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href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B0%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3&returnto=%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81" title="ログインすることを推奨します。ただし、必須ではありません。 [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ログイン</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ログアウトした編集者のページ <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AD%E3%83%9A%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A2%E3%81%B8%E3%82%88%E3%81%86%E3%81%93%E3%81%9D" aria-label="編集の詳細"><span>もっと詳しく</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E8%87%AA%E5%88%86%E3%81%AE%E6%8A%95%E7%A8%BF%E8%A8%98%E9%8C%B2" title="このIPアドレスからなされた編集の一覧 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>投稿記録</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%83%88%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8" title="このIPアドレスからなされた編集についての議論 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>トーク</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="サイト"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目次" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目次</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">サイドバーに移動</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">非表示</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">ページ先頭</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-概要" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#概要"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>概要</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-概要-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-日本における急流" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#日本における急流"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>日本における急流</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-日本における急流-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-脚注" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#脚注"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>脚注</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-脚注-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-関連項目" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#関連項目"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>関連項目</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-関連項目-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目次" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="目次の表示・非表示を切り替え" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">目次の表示・非表示を切り替え</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">急流</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="特定の記事の別の言語版に移動します。利用可能な言語56件" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-56" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">56の言語版</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stromschnelle" title="スイスドイツ語: Stromschnelle" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Stromschnelle" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="スイスドイツ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%86%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9%D8%A9" title="アラビア語: تيارات نهرية سريعة" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تيارات نهرية سريعة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="アラビア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabi%C3%B3n" title="アストゥリアス語: Rabión" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Rabión" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="アストゥリアス語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D1%8B%D0%BB%D2%93%D0%B0_%D2%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D3%99%D0%BB%D1%82%D3%99%D2%BB%D0%B5" title="バシキール語: Йылға һикәлтәһе" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Йылға һикәлтәһе" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="バシキール語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96" title="ベラルーシ語: Парог ракі" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Парог ракі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="ベラルーシ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography): Парог ракі" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Парог ракі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="ブルガリア語: Бързей" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Бързей" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="ブルガリア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A0pid" title="カタロニア語: Ràpid" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ràpid" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="カタロニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%98%C3%AD%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_pr%C3%A1h" title="チェコ語: Říční práh" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Říční práh" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="チェコ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="チュヴァシ語: Шарлак" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Шарлак" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="チュヴァシ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stromschnelle" title="ドイツ語: Stromschnelle" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Stromschnelle" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ドイツ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapids" title="英語: Rapids" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Rapids" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapidfluo" title="エスペラント語: Rapidfluo" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Rapidfluo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="エスペラント語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabi%C3%B3n" title="スペイン語: Rabión" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Rabión" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="スペイン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A4restik" title="エストニア語: Kärestik" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kärestik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="エストニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ur-laster" title="バスク語: Ur-laster" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ur-laster" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="バスク語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A8" title="ペルシア語: تنداب" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تنداب" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="ペルシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koski" title="フィンランド語: Koski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Koski" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="フィンランド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapides_(hydrologie)" title="フランス語: Rapides (hydrologie)" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rapides (hydrologie)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="フランス語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%93" title="ヘブライ語: אשד" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אשד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ヘブライ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE" title="ヒンディー語: क्षिप्रिका" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="क्षिप्रिका" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ヒンディー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sell%C5%91_(f%C3%B6ldrajz)" title="ハンガリー語: Sellő (földrajz)" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Sellő (földrajz)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ハンガリー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riam" title="インドネシア語: Riam" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Riam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="インドネシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapida" title="イタリア語: Rapida" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Rapida" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="イタリア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ジョージア語: ჭორომი" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჭორომი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="ジョージア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D2%A3%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="カザフ語: Шоңғал" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Шоңғал" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="カザフ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B8%89%EB%A5%98" title="韓国語: 급류" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="급류" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韓国語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cataracta_(angustiae)" title="ラテン語: Cataracta (angustiae)" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Cataracta (angustiae)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ラテン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Up%C4%97s_slenks%C4%8Diai" title="リトアニア語: Upės slenksčiai" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Upės slenksčiai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="リトアニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8" title="マケドニア語: Брзаци" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Брзаци" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="マケドニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0" title="マラヤーラム語: ദ്രുതധാര" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ദ്രുതധാര" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="マラヤーラム語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE" title="モンゴル語: Боргио" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Боргио" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="モンゴル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeram_(hidrologi)" title="マレー語: Jeram (hidrologi)" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Jeram (hidrologi)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="マレー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stroomversnelling" title="オランダ語: Stroomversnelling" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Stroomversnelling" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="オランダ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stryk" title="ノルウェー語(ニーノシュク): Stryk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Stryk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="ノルウェー語(ニーノシュク)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stryk" title="ノルウェー語(ブークモール): Stryk" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Stryk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="ノルウェー語(ブークモール)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%B3g_rzeczny" title="ポーランド語: Próg rzeczny" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Próg rzeczny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="ポーランド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corredeira" title="ポルトガル語: Corredeira" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Corredeira" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="ポルトガル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repezi%C8%99" title="ルーマニア語: Repeziș" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Repeziș" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="ルーマニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3" title="ロシア語: Речной порог" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Речной порог" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ロシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%8B" title="サハ語: Харгы" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Харгы" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="サハ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brzaci" title="セルボ・クロアチア語: Brzaci" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Brzaci" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="セルボ・クロアチア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapids" title="シンプル英語: Rapids" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Rapids" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="シンプル英語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machiti" title="ショナ語: Machiti" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Machiti" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="ショナ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="セルビア語: Слапови" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Слапови" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="セルビア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fors_(vattendrag)" title="スウェーデン語: Fors (vattendrag)" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fors (vattendrag)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="スウェーデン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="タミル語: நீரோடைகள்" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நீரோடைகள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="タミル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87" title="タイ語: แก่ง" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แก่ง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="タイ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akanak" title="トルコ語: Akanak" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Akanak" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="トルコ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B3" title="ウクライナ語: Річковий поріг" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Річковий поріг" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ウクライナ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostonalar" title="ウズベク語: Ostonalar" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ostonalar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ウズベク語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gh%E1%BB%81nh" title="ベトナム語: Ghềnh" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ghềnh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ベトナム語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AD%E1%83%A7%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%AD%E1%83%A7%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="メグレル語: ჭყორჭყონტი" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჭყორჭყონტი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="メグレル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81" title="中国語: 急流" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="急流" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="中国語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81" title="漢文: 急流" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="急流" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="漢文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81" title="広東語: 急流" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="急流" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="広東語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q695793#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="言語間リンクを編集" class="wbc-editpage">リンクを編集</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="名前空間"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81" title="本文を閲覧 [c]" accesskey="c"><span>ページ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88:%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="「本文ページについての議論」 (存在しないページ) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>ノート</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="別の言語に切り替える" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">日本語</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="表示"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81"><span>閲覧</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81&action=edit" title="このページのソースコードを編集する [e]" accesskey="e"><span>編集</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81&action=history" title="このページの過去の版 [h]" accesskey="h"><span>履歴表示</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="ページツール"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ツール" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ツール</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ツール</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">サイドバーに移動</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">非表示</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="その他の操作" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81"><span>閲覧</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81&action=edit" title="このページのソースコードを編集する [e]" accesskey="e"><span>編集</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81&action=history"><span>履歴表示</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 全般 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AF%E5%85%83/%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81" title="ここにリンクしている全ウィキページの一覧 [j]" accesskey="j"><span>リンク元</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E9%96%A2%E9%80%A3%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E3%81%AE%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0%E7%8A%B6%E6%B3%81/%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81" rel="nofollow" title="このページからリンクしているページの最近の更新 [k]" accesskey="k"><span>関連ページの更新状況</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB%E3%81%AE%E3%82%A2%E3%83%83%E3%83%97%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89" title="ファイルをアップロードする [u]" accesskey="u"><span>ファイルをアップロード</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E4%B8%80%E8%A6%A7" title="特別ページの一覧 [q]" accesskey="q"><span>特別ページ</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81&oldid=98065013" title="このページのこの版への固定リンク"><span>この版への固定リンク</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81&action=info" title="このページについての詳細情報"><span>ページ情報</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%81%93%E3%81%AE%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E3%82%92%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8&page=%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81&id=98065013&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="このページの引用方法"><span>このページを引用</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fja.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E6%2580%25A5%25E6%25B5%2581"><span>短縮URLを取得する</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fja.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E6%2580%25A5%25E6%25B5%2581"><span>QRコードをダウンロード</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 印刷/書き出し </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%83%96%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81"><span>ブックの新規作成</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF 形式でダウンロード</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81&printable=yes" title="このページの印刷用ページ [p]" accesskey="p"><span>印刷用バージョン</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 他のプロジェクト </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Rapids" hreflang="en"><span>コモンズ</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q695793" title="関連付けられたデータリポジトリ項目へのリンク [g]" accesskey="g"><span>ウィキデータ項目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="ページツール"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="表示"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">表示</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" 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href="/wiki/%E6%97%A9%E7%80%AC_(%E6%9B%96%E6%98%A7%E3%81%95%E5%9B%9E%E9%81%BF)" class="mw-disambig" title="早瀬 (曖昧さ回避)">早瀬 (曖昧さ回避)</a>」をご覧ください。</td> </tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r101304250">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output 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class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/50px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/75px-Question_book-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/100px-Question_book-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="204" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>この記事は<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%A4%9C%E8%A8%BC%E5%8F%AF%E8%83%BD%E6%80%A7" title="Wikipedia:検証可能性">検証可能</a>な<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E4%BF%A1%E9%A0%BC%E3%81%A7%E3%81%8D%E3%82%8B%E6%83%85%E5%A0%B1%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:信頼できる情報源">参考文献や出典</a>が全く示されていないか、不十分です。</b><span class="hide-when-compact"> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%87%BA%E5%85%B8%E3%82%92%E6%98%8E%E8%A8%98%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B" title="Wikipedia:出典を明記する">出典を追加</a>して記事の信頼性向上にご協力ください。<small>（<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%87%BA%E5%85%B8%E3%81%AE%E6%98%8E%E8%A8%98/doc" title="Template:出典の明記/doc">このテンプレートの使い方</a>）</small><br /><small><span class="plainlinks">出典検索<a href="/wiki/Template:Find_sources_mainspace" title="Template:Find sources mainspace"><sup>?</sup></a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.co.jp/search?hl=ja&as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81%22&num=50">"急流"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.co.jp/search?hl=ja&q=%22%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81%22&tbm=nws">ニュース</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.co.jp/search?hl=ja&tbs=bks:1&q=%22%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81%22">書籍</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//scholar.google.co.jp/scholar?num=100&hl=ja&q=%22%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81%22">スカラー</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/opensearch/search?lang=ja&q=%22%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81%22&range=2&count=200&sortorder=1&type=0">CiNii</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/result/global/-char/ja?globalSearchKey=%22%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81%22">J-STAGE</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ndlsearch.ndl.go.jp/api/openurl?any=%22%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81%22">NDL</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dlib.jp/?q=%22%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81%22">dlib.jp</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jpsearch.go.jp/csearch/jps-cross?csid=jps-cross&keyword=%22%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81%22">ジャパンサーチ</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/">TWL</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date"><span title="2022-03-26">2022年3月</span></span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Violent_water_below_Niagara_Falls.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Violent_water_below_Niagara_Falls.jpg/250px-Violent_water_below_Niagara_Falls.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Violent_water_below_Niagara_Falls.jpg/375px-Violent_water_below_Niagara_Falls.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Violent_water_below_Niagara_Falls.jpg/500px-Violent_water_below_Niagara_Falls.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%8A%E3%82%A4%E3%82%A2%E3%82%AC%E3%83%A9%E3%81%AE%E6%BB%9D" title="ナイアガラの滝">ナイアガラの滝</a>の下流の乱流</figcaption></figure> <p><b>急流</b>（きゅうりゅう）、あるいは<b>早瀬</b>（はやせ）は、比較的急な傾斜になっていて水の速度が速く、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%B1%E6%B5%81" title="乱流">乱流</a>になっているような<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%9D" title="川">川</a>の区間である。 </p><p>なお、早瀬は流れの速い<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%B5%81" title="海流">海流</a>の形容と、その現象が生じる狭い<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1" title="海峡">海峡</a>の一般的な呼称としても用いられる。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="概要"><span id=".E6.A6.82.E8.A6.81"></span>概要</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81&action=edit&section=1" title="節を編集: 概要"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>穏やかな流れと<a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%9D" title="滝">滝</a>の間など、河床がより下流の河床に比べて水の浸食に強い場合に発生する、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" title="水文学">水文学</a>的な現象である。 </p><p>川が浅くなり、水面上に露出した岩が存在することを特徴としている。流れている水が岩の周りに飛び散ることから、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%97%E6%B3%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="気泡">気泡</a>が水に含まれて水の表面の一部が白く濁る。固い岩盤を流れる若い河川は、その大半の区間で急流になることがある。山間部を流れる上流域は<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%93%E6%B5%81" title="渓流">渓流</a>と呼ばれ、往々に急流である。 </p><p><span title="リンク先の項目はまだありません。新規の執筆や他言語版からの翻訳が望まれます。"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E9%9A%9B%E6%B2%B3%E5%B7%9D%E9%9B%A3%E6%98%93%E5%BA%A6%E3%82%B9%E3%82%B1%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="「国際河川難易度スケール」 (存在しないページ)">国際河川難易度スケール</a><span style="font-size: 0.77em; font-weight: normal;" class="noprint">（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Scale_of_River_Difficulty" class="extiw" title="en:International Scale of River Difficulty">英語版</a>）</span></span>でIからVIまで分類されており、Iに近いほど穏やかな流れで、VIになるほど滝に近くなる。クラス5はさらに5.1から5.9に分類されることがある。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="日本における急流"><span id=".E6.97.A5.E6.9C.AC.E3.81.AB.E3.81.8A.E3.81.91.E3.82.8B.E6.80.A5.E6.B5.81"></span>日本における急流</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81&action=edit&section=2" title="節を編集: 日本における急流"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ヨーロッパ諸国と比べ、日本の川の特徴は急流とされる<sup id="cite_ref-日本の地形_143_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-日本の地形_143-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。例えば、イギリスの日本研究家<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%90%E3%82%B8%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9B%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%81%E3%82%A7%E3%83%B3%E3%83%90%E3%83%AC%E3%83%B3" title="バジル・ホール・チェンバレン">バジル・ホール・チェンバレン</a>の『日本事物誌』には、「国土が狭小なために、大抵の日本の河川は、川（リブァー）というより、むしろ急流（トレンツ）である」と記述され、河川技術者として日本に招かれたオランダ人の土木技師<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%A8%E3%83%8F%E3%83%8B%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%87%E3%83%BB%E3%83%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B1" title="ヨハニス・デ・レーケ">ヨハニス・デ・レーケ</a>も、<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%B2%BB" title="明治">明治</a>24年（<a href="/wiki/1891%E5%B9%B4" title="1891年">1891年</a>）7月の大洪水後の<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B8%E9%A1%98%E5%AF%BA%E5%B7%9D" title="常願寺川">常願寺川</a>を見て「これは川ではない、滝だ」と表現したと伝えられる<sup id="cite_ref-日本の地形_143_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-日本の地形_143-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>以上のように、日本へ調査に来た外国人は一様にその河川の急流具合に興味を示したが、2020年には実際にこの発言をしたのはデ・レーケではなく<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A7%E3%83%B3%E3%83%9B%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A0%E3%83%AB%E3%83%87%E3%83%AB" title="ローウェンホルスト・ムルデル">ローウェンホルスト・ムルデル</a>であり、対象の川は常願寺川ではなく<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A9%E6%9C%88%E5%B7%9D" title="早月川">早月川</a>であったと、富山県会議事録の調査で結論付けられている<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="脚注"><span id=".E8.84.9A.E6.B3.A8"></span>脚注</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81&action=edit&section=3" title="節を編集: 脚注"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="float:right; font-size:90%;">[<a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%84%9A%E6%B3%A8/%E8%AA%AD%E8%80%85%E5%90%91%E3%81%91" title="Help:脚注/読者向け"><span title="この欄の操作法">脚注の使い方</span></a>]</div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-日本の地形_143-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-日本の地形_143_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-日本の地形_143_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text">貝塚爽平『日本の地形 -特質と由来-』 <a href="/wiki/%E5%B2%A9%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%B0%E6%9B%B8" title="岩波新書">岩波新書</a> 1977年 p.143</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">“<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201120111431/https://news.yahoo.co.jp/articles/ce49eb15128e2f8bc411d10609996af8209e7130">「川ではない。滝だ」実は別人　明治の技師デ・レイケ発言論争決着か</a>”.  北日本新聞 (2020年8月16日). 2020年11月20日時点の<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.yahoo.co.jp/articles/ce49eb15128e2f8bc411d10609996af8209e7130">オリジナル</a>よりアーカイブ。<span title="">2020年9月12日</span>閲覧。</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81&action=edit&section=4" title="節を編集: 参考文献"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Mason, Bill. Path of the Paddle, 1984, Northword Press, Minoqua, WI.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="関連項目"><span id=".E9.96.A2.E9.80.A3.E9.A0.85.E7.9B.AE"></span>関連項目</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A5%E6%B5%81&action=edit&section=5" title="節を編集: 関連項目"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r94202605">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output 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