Amiot, Jean Joseph Marie

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srcset="https://bdcc-online.transforms.svdcdn.com/production/uploads/stories/Portraits/Amiot-JosephMarie.JPG?w=312&h=354&auto=compress%2Cformat&fit=crop&dm=1721672221&s=e29796c76d6b36d07d97afde36a93d0c" width="312" height="354" type="image/jpeg"> <source media="(min-width: 1280px)" srcset="https://bdcc-online.transforms.svdcdn.com/production/uploads/stories/Portraits/Amiot-JosephMarie.JPG?w=312&h=354&fm=webp&auto=compress&fit=crop&dm=1721672221&s=32d8221031e47a05eb89fc7f03d34a10" width="312" height="354" type="image/webp"> <img src="https://bdcc-online.transforms.svdcdn.com/production/uploads/stories/Portraits/Amiot-JosephMarie.JPG?w=312&h=354&auto=compress%2Cformat&fit=crop&dm=1721672221&s=e29796c76d6b36d07d97afde36a93d0c" alt="Amiot Joseph Marie" class="" width="312" height="354" loading="lazy" /> </picture> </figure> <div class="p-12 m-4 mb-8 bg-white sm:p-0 sm:m-0"> <p class="text-center sm:text-left text-[23px] leading-[35px] mb-6"> 1718 — 1793 </p> <h1 class="text-grayBrand-text font-freight-serif text-[3rem] font-semibold text-center sm:text-left normal-case mb-6" style="text-shadow:none;"> Jean Joseph Marie Amiot </h1> <h2 class="text-19 mt-4 font-normal leading-[1.3] text-center sm:text-left">Jesuit missionary and author at the court of the Chinese emperor.</h2> <p class="text-lg text-black/50 leading-[1.4] font-freight-sans pt-3"> <i class="fa fa-map-marker fa-fw text-salmonBrand-light"></i>  <a href="https://www.bdcconline.net/en/places/beijing/">Beijing</a> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="max-w-screen-sm px-4 py-24 mx-auto bg-white sm:px-0"> <div class=""> <div class="prose prose-xl"> <p>Born in Toulon, France, Amiot entered the Jesuit order in 1737 and was ordained in 1746. He reached Peking (Beijing) in August 1751 and was granted an audience with the Qianlong emperor. His research on the peoples and spoken languages of China led to lifelong study of many aspects of Chinese and Manchu culture. He engaged in considerable correspondence with learned people in Europe, including Henri Bertin, minister to Louis XV, who raised many questions about China.</p> <p>Amiot published voluminous accounts of the history, chronology, physics, literature, mathematics, and music of China, as well as an extensive life of Confucius. When he learned in 1775 that the pope had suppressed the Jesuit order, he suggested to the French government that the Paris Foreign Mission Society take charge of the Peking mission, but the pope sent the Congregation de la Mission (Lazarists, also known as Vincentians), which Amiot welcomed. His last letters to his sister reflect his concern about the French Revolution and its impact on the mission in China. Overwhelmed by news of the regicide of Louis XIV, which he received on the evening of October 8, he died during the night.</p> </div>  </div> <h3 class="mt-8 border-t pt-4 font-semibold leading-[1.3] mb-4">Attribution</h3> <div class="prose font-freight-sans text-grayBrand-600"> <p>This article is reprinted from <em>Biographical Dictionary of Christian Missions</em>, Macmillan Reference USA, copyright (c) 1998 Gerald H. Anderson, by permission of The Gale Group; Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., Grand Rapids, Michigan. All rights reserved.</p> </div> <h3 class="mt-8 border-t pt-4 font-semibold leading-[1.3] mb-4">Sources</h3> <div class="prose font-freight-sans text-grayBrand-600"> <ul class="list-decimal marker:text-[#374151]"> <li>Most of Amiot's essays are in <em>Memoires concernat l'histoire, les sciences, les arts, les moeurs, les usages, etc., des Chinois par les missionnaires de Pekin</em>, 17 vols. (1777-1814).</li><li>Joseph Dehergne "Une Grande collection: Memoires concernant les chinois (1776-1814)," Bulletin de l'Ecole francaise de l'Extreme-Orient 70 (1983): 267-298; "Jean-Joseph-Marie Amiot," in Louis Pfister, Notices biographiques et bibliographiquec sur les Jesuites de l'ancienne mission de Chine (1932-1934; repr. 1971 and 1975), pp. 837-860; Camille de Rochemonteix, Joseph Amiot et les derniers survivant de la mission francaise a Pekin (1915).</li><li>Painting, circa 1790. Reproduction in Alain Peyrefitte "Images de l'Empire Immobile".</li></ul> </div> <h3 class="mt-8 border-t pt-4 font-semibold leading-[1.3] mb-4 border-double border-t-4">About the Author</h3> <div class="flex flex-row items-center gap-6"> <div> <p class="mb-3 font-freight-sans leading-[22px]"> <a href="https://www.bdcconline.net/en/contributors/witek-john-w/" class="text-blueBrand">John W. Witek</a> </p> <div class="prose font-freight-sans text-grayBrand-600 leading-[22px]"> <p>Associate Professor of East Asian History, Georgetown University, Washington D.C., USA</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <section class="bg-grayBrand-100"> <div id="Storycards" class="storyCards type-system-traditional"> <h3 class="pt-12 text-center uppercase">Other Stories</h3> <div class="bg-grayBrand-100 pb-16"> <div class="container"> <div class="grid w-full grid-cols-1 gap-8 pt-20 pb-8 mx-auto lg:gap-12 max-w-906 xl:max-w-screen-xl xs:grid-cols-2 sm:grid-cols-3 md:grid-cols-3 xl:grid-cols-4"> <div class="border border-black/[.08] bg-white flex flex-col rounded-[4px] overflow-hidden shadow-sm hover:shadow-md"> <a href="https://www.bdcconline.net/en/stories/price-francis-wilson/" class="flex flex-col"> <figure class=""> <picture class=""> <source media="(max-width: 480px)" 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