ADW: Nematoda: INFORMATION

<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> <head> <title>ADW: Nematoda: INFORMATION</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Nematoda/" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-3.6.0.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-migrate-3.3.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/static/js/compat.js"></script> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://animaldiversity.org/favicon.ico" /> <link href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Gentium+Book+Basic:400,400italic,700,700italic" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <link href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=PT+Sans:400,700,400italic,700italic" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/static/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/pica.styles.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/pica.print.css" media="print" />  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/static/colorbox/colorbox.css" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Nematoda/" /> <meta content="Nematoda (roundworms)" property="og:title" /> <meta content="website" property="og:type" /> <meta content="Animal Diversity Web" property="og:site_name" /> <meta content="https://animaldiversity.org/collections/contributors/robert_bachand/209_Roundworm_Nematode/medium.jpg" property="og:image" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@AnimalDiversity" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Nematoda (roundworms)" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Read about Nematoda (roundworms) on the Animal Diversity Web." /> <meta name="twitter:image:src" content="https://animaldiversity.org/collections/contributors/robert_bachand/209_Roundworm_Nematode/medium.jpg" /> <meta name="twitter:image:height" content="480" /> <meta name="twitter:image:width" content="700" /> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Nematoda/" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="/static/js/Hyphenator.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/social-likes/social-likes_birman.css" /> <style> .social-likes { margin: 0; } .social-likes__widget { margin: 0; } </style>   </head> <body> <div id="outerwrap"> <div id="header" aria-role="header"> <h1> <a id="homelink" href="/">Animal Diversity Web</a> </h1> <div class="umlinks"> <div class="relative"> <a href="https://lsa.umich.edu/ummz/" id="ummzlink">University of Michigan Museum of Zoology</a> <a href="https://www.umich.edu/" id="umlink">University of Michigan</a> </div> </div> </div> <div id="wrap" class="gradient"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="row-fluid"> <div class="span2 sidebar left"> <ul class="nav nav-tabs nav-stacked" id="sitemap"> <li> <a href="/">Home</a> </li> <li> <a href="/about/">About Us</a> </li> <li> <a href="/animal_names/">About Animal Names</a> </li> <li> <a href="/teach/">Educational Resources</a> </li> <li> <a href="/collections/">Special Collections</a> </li> <li> <a href="/glossary/">Glossary</a> </li> <li> <a href="/accounts/Animalia/">Browse Animalia</a> </li> </ul> <h2 class="offscreen">More Information</h2> <div class="well"> <h3>Additional Information</h3> <ul class="unstyled"> <li> <a href="http://eol.org/search/?q=Nematoda&search=Go">Encyclopedia of Life</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="span7_5 blahblahblah main" aria-role="main"> <h2 class="rank-phylum">Nematoda<span class="vernacular-name">roundworms</span><span class="vernacular-name alt-vernacular-name">(Also: nematodes)</span></h2> <div class="social-likes" data-counters="no"> <div class="facebook" title="Share link on Facebook">Facebook</div> <div class="twitter" title="Share link on Twitter">Twitter</div> </div> <div class="snapshots" aria-hidden="true"> <ul> <li> <a href="/accounts/Nematoda/pictures/collections/contributors/robert_bachand/209_Roundworm_Nematode/"> <img alt=" " src="/collections/contributors/robert_bachand/209_Roundworm_Nematode/button.jpg" border="0" /> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/accounts/Nematoda/pictures/collections/contributors/robert_bachand/208_Roundworm_Nematode/"> <img alt=" " src="/collections/contributors/robert_bachand/208_Roundworm_Nematode/button.jpg" border="0" /> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/accounts/Nematoda/pictures/collections/contributors/Grzimek_inverts/Adenophorea/Desmoscolex_sp/"> <img alt=" " src="/collections/contributors/Grzimek_inverts/Adenophorea/Desmoscolex_sp/button.jpg" border="0" /> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/accounts/Nematoda/pictures/collections/contributors/phil_myers/orthoptera/cricket7630/"> <img alt=" " src="/collections/contributors/phil_myers/orthoptera/cricket7630/button.jpg" border="0" /> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/accounts/Nematoda/pictures/collections/contributors/Grzimek_inverts/Adenophorea/Mermis_nigrescens/"> <img alt=" " src="/collections/contributors/Grzimek_inverts/Adenophorea/Mermis_nigrescens/button.jpg" border="0" /> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="byline">By Phil Myers</div> <div class="inner-wrap"> <section class="hyphenate"> <p>Roundworms (nematodes) are bilaterally symmetrical, worm-like organisms that are surrounded by a strong, flexible noncellular layer called a cuticle. Their body plan is simple. The cuticle is secreted by and covers a layer of epidermal cells. Near the body wall but under the epidermal cells are muscle cells; they run in the longitudinal direction only. A true coelom is lacking, instead, nematodes have a "pseudocoel" formed directly from the cavity of the blastula (rather than as a result of the division or folding of mesoderm). The cavity of the pseudocoel is small, being mostly filled with an intestine and oviducts or testes. A simple nervous system consists of a ring of nervous tissue around the pharynx that gives rise to dorsal and ventral nerve cords running the length of the body.</p> <p>Nematodes move by contraction of the longitudinal muscles. Because their internal pressure is high, this causes the body to flex rather than flatten, and the animal moves by thrashing back and forth. No cilia or flagellae are present.</p> <p>Some nematodes have specialized cells that excrete nitrogenous wastes; in others, canals or canals plus these specialized cells are present. Nematodes do not have flame cells.</p> <p>Most nematodes are dioecious. Fertilization takes place when males use special copulatory spines to open the females' reproductive tracts and inject sperm into them. The sperm are unique in that they lack flagellae and move by pseudopodia, like amoebas. Development of fertilized eggs is usually direct.</p> <p>Nematodes are almost unbelievably abundant. One study reported around 90,000 individual nematodes in a single rotting apple. Another reported 236 species living in a few cubic centimeters of mud. The number of described species is around 12,000, but too little attention has been paid to these animals and the true number may be closer to 500,000. Some species are generalists, occuring across wide areas and in many habitats; others are much more specialized. Nematodes have colonized nearly every conceivable habitat on earth, including such unlikely places as under beer coasters in Germany (<span rank="Species" class="taxon-name rank-species">Panagrellus redivivus</span>). Some nematodes are also extreme habitat specialists, living, for example, only in the placentas of sperm whales (<span rank="Species" class="taxon-name rank-species">Placentonema gigantissima</span>), or the right kidneys of minks (<span rank="Species" class="taxon-name rank-species">Dioctophyme renale</span>)</p> <p>Many nematodes are free living and play critical ecological roles as decomposers and predators on microorganisms. But nematodes also include parasitic species, a number of which affect humans directly or indirectly through their domestic animals. These include the common roundworms, which probably infest more than half the world's humans; hookworms; trichina, the worms that cause trichinosis; pinworms, another extremely common parasite, even in the United States, which can be transmitted from human to human by eggs floating in household dust; and filarial worms, primarily tropical parasites that cause diseases such as filariasis (elephantiasis) and onchocerciasis (river blindness).</p> <hr /> <p><strong>Source</strong>:</p> <p>Hickman, C.P. and L. S. Roberts. 1994. <em>Animal Diversity</em>. Wm. C. Brown, Dubuque, IA.</p> <p>Brusca, R. C., and G. J. Brusca. <em>Invertebrates.</em> 1990. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA.</p> <p>Chandler, A.C. 1961. Introduction to Parasitology. John Wiley and Sons, New York.</p> <p>Lee, D.L. and H.J. Atkinson. 1976. Physiology of Nematodes (2nd ed.). Columbia University Press, New York.</p> </section> <section class="hyphenate"> <h3 id="contributors">Contributors</h3> <p>Phil Myers (author), Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor. </p> </section> </div> </div> <div class="span2_5 right sidebar"> <div class="well" id="pocket-guide-link"> <a href="https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/adw-pocket-guide/id916179421?mt=8" target="_blank"><i class="icon-download icon-white" style="vertical-align: bottom"></i> ADW Pocket Guides on the iOS App Store! </a> <p>The Animal Diversity Web team is excited to announce ADW Pocket Guides!</p> <p> <a href="/news/5009059054038197651/">Read more...</a> </p> </div> <h2 class="offscreen">Search</h2> <div id="site-search"> <form action="/search" method="GET"> <label for="q" class="offscreen">Enter search text</label> <input value="" id="q" name="q" class="span12" size="15" type="text" placeholder="Search ADW" /> <button class="btn"> <i class="icon-zoom-in"></i> <span class="offscreen">Search</span> 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feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="related navlist well"> <h3>Related Taxa</h3> <ul class="descendants classification unstyled"> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Ancylostoma_caninum/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Ancylostoma caninum</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Ancylostoma_caninum/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Ancylostoma caninum: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Ancylostoma caninum: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Ancylostoma_duodenale/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Ancylostoma duodenale</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Ancylostoma_duodenale/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Ancylostoma duodenale: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Ancylostoma duodenale: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Angiostrongylus_cantonensis/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Angiostrongylus cantonensis</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Angiostrongylus_cantonensis/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Angiostrongylus cantonensis: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Angiostrongylus cantonensis: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Anisakis_simplex/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Anisakis simplex</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Anisakis_simplex/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Anisakis simplex: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Anisakis simplex: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Ascaris_lumbricoides/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Ascaris lumbricoides</a> <span class="vernacular-name">human intestinal roundworm</span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Ascaris_lumbricoides/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Ascaris lumbricoides: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Ascaris lumbricoides: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Brugia_malayi/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Brugia malayi</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Brugia_malayi/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Brugia malayi: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Brugia malayi: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Caenorhabditis_elegans/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Caenorhabditis elegans</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Caenorhabditis_elegans/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Caenorhabditis elegans: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Caenorhabditis elegans: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Dioctophyma_renale/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Dioctophyma renale</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Dioctophyma_renale/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Dioctophyma renale: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Dioctophyma renale: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Dirofilaria_immitis/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Dirofilaria immitis</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Dirofilaria_immitis/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Dirofilaria immitis: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Dirofilaria immitis: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Dracunculus_insignis/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Dracunculus insignis</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Dracunculus_insignis/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Dracunculus insignis: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Dracunculus insignis: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Enterobius_vermicularis/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Enterobius vermicularis</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Enterobius_vermicularis/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Enterobius vermicularis: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Enterobius vermicularis: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Gnathostoma_spinigerum/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Gnathostoma spinigerum</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Gnathostoma_spinigerum/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Gnathostoma spinigerum: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Gnathostoma spinigerum: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Haemonchus_contortus/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Haemonchus contortus</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Haemonchus_contortus/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Haemonchus contortus: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Haemonchus contortus: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Lagochilascaris_minor/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Lagochilascaris minor</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Lagochilascaris_minor/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Lagochilascaris minor: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Lagochilascaris minor: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Loa_loa/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Loa loa</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Loa_loa/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Loa loa: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Loa loa: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Mansonella_ozzardi/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Mansonella ozzardi</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Mansonella_ozzardi/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Mansonella ozzardi: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Mansonella ozzardi: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Mermis_nigrescens/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Mermis nigrescens</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Mermis_nigrescens/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Mermis nigrescens: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Mermis nigrescens: information (1)</a> <a href="/accounts/Mermis_nigrescens/pictures/" class="feature feature-pictures" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Mermis nigrescens: pictures (1)" data-delay="250">Mermis nigrescens: pictures (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Necator_americanus/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Necator americanus</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Necator_americanus/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Necator americanus: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Necator americanus: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Onchocerca_volvulus/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Onchocerca volvulus</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Onchocerca_volvulus/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Onchocerca volvulus: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Onchocerca volvulus: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Parascaris_equorum/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Parascaris equorum</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Parascaris_equorum/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Parascaris equorum: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Parascaris equorum: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Rhabdias_bufonis/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Rhabdias bufonis</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Rhabdias_bufonis/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Rhabdias bufonis: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Rhabdias bufonis: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Romanomermis_culicivorax/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Romanomermis culicivorax</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Romanomermis_culicivorax/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Romanomermis culicivorax: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Romanomermis culicivorax: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Spirocerca_lupi/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Spirocerca lupi</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Spirocerca_lupi/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Spirocerca lupi: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Spirocerca lupi: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Strongyloides_stercoralis/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Strongyloides stercoralis</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Strongyloides_stercoralis/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Strongyloides stercoralis: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Strongyloides stercoralis: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Strongylus_vulgaris/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Strongylus vulgaris</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Strongylus_vulgaris/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Strongylus vulgaris: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Strongylus vulgaris: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Toxocara_canis/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Toxocara canis</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Toxocara_canis/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Toxocara canis: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Toxocara canis: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Toxocara_cati/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Toxocara cati</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Toxocara_cati/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Toxocara cati: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Toxocara cati: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Trichinella_pseudospiralis/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Trichinella pseudospiralis</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Trichinella_pseudospiralis/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Trichinella pseudospiralis: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Trichinella pseudospiralis: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Trichinella_spiralis/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Trichinella spiralis</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Trichinella_spiralis/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Trichinella spiralis: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Trichinella spiralis: information (1)</a> <a href="/accounts/Trichinella_spiralis/pictures/" class="feature feature-pictures" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Trichinella spiralis: pictures (1)" data-delay="250">Trichinella spiralis: pictures (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> <li> <span class="rank">Species</span> <a href="/accounts/Trichuris_trichiura/" class="taxon-name rank-species">Trichuris trichiura</a> <span class="vernacular-name"></span> <div class="features"> <a href="/accounts/Trichuris_trichiura/" class="feature feature-information" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="Trichuris trichiura: information (1)" data-delay="250" data-total="1">Trichuris trichiura: information (1)</a> <span class="feature-off feature-pictures"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-specimens"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-sounds"></span> <span class="feature-off feature-maps"></span> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="footer" aria-role="contentinfo"> <div class="inner-footer"> <div class="page-citation"> <p class="content">To cite this page: Myers, P. 2001. "Nematoda" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed February 16, 2025 at https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Nematoda/</p> </div> <div class="disclaimer"> <p class="content"><strong>Disclaimer:</strong> The Animal Diversity Web is an educational resource <strong>written largely by and for college students</strong>. ADW doesn't cover all species in the world, nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe. Though we edit our accounts for accuracy, we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts. While ADW staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable, we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control. </p> </div> <div class="footer-links"> <ul class="unstyled"> <li><a href="https://www.umich.edu/">U-M Gateway</a> | <a href="https://lsa.umich.edu/ummz/">U-M Museum of Zoology</a></li> <li> <a href="https://lsa.umich.edu/eeb/">U-M Ecology and Evolutionary Biology</a> </li> <li> 漏 2020 Regents of the University of Michigan </li> <li><a href="/feedback/error_form/">Report Error</a> / <a href="/feedback/comment_form/">Comment</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="thanks-links"> <p>This material is based upon work supported by the <a href="https://nsf.gov">National Science Foundation</a> Grants DRL 0089283, DRL 0628151, DUE 0633095, DRL 0918590, and DUE 1122742. Additional support has come from the Marisla Foundation, UM College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, Museum of Zoology, and Information and Technology Services. </p> <p> The ADW Team gratefully acknowledges their support. </p> </div> </div> </div> <script></script> </div> <script src="/static/js/jquery.colorbox.js"></script> <script src="/static/js/pica.information.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? 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ADW: Nematoda: INFORMATION