CINXE.COM

<!doctype html>   <html lang="en-US" class="no-js">  <head> <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> <link rel="profile" href="http://gmpg.org/xfn/11" /> <link rel="profile" href="http://microformats.org/profile/specs" /> <link rel="profile" href="http://microformats.org/profile/hatom" /> <script>(function(html){html.className = html.className.replace(/\bno-js\b/,'js')})(document.documentElement);</script> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' />  <script data-cfasync="false" data-pagespeed-no-defer> var gtm4wp_datalayer_name = "dataLayer"; var dataLayer = dataLayer || []; </script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wpp-js" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/plugins/wordpress-popular-posts/assets/js/wpp.min.js?ver=7.1.0" data-sampling="1" data-sampling-rate="50" data-api-url="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-json/wordpress-popular-posts" data-post-id="171340" data-token="c75714ddac" data-lang="0" data-debug="0"></script>  <title>Popular - Scope</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/popular/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Popular" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/popular/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Scope" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/stanfordmedicine" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2020-02-04T19:54:31+00:00" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@stanfordmed" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/popular/","url":"https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/popular/","name":"Popular - Scope","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/#website"},"datePublished":"2017-12-19T15:46:01+00:00","dateModified":"2020-02-04T19:54:31+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/popular/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/popular/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/popular/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Popular"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/#website","url":"https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/","name":"Scope","description":"Stanford University School of Medicine blog","publisher":{"@id":"https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/#organization","name":"Stanford University School of Medicine","url":"https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/cropped-scope-logo-10k-600x240.jpg","contentUrl":"https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/cropped-scope-logo-10k-600x240.jpg","width":600,"height":190,"caption":"Stanford University School of Medicine"},"image":{"@id":"https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/stanfordmedicine","https://x.com/stanfordmed","https://instagram.com/stanford.med/","https://www.linkedin.com/edu/stanford-university-school-of-medicine-17929"]}]}</script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//fonts.googleapis.com' /> <link href='https://fonts.gstatic.com' crossorigin rel='preconnect' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Scope » Feed" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Scope » Comments Feed" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/comments/feed/" /> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/scopeblog.stanford.edu\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.6.2"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); /* ]]> */ </script> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.6.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wordpress-popular-posts-css-css' href='https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/plugins/wordpress-popular-posts/assets/css/wpp.css?ver=7.1.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='font-awesome-css' href='https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/themes/tiny-framework/fonts/font-awesome/css/font-awesome.min.css?ver=4.7.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='subscribe-forms-css-css' href='https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/plugins/easy-social-share-buttons3/assets/modules/subscribe-forms.min.css?ver=9.9' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='click2tweet-css-css' href='https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/plugins/easy-social-share-buttons3/assets/modules/click-to-tweet.min.css?ver=9.9' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='easy-social-share-buttons-display-methods-css' href='https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/plugins/easy-social-share-buttons3/assets/css/essb-display-methods.min.css?ver=9.9' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='easy-social-share-buttons-css' href='https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/plugins/easy-social-share-buttons3/assets/css/easy-social-share-buttons.min.css?ver=9.9' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='easy-social-share-buttons-inline-css' type='text/css'> .essb_displayed_sidebar{left:5px!important;}.essb_displayed_sidebar_right{right:5px!important;}body .essb_displayed_postfloat{margin-left:-230px!important;top:-25px!important;}body .essb_displayed_postfloat.essb_postfloat_fixed{top:50px!important;}.essb_links.essb_share .essb_icon{width:24px!important;height:24px!important;}.essb_links.essb_share .essb_icon svg{height:16px!important;}.essb_links.essb_share .essb_network_name{font-size:10px!important;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='parent-style-css' href='https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/themes/tiny-framework/style.css?ver=6.6.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='child-style-css' href='https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/themes/tiny-framework-child/style.css?ver=6.6.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='child-extra-css' href='https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/themes/tiny-framework-child/ui/css/base-styles.min.css?ver=6.6.2' type='text/css' media='all' />  <link rel='stylesheet' id='google-fonts-css' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Fjord+One%7CSource+Sans+Pro%3A400%2C600%2C700&ver=6.6.2' type='text/css' media='all' />  <script type="text/javascript" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/plugins/mc-google-analytics-tracking/mc-ga-tracking.js?ver=6.6.2" id="mc-ga-download-track-js"></script> <script></script><link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/171340" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/?p=171340' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fscopeblog.stanford.edu%2Fpopular%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fscopeblog.stanford.edu%2Fpopular%2F&format=xml" />  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-RQ71FQGDY6"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-RQ71FQGDY6'); </script> <style> .tags_text a.slug{ display:none; } </style>  <script> (function (i, s, o, g, r, a, m) { i['GoogleAnalyticsObject'] = r; i[r] = i[r] || function () { (i[r].q = i[r].q || []).push(arguments) }, i[r].l = 1 * new Date(); a = s.createElement(o), m = s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0]; a.async = 1; a.src = g; m.parentNode.insertBefore(a, m) })(window, document, 'script', '//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js', 'ga'); ga('create', 'UA-8214842-4', 'auto'); /** * Anonymize the IP address * @see https://support.google.com/analytics/answer/2763052?hl=en */ ga('set', 'anonymizeIp', true); ga('send', 'pageview'); </script>    <script data-cfasync="false" data-pagespeed-no-defer type="text/javascript"> var dataLayer_content = {"pageTitle":"Popular - Scope","pagePostType":"page","pagePostType2":"single-page","pagePostDate":"December 19, 2017","pagePostDateYear":2017,"pagePostDateMonth":12,"pagePostDateDay":19,"pagePostDateDayName":"Tuesday","pagePostDateHour":15,"pagePostDateMinute":46,"pagePostDateIso":"2017-12-19T15:46:01-08:00","pagePostDateUnix":1513698361,"pagePostTerms":{"meta":{"views_daily":100,"views_weekly":300,"views_monthly":600}}}; dataLayer.push( dataLayer_content ); </script> <script data-cfasync="false"> (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= '//www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-P3SMJ22'); </script>  <style id="wpp-loading-animation-styles">@-webkit-keyframes bgslide{from{background-position-x:0}to{background-position-x:-200%}}@keyframes bgslide{from{background-position-x:0}to{background-position-x:-200%}}.wpp-widget-block-placeholder,.wpp-shortcode-placeholder{margin:0 auto;width:60px;height:3px;background:#dd3737;background:linear-gradient(90deg,#dd3737 0%,#571313 10%,#dd3737 100%);background-size:200% auto;border-radius:3px;-webkit-animation:bgslide 1s infinite linear;animation:bgslide 1s infinite linear}</style> <meta name="generator" content="Powered by WPBakery Page Builder - drag and drop page builder for WordPress."/> <style type="text/css" id="custom-background-css"> body.custom-background { background-color: #ffffff; } </style> <meta name="publishDate" content="2017-12-19T23:46:01-08:00" /><link rel="icon" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/cropped-stanford-logo-official-1-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/cropped-stanford-logo-official-1-192x192.png" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/cropped-stanford-logo-official-1-180x180.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/cropped-stanford-logo-official-1-270x270.png" /> <style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css"> /* footer */ .site-info { float: none!important; } /* end footer */ img.custom-logo{ max-width:300px; } .post-count-masthead{ font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', sans-serif; color: #8c1515; font-weight: Bold; font-size:16px; display:block; line-height:1.2; } .post-count-masthead .tag-posts{ color: #666666; font-weight: normal; font-size:14px; text-transform: uppercase; display:block; } .copyright-widget { background-color: #333333; } .widget-area .widget_nav_menu ul li { text-transform: none; } #footer-mid>.wp-block-columns { border-top: 1px #f4f4f4 solid; max-width: 1080px; } .entry-content a img:hover { cursor: pointer; } #footer-bottom img { max-width: 8rem; padding: 6px 25px; } :where(.wp-block-columns) { margin-bottom: 0; } .widget-area .widget h3 { margin-bottom: 0; } @media(max-width: 1200px){ body .essb_displayed_postfloat { margin-left: calc(950px - 100vw) !important; } } .essb_links .essb-s-bgh-dark, .essb_links.essb_template_clear-retina li a:focus .essb_icon, .essb_links.essb_template_clear-retina li a:hover .essb_icon, .essb_links.essb_template_grey-round-retina li a:focus, .essb_links.essb_template_grey-round-retina li a:hover { background-color: transparent !important; } .essb_links li a:focus { outline: none !important; } </style> <noscript><style> .wpb_animate_when_almost_visible { opacity: 1; }</style></noscript> </head> <body class="page-template page-template-popular-posts page-template-popular-posts-php page page-id-171340 custom-background wp-custom-logo has-site-logo h-entry hentry h-as-page group-blog header-image-no custom-background-white singular footer-widgets page-popular essb-9.9 wpb-js-composer js-comp-ver-7.9 vc_responsive" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/CollectionPage"> <span class="skiplink"><a class="screen-reader-text" href="#content" title="Skip to content">Skip to content</a></span> <noscript> <div id="no-javascript"> Advanced features of this website require that you enable JavaScript in your browser. Thank you! </div> </noscript> <div id="page" class="site"> <section id="header-top"> <nav id="social-navigation" class="social-navigation" aria-label="Social Links Menu"> <h3 class="screen-reader-text">Social Links Menu</h3> <div id="menu-social" class="menu"><ul id="menu-social-items" class="menu-items"><li id="menu-item-164305" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-164305"><a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/about-scope/"><span class="screen-reader-text">About</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-171364" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-171364"><a href="https://twitter.com/StanfordMed"><span class="screen-reader-text">Twitter</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-171365" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-171365"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/stanfordmedicine"><span class="screen-reader-text">Facebook</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-171367" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-171367"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/edu/stanford-university-school-of-medicine-17929"><span class="screen-reader-text">LinkedIn</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-171366" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-171366"><a href="https://instagram.com/stanford.med/"><span class="screen-reader-text">Instagram</span></a></li> </ul></div> </nav> </section> <header id="masthead" class="site-header" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/WPHeader"> <div class="site-branding" itemprop="publisher" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <section id="sidebar-logo-left" class="widget vc_col-sm-3 vc_column_container"><h2 class="screen-reader-text" aria-hidden="true">Logo Left Content</h2><a href="https://med.stanford.edu" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img width="370" height="100" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/stanford-logo.jpg" class="image wp-image-206741 attachment-full size-full" alt="Stanford Medicine" style="max-width: 100%; height: auto;" decoding="async" /></a></section><a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/" class="custom-logo-link site-logo-link vc_col-sm-6 vc_column_container" rel="home"><img width="582" height="197" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/cropped-scope.png" class="custom-logo attachment-full size-full" alt="Scope logo" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" /></a><section id="sidebar-logo-right" class="widget vc_col-sm-3 vc_column_container"><h2 class="screen-reader-text" aria-hidden="true">Logo Right Content</h2> <div class="textwidget"></div> </section> <div id="site-title-wrapper"> <p id="site-title" class="site-title"><a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/" rel="home">Scope</a></p> <p id="site-description" class="site-description">Stanford University School of Medicine blog</p> </div> </div> <nav id="site-navigation" class="main-navigation" aria-label="Primary Menu" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement"> <h2 class="screen-reader-text">Primary Menu</h2> <button class="menu-toggle" aria-controls="primary-menu" aria-expanded="false">Menu</button> <div class="search-box-wrapper search-container-mobile"> <div class="search-box"> <form itemprop="potentialAction" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/SearchAction" role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/"> <label> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> <input type="search" itemprop="query-input" class="search-field" placeholder="Search …" value="" name="s" /> </label> <input type="submit" class="search-submit" value="Search" /> <meta itemprop="target" content="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/?s={search} "/></form> </div> </div>  <div class="menu-category-menu-container"><ul id="primary-menu" class="nav-menu"><li id="menu-item-171351" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-171351"><a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/latest/">Latest</a></li> <li id="menu-item-171350" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-item page_item page-item-171340 current_page_item menu-item-171350"><a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/popular/" aria-current="page">Popular</a></li> <li id="menu-item-171352" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-171352"><a href="#">Topics</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-180511" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-180511"><a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/category/stanford-medicine/medical-research/">Medical Research</a></li> <li id="menu-item-180506" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-180506"><a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/category/stanford-medicine/medical-education/">Medical Education</a></li> <li id="menu-item-181062" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-181062"><a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/category/global-health/">Global Health</a></li> <li id="menu-item-180508" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-180508"><a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/category/health-policy/">Health Policy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-180509" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-180509"><a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/category/innovation-technology/">Innovation & Technology</a></li> <li id="menu-item-181061" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-181061"><a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/category/stanford-medicine/patient-care/">Patient Care</a></li> <li id="menu-item-180512" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-180512"><a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/category/wellness/">Wellness</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-search"><form itemprop="potentialAction" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/SearchAction" role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/"> <label> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> <input type="search" itemprop="query-input" class="search-field" placeholder="Search …" value="" name="s" /> </label> <input type="submit" class="search-submit" value="Search" /> <meta itemprop="target" content="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/?s={search} "/></form></li></ul></div> </nav>   </header> <div id="content" class="site-content"> <div id="primary" class="content-area"> <main id="main" class="site-main" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="mainContentOfPage"> <header> <h1 class="page-title screen-reader-text" itemprop="headline">Popular</h1> </header> <article id="post-218847" class="post-218847 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-addiction category-medical-research category-neurobiology category-psychiatry-mental-health category-stanford-school-of-medicine category-uniquely-stanford category-wellness tag-news-home h-entry hentry h-as-article" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Article"> <header class="entry-header"> <img width="520" height="260" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/dole777-EQSPI11rf68-unsplash-520x260.jpg" class="attachment-article-landscape size-article-landscape wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" aria-hidden="true" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/dole777-EQSPI11rf68-unsplash-520x260.jpg 520w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/dole777-EQSPI11rf68-unsplash-scaled-1152x578-1.jpg 1152w" sizes="(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px" /> <h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/2021/10/29/addictive-potential-of-social-media-explained/" rel="bookmark" itemprop="url">Addictive potential of social media, explained</a> </h2> <div class="entry-summary-top" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> Stanford psychiatrist Anna Lembke’s book, Dopamine Nation, explains our brain chemistry's role in modern society's addiction to social media. </div> <div class="entry-meta"> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content" itemprop="articleBody"> <div class="entry-summary" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> <p>Stanford psychiatrist Anna Lembke’s book, Dopamine Nation, explains our brain chemistry's role in modern society's addiction to social media.</p> </div> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"><span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span><a class="url fn n" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/author/goldmanb/" rel="author" itemprop="url name">Bruce Goldman</a></span></span><span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Published on </span><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2021-10-29T09:00:00-07:00" itemprop="dateModified datePublished">October 29, 2021</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-05-09T10:27:33-07:00">May 9, 2024</time></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-198603" class="post-198603 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-neurobiology category-pediatrics category-radiology tag-news-home h-entry hentry h-as-article" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Article"> <header class="entry-header"> <img width="520" height="260" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/nintendo-gameboy-color-pokemon-1474219356tdX-520x260.jpg" class="attachment-article-landscape size-article-landscape wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" aria-hidden="true" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/nintendo-gameboy-color-pokemon-1474219356tdX-520x260.jpg 520w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/nintendo-gameboy-color-pokemon-1474219356tdX-1152x578.jpg 1152w" sizes="(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px" /> <h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/2019/05/10/pokemon-experts-brains-shed-light-on-neurological-development/" rel="bookmark" itemprop="url">Pokémon experts’ brains shed light on neurological development</a> </h2> <div class="entry-summary-top" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> A Stanford study shows Pokémon expertise developed during childhood activates the brain region that processes information from the center of the retina. </div> <div class="entry-meta"> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content" itemprop="articleBody"> <div class="entry-summary" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> <p>A Stanford study shows Pokémon expertise developed during childhood activates the brain region that processes information from the center of the retina.</p> </div> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"><span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span><a class="url fn n" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/author/sciencehuber/" rel="author" itemprop="url name">Jennifer Huber</a></span></span><span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Published on </span><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2019-05-10T12:00:40-07:00" itemprop="dateModified datePublished">May 10, 2019</time><time class="updated" datetime="2019-05-10T12:39:34-07:00">May 10, 2019</time></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-221770" class="post-221770 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-epidemiology-population-health category-medical-research category-neurobiology category-patient-care category-psychiatry-mental-health category-stanford-health-care category-stanford-medicine category-stanford-school-of-medicine tag-news-home h-entry hentry h-as-article" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Article"> <header class="entry-header"> <img width="520" height="260" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/AdobeStock_248061789-520x260.jpeg" class="attachment-article-landscape size-article-landscape wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" aria-hidden="true" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/AdobeStock_248061789-520x260.jpeg 520w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/AdobeStock_248061789-scaled-1152x578-1.jpeg 1152w" sizes="(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px" /> <h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/2023/02/09/cyclic-sighing-can-help-breathe-away-anxiety/" rel="bookmark" itemprop="url">‘Cyclic sighing’ can help breathe away anxiety</a> </h2> <div class="entry-summary-top" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> Stanford Medicine researchers showed that five minutes a day of breathing exercises can reduce overall anxiety and improve mood. </div> <div class="entry-meta"> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content" itemprop="articleBody"> <div class="entry-summary" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> <p>Stanford Medicine researchers showed that five minutes a day of breathing exercises can reduce overall anxiety and improve mood.</p> </div> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"><span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span><a class="url fn n" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/author/hadley-leggett/" rel="author" itemprop="url name">Hadley Leggett</a></span></span><span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Published on </span><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2023-02-09T09:00:00-08:00" itemprop="dateModified datePublished">February 9, 2023</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-03-22T15:14:44-07:00">March 22, 2024</time></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-221800" class="post-221800 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-epidemiology-population-health category-medical-research category-mens-health category-physiology category-stanford-medicine category-stanford-school-of-medicine category-uniquely-stanford tag-news-home h-entry hentry h-as-article" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Article"> <header class="entry-header"> <img width="520" height="260" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/AdobeStock_257411422-520x260.jpeg" class="attachment-article-landscape size-article-landscape wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" aria-hidden="true" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/AdobeStock_257411422-520x260.jpeg 520w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/AdobeStock_257411422-1152x578.jpeg 1152w" sizes="(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px" /> <h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/2023/02/14/is-an-increase-in-penile-length-cause-for-concern/" rel="bookmark" itemprop="url">Is an increase in penile length cause for concern?</a> </h2> <div class="entry-summary-top" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> Researchers have found that over the past 30 years the length of the average erect penis has increased, and it's prompted questions. </div> <div class="entry-meta"> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content" itemprop="articleBody"> <div class="entry-summary" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> <p>Researchers have found that over the past 30 years the length of the average erect penis has increased, and it's prompted questions.</p> </div> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"><span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span><a class="url fn n" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/author/emily-moskal/" rel="author" itemprop="url name">Emily Moskal</a></span></span><span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Published on </span><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2023-02-14T07:01:00-08:00" itemprop="dateModified datePublished">February 14, 2023</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-03-22T17:24:10-07:00">March 22, 2024</time></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-209030" class="post-209030 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-cancer category-lung-cancer category-palliative-care category-patient-care tag-1934 tag-news-home tag-physician-stories h-entry hentry h-as-article" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Article"> <header class="entry-header"> <img width="520" height="260" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/QA-Kalanithi-2020-Issue-1-cancer-Twitter-e1587409260479-520x260.jpg" class="attachment-article-landscape size-article-landscape wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" aria-hidden="true" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/QA-Kalanithi-2020-Issue-1-cancer-Twitter-e1587409260479-520x260.jpg 520w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/QA-Kalanithi-2020-Issue-1-cancer-Twitter-e1587409260479-600x300.jpg 600w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/QA-Kalanithi-2020-Issue-1-cancer-Twitter-e1587409260479-768x384.jpg 768w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/QA-Kalanithi-2020-Issue-1-cancer-Twitter-e1587409260479.jpg 1024w" sizes="(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px" /> <h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/2020/04/20/five-years-later-lucy-kalanithi-on-loss-grief-and-love/" rel="bookmark" itemprop="url">Five years later: Lucy Kalanithi on loss, grief and love</a> </h2> <div class="entry-summary-top" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> Stanford physician Lucy Kalanithi opens up about loss, grief and love for her neurosurgeon husband, Paul, five years after his death from lung cancer. </div> <div class="entry-meta"> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content" itemprop="articleBody"> <div class="entry-summary" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> <p>Stanford physician Lucy Kalanithi opens up about loss, grief and love for her neurosurgeon husband, Paul, five years after his death from lung cancer.</p> </div> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"><span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span><a class="url fn n" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/author/paulc1/" rel="author" itemprop="url name">Paul Costello</a></span></span><span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Published on </span><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2020-04-20T13:29:27-07:00" itemprop="dateModified datePublished">April 20, 2020</time><time class="updated" datetime="2023-09-28T10:56:14-07:00">September 28, 2023</time></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-209790" class="post-209790 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-dermatology category-medical-research category-osteoporosis category-patient-care category-skin-cancers tag-news-home h-entry hentry h-as-article" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Article"> <header class="entry-header"> <img width="520" height="260" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/New-crop-Scope-blog-on-Retinol-520x260.jpg" class="attachment-article-landscape size-article-landscape wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" aria-hidden="true" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /> <h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/2020/08/06/does-retinol-deserve-the-hype-a-stanford-dermatologist-weighs-in/" rel="bookmark" itemprop="url">Does retinol deserve the hype? A Stanford dermatologist weighs in</a> </h2> <div class="entry-summary-top" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> A Stanford dermatologist weighs in on using retinol to fight aging, acne and other skin problems, and whether it deserves the hype. </div> <div class="entry-meta"> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content" itemprop="articleBody"> <div class="entry-summary" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> <p>A Stanford dermatologist weighs in on using retinol to fight aging, acne and other skin problems, and whether it deserves the hype. </p> </div> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"><span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span><a class="url fn n" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/author/harmitag/" rel="author" itemprop="url name">Hanae Armitage</a></span></span><span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Published on </span><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2020-08-06T09:30:00-07:00" itemprop="dateModified datePublished">August 6, 2020</time><time class="updated" datetime="2023-02-28T17:46:14-08:00">February 28, 2023</time></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-237376" class="post-237376 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-cancer category-digitally-driven category-diversity-equity-inclusion category-drug-development category-epidemiology-population-health category-ethics category-genetics category-global-health category-health-equity category-health-policy category-innovation-technology category-lung-cancer category-lung-health category-medical-education category-stanford-health-care category-stanford-medicine category-stanford-school-of-medicine category-uniquely-stanford tag-news-home h-entry hentry h-as-article" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Article"> <header class="entry-header"> <img width="520" height="260" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Bryant_10-520x260.jpg" class="attachment-article-landscape size-article-landscape wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" aria-hidden="true" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Bryant_10-520x260.jpg 520w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Bryant_10-1152x578.jpg 1152w" sizes="(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px" /> <h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/2024/10/16/never-smoker-lung-cancer-class-bryant-lin/" rel="bookmark" itemprop="url">A doctor, his cancer journey and a uniquely teachable moment</a> </h2> <div class="entry-summary-top" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> Bryant Lin has taken his diagnosis of stage IV ‘never-smoker’ lung cancer, which disproportionately affects those of Asian descent, and turned it into a medical school course. He hopes the world takes notes along with the students and Stanford Medicine community. </div> <div class="entry-meta"> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content" itemprop="articleBody"> <div class="entry-summary" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> <p>Bryant Lin has taken his diagnosis of stage IV ‘never-smoker’ lung cancer, which disproportionately affects those of Asian descent, and turned it into a medical school course. He hopes the world takes notes along with the students and Stanford Medicine community.</p> </div> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"><span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span><a class="url fn n" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/author/mark-conley/" rel="author" itemprop="url name">Mark Conley</a></span></span><span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Published on </span><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-10-16T08:00:00-07:00" itemprop="dateModified datePublished">October 16, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-11-18T15:12:55-08:00">November 18, 2024</time></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-194577" class="post-194577 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-nutrition category-wellness tag-news-home h-entry hentry h-as-article" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Article"> <header class="entry-header"> <img width="520" height="260" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/AdobeStock_254451278-520x260.jpeg" class="attachment-article-landscape size-article-landscape wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" aria-hidden="true" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/AdobeStock_254451278-520x260.jpeg 520w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/AdobeStock_254451278-1152x578.jpeg 1152w" sizes="(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px" /> <h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/2019/02/07/a-skeptical-look-at-popular-diets-vegetarian-is-healthy-if-you-tread-carefully/" rel="bookmark" itemprop="url">A skeptical look at popular diets: Vegetarian is healthy if you tread carefully</a> </h2> <div class="entry-summary-top" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> In the third post in A Skeptical Look at Popular Diets, clinician-researcher Randall Stafford points out the pros and cons of a vegetarian diet. </div> <div class="entry-meta"> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content" itemprop="articleBody"> <div class="entry-summary" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> <p>In the third post in A Skeptical Look at Popular Diets, clinician-researcher Randall Stafford points out the pros and cons of a vegetarian diet. </p> </div> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"><span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span><a class="url fn n" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/author/rstaff/" rel="author" itemprop="url name">Randall Stafford</a></span></span><span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Published on </span><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2019-02-07T09:25:49-08:00" itemprop="dateModified datePublished">February 7, 2019</time><time class="updated" datetime="2023-06-28T19:15:34-07:00">June 28, 2023</time></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-135658" class="post-135658 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-genetics category-medical-research h-entry hentry h-as-article" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Article"> <header class="entry-header"> <img width="520" height="260" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/AdobeStock_171043988-520x260.jpeg" class="attachment-article-landscape size-article-landscape wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" aria-hidden="true" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/AdobeStock_171043988-520x260.jpeg 520w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/AdobeStock_171043988-1152x578.jpeg 1152w" sizes="(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px" /> <h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/2013/12/20/new-genetic-study-more-evidence-for-modern-ashkenazi-jews-ancient-hebrew-patrimony/" rel="bookmark" itemprop="url">New genetic study: More evidence for modern Ashkenazi Jews’ ancient Hebrew patrimony</a> </h2> <div class="entry-meta"> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content" itemprop="articleBody"> <div class="entry-summary" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> <p>I hail from the so-called Ashkenazi branch of Jews, who account for the great majority of all Jews in the world today. Ashkenazis are distinguished …</p> </div> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"><span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span><a class="url fn n" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/author/goldmanb/" rel="author" itemprop="url name">Bruce Goldman</a></span></span><span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Published on </span><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2013-12-20T08:00:31-08:00" itemprop="dateModified datePublished">December 20, 2013</time><time class="updated" datetime="2023-06-28T19:47:29-07:00">June 28, 2023</time></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-221558" class="post-221558 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-epidemiology-population-health category-medical-research category-patient-care category-pediatrics category-psychiatry-mental-health category-stanford-medicine category-stanford-medicine-childrens-health category-stanford-school-of-medicine category-wellness tag-news-home h-entry hentry h-as-article" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Article"> <header class="entry-header"> <img width="520" height="260" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/AdobeStock_299062890-520x260.jpeg" class="attachment-article-landscape size-article-landscape wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" aria-hidden="true" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/AdobeStock_299062890-520x260.jpeg 520w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/AdobeStock_299062890-1152x578.jpeg 1152w" sizes="(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px" /> <h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/2022/12/09/screen-time-the-good-the-healthy-and-the-mind-numbing/" rel="bookmark" itemprop="url">Screen time: The good, the healthy and the mind-numbing</a> </h2> <div class="entry-summary-top" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> Researchers at Stanford Medicine are exploring the impact of screen time and how to create solutions that support health. </div> <div class="entry-meta"> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content" itemprop="articleBody"> <div class="entry-summary" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> <p>Researchers at Stanford Medicine are exploring the impact of screen time and how to create solutions that support health.</p> </div> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"><span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span><a class="url fn n" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/author/harmitag/" rel="author" itemprop="url name">Hanae Armitage</a></span></span><span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Published on </span><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2022-12-09T11:09:00-08:00" itemprop="dateModified datePublished">December 9, 2022</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-03-22T15:14:46-07:00">March 22, 2024</time></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-237490" class="post-237490 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-aging-geriatrics category-autoimmune-conditions category-data-sciences category-digitally-driven category-genetics category-health-equity category-innovation-technology category-medical-research category-neurology-neurosurgery category-patient-care category-psychiatry-mental-health category-stanford-health-care category-stanford-medicine category-stanford-medicine-childrens-health category-stanford-school-of-medicine category-surgery category-uniquely-stanford category-vf tag-news-home h-entry hentry h-as-article" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Article"> <header class="entry-header"> <img width="520" height="260" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AMA-ALLERGIES-1-520x260.jpg" class="attachment-article-landscape size-article-landscape wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" aria-hidden="true" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AMA-ALLERGIES-1-520x260.jpg 520w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AMA-ALLERGIES-1-600x301.jpg 600w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AMA-ALLERGIES-1-1024x514.jpg 1024w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AMA-ALLERGIES-1-768x385.jpg 768w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AMA-ALLERGIES-1-1536x770.jpg 1536w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AMA-ALLERGIES-1-2048x1027.jpg 2048w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/AMA-ALLERGIES-1-1152x578.jpg 1152w" sizes="(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px" /> <h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/2024/11/21/ask-me-anything-what-to-know-about-hearing-loss/" rel="bookmark" itemprop="url">Ask me anything: What to know about hearing loss</a> </h2> <div class="entry-summary-top" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> What actually causes hearing loss? Are there new treatments that can restore hearing? Can it be reversed? How does air travel affect hearing loss? </div> <div class="entry-meta"> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content" itemprop="articleBody"> <div class="entry-summary" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> <p>What actually causes hearing loss? Are there new treatments that can restore hearing? Can it be reversed? How does air travel affect hearing loss?</p> </div> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"><span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span><a class="url fn n" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/author/harmitag/" rel="author" itemprop="url name">Hanae Armitage</a></span></span><span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Published on </span><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-11-21T12:50:32-08:00" itemprop="dateModified datePublished">November 21, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-11-21T17:20:34-08:00">November 21, 2024</time></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-225312" class="post-225312 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-biochemistry category-cellular-molecular-biology category-covid-19 category-epidemiology-population-health category-immunology category-infectious-diseases category-medical-research category-microbiology category-stanford-medicine category-stanford-school-of-medicine category-vaccines tag-news-home h-entry hentry h-as-article" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Article"> <header class="entry-header"> <img width="520" height="260" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/usemRNA-Illo-Web-Crop-2048x2048-1-520x260.jpg" class="attachment-article-landscape size-article-landscape wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" aria-hidden="true" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/usemRNA-Illo-Web-Crop-2048x2048-1-520x260.jpg 520w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/usemRNA-Illo-Web-Crop-2048x2048-1-600x301.jpg 600w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/usemRNA-Illo-Web-Crop-2048x2048-1-1024x514.jpg 1024w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/usemRNA-Illo-Web-Crop-2048x2048-1-768x385.jpg 768w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/usemRNA-Illo-Web-Crop-2048x2048-1.jpg 1152w" sizes="(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px" /> <h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/2023/07/31/mrna-vaccine-spike-protein-differs-from-viral-version/" rel="bookmark" itemprop="url">mRNA vaccine spike protein differs from viral version</a> </h2> <div class="entry-summary-top" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> Scientists explain a key difference between the spike-protein molecules generated by the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine and those the virus induces. </div> <div class="entry-meta"> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content" itemprop="articleBody"> <div class="entry-summary" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> <p>Scientists explain a key difference between the spike-protein molecules generated by the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine and those the virus induces.</p> </div> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"><span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span><a class="url fn n" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/author/goldmanb/" rel="author" itemprop="url name">Bruce Goldman</a></span></span><span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Published on </span><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2023-07-31T11:13:57-07:00" itemprop="dateModified datePublished">July 31, 2023</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-03-22T15:14:39-07:00">March 22, 2024</time></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-236121" class="post-236121 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-awards-honors category-digitally-driven category-innovation-technology category-medical-education category-stanford-medicine category-stanford-school-of-medicine category-uniquely-stanford category-vf tag-news-home h-entry hentry h-as-article" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Article"> <header class="entry-header"> <img width="520" height="260" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/MatchDay2019_168-520x260.jpg" class="attachment-article-landscape size-article-landscape wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" aria-hidden="true" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/MatchDay2019_168-520x260.jpg 520w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/MatchDay2019_168-1152x578.jpg 1152w" sizes="(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px" /> <h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/2024/03/13/match-day-medical-school-residency/" rel="bookmark" itemprop="url">Match Day 101: How does the medical residency match work?</a> </h2> <div class="entry-summary-top" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> Graduating medical students go through an unusual springtime ritual known as Match Day to find out where they’ll continue their training. Here’s everything you wanted to know about the big day. </div> <div class="entry-meta"> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content" itemprop="articleBody"> <div class="entry-summary" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> <p>Graduating medical students go through an unusual springtime ritual known as Match Day to find out where they’ll continue their training. Here’s everything you wanted to know about the big day. </p> </div> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"><span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span><a class="url fn n" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/author/nina-bai/" rel="author" itemprop="url name">Nina Bai</a></span></span><span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Published on </span><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-03-13T15:22:00-07:00" itemprop="dateModified datePublished">March 13, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-03-13T15:22:03-07:00">March 13, 2024</time></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-159616" class="post-159616 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-emergency-medicine tag-news-home h-entry hentry h-as-article" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Article"> <header class="entry-header"> <img width="520" height="260" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/AdobeStock_602739393-520x260.jpeg" class="attachment-article-landscape size-article-landscape wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" aria-hidden="true" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/AdobeStock_602739393-520x260.jpeg 520w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/AdobeStock_602739393-1152x578.jpeg 1152w" sizes="(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px" /> <h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/2015/02/10/stanford-study-not-all-dog-bites-should-be-treated-with-antibiotics/" rel="bookmark" itemprop="url">Stanford study: Not all dog bites should be treated with antibiotics</a> </h2> <div class="entry-meta"> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content" itemprop="articleBody"> <div class="entry-summary" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> <p>Just before the holidays, my husband whisked me off to urgent care because I received some nasty dog bites on both my hands. The incident …</p> </div> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"><span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span><a class="url fn n" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/author/alillyf/" rel="author" itemprop="url name">Andrea Ford</a></span></span><span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Published on </span><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2015-02-10T13:30:49-08:00" itemprop="dateModified datePublished">February 10, 2015</time><time class="updated" datetime="2023-06-28T15:10:31-07:00">June 28, 2023</time></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-170563" class="post-170563 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-nutrition tag-news-home h-entry hentry h-as-article" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Article"> <header class="entry-header"> <img width="520" height="260" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/AdobeStock_330786319-520x260.jpeg" class="attachment-article-landscape size-article-landscape wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" aria-hidden="true" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/AdobeStock_330786319-520x260.jpeg 520w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/AdobeStock_330786319-scaled-1152x578-1.jpeg 1152w" sizes="(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px" /> <h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/2017/10/06/ways-to-boost-blood-iron-levels-while-eating-a-vegan-or-vegetarian-diet/" rel="bookmark" itemprop="url">Ways to boost blood iron levels while eating a vegan or vegetarian diet</a> </h2> <div class="entry-meta"> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content" itemprop="articleBody"> <div class="entry-summary" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> <p>Updated April 18, 2022 If you eat a vegan or vegetarian diet, or if you're just aiming to keep your iron levels up, you probably …</p> </div> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"><span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span><a class="url fn n" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/author/hollymac/" rel="author" itemprop="url name">Holly MacCormick</a></span></span><span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Published on </span><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2017-10-06T12:01:56-07:00" itemprop="dateModified datePublished">October 6, 2017</time><time class="updated" datetime="2023-04-26T16:02:34-07:00">April 26, 2023</time></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-191084" class="post-191084 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-cardiology-heart-disease category-patient-care category-wellness tag-news-home h-entry hentry h-as-article" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Article"> <header class="entry-header"> <img width="520" height="260" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/AdobeStock_163354252-520x260.jpeg" class="attachment-article-landscape size-article-landscape wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" aria-hidden="true" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/AdobeStock_163354252-520x260.jpeg 520w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/AdobeStock_163354252-1152x578.jpeg 1152w" sizes="(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px" /> <h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/2018/10/11/understanding-afib-blood-thinners-simplified/" rel="bookmark" itemprop="url">Understanding AFib: Blood thinners simplified</a> </h2> <div class="entry-summary-top" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> In the latest installment in the series Understanding AFib, Randall Stafford explains the different types of blood thinners. </div> <div class="entry-meta"> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content" itemprop="articleBody"> <div class="entry-summary" itemprop="description alternativeHeadline"> <p>In the latest installment in the series Understanding AFib, Randall Stafford explains the different types of blood thinners. </p> </div> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"><span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span><a class="url fn n" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/author/rstaff/" rel="author" itemprop="url name">Randall Stafford</a></span></span><span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Published on </span><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2018-10-11T09:30:49-07:00" itemprop="dateModified datePublished">October 11, 2018</time><time class="updated" datetime="2023-06-28T18:16:12-07:00">June 28, 2023</time></span> </footer> </article> <nav class="navigation pagination" aria-label="Posts"> <h2 class="screen-reader-text">Posts navigation</h2> <div class="nav-links"><span aria-current="page" class="page-numbers current"><span class="meta-nav screen-reader-text">Page </span>1</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/popular/page/2/"><span class="meta-nav screen-reader-text">Page </span>2</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/popular/page/3/"><span class="meta-nav screen-reader-text">Page </span>3</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">…</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/popular/page/132/"><span class="meta-nav screen-reader-text">Page </span>132</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/popular/page/133/"><span class="meta-nav screen-reader-text">Page </span>133</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/popular/page/134/"><span class="meta-nav screen-reader-text">Page </span>134</a> <a class="next page-numbers" href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/popular/page/2/">Older articles</a></div> </nav> </main> </div> </div> <footer id="colophon" class="site-footer" aria-labelledby="footer-header" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/WPFooter"> <section id="footer-top" class="footer-top"><h2 class="screen-reader-text" aria-hidden="true">Footer Bottom Widgets</h2> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="200" height="57" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/stanford-medicine-logo-3-1.png" alt="" class="wp-image-225867"/></figure> </section> <h2 class="screen-reader-text" id="footer-header">Footer Content</h2> <div id="footer-widgets" class="widget-area three" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/WPSideBar"> <div id="footer-widget-left"> <section id="nav_menu-4" class="widget widget_nav_menu"><h3 class="widget-title">Office Of Communications</h3><div class="menu-footer-left-menu-container"><ul id="menu-footer-left-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-225859" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-225859"><a href="https://med.stanford.edu/mednews/whoWeAre.html">Contact Us</a></li> <li id="menu-item-225860" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-225860"><a href="https://med.stanford.edu/mednews/media">For Media</a></li> <li id="menu-item-225861" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-225861"><a href="https://med.stanford.edu/mednews/staff">For Faculty & Staff</a></li> </ul></div></section> </div> <div id="footer-widget-middle"> <section id="nav_menu-5" class="widget widget_nav_menu"><h3 class="widget-title">Publications</h3><div class="menu-footer-center-menu-container"><ul id="menu-footer-center-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-225635" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-225635"><a href="https://med.stanford.edu/news.html">News Center</a></li> <li id="menu-item-225636" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-225636"><a href="https://stanmed.stanford.edu/">Stanford Medicine Magazine</a></li> <li id="menu-item-225673" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-225673"><a href="https://healthier.stanfordchildrens.org/">Stanford Medicine Children’s Health Blog</a></li> </ul></div></section> </div> <div id="footer-widget-right"> <section id="nav_menu-3" class="widget widget_nav_menu"><h3 class="widget-title">Scope</h3><div class="menu-footer-right-menu-container"><ul id="menu-footer-right-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-225857" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-home menu-item-225857"><a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/">Home</a></li> <li id="menu-item-225858" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current_page_parent menu-item-225858"><a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/latest/">Latest</a></li> </ul></div></section> </div> </div> <div class="site-info"> <span id="site-admin-link"> </span> </div> <div class="site-info-2"> <nav id="social-navigation" class="social-navigation" aria-label="Social Links Menu"> <h3 class="screen-reader-text">Social Links Menu</h3> <div id="menu-social" class="menu"><ul id="menu-social-items" class="menu-items"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-164305"><a href="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/about-scope/"><span class="screen-reader-text">About</span></a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-171364"><a href="https://twitter.com/StanfordMed"><span class="screen-reader-text">Twitter</span></a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-171365"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/stanfordmedicine"><span class="screen-reader-text">Facebook</span></a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-171367"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/edu/stanford-university-school-of-medicine-17929"><span class="screen-reader-text">LinkedIn</span></a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-171366"><a href="https://instagram.com/stanford.med/"><span class="screen-reader-text">Instagram</span></a></li> </ul></div> </nav> </div> <section id="footer-mid"><h2 class="screen-reader-text" aria-hidden="true">Footer Bottom Widgets</h2> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-2 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:100%"> <div class="wp-block-group"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <div class="wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <p class="has-text-align-left">© 2023 Stanford Medicine</p> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"><div class="widget widget_nav_menu"><div class="menu-copyright-menu-container"><ul id="menu-copyright-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-225685" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-225685"><a href="https://soap.stanford.edu/contact-us/report-web-accessibility-issue">Accessibility Issues</a></li> <li id="menu-item-225634" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-225634"><a href="http://www.stanford.edu/site/terms.html">Terms of Use</a></li> <li id="menu-item-225675" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-225675"><a href="https://www.stanford.edu/site/privacy/">Privacy Policy</a></li> </ul></div></div></div> </div> </div></div> </div> </div> </section><section id="footer-bottom" class="copyright-widget"><h2 class="screen-reader-text" aria-hidden="true">Footer Middle Widgets</h2> <div class="wp-block-group"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-6 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-3 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-medium"><a href="https://www.stanford.edu/"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="600" height="267" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/SUSig_Stack_White-3-600x267.png" alt="" class="wp-image-225851" style="object-fit:cover" srcset="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/SUSig_Stack_White-3-600x267.png 600w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/SUSig_Stack_White-3.png 738w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /></a></figure> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-medium"><a href="https://med.stanford.edu/"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="600" height="289" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/SOM_White_vert_LG-1-600x289.png" alt="" class="wp-image-225852" style="object-fit:cover" srcset="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/SOM_White_vert_LG-1-600x289.png 600w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/SOM_White_vert_LG-1-768x369.png 768w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/SOM_White_vert_LG-1.png 900w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /></a></figure> </div> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-4 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-medium"><a href="https://stanfordhealthcare.org/"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="600" height="289" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/shc_white_vert_lg-2-600x289.png" alt="" class="wp-image-225853" srcset="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/shc_white_vert_lg-2-600x289.png 600w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/shc_white_vert_lg-2-768x369.png 768w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/shc_white_vert_lg-2.png 900w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /></a></figure> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><a href="https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="583" height="279" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Logo_SMCH_lu_v_rgb_wo-1.png" alt="" class="wp-image-225854"/></a></figure> </div> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-5 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-medium"><a href="https://stanfordhealthcare.org/tri-valley"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="600" height="381" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/shctv_white_vert_lg-2-600x381.png" alt="" class="wp-image-225855" srcset="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/shctv_white_vert_lg-2-600x381.png 600w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/shctv_white_vert_lg-2-768x487.png 768w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/shctv_white_vert_lg-2.png 900w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /></a></figure> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-medium"><a href="https://stanfordmedicinepartners.org/"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="600" height="289" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/smp_white_vert_lg-1-600x289.png" alt="" class="wp-image-225856" srcset="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/smp_white_vert_lg-1-600x289.png 600w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/smp_white_vert_lg-1-768x369.png 768w, https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/smp_white_vert_lg-1.png 900w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /></a></figure> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> </section> </footer> </div> <style id='core-block-supports-inline-css' type='text/css'> .wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-2{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-3{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-4{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-5{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-6{flex-wrap:nowrap;} </style> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/plugins/duracelltomi-google-tag-manager/dist/js/gtm4wp-form-move-tracker.js?ver=1.20.2" id="gtm4wp-form-move-tracker-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/themes/tiny-framework/js/navigation.js?ver=2.3.1" id="tinyframework-navigation-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="tinyframework-additional-scripts-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var tinyframeworkAdditionalScripts = {"newWindow":"Opens in a new window"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/themes/tiny-framework/js/functions.js?ver=2.3.1" id="tinyframework-additional-scripts-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/themes/tiny-framework/js/skip-link-focus-fix.js?ver=2.3.1" id="tinyframework-skip-link-focus-fix-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/plugins/easy-social-share-buttons3/assets/modules/pinterest-pro.min.js?ver=9.9" id="pinterest-pro-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/plugins/easy-social-share-buttons3/assets/modules/subscribe-forms.min.js?ver=9.9" id="subscribe-forms-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/plugins/easy-social-share-buttons3/assets/js/essb-core.min.js?ver=9.9" id="easy-social-share-buttons-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="easy-social-share-buttons-core-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var essb_settings = {"ajax_url":"https:\/\/scopeblog.stanford.edu\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","essb3_nonce":"9307d68974","essb3_plugin_url":"https:\/\/scopeblog.stanford.edu\/wp-content\/plugins\/easy-social-share-buttons3","essb3_stats":true,"essb3_ga":true,"essb3_ga_ntg":false,"essb3_ga_mode":"extended","blog_url":"https:\/\/scopeblog.stanford.edu\/","post_id":"171340","internal_stats":true}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-content/themes/tiny-framework-child/accessibility.min.js?ver=6.6.2" id="accessibility-script-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/core.min.js?ver=1.13.3" id="jquery-ui-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/accordion.min.js?ver=1.13.3" id="jquery-ui-accordion-js"></script> <script></script><script type="text/javascript"></script>  </body> </html>