交流電 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书

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href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-發展歷史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#發展歷史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>發展歷史</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-發展歷史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-简谐交流电" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#简谐交流电"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>简谐交流电</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-简谐交流电-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关简谐交流电子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-简谐交流电-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-频率" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#频率"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>频率</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-频率-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-峰值和有效值" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#峰值和有效值"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>峰值和有效值</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-峰值和有效值-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-任意的波" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#任意的波"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>任意的波</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-任意的波-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-正弦波" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#正弦波"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>正弦波</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-正弦波-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-電功率" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#電功率"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>電功率</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-電功率-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-發電機" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#發電機"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>發電機</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-發電機-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-电力传输" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#电力传输"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>电力传输</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-电力传输-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-交流電相位分類" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#交流電相位分類"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>交流電相位分類</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-交流電相位分類-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关交流電相位分類子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-交流電相位分類-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-單相电" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#單相电"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>單相电</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-單相电-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-三相电" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#三相电"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>三相电</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-三相电-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參看" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參看"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>參看</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參看-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-引用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#引用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>引用</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-引用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">交流電</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。91种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-91" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">91种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisselstroom" title="Wisselstroom – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Wisselstroom" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wechselstrom" title="Wechselstrom – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Wechselstrom" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%98%E1%8A%95%E1%89%BA_%E1%8C%85%E1%88%A8%E1%89%B5" title="አመንቺ ጅረት – 阿姆哈拉语" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="አመንቺ ጅረት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrient_alterna" title="Corrient alterna – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Corrient alterna" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%AF" title="تيار متردد – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تيار متردد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corriente_alterno" title="Corriente alterno – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Corriente alterno" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C9%99yi%C5%9F%C9%99n_c%C9%99r%C9%99yan" title="Dəyişən cərəyan – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Dəyişən cərəyan" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Пераменны ток – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пераменны ток" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Зьменны ток – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Зьменны ток" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Променлив ток – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Променлив ток" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A7%8E_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9" title="পরিবর্তী তড়িৎ প্রবাহ – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পরিবর্তী তড়িৎ প্রবাহ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%A4%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BE%B3%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8D" title="སྤེལ་རྒྱུག་གློག་རྒྱུན། – 藏语" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སྤེལ་རྒྱུག་གློག་རྒྱུན།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="藏语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naizmjeni%C4%8Dna_struja" title="Naizmjenična struja – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Naizmjenična struja" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrent_altern" title="Corrent altern – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Corrent altern" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%95%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C_%DA%AF%DB%86%DA%95%D8%A7%D9%88" title="تەزووی گۆڕاو – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="تەزووی گۆڕاو" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C5%99%C3%ADdav%C3%BD_proud" title="Střídavý proud – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Střídavý proud" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%88%C4%83%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%C4%83_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Улшăнуллă ток – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Улшăнуллă ток" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vekselstr%C3%B8m" title="Vekselstrøm – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Vekselstrøm" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wechselstrom" title="Wechselstrom – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wechselstrom" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%83%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%BF_%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%8D%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Εναλλασσόμενο ρεύμα – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εναλλασσόμενο ρεύμα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_current" title="Alternating current – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Alternating current" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alterna_kurento" title="Alterna kurento – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Alterna kurento" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corriente_alterna" title="Corriente alterna – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Corriente alterna" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vahelduvvool" title="Vahelduvvool – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vahelduvvool" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korronte_alterno" title="Korronte alterno – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Korronte alterno" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A8" title="جریان متناوب – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جریان متناوب" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaihtovirta" title="Vaihtovirta – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Vaihtovirta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Courant_alternatif" title="Courant alternatif – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Courant alternatif" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wakselstruum" title="Wakselstruum – 北弗里西亚语" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Wakselstruum" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sruth_ailt%C3%A9arnach" title="Sruth ailtéarnach – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Sruth ailtéarnach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrente_alterna" title="Corrente alterna – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Corrente alterna" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arus_bolak-balik" title="Arus bolak-balik – 哥伦打洛语" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Arus bolak-balik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="哥伦打洛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%9D_%D7%97%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%9F" title="זרם חילופין – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="זרם חילופין" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="प्रत्यावर्ती धारा – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="प्रत्यावर्ती धारा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmjeni%C4%8Dna_elektri%C4%8Dna_struja" title="Izmjenična električna struja – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Izmjenična električna struja" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kouran_alt%C3%A8natif_(AC)" title="Kouran altènatif (AC) – 海地克里奥尔语" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Kouran altènatif (AC)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地克里奥尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A1ltakoz%C3%B3_%C3%A1ram" title="Váltakozó áram – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Váltakozó áram" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%93%D5%B8%D6%83%D5%B8%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B0%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%84" title="Փոփոխական հոսանք – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Փոփոխական հոսանք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arus_bolak-balik" title="Arus bolak-balik – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Arus bolak-balik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korento_alternanta" title="Korento alternanta – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Korento alternanta" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ri%C3%B0straumur" title="Riðstraumur – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Riðstraumur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrente_alternata" title="Corrente alternata – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Corrente alternata" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81" title="交流 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="交流" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AA%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%98_%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ცვლადი დენი – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ცვლადი დენი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Айнымалы ток – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Айнымалы ток" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AF(%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%86_%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B5)_%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B9" title="ಪರ್ಯಾಯ(ಸರದಿಯಂತೆ ಬರುವ) ವಿದ್ಯುತ್ ಪ್ರವಾಹ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಪರ್ಯಾಯ(ಸರದಿಯಂತೆ ಬರುವ) ವಿದ್ಯುತ್ ಪ್ರವಾಹ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%90%EB%A5%98" title="교류 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="교류" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rewteka_p%C3%AAlp%C3%AAlok%C3%AE" title="Rewteka pêlpêlokî – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Rewteka pêlpêlokî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strom_mud%C3%A0_ju" title="Strom mudà ju – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Strom mudà ju" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrent_alternada" title="Corrent alternada – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Corrent alternada" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kintamoji_elektros_srov%C4%97" title="Kintamoji elektros srovė – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kintamoji elektros srovė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mai%C5%86str%C4%81va" title="Maiņstrāva – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Maiņstrāva" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zitina_miherina" title="Zitina miherina – 马拉加斯语" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Zitina miherina" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="马拉加斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Наизменична струја – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Наизменична струја" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE_%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF" title="പ്രത്യാവർത്തിധാരാ വൈദ്യുതി – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പ്രത്യാവർത്തിധാരാ വൈദ്യുതി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arus_ulang-alik" title="Arus ulang-alik – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Arus ulang-alik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F" title="एसी करेन्ट – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="एसी करेन्ट" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisselstroom" title="Wisselstroom – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Wisselstroom" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vekselstraum" title="Vekselstraum – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Vekselstraum" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vekselstr%C3%B8m" title="Vekselstrøm – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Vekselstrøm" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrent_alternatiu" title="Corrent alternatiu – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Corrent alternatiu" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%82_%E0%A8%A7%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE" title="ਬਿਜਲੀ ਦੀ ਬਦਲਵੀਂ ਧਾਰਾ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬਿਜਲੀ ਦੀ ਬਦਲਵੀਂ ਧਾਰਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C4%85d_przemienny" title="Prąd przemienny – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Prąd przemienny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%B9%D8%B1%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%B9%D9%86%DA%AF_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%B9" title="آلٹرنیٹنگ کرنٹ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="آلٹرنیٹنگ کرنٹ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrente_alternada" title="Corrente alternada – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Corrente alternada" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curent_alternativ" title="Curent alternativ – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Curent alternativ" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Переменный ток – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Переменный ток" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternatin_current" title="Alternatin current – 苏格兰语" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Alternatin current" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="苏格兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmjeni%C4%8Dna_struja" title="Izmjenična struja – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Izmjenična struja" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_current" title="Alternating current – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Alternating current" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Striedav%C3%BD_pr%C3%BAd" title="Striedavý prúd – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Striedavý prúd" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmeni%C4%8Dni_elektri%C4%8Dni_tok" title="Izmenični električni tok – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Izmenični električni tok" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rryma_e_ndryshueshme" title="Rryma e ndryshueshme – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Rryma e ndryshueshme" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Наизменична струја – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Наизменична струја" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikselsponnenge" title="Wikselsponnenge – 沙特菲士蘭文" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Wikselsponnenge" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="沙特菲士蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arus_listrik_bulak-balik" title="Arus listrik bulak-balik – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Arus listrik bulak-balik" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A4xelstr%C3%B6m" title="Växelström – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Växelström" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="மாறுதிசை மின்னோட்டம் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மாறுதிசை மின்னோட்டம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%96_%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%82" title="ద్విముఖ విద్యుత్ ప్రవాహం – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ద్విముఖ విద్యుత్ ప్రవాహం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%9F%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A" title="ไฟฟ้ากระแสสลับ – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไฟฟ้ากระแสสลับ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_current" title="Alternating current – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Alternating current" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternatif_ak%C4%B1m" title="Alternatif akım – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Alternatif akım" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Змінний струм – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Змінний струм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%84_%D8%B1%D9%88" title="متبادل رو – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="متبادل رو" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%CA%BBzgaruvchan_elektr_toki" title="Oʻzgaruvchan elektr toki – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Oʻzgaruvchan elektr toki" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90i%E1%BB%87n_xoay_chi%E1%BB%81u" title="Điện xoay chiều – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Điện xoay chiều" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_current" title="Alternating current – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Alternating current" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawaan_bu_safaanu" title="Dawaan bu safaanu – 沃洛夫语" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Dawaan bu safaanu" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="沃洛夫语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E7%94%B5" title="交流电 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="交流电" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%A7%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%A9%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9D" title="וועקסלשטראם – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="וועקסלשטראם" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BF%95%E9%9B%BB" title="濕電 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="濕電" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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</nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">（重定向自<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E7%94%B5&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="交流电">交流电</a>）</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:City_lights_in_motion.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/City_lights_in_motion.jpg/250px-City_lights_in_motion.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/City_lights_in_motion.jpg/375px-City_lights_in_motion.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/City_lights_in_motion.jpg/500px-City_lights_in_motion.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>在曝光期內來回移動的照相機对許多固定路灯拍攝到的照片。由于电压的变化，每盞交流電路灯光留下的個別軌跡是虚线。</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AC_wave.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/AC_wave.gif" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="120" data-file-height="120" /></a><figcaption>交流電的波形</figcaption></figure> <p><b>交流電流</b>（英語：<span lang="en">alternating current</span>，<a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB" title="縮寫">縮寫</a>：AC）是指<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E6%B5%81" title="电流">电流</a>强度和电流方向都發生<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F" title="週期">週期性</a>變化的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E6%B5%81" class="mw-redirect" title="電流">電流</a>，在一個週期內的平均值為零。不同於<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB" title="直流電">直流電</a>，後者的方向是不會隨著時間發生改變的，並且直流電沒有周期性變化。 </p><p>通常波形為<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%9B%B2%E7%B7%9A" title="正弦曲線">正弦曲線</a>。交流電可以有效傳輸電力。但實際上還有應用其他的波形，例如三角形波、正方形波。生活中使用的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%82%E9%9B%BB" title="市電">市電</a>就是具有正弦波形的交流電。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="發展歷史"><span id=".E7.99.BC.E5.B1.95.E6.AD.B7.E5.8F.B2"></span>發展歷史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：發展歷史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>当发现了<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E7%A3%81%E6%84%9F%E5%BA%94" title="电磁感应">电磁感应</a>后，产生交流电流的方法就被知晓。早期的成品由英國人<a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A5%E5%8F%AF%C2%B7%E6%B3%95%E6%8B%89%E7%AC%AC" title="麥可·法拉第">麥可·法拉第</a>（英語：<span lang="en">Michael Faraday</span>）与法國人<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="波利特·皮克西" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hippolyte Pixii"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E5%88%A9%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E7%9A%AE%E5%85%8B%E8%A5%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="波利特·皮克西（页面不存在）">波利特·皮克西</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippolyte_Pixii" class="extiw" title="en:Hippolyte Pixii"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hippolyte Pixii</span></a></span>）</span></span>（法語：<span lang="fr">Hippolyte Pixii</span>）等人开发出来。 </p><p>1882年，英国电工<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%88%88%E7%99%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="詹姆斯·戈登（页面不存在）">詹姆斯·戈登</a>建造大型双相交流发电机。<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E5%B0%94%E6%96%87%E5%8B%8B%E7%88%B5" title="开尔文勋爵">开尔文勋爵</a>与<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A1%9E%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF%E8%92%82%E5%AE%89%C2%B7%E8%B4%B9%E5%85%B0%E8%92%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="塞巴斯蒂安·费兰蒂（页面不存在）">塞巴斯蒂安·费兰蒂</a>（英語：<span lang="en">Sebastian Ziani de Ferranti</span>）开发早期交流发电机，频率介于100赫兹至300赫兹之间。 </p><p>1891年，<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%8F%A4%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E7%89%B9%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89" title="尼古拉·特斯拉">尼古拉·特斯拉</a>取得了“高频率”（15,000赫兹）交流发电机的专利<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>1891年后，多相交流发电机被用来供应电流，此后的交流发电机的交流电流频率通常设计在16赫兹至100赫兹间，搭配<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A7%E5%85%89%E7%81%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="弧光灯">弧光灯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E7%82%BD%E7%81%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="白炽灯">白炽灯</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%8A%A8%E6%9C%BA" title="电动机">电动机</a>使用。 </p><p>根据电磁感应定律，当导体周围的磁场发生变化，感应电流在导体中产生。通常情况下，旋转磁体称为<a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AC%E5%AD%90" title="转子">转子</a>，导体绕在铁芯上的线圈内的固定组，称为<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9A%E5%AD%90" title="定子">定子</a>，当其跨越磁场时，便产生电流。产生交流电的基本机械称为<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB%E6%A9%9F" title="交流發電機">交流發電機</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="简谐交流电"><span id=".E7.AE.80.E8.B0.90.E4.BA.A4.E6.B5.81.E7.94.B5"></span>简谐交流电</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：简谐交流电"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>根据<a href="/wiki/%E5%82%85%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%B6%E7%BA%A7%E6%95%B0" title="傅里叶级数">傅里叶级数</a>的原理，周期函数都可以展开为以正弦函数、余弦函数组成的无穷级数，任何非简谐的交流电也可以分解为一系列简谐正余弦交流电的合成。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="频率"><span id=".E9.A2.91.E7.8E.87"></span>频率</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：频率"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Power_Grid_of_Japan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Power_Grid_of_Japan.svg/220px-Power_Grid_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Power_Grid_of_Japan.svg/330px-Power_Grid_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Power_Grid_of_Japan.svg/440px-Power_Grid_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2480" data-file-height="2600" /></a><figcaption>日本的電力系統包含了50及60赫茲，兩者以<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%A3%93%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81" class="mw-redirect" title="高壓直流">高壓直流</a>聯網。</figcaption></figure> <p>交流电的频率是指它单位时间内周期性变化的次数，单位是<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E5%85%B9" title="赫兹">赫兹</a>，与周期成倒数关系。日常生活中的交流电的频率一般为50赫兹或60赫茲，而无线电技术中涉及的交流电频率一般较大，达到千赫兹（kHz）甚至百萬赫兹（MHz）的度量。不同国家和地区的电力系统的交流电频率不同。在亚洲使用50赫兹的国家和地区主要有中华人民共和国、香港特别行政区、泰国、印度和新加坡，而韩国、菲律宾和台灣使用60赫兹。欧洲大部分国家使用50赫兹，美洲使用60赫兹的国家主要是墨西哥、美国、加拿大。 </p><p>早在1800年代，<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="東京">東京</a>的電力公司從<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="德國">德國</a>引入50赫兹設備，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%98%AA%E5%B8%82" title="大阪市">大阪</a>則從<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="美國">美國</a>引入60赫兹設備，導致東日本及西日本處於不同频率的電網中。由於頻率不相同，東、西電網只能透過<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%A3%93%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81" class="mw-redirect" title="高壓直流">高壓直流</a>互聯，變頻設施包括：<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E4%BF%A1%E6%BF%83%E8%AE%8A%E9%9B%BB%E6%89%80" title="新信濃變電所">新信濃變電所</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%97%E7%A6%8F%E5%85%89%E8%AE%8A%E9%9B%BB%E6%89%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="南福光變電所（页面不存在）">南福光變電所</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%90%E4%B9%85%E9%96%93%E6%B0%B4%E5%A3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="佐久間水壩">佐久間變電所</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="峰值和有效值"><span id=".E5.B3.B0.E5.80.BC.E5.92.8C.E6.9C.89.E6.95.88.E5.80.BC"></span>峰值和有效值</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：峰值和有效值"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>正余弦交流电的峰值与振幅相对应，而有效值大小则由相同时间内产生相当焦耳热的直流电的大小来等效。交流电峰值<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V_{P}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>P</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V_{P}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/078c577c8485f400325b2b61e5a220ebc691d849" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.822ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V_{P}}"></span>与均方根值<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V_{RMS}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>R</mi> <mi>M</mi> <mi>S</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V_{RMS}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/827e9f02db4e4ea61705c5723be73c913a12e0d3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:5.622ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V_{RMS}}"></span>（有效值）的关系为<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V_{P}={\sqrt {2}}V_{RMS}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>P</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msqrt> <mn>2</mn> </msqrt> </mrow> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>R</mi> <mi>M</mi> <mi>S</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V_{P}={\sqrt {2}}V_{RMS}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/63aea39aff4fbe8b20c9a01c74f36440bb987505" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:14.64ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V_{P}={\sqrt {2}}V_{RMS}}"></span>。若市電為220V（如<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="中國大陸">中國大陸</a>），則220V表示均方根值，其峰值为311V。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="任意的波"><span id=".E4.BB.BB.E6.84.8F.E7.9A.84.E6.B3.A2"></span>任意的波</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：任意的波"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>對任意周期函數 <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle v(t)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle v(t)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/243a0bf98a12f48552ba6a70302122d81b237b3d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:3.777ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle v(t)}"></span>，設周期的一半是<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle T}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>T</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle T}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ec7200acd984a1d3a3d7dc455e262fbe54f7f6e0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.636ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle T}"></span>，角速度为<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \omega }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>ω</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \omega }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/48eff443f9de7a985bb94ca3bde20813ea737be8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.446ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \omega }"></span>，则<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle T={\frac {\pi }{\omega }}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>T</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>π</mi> <mi>ω</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle T={\frac {\pi }{\omega }}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/830fba767f31a1a8e6147ab6160a502ec192b257" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:7.017ex; height:4.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle T={\frac {\pi }{\omega }}}"></span>，均方根值為：</li></ul> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V_{\mathrm {RMS} }^{2}={{\frac {1}{T}}\int _{0}^{T}{[v(t)]^{2}dt}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msubsup> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">R</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">M</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">S</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mi>T</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <msup> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V_{\mathrm {RMS} }^{2}={{\frac {1}{T}}\int _{0}^{T}{[v(t)]^{2}dt}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4a2794e464a55d34d0301cf071c3dd58863e634b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:23.596ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V_{\mathrm {RMS} }^{2}={{\frac {1}{T}}\int _{0}^{T}{[v(t)]^{2}dt}}}"></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="正弦波"><span id=".E6.AD.A3.E5.BC.A6.E6.B3.A2"></span>正弦波</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：正弦波"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>設交流電電壓<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle v(t)=V_{P}\sin(\omega t)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>P</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mi>sin</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle v(t)=V_{P}\sin(\omega t)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1533f3ab04b0ec048b58468a1e5fea9c541f4f79" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:17.034ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle v(t)=V_{P}\sin(\omega t)}"></span>，因左右平移對求取面積沒有影響且一個週期的面積等於两倍一半周期的面积</dd> <dd>則<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}V_{\mathrm {RMS} }^{2}&={{\frac {1}{T}}\int _{0}^{T}[{V_{P}\sin(\omega t)]^{2}dt}}\\\end{aligned}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtable columnalign="right left right left right left right left right left right left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em" displaystyle="true"> <mtr> <mtd> <msubsup> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">R</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">M</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">S</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> </mtd> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mi>T</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>P</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mi>sin</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <msup> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}V_{\mathrm {RMS} }^{2}&={{\frac {1}{T}}\int _{0}^{T}[{V_{P}\sin(\omega t)]^{2}dt}}\\\end{aligned}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f3bc48275a397de20eae91aa1a9bda47c10ec1de" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:30.343ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}V_{\mathrm {RMS} }^{2}&={{\frac {1}{T}}\int _{0}^{T}[{V_{P}\sin(\omega t)]^{2}dt}}\\\end{aligned}}}"></span></dd> <dd>使用<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92%E6%81%86%E7%AD%89%E5%BC%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="三角恆等式">三角恆等式</a>的幂简约公式中的<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 2sin\alpha ^{2}=1-cos2\alpha }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>2</mn> <mi>s</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> <msup> <mi>α</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>−</mo> <mi>c</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>s</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mi>α</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 2sin\alpha ^{2}=1-cos2\alpha }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/771fefd068da7e1cb9a0bd39bfc51e79322b46fe" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:19.968ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 2sin\alpha ^{2}=1-cos2\alpha }"></span>，則有</dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}V_{\mathrm {RMS} }^{2}&=V_{P}^{2}\times {{\frac {1}{2T}}\int _{0}^{T}[{1-\cos(2\omega t)]dt}}\\&=V_{P}^{2}\times {{\frac {1}{2T}}\int _{0}^{T}{dt}}\\&={\frac {V_{P}^{2}}{2}}\end{aligned}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtable columnalign="right left right left right left right left right left right left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em" displaystyle="true"> <mtr> <mtd> <msubsup> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">R</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">M</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">S</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> </mtd> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>P</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>×</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> <mo>−</mo> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd /> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>P</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>×</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd /> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msubsup> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>P</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}V_{\mathrm {RMS} }^{2}&=V_{P}^{2}\times {{\frac {1}{2T}}\int _{0}^{T}[{1-\cos(2\omega t)]dt}}\\&=V_{P}^{2}\times {{\frac {1}{2T}}\int _{0}^{T}{dt}}\\&={\frac {V_{P}^{2}}{2}}\end{aligned}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5760fcf4bd7593c1c4bbc88306e9f51f10b5575b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -8.838ex; width:38.475ex; height:18.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}V_{\mathrm {RMS} }^{2}&=V_{P}^{2}\times {{\frac {1}{2T}}\int _{0}^{T}[{1-\cos(2\omega t)]dt}}\\&=V_{P}^{2}\times {{\frac {1}{2T}}\int _{0}^{T}{dt}}\\&={\frac {V_{P}^{2}}{2}}\end{aligned}}}"></span></dd> <dd>其中<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}{\int _{0}^{T}[{1-\cos(2\omega t)]dt}}&={\int _{0}^{T}{dt}}+{\int _{0}^{T}{-\cos(2\omega t)dt}}\\&={\int _{0}^{T}{dt}}-{\int _{0}^{\frac {\pi }{\omega }}{\cos(2\omega t)dt}}\\\end{aligned}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtable columnalign="right left right left right left right left right left right left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em" displaystyle="true"> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> <mo>−</mo> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd /> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>−</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>π</mi> <mi>ω</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}{\int _{0}^{T}[{1-\cos(2\omega t)]dt}}&={\int _{0}^{T}{dt}}+{\int _{0}^{T}{-\cos(2\omega t)dt}}\\&={\int _{0}^{T}{dt}}-{\int _{0}^{\frac {\pi }{\omega }}{\cos(2\omega t)dt}}\\\end{aligned}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e514128f10de4bcc710871ddd50cc4285734472c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -6.005ex; width:49.42ex; height:13.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}{\int _{0}^{T}[{1-\cos(2\omega t)]dt}}&={\int _{0}^{T}{dt}}+{\int _{0}^{T}{-\cos(2\omega t)dt}}\\&={\int _{0}^{T}{dt}}-{\int _{0}^{\frac {\pi }{\omega }}{\cos(2\omega t)dt}}\\\end{aligned}}}"></span></dd> <dd>用<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E7%A7%AF%E5%88%86%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E5%AE%9A%E7%90%86" title="微积分基本定理">微積分基本定理</a>，得<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\int _{0}^{T}{dt}}-{\int _{0}^{\frac {\pi }{\omega }}{\cos(2\omega t)dt}}=t{\bigg |}_{0}^{T}-{\frac {1}{2}}sin(2\omega t){\bigg |}_{0}^{\frac {\pi }{\omega }}=T}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>−</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>π</mi> <mi>ω</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mi>t</mi> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo maxsize="2.047em" minsize="2.047em">|</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>−</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo maxsize="2.047em" minsize="2.047em">|</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>π</mi> <mi>ω</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>=</mo> <mi>T</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\int _{0}^{T}{dt}}-{\int _{0}^{\frac {\pi }{\omega }}{\cos(2\omega t)dt}}=t{\bigg |}_{0}^{T}-{\frac {1}{2}}sin(2\omega t){\bigg |}_{0}^{\frac {\pi }{\omega }}=T}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c1cb3265ac33fe7c24a5b32fbc5c39b9af24e855" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:50.948ex; height:6.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\int _{0}^{T}{dt}}-{\int _{0}^{\frac {\pi }{\omega }}{\cos(2\omega t)dt}}=t{\bigg |}_{0}^{T}-{\frac {1}{2}}sin(2\omega t){\bigg |}_{0}^{\frac {\pi }{\omega }}=T}"></span></dd> <dd>所以<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}V_{\mathrm {RMS} }&={\frac {V_{P}}{\sqrt {2}}}\end{aligned}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtable columnalign="right left right left right left right left right left right left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em" displaystyle="true"> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">R</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">M</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">S</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>P</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msqrt> <mn>2</mn> </msqrt> </mfrac> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}V_{\mathrm {RMS} }&={\frac {V_{P}}{\sqrt {2}}}\end{aligned}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/734ec56d3e95e818e77db041875bc8478408474e" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.255ex; margin-bottom: -0.25ex; width:13.002ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}V_{\mathrm {RMS} }&={\frac {V_{P}}{\sqrt {2}}}\end{aligned}}}"></span>，即<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V_{P}={\sqrt {2}}V_{RMS}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>P</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msqrt> <mn>2</mn> </msqrt> </mrow> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>R</mi> <mi>M</mi> <mi>S</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V_{P}={\sqrt {2}}V_{RMS}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/63aea39aff4fbe8b20c9a01c74f36440bb987505" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:14.64ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V_{P}={\sqrt {2}}V_{RMS}}"></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="電功率"><span id=".E9.9B.BB.E5.8A.9F.E7.8E.87"></span>電功率</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：電功率"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>單相電</dt></dl> <p>假設使用單相電連接到純電阻負載。 </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle v(t)=V\sin \omega t}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mi>V</mi> <mi>sin</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle v(t)=V\sin \omega t}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2a6da1979e89ced79af51c994842131f1d0beffd" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:14.577ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle v(t)=V\sin \omega t}"></span></dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle i(t)={\frac {v(t)}{R}}={\frac {V\sin \omega t}{R}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>i</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>R</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>V</mi> <mi>sin</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> <mi>R</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle i(t)={\frac {v(t)}{R}}={\frac {V\sin \omega t}{R}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/fee19be5fc551bc40bcf4dfe3e6634d4ddf305df" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:22.8ex; height:5.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle i(t)={\frac {v(t)}{R}}={\frac {V\sin \omega t}{R}}}"></span></dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p(t)=v(t)\ i(t)={\frac {V^{2}}{R}}\sin ^{2}\omega t}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>p</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mtext> </mtext> <mi>i</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msup> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>R</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> <msup> <mi>sin</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>⁡</mo> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p(t)=v(t)\ i(t)={\frac {V^{2}}{R}}\sin ^{2}\omega t}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7284707e69981a8f5e64caac50347708ed113d76" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:28.69ex; height:5.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p(t)=v(t)\ i(t)={\frac {V^{2}}{R}}\sin ^{2}\omega t}"></span></dd></dl> <p>根據冪簡約公式，可得知功率振蕩是電壓頻率的兩倍。使用50Hz或60Hz單相電時，電器的輸出功率會以100Hz或120Hz振蕩。不過，人類不會觀察到電燈在高頻閃爍，因為此數字高于肉眼所能捕捉的幀數。 </p><p>單相電的平均功率是 </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle P={\frac {1}{t_{2}-t_{1}}}\int _{t_{1}}^{t_{2}}p(t)\mathrm {d} t}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>P</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>−</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </msubsup> <mi>p</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> </mrow> <mi>t</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle P={\frac {1}{t_{2}-t_{1}}}\int _{t_{1}}^{t_{2}}p(t)\mathrm {d} t}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6cb373adf5a85dc060455094bbab51edd2d5f6f1" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.671ex; width:23.154ex; height:6.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle P={\frac {1}{t_{2}-t_{1}}}\int _{t_{1}}^{t_{2}}p(t)\mathrm {d} t}"></span></dd></dl> <p>若把常數忽略不計 </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}P&={{\frac {1}{T}}\int _{0}^{T}[{\sin(\omega t)]^{2}dt}}\\&={{\frac {1}{2T}}\int _{0}^{T}[{1-\cos(2\omega t)]dt}}\\&={{\frac {1}{2T}}\int _{0}^{T}{dt}}\\&={\frac {1}{2}}\end{aligned}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtable columnalign="right left right left right left right left right left right left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em" displaystyle="true"> <mtr> <mtd> <mi>P</mi> </mtd> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mi>T</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>sin</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <msup> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd /> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> <mo>−</mo> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd /> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd /> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}P&={{\frac {1}{T}}\int _{0}^{T}[{\sin(\omega t)]^{2}dt}}\\&={{\frac {1}{2T}}\int _{0}^{T}[{1-\cos(2\omega t)]dt}}\\&={{\frac {1}{2T}}\int _{0}^{T}{dt}}\\&={\frac {1}{2}}\end{aligned}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/23bcb59b8a140230864b27095cf6118aec647783" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -11.671ex; width:29.191ex; height:24.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}P&={{\frac {1}{T}}\int _{0}^{T}[{\sin(\omega t)]^{2}dt}}\\&={{\frac {1}{2T}}\int _{0}^{T}[{1-\cos(2\omega t)]dt}}\\&={{\frac {1}{2T}}\int _{0}^{T}{dt}}\\&={\frac {1}{2}}\end{aligned}}}"></span></dd></dl> <dl><dt>兩相電</dt></dl> <p>兩相發電機的繞組以十字型分布，所以相差是90°，而不是180°。它的總功率是恆定的，每個相位需要2根電線，共4根。若容許使用兩款不同截面的電線，則可採用1根較大的共用中線（common neutral）代替2根中線，此時共需3根電線。 </p><p>相角<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \theta =\omega t=2\pi ft}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>θ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> <mi>f</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \theta =\omega t=2\pi ft}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e1cedec8ea50e7d65b94c86cadbf45f87f734308" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:14.185ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \theta =\omega t=2\pi ft}"></span> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}p(t)&=p_{1}+p_{2}\\&=\sin ^{2}\theta +\sin ^{2}(\theta +{\frac {\pi }{2}})\\&=\sin ^{2}\theta +\cos ^{2}\theta \\&=1\end{aligned}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtable columnalign="right left right left right left right left right left right left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em" displaystyle="true"> <mtr> <mtd> <mi>p</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mtd> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd /> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mi>sin</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>⁡</mo> <mi>θ</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>sin</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>θ</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>π</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd /> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mi>sin</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>⁡</mo> <mi>θ</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>cos</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>⁡</mo> <mi>θ</mi> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd /> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}p(t)&=p_{1}+p_{2}\\&=\sin ^{2}\theta +\sin ^{2}(\theta +{\frac {\pi }{2}})\\&=\sin ^{2}\theta +\cos ^{2}\theta \\&=1\end{aligned}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1e18394ec982e3ccf7e6c81ed727326b19a5e333" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -6.505ex; width:27.714ex; height:14.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}p(t)&=p_{1}+p_{2}\\&=\sin ^{2}\theta +\sin ^{2}(\theta +{\frac {\pi }{2}})\\&=\sin ^{2}\theta +\cos ^{2}\theta \\&=1\end{aligned}}}"></span></dd></dl> <dl><dt>三相電</dt></dl> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%89%E7%9B%B8%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB%E6%A9%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="三相發電機（页面不存在）">三相發電機</a>的輸出電壓具有120°相差，恆定的總功率，且共用中線的電流為零，即不需安裝中線。每個相位只需要1根相線，共3根。三相電力系統具備最佳的經濟效益，這是世界各國均採用三相電的主要原因。 </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}p(t)&=p_{1}+p_{2}+p_{3}\\&=\sin ^{2}\theta +\sin ^{2}\left(\theta -{\frac {2\pi }{3}}\right)+\sin ^{2}\left(\theta +{\frac {2\pi }{3}}\right)\\&={\frac {1}{2}}[1-\cos 2\theta +1-\cos 2(\theta -{\frac {2\pi }{3}})+1-\cos 2(\theta +{\frac {2\pi }{3}})]\\&={\frac {1}{2}}[3-\cos 2\theta -2\cos 2\theta \cos {\frac {4\pi }{3}}]\\&={\frac {1}{2}}[3-\cos 2\theta +\cos 2\theta ]\\&={\frac {3}{2}}\end{aligned}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtable columnalign="right left right left right left right left right left right left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em" displaystyle="true"> <mtr> <mtd> <mi>p</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mtd> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd /> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mi>sin</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>⁡</mo> <mi>θ</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>sin</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>⁡</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>θ</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>sin</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>⁡</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>θ</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd /> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>−</mo> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>θ</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>−</mo> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>θ</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>−</mo> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>θ</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd /> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo>−</mo> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>θ</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>θ</mi> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd /> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo>−</mo> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>θ</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>θ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd /> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>3</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}p(t)&=p_{1}+p_{2}+p_{3}\\&=\sin ^{2}\theta +\sin ^{2}\left(\theta -{\frac {2\pi }{3}}\right)+\sin ^{2}\left(\theta +{\frac {2\pi }{3}}\right)\\&={\frac {1}{2}}[1-\cos 2\theta +1-\cos 2(\theta -{\frac {2\pi }{3}})+1-\cos 2(\theta +{\frac {2\pi }{3}})]\\&={\frac {1}{2}}[3-\cos 2\theta -2\cos 2\theta \cos {\frac {4\pi }{3}}]\\&={\frac {1}{2}}[3-\cos 2\theta +\cos 2\theta ]\\&={\frac {3}{2}}\end{aligned}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/8a8aa915164cc6c532b80c4ade705f895eff141c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -14.838ex; width:61.864ex; height:30.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}p(t)&=p_{1}+p_{2}+p_{3}\\&=\sin ^{2}\theta +\sin ^{2}\left(\theta -{\frac {2\pi }{3}}\right)+\sin ^{2}\left(\theta +{\frac {2\pi }{3}}\right)\\&={\frac {1}{2}}[1-\cos 2\theta +1-\cos 2(\theta -{\frac {2\pi }{3}})+1-\cos 2(\theta +{\frac {2\pi }{3}})]\\&={\frac {1}{2}}[3-\cos 2\theta -2\cos 2\theta \cos {\frac {4\pi }{3}}]\\&={\frac {1}{2}}[3-\cos 2\theta +\cos 2\theta ]\\&={\frac {3}{2}}\end{aligned}}}"></span></dd></dl> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}i(t)&=i_{1}+i_{2}+i_{3}\\&=\sin \theta +\sin(\theta -{\frac {2\pi }{3}})+\sin(\theta +{\frac {2\pi }{3}})\\&=\sin \theta +2\sin \theta \cos {\frac {2\pi }{3}}\\&=\sin \theta -\sin \theta \\&=0\end{aligned}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtable columnalign="right left right left right left right left right left right left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em" displaystyle="true"> <mtr> <mtd> <mi>i</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mtd> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>i</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>i</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>i</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd /> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>sin</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mi>θ</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>sin</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>θ</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mi>sin</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>θ</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd /> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>sin</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mi>θ</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>sin</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mi>θ</mi> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd /> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>sin</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mi>θ</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>sin</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mi>θ</mi> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd /> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}i(t)&=i_{1}+i_{2}+i_{3}\\&=\sin \theta +\sin(\theta -{\frac {2\pi }{3}})+\sin(\theta +{\frac {2\pi }{3}})\\&=\sin \theta +2\sin \theta \cos {\frac {2\pi }{3}}\\&=\sin \theta -\sin \theta \\&=0\end{aligned}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c508d800e9d08530eb15a9a3e7fa73747f1cb751" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -9.338ex; width:41.168ex; height:19.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}i(t)&=i_{1}+i_{2}+i_{3}\\&=\sin \theta +\sin(\theta -{\frac {2\pi }{3}})+\sin(\theta +{\frac {2\pi }{3}})\\&=\sin \theta +2\sin \theta \cos {\frac {2\pi }{3}}\\&=\sin \theta -\sin \theta \\&=0\end{aligned}}}"></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="發電機"><span id=".E7.99.BC.E9.9B.BB.E6.A9.9F"></span>發電機</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：發電機"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alternator_1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Alternator_1.svg/220px-Alternator_1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="244" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Alternator_1.svg/330px-Alternator_1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Alternator_1.svg/440px-Alternator_1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="454" data-file-height="504" /></a><figcaption>旋轉磁場發電機</figcaption></figure> <p>交流發電機通常採用旋轉磁場設計，電樞靜止，這樣便不需要使用電刷和滑環取電。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5%E9%A6%AC%E9%81%94" class="mw-redirect" title="同步馬達">同步發電機</a>的磁場來自<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E4%B9%85%E7%A3%81%E9%90%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="永久磁鐵">永久磁鐵</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E7%A3%81%E9%90%B5" title="電磁鐵">電磁鐵</a>。發電廠使用的大型同步發電機可透過控制勵磁系統（電磁鐵）來改變輸出電壓及無功功率。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%82%E6%AD%A5%E7%94%B5%E5%8A%A8%E6%9C%BA" title="异步电动机">非同步發電機</a>沒有磁石，利用定子與轉子間氣隙旋轉磁場，與轉子繞組中感應電流相互作用來發電。非同步發電機需要<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AE%B9" title="電容">電容</a>或同步發電機提供無功功率才可以運作，因此通常不能黑啟動，即是不借助外部電力來啟動。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="电力传输"><span id=".E7.94.B5.E5.8A.9B.E4.BC.A0.E8.BE.93"></span>电力传输</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：电力传输"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>交流电被广泛运用于<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%8A%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="电力">电力</a>的传输，因为在以往的技术条件下交流输电比直流输电更有效率。传输的<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E6%B5%81" title="电流">电流</a>在导线上的耗散<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%9F%E7%8E%87" title="功率">功率</a>可用<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E8%80%B3%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="焦耳定律">焦耳定律</a>（<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle P=I^{2}R}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>P</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>R</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle P=I^{2}R}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c7bed4a958579256904b5a8728616b2100c1d8f5" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:8.879ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle P=I^{2}R}"></span>）求得，显然要降低能量损耗需要降低传输的电流或电线的<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E9%98%BB" title="电阻">电阻</a>。由于成本和技术所限，很难降低目前使用的输电线路（如铜线）的电阻，所以降低传输的电流是唯一而且有效的方法。根据P=IU（实际上<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E5%8A%9F%E5%8A%9F%E7%8E%87" class="mw-redirect" title="有功功率">有功功率</a><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle P=IU\cos \phi }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>P</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>I</mi> <mi>U</mi> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mi>ϕ</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle P=IU\cos \phi }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/40101be42c53bdd69277f71b52e6bc32fc539442" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:13.069ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle P=IU\cos \phi }"></span>），提高电网的电压即可降低导线中的电流，以达到节约能源的目的。 </p><p>而交流电升降压容易的特点正好适合实现高压输电。使用结构简单的升压<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%98%E5%8E%8B%E5%99%A8" title="变压器">变压器</a>即可将交流电升至几千至几十万<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9" title="伏特">伏特</a>，从而使电线上的电力损失极少。在城市内一般使用降压变压器将电压降至几万至几千伏以保证安全，在进户之前再次降低至市电电压或者适用的电压供用电器使用。 </p><p>隨着<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%8A%9B%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E5%AD%A6" title="电力电子学">電力電子學</a>的發展，愈來愈多長距離輸電採用<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%A3%93%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BC%B8%E9%9B%BB" title="高壓直流輸電">高壓直流輸電</a>（HVDC），直流電<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%9F%E7%8E%87%E5%9B%A0%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="功率因素">功率因素</a>是1，效率更高。在<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%B8%E9%AD%9A%E5%B7%9D%E9%9D%9C%E5%B2%A1%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E7%B7%9A" title="糸魚川靜岡構造線">糸魚川靜岡構造線</a>以東為50Hz、以西為60Hz，在靜岡縣與長野縣設有三處頻率轉換變電所聯網，而本州與北海道及四國間則以海底HVDC連結。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="交流電相位分類"><span id=".E4.BA.A4.E6.B5.81.E9.9B.BB.E7.9B.B8.E4.BD.8D.E5.88.86.E9.A1.9E"></span>交流電相位分類</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：交流電相位分類"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>目前各國使用的交流电相位主要為單相及三相。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="單相电"><span id=".E5.96.AE.E7.9B.B8.E7.94.B5"></span>單相电</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：單相电"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E7%9B%B8%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="單相交流電">單相交流電</a></div> <p>單相交流電，其电缆有一条火线和一条中線，用於一般住宅及商業樓宇。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="三相电"><span id=".E4.B8.89.E7.9B.B8.E7.94.B5"></span>三相电</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：三相电"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%9B%B8%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E7%94%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="三相交流电">三相交流电</a></div> <p>三相交流电，輸電時只有三条火线，供電給客戶時有三条火线和中線。只使用其中一条相线及中線，便是單相電。 </p><p>三条火线上的<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%B3%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="正弦波">正弦波</a>各有120°<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E4%BD%8D%E5%B7%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="相位差">相位差</a>，主要為工業用。 </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V_{\mathrm {AN} }=220\angle 0^{\circ }}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>220</mn> <mi mathvariant="normal">∠</mi> <msup> <mn>0</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>∘</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V_{\mathrm {AN} }=220\angle 0^{\circ }}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/8ac5d9a7e0f5cfce26c44919e2cc5b2dc825afbf" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:14.533ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V_{\mathrm {AN} }=220\angle 0^{\circ }}"></span></dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V_{\mathrm {BN} }=220\angle 120^{\circ }}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">B</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>220</mn> <mi mathvariant="normal">∠</mi> <msup> <mn>120</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>∘</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V_{\mathrm {BN} }=220\angle 120^{\circ }}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/09e396916e3d5452611ff8c8ba7f0d47eeabb0d0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:16.789ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V_{\mathrm {BN} }=220\angle 120^{\circ }}"></span></dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V_{\mathrm {CN} }=220\angle 240^{\circ }}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>220</mn> <mi mathvariant="normal">∠</mi> <msup> <mn>240</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>∘</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V_{\mathrm {CN} }=220\angle 240^{\circ }}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6717d3042c27b4d3e2659a3781313e0db62ae4a4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:16.812ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V_{\mathrm {CN} }=220\angle 240^{\circ }}"></span></dd></dl> <p>如果相電壓是220V，線電壓則是380V。 </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V_{\mathrm {AB} }=380}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">B</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>380</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V_{\mathrm {AB} }=380}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a79588281bd642b28fc4fd4f7caac517a6a9baee" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:10.569ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V_{\mathrm {AB} }=380}"></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參看"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E7.9C.8B"></span>參看</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：參看"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portal plainlist tright" style="margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px"> <ul style="display:table;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0.1em;max-width:175px;background:var(--background-color-base,#f9f9f9);font-size:85%;line-height:110%;font-weight:bold"> <li 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class="external text" href="http://pdfpiw.uspto.gov/.piw?Docid=00447921&homeurl=http%3A%2F%2Fpatft.uspto.gov%2Fnetacgi%2Fnph-Parser%3FSect2%3DPTO1%2526Sect2%3DHITOFF%2526p%3D1%2526u%3D%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html%2526r%3D1%2526f%3DG%2526l%3D50%2526d%3DPALL%2526S1%3D0447921.PN.%2526OS%3DPN%2F447921%2526RS%3DPN%2F447921&PageNum=&Rtype=&SectionNum=&idkey=NONE&Input=View+first+page">ALTERNATING ELEGTRIO CURRENT GENERATOR.</a>. 美国专利及商标局. 1891-03-10 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-11-28</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201205195710/https://pdfpiw.uspto.gov/.piw?Docid=00447921&homeurl=http%3A%2F%2Fpatft.uspto.gov%2Fnetacgi%2Fnph-Parser%3FSect2%3DPTO1%2526Sect2%3DHITOFF%2526p%3D1%2526u%3D%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html%2526r%3D1%2526f%3DG%2526l%3D50%2526d%3DPALL%2526S1%3D0447921.PN.%2526OS%3DPN%2F447921%2526RS%3DPN%2F447921&PageNum=&Rtype=&SectionNum=&idkey=NONE&Input=View+first+page">存档</a>于2020-12-05） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB&rft.atitle=ALTERNATING+ELEGTRIO+CURRENT+GENERATOR.&rft.date=1891-03-10&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%93%E5%88%A9%E5%8F%8A%E5%95%86%E6%A0%87%E5%B1%80&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpdfpiw.uspto.gov%2F.piw%3FDocid%3D00447921%26homeurl%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Fpatft.uspto.gov%252Fnetacgi%252Fnph-Parser%253FSect2%253DPTO1%252526Sect2%253DHITOFF%252526p%253D1%252526u%253D%252Fnetahtml%252FPTO%252Fsearch-bool.html%252526r%253D1%252526f%253DG%252526l%253D50%252526d%253DPALL%252526S1%253D0447921.PN.%252526OS%253DPN%252F447921%252526RS%253DPN%252F447921%26PageNum%3D%26Rtype%3D%26SectionNum%3D%26idkey%3DNONE%26Input%3DView%2Bfirst%2Bpage&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>"<i>Alternating Current: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100610210051/http://www.magnet.fsu.edu/education/tutorials/java/ac/index.html">Alternating Current</a></i>". Interactive Java tutorial explaining alternating current. （National High Magnetic Field Laboratory）</li> <li>"<i>AC/DC: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/edison/sfeature/acdc.html">What's the Difference</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150109010846/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/edison/sfeature/acdc.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）?</i>". Edison's Miracle of Light, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/index.html">American Experience</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20080721102822/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/index.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）. (<a href="/wiki/PBS" class="mw-redirect" title="PBS">PBS</a>)</li> <li>"<i>AC/DC: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/edison/sfeature/acdc_insideacgenerator.html">Inside the AC Generator</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20080716063837/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/edison/sfeature/acdc_insideacgenerator.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</i>". Edison's Miracle of Light, American Experience. (PBS)</li> <li>Kuphaldt, Tony R., "<i>Lessons In Electric Circuits : <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.faqs.org/docs/electric/AC/index.html">Volume II - AC</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20080725150554/http://www.faqs.org/docs/electric/AC/index.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</i>". March 8, 2003. (Design Science License)</li> <li>Nave, C. R., "<i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/accircon.html">Alternating Current Circuits Concepts</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20080721222603/http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/accircon.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</i>". HyperPhysics.</li> <li>"<i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ndt.net/article/az/mpi/alternating_current.htm">Alternating Current</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20080209215206/http://www.ndt.net/article/az/mpi/alternating_current.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）（AC）</i>". Magnetic Particle Inspection, Nondestructive Testing Encyclopedia.</li> <li>"<i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051028183613/http://www.apcs.net.au/nav/article/fg40400.html">Alternating current</a></i>". Analog Process Control Services.</li> <li>Hiob, Eric, "<i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.math.bcit.ca/examples/elex/trig_vectors/">An Application of Trigonometry and Vectors to Alternating Current</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20051124142439/http://www.math.bcit.ca/examples/elex/trig_vectors/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</i>". British Columbia Institute of Technology, 2004.</li> <li>"<i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040206165242/http://www.tpub.com/neets/book2/index.htm">Introduction to alternating current and transformers</a></i>". Integrated Publishing.</li> <li>"<i>Wind Energy Reference Manual Part 4: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090830125006/http://www.windpower.org/EN/stat/unitsac.htm">Electricity</a></i>". Danish Wind Industry Association, 2003.</li> <li>Chan. Keelin, "<i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040405163938/http://www.jcphysics.com/toolbox_indiv.php?sub_id=17">Alternating current Tools</a></i>". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131029210445/http://www.jcphysics.com/">JC Physics</a>, 2002.</li> <li>Williams, Trip "Kingpin", "<i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alpharubicon.com/altenergy/understandingAC.htm">Understanding Alternating Current</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20080517044456/http://www.alpharubicon.com/altenergy/understandingAC.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, Some more power concepts</i>".</li> <li>"<i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://salestores.com/worldvol.html">Table of Voltage, Frequency, TV Broadcasting system, Radio Broadcasting, by Country</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20080919235226/http://salestores.com/worldvol.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</i>".</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.technology.niagarac.on.ca/people/mcsele/Rankine.html">Professor Mark Csele's tour of the 25 Hz Rankine generating station</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20080617204313/http://www.technology.niagarac.on.ca/people/mcsele/Rankine.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.henkpasman.com/id1.html">50/60 hertz information</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20080908010657/http://www.henkpasman.com/id1.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.phys.unsw.edu.au/~jw/AC.html">AC circuits</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20070227152912/http://www.phys.unsw.edu.au/~jw/AC.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） Animations and explanations of vector（phasor）representation of RLC circuits</li> <li>Blalock, Thomas J., "<i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070607042254/http://www.ieee.org/organizations/pes/public/2003/sep/peshistory.html">The Frequency Changer Era: Interconnecting Systems of Varying Cycles</a></i>". The history of various frequencies and interconversion schemes in the US at the beginning of the 20th century</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:" :"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf;position:relative}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em;width:auto;padding-left:0.2em;position:absolute;left:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{margin-left:0.5em;position:absolute;right:1em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="供電" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BE%9B%E9%9B%BB" title="Template:供電"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E4%BE%9B%E9%9B%BB" title="Template talk:供電"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E4%BE%9B%E9%9B%BB" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:供電"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="供電" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">供電</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">電學概念</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%8A%9B" title="電力">電力</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%A3%93" title="電壓">電壓</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E6%B5%81" title="电流">电流</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E9%A2%91" title="工频">工频</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%8A%9F%E7%8E%87" title="電功率">電功率</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E7%94%B5%E5%8A%9F%E7%8E%87" title="交流电功率">交流電功率</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%9F%E7%8E%87%E5%9B%A0%E6%95%B0" title="功率因数">功率因數</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%A3%93%E9%9B%BB" title="高壓電">高壓電</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB" title="直流電">直流電</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">交流電</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E7%9B%B8%E9%9B%BB" title="單相電">單相電</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%9B%B8%E9%9B%BB" title="三相電">三相電</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%8D%E5%AE%9A%E5%AE%B9%E9%87%8F" title="額定容量">額定容量</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%9B%B8_(%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%A6)" title="三相 (电学)">三相</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%80%A7%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94" title="中性導體">中線</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A5%E5%9C%B0" title="接地">接地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%AD%E8%B7%AF%E6%AF%94_(%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB%E6%A9%9F)" title="短路比 (發電機)">短路比</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="需求因數" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Demand factor"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9C%80%E6%B1%82%E5%9B%A0%E6%95%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="需求因數（页面不存在）">需求因數</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demand_factor" class="extiw" title="en:Demand factor"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Demand factor</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="供電質素" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Electric power quality"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BE%9B%E9%9B%BB%E8%B3%AA%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="供電質素（页面不存在）">供電質素</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_power_quality" class="extiw" title="en:Electric power quality"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Electric power quality</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%8A%9B%E6%BD%AE%E6%B5%81" title="電力潮流">電力潮流</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">能量來源</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%8F%AF%E5%86%8D%E7%94%9F%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90" title="不可再生能源">不可再生</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%85%A4" title="煤">煤</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6%E6%B0%94" title="天然气">天然气</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9" title="石油">石油</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E5%8B%95%E5%8A%9B" title="核動力">核動力</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E5%86%8D%E7%94%9F%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90" title="可再生能源">可再生</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="高變動性再生能源" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Variable renewable energy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%AB%98%E8%AE%8A%E5%8B%95%E6%80%A7%E5%86%8D%E7%94%9F%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="高變動性再生能源（页面不存在）">高變動性再生能源</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable_renewable_energy" class="extiw" title="en:Variable renewable energy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Variable renewable energy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8" title="生物质">生物质</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%87%83%E6%96%99" title="生物燃料">生物燃料</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%86%B1%E8%83%BD%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB" title="地熱能發電">地熱能</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E5%8A%9B%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB" title="水力發電">水力</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E8%83%BD" title="海洋能">海洋能</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%B5%81%E8%83%BD" title="海流能">海流能</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%B0%B4%E9%B9%BD%E5%B7%AE%E8%83%BD" title="海水鹽差能">海水鹽差能</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%B0%B4%E6%BA%AB%E5%B7%AE%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB" title="海水溫差發電">海水溫差</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E6%B1%90%E8%83%BD" title="潮汐能">潮汐能</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%B5%AA%E8%83%BD" title="波浪能">波浪能</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E8%83%BD%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB" title="太陽能發電">太陽能</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%A8%E8%83%BD" title="風能">風能</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB" title="發電">發電</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">發電廠及設備</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%8A%9B%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB%E5%BB%A0" title="火力發電廠">火力發電廠</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E8%83%BD%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB%E5%BB%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="核能發電廠">核能發電廠</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%8E%E5%8A%9B%E5%8F%91%E7%94%B5%E5%9C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="风力发电场">風力發電場</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="太陽能發電場" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Photovoltaic power station"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E8%83%BD%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB%E5%A0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="太陽能發電場（页面不存在）">太陽能發電場</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_power_station" class="extiw" title="en:Photovoltaic power station"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Photovoltaic power station</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E6%B1%90%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB" title="潮汐發電">潮汐發電廠</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E8%B2%A0%E8%BC%89%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB%E5%BB%A0" title="基本負載發電廠">基本負載發電廠</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%96%E5%B3%B0%E8%B2%A0%E8%BC%89%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB%E5%BB%A0" title="尖峰負載發電廠">尖峰負載發電廠</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="負載追隨發電廠" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Load following power plant"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B2%A0%E8%BC%89%E8%BF%BD%E9%9A%A8%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB%E5%BB%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="負載追隨發電廠（页面不存在）">負載追隨發電廠</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load_following_power_plant" class="extiw" title="en:Load following power plant"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Load following power plant</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%BD%E6%B0%B4%E8%93%84%E8%83%BD%E7%94%B5%E7%AB%99" title="抽水蓄能电站">抽水蓄能电站</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%99%9B%E6%93%AC%E9%9B%BB%E5%BB%A0" title="虛擬電廠">虛擬電廠</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B7%E5%8D%BB%E5%A1%94" title="冷卻塔">冷卻塔</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="異步發電機" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Induction generator"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%95%B0%E6%AD%A5%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB%E6%A9%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="異步發電機（页面不存在）">異步發電機</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induction_generator" class="extiw" title="en:Induction generator"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Induction generator</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E5%9E%8B%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB" title="微型發電">微型發電</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">發電理論</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E7%94%B5%E8%81%94%E4%BA%A7" title="热电联产">热电联产</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E5%9E%8B%E7%83%AD%E7%94%B5%E8%81%94%E4%BA%A7" title="微型热电联产">微型热电联产</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF" title="联合循环">联合循环</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%97%E8%82%AF%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF" title="朗肯循环">朗肯循环</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E6%95%A3%E5%BC%8F%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB" title="分散式發電">分散式發電</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="可用率因數" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Availability factor"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%AF%E7%94%A8%E7%8E%87%E5%9B%A0%E6%95%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="可用率因數（页面不存在）">可用率因數</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Availability_factor" class="extiw" title="en:Availability factor"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Availability factor</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="自動發電控制" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Automatic generation control"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E5%8B%95%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自動發電控制（页面不存在）">自動發電控制</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_generation_control" class="extiw" title="en:Automatic generation control"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Automatic generation control</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="發電機啟停順序" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Merit order"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB%E6%A9%9F%E5%95%9F%E5%81%9C%E9%A0%86%E5%BA%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="發電機啟停順序（页面不存在）">發電機啟停順序</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merit_order" class="extiw" title="en:Merit order"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Merit order</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8B%E5%9E%82%E9%80%9F%E5%BA%A6%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="下垂速度控制">下垂速度控制</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="能源投入回報比" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Energy return on investment"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E6%8A%95%E5%85%A5%E5%9B%9E%E5%A0%B1%E6%AF%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="能源投入回報比（页面不存在）">能源投入回報比</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_return_on_investment" class="extiw" title="en:Energy return on investment"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Energy return on investment</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="短路比 (電網)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Short circuit ratio (electrical grid)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%AD%E8%B7%AF%E6%AF%94_(%E9%9B%BB%E7%B6%B2)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="短路比 (電網)（页面不存在）">短路比 (電網)</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_circuit_ratio_(electrical_grid)" class="extiw" title="en:Short circuit ratio (electrical grid)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Short circuit ratio (electrical grid)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%A0%E8%BC%89%E5%9B%A0%E6%95%B8" title="負載因數">負載因數</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="增容改造" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Repowering"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A2%9E%E5%AE%B9%E6%94%B9%E9%80%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="增容改造（页面不存在）">增容改造</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repowering" class="extiw" title="en:Repowering"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Repowering</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="頂峰需求" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Peak demand"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A0%82%E5%B3%B0%E9%9C%80%E6%B1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="頂峰需求（页面不存在）">頂峰需求</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peak_demand" class="extiw" title="en:Peak demand"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Peak demand</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%B9%E9%87%8F%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90" title="容量因子">容量因子</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">輸電</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%8A%9B%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="電力系統">電力系統</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%B8%E9%9B%BB%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="輸電系統">輸電系統</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%8D%E9%9B%BB%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="配電系統">配電系統</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%B8%E9%9B%BB%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF" title="輸電網路">輸電網路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%80%E9%87%8F%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89" title="需量反應">需求反應</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="動態需求" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dynamic demand (electric power)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8B%95%E6%85%8B%E9%9C%80%E6%B1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="動態需求（页面不存在）">動態需求</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_demand_(electric_power)" class="extiw" title="en:Dynamic demand (electric power)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dynamic demand (electric power)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="電力銷售" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Electricity retailing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%BB%E5%8A%9B%E9%8A%B7%E5%94%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="電力銷售（页面不存在）">電力銷售</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_retailing" class="extiw" title="en:Electricity retailing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Electricity retailing</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%8D%E7%BA%BF_(%E7%94%B5%E5%8A%9B)" title="母线 (电力)">匯流排</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%A3%93%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BC%B8%E9%9B%BB" title="高壓直流輸電">高壓直流輸電</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="岸電 (輸電)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="High-voltage shore connection"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B2%B8%E9%9B%BB_(%E8%BC%B8%E9%9B%BB)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="岸電 (輸電)（页面不存在）">岸電</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-voltage_shore_connection" class="extiw" title="en:High-voltage shore connection"><span lang="en" dir="auto">High-voltage shore connection</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="負載管理" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Load management"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B2%A0%E8%BC%89%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="負載管理（页面不存在）">負載管理</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load_management" class="extiw" title="en:Load management"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Load management</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%B6%E7%94%A8%E9%9B%BB%E6%BA%90%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="家用電源列表">家用電源列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%B6%E7%A9%BA%E9%9B%BB%E7%BA%9C" title="架空電纜">架空電纜</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%A8%E8%83%BD%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="储能技术">储能技术</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E6%85%A7%E9%9B%BB%E7%B6%B2" title="智慧電網">智慧電網</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%8A%E9%9B%BB%E6%89%80" title="變電所">變電所</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="單線地迴路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Single-wire earth return"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%96%AE%E7%B7%9A%E5%9C%B0%E8%BF%B4%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="單線地迴路（页面不存在）">單線地迴路</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-wire_earth_return" class="extiw" title="en:Single-wire earth return"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Single-wire earth return</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E7%B4%9A%E9%9B%BB%E7%B6%B2" title="超級電網">超級電網</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%98%E5%8E%8B%E5%99%A8" title="变压器">变压器</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="輸電系統操作商" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Transmission system operator"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BC%B8%E9%9B%BB%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E5%95%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="輸電系統操作商（页面不存在）">輸電系統操作商</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_system_operator" class="extiw" title="en:Transmission system operator"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Transmission system operator</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="輸電塔" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Transmission tower"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BC%B8%E9%9B%BB%E5%A1%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="輸電塔（页面不存在）">輸電塔</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_tower" class="extiw" title="en:Transmission tower"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Transmission tower</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E7%BA%BF%E6%9D%86" title="电线杆">电线杆</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="電流反饋" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Backfeeding"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%BB%E6%B5%81%E5%8F%8D%E9%A5%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="電流反饋（页面不存在）">電流反饋</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backfeeding" class="extiw" title="en:Backfeeding"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Backfeeding</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E8%AA%BF%E5%BA%A6" title="經濟調度">經濟調度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E9%9C%80%E6%B1%82%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86" title="能源需求管理">能源需求管理</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="家用儲能" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Home energy storage"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%B6%E7%94%A8%E5%84%B2%E8%83%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="家用儲能（页面不存在）">家用儲能</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_energy_storage" class="extiw" title="en:Home energy storage"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Home energy storage</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E7%B6%B2%E5%84%B2%E8%83%BD" title="電網儲能">電網儲能</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="電力守則" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Grid code"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%BB%E5%8A%9B%E5%AE%88%E5%89%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="電力守則（页面不存在）">電力守則</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid_code" class="extiw" title="en:Grid code"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Grid code</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%8A%9B%E6%BD%AE%E6%B5%81" title="電力潮流">電力潮流</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">故障</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%8A%9B%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1%E6%95%85%E9%9A%9C" title="電力系統故障">電力系統故障</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%A3%93%E9%A9%9F%E9%99%8D" title="電壓驟降">電壓驟降</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%9C%E9%9B%BB" title="停電">停電</a> (<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="分區輪流供電" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Rolling blackout"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%86%E5%8D%80%E8%BC%AA%E6%B5%81%E4%BE%9B%E9%9B%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="分區輪流供電（页面不存在）">分區輪流供電</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_blackout" class="extiw" title="en:Rolling blackout"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Rolling blackout</span></a></span>）</span></span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%90%E9%9B%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="限電">限電</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="全黑啟動" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Black start"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%A8%E9%BB%91%E5%95%9F%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="全黑啟動（页面不存在）">全黑啟動</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_start" class="extiw" title="en:Black start"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Black start</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="連鎖故障" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cascading failure"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%A3%E9%8E%96%E6%95%85%E9%9A%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="連鎖故障（页面不存在）">連鎖故障</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascading_failure" class="extiw" title="en:Cascading failure"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cascading failure</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A5%E5%9C%B0%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="接地系统">接地系統</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">繼電保護</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="繼電保護" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Power-system protection"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B9%BC%E9%9B%BB%E4%BF%9D%E8%AD%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="繼電保護（页面不存在）">繼電保護</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power-system_protection" class="extiw" title="en:Power-system protection"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Power-system protection</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E6%8A%A4%E7%BB%A7%E7%94%B5%E5%99%A8" title="保护继电器">保护继电器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B7%E8%B7%AF%E5%99%A8" title="斷路器">斷路器</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="六氟化硫斷路器" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sulfur hexafluoride circuit breaker"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AD%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%AB%E6%96%B7%E8%B7%AF%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="六氟化硫斷路器（页面不存在）">六氟化硫斷路器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfur_hexafluoride_circuit_breaker" class="extiw" title="en:Sulfur hexafluoride circuit breaker"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sulfur hexafluoride circuit breaker</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="電弧切斷器" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Arc-fault circuit interrupter"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%BB%E5%BC%A7%E5%88%87%E6%96%B7%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="電弧切斷器（页面不存在）">電弧切斷器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arc-fault_circuit_interrupter" class="extiw" title="en:Arc-fault circuit interrupter"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Arc-fault circuit interrupter</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="漏電斷路器 (斷路器)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Earth leakage circuit breaker"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BC%8F%E9%9B%BB%E6%96%B7%E8%B7%AF%E5%99%A8_(%E6%96%B7%E8%B7%AF%E5%99%A8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="漏電斷路器 (斷路器)（页面不存在）">漏電斷路器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_leakage_circuit_breaker" class="extiw" title="en:Earth leakage circuit breaker"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Earth leakage circuit breaker</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A5%E5%9C%B0%E6%BC%8F%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%9D%E6%8A%A4%E6%8F%92%E5%BA%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="接地漏电保护插座">接地漏电保护插座</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">經濟與政策</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AF%80%E7%B4%84%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90" title="節約能源">節約能源</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="碳抵消" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Carbon offset"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A2%B3%E6%8A%B5%E6%B6%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="碳抵消（页面不存在）">碳抵消</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_offset" class="extiw" title="en:Carbon offset"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Carbon offset</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%91%E7%94%B5%E6%88%90%E6%9C%AC" title="发电成本">发电成本</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E6%85%8B%E7%A8%85" title="生態稅">生態稅</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="能源補貼" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Energy subsidy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E8%A3%9C%E8%B2%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="能源補貼（页面不存在）">能源補貼</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_subsidy" class="extiw" title="en:Energy subsidy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Energy subsidy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E7%BD%91%E7%94%B5%E4%BB%B7%E8%A1%A5%E8%B4%B4%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" title="上网电价补贴政策">上网电价补贴政策</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E7%9F%B3%E7%87%83%E6%96%99%E6%B7%98%E6%B1%B0" title="化石燃料淘汰">化石燃料淘汰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%80%E8%AE%A1%E9%87%8F%E7%94%B5%E4%BB%B7" title="净计量电价">净计量电价</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%87%E5%8F%A4%E7%A8%8E" title="庇古税">庇古税</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E5%86%8D%E7%94%9F%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E8%AF%81%E4%B9%A6" title="可再生能源证书">可再生能源證書</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="可再生能源收費" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Renewable Energy Payments"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%AF%E5%86%8D%E7%94%9F%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E6%94%B6%E8%B2%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="可再生能源收費（页面不存在）">可再生能源收費</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_Energy_Payments" class="extiw" title="en:Renewable Energy Payments"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Renewable Energy Payments</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E5%86%8D%E7%94%9F%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E5%95%86%E4%B8%9A%E5%8C%96" title="可再生能源商业化">可再生能源商业化</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="火花價差" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Spark spread"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E8%8A%B1%E5%83%B9%E5%B7%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="火花價差（页面不存在）">火花價差</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spark_spread" class="extiw" title="en:Spark spread"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Spark spread</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="潔淨電力計畫" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Clean Power Plan"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BD%94%E6%B7%A8%E9%9B%BB%E5%8A%9B%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="潔淨電力計畫（页面不存在）">潔淨電力計畫</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean_Power_Plan" class="extiw" title="en:Clean Power Plan"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Clean Power Plan</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E6%A0%B8%E8%83%BD%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" title="各国核能政策">各国核能政策</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">統計</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="各國電力行業" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of electricity sectors"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%84%E5%9C%8B%E9%9B%BB%E5%8A%9B%E8%A1%8C%E6%A5%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="各國電力行業（页面不存在）">各國電力行業</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_electricity_sectors" class="extiw" title="en:List of electricity sectors"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of electricity sectors</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="電力使用量" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Electric energy consumption"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%BB%E5%8A%9B%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E9%87%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="電力使用量（页面不存在）">電力使用量</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_energy_consumption" class="extiw" title="en:Electric energy consumption"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Electric energy consumption</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="主题"><img alt="主题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span>主題：<a href="/wiki/Portal:%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90" title="Portal:能源">能源</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E5%8F%AF%E5%86%8D%E7%94%9F%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90" title="Portal:可再生能源">可再生能源</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E5%8F%AF%E6%8C%81%E7%BB%AD%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95" title="Portal:可持续发展">可持續發展</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span>分類：<a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%94%B5%E5%8A%9B%E5%88%86%E9%85%8D" title="Category:电力分配">電力分配</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F" title="Category:發電方式">發電方式</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8F%91%E7%94%B5%E7%AB%99%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="Category:发电站技术">發電站技術</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="电磁学" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%94%B5%E7%A3%81%E5%AD%A6" title="Template:电磁学"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E7%94%B5%E7%A3%81%E5%AD%A6" title="Template talk:电磁学"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E7%94%B5%E7%A3%81%E5%AD%A6" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:电磁学"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="电磁学" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E7%A3%81%E5%AD%A6" title="电磁学">电磁学</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9C%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%B8" title="靜電學">靜電學</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB" title="電">電</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%8D%B7" title="電荷">電荷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%A0%B4" title="電場">電場</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E6%93%A6%E8%B5%B7%E9%9B%BB%E6%95%88%E6%87%89" title="摩擦起電效應">摩擦起電效應</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%99%E7%94%B5%E6%94%BE%E7%94%B5" title="静电放电">静电放电</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%AA%E7%94%B5" title="闪电">闪电</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E6%99%95%E6%94%BE%E7%94%B5" title="电晕放电">电晕放电</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%96%E7%AB%AF%E6%94%BE%E9%9B%BB" title="尖端放電">尖端放电</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%99%E7%94%B5%E6%84%9F%E5%BA%94" title="静电感应">静电感应</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%99%E7%94%B5%E9%99%A4%E5%B0%98" title="静电除尘">静电吸附</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%99%E7%94%B5%E5%B1%8F%E8%94%BD" title="静电屏蔽">静电屏蔽</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%93%E4%BB%91%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="库仑定律">库仑定律</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E6%96%AF%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="高斯定律">高斯定律</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E9%80%9A%E9%87%8F" title="电通量">电通量</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%8A%BF%E8%83%BD" title="电势能">电势能</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%81%B6%E6%9E%81%E7%9F%A9" title="电偶极矩">电偶极矩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E6%A5%B5%E5%8C%96" title="電極化">電極化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E4%BD%8D%E7%A7%BB" title="電位移">電位移</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:VFPt_Solenoid_correct2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Solenoid"><img alt="Solenoid" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/VFPt_Solenoid_correct2.svg/190px-VFPt_Solenoid_correct2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="190" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/VFPt_Solenoid_correct2.svg/285px-VFPt_Solenoid_correct2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/VFPt_Solenoid_correct2.svg/380px-VFPt_Solenoid_correct2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="490" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9C%E7%A3%81%E5%AD%B8" title="靜磁學">靜磁學</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81" title="磁">磁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%9F%B9%E7%8E%AF%E8%B7%AF%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="安培环路定律">安培定律</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E5%A0%B4" title="磁場">磁場</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E6%84%9F%E5%BA%94%E5%BC%BA%E5%BA%A6" title="磁感应强度">磁感应强度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E5%A0%B4" title="磁場">磁場強度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E5%8C%96%E5%BC%B7%E5%BA%A6" title="磁化強度">磁化強度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E9%80%9A%E9%87%8F" title="磁通量">磁通量</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%95%E5%A5%A5-%E8%90%A8%E4%BC%90%E5%B0%94%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="毕奥-萨伐尔定律">毕奥-萨伐尔定律</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E7%9F%A9" title="磁矩">磁矩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E6%96%AF%E7%A3%81%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="高斯磁定律">高斯磁定律</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E7%9F%A2%E5%8A%BF" title="磁矢势">磁矢势</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%B8" title="電學">電學</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="电路">电路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E6%B5%81" title="电流">电流</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%8B%A2" title="電勢">電勢</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%A3%93" title="電壓">電壓</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E9%98%BB" title="电阻">电阻</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%95%E7%B7%A3%E9%AB%94" title="絕緣體">絕緣體</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%AF%BC%E4%BD%93" title="半导体">半导体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94" title="電導體">導體</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94" title="超導體">超導體</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E5%A7%86%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="欧姆定律">欧姆定律</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B2%E8%81%AF%E9%9B%BB%E8%B7%AF" title="串聯電路">串聯電路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%A6%E8%81%AF%E9%9B%BB%E8%B7%AF" title="並聯電路">並聯電路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB" title="直流電">直流電</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">交流電</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%A6%E7%94%B5%E6%B5%81" title="带电流">带电流</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%8B%95%E5%8B%A2" title="電動勢">電動勢</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AE%B9" title="電容">電容</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E6%84%9F" title="电感">电感</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BB%E6%8A%97" title="阻抗">阻抗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AF%BC" title="电导">电导</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E7%A3%81%E6%B3%A2%E5%AF%BC" title="电磁波导">波导</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%86%B6%E9%98%BB%E5%99%A8" title="憶阻器">憶阻器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%88%BE%E9%9C%8D%E5%A4%AB%E9%9B%BB%E8%B7%AF%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="基爾霍夫電路定律">基爾霍夫電路定律</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E7%8E%B0%E8%B1%A1" title="电现象">电现象</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%93%E9%9B%BB%E6%95%88%E6%87%89" title="壓電效應">壓電效應</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%8B%E9%98%BB%E6%95%88%E5%BA%94" title="压阻效应">压阻效应</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E9%9B%BB%E6%95%88%E6%87%89" title="熱電效應">熱電效應</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E7%94%B5%E6%95%88%E5%BA%94" title="光电效应">光电效应</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%87%B4%E7%99%BC%E5%85%89" title="電致發光">電致發光</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E9%AB%98%E5%B1%82%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%94%E6%94%BE%E7%94%B5" title="中高层大气放电">中高层大气放电</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E5%85%B8%E7%94%B5%E7%A3%81%E5%AD%A6" title="经典电磁学">电动力学</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%A6%E5%85%B9%E5%8A%9B" title="洛伦兹力">洛伦兹力</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E7%88%BE%E6%95%88%E6%87%89" title="霍爾效應">霍爾效應</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E7%A3%81%E5%B9%B2%E6%93%BE" title="電磁干擾">電磁干擾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E6%8B%89%E7%AC%AC%E7%94%B5%E7%A3%81%E6%84%9F%E5%BA%94%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="法拉第电磁感应定律">法拉第电磁感应定律</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9E%E6%AC%A1%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="楞次定律">楞次定律</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8D%E7%A7%BB%E9%9B%BB%E6%B5%81" title="位移電流">位移電流</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%8B%E5%A3%AB%E5%A8%81%E6%96%B9%E7%A8%8B%E7%B5%84" title="馬克士威方程組">馬克士威方程組</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E7%A3%81%E5%9C%BA" title="电磁场">电磁场</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E7%A3%81%E6%B3%A2" title="电磁波">电磁波</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%8B%E5%A3%AB%E5%A8%81%E6%87%89%E5%8A%9B%E5%BC%B5%E9%87%8F" title="馬克士威應力張量">馬克士威應力張量</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%A1%E5%8D%B0%E5%BB%B7%E5%90%91%E9%87%8F" title="坡印廷向量">坡印廷向量</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8E%E7%B4%8D-%E7%B6%AD%E8%AC%9D%E5%8B%A2" title="黎納-維謝勢">黎納-維謝勢</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%91%E6%96%90%E7%B7%AC%E6%9F%AF%E6%96%B9%E7%A8%8B%E5%BC%8F" title="傑斐緬柯方程式">傑斐緬柯方程式</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%A6%E9%9B%BB%E6%B5%81" title="渦電流">渦電流</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AB%E6%95%A6%E6%96%B9%E7%A8%8B" title="倫敦方程">倫敦方程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A8%E9%81%B2%E5%8B%A2" title="推遲勢">推遲勢</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E7%A9%BA%E9%96%93" title="自由空間">自由空間</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E5%85%B8%E7%94%B5%E7%A3%81%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%8F%E5%8F%98%E5%BD%A2%E5%BC%8F" title="经典电磁理论的协变形式">協變表述</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E7%A3%81%E5%BC%B5%E9%87%8F" title="電磁張量">電磁張量</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E7%B6%AD%E9%9B%BB%E6%B5%81%E5%AF%86%E5%BA%A6" title="四維電流密度">四維電流密度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E7%A3%81%E6%87%89%E5%8A%9B-%E8%83%BD%E9%87%8F%E5%BC%B5%E9%87%8F" title="電磁應力-能量張量">電磁應力-能量張量</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E7%A3%81%E5%9B%9B%E7%BB%B4%E5%8A%BF" title="电磁四维势">四維勢</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2#电磁学的发展史" title="物理学史">发展史</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%8D%B7%E5%AE%88%E6%81%92%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="电荷守恒定律">电荷守恒定律</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%93%E4%BB%91%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="库仑定律">库仑定律</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8F%E6%89%93%E7%94%B5%E5%A0%86" title="伏打电堆">伏打电堆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%BD%E4%BC%90%E5%B0%BC%E7%94%B5%E6%B1%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="伽伐尼电池">伽伐尼电池</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%9F%B9%E7%8E%AF%E8%B7%AF%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="安培环路定律">安培定律</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E5%A7%86%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="欧姆定律">欧姆定律</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E7%A3%81%E6%84%9F%E5%BA%94" title="电磁感应">电磁感应</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%8B%E5%A3%AB%E5%A8%81%E6%96%B9%E7%A8%8B%E7%B5%84" title="馬克士威方程組">馬克士威方程組</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%88%BE%E9%9C%8D%E5%A4%AB%E9%9B%BB%E8%B7%AF%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="基爾霍夫電路定律">基爾霍夫電路定律</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B4%E7%BB%B4%E5%8D%97%E5%AE%9A%E7%90%86" title="戴维南定理">戴维南定理</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E7%A3%81%E6%B3%A2" title="电磁波">电磁波</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90" title="电子">电子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%97%8B" title="自旋">自旋</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">科學家</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E7%83%88-%E9%A6%AC%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E5%AE%89%E5%9F%B9" title="安德烈-馬里·安培">安培</a></li> <li><a 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title="赫尔曼·冯·亥姆霍兹">亥姆霍茲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%91%9F%C2%B7%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9" title="約瑟·亨利">亨利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%9B%A0%E9%87%8C%E5%B8%8C%C2%B7%E8%B5%AB%E5%85%B9" title="海因里希·赫兹">赫茲</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hopkinson" class="extiw" title="en:John Hopkinson">John Hopkinson</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oleg_D._Jefimenko" class="extiw" title="en:Oleg D. Jefimenko">Oleg D. 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