CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>642 — Wikipédia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )frwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","janvier","février","mars","avril","mai","juin","juillet","août","septembre","octobre","novembre","décembre"],"wgRequestId":"93b2c4ee-39c8-4ec4-a8b8-c1ab2a9e05df","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"642","wgTitle":"642","wgCurRevisionId":215285343,"wgRevisionId":215285343,"wgArticleId":13269,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Article utilisant une Infobox","Article contenant un appel à traduction en anglais","Portail:Haut Moyen Âge/Articles liés","Portail:Moyen Âge/Articles liés","Portail:Histoire/Articles liés","642"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"fr","wgPageContentLanguage":"fr","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"642","wgRelevantArticleId":13269,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject": "wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"fr","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"fr"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":9000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q30872","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={ "ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ArchiveLinks","ext.gadget.Wdsearch","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface", "ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=fr&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=fr&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=fr&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/29-CHINDASVINTO.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1769"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/29-CHINDASVINTO.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1179"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="944"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="642 — Wikipédia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//fr.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/642"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Modifier" href="/w/index.php?title=642&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipédia (fr)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//fr.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/642"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Flux Atom de Wikipédia" href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Modifications_r%C3%A9centes&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-642 rootpage-642 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Aller au contenu</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menu principal" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menu principal</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menu principal</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Accueil_principal" title="Accueil général [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Accueil</span></a></li><li id="n-thema" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Accueil"><span>Portails thématiques</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Page_au_hasard" title="Affiche un article au hasard [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Article au hasard</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Contact"><span>Contact</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Contribuer" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Contribuer" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribuer </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-aboutwp" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aide:D%C3%A9buter"><span>Débuter sur Wikipédia</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Accueil" title="Accès à l’aide"><span>Aide</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Accueil_de_la_communaut%C3%A9" title="À propos du projet, ce que vous pouvez faire, où trouver les informations"><span>Communauté</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Modifications_r%C3%A9centes" title="Liste des modifications récentes sur le wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Modifications récentes</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Accueil_principal" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipédia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-fr.svg" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="l'encyclopédie libre" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-fr.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Recherche" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Rechercher sur Wikipédia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Rechercher</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Rechercher sur Wikipédia" aria-label="Rechercher sur Wikipédia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Rechercher sur Wikipédia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Spécial:Recherche"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Rechercher</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Outils personnels"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Modifier l'apparence de la taille, de la largeur et de la couleur de la police de la page" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Apparence" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Apparence</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_fr.wikipedia.org&uselang=fr" class=""><span>Faire un don</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Cr%C3%A9er_un_compte&returnto=642" title="Nous vous encourageons à créer un compte utilisateur et vous connecter ; ce n’est cependant pas obligatoire." class=""><span>Créer un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Connexion&returnto=642" title="Nous vous encourageons à vous connecter ; ce n’est cependant pas obligatoire. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Se connecter</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Plus d’options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Outils personnels" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Outils personnels</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu utilisateur" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_fr.wikipedia.org&uselang=fr"><span>Faire un don</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Cr%C3%A9er_un_compte&returnto=642" title="Nous vous encourageons à créer un compte utilisateur et vous connecter ; ce n’est cependant pas obligatoire."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Créer un compte</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Connexion&returnto=642" title="Nous vous encourageons à vous connecter ; ce n’est cependant pas obligatoire. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Se connecter</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages pour les contributeurs déconnectés <a href="/wiki/Aide:Premiers_pas" aria-label="En savoir plus sur la contribution"><span>en savoir plus</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Mes_contributions" title="Une liste des modifications effectuées depuis cette adresse IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Mes_discussions" title="La page de discussion pour les contributions depuis cette adresse IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Sommaire" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sommaire</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Début</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Événements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Événements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Événements</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Événements-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Événements</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Événements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Naissances_en_642" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Naissances_en_642"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Naissances en 642</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Naissances_en_642-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Décès_en_642" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Décès_en_642"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Décès en 642</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Décès_en_642-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_et_références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_et_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notes et références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">642</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 121 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-121" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">121 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – abkhaze" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abkhaze" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – alémanique" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alémanique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/642_%E1%8A%A5.%E1%8A%A4.%E1%8A%A0." title="642 እ.ኤ.አ. – amharique" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="642 እ.ኤ.አ." data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – aragonais" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – asturien" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B6%DB%B4%DB%B2_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۶۴۲ (میلادی) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="۶۴۲ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%AC%E0%A7%AA%E0%A7%A8" title="৬৪২ – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="৬৪২" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A7%AC%E0%A7%AA%E0%A7%A8" title="মারি ৬৪২ – bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মারি ৬৪২" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/642." title="642. – bosniaque" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="642." data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/642_ni%C3%A8ng" title="642 nièng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="642 nièng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%A6%D9%A4%D9%A2" title="٦٤٢ – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="٦٤٢" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – tatar de Crimée" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="tatar de Crimée" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – tchouvache" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tchouvache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – gallois" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B6%DB%B4%DB%B2_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۶۴۲ (میلادی) – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="۶۴۲ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – féroïen" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="féroïen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – frison septentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frison septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – frison occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frison occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – irlandais" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/642%E5%B9%B4" title="642年 – gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="642年" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – gaélique écossais" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaélique écossais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/642." title="642. – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="642." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/642_(almanak_jilyen)" title="642 (almanak jilyen) – créole haïtien" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="642 (almanak jilyen)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="créole haïtien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/642%E5%B9%B4" title="642年 – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="642年" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – javanais" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/642_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="642 жыл – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="642 жыл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/642%EB%85%84" title="642년 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="642년" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – luxembourgeois" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxembourgeois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – ligure" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligure" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/642_m." title="642 m. – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="642 m." data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – mokcha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="mokcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – malgache" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8._%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%AA%E0%A5%A8" title="इ.स. ६४२ – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स. ६४२" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/642_%D0%B8" title="642 и – mari occidental" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="642 и" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="mari occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B6%DB%B4%DB%B2" title="۶۴۲ – mazandérani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="۶۴۲" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandérani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – napolitain" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napolitain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – bas-allemand" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="bas-allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%AA%E0%A5%A8" title="सन् ६४२ – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सन् ६४२" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – norvégien nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – sotho du Nord" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="sotho du Nord" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AD%AC%E0%AD%AA%E0%AD%A8" title="୬୪୨ – odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="୬୪୨" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/642-%C3%A6%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="642-æм аз – ossète" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="642-æм аз" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossète" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%AA%E0%A5%A8" title="६४२ – pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="६४२" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/642_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="642 год – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="642 год" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – ruthène" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruthène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%AA%E0%A5%A8" title="६४२ – sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="६४२" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – sicilien" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/642%D8%B9" title="642ع – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="642ع" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – same du Nord" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="same du Nord" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – cingalais" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="cingalais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – soundanais" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="soundanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_642" title="Соли 642 – tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Соли 642" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._1185" title="พ.ศ. 1185 – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พ.ศ. 1185" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – turkmène" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/642_%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="642 ел – tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="642 ел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/642%D8%A1" title="642ء – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="642ء" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – vénitien" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="vénitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/642%E5%B9%B4" title="642年 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="642年" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/642" title="642 – mingrélien" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="642" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrélien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/642%E5%B9%B4" title="642年 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="642年" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/642_n%C3%AE" title="642 nî – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="642 nî" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/642%E5%B9%B4" title="642年 – cantonais" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="642年" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q30872#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaces de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/642" title="Voir le contenu de la page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussion:642" rel="discussion" title="Discussion au sujet de cette page de contenu [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Modifier la variante de langue" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">français</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Affichages"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/642"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=642&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=642&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=642&action=history" title="Historique des versions de cette page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Outils" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Outils</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Outils</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Plus d’options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/642"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=642&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=642&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=642&action=history"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Général </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_li%C3%A9es/642" title="Liste des pages liées qui pointent sur celle-ci [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Suivi_des_liens/642" rel="nofollow" title="Liste des modifications récentes des pages appelées par celle-ci [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Suivi des pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Importer_un_fichier" title="Téléverser des fichiers [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Téléverser un fichier</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_sp%C3%A9ciales" title="Liste de toutes les pages spéciales [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pages spéciales</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=642&oldid=215285343" title="Adresse permanente de cette version de cette page"><span>Lien permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=642&action=info" title="Davantage d’informations sur cette page"><span>Informations sur la page</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Citer&page=642&id=215285343&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informations sur la manière de citer cette page"><span>Citer cette page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F642"><span>Obtenir l'URL raccourcie</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F642"><span>Télécharger le code QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimer / exporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Livre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=642"><span>Créer un livre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:DownloadAsPdf&page=642&action=show-download-screen"><span>Télécharger comme PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=642&printable=yes" title="Version imprimable de cette page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Version imprimable</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dans d’autres projets </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:642" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q30872" title="Lien vers l’élément dans le dépôt de données connecté [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Élément Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">masquer</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Redirection" title="Aide:Redirection"><img alt="Page d’aide sur les redirections" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Arrows-move.svg/20px-Arrows-move.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Arrows-move.svg/30px-Arrows-move.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Arrows-move.svg/40px-Arrows-move.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="88" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Cette page concerne l'année <b>642</b> du <a href="/wiki/Calendrier_julien" title="Calendrier julien">calendrier julien</a>. Pour l'année 642 av. J.-C., voir <a href="/wiki/642_av._J.-C." class="mw-redirect" title="642 av. J.-C.">642 av. J.-C.</a> </p> </div></div> <div class="infobox_v3 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive" style="width:21em"> <div class="entete" style="background-color: #C0D1E2;"> <div><small>Chronologies</small></div> </div><div class="images"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:29-CHINDASVINTO.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Description de cette image, également commentée ci-après" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/29-CHINDASVINTO.JPG/220px-29-CHINDASVINTO.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="324" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/29-CHINDASVINTO.JPG/330px-29-CHINDASVINTO.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/29-CHINDASVINTO.JPG/440px-29-CHINDASVINTO.JPG 2x" data-file-width="565" data-file-height="833" /></a></span> </div> <div class="legend"><a href="/wiki/10_mai" title="10 mai">10 mai</a> : <a href="/wiki/Chindaswinth" class="mw-redirect" title="Chindaswinth">Chindaswinthe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Royaume_wisigoth" title="Royaume wisigoth">roi des Wisigoths</a>.</div><table><caption class="hidden" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;">Données clés</caption> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/639" title="639">639</a> <a href="/wiki/640" title="640">640</a> <a href="/wiki/641" title="641">641</a> <b> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">642</a> </b> <a href="/wiki/643" title="643">643</a> <a href="/wiki/644" title="644">644</a> <a href="/wiki/645" title="645">645</a><br /><small><b>Décennies :</b></small><br /><a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_610" title="Années 610">610</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_620" title="Années 620">620</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_630" title="Années 630">630</a> <b> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_640" title="Années 640">640</a> </b> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_650" title="Années 650">650</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_660" title="Années 660">660</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_670" title="Années 670">670</a><br /><small><b>Siècles :</b></small><br /><a href="/wiki/Ve_si%C3%A8cle" title="Ve siècle">V<sup>e</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/VIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="VIe siècle">VI<sup>e</sup></a> <b> <a href="/wiki/VIIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="VIIe siècle">VII<sup>e</sup></a> </b> <a href="/wiki/VIIIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="VIIIe siècle">VIII<sup>e</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/IXe_si%C3%A8cle" title="IXe siècle">IX<sup>e</sup></a><br /><small><b>Millénaires :</b></small><br /><a href="/wiki/IIe_mill%C3%A9naire_av._J.-C." title="IIe millénaire av. J.-C.">-II<sup>e</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/Ier_mill%C3%A9naire_av._J.-C." title="Ier millénaire av. J.-C.">-I<sup>er</sup></a> <b> <a href="/wiki/Ier_mill%C3%A9naire" title="Ier millénaire">I<sup>er</sup></a> </b> <a href="/wiki/IIe_mill%C3%A9naire" title="IIe millénaire">II<sup>e</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/IIIe_mill%C3%A9naire" title="IIIe millénaire">III<sup>e</sup></a></td> </tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="background-color:#CEE0F2;">Calendriers</caption> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_romain" title="Calendrier romain">Romain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_chinois" title="Calendrier chinois">Chinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_gr%C3%A9gorien" title="Calendrier grégorien">Grégorien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_julien" title="Calendrier julien">Julien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_h%C3%A9bra%C3%AFque" title="Calendrier hébraïque">Hébraïque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_hindou" title="Calendrier hindou">Hindou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_h%C3%A9girien" title="Calendrier hégirien">Hégirien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_persan" title="Calendrier persan">Persan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_r%C3%A9publicain" title="Calendrier républicain">Républicain</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr></tbody></table><p class="navbar bordered noprint" style="border-color:#CEE0F2;"><span class="plainlinks navigation-not-searchable"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=642&action=edit">modifier</a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Ann%C3%A9es" title="Consultez la documentation du modèle"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></p></div> <p>L'année <b>642</b> est une <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9e_commune" title="Année commune">année commune</a> qui <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9e_commune_commen%C3%A7ant_un_mardi" title="Année commune commençant un mardi">commence un mardi</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Événements"><span id=".C3.89v.C3.A9nements"></span>Événements</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=642&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Événements" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=642&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Événements"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Juillet" title="Juillet">Juillet</a> : les Arabes poursuivent la <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9riode_islamique_de_l%27%C3%89gypte" title="Période islamique de l'Égypte">conquête de l'Égypte</a><sup id="cite_ref-Bréhier_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bréhier-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> et fondent une nouvelle capitale, <i><a href="/wiki/Fostat" title="Fostat">Fostat</a></i>, actuellement <a href="/wiki/Le_Caire" title="Le Caire">Le Caire</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/17_septembre" title="17 septembre">17 septembre</a> : <a href="/wiki/Alexandrie" title="Alexandrie">Alexandrie</a> est évacuée par les <a href="/wiki/Grecs" title="Grecs">Grecs</a><sup id="cite_ref-Butler_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Butler-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_octobre" title="6 octobre">6 octobre</a> : Byzance perd <a href="/wiki/Dvin" title="Dvin">Dvin</a> en <a href="/wiki/Arm%C3%A9nie" title="Arménie">Arménie</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novembre" title="Novembre">Novembre</a> - <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9cembre" title="Décembre">décembre</a> : le général <a href="/wiki/Amru_ben_al-As" class="mw-redirect" title="Amru ben al-As">Amr</a> s’empare de <a href="/wiki/Barqa_(Libye)" title="Barqa (Libye)">Barqa</a> en <a href="/wiki/Cyr%C3%A9na%C3%AFque" title="Cyrénaïque">Cyrénaïque</a> (avant <time class="nowrap" datetime="0643-03" data-sort-value="0643-03">mars 643</time>)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <ul><li>Hiver 642-643, les Arabes mettent en déroutent le Roi des rois <a href="/wiki/Yazdgard_III" title="Yazdgard III">Yazdgard III</a> à la <a href="/wiki/Bataille_de_Nahavand" title="Bataille de Nahavand">bataille de Nahavand</a> (Nehavend) et font la <a href="/wiki/Conqu%C3%AAte_musulmane_de_la_Perse" title="Conquête musulmane de la Perse">conquête de la Mésopotamie</a>. Le dernier sassanide <a href="/wiki/Yazdgard_III" title="Yazdgard III">Yazdgard III</a> se réfugie à <a href="/wiki/Merv" title="Merv">Merv</a><sup id="cite_ref-Grousset_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grousset-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:The_defeat_of_Pulikesin_II,_the_Chalukhya,_byMahamalla_Pallava_at_Badami.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/The_defeat_of_Pulikesin_II%2C_the_Chalukhya%2C_byMahamalla_Pallava_at_Badami.jpg/220px-The_defeat_of_Pulikesin_II%2C_the_Chalukhya%2C_byMahamalla_Pallava_at_Badami.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/The_defeat_of_Pulikesin_II%2C_the_Chalukhya%2C_byMahamalla_Pallava_at_Badami.jpg/330px-The_defeat_of_Pulikesin_II%2C_the_Chalukhya%2C_byMahamalla_Pallava_at_Badami.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/The_defeat_of_Pulikesin_II%2C_the_Chalukhya%2C_byMahamalla_Pallava_at_Badami.jpg/440px-The_defeat_of_Pulikesin_II%2C_the_Chalukhya%2C_byMahamalla_Pallava_at_Badami.jpg 2x" data-file-width="924" data-file-height="698" /></a><figcaption>La défaite du Chalukhya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulakeshin_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulakeshin II (page inexistante)">Pulakeshin II</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulakeshin_II" class="extiw" title="en:Pulakeshin II"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais : « Pulakeshin II »">(en)</span></a> par les Pallava à Badami.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>En Inde, victoires du roi <a href="/wiki/Dynastie_des_Pallava" title="Dynastie des Pallava">Pallava</a> Narasimhavarman sur les <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2lukya" class="mw-redirect" title="Châlukya">Châlukya</a> de <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A2d%C3%A2mi" class="mw-redirect" title="Bâdâmi">Bâdâmi</a> qui est mise à sac<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campagnes_de_l%27empereur_Taizong_contre_les_Xueyantuo" title="Campagnes de l'empereur Taizong contre les Xueyantuo">Expédition chinoise</a> dans le <a href="/wiki/Turkestan" title="Turkestan">Turkestan</a> occidental qui écrase les <a href="/wiki/Khaganat_turc_occidental" title="Khaganat turc occidental">Turcs occidentaux</a> insoumis dans les environs d’<a href="/wiki/%C3%9Cr%C3%BCmqi" title="Ürümqi">Ürümqi</a><sup id="cite_ref-Grousset2_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grousset2-7"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europe">Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=642&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Europe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=642&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Europe"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Janvier" title="Janvier">Janvier</a><sup id="cite_ref-Morrisson_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morrisson-8"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> : l'<a href="/wiki/Liste_des_empereurs_byzantins" title="Liste des empereurs byzantins">empereur byzantin</a> <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9raclonas" title="Héraclonas">Héraclonas</a> est renversé et déporté à Rhodes. Sa mère <a href="/wiki/Martine_(imp%C3%A9ratrice_byzantine)" title="Martine (impératrice byzantine)">Martine</a> a la langue coupée. <a href="/wiki/Constant_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Constant II">Constant II</a> règne seul.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janvier" title="Janvier">Janvier</a>/<a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9vrier" title="Février">février</a> : le Franc Flaochat devient maire du palais de Bourgogne à l'assemblée d'Orléans convoquée au début de l'année<sup id="cite_ref-Lot_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lot-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>9<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Voyage en <a href="/wiki/Histoire_de_la_Bourgogne" title="Histoire de la Bourgogne">Bourgogne</a> de <a href="/wiki/Nantilde" title="Nantilde">Nantilde</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/10_mai" title="10 mai">10 mai</a> : en <a href="/wiki/Espagne" title="Espagne">Espagne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chindaswinth" class="mw-redirect" title="Chindaswinth">Chindaswinthe</a> est élu <a href="/wiki/Royaume_wisigoth" title="Royaume wisigoth">roi des Wisigoths</a> (fin en <a href="/wiki/653" title="653">653</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-Rosselló_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rosselló-10"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>10<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Il fait mettre à mort ou réduire en esclavage 700 aristocrates qui prétendaient s’opposer à sa toute-puissance<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>11<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mai" title="Mai">Mai</a> : assemblée des grands de Bourgogne convoquée par Flaochat à <a href="/wiki/Chalon-sur-Sa%C3%B4ne" title="Chalon-sur-Saône">Chalon</a> ; un combat entre les partisans de Willibald, patrice de Bourgogne, et ceux de Flaochat est évité par l'interposition d'Amalbert, frère de Flaochat<sup id="cite_ref-Lot_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lot-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>9<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_ao%C3%BBt" title="5 août">5 août</a> : Le roi de <a href="/wiki/Northumbrie" title="Northumbrie">Northumbrie</a> <a href="/wiki/Oswald_(roi_de_Northumbrie)" title="Oswald (roi de Northumbrie)">Oswald</a> est vaincu et tué par <a href="/wiki/Penda" title="Penda">Penda</a> de <a href="/wiki/Mercie" title="Mercie">Mercie</a> à la <a href="/wiki/Bataille_de_Maserfield" title="Bataille de Maserfield">bataille de Maserfield</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>12<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Son frère <a href="/wiki/Oswiu" title="Oswiu">Oswiu</a> lui succède (fin en <a href="/wiki/670" title="670">670</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Septembre" title="Septembre">Septembre</a> : plaid d'<a href="/wiki/Autun" title="Autun">Autun</a>. Willibald, patrice de Bourgogne, est tué par les partisans de Flaochat ; ce-dernier meurt peu après à <a href="/wiki/Chalon-sur-Sa%C3%B4ne" title="Chalon-sur-Saône">Chalon</a> de maladie<sup id="cite_ref-Lot_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lot-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>9<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/11_septembre" title="11 septembre">11 septembre</a> : le Wisigoth Oppila est tué lors d'un combat contre les <a href="/wiki/Basques" title="Basques">Basques</a><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>13<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/24_novembre" title="24 novembre">24 novembre</a> : début du <a href="/wiki/Pontificat" class="mw-redirect" title="Pontificat">pontificat</a> de <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_Ier_(pape)" title="Théodore Ier (pape)">Théodore <abbr class="abbr" title="premier">I<sup>er</sup></abbr></a> (fin en <a href="/wiki/649" title="649">649</a>). Il rejette à son tour l'<a href="/wiki/Ecth%C3%A8se" title="Ecthèse">Ecthèse</a><sup id="cite_ref-Muralt_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Muralt-14"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>14<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <ul><li>Division de l’empire protobulgare de l’Europe sud-orientale entre les cinq fils de <a href="/wiki/Kovrak" class="mw-redirect" title="Kovrak">Kovrak</a> (dont <a href="/wiki/Bayan" title="Bayan">Bayan</a> et <a href="/wiki/Isperik" class="mw-redirect" title="Isperik">Isperik</a> ou Asparuk). Les <a href="/wiki/Khazars" title="Khazars">Khazars</a> profitent de cette division pour occuper le terrain. Les <a href="/wiki/Bulgares" title="Bulgares">Bulgares</a> se regroupent en trois hordes. La première reste sur place et est vassalisée. La seconde fuit vers l’ouest sous la conduite d’Isperik (644-702). La troisième remonte le cours de la <a href="/wiki/Volga" title="Volga">Volga</a> et s’établit au confluent de la <a href="/wiki/Kama_(rivi%C3%A8re)" title="Kama (rivière)">Kama</a><sup id="cite_ref-Grousset_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grousset-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Naissances_en_642"><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Naissance_en_642" title="Catégorie:Naissance en 642">Naissances en 642</a></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=642&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Naissances en 642" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=642&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Naissances en 642"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Julien_II_de_Tol%C3%A8de" class="mw-redirect" title="Julien II de Tolède">Julien II de Tolède</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Hassan_al-Basr%C3%AE" title="Al-Hassan al-Basrî">Al-Hassan al-Basrî</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Décès_en_642"><span id="D.C3.A9c.C3.A8s_en_642"></span><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:D%C3%A9c%C3%A8s_en_642" title="Catégorie:Décès en 642">Décès en 642</a></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=642&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Décès en 642" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=642&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Décès en 642"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/12_octobre" title="12 octobre">12 octobre</a> : <a href="/wiki/Jean_IV_(pape)" title="Jean IV (pape)">Jean IV</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pape" title="Pape">pape</a> de <a href="/wiki/640" title="640">640</a> à 642<sup id="cite_ref-Muralt_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Muralt-14"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>14<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li>Avant <a href="/wiki/Septembre" title="Septembre">septembre</a> : <a href="/wiki/Nantilde" title="Nantilde">Nantilde</a>, reine des Francs, veuve de <a href="/wiki/Dagobert_Ier" title="Dagobert Ier">Dagobert <abbr class="abbr" title="premier">I<sup>er</sup></abbr></a>, régente de Neustrie et de Bourgogne<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>15<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=642&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=642&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Bréhier-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Bréhier_1-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Bréhier1946"><span class="ouvrage" id="Louis_Bréhier1946"><a href="/wiki/Louis_Br%C3%A9hier" title="Louis Bréhier">Louis <span class="nom_auteur">Bréhier</span></a>, <cite class="italique">Vie et mort de Byzance</cite>, Paris, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Albin_Michel" title="Éditions Albin Michel">Albin Michel</a>, <time>1946</time>, 596 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://classiques.uqac.ca/classiques/brehier_louis/monde_byzantin/brehier_vie_et_mort_byzance.pdf">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Vie+et+mort+de+Byzance&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Albin+Michel&rft.aulast=Br%C3%A9hier&rft.aufirst=Louis&rft.date=1946&rft.tpages=596&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A642"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Butler-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Butler_2-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Butler2008"><span class="ouvrage" id="Alfred_J._Butler2008">Alfred J. Butler, <cite class="italique">The Arab Conquest of Egypt : And the Last Thirty Years of the Roman Dominion</cite>, READ BOOKS, <time>2008</time>, 612 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-1-4437-2783-9" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-1-4437-2783-9"><span class="nowrap">978-1-4437-2783-9</span></a> et <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/1-4437-2783-0" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/1-4437-2783-0"><span class="nowrap">1-4437-2783-0</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fr/books?id=frW2YrfQeJwC&pg=PA544">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Arab+Conquest+of+Egypt+%3A+And+the+Last+Thirty+Years+of+the+Roman+Dominion&rft.pub=READ+BOOKS&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=Alfred+J.&rft.date=2008&rft.tpages=612&rft.isbn=978-1-4437-2783-9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A642"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Howard-Johnston1999"><span class="ouvrage" id="James_Howard-Johnston1999"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a href="/wiki/James_Howard-Johnston" title="James Howard-Johnston">James Howard-Johnston</a>, <cite class="italique" lang="en">The Armenian history attributed to Sebeos : Historical commentary</cite>, Liverpool, Liverpool University Press, <time>1999</time>, 355 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/0-85323-564-3" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/0-85323-564-3"><span class="nowrap">0-85323-564-3</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fr/books?id=YzsVvsMsuBUC&pg=PA101">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Armenian+history+attributed+to+Sebeos&rft.place=Liverpool&rft.pub=Liverpool+University+Press&rft.stitle=Historical+commentary&rft.aulast=Howard-Johnston&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1999&rft.tpages=355&rft.isbn=0-85323-564-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A642"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Thiry1995"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jacques_Thiry1995">Jacques Thiry, <cite class="italique">Le Sahara libyen dans l'Afrique du nord médiévale</cite>, Louvain, Peeters Publishers, <time>1995</time>, 604 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/90-6831-739-3" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/90-6831-739-3"><span class="nowrap">90-6831-739-3</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fr/books?id=qy4PBt7m3uAC&pg=PA23">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Le+Sahara+libyen+dans+l%27Afrique+du+nord+m%C3%A9di%C3%A9vale&rft.place=Louvain&rft.pub=Peeters+Publishers&rft.aulast=Thiry&rft.aufirst=Jacques&rft.date=1995&rft.tpages=604&rft.isbn=90-6831-739-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A642"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grousset-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Grousset_5-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Grousset_5-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Grousset1965"><span class="ouvrage" id="René_Grousset1965">René Grousset, <cite class="italique"><a href="/wiki/L%E2%80%99Empire_des_steppes" class="mw-redirect" title="L’Empire des steppes">L’Empire des steppes</a>, Attila, Gengis-Khan, Tamerlan</cite>, Paris, <a href="/wiki/Payot_(%C3%A9ditions)" class="mw-redirect" title="Payot (éditions)">Payot</a>, <time>1965</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://classiques.uqac.ca/classiques/grousset_rene/empire_des_steppes/grousset_steppes.pdf">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=L%E2%80%99Empire+des+steppes%2C+Attila%2C+Gengis-Khan%2C+Tamerlan&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Payot&rft.aulast=Grousset&rft.aufirst=Ren%C3%A9&rft.date=1965&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A642"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Parlier-Renault2007"><span class="ouvrage" id="Édith_Parlier-Renault2007">Édith Parlier-Renault, <cite class="italique">Temples de l'Inde méridionale (<abbr class="abbr" title="6ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">VI</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> – <abbr class="abbr" title="8ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">VIII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècles) : La mise en scène des mythes</cite>, Presses Paris Sorbonne, <time>2007</time>, 413 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-84050-464-1" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-84050-464-1"><span class="nowrap">978-2-84050-464-1</span></a> et <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/2-84050-464-2" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/2-84050-464-2"><span class="nowrap">2-84050-464-2</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fr/books?id=cGN0-IV0pwoC&pg=PR2-IA33">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Temples+de+l%27Inde+m%C3%A9ridionale+%28VIe%E2%80%89%E2%80%93%E2%80%89VIIIe%26nbsp%3Bsi%C3%A8cles%29&rft.pub=Presses+Paris+Sorbonne&rft.stitle=La+mise+en+sc%C3%A8ne+des+mythes&rft.aulast=Parlier-Renault&rft.aufirst=%C3%89dith&rft.date=2007&rft.tpages=413&rft.isbn=978-2-84050-464-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A642"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grousset2-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Grousset2_7-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Grousset_(1885-1952)1942"><span class="ouvrage" id="René_Grousset_(1885-1952)1942">René Grousset (1885-1952), « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://classiques.uqac.ca/classiques/grousset_rene/C16_histoire_de_la_chine/histoire_chine_rg.pdf"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Histoire de la Chine</cite></a> » <abbr class="abbr indicateur-format format-pdf" title="Document au format Portable Document Format (PDF) d'Adobe">[PDF]</abbr>, Club des Libraires de France, première édition : 1942</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Morrisson-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Morrisson_8-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="WernerMorrisson1982"><span class="ouvrage" id="Seibt_WernerCécile_Morrisson1982">Seibt Werner et Cécile Morrisson, <cite class="italique">Sceaux de commerciaires byzantins du <abbr class="abbr" title="7ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">VII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle trouvés à Carthage</cite>, Revue numismatique, Volume 6 Numéro 24 pp 222-241, <time>1982</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/numi_0484-8942_1982_num_6_24_1830">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sceaux+de+commerciaires+byzantins+du+VIIe%26nbsp%3Bsi%C3%A8cle+trouv%C3%A9s+%C3%A0+Carthage&rft.pub=Revue+numismatique%2C+Volume+6+Num%C3%A9ro+24+pp+222-241&rft.aulast=Werner&rft.aufirst=Seibt&rft.au=C%C3%A9cile+Morrisson&rft.date=1982&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A642"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lot-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Lot_9-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lot_9-1">b</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Lot_9-2">c</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Lot1948"><span class="ouvrage" id="Ferdinand_Lot1948">Ferdinand <span class="nom_auteur">Lot</span>, <cite class="italique">Naissance de la France</cite>, <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Librairie Arthème Fayard</a>, <time>1948</time>, 864 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://classiques.uqac.ca/classiques/lot_ferdinand/Naissance_de_la_france/lot_naissance_france.doc">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Naissance+de+la+France&rft.pub=Librairie+Arth%C3%A8me+Fayard&rft.aulast=Lot&rft.aufirst=Ferdinand&rft.date=1948&rft.tpages=864&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A642"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rosselló-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Rosselló_10-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Maria_Bover_de_Rosselló1855"><span class="ouvrage" id="Joaquim_Maria_Bover_de_Rosselló1855">Joaquim Maria Bover de Rosselló, <cite class="italique">Historia de la Casa Real de Mallorca y noticias de las monedas propias de esta isla</cite>, Felipe Guasp y Barberi, <time>1855</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fr/books?id=oa2etko86hwC&pg=PA103">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historia+de+la+Casa+Real+de+Mallorca+y+noticias+de+las+monedas+propias+de+esta+isla&rft.pub=Felipe+Guasp+y+Barberi&rft.au=Joaquim+Maria+Bover+de+Rossell%C3%B3&rft.date=1855&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A642"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Heather1998"><span class="ouvrage" id="Peter_Heather1998">Peter Heather, <cite class="italique">The Goths</cite>, <a href="/wiki/Wiley-Blackwell" title="Wiley-Blackwell">Wiley-Blackwell</a>, <time>1998</time>, 378 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-0-631-20932-4" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-0-631-20932-4"><span class="nowrap">978-0-631-20932-4</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fr/books?id=eCf0Tjg0BukC&pg=PA290">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Goths&rft.pub=Wiley-Blackwell&rft.aulast=Heather&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=1998&rft.tpages=378&rft.isbn=978-0-631-20932-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A642"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Craig2004"><span class="ouvrage" id="D._J._Craig2004"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> D. J. <span class="nom_auteur">Craig</span>, <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">« Oswald [St Oswald] (603/4–642) »</cite>, dans <cite class="italique" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></cite>, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, <time>2004</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/20916">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Inscription nécessaire pour accéder au document"><img alt="Inscription nécessaire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.atitle=Oswald+%5BSt+Oswald%5D+%28603%2F4%E2%80%93642%29&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.aulast=Craig&rft.aufirst=D.+J.&rft.date=2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A642"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Rouche1979"><span class="ouvrage" id="Michel_Rouche1979">Michel Rouche, <cite class="italique">L'Aquitaine des Wisigoths aux Arabes, 418-781 : naissance d'une région</cite>, L'École des hautes études en sciences sociales ; J. Touzot, <time>1979</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fr/books?id=q-ZnAAAAMAAJ&q=%22septembre+642%22">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=L%27Aquitaine+des+Wisigoths+aux+Arabes%2C+418-781&rft.pub=L%27%C3%89cole+des+hautes+%C3%A9tudes+en+sciences+sociales+%3B+J.+Touzot&rft.stitle=naissance+d%27une+r%C3%A9gion&rft.aulast=Rouche&rft.aufirst=Michel&rft.date=1979&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A642"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Muralt-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Muralt_14-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Muralt_14-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="von_Muralt1855"><span class="ouvrage" id="Eduard_von_Muralt1855"><a href="/wiki/Eduard_von_Muralt" class="mw-redirect" title="Eduard von Muralt">Eduard von Muralt</a>, <cite class="italique">Essai de chronographie byzantine : Pour servir à l'examen des annales du bas-empire et particulièrement des chronographes slavons de 395 à 1057</cite>, St. Petersbourg, Eggers, <time>1855</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fr/books?id=-n8BAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA296">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Essai+de+chronographie+byzantine+%3A+Pour+servir+%C3%A0+l%27examen+des+annales+du+bas-empire+et+particuli%C3%A8rement+des+chronographes+slavons+de+395+%C3%A0+1057&rft.place=St.+Petersbourg&rft.pub=Eggers&rft.au=Eduard+von+Muralt&rft.date=1855&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A642"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="LotPfisterLouis_Ganshof1928"><span class="ouvrage" id="Ferdinand_LotChristian_PfisterFrançois_Louis_Ganshof1928">Ferdinand Lot, Christian Pfister et François Louis Ganshof, <cite class="italique">Les destinées de l'empire en Occident de 395 à 888</cite>, Les Presses universitaires de France, <time>1928</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fr/books?id=GELTAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Nanthilde+%28septembre%29%22">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Les+destin%C3%A9es+de+l%27empire+en+Occident+de+395+%C3%A0+888&rft.pub=Les+Presses+universitaires+de+France&rft.aulast=Lot&rft.aufirst=Ferdinand&rft.au=Christian+Pfister&rft.au=Fran%C3%A7ois+Louis+Ganshof&rft.date=1928&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A642"></span></span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=642&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=642&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/date/0642/">L’année 642</a> sur le site de la <a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">Bibliothèque nationale de France</a></li></ul> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Haut_Moyen_%C3%82ge" title="Portail du haut Moyen Âge"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Charlemagne_autograph.svg/28px-Charlemagne_autograph.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Charlemagne_autograph.svg/42px-Charlemagne_autograph.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Charlemagne_autograph.svg/55px-Charlemagne_autograph.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="586" data-file-height="509" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Haut_Moyen_%C3%82ge" title="Portail:Haut Moyen Âge">Portail du haut Moyen Âge</a></span> </span></li> </ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Ce document provient de « <a dir="ltr" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=642&oldid=215285343">https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=642&oldid=215285343</a> ».</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Accueil" title="Catégorie:Accueil">Catégorie</a> : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:642" title="Catégorie:642">642</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Catégories cachées : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Article_utilisant_une_Infobox" title="Catégorie:Article utilisant une Infobox">Article utilisant une Infobox</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Article_contenant_un_appel_%C3%A0_traduction_en_anglais" title="Catégorie:Article contenant un appel à traduction en anglais">Article contenant un appel à traduction en anglais</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Portail:Haut_Moyen_%C3%82ge/Articles_li%C3%A9s" title="Catégorie:Portail:Haut Moyen Âge/Articles liés">Portail:Haut Moyen Âge/Articles liés</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Portail:Moyen_%C3%82ge/Articles_li%C3%A9s" title="Catégorie:Portail:Moyen Âge/Articles liés">Portail:Moyen Âge/Articles liés</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Portail:Histoire/Articles_li%C3%A9s" title="Catégorie:Portail:Histoire/Articles liés">Portail:Histoire/Articles liés</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 21 mai 2024 à 19:29.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright"><span style="white-space: normal"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Citation_et_r%C3%A9utilisation_du_contenu_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia" title="Wikipédia:Citation et réutilisation du contenu de Wikipédia">Droit d'auteur</a> : les textes sont disponibles sous <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr">licence Creative Commons attribution, partage dans les mêmes conditions</a> ; d’autres conditions peuvent s’appliquer. Voyez les <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policy:Terms_of_Use/fr">conditions d’utilisation</a> pour plus de détails, ainsi que les <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Cr%C3%A9dits_graphiques" title="Wikipédia:Crédits graphiques">crédits graphiques</a>. En cas de réutilisation des textes de cette page, voyez <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Citer/642" title="Spécial:Citer/642">comment citer les auteurs et mentionner la licence</a>.<br /> Wikipedia® est une marque déposée de la <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, organisation de bienfaisance régie par le paragraphe <a href="/wiki/501c" title="501c">501(c)(3)</a> du code fiscal des États-Unis.</span><br /></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy/fr">Politique de confidentialité</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:%C3%80_propos_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia">À propos de Wikipédia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Avertissements_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9raux">Avertissements</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipédia:Contact">Contact</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code de conduite</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Développeurs</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/fr.wikipedia.org">Statistiques</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Déclaration sur les témoins (cookies)</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//fr.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=642&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Version mobile</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6b7f745dd4-fjjlm","wgBackendResponseTime":175,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.233","walltime":"0.615","ppvisitednodes":{"value":2250,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":46512,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":4980,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":15,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":4,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":22283,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 301.215 1 -total"," 34.85% 104.971 1 Modèle:Références"," 24.20% 72.902 13 Modèle:Ouvrage"," 22.41% 67.488 1 Modèle:Portail"," 19.06% 57.426 1 Modèle:Palette_Années"," 18.32% 55.179 1 Modèle:Méta_infobox_navigation"," 13.95% 42.019 1 Modèle:Catégorisation_badges"," 12.59% 37.909 1 Modèle:Homonymie-nombre"," 11.88% 35.777 1 Modèle:Homonymie-nombre/contenu"," 11.17% 33.650 1 Modèle:Méta_bandeau_de_note"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.086","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":4823671,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-5dc468848-p92w8","timestamp":"20241124122440","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"642","url":"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/642","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q30872","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q30872","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributeurs aux projets Wikimedia"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondation Wikimedia, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-03-28T09:11:06Z","dateModified":"2024-05-21T18:29:29Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/ef\/29-CHINDASVINTO.JPG","headline":"ann\u00e9e"}</script> </body> </html>