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<img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518im_/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/wp-content/themes/cgd-blogs_new/images/layout/breadcrumb-arrow.png" alt=""/> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://www.cgdev.org/blogs">Blogs</a> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518im_/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/wp-content/themes/cgd-blogs_new/images/layout/breadcrumb-arrow.png" alt=""/> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment">Global Development: Views from the Center</a> <div class="clear"></div> </div> <h1 class="title" style="font-size: 32px; font-weight: bold;"><a style="text-decoration: none;color: #F23914;" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518im_/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/wp-content/themes/cgd-blogs_new/images/blog_icons/Views_large.gif"> <span style="position: relative; bottom: 24px;">Global Development: Views from the Center</a></h1><div style="height:20px"></span> </div> <table style="width:100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tr>  <td id="section-content" valign="top"> <div class="post" id="post-6182"> <h1><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/2011/06/happiness-as-development.php" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to Happiness as Development">Happiness as Development</a></h1> <h4 class="noline">June 16, 2011 </h4> <div style="float:left;">By <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/author/charleskenny/" title="Posts by Charles Kenny">Charles Kenny</a> in <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/category/economic-development" title="View all posts in Economic Development" rel="category tag">Economic Development</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/category/economic-growth" title="View all posts in Economic Growth" rel="category tag">Economic Growth</a> Tags: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/tag/development" rel="tag">development</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/tag/happiness" rel="tag">Happiness</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/tag/measures-of-development" rel="tag">measures of development</a> </div><div style="float:right;margin-top: 6px;width: 216px;"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://twitter.com/share" class="twitter-share-button" data-count="horizontal" data-via="CGDev">Tweet</a><fb:like href="http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/2011/06/happiness-as-development.php" send="false" layout="button_count" width="100" show_faces="false" font=""></fb:like></div> <br clear="all"> <p><a rel="author" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/author/charleskenny/"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518im_/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/files/userphoto/charleskenny.thumbnail.jpg" alt="Charles Kenny" width="110" height="110" class="bookcover left"/></a><p>CGD has just published my <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1425209/">essay</a> on using happiness polls to guide policy decisions.</p> <p>I’m a big fan of the economics of happiness –it throws up some very interesting findings. For example, take the coefficients from this <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://www.sfu.ca/~kathleea/phil100/lectures/100_08.Last.pdf">paper</a>. They suggest that people are a <strong>lot</strong> happier than average during moments of intimate relations and somewhat less happy than average every minute when commuting. But the average person spends a lot longer commuting than they do being intimate. So, overall, people are made about three times more unhappy by commuting than they are made happy by intimate relations each day. I’ll leave it to you to think about the potential personal and policy implications of this conclusion.</p> <p>Perhaps more relevant to CGD’s work, there is a growing number of papers looking at subjective measures of the quality of life in developed and developing countries alike that are suggesting some of our traditional objective measures miss a lot of what is going on. Carol Graham at Brookings <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://www.voxeu.org/index.php?q=node/4539">notes</a> the paradox of happy peasants and miserable millionaires–a number of those people who have benefited most in terms of income gains are some of the least content. Surveys of <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://www.hks.harvard.edu/fs/lpritch/India/Dalit_survey_inequality_EPW.pdf">Dalits</a> in India suggest that a whole raft of (positive) social changes are going on that are missed by traditional poverty analyses. So, three cheers to subjective wellbeing analysis for opening up some exciting new approaches to old questions.</p> <p><span id="more-6182"></span></p> <p>At the same time, I’m worried about the idea of abandoning one flawed and over simple measure of development progress (income), and replacing it with another (happiness poll answers). Humans are just too complicated to be constrained to one thing to maximize. For example, the subjective wellbeing literature says that having kids has almost no effect on ours answers to happiness polls –does that mean that kids just don’t matter much to their parents? The polls also suggest that our answers are to some considerable degree genetically determined –if we are after maximizing happiness, does that mean we should sterilize the miserable? Surely it’s a good thing if people answer the question ‘thinking about your life overall, do you consider yourself happy?’ with a ‘yes.’ But there’s much more to life than a sunny disposition –and much more to policy, too.</p> <h3>Possibly Related Posts</h3> <ul> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/2011/06/good-news-history-%e2%89%a0-destiny.php" rel="bookmark">Good News: History Does Not Equal Destiny</a></li> </ul> </p> <p><div><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://twitter.com/share" class="twitter-share-button" data-count="horizontal" data-via="CGDev">Tweet</a><script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518js_/http://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js"></script><fb:like href="http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/2011/06/happiness-as-development.php" send="false" layout="button_count" width="100" show_faces="false" font=""></fb:like>  <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://www.addthis.com/bookmark.php?pub=blogohblog&url=http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/2011/06/happiness-as-development.php&title=Happiness as Development" title="Bookmark using any bookmark manager!" target="_blank"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518im_/http://s9.addthis.com/button1-bm.gif" width="125" height="16" border="0" alt="AddThis Social Bookmark Button"/></a></p> <div> <br/> <div align="left"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/2011/06/cash-at-your-fingertips-biometric-technology-for-transfer-systems.php" rel="prev"><< Previous Post</a></div> <div align="right"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/2011/06/avoiding-a-credit-bubble-in-latin-america-unconventional-measures-for-extraordinary-times.php" rel="next">Next Post >></a></div> </div> <div class="my-trackbacks"></div> <p> <small> <span> </span> </small> </p>    <br clear="all"> <div class="comments"><h3 id="comments">2 Responses to “Happiness as Development”</h3></div> <ol class="commentlist"> <li class="alt" id="comment-33136"> <div class="gcomment"><cite>kmcg</cite> : <br/> <small class="commentmetadata"><a href="#comment-33136" title="">June 22nd, 2011 at 3:59 am</a> </small></div> <div class="ucomment"><p>The OECD launched its first indicator of happiness: “the better life index”<br/> The result of their work has led to an interactive website, where every citizen, according to his concerns, can discover the country where it is the best to live<br/> Link to the OECD report:<br/> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/4/31/47917288.pdf" rel="nofollow">http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/4/31/47917288.pdf</a><br/> Link to the interactive website:<br/> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org/" rel="nofollow">http://www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org/</a></p> </div> </li> <li id="comment-34481"> <div class="gcomment"><cite>Joe Ryan</cite> : <br/> <small class="commentmetadata"><a href="#comment-34481" title="">June 27th, 2011 at 10:18 pm</a> </small></div> <div class="ucomment"><p>Bob Altemeyer reports that militant fundamentalists self-report more happiness than the rest of the population. See his writing on “Authoritarians.”</p> </div> </li> </ol>  <div id="comment_post_div"> <div class="comments"><h3>Post a Comment</h3></div> <p>We value frank and constructive exchanges and encourage you to use your real name in your comments.</p> <form action="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/wp-comments-post.php" method="post" id="commentform"> <p><input type="text" name="author" id="author" value="" size="22" tabindex="1"/> <label for="author"><small>Name (required, will be published)</small></label></p> <p><input type="text" name="email" id="email" value="" size="22" tabindex="2"/> <label for="email"><small>Mail (required, will NOT be published or otherwise shared)</small></label></p> <p><input type="text" name="url" id="url" value="" size="22" tabindex="3"/> <label for="url"><small>Website (optional, your organization or online bio, for example. 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class="ctc-tag tag-link-27" title="21 topics" rel="tag" style="font-size: 10pt;">World Trade Organization</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/tag/zimbabwe" class="ctc-tag tag-link-11" title="17 topics" rel="tag" style="font-size: 9.3333333333333pt;">Zimbabwe</a></div></li> <li id="get-recent-comments" class="widget widget_get_recent_comments"><h2 class="widgettitle">Comments</h2> <div id="get_recent_comments_wrap"><ul> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/2011/06/food-aid-for-development-does-it-make-sense-with-feed-the-future.php#comment-43354" title="Can Food Aid Help Feed the Future?, June 13, 2011">Isaac Labani Sambo</a> on <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/2011/06/food-aid-for-development-does-it-make-sense-with-feed-the-future.php">Can Food Aid Help Feed the Future?</a>: NIGERIA’S LAND POLICY AND FOOD SECURITY: The Food and Agricultural Organization of...<br><br> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/2011/08/obama-set-to-lob-canadian-carbon-bomb-at-india.php#comment-42686" title="Obama Set to Lob Canadian Carbon Bomb at India, August 22, 2011">Peter Schaefer</a> on <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/2011/08/obama-set-to-lob-canadian-carbon-bomb-at-india.php">Obama Set to Lob Canadian Carbon Bomb at India</a>: This is a typical alarmist screed that takes a few facts and extrapolates dire...<br><br> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/2011/08/time-for-new-leverage-in-syria-dirt-sanctions.php#comment-42637" title="Time for New Leverage in Syria: DIRT Sanctions, August 15, 2011">Lou Wells</a> on <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/2011/08/time-for-new-leverage-in-syria-dirt-sanctions.php">Time for New Leverage in Syria: DIRT Sanctions</a>: Kim, Fortunately or unfortunately (depends on your view), I am also not a lawyer. I am...<br><br> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/2011/08/famine-and-food-prices-what-is-the-g-20-waiting-for.php#comment-42404" title="Famine and Food Prices: What Is the G-20 Waiting For?, August 19, 2011">Peter</a> on <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/2011/08/famine-and-food-prices-what-is-the-g-20-waiting-for.php">Famine and Food Prices: What Is the G-20 Waiting For?</a>: Agreed we need longterm solutions. Aid is dearly needed right now, but it...<br><br> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/2011/08/time-for-new-leverage-in-syria-dirt-sanctions.php#comment-42098" title="Time for New Leverage in Syria: DIRT Sanctions, August 15, 2011">Susan Ariel Aaronson</a> on <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://blogs.cgdev.org/globaldevelopment/2011/08/time-for-new-leverage-in-syria-dirt-sanctions.php">Time for New Leverage in Syria: DIRT Sanctions</a>: Kim, as we discussed, I think this is original and constructive, but...<br><br> </ul></div></li> <li id="text-377671561" class="widget widget_text"><h2 class="widgettitle">Blogroll</h2> <div class="textwidget"><ul><li class="textwidget"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://africacan.worldbank.org/" target="_new">Africa Can End Poverty</a></li> <li class="textwidget"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903150518/http://blog.aiddata.org/" 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