Tel Arad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tel_Be%27er_Sheva" title="Tel Be'er Sheva">Tel Be'er Sheva</a> (<a href="/wiki/Beersheba" title="Beersheba">Beersheba</a>)</li> <li>Tel Esdar</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaretan" title="Zaretan">Tell es-Sa'idiyeh</a> (<a href="/wiki/Zaretan" title="Zaretan">Zaretan</a>)</li> <li>Tell Radanna</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New settlements at long deserted sites in 12th/11th centuries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bethzur" class="mw-redirect" title="Bethzur">Bethzur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tel_Dan" class="mw-redirect" title="Tel Dan">Tel Dan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Et-Tell" title="Et-Tell">Et-Tell</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ai_(Canaan)" title="Ai (Canaan)">Ai</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibeon_(ancient_city)" title="Gibeon (ancient city)">Gibeon</a></li> <li>Khirbet Marjameh</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Shiloh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinneret_(archaeological_site)" title="Kinneret (archaeological site)">Tel Kinrot</a> (Kinneret)</li> <li>Tel Masos</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_en-Nasbeh" title="Tell en-Nasbeh">Tell en-Nasbeh</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mizpah_in_Benjamin" title="Mizpah in Benjamin">Mizpah</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tel_Rumeida" title="Tel Rumeida">Tel Rumeida</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hebron" title="Hebron">Hebron</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Destroyed in late 13th/early 12th centuries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azekah" title="Azekah">Azekah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asdudu" class="mw-redirect" title="Asdudu">Ashdod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beit_Shemesh" title="Beit Shemesh">Beit Shemesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethel" title="Bethel">Bethel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_Alla" title="Deir Alla">Deir Alla</a> (Succoth)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lachish" class="mw-redirect" title="Lachish">Lachish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabud" title="Rabud">Rabud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_Beit_Mirsim" title="Tell Beit Mirsim">Tell Beit Mirsim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eglon,_Canaan" class="mw-redirect" title="Eglon, Canaan">Tel 'Eton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tel_Hazor" title="Tel Hazor">Tel Hazor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tel_Megiddo" title="Tel Megiddo">Tel Megiddo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Not destroyed in late 13th/early 12th centuries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beth-shan" class="mw-redirect" title="Beth-shan">Beth-shan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gezer" title="Gezer">Gezer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shechem" title="Shechem">Shechem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taanach" class="mw-redirect" title="Taanach">Taanach</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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