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Search results for: quality assessment

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</div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: quality assessment</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14338</span> An Investigation of Surface Water Quality in an Industrial Area Using Integrated Approaches</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Priti%20Saha">Priti Saha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Biswajit%20Paul"> Biswajit Paul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rapid urbanization and industrialization has increased the pollution load in surface water bodies. However, these water bodies are major source of water for drinking, irrigation, industrial activities and fishery. Therefore, water quality assessment is paramount importance to evaluate its suitability for all these purposes. This study focus to evaluate the surface water quality of an industrial city in eastern India through integrating interdisciplinary techniques. The multi-purpose Water Quality Index (WQI) assess the suitability for drinking, irrigation as well as fishery of forty-eight sampling locations, where 8.33% have excellent water quality (WQI:0-25) for fishery and 10.42%, 20.83% and 45.83% have good quality (WQI:25-50), which represents its suitability for drinking irrigation and fishery respectively. However, the industrial water quality was assessed through Ryznar Stability Index (LSI), which affirmed that only 6.25% of sampling locations have neither corrosive nor scale forming properties (RSI: 6.2-6.8). Integration of these statistical analysis with geographical information system (GIS) helps in spatial assessment. It identifies of the regions where the water quality is suitable for its use in drinking, irrigation, fishery as well as industrial activities. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of statistical and GIS techniques for water quality assessment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20water" title="surface water">surface water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20quality%20assessment" title=" water quality assessment"> water quality assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20quality%20index" title=" water quality index"> water quality index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20assessment" title=" spatial assessment"> spatial assessment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103597/an-investigation-of-surface-water-quality-in-an-industrial-area-using-integrated-approaches" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103597.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">180</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14337</span> A New Categorization of Image Quality Metrics Based on a Model of Human Quality Perception</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Grazia%20Albanesi">Maria Grazia Albanesi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riccardo%20Amadeo"> Riccardo Amadeo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study presents a new model of the human image quality assessment process: the aim is to highlight the foundations of the image quality metrics proposed in literature, by identifying the cognitive/physiological or mathematical principles of their development and the relation with the actual human quality assessment process. The model allows to create a novel categorization of objective and subjective image quality metrics. Our work includes an overview of the most used or effective objective metrics in literature, and, for each of them, we underline its main characteristics, with reference to the rationale of the proposed model and categorization. From the results of this operation, we underline a problem that affects all the presented metrics: the fact that many aspects of human biases are not taken in account at all. We then propose a possible methodology to address this issue. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eye-tracking" title="eye-tracking">eye-tracking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20quality%20assessment%20metric" title=" image quality assessment metric"> image quality assessment metric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MOS" title=" MOS"> MOS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20user%20experience" title=" quality of user experience"> quality of user experience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20perception" title=" visual perception"> visual perception</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8906/a-new-categorization-of-image-quality-metrics-based-on-a-model-of-human-quality-perception" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8906.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">411</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14336</span> Evolving Software Assessment and Certification Models Using Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saad%20M.%20Darwish">Saad M. Darwish</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, software quality issues have come to be seen as important subject as we see an enormous growth of agencies involved in software industries. However, these agencies cannot guarantee the quality of their products, thus leaving users in uncertainties. Software certification is the extension of quality by means that quality needs to be measured prior to certification granting process. This research participates in solving the problem of software assessment by proposing a model for assessment and certification of software product that uses a fuzzy inference engine to integrate both of process–driven and application-driven quality assurance strategies. The key idea of the on hand model is to improve the compactness and the interpretability of the model’s fuzzy rules via employing an ant colony optimization algorithm (ACO), which tries to find good rules description by dint of compound rules initially expressed with traditional single rules. The model has been tested by case study and the results have demonstrated feasibility and practicability of the model in a real environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20quality" title="software quality">software quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20assurance" title=" quality assurance"> quality assurance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20certification%20model" title=" software certification model"> software certification model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20assessment" title=" software assessment"> software assessment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18443/evolving-software-assessment-and-certification-models-using-ant-colony-optimization-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18443.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">523</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14335</span> Translation Quality Assessment: Proposing a Linguistic-Based Model for Translation Criticism with Considering Ideology and Power Relations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehrnoosh%20Pirhayati">Mehrnoosh Pirhayati</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the researcher tried to propose a model of Translation Criticism (TC) regarding the phenomenon of Translation Quality Assessment (TQA). With changing the general view on re/writing as an illegal act, the researcher defined a scale for the act of translation and determined the redline of translation with other products. This research attempts to show TC as a related phenomenon to TQA. This study shows that TQA with using the rules and factors of TC as depicted in both product-oriented analysis and process-oriented analysis, determines the orientation or the level of the quality of translation. This study also depicts that TC, regarding TQA’s perspective, reveals the aim of the translation of original text and the root of ideological manipulation and re/writing. On the other hand, this study stresses the existence of a direct relationship between the linguistic materials and semiotic codes of a text or book. This study can be fruitful for translators, scholars, translation criticizers, and translation quality assessors, and also it is applicable in the area of pedagogy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=a%20model%20of%20translation%20criticism" title="a model of translation criticism">a model of translation criticism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=a%20model%20of%20translation%20quality%20assessment" title=" a model of translation quality assessment"> a model of translation quality assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20discourse%20analysis%20%28CDA%29" title=" critical discourse analysis (CDA)"> critical discourse analysis (CDA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=re%2Fwriting" title=" re/writing"> re/writing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=translation%20criticism%20%28TC%29" title=" translation criticism (TC)"> translation criticism (TC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=translation%20quality%20assessment%20%28TQA%29" title=" translation quality assessment (TQA)"> translation quality assessment (TQA)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138890/translation-quality-assessment-proposing-a-linguistic-based-model-for-translation-criticism-with-considering-ideology-and-power-relations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138890.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">320</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14334</span> Subjective Quality Assessment for Impaired Videos with Varying Spatial and Temporal Information</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Rehan%20Usman">Muhammad Rehan Usman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Arslan%20Usman"> Muhammad Arslan Usman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soo%20Young%20Shin"> Soo Young Shin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The new era of digital communication has brought up many challenges that network operators need to overcome. The high demand of mobile data rates require improved networks, which is a challenge for the operators in terms of maintaining the quality of experience (QoE) for their consumers. In live video transmission, there is a sheer need for live surveillance of the videos in order to maintain the quality of the network. For this purpose objective algorithms are employed to monitor the quality of the videos that are transmitted over a network. In order to test these objective algorithms, subjective quality assessment of the streamed videos is required, as the human eye is the best source of perceptual assessment. In this paper we have conducted subjective evaluation of videos with varying spatial and temporal impairments. These videos were impaired with frame freezing distortions so that the impact of frame freezing on the quality of experience could be studied. We present subjective Mean Opinion Score (MOS) for these videos that can be used for fine tuning the objective algorithms for video quality assessment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frame%20freezing" title="frame freezing">frame freezing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mean%20opinion%20score" title=" mean opinion score"> mean opinion score</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=objective%20assessment" title=" objective assessment"> objective assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subjective%20evaluation" title=" subjective evaluation"> subjective evaluation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26962/subjective-quality-assessment-for-impaired-videos-with-varying-spatial-and-temporal-information" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26962.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">494</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14333</span> Software Assessment Using Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saad%20M.%20Darwish">Saad M. Darwish</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, software quality issues have come to be seen as important subject as we see an enormous growth of agencies involved in software industries. However,these agencies cannot guarantee the quality of their products, thus leaving users in uncertainties. Software certification is the extension of quality by means that quality needs to be measured prior to certification granting process. This research participates in solving the problem of software assessment by proposing a model for assessment and certification of software product that uses a fuzzy inference engine to integrate both of process–driven and application-driven quality assurance strategies. The key idea of the on hand model is to improve the compactness and the interpretability of the model’s fuzzy rules via employing an ant colony optimization algorithm (ACO), which tries to find good rules description by dint of compound rules initially expressed with traditional single rules. The model has been tested by case study and the results have demonstrated feasibility and practicability of the model in a real environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization%20technique" title="optimization technique">optimization technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20assurance" title=" quality assurance"> quality assurance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20certification%20model" title=" software certification model"> software certification model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20assessment" title=" software assessment"> software assessment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18472/software-assessment-using-ant-colony-optimization-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18472.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">487</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14332</span> Implementation of Total Quality Management in Public Sector: Case of Tunisia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafla%20Hchaichi">Rafla Hchaichi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The public administration is currently experiencing in the field of quality unprecedented effervescence. However, in a globalized world more and more competitive, public services are confronted with the need to improve their performances which push public companies to implement quality approaches. Quality approaches have taken diverse forms such as service commitment, labels, certifications and the Common Assessment Framework. This paper provides an overview on the strategy for administrative development in Tunisia since the Carthaginian civilization until today. It outlines the evolution of quality management in the Tunisian public context while focusing on the National Referential of Quality of Administrative Services. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20approach" title="quality approach">quality approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20common%20assessment%20framework" title=" the common assessment framework"> the common assessment framework</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20commitment" title=" service commitment"> service commitment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=label" title=" label"> label</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=certification" title=" certification"> certification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20public%20service" title=" quality of public service"> quality of public service</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20of%20public%20service" title=" performance of public service"> performance of public service</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tunisian%20Public%20Service" title=" Tunisian Public Service"> Tunisian Public Service</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19471/implementation-of-total-quality-management-in-public-sector-case-of-tunisia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19471.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">556</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14331</span> Use of Machine Learning in Data Quality Assessment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bruno%20Pinto%20Vieira">Bruno Pinto Vieira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marco%20Antonio%20Calijorne%20Soares"> Marco Antonio Calijorne Soares</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Armando%20S%C3%A9rgio%20de%20Aguiar%20Filho"> Armando Sérgio de Aguiar Filho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, a massive amount of information has been produced by different data sources, including mobile devices and transactional systems. In this scenario, concerns arise on how to maintain or establish data quality, which is now treated as a product to be defined, measured, analyzed, and improved to meet consumers' needs, which is the one who uses these data in decision making and companies strategies. Information that reaches low levels of quality can lead to issues that can consume time and money, such as missed business opportunities, inadequate decisions, and bad risk management actions. The step of selecting, identifying, evaluating, and selecting data sources with significant quality according to the need has become a costly task for users since the sources do not provide information about their quality. Traditional data quality control methods are based on user experience or business rules limiting performance and slowing down the process with less than desirable accuracy. Using advanced machine learning algorithms, it is possible to take advantage of computational resources to overcome challenges and add value to companies and users. In this study, machine learning is applied to data quality analysis on different datasets, seeking to compare the performance of the techniques according to the dimensions of quality assessment. As a result, we could create a ranking of approaches used, besides a system that is able to carry out automatically, data quality assessment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title="machine learning">machine learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20quality" title=" data quality"> data quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20dimension" title=" quality dimension"> quality dimension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20assessment" title=" quality assessment"> quality assessment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148790/use-of-machine-learning-in-data-quality-assessment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148790.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14330</span> Relationship between Quality Education and Organizational Culture at College Level in Punjab</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anam%20Noshaba">Anam Noshaba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahr%20Muhammad%20Saeed%20Akhtar"> Mahr Muhammad Saeed Akhtar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study was to find out the relationship between quality education and organizational culture. The population of this study was all the teachers of Public Degree Colleges located in Punjab. A sample of 400 teachers was selected by using a simple random sampling technique. Quality Education Assessment Questionnaire (QEAQ) and Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI) were used for data collection. Out of all, 90% of teachers responded. Findings showed that quality education and organizational culture are positively correlated. Results indicated that there is no difference in quality education and organizational culture by demographic variables of teachers. Future research is needed to study the viewpoint of other stakeholders of education regarding quality education and organizational culture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20education" title="quality education">quality education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minimum%20quality%20standards" title=" minimum quality standards"> minimum quality standards</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20culture" title=" organizational culture"> organizational culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=college%20level" title=" college level"> college level</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148058/relationship-between-quality-education-and-organizational-culture-at-college-level-in-punjab" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148058.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14329</span> Bioactive Chemical Markers Based Strategy for Quality Control of Herbal Medicines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhenzhong%20Yang">Zhenzhong Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Herbal medicines are important supplements to chemical drugs and usually consist of a complex mixture of constituents. The current quality control strategy of herbal medicines is mainly based on chemical markers, which largely failed to owe to the markers, not reflecting the herbal medicines’ multiple mechanisms of action. Herein, a bioactive chemical markers based strategy was proposed and applied to the quality assessment and control of herbal medicines. This strategy mainly includes the comprehensive chemical characterization of herbal medicines, bioactive chemical markers identification, and related quantitative analysis methods development. As a proof-of-concept, this strategy was applied to a Panax notoginseng derived herbal medicine. The bioactive chemical markers based strategy offers a rational approach for quality assessment and control of herbal medicines. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioactive%20chemical%20markers" title="bioactive chemical markers">bioactive chemical markers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=herbal%20medicines" title=" herbal medicines"> herbal medicines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20assessment" title=" quality assessment"> quality assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20control" title=" quality control"> quality control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128810/bioactive-chemical-markers-based-strategy-for-quality-control-of-herbal-medicines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128810.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14328</span> An Investigation of Interdisciplinary Techniques for Assessment of Water Quality in an Industrial Area</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Priti%20Saha">Priti Saha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Biswajit%20Paul"> Biswajit Paul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rapid urbanization and industrialization have increased the demand of groundwater. However, the present era has evident an enormous level of groundwater pollution. Therefore, water quality assessment is paramount importance to evaluate its suitability for drinking, irrigation and industrial use. This study focus to evaluate the groundwater quality of an industrial city in eastern India through interdisciplinary techniques. The multi-purpose Water Quality Index (WQI) assess the suitability for drinking as well as irrigation of forty sampling locations, where 2.5% and 15% of sampling locations have excellent water quality (WQI:0-25) as well as 15% and 40% have good quality (WQI:25-50), which represents its suitability for drinking and irrigation respectively. However, the industrial water quality was assessed through Ryznar Stability Index (LSI), which affirmed that only 2.5% of sampling locations have neither corrosive nor scale forming properties (RSI: 6.2-6.8). These techniques with the integration of geographical information system (GIS) for spatial assessment indorsed its effectiveness to identify the regions where the water bodies are suitable to use for drinking, irrigation as well as industrial activities. Further, the sources of these contaminants were identified through factor analysis (FA), which revealed that both the geogenic as well as anthropogenic sources were responsible for groundwater pollution. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of statistical and GIS techniques for the analysis of environmental contaminants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=groundwater" title="groundwater">groundwater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20quality%20analysis" title=" water quality analysis"> water quality analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20quality%20index" title=" water quality index"> water quality index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WQI" title=" WQI"> WQI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factor%20analysis" title=" factor analysis"> factor analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FA" title=" FA"> FA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20assessment" title=" spatial assessment"> spatial assessment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103535/an-investigation-of-interdisciplinary-techniques-for-assessment-of-water-quality-in-an-industrial-area" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103535.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">194</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14327</span> Drinking Water Quality Assessment Using Fuzzy Inference System Method: A Case Study of Rome, Italy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yas%20Barzegar">Yas Barzegar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atrin%20Barzegar"> Atrin Barzegar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Drinking water quality assessment is a major issue today; technology and practices are continuously improving; Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods prove their efficiency in this domain. The current research seeks a hierarchical fuzzy model for predicting drinking water quality in Rome (Italy). The Mamdani fuzzy inference system (FIS) is applied with different defuzzification methods. The Proposed Model includes three fuzzy intermediate models and one fuzzy final model. Each fuzzy model consists of three input parameters and 27 fuzzy rules. The model is developed for water quality assessment with a dataset considering nine parameters (Alkalinity, Hardness, pH, Ca, Mg, Fluoride, Sulphate, Nitrates, and Iron). Fuzzy-logic-based methods have been demonstrated to be appropriate to address uncertainty and subjectivity in drinking water quality assessment; it is an effective method for managing complicated, uncertain water systems and predicting drinking water quality. The FIS method can provide an effective solution to complex systems; this method can be modified easily to improve performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20quality" title="water quality">water quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20logic" title=" fuzzy logic"> fuzzy logic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20cities" title=" smart cities"> smart cities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20attribute" title=" water attribute"> water attribute</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20inference%20system" title=" fuzzy inference system"> fuzzy inference system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membership%20function" title=" membership function"> membership function</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170172/drinking-water-quality-assessment-using-fuzzy-inference-system-method-a-case-study-of-rome-italy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170172.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">75</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14326</span> Management of Quality Assessment of Teaching and Methodological Activities of a Teacher of a Military, Special Educational Institution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maxutova%20I.%20O.">Maxutova I. O.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bulatbayeva%20A.%20A."> Bulatbayeva A. A.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In modern conditions, the competitiveness of the military, a special educational institution in the educational market, is determined by the quality of the provision of educational services and the economic efficiency of activities. Improving the quality of educational services of the military, the special educational institution is an urgent socially and economically significant problem. The article shows a possible system for the formation of the competitiveness of military, the special educational institution through an assessment of the quality of the educational process, the problem of the transition of the military, special educational institution to digital support of indicative monitoring of the quality of services provided is raised. Quality monitoring is presented in the form of a program or information system, the work of which is carried out in a military, the special educational institution through highlighted interrelated elements. A result-oriented model of management and assessment of the quality of work of the military, the special educational institution is proposed. The indicative indicators for assessing the quality of the teaching and methodological activity of the teacher are considered and described. The publication was prepared as part of an applied grant study for 2020-2022 commissioned by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the topic "Development of a comprehensive methodology for assessing the quality of education of graduates of military special educational institutions" IRN 00029/GF-20. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20assessment" title="quality assessment">quality assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indicative%20indicators" title=" indicative indicators"> indicative indicators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monitoring%20program" title=" monitoring program"> monitoring program</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20and%20methodological%20activities" title=" educational and methodological activities"> educational and methodological activities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=professional%20activities" title=" professional activities"> professional activities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=result" title=" result"> result</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147036/management-of-quality-assessment-of-teaching-and-methodological-activities-of-a-teacher-of-a-military-special-educational-institution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147036.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">151</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14325</span> Internal Assessment of Satisfaction with the Quality of the Learning Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bulatbayeva%20A.%20A.">Bulatbayeva A. A.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maxutova%20I.%20O."> Maxutova I. O.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ergalieva%20A.%20N."> Ergalieva A. N.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article presents a study of the practice of self-assessment of the quality of training cadets in a military higher specialized educational institution. The research was carried out by means of a questionnaire survey aimed at identifying the degree of satisfaction of cadets with the organization of the educational process, quality of teaching, the quality of the organization of independent work, and the system of their assessment. In general, the results of the study are of an intermediate nature. Proven tools will be incorporated into the planning and effective management of the learning process. The results of the study can be useful for the administrators and managers of the military education system for teachers of military higher educational institutions for adjusting the content and technologies of training future specialists. The publication was prepared as part of applied grant research for 2020-2022 by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the topic "Development of a comprehensive methodology for assessing the quality of education of graduates of military special educational institutions." <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20quality" title="teaching quality">teaching quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20satisfaction" title=" quality satisfaction"> quality satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20management" title=" learning management"> learning management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20management" title=" quality management"> quality management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20approach" title=" process approach"> process approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classroom%20learning" title=" classroom learning"> classroom learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interactive%20technologies" title=" interactive technologies"> interactive technologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20quality" title=" teaching quality"> teaching quality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147037/internal-assessment-of-satisfaction-with-the-quality-of-the-learning-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147037.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">127</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14324</span> The Assessment of Bilingual Students: How Bilingual Can It Really Be?</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Serge%20Lacroix">Serge Lacroix</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The proposed study looks at the psychoeducational assessment of bilingual students, in English and French in this case. It will be the opportunity to look at language of assessment and specifically how certain tests can be administered in one language and others in another language. It is also a look into the questioning of the validity of the test scores that are obtained as well as the quality and generalizability of the conclusions that can be drawn. Bilingualism and multiculturalism, although in constant expansion, is not considered in norms development and remains a poorly understood factor when it is at play in the context of a psychoeducational assessment. Student placement, diagnoses, accurate measures of intelligence and achievement are all impacted by the quality of the assessment procedure. The same is true for questionnaires administered to parents and self-reports completed by bilingual students who, more often than not, are assessed in a language that is not their primary one or are compared to monolinguals not dealing with the same challenges or the same skills. Results show that students, when offered to work in a bilingual fashion, chooses to do so in a significant proportion. Recommendations will be offered to support educators aiming at expanding their skills when confronted with multilingual students in an assessment context. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychoeducational%20assessment" title="psychoeducational assessment">psychoeducational assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bilingualism" title=" bilingualism"> bilingualism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiculturalism" title=" multiculturalism"> multiculturalism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intelligence" title=" intelligence"> intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=achievement" title=" achievement"> achievement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23566/the-assessment-of-bilingual-students-how-bilingual-can-it-really-be" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23566.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">454</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14323</span> Indicators to Assess the Quality of Health Services</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muyatdinova%20Aigul">Muyatdinova Aigul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aitkaliyeva%20Madina"> Aitkaliyeva Madina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article deals with the evaluation of the quality of medical services on the basis of quality indicators. For this purpose allocated initially the features of the medical services market. The Features of the market directly affect on the evaluation process that takes a multi-level and multi-stakeholder nature. Unlike ordinary goods market assessment of medical services does not only market. Such an assessment is complemented by continuous internal and external evaluation, including experts and accrediting bodies. In the article highlighted the composition of indicators for a comprehensive evaluation <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20care%20market" title="health care market">health care market</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20health%20services" title=" quality of health services"> quality of health services</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indicators%20of%20care%20quality" title=" indicators of care quality"> indicators of care quality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23257/indicators-to-assess-the-quality-of-health-services" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23257.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">437</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14322</span> Establishment of Air Quality Zones in Italy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20G.%20Dirodi">M. G. Dirodi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Gugliotta"> G. Gugliotta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Leonardi"> C. Leonardi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The member states shall establish zones and agglomerations throughout their territory to assess and manage air quality in order to comply with European directives. In Italy decree 155/2010, transposing Directive 2008/50/EC on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe, merged into a single act the previous provisions on ambient air quality assessment and management, including those resulting from the implementation of Directive 2004/107/EC relating to arsenic, cadmium, nickel, mercury, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air. Decree 155/2010 introduced stricter rules for identifying zones on the basis of the characteristics of the territory in spite of considering pollution levels, as it was in the past. The implementation of such new criteria has reduced the great variability of the previous zoning, leading to a significant reduction of the total number of zones and to a complete and uniform ambient air quality assessment and management throughout the Country. The present document is related to the new zones definition in Italy according to Decree 155/2010. In particular, the paper contains the description and the analysis of the outcome of zoning and classification. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zones" title="zones">zones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agglomerations" title=" agglomerations"> agglomerations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20quality%20assessment" title=" air quality assessment"> air quality assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification" title=" classification"> classification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25811/establishment-of-air-quality-zones-in-italy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25811.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">330</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14321</span> Analysis of Suitability of Online Assessment by Maintaining Critical Thinking</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Chabi">Mohamed Chabi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study is to determine Whether paper assessment especially in the subject mathematics will ever be completely replaced by online assessment using Learning Management System and Content Management System such as blackboard. In the subject mathematics, the assessment is the exercise of judgment on the quality of students’ work, as a way of supporting student learning and appraising its outcomes. Testing students has moved from the traditional scribbling and sketching on paper towards working online on a screen and keyboard. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paper%20assessment" title="paper assessment">paper assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20assessment" title=" online assessment"> online assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20management%20system" title=" learning management system"> learning management system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=content%20management%20system" title=" content management system"> content management system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematics" title=" mathematics"> mathematics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31510/analysis-of-suitability-of-online-assessment-by-maintaining-critical-thinking" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31510.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">468</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14320</span> Fluorescence Sensing as a Tool to Estimate Palm Oil Quality and Yield</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norul%20Husna%20A.%20Kasim">Norul Husna A. Kasim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siva%20K.%20Balasundram"> Siva K. Balasundram </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The gap between ‘actual yield’ and ‘potential yield’ has remained a problem in the Malaysian oil palm industry. Ineffective maturity assessment and untimely harvesting have compounded this problem. Typically, the traditional method of palm oil quality and yield assessment is destructive, costly and laborious. Fluorescence-sensing offers a new means of assessing palm oil quality and yield non-destructively. This work describes the estimation of palm oil quality and yield using a multi-parametric fluorescence sensor (Multiplex®) to quantify the concentration of secondary metabolites, such as anthocyanin and flavonoid, in fresh fruit bunches across three different palm ages (6, 9, and 12 years-old). Results show that fluorescence sensing is an effective means of assessing FFB maturity, in terms of palm oil quality and yield quantifications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anthocyanin" title="anthocyanin">anthocyanin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flavonoid%20fluorescence%20sensor" title=" flavonoid fluorescence sensor"> flavonoid fluorescence sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=palm%20oil%20yield%20and%20quality" title=" palm oil yield and quality"> palm oil yield and quality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18494/fluorescence-sensing-as-a-tool-to-estimate-palm-oil-quality-and-yield" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18494.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">809</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14319</span> Assessment the Quality of Telecommunication Services by Fuzzy Inferences System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oktay%20Nusratov">Oktay Nusratov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramin%20Rzaev"> Ramin Rzaev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aydin%20Goyushov"> Aydin Goyushov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fuzzy inference method based approach to the forming of modular intellectual system of assessment the quality of communication services is proposed. Developed under this approach the basic fuzzy estimation model takes into account the recommendations of the International Telecommunication Union in respect of the operation of packet switching networks based on IP-protocol. To implement the main features and functions of the fuzzy control system of quality telecommunication services it is used multilayer feedforward neural network. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20communication" title="quality of communication">quality of communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IP-telephony" title=" IP-telephony"> IP-telephony</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20set" title=" fuzzy set"> fuzzy set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20implication" title=" fuzzy implication"> fuzzy implication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20network" title=" neural network"> neural network</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15543/assessment-the-quality-of-telecommunication-services-by-fuzzy-inferences-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15543.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">468</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14318</span> Colombia Fossil Fuel Policies and Their Impact on Urban Air Quality</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruth%20Catacol%C3%AD">Ruth Catacolí</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hector%20Garcia"> Hector Garcia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Colombia Urban Areas shows a decreasing of their air quality, no matter the actions developed by the Government facing the mitigation of pressure factors related with air pollution. Examples of these actions were the fossil fuel quality improvement policies (FFQI). This study evaluated the impact of three FFQI in the air quality of Bogotá during the period 1990 - 2006: The phase-out of lead in the gasoline; the sulfur reduction in diesel oil consumed in Bogotá and the oxygenation of gasoline through the addition of ethanol. The results indicate that only the policy of phase-out of lead in gasoline has been effective, showing dropping of lead oxides concentration in the air. Some stakeholders believe that the FFQI evaluated in the study are environmental policies, but no one of these policies has been supported by an environmental impact assessment that shows specific benefits in air quality. The research includes some fuel policy elements to achieve positive impact on the air quality in the urban centers of Colombia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy%20assessment" title="policy assessment">policy assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel%20quality" title=" fuel quality"> fuel quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20air%20quality" title=" urban air quality"> urban air quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20quality%20management" title=" air quality management"> air quality management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61711/colombia-fossil-fuel-policies-and-their-impact-on-urban-air-quality" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61711.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">319</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14317</span> A Study of Variables Affecting on a Quality Assessment of Mathematics Subject in Thailand by Using Value Added Analysis on TIMSS 2011</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruangdech%20Sirikit">Ruangdech Sirikit</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purposes of this research were to study the variables affecting the quality assessment of mathematics subject in Thailand by using value-added analysis on TIMSS 2011. The data used in this research is the secondary data from the 2011 Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), collected from 6,124 students in 172 schools from Thailand, studying only mathematics subjects. The data were based on 14 assessment tests of knowledge in mathematics. There were 3 steps of data analysis: 1) To analyze descriptive statistics 2) To estimate competency of students from the assessment of their mathematics proficiency by using MULTILOG program; 3) analyze value added in the model of quality assessment using Value-Added Model with Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) and 2 levels of analysis. The research results were as follows: 1. Student level variables that had significant effects on the competency of students at .01 levels were Parental care, Resources at home, Enjoyment of learning mathematics and Extrinsic motivation in learning mathematics. Variable that had significant effects on the competency of students at .05 levels were Education of parents and self-confident in learning mathematics. 2. School level variable that had significant effects on competency of students at .01 levels was Extra large school. Variable that had significant effects on competency of students at .05 levels was medium school. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20assessment" title="quality assessment">quality assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=value-added%20model" title=" value-added model"> value-added model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TIMSS" title=" TIMSS"> TIMSS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematics" title=" mathematics"> mathematics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thailand" title=" Thailand "> Thailand </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27349/a-study-of-variables-affecting-on-a-quality-assessment-of-mathematics-subject-in-thailand-by-using-value-added-analysis-on-timss-2011" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27349.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">283</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14316</span> Quality Assessment of SSRU Program in Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rossukhon%20Makaramani">Rossukhon Makaramani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Supanan%20Sittilerd"> Supanan Sittilerd</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wipada%20Prasarnsaph"> Wipada Prasarnsaph </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study aimed to 1) examine management status of a Program in Education at the Faculty of Education, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University (SSRU); 2) determine main components, indicators and criteria for constructing quality assessment framework; 3) assess quality of a SSRU Program in Education; and 4) provide recommendations to promote academic excellence. The program to be assessed was Bachelor of Education Program in Education (5 years), Revised Version 2009. Population and samples were stakeholders involving implementation of this program during an academic year 2012. Results were: 1) Management status of the Program in Education showed that the Faculty of Education depicted good level (4.20) in the third cycle of external quality assessment by the Office for National Education Standards and Quality Assessment (ONESQA). There were 1,192 students enrolling in the program, divided into 5 major fields of study. There were 50 faculty members, 37 holding master’s degrees and 13 holding doctorate degrees. Their academic position consisted of 35 lecturers, 10 assistant professors, and 5 associate professors. For program management, there was a committee of 5 members for the program and also a committee of 4 or 5 members for each major field of study. Among the faculty members, 41 persons taught in this program. The ratio between faculty and student was 1:26. The result of 2013 internal quality assessment indicated that system and mechanism of the program development and management was at fair level. However, the overall result yielded good level either by criteria of the Office of Higher Education Commission (4.29) or the NESQA (4.37); 2) Framework for assessing the quality of the program consisted of 4 dimensions and 15 indicators; 3) Assessment of the program yielded Good level of quality (4.04); 4) Recommendations to promote academic excellence included management and development of the program focusing on teacher reform toward highly recognized profession; cultivation of values, moral, ethics, and spirits of being a teacher; construction of specialized programs; development of faculty potentials; enhancement of the demonstration school’s readiness level; and provision of dormitories for learning. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20assessment" title="quality assessment">quality assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education%20program" title=" education program"> education program</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suan%20Sunandha%20Rajabhat%20University" title=" Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University"> Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=academic%20excellence" title=" academic excellence"> academic excellence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12275/quality-assessment-of-ssru-program-in-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12275.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14315</span> Keyframe Extraction Using Face Quality Assessment and Convolution Neural Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahma%20Abed">Rahma Abed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sahbi%20Bahroun"> Sahbi Bahroun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ezzeddine%20Zagrouba"> Ezzeddine Zagrouba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to the huge amount of data in videos, extracting the relevant frames became a necessity and an essential step prior to performing face recognition. In this context, we propose a method for extracting keyframes from videos based on face quality and deep learning for a face recognition task. This method has two steps. We start by generating face quality scores for each face image based on the use of three face feature extractors, including Gabor, LBP, and HOG. The second step consists in training a Deep Convolutional Neural Network in a supervised manner in order to select the frames that have the best face quality. The obtained results show the effectiveness of the proposed method compared to the methods of the state of the art. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=keyframe%20extraction" title="keyframe extraction">keyframe extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=face%20quality%20assessment" title=" face quality assessment"> face quality assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=face%20in%20video%20recognition" title=" face in video recognition"> face in video recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convolution%20neural%20network" title=" convolution neural network"> convolution neural network</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111347/keyframe-extraction-using-face-quality-assessment-and-convolution-neural-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111347.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">233</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14314</span> Model of Monitoring and Evaluation of Student’s Learning Achievement: Application of Value-Added Assessment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jatuphum%20Ketchatturat">Jatuphum Ketchatturat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Value-added assessment has been used for developing the model of monitoring and evaluation of student's learning achievement. The steps of model development consist of 1) study and analyisis of the school and the district report system of student achievement and progress, 2) collecting the data of student achievement to develop the value added indicator, 3) developing the system of value-added assessment by participatory action research approach, 4) putting the system of value-added assessment into the educational district of secondary school, 5) determining the quality of the developed system of value-added assessment. The components of the developed model consist of 1) the database of value-added assessment of student's learning achievement, 2) the process of monitoring and evaluation the student's learning achievement, and 3) the reporting system of value-added assessment of student's learning achievement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20achievement" title="learning achievement">learning achievement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monitoring%20and%20evaluation" title=" monitoring and evaluation"> monitoring and evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=value-added%20assessment" title=" value-added assessment"> value-added assessment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12155/model-of-monitoring-and-evaluation-of-students-learning-achievement-application-of-value-added-assessment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12155.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">423</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14313</span> Health Risk Assessment According to Exposure with Heavy Metals and Physicochemical Parameters; Water Quality Index and Contamination Degree Evaluation in Bottled Water</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samaneh%20Abolli">Samaneh Abolli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmood%20Alimohammadi"> Mahmood Alimohammadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The survey analyzed 71 bottled water brands in Tehran, Iran, examining 10 physicochemical parameters and 16 heavy metals. The water quality index (WQI) approach was used to assess water quality, and methods such as carcinogen risk (CR) and hazard index (HI) were employed to evaluate health risks. The results indicated that the bottled water had good quality overall, but some brands were of poor or very poor quality. The study also revealed significant human health risks, especially for children, due to the presence of minerals and heavy metals in bottled water. Correlation analyses and risk assessments for various substances were conducted, providing valuable insights into the potential health impacts of the analyzed bottled water. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bottled%20wate" title="bottled wate">bottled wate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rwater%20quality%20index" title=" rwater quality index"> rwater quality index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20risk%20assessment" title=" health risk assessment"> health risk assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contamination%20degree" title=" contamination degree"> contamination degree</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metal%20evaluation%20index" title=" heavy metal evaluation index"> heavy metal evaluation index</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179970/health-risk-assessment-according-to-exposure-with-heavy-metals-and-physicochemical-parameters-water-quality-index-and-contamination-degree-evaluation-in-bottled-water" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179970.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">53</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14312</span> Analysis of Subjective Indicators of Quality of Life in Makurdi</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irene%20Doosuur%20Mngutyo">Irene Doosuur Mngutyo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The preliminary stages in the development of human communities are the formation of a correct understanding of people’s needs. However, perception of human needs is highly subjective and difficult to aggregate. Quality of life measurements are an appropriate means for achieving an understanding of Human needs. Hence this study endeavors to measure quality of life in Makurdi using subjective indices to measure three aspects of subjective wellbeing. A sample of 400 respondents achieved by applying the Taro Yamane formula to Makurdi’s projected population. Questionnaires were randomly distributed to residents of nine wards in Makurdi. Findings from a pilot study( N=100) demonstrated that among the 2 aspects of overall quality of life investigated,22% had a mean low overall assessment of quality of life now being3on the scale and an even poorer assessment for projected quality in the next five years by 17%(3)although an equal percentage are hopeful for a better life(10)in the next five years.60% of the respondents record very rare positive feelings while only 10% have positive feelings always on the eudaimonic scale69%strongly agree that they have a purposeful and meaningful life. Findings indicate good social ties as a strong indicator for perceived good feelings and even though quality of life is perceived as low there is optimism for the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20life" title="quality of life">quality of life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subjective%20indicators" title=" subjective indicators"> subjective indicators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20planning" title=" urban planning"> urban planning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39771/analysis-of-subjective-indicators-of-quality-of-life-in-makurdi" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39771.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">400</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14311</span> Measuring the Quality of Business Education: Employment Readiness Assessment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gulbakhyt%20Sultanova">Gulbakhyt Sultanova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Business education institutions assess the progress of their students by giving them grades for courses completed and calculating a Grade Point Average (GPA). Whether the participation in these courses has led to the development of competences enabling graduates to successfully compete in the labor market should be measured using a new index: Employment Readiness Assessment (ERA). The higher the ERA, the higher the quality of education at a business school. This is applied, empirical research conducted by using a method of linear optimization. The aim of research is to identify factors which lead to the minimization of the deviation of GPA from ERA as well as to the maximization of ERA. ERA is composed of three components resulting from testing proficiency in Business English, testing work and personal skills, and job interview simulation. The quality of education is improving if GPA approximates ERA and ERA increases. Factors which have had a positive effect on quality enhancement are academic mobility of students and staff, practical-oriented courses taught by staff with work experience, and research-based courses taught by staff with research experience. ERA is a better index to measure the quality of business education than traditional indexes such as GPA due to its greater accuracy in assessing the level of graduates’ competences demanded in the labor market. Optimizing the educational process in pursuit of quality enhancement, ERA has to be used in parallel with GPA to find out which changes worked and resulted in improvement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assessment%20and%20evaluation" title="assessment and evaluation">assessment and evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competence%20evaluation" title=" competence evaluation"> competence evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education%20quality" title=" education quality"> education quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employment%20readiness" title=" employment readiness"> employment readiness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22614/measuring-the-quality-of-business-education-employment-readiness-assessment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22614.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">445</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14310</span> The Importance of Analysis of Internal Quality Management Systems and Self-Examination Processes in Engineering Accreditation Processes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wilfred%20Fritz">Wilfred Fritz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The accreditation process of engineering degree programmes is based on various reports evaluated by the relevant governing bodies of the institution of higher education. One of the aforementioned reports for the accreditation process is a self-assessment report which is to be completed by the applying institution. This paper seeks to emphasise the importance of analysis of internal quality management systems and self-examination processes in the engineering accreditation processes. A description of how the programme fulfils the criteria should be given. Relevant stakeholders all need to contribute in the writing and structuring of the self-assessment report. The last step is to gather evidence in the form of supporting documentation. In conclusion, the paper also identifies learning outcomes in a case study in seeking accreditation from an international relevant professional body. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accreditation" title="accreditation">accreditation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=governing%20bodies" title=" governing bodies"> governing bodies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-assessment%20report" title=" self-assessment report"> self-assessment report</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20management" title=" quality management"> quality management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105943/the-importance-of-analysis-of-internal-quality-management-systems-and-self-examination-processes-in-engineering-accreditation-processes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105943.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">123</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14309</span> Assessment Literacy Levels of Mathematics Teachers to Implement Classroom Assessment in Ghanaian High Schools</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Akayuure">Peter Akayuure</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One key determinant of the quality of mathematics learning is the teacher’s ability to assess students adequately and effectively and make assessment an integral part of the instructional practices. If the mathematics teacher lacks the required literacy to perform classroom assessment roles, the true trajectory of learning success and attainment of curriculum expectations might be indeterminate. It is therefore important that educators and policymakers understand and seek ways to improve the literacy level of mathematics teachers to implement classroom assessments that would meet curriculum demands. This study employed a descriptive survey design to explore perceived levels of assessment literacy of mathematics teachers to implement classroom assessment with the school based assessment framework in Ghana. A 25-item classroom assessment inventory on teachers’ assessment scenarios was adopted, modified, and administered to a purposive sample of 48 mathematics teachers from eleven Senior High Schools. Seven other items were included to further collect data on their self-efficacy towards assessment literacy. Data were analyzed using descriptive and bivariate correlation statistics. The result shows that, on average, 48.6% of the mathematics teachers attained standard levels of assessment literacy. Specifically, 50.0% met standard one in choosing appropriate assessment methods, 68.3% reached standard two in developing appropriate assessment tasks, 36.6% reached standard three in administering, scoring, and interpreting assessment results, 58.3% reached standard four in making appropriate assessment decisions, 41.7% reached standard five in developing valid grading procedures, 45.8% reached standard six in communicating assessment results, and 36.2 % reached standard seven by identifying unethical, illegal and inappropriate use of assessment results. Participants rated their self-efficacy belief in performing assessments high, making the relationships between participants’ assessment literacy scores and self-efficacy scores weak and statistically insignificant. The study recommends that institutions training mathematics teachers or providing professional developments should accentuate assessment literacy development to ensure standard assessment practices and quality instruction in mathematics education at senior high schools. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assessment%20literacy" title="assessment literacy">assessment literacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematics%20teacher" title=" mathematics teacher"> mathematics teacher</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=senior%20high%20schools" title=" senior high schools"> senior high schools</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghana" title=" Ghana"> Ghana</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133893/assessment-literacy-levels-of-mathematics-teachers-to-implement-classroom-assessment-in-ghanaian-high-schools" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133893.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20assessment&amp;page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20assessment&amp;page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20assessment&amp;page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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