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deportation subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Abduction_and_deportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Abduction_of_Ukrainian_children" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Abduction_of_Ukrainian_children"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Abduction of Ukrainian children </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Abduction_of_Ukrainian_children-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arbitrary_detention_and_forced_disappearance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arbitrary_detention_and_forced_disappearance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Arbitrary detention and forced disappearance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arbitrary_detention_and_forced_disappearance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Filtration_camps" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filtration_camps"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Filtration camps </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Filtration_camps-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Attacks_on_civilians" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Attacks_on_civilians"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Attacks on civilians </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Attacks_on_civilians-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Attacks on civilians subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Attacks_on_civilians-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kyiv_and_Chernihiv_oblasts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kyiv_and_Chernihiv_oblasts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Kyiv and Chernihiv oblasts </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kyiv_and_Chernihiv_oblasts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bucha_massacre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bucha_massacre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Bucha massacre </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bucha_massacre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kharkiv_Oblast" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kharkiv_Oblast"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Kharkiv Oblast </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kharkiv_Oblast-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Trostianets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trostianets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Trostianets </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trostianets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shooting_at_civilian_vehicles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shooting_at_civilian_vehicles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Shooting at civilian vehicles </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shooting_at_civilian_vehicles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Double_tap_strikes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Double_tap_strikes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Double tap strikes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Double_tap_strikes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deliberate_targeting_of_civilians_using_drones" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deliberate_targeting_of_civilians_using_drones"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 Deliberate targeting of civilians using drones </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deliberate_targeting_of_civilians_using_drones-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kupiansk_civilian_convoy_shooting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kupiansk_civilian_convoy_shooting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7.1 Kupiansk civilian convoy shooting </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kupiansk_civilian_convoy_shooting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shooting_of_Andrii_Bohomaz" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shooting_of_Andrii_Bohomaz"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7.2 Shooting of Andrii Bohomaz </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shooting_of_Andrii_Bohomaz-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unlawful_wanton_destruction_or_appropriation_of_property" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unlawful_wanton_destruction_or_appropriation_of_property"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Unlawful wanton destruction or appropriation of property </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unlawful_wanton_destruction_or_appropriation_of_property-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Attacks_on_hospitals_and_medical_facilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Attacks_on_hospitals_and_medical_facilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Attacks on hospitals and medical facilities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Attacks_on_hospitals_and_medical_facilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Destruction_of_energy_infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Destruction_of_energy_infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Destruction of energy infrastructure </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Destruction_of_energy_infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Destruction_and_theft_of_cultural_heritage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Destruction_and_theft_of_cultural_heritage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Destruction and theft of cultural heritage </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Destruction_and_theft_of_cultural_heritage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Torture_of_civilians" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Torture_of_civilians"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Torture of civilians </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Torture_of_civilians-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Torture of civilians subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Torture_of_civilians-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Russian_torture_chambers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russian_torture_chambers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Russian torture chambers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russian_torture_chambers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kyiv_Oblast" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kyiv_Oblast"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.1 Kyiv Oblast </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kyiv_Oblast-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sumy_Oblast" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sumy_Oblast"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.2 Sumy Oblast </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sumy_Oblast-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kharkiv_Oblast_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kharkiv_Oblast_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.3 Kharkiv Oblast </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kharkiv_Oblast_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zaporizhzhia_Oblast" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zaporizhzhia_Oblast"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.4 Zaporizhzhia Oblast </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zaporizhzhia_Oblast-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kherson_Oblast" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kherson_Oblast"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.5 Kherson Oblast </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kherson_Oblast-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Use_of_human_shields" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Use_of_human_shields"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Use of human shields </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Use_of_human_shields-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Use of human shields subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Use_of_human_shields-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Russia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Russia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ukraine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ukraine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 Ukraine </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ukraine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sexual_violence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sexual_violence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Sexual violence </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sexual_violence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Looting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Looting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Looting </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Looting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Forced_conscription" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Forced_conscription"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Forced conscription </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Forced_conscription-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mistreatment_of_prisoners_of_war" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mistreatment_of_prisoners_of_war"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Mistreatment of prisoners of war </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Mistreatment_of_prisoners_of_war-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Mistreatment of prisoners of war subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Mistreatment_of_prisoners_of_war-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mistreatment_of_Ukrainian_POWs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mistreatment_of_Ukrainian_POWs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.1 Mistreatment of Ukrainian POWs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mistreatment_of_Ukrainian_POWs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Execution_of_surrendering_Ukrainian_soldiers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Execution_of_surrendering_Ukrainian_soldiers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.1.1 Execution of surrendering Ukrainian soldiers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Execution_of_surrendering_Ukrainian_soldiers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Torture_and_castration_of_Ukrainian_prisoners" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Torture_and_castration_of_Ukrainian_prisoners"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.1.2 Torture and castration of Ukrainian prisoners </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Torture_and_castration_of_Ukrainian_prisoners-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Illegal_trials_of_Ukrainian_prisoners" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Illegal_trials_of_Ukrainian_prisoners"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.1.3 Illegal trials of Ukrainian prisoners </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Illegal_trials_of_Ukrainian_prisoners-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death_sentence_against_foreign_soldiers_serving_in_the_Ukrainian_armed_forces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death_sentence_against_foreign_soldiers_serving_in_the_Ukrainian_armed_forces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.1.4 Death sentence against foreign soldiers serving in the Ukrainian armed forces </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death_sentence_against_foreign_soldiers_serving_in_the_Ukrainian_armed_forces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Execution_of_Oleksandr_Matsievskyi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Execution_of_Oleksandr_Matsievskyi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.1.5 Execution of Oleksandr Matsievskyi </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Execution_of_Oleksandr_Matsievskyi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Torture_of_captured_Ukrainian_soldiers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Torture_of_captured_Ukrainian_soldiers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.1.6 Torture of captured Ukrainian soldiers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Torture_of_captured_Ukrainian_soldiers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Castration_and_murder_of_a_Ukrainian_POW_in_Pryvillia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Castration_and_murder_of_a_Ukrainian_POW_in_Pryvillia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.1.7 Castration and murder of a Ukrainian POW in Pryvillia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Castration_and_murder_of_a_Ukrainian_POW_in_Pryvillia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Beheading_and_mutilations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beheading_and_mutilations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.1.8 Beheading and mutilations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beheading_and_mutilations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mistreatment_of_Russian_POWs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mistreatment_of_Russian_POWs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.2 Mistreatment of Russian POWs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mistreatment_of_Russian_POWs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Torture_of_Russian_POWs_in_Mala_Rohan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Torture_of_Russian_POWs_in_Mala_Rohan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.2.1 Torture of Russian POWs in Mala Rohan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Torture_of_Russian_POWs_in_Mala_Rohan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alleged_execution_of_captured_Russian_soldiers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alleged_execution_of_captured_Russian_soldiers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.2.2 Alleged execution of captured Russian soldiers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alleged_execution_of_captured_Russian_soldiers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Disputed_surrender_of_Russian_soldiers_in_Makiivka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Disputed_surrender_of_Russian_soldiers_in_Makiivka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.2.3 Disputed surrender of Russian soldiers in Makiivka </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Disputed_surrender_of_Russian_soldiers_in_Makiivka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Genocide" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Genocide"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 Genocide </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Genocide-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Documenting_war_crimes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Documenting_war_crimes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 Documenting war crimes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Documenting_war_crimes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-National_legal_proceedings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_legal_proceedings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16 National legal proceedings </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-National_legal_proceedings-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle National legal proceedings subsection </button> <ul id="toc-National_legal_proceedings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ukraine_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ukraine_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16.1 Ukraine </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ukraine_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Russia_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russia_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16.2 Russia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russia_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_countries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_countries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16.3 Other countries </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_countries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_legal_proceedings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_legal_proceedings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 17 International legal proceedings </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-International_legal_proceedings-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle International legal proceedings subsection </button> <ul id="toc-International_legal_proceedings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-International_Criminal_Court" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_Criminal_Court"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 17.1 International Criminal Court </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_Criminal_Court-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_Court_of_Justice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_Court_of_Justice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 17.2 International Court of Justice </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_Court_of_Justice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Proposed_specialised_court_for_the_crime_of_aggression" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Proposed_specialised_court_for_the_crime_of_aggression"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 17.3 Proposed specialised court for the crime of aggression </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Proposed_specialised_court_for_the_crime_of_aggression-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_international_organisations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_international_organisations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 18 Other international organisations </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Other_international_organisations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Other international organisations subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Other_international_organisations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-International_Commission_of_Inquiry_on_Ukraine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_Commission_of_Inquiry_on_Ukraine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 18.1 International Commission of Inquiry on Ukraine </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_Commission_of_Inquiry_on_Ukraine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-UN_Human_Rights_Monitoring_Mission_in_Ukraine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#UN_Human_Rights_Monitoring_Mission_in_Ukraine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 18.2 UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine </div> </a> <ul id="toc-UN_Human_Rights_Monitoring_Mission_in_Ukraine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organization_for_Security_and_Co-operation_in_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organization_for_Security_and_Co-operation_in_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 18.3 Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organization_for_Security_and_Co-operation_in_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_reactions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_reactions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 19 International reactions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_reactions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 20 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 21 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 22 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 23 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">War crimes in the Russian invasion of Ukraine</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 26 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-26" aria-hidden="true" > 26 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%B2%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7_2022" title="جرائم الحرب خلال الغزو الروسي لأوكرانيا 2022 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جرائم الحرب خلال الغزو الروسي لأوكرانيا 2022" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusiyan%C4%B1n_Ukraynaya_m%C3%BCdaxil%C9%99si_zaman%C4%B1_h%C9%99rbi_cinay%C9%99tl%C9%99r" title="Rusiyanın Ukraynaya müdaxiləsi zamanı hərbi cinayətlər – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Rusiyanın Ukraynaya müdaxiləsi zamanı hərbi cinayətlər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torfedo%C3%B9_brezel_Aloubadeg_Ukraina_gant_Rusia_e_2022" title="Torfedoù brezel Aloubadeg Ukraina gant Rusia e 2022 – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Torfedoù brezel Aloubadeg Ukraina gant Rusia e 2022" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriegsverbrechen_im_Russisch-Ukrainischen_Krieg" title="Kriegsverbrechen im Russisch-Ukrainischen Krieg – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kriegsverbrechen im Russisch-Ukrainischen Krieg" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%AD%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AC_%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%B2%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%AE_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%A1%CF%89%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%9F%CF%85%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1_(2022)" title="Εγκλήματα πολέμου κατά την εισβολή της Ρωσίας στην Ουκρανία (2022) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εγκλήματα πολέμου κατά την εισβολή της Ρωσίας στην Ουκρανία (2022)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cr%C3%ADmenes_de_guerra_en_la_invasi%C3%B3n_rusa_de_Ucrania_(2022-presente)" title="Crímenes de guerra en la invasión rusa de Ucrania (2022-presente) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Crímenes de guerra en la invasión rusa de Ucrania (2022-presente)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Militkrimoj_dum_la_rusa_invado_de_Ukrainio" title="Militkrimoj dum la rusa invado de Ukrainio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Militkrimoj dum la rusa invado de Ukrainio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022ko_Ukrainako_inbasioko_gerra-krimenak" title="2022ko Ukrainako inbasioko gerra-krimenak – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="2022ko Ukrainako inbasioko gerra-krimenak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimes_de_guerre_lors_de_l%27invasion_russe_de_l%27Ukraine" title="Crimes de guerre lors de l'invasion russe de l'Ukraine – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Crimes de guerre lors de l'invasion russe de l'Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84%EC%9D%98_%EC%9A%B0%ED%81%AC%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%82%98_%EC%B9%A8%EA%B3%B5%EC%97%90%EC%84%9C_%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84%EA%B0%80_%EC%A0%80%EC%A7%80%EB%A5%B8_%EC%A0%84%EC%9F%81_%EB%B2%94%EC%A3%84" title="러시아의 우크라이나 침공에서 러시아가 저지른 전쟁 범죄 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="러시아의 우크라이나 침공에서 러시아가 저지른 전쟁 범죄" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%A2%D7%99_%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%AA_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%94%E2%80%93%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%94" title="פשעי מלחמה במלחמת אוקראינה–רוסיה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פשעי מלחמה במלחמת אוקראינה–רוסיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%AD%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1" title="ომის დანაშაულები რუსეთის უკრაინაში შეჭრისას – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ომის დანაშაულები რუსეთის უკრაინაში შეჭრისას" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusijos_invazijos_%C4%AF_Ukrain%C4%85_metu_padaryti_kariniai_nusikaltimai" title="Rusijos invazijos į Ukrainą metu padaryti kariniai nusikaltimai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Rusijos invazijos į Ukrainą metu padaryti kariniai nusikaltimai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mogelijke_oorlogsmisdaden_tijdens_de_Russische_invasie_van_Oekra%C3%AFne_sinds_2022" title="Mogelijke oorlogsmisdaden tijdens de Russische invasie van Oekraïne sinds 2022 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mogelijke oorlogsmisdaden tijdens de Russische invasie van Oekraïne sinds 2022" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A2%E3%81%AE%E3%82%A6%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%8A%E4%BE%B5%E6%94%BB%E3%81%AB%E3%81%8A%E3%81%91%E3%82%8B%E6%88%A6%E4%BA%89%E7%8A%AF%E7%BD%AA" title="ロシアのウクライナ侵攻における戦争犯罪 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ロシアのウクライナ侵攻における戦争犯罪" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mulige_krigsforbrytelser_under_krigen_i_Ukraina" title="Mulige krigsforbrytelser under krigen i Ukraina – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mulige krigsforbrytelser under krigen i Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%AF_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%DB%90_%D8%AF_%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%BA%D9%84_%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AB%D9%8A_%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87" title="پر اوکراین د روسیې د یرغل جنګي جرمونه – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="پر اوکراین د روسیې د یرغل جنګي جرمونه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimes_de_guerra_durante_a_invas%C3%A3o_da_Ucr%C3%A2nia_pela_R%C3%BAssia_em_2022" title="Crimes de guerra durante a invasão da Ucrânia pela Rússia em 2022 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Crimes de guerra durante a invasão da Ucrânia pela Rússia em 2022" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimele_de_r%C4%83zboi_%C3%AEn_invazia_rus%C4%83_%C3%AEn_Ucraina" title="Crimele de război în invazia rusă în Ucraina – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Crimele de război în invazia rusă în Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83" title="Военные преступления в период вторжения России на Украину – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Военные преступления в период вторжения России на Украину" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krigsbrott_under_Rysslands_invasion_av_Ukraina" title="Krigsbrott under Rysslands invasion av Ukraina – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Krigsbrott under Rysslands invasion av Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="อาชญากรรมสงครามระหว่างการรุกรานยูเครนโดยรัสเซีย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อาชญากรรมสงครามระหว่างการรุกรานยูเครนโดยรัสเซีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusya%27n%C4%B1n_Ukrayna%27y%C4%B1_i%C5%9Fgalinde_sava%C5%9F_su%C3%A7lar%C4%B1" title="Rusya'nın Ukrayna'yı işgalinde savaş suçları – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Rusya'nın Ukrayna'yı işgalinde savaş suçları" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%94%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%B7%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B4_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81_%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%97_%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Воєнні злочини під час російсько-української війни – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Воєнні злочини під час російсько-української війни" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BB%99i_%C3%A1c_chi%E1%BA%BFn_tranh_trong_cu%E1%BB%99c_x%C3%A2m_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3c_Ukraina_c%E1%BB%A7a_Nga" title="Tội ác chiến tranh trong cuộc xâm lược Ukraina của Nga – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tội ác chiến tranh trong cuộc xâm lược Ukraina của Nga" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%B5%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0%E7%9A%84%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89%E7%BD%AA%E8%A1%8C" title="俄罗斯入侵乌克兰的战争罪行 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="俄罗斯入侵乌克兰的战争罪行" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8c/Extended-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Extended-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about war crimes during the Russian invasion. For investigation and prosecution of the war crimes, see <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigation_in_Ukraine" title="International Criminal Court investigation in Ukraine">International Criminal Court investigation in Ukraine</a>. For the legality of the invasion itself in international law, see <a href="/wiki/Legality_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Legality of the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Legality of the Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>. For the case brought by Ukraine before the International Court of Justice, see <a href="/wiki/Ukraine_v._Russian_Federation_(2022)" title="Ukraine v. Russian Federation (2022)">Ukraine v. Russian Federation (2022)</a>.</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_city_of_Bucha_after_liberation_from_the_Russians_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/The_city_of_Bucha_after_liberation_from_the_Russians_01.jpg/250px-The_city_of_Bucha_after_liberation_from_the_Russians_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/The_city_of_Bucha_after_liberation_from_the_Russians_01.jpg/375px-The_city_of_Bucha_after_liberation_from_the_Russians_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/The_city_of_Bucha_after_liberation_from_the_Russians_01.jpg/500px-The_city_of_Bucha_after_liberation_from_the_Russians_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="677" /></a><figcaption>Bodies of civilians shot by Russian soldiers lie on a street in <a href="/wiki/Bucha_massacre" title="Bucha massacre">Bucha</a>, 3 April 2022. The hands of one victim are tied behind his back.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kyiv_after_Russian_shelling,_2022-10-10_(073).webp" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Kyiv_after_Russian_shelling%2C_2022-10-10_%28073%29.webp/250px-Kyiv_after_Russian_shelling%2C_2022-10-10_%28073%29.webp.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Kyiv_after_Russian_shelling%2C_2022-10-10_%28073%29.webp/375px-Kyiv_after_Russian_shelling%2C_2022-10-10_%28073%29.webp.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Kyiv_after_Russian_shelling%2C_2022-10-10_%28073%29.webp/500px-Kyiv_after_Russian_shelling%2C_2022-10-10_%28073%29.webp.png 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1365" /></a><figcaption>Civilians killed and cars destroyed in Russian missile strikes on Kyiv, 10 October 2022</figcaption></figure> 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id="Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine24672" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Timeline</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(24_February_%E2%80%93_7_April_2022)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (24 February – 7 April 2022)">February – April 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(8_April_%E2%80%93_28_August_2022)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (8 April – 28 August 2022)">April – August 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(29_August_%E2%80%93_11_November_2022)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (29 August – 11 November 2022)">August – November 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(12_November_2022_%E2%80%93_7_June_2023)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (12 November 2022 – 7 June 2023)">November 2022 – June 2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(8_June_2023_%E2%80%93_31_August_2023)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (8 June 2023 – 31 August 2023)">June – August 2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(1_September_%E2%80%93_30_November_2023)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (1 September – 30 November 2023)">September – November 2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(1_December_2023_%E2%80%93_31_March_2024)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (1 December 2023 – 31 March 2024)">December 2023 – March 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(1_April_%E2%80%93_31_July_2024)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (1 April – 31 July 2024)">April – July 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(1_August_%E2%80%93_31_December_2024)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (1 August – 31 December 2024)">August – December 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(1_January_2025_%E2%80%93_present)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (1 January 2025 – present)">January 2025 – present</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prelude_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Prelude to the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Prelude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casualties_of_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Casualties of the Russo-Ukrainian War">Casualties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_control_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Territorial control during the Russo-Ukrainian War">Territorial control</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Russo-Ukrainian_War_detailed_map" title="Template:Russo-Ukrainian War detailed map">map</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_engagements_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="List of military engagements during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">List of engagements</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">War crimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attacks_on_civilians_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Attacks on civilians in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Attacks on civilians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Economic impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Economic impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_negotiations_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Peace negotiations in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Peace negotiations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collaboration_with_Russia_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Collaboration with Russia during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Collaboration with Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_emigration_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian emigration during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian emigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_risk_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Nuclear risk during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Nuclear risk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_impacts_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Humanitarian impacts of the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Humanitarian impacts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_annexation_of_Donetsk,_Kherson,_Luhansk_and_Zaporizhzhia_oblasts_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts of Ukraine">Russian annexation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treatment_of_prisoners_of_war_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Treatment of prisoners of war in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Treatment of prisoners of war</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_2022" title="Template:Campaignbox Russian invasion of Ukraine 2022"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_2022" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Russian invasion of Ukraine 2022"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_2022" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Russian invasion of Ukraine 2022"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(2022)7242" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine (2022)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Northern_front_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Northern front of the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Northern front</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Antonov_Airport" title="Battle of Antonov Airport">Antonov Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Chernobyl" title="Capture of Chernobyl">Chernobyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hostomel" title="Battle of Hostomel">Hostomel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kyiv_(2022)" title="Battle of Kyiv (2022)">Kyiv</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Kyiv strikes (2022–present)">Kyiv strikes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv_shopping_centre_bombing" title="Kyiv shopping centre bombing">shopping centre bombing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Kyiv_convoy" title="Russian Kyiv convoy">Russian Kyiv convoy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bucha" title="Battle of Bucha">Bucha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bucha_massacre" title="Bucha massacre">massacre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Irpin" title="Battle of Irpin">Irpin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irpin_refugee_column_shelling" title="Irpin refugee column shelling">refugee column shelling</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Makariv" title="Battle of Makariv">Makariv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Moshchun" title="Battle of Moshchun">Moshchun</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Destruction_of_the_Kozarovytska_Dam" class="mw-redirect" title="Destruction of the Kozarovytska Dam">Kozarovytska Dam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Brovary" title="Battle of Brovary">Brovary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Slavutych" title="Battle of Slavutych">Slavutych</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Borodianka" title="Bombing of Borodianka">Borodianka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sumy" title="Battle of Sumy">Sumy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sumykhimprom_ammonia_leak" title="Sumykhimprom ammonia leak">ammonia leak</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Chernihiv" title="Siege of Chernihiv">Chernihiv</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chernihiv_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Chernihiv strikes (2022–present)">Chernihiv strikes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3_March_2022_Chernihiv_bombing" title="3 March 2022 Chernihiv bombing">3 March 2022 bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/16_March_2022_Chernihiv_breadline_attack" title="16 March 2022 Chernihiv breadline attack">16 March 2022 breadline attack</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lebedyn" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Lebedyn">Lebedyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ukraine_skirmishes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Ukraine skirmishes (2022–present)">Northern Ukraine skirmishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desna_barracks_airstrike" title="Desna barracks airstrike">Desna</a></li></ul> <hr /> <a href="/wiki/Eastern_front_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Eastern front of the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Eastern front</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mariupol" title="Siege of Mariupol">Mariupol</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mariupol_hospital_airstrike" title="Mariupol hospital airstrike">hospital airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariupol_theatre_airstrike" title="Mariupol theatre airstrike">theatre airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariupol_art_school_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="Mariupol art school bombing">art school bombing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kharkiv_(2022)" title="Battle of Kharkiv (2022)">1st Kharkiv</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kharkiv_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Kharkiv strikes (2022–present)">Kharkiv strikes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/February_2022_Kharkiv_cluster_bombing" title="February 2022 Kharkiv cluster bombing">February cluster bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharkiv_government_building_airstrike" title="Kharkiv government building airstrike">government building airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2022_Kharkiv_cluster_bombing" title="March 2022 Kharkiv cluster bombing">March cluster bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2022_Kharkiv_cluster_bombing" title="April 2022 Kharkiv cluster bombing">April cluster bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharkiv_dormitories_missile_strike" title="Kharkiv dormitories missile strike">dormitories missile strike</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuhuiv_air_base_attack" title="Chuhuiv air base attack">Chuhuiv Air Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Volnovakha" title="Battle of Volnovakha">Volnovakha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Izium" title="Battle of Izium">Izium</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Izium_mass_graves" title="Izium mass graves">massacre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stara_Krasnianka_care_house_attack" title="Stara Krasnianka care house attack">Stara Krasnianka</a></li> <li>Donetsk <ul><li><a href="/wiki/March_2022_Donetsk_attack" title="March 2022 Donetsk attack">March 2022 attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maisky_Market_attack" title="Maisky Market attack">June 2022 attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2022_Donetsk_attack" title="September 2022 Donetsk attack">September 2022 attack</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rubizhne" title="Battle of Rubizhne">Rubizhne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Popasna" title="Battle of Popasna">Popasna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marinka_(2022%E2%80%932023)" title="Battle of Marinka (2022–2023)">Marinka</a></li> <li>Kramatorsk <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kramatorsk_railway_station_attack" title="Kramatorsk railway station attack">railway station attack</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Donbas_(2022)" title="Battle of Donbas (2022)">Battle of Donbas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Siverskyi_Donets" title="Battle of the Siverskyi Donets">Siverskyi Donets</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bilohorivka_school_bombing" title="Bilohorivka school bombing">school bombing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sievierodonetsk_(2022)" title="Battle of Sievierodonetsk (2022)">Sievierodonetsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lysychansk" title="Battle of Lysychansk">Lysychansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chasiv_Yar_missile_strike" class="mw-redirect" title="Chasiv Yar missile strike">Chasiv Yar strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pisky" title="Battle of Pisky">Pisky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olenivka_prison_massacre" title="Olenivka prison massacre">Olenivka massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bakhmut" title="Battle of Bakhmut">Bakhmut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Soledar" title="Battle of Soledar">Soledar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vuhledar" title="Battle of Vuhledar">Vuhledar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makiivka_military_quarters_shelling" title="Makiivka military quarters shelling">Makiivka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Kharkiv_counteroffensive" title="2022 Kharkiv counteroffensive">2nd Kharkiv</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kupiansk" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Kupiansk">Kupiansk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kupiansk_civilian_convoy_shelling" title="Kupiansk civilian convoy shelling">civilian convoy shelling</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_battle_of_Lyman" class="mw-redirect" title="Second battle of Lyman">2nd Lyman</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luhansk_Oblast_campaign" title="Luhansk Oblast campaign">Luhansk Oblast campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Velyka_Novosilka" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Velyka Novosilka">Velyka Novosilka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Winter_Offensive_in_Ukraine_(2022%E2%80%932023)" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Winter Offensive in Ukraine (2022–2023)">Russian Winter Offensive</a></li></ul> <hr /> <a href="/wiki/Southern_front_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Southern front of the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Southern front</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kherson" title="Battle of Kherson">Kherson</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kherson_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Kherson strikes (2022–present)">Kherson strikes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Melitopol" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Melitopol">Melitopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mykolaiv" title="Battle of Mykolaiv">Mykolaiv</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mykolaiv_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Mykolaiv strikes (2022–present)">bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7_March_2022_Mykolaiv_millitary_barracks_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="7 March 2022 Mykolaiv millitary barracks attack">7 March 2022 military quarters attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykolaiv_cluster_bombing" title="Mykolaiv cluster bombing">cluster bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/18_March_2022_Mykolaiv_military_quarters_attack" title="18 March 2022 Mykolaiv military quarters attack">18 March 2022 military quarters attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykolaiv_government_building_missile_strike" title="Mykolaiv government building missile strike">government building airstrike</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Chornobaivka_attacks" title="2022 Chornobaivka attacks">Chornobaivka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Enerhodar" title="Battle of Enerhodar">Enerhodar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zaporizhzhia_Nuclear_Power_Plant_crisis" title="Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant crisis">Zaporizhzhia NPP</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Voznesensk" title="Battle of Voznesensk">Voznesensk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Berdiansk" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Berdiansk">Berdiansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Huliaipole" title="Battle of Huliaipole">Huliaipole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Davydiv_Brid" title="Battle of Davydiv Brid">Davydiv Brid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimea_attacks_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Crimea attacks (2022–present)">Crimea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_Novofedorivka_explosions" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Novofedorivka explosions">Novofedorivka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Crimean_Bridge_explosion" title="2022 Crimean Bridge explosion">1st Crimean Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_drone_attack_on_the_Sevastopol_Naval_Base" title="2022 drone attack on the Sevastopol Naval Base">1st Sevastopol Naval Base</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Kherson_counteroffensive" title="2022 Kherson counteroffensive">Kherson counteroffensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_Kherson_counteroffensive#Prelude" title="2022 Kherson counteroffensive">Prelude</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_attack_on_Nova_Kakhovka" title="2022 attack on Nova Kakhovka">Nova Kakhovka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberation_of_Kherson" title="Liberation of Kherson">Liberation of Kherson</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dnieper_campaign_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Dnieper campaign (2022–present)">Dnieper</a></li></ul> <hr /> Other regions <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zaporizhzhia_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Zaporizhzhia strikes (2022–present)">Zaporizhzhia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zaporizhzhia_civilian_convoy_attack" title="Zaporizhzhia civilian convoy attack">civilian convoy attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Zaporizhzhia_residential_building_airstrike" title="2022 Zaporizhzhia residential building airstrike">residential building airstrike</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivano-Frankivsk_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Ivano-Frankivsk strikes (2022–present)">Ivano-Frankivsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kryvyi_Rih_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Kryvyi Rih strikes (2022–present)">Kryvyi Rih</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lviv_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Lviv strikes (2022–present)">Lviv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odesa_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Odesa strikes (2022–present)">Odesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhytomyr_attacks_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Zhytomyr attacks (2022–present)">Zhytomyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivne_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Rivne strikes (2022–present)">Rivne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinnytsia_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Vinnytsia strikes (2022–present)">Vinnytsia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dnipro_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Dnipro strikes (2022–present)">Dnipro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yavoriv_military_base_attack" title="Yavoriv military base attack">Yavoriv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmelnytskyi_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Khmelnytskyi strikes (2022–present)">Khmelnytskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kremenchuk_shopping_mall_attack" title="Kremenchuk shopping mall attack">Kremenchuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serhiivka_missile_strike" title="Serhiivka missile strike">Serhiivka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaplyne_railway_station_attack" title="Chaplyne railway station attack">Chaplyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_strikes_against_Ukrainian_infrastructure_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Russian strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure (2022–present)">Strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure</a></li></ul> <hr /> Naval operations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Snake_Island_campaign" title="Snake Island campaign">Snake Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Berdiansk_port_attack" title="2022 Berdiansk port attack">Berdiansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinking_of_the_Moskva" title="Sinking of the Moskva">Moskva</a></li></ul> <hr /> Spillover & related incidents <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Attacks_in_Russia_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Attacks in Russia during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Western Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Millerovo_air_base_attack" title="Millerovo air base attack">Millerovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyagilevo_and_Engels_air_bases_attacks" title="Dyagilevo and Engels air bases attacks">Dyagilevo and Engels air bases</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_protests_in_Russian-occupied_Ukraine" title="2022 protests in Russian-occupied Ukraine">2022 protests in Russian-occupied Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeitenwende_speech" title="Zeitenwende speech">Zeitenwende speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Zagreb_Tu-141_crash" title="2022 Zagreb Tu-141 crash">Zagreb Tu-141 crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_mystery_fires_(2022%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian mystery fires (2022–present)">Russian mystery fires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Transnistria_attacks" title="2022 Transnistria attacks">Transnistria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_mobilization" title="2022 Russian mobilization">2022 Russian mobilization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Nord_Stream_pipeline_sabotage" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Nord Stream pipeline sabotage">Nord Stream pipeline sabotage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_Far_East_protests" title="2022 Russian Far East protests">2022 Russian Far East protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soloti_military_training_ground_shooting" title="Soloti military training ground shooting">Soloti training ground shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_missile_explosion_in_Poland" title="2022 missile explosion in Poland">Poland missile explosion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_martial_law" title="2022 Russian martial law">2022 Russian martial law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_R_incident" title="Lady R incident">Lady R incident</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_2023" title="Template:Campaignbox Russian invasion of Ukraine 2023"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_2023" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Russian invasion of Ukraine 2023"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_2023" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Russian invasion of Ukraine 2023"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(2023)3580" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine (2023)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ukraine_skirmishes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Ukraine skirmishes (2022–present)">Northern Ukraine skirmishes</a> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Kyiv strikes (2022–present)">Kyiv strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chernihiv_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Chernihiv strikes (2022–present)">Chernihiv strikes</a></li> <hr /> <a href="/wiki/Eastern_front_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Eastern front of the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Eastern front</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marinka_(2022%E2%80%932023)" title="Battle of Marinka (2022–2023)">Marinka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Winter_Offensive_in_Ukraine_(2022%E2%80%932023)" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Winter Offensive in Ukraine (2022–2023)">Russian Winter Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bakhmut" title="Battle of Bakhmut">Bakhmut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Soledar" title="Battle of Soledar">Soledar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luhansk_Oblast_campaign" title="Luhansk Oblast campaign">Luhansk Oblast campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vuhledar" title="Battle of Vuhledar">Vuhledar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makiivka_military_quarters_shelling" title="Makiivka military quarters shelling">Makiivka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Kramatorsk_restaurant_missile_strike" title="2023 Kramatorsk restaurant missile strike">Kramatorsk strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyman_cluster_bombing" title="Lyman cluster bombing">Lyman cluster bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2023_Kostiantynivka_missile_strike" title="September 2023 Kostiantynivka missile strike">Kostiantynivka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hroza_missile_attack" title="Hroza missile attack">Hroza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Avdiivka_(2023%E2%80%932024)" title="Battle of Avdiivka (2023–2024)">Avdiivka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharkiv_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Kharkiv strikes (2022–present)">Kharkiv strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Velyka_Novosilka" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Velyka Novosilka">Velyka Novosilka</a></li></ul> <hr /> <a href="/wiki/Southern_front_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Southern front of the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Southern front</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Huliaipole" title="Battle of Huliaipole">Huliaipole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dnieper_campaign_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Dnieper campaign (2022–present)">Dnieper</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Destruction_of_the_Kakhovka_Dam" title="Destruction of the Kakhovka Dam">Kakhovka Dam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimea_attacks_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Crimea attacks (2022–present)">Crimea strikes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2023_Crimean_Bridge_explosion" title="2023 Crimean Bridge explosion">2nd Crimean Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missile_strike_on_the_Black_Sea_Fleet_headquarters" title="Missile strike on the Black Sea Fleet headquarters">2nd Sevastopol Naval Base</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Ukrainian_counteroffensive" title="2023 Ukrainian counteroffensive">2023 Ukrainian counteroffensive</a> (<a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mala_Tokmachka" title="Battle of Mala Tokmachka">Mala Tokmachka</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zarichne_barracks_airstrike" title="Zarichne barracks airstrike">Zarichne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykolaiv_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Mykolaiv strikes (2022–present)">Mykolaiv strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaporizhzhia_Nuclear_Power_Plant_crisis" title="Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant crisis">Zaporizhzhia NPP</a></li></ul> <hr /> Other regions <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_2023_Sloviansk_airstrike" title="April 2023 Sloviansk airstrike">Sloviansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Uman_missile_strike" title="2023 Uman missile strike">Uman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Pokrovsk_missile_strike" title="2023 Pokrovsk missile strike">Pokrovsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaporizhzhia_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Zaporizhzhia strikes (2022–present)">Zaporizhzhia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivano-Frankivsk_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Ivano-Frankivsk strikes (2022–present)">Ivano-Frankivsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kryvyi_Rih_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Kryvyi Rih strikes (2022–present)">Kryvyi Rih</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lviv_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Lviv strikes (2022–present)">Lviv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odesa_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Odesa strikes (2022–present)">Odesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhytomyr_attacks_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Zhytomyr attacks (2022–present)">Zhytomyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivne_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Rivne strikes (2022–present)">Rivne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinnytsia_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Vinnytsia strikes (2022–present)">Vinnytsia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dnipro_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Dnipro strikes (2022–present)">Dnipro</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2023_Dnipro_residential_building_airstrike" title="2023 Dnipro residential building airstrike">14 January 2023 strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/29_December_2023_Russian_strikes_on_Ukraine" title="29 December 2023 Russian strikes on Ukraine">29 December 2023 strikes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmelnytskyi_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Khmelnytskyi strikes (2022–present)">Khmelnytskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_strikes_against_Ukrainian_infrastructure_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Russian strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure (2022–present)">Strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure</a></li></ul> <hr /> Spillover & related incidents <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Attacks_in_Russia_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Attacks in Russia during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Western Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2023_Bryansk_Oblast_raid" title="2023 Bryansk Oblast raid">Bryansk Oblast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kremlin_drone_attack" title="Kremlin drone attack">Kremlin drone attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Belgorod_Oblast_incursions" title="2023 Belgorod Oblast incursions">Belgorod Oblast incursion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/30_May_2023_Moscow_drone_strikes" title="30 May 2023 Moscow drone strikes">Moscow drone strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/30_December_2023_Belgorod_shelling" title="30 December 2023 Belgorod shelling">30 December 2023 Belgorod shelling</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Brovary_helicopter_crash" title="2023 Brovary helicopter crash">Brovary helicopter crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Black_Sea_drone_incident" title="2023 Black Sea drone incident">Black Sea drone incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Belgorod_accidental_bombing" title="2023 Belgorod accidental bombing">Belgorod accidental bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Synytsia" title="Operation Synytsia">Synytsia</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_2024" title="Template:Campaignbox Russian invasion of Ukraine 2024"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_2024" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Russian invasion of Ukraine 2024"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_2024" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Russian invasion of Ukraine 2024"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(2024)3581" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine (2024)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ukraine_skirmishes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Ukraine skirmishes (2022–present)">Northern Ukraine skirmishes</a> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Kyiv strikes (2022–present)">Kyiv strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chernihiv_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Chernihiv strikes (2022–present)">Chernihiv strikes</a></li> <hr /> <a href="/wiki/Eastern_front_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Eastern front of the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Eastern front</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luhansk_Oblast_campaign" title="Luhansk Oblast campaign">Luhansk Oblast campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Avdiivka_(2023%E2%80%932024)" title="Battle of Avdiivka (2023–2024)">Avdiivka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vuhledar" title="Battle of Vuhledar">Vuhledar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Donetsk_attack" title="2024 Donetsk attack">Donetsk strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Lysychansk_missile_strike" title="2024 Lysychansk missile strike">Lysychansk strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chasiv_Yar" title="Battle of Chasiv Yar">Chasiv Yar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Krasnohorivka" title="Battle of Krasnohorivka">Krasnohorivka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ocheretyne" title="Battle of Ocheretyne">Ocheretyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Kharkiv_offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 Kharkiv offensive">3rd Kharkiv</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kharkiv_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Kharkiv strikes (2022–present)">Kharkiv strikes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Toretsk" title="Battle of Toretsk">Toretsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pokrovsk_offensive" title="Pokrovsk offensive">Pokrovsk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Pokrovsk_missile_strike" title="2024 Pokrovsk missile strike">Pokrovsk strike</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kurakhove" title="Battle of Kurakhove">Kurakhove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velyka_Novosilka_offensive" title="Velyka Novosilka offensive">Velyka Novosilka</a></li></ul> <hr /> <a href="/wiki/Southern_front_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Southern front of the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Southern front</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Huliaipole" title="Battle of Huliaipole">Huliaipole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dnieper_campaign_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Dnieper campaign (2022–present)">Dnieper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kherson_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Kherson strikes (2022–present)">Kherson strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykolaiv_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Mykolaiv strikes (2022–present)">Mykolaiv strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaporizhzhia_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Zaporizhzhia strikes (2022–present)">Zaporizhzhia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zaporizhzhia_Nuclear_Power_Plant_crisis" title="Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant crisis">Zaporizhzhia NPP</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimea_attacks_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Crimea attacks (2022–present)">Crimea strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odesa_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Odesa strikes (2022–present)">Odesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dnipro_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Dnipro strikes (2022–present)">Dnipro</a></li></ul> <hr /> Other regions <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ivano-Frankivsk_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Ivano-Frankivsk strikes (2022–present)">Ivano-Frankivsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2024_Poltava_strike" title="September 2024 Poltava strike">Poltava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kryvyi_Rih_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Kryvyi Rih strikes (2022–present)">Kryvyi Rih</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lviv_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Lviv strikes (2022–present)">Lviv</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/6_March_2024_Odesa_strike" title="6 March 2024 Odesa strike">6 March strike</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhytomyr_attacks_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Zhytomyr attacks (2022–present)">Zhytomyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivne_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Rivne strikes (2022–present)">Rivne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinnytsia_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Vinnytsia strikes (2022–present)">Vinnytsia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmelnytskyi_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Khmelnytskyi strikes (2022–present)">Khmelnytskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_strikes_against_Ukrainian_infrastructure_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Russian strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure (2022–present)">Strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/22_March_2024_Russian_strikes_on_Ukraine" title="22 March 2024 Russian strikes on Ukraine">22 March strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/26_August_2024_Russian_strikes_on_Ukraine" title="26 August 2024 Russian strikes on Ukraine">26 August strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/17_November_2024_Russian_strikes_on_Ukraine" title="17 November 2024 Russian strikes on Ukraine">17 November strikes</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> Naval operations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Tendra_Spit" class="mw-redirect" title="Raid on Tendra Spit">Tendra Spit</a></li></ul> <hr /> Spillover & related incidents <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Kursk_offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 Kursk offensive">Kursk offensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Olgovskiy_Forest" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Olgovskiy Forest">Olgovskiy Forest</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attacks_in_Russia_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Attacks in Russia during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Western Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/February_2024_Belgorod_missile_strike" title="February 2024 Belgorod missile strike">February 2024 Belgorod missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2024_Belgorod_missile_strike" class="mw-redirect" title="May 2024 Belgorod missile strike">May 2024 Belgorod missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2024_western_Russia_incursion" title="March 2024 western Russia incursion">March 2024 western Russia incursion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Korochansky_Ilyushin_Il-76_crash" title="2024 Korochansky Ilyushin Il-76 crash">Korochansky Ilyushin Il-76 crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skadovsk_polling_center_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="Skadovsk polling center bombing">Skadovsk polling center bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2024_Ukraine_peace_conference" class="mw-redirect" title="June 2024 Ukraine peace conference">June 2024 Ukraine peace conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Ukrainian_coup_attempt_allegations" title="2024 Ukrainian coup attempt allegations">2024 Ukrainian coup attempt allegations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Ukrainian_cyberattacks_against_Russia" title="2024 Ukrainian cyberattacks against Russia">2024 Ukrainian cyberattacks against Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toropets_depot_explosions" title="Toropets depot explosions">Toropets explosions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korean_involvement_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="North Korean involvement in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">North Korean involvement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_Airlines_Flight_8243" title="Azerbaijan Airlines Flight 8243">Azerbaijan Airlines Flight 8243</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_2025" title="Template:Campaignbox Russian invasion of Ukraine 2025"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Campaignbox_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_2025&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Russian invasion of Ukraine 2025 (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_2025" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Russian invasion of Ukraine 2025"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(2025)1575" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine (2025)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ukraine_skirmishes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Ukraine skirmishes (2022–present)">Northern Ukraine skirmishes</a> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Kyiv strikes (2022–present)">Kyiv strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chernihiv_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Chernihiv strikes (2022–present)">Chernihiv strikes</a></li> <hr /> <a href="/wiki/Eastern_front_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Eastern front of the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Eastern front</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luhansk_Oblast_campaign" title="Luhansk Oblast campaign">Luhansk Oblast campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Kharkiv_offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 Kharkiv offensive">3rd Kharkiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chasiv_Yar" title="Battle of Chasiv Yar">Chasiv Yar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Toretsk" title="Battle of Toretsk">Toretsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pokrovsk_offensive" title="Pokrovsk offensive">Pokrovsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kurakhove" title="Battle of Kurakhove">Kurakhove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velyka_Novosilka_offensive" title="Velyka Novosilka offensive">Velyka Novosilka</a></li></ul> <hr /> <a href="/wiki/Southern_front_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Southern front of the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Southern front</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dnipro_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Dnipro strikes (2022–present)">Dnipro</a></li></ul> <hr /> Other regions <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kryvyi_Rih_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Kryvyi Rih strikes (2022–present)">Kryvyi Rih</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_strikes_against_Ukrainian_infrastructure_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Russian strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure (2022–present)">Strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure</a></li></ul> <hr /> Spillover & related incidents <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Kursk_offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 Kursk offensive">Kursk offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attacks_in_Russia_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Attacks in Russia during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Western Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korean_involvement_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="North Korean involvement in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">North Korean involvement</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_resistance_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Template:Campaignbox resistance to the Russian invasion of Ukraine"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_resistance_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Template talk:Campaignbox resistance to the Russian invasion of Ukraine"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_resistance_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox resistance to the Russian invasion of Ukraine"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Resistance_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine1088" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Resistance to the <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_resistance_in_Russian-occupied_Ukraine" title="Ukrainian resistance in Russian-occupied Ukraine">Ukrainian resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_partisan_movement_(2020%E2%80%93present)" title="Belarusian partisan movement (2020–present)">Belarusian resistance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rail_war_in_Belarus_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Rail war in Belarus (2022–present)">rail war in Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machulishchy_air_base_attack" title="Machulishchy air base attack">Machulishchy air base attack</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_and_Russian_partisan_movement_(2022%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Belarusian and Russian partisan movement (2022–present)">Russian anti-war resistance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rail_war_in_Russia_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Rail war in Russia (2022–present)">rail war in Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_military_commissariats_attacks" title="Russian military commissariats attacks">Russian commissariat attacks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ust-Ilimsk_military_commissariat_shooting" title="Ust-Ilimsk military commissariat shooting">Ust-Ilimsk shooting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Vladlen_Tatarsky" title="Assassination of Vladlen Tatarsky">St. Petersburg cafe bombing</a></li></ul></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Russo-Ukrainian_War_(outline)7467" style="margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;margin-left:1em;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Template:Campaignbox Russo-Ukrainian War"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Russo-Ukrainian War"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Russo-Ukrainian War"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Russo-Ukrainian_War_(outline)7467" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War</a> (<a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Outline of the Russo-Ukrainian War">outline</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Background</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">Dissolution of the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Russia–Ukraine relations">Russia–Ukraine relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budapest_Memorandum" title="Budapest Memorandum">Budapest Memorandum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_Tuzla_Island_conflict" title="2003 Tuzla Island conflict">2003 Tuzla Island conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_Revolution" title="Orange Revolution">Orange Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Munich_speech_of_Vladimir_Putin" title="2007 Munich speech of Vladimir Putin">2007 Munich speech of Vladimir Putin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes" title="Russia–Ukraine gas disputes">Russia–Ukraine gas disputes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euromaidan" title="Euromaidan">Euromaidan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Revolution_of_Dignity" title="Revolution of Dignity">Revolution of Dignity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_pro-Russian_unrest_in_Ukraine" title="2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine">2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine</a> (<a href="/wiki/2014_Odesa_clashes" title="2014 Odesa clashes">Odesa clashes</a>)</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li>Major topics</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2018_Moscow%E2%80%93Constantinople_schism" title="2018 Moscow–Constantinople schism">2018 Moscow–Constantinople schism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_information_war_against_Ukraine" title="Russian information war against Ukraine">Information war</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_cyberwarfare" title="Russo-Ukrainian cyberwarfare">cyberwarfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Ukraine_ransomware_attacks" title="2017 Ukraine ransomware attacks">ransomware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Ukraine_cyberattacks" title="2022 Ukraine cyberattacks">cyberattacks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_involvement_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Belarusian involvement in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Belarusian involvement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_sanctions_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="International sanctions during the Russo-Ukrainian War">International sanctions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_portrayal_of_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Media portrayal of the Russo-Ukrainian War">Media portrayal</a></li> <li>Foreign aid (<a href="/wiki/List_of_military_aid_to_Ukraine_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="List of military aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War">military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_humanitarian_aid_to_Ukraine_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="List of humanitarian aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War">humanitarian</a>)</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">Crimean crisis</a> (<a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Timeline of the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">Timeline</a>)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Little_green_men_(Russo-Ukrainian_War)" title="Little green men (Russo-Ukrainian War)">Little green men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krymnash" title="Krymnash">Krymnash</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_the_Crimean_Parliament" title="Capture of the Crimean Parliament">Crimean Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Belbek_Airport" title="Capture of Belbek Airport">Belbek Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Southern_Naval_Base" title="Capture of Southern Naval Base">Southern Naval Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Simferopol_incident" title="2014 Simferopol incident">2014 Simferopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_anti-war_protests_in_Russia" title="2014 anti-war protests in Russia">2014 Russian protests</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Donbas" title="War in Donbas">War in Donbas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_war_in_Donbas" title="Timeline of the war in Donbas">Timeline</a>)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Donetsk_(2014)" title="Capture of Donetsk (2014)">Capture of Donetsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sloviansk" title="Siege of Sloviansk">Sloviansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kramatorsk" title="Battle of Kramatorsk">Kramatorsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Artemivsk" title="Battle of Artemivsk">Artemivsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mariupol_(2014)" title="Battle of Mariupol (2014)">Mariupol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battles_of_Sievierodonetsk_(2014)" title="Battles of Sievierodonetsk (2014)">Sievierodonetsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Ukrainian_Air_Force_Il-76_shootdown" class="mw-redirect" title="2014 Ukrainian Air Force Il-76 shootdown">Il-76 shootdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zelenopillia_rocket_attack" title="Zelenopillia rocket attack">Zelenopillia rocket attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Karlivka" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Karlivka">Karlivka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Donetsk_Airport" title="First Battle of Donetsk Airport">1st Donetsk Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_the_Luhansk_Border_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of the Luhansk Border Base">Luhansk Border Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Krasnyi_Lyman" title="Battle of Krasnyi Lyman">Krasnyi Lyman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fights_on_the_Ukrainian%E2%80%93Russian_border_(2014)" title="Fights on the Ukrainian–Russian border (2014)">Sector D clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_of_the_95th_Brigade" title="Raid of the 95th Brigade">Raid of the 95th Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_in_Shakhtarsk_Raion" title="Battle in Shakhtarsk Raion">Shakhtarsk Raion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Horlivka" title="Battle of Horlivka">Horlivka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Yasynuvata" title="Battle of Yasynuvata">Yasynuvata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ilovaisk" title="Battle of Ilovaisk">Ilovaisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Novoazovsk" title="Battle of Novoazovsk">Novoazovsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offensive_on_Mariupol_(September_2014)" title="Offensive on Mariupol (September 2014)">2nd Mariupol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Donetsk_Airport" title="Second Battle of Donetsk Airport">2nd Donetsk Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Debaltseve" title="Battle of Debaltseve">Debaltseve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_recognition_of_the_Donetsk_People%27s_Republic_and_the_Luhansk_People%27s_Republic" title="International recognition of the Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic">International recognition</a></li></ul> Post-Minsk II conflict <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_war_in_Donbas_(2015)" title="Timeline of the war in Donbas (2015)">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shyrokyne_standoff" title="Shyrokyne standoff">Shyrokyne (2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marinka_(2015)" title="Battle of Marinka (2015)">Marinka (2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_war_in_Donbas_(2016)" title="Timeline of the war in Donbas (2016)">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Svitlodarsk" title="Battle of Svitlodarsk">Svitlodarsk (2016)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_war_in_Donbas_(2017)" title="Timeline of the war in Donbas (2017)">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Avdiivka_(2017)" title="Battle of Avdiivka (2017)">Avdiivka (2017)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_war_in_Donbas_(2017)" title="Timeline of the war in Donbas (2017)">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerch_Strait_incident" title="Kerch Strait incident">Kerch Strait incident (2018)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_war_in_Donbas_(2019)" title="Timeline of the war in Donbas (2019)">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_war_in_Donbas_(2020)" title="Timeline of the war in Donbas (2020)">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_war_in_Donbas_(2021)" title="Timeline of the war in Donbas (2021)">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_war_in_Donbas_(2022)" title="Timeline of the war in Donbas (2022)">2022</a></li></ul> Attacks on civilians <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Pentecostals_in_Sloviansk" title="Murder of Pentecostals in Sloviansk">Sloviansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia_Airlines_Flight_17" title="Malaysia Airlines Flight 17">Malaysia Airlines Flight 17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novosvitlivka_refugee_convoy_attack" title="Novosvitlivka refugee convoy attack">Novosvitlivka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volnovakha_bus_attack" title="Volnovakha bus attack">Volnovakha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donetsk_bus_station_attack" title="Donetsk bus station attack">Donetsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_2015_Mariupol_rocket_attack" title="January 2015 Mariupol rocket attack">Mariupol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2015_Kramatorsk_rocket_attack" title="February 2015 Kramatorsk rocket attack">Kramatorsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanytsia_Luhanska_kindergarten_bombing" title="Stanytsia Luhanska kindergarten bombing">Stanytsia Luhanska</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine (2022–present)</a> (<a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Timeline</a>)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prelude_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Prelude to the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Prelude to invasion</a> (<a href="/wiki/Reactions_to_the_2021%E2%80%932022_Russo-Ukrainian_crisis" title="Reactions to the 2021–2022 Russo-Ukrainian crisis">Reactions</a>)</li></ul> <dl><dt>Military engagements</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ukraine_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Ukraine campaign">Northern Ukraine campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Antonov_Airport" title="Battle of Antonov Airport">Antonov Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kyiv_(2022)" title="Battle of Kyiv (2022)">Kyiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Chernihiv" title="Siege of Chernihiv">Chernihiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sumy" title="Battle of Sumy">Sumy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Ukraine_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Ukraine campaign">Eastern Ukraine campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mariupol" title="Siege of Mariupol">Mariupol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kharkiv_(2022)" title="Battle of Kharkiv (2022)">1st Kharkiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Izium" title="Battle of Izium">Izium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Kharkiv_counteroffensive" title="2022 Kharkiv counteroffensive">2nd Kharkiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Donbas_(2022)" title="Battle of Donbas (2022)">Donbas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sievierodonetsk_(2022)" title="Battle of Sievierodonetsk (2022)">Sievierodonetsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lysychansk" title="Battle of Lysychansk">Lysychansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Soledar" title="Battle of Soledar">Soledar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bakhmut" title="Battle of Bakhmut">Bakhmut</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luhansk_Oblast_campaign" title="Luhansk Oblast campaign">Luhansk Oblast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marinka_(2022%E2%80%932023)" title="Battle of Marinka (2022–2023)">Marinka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Avdiivka_(2023%E2%80%932024)" title="Battle of Avdiivka (2023–2024)">Avdiivka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pokrovsk_offensive" title="Pokrovsk offensive">Pokrovsk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Ukraine_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Ukraine campaign">Southern Ukraine campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kherson" title="Battle of Kherson">1st Kherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Melitopol" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Melitopol">Melitopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mykolaiv" title="Battle of Mykolaiv">Mykolaiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Kherson_counteroffensive" title="2022 Kherson counteroffensive">Kherson counteroffensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberation_of_Kherson" title="Liberation of Kherson">2nd Kherson</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2023_Ukrainian_counteroffensive" title="2023 Ukrainian counteroffensive">2023 Ukrainian counteroffensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Kursk_offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 Kursk offensive">2024 Kursk offensive</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Effects and aftermath</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Economic impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Economic impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_negotiations_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Peace negotiations in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Peace negotiations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_protests_in_Russian-occupied_Ukraine" title="2022 protests in Russian-occupied Ukraine">Protests in occupied Ukraine</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">War crimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_and_intergovernmental_reactions_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Government and intergovernmental reactions to the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Government and intergovernmental reactions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-government_reactions_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Non-government reactions to the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Non-government reactions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protests_against_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Protests against the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Protests</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-war_protests_in_Russia_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Anti-war protests in Russia (2022–present)">Russian protests</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_v._Russian_Federation_(2022)" title="Ukraine v. Russian Federation (2022)">ICJ case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_arrest_warrants_for_Russian_figures" class="mw-redirect" title="International Criminal Court arrest warrants for Russian figures">Arrest warrants</a></li></ul> Related <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_resistance_in_Russian-occupied_Ukraine" title="Ukrainian resistance in Russian-occupied Ukraine">Ukrainian resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_and_Russian_partisan_movement_(2022%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Belarusian and Russian partisan movement (2022–present)">Belarusian and Russian partisan movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Zagreb_Tu-141_crash" title="2022 Zagreb Tu-141 crash">Zagreb Tu-141 crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_mystery_fires_(2022%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian mystery fires (2022–present)">Russian mystery fires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Nord_Stream_pipeline_sabotage" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Nord Stream pipeline sabotage">Nord Stream pipeline sabotage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soloti_military_training_ground_shooting" title="Soloti military training ground shooting">Soloti training ground shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Brovary_helicopter_crash" title="2023 Brovary helicopter crash">Brovary helicopter crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Black_Sea_drone_incident" title="2023 Black Sea drone incident">Black Sea drone incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Belgorod_accidental_bombing" title="2023 Belgorod accidental bombing">Belgorod accidental bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Bryansk_Oblast_military_aircraft_crashes" title="2023 Bryansk Oblast military aircraft crashes">Bryansk Oblast military aircraft crashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagner_Group_rebellion" title="Wagner Group rebellion">Wagner Group rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Wagner_Group_plane_crash" title="2023 Wagner Group plane crash">Wagner Group plane crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Ukrainian_coup_attempt_allegations" title="2024 Ukrainian coup attempt allegations">Ukrainian coup attempt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> Since the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a> in 2022, the Russian military and authorities have committed <a href="/wiki/Russian_war_crimes" title="Russian war crimes">war crimes</a>, such as deliberate <a href="/wiki/Attacks_on_civilians_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Attacks on civilians in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">attacks against civilian targets</a>, including on <a href="/wiki/Russian_strikes_on_hospitals_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian strikes on hospitals during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">hospitals, medical facilities</a> and <a href="/wiki/Russian_strikes_against_Ukrainian_infrastructure_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Russian strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure (2022–present)">on the energy grid</a>;<a href="#cite_note-:3-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-HRW_Vehicles-3">[3]</a> <a href="/wiki/Indiscriminate_attack" title="Indiscriminate attack">indiscriminate attacks</a> on densely-populated areas; the abduction, <a href="/wiki/Torture" title="Torture">torture</a> and murder of civilians; forced deportations; <a href="/wiki/Sexual_violence_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Sexual violence in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">sexual violence</a>; destruction of <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_cultural_heritage_during_the_2022_Russian_invasion" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian cultural heritage during the 2022 Russian invasion">cultural heritage</a>; and the <a href="/wiki/Treatment_of_prisoners_of_war_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Treatment of prisoners of war in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">killing and torture</a> of Ukrainian <a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war">prisoners of war</a>.<a href="#cite_note-nytimes.com-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-AI_RU_military_indiscriminate_attacks-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-HRW_Deadly_Attacks-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-HRMMU_Statement_March-7">[7]</a> On 2 March 2023, the <a href="/wiki/Prosecutor_of_the_International_Criminal_Court" title="Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court">Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court</a> (ICC) opened a <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigation_in_Ukraine" title="International Criminal Court investigation in Ukraine">full investigation</a> into past and present allegations of war crimes, <a href="/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity" title="Crimes against humanity">crimes against humanity</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">genocide</a> committed in <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> by any person from 21 November 2013 onwards, set up an online method for people with evidence to initiate contact with investigators, and sent a team of investigators, lawyers, and other professionals to Ukraine to begin collecting <a href="/wiki/Evidence" title="Evidence">evidence</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ThomReut_ICC_team_leaves_to_Ukraine2-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-icc-cpi.int-9">[9]</a> Two other independent international agencies are also investigating violations of human rights and of <a href="/wiki/International_humanitarian_law" title="International humanitarian law">international humanitarian law</a> in the area: the <a href="/wiki/Independent_International_Commission_of_Inquiry_on_Ukraine" title="Independent International Commission of Inquiry on Ukraine">Independent International Commission of Inquiry on Ukraine</a>, established by the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council" title="United Nations Human Rights Council">United Nations Human Rights Council</a> on 4 March 2022, and the UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine, deployed by <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Human_Rights" title="Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights">Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights</a>. The latter started monitoring human rights violations by all parties in 2014 and employs nearly 60 UN human rights monitors. On 7 April 2022, the United Nations suspended Russia from the UN Human Rights Council.<a href="#cite_note-Nichols-2022-04-07-10">[10]</a> By late October, the Ukrainian Prosecutor's office had documented 39,347 alleged Russian war crimes, identified more than 600 suspects, and initiated proceedings against approximately 80 of them.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> On 17 March 2023, the <a href="/wiki/ICC_arrest_warrants_for_Vladimir_Putin_and_Maria_Lvova-Belova" class="mw-redirect" title="ICC arrest warrants for Vladimir Putin and Maria Lvova-Belova">ICC issued arrest warrants</a> against <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maria_Lvova-Belova" title="Maria Lvova-Belova">Maria Alekseyevna Lvova-Belova</a> over allegations of involvement in the war crime of <a href="/wiki/Child_abductions_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Child abductions in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">child abductions during the invasion of Ukraine</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Radford_2023-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-International_Criminal_Court_2023-13">[13]</a> Allegations against the Armed Forces of Ukraine included <a href="/wiki/Treatment_of_prisoners_of_war_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Treatment of prisoners of war in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">mistreatment and executions</a> of Russian <a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war">POWs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Report_OHCHR-14">[14]</a>: para. 105 <a href="#cite_note-NYT-Russian-POW-15">[15]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prohibited_weapons">Prohibited weapons</h2></div> Russian forces used <a href="/wiki/Chemical_weapon" title="Chemical weapon">chemical weapons</a> 465 times between 24 February 2022 and December 2023, according to Ukraine, including K-51 grenades, RGR grenades, Drofa-PM hand gas grenades, and RG-VO gas grenades, which contain an unknown chemical substance.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> <a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a> and CNN reported that they likely used <a href="/wiki/CS_gas" title="CS gas">CS gas</a> (tear gas).<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> In May 2023, a television report on Russia's <a href="/wiki/Channel_One_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Channel One Russia">Channel One</a> showed a Russian battalion commander talking about the effectiveness of chemicals used as weapons. The report also showed a drone dropping a tear gas grenade on a dugout.<a href="#cite_note-Field_2024_s609-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> In December 2023, the Russian <a href="/wiki/810th_Guards_Naval_Infantry_Brigade" title="810th Guards Naval Infantry Brigade">810th Guards Naval Infantry Brigade</a> wrote about its use of drones to drop K-51 grenades containing <a href="/wiki/CS_gas" title="CS gas">CS</a> tear gas on Ukrainian positions.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> The use of tear gas is banned by international <a href="/wiki/Chemical_Weapons_Convention" title="Chemical Weapons Convention">Chemical Weapons Convention</a> and considered a chemical weapon if applied by military forces during warfare.<a href="#cite_note-Field_2024_s609-18">[18]</a> In May 2024, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">United States Department of State</a> imposed new sanctions against Russian entities and individuals due to Russian forces' use of <a href="/wiki/Chloropicrin" title="Chloropicrin">chloropicrin</a> against Ukrainian troops.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> In October 2024, the UK imposed sanctions on Russian troops it said were using chemical weapons on the battlefield in Ukraine, accusing Moscow of ″cruel and inhumane tactics″. The Radiological, Chemical and Biological Defence Troops of the Russian Federation and its leader <a href="/wiki/Igor_Kirillov_(officer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Igor Kirillov (officer)">Igor Kirillov</a> were among those sanctioned.<a href="#cite_note-f981-22">[22]</a> In 2025 <a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_the_Prohibition_of_Chemical_Weapons" title="Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons">OPCW</a> conducted on-site investigation and confirmed presence of <a href="/wiki/CS_gas" title="CS gas">CS</a> in grenade remains at three locations on the Ukrainian side of the front-line.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Abduction_and_deportation">Abduction and deportation</h2></div> The International Criminal Court recognizes abduction and deportation as a war crime and the forced resettlement of children as a form of genocide.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Abduction_of_Ukrainian_children">Abduction of Ukrainian children</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Child_abductions_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Child abductions in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Child abductions in the Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></div> According to Ukrainian authorities, Russian forces have kidnapped over 121,000 Ukrainian children and deported them to Russia's eastern provinces. Some of these children's parents had been killed by the Russian military. The Russian State Duma has initiated legislation to formalize the "adoption" of these children.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> The Ukrainian Ministry of Foreign Affairs has condemned this act as a "blatant threat of illegal adoption of Ukrainian children by Russian citizens without adhering to the necessary procedures established by Ukrainian law." The Ministry has called on United Nations bodies to intervene in order to facilitate the return of these children to Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> On 1 June 2022, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy accused Russia of forcibly deporting more than 200,000 children from Ukraine, including orphans and children separated from their families. He described this action as a "heinous war crime" and a "criminal policy," aimed at not only stealing people but also making the deportees forget about Ukraine and hindering their ability to return.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> According to Ukrainian officials and two witnesses, Russian forces forcibly deported thousands of residents from Ukraine to Russia during the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mariupol" title="Siege of Mariupol">Siege of Mariupol</a>.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> On 24 March, the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Ukraine)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Ukraine)">Ukrainian Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> claimed that the Russian army had forcibly deported about 6,000 Mariupol residents as "hostages" and put more pressure on Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> According to the Russian ministry of defense, residents of Mariupol had a "voluntary choice" whether to evacuate to Ukrainian- or Russian-controlled territory and that by 20 March about 60,000 Mariupol residents were "evacuated to Russia". Human Rights Watch was not been able to verify these accounts.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_the_United_States,_Kyiv" title="Embassy of the United States, Kyiv">US embassy in Kyiv</a> cited the Ukrainian foreign ministry saying that 2,389 Ukrainian children had been illegally removed from Donetsk and Luhansk and taken to Russia.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> On 24 March, Ukraine's human rights <a href="/wiki/Ombudsman" title="Ombudsman">ombudsman</a> said that over 402,000 Ukrainians had been forcefully taken to Russia, including about 84,000 children.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> Russian authorities said that more than 384,000 people, including over 80,000 children, had been evacuated to Russia from Ukraine and from the self-proclaimed republics of Donetsk and Luhansk.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> Deportation of protected peoples such as civilians during war is prohibited by Article 49 of the <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Geneva_Convention" title="Fourth Geneva Convention">Fourth Geneva Convention</a>.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> On 7 June, <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a> specialist <a href="/wiki/Tanya_Lokshina" title="Tanya Lokshina">Tanya Lokshina</a> emphasized this, reiterating that forcible involuntary deportation was itself a war crime, and called for Russia to stop this practice. In addition, <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kharkiv_Human_Rights_Protection_Group" title="Kharkiv Human Rights Protection Group">Kharkiv Human Rights Protection Group</a> reported cases where refugees were being intimidated and pressured to implicate <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Ukraine" title="Armed Forces of Ukraine">Armed Forces of Ukraine</a> personnel for war crimes in long interrogation sessions, including the <a href="/wiki/Mariupol_theatre_airstrike" title="Mariupol theatre airstrike">Mariupol theatre airstrike</a>.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> In December 2023 Igor Salikov, a colonel of the Russian army and <a href="/wiki/Wagner_Group" title="Wagner Group">"Wagner" group</a> commander, defected to the Netherlands to testify about "atrocities against civilians" and forced deportation of large groups of children from Ukraine to Belarus.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption>Deportations due to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Time period </th> <th scope="col">Deported </th> <th scope="col">Source </th></tr> <tr> <td scope="row">18 February </td> <td>90,000 (DNR and LNR) </td> <td>Ombudsman of Ukraine<a href="#cite_note-theins.ru-37">[37]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row">24 February – 24 March 2022 </td> <td>402,000 </td> <td>Ombudsman of Ukraine<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row">24 February – 11 April 2022 </td> <td>700,000 </td> <td>Ombudsman of Ukraine<a href="#cite_note-theins.ru-37">[37]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row">24 February – 28 April 2022 </td> <td>1,000,000 </td> <td>Ombudsman of Ukraine<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arbitrary_detention_and_forced_disappearance">Arbitrary detention and forced disappearance</h3></div> In March 2022, the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Human_Rights" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights">United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights</a> reported 270 cases of arbitrary detention and enforced disappearance of civilians, eight of whom were later found dead. The OHCHR informed the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council" title="United Nations Human Rights Council">Human Rights Council</a> that arbitrary detention of civilians, including 21 journalists and civil society activists, had become "widespread" in territory controlled by Russian forces and affiliated armed groups. Nine of them had already reportedly been released.<a href="#cite_note-BBC_Civilians_abducted-40">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-HRMMU_Statement_March-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-HRMMU_Report_March-41">[41]</a> The Human Rights Monitoring Mission also verified the arrests and detention of 24 public officials and civil servants, including three mayors, by Russian armed forces and affiliated armed groups of the self-proclaimed republics of <a href="/wiki/Luhansk_People%27s_Republic" title="Luhansk People's Republic">Luhansk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Donetsk_People%27s_Republic" title="Donetsk People's Republic">Donetsk</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BBC_Civilians_abducted-40">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-HRMMU_Statement_March-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-HRMMU_Report_March-41">[41]</a> International humanitarian law allows the internment of civilians in armed conflict only when they individually pose a security threat, <a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> and all detained persons whose prisoners of war (PoW) status is in doubt must be treated as prisoners of war under the Geneva Convention until their status has been determined.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> Reports of missing civilians, most of them male, were rampant to the west of Kyiv as Russian troops withdrew. One woman in <a href="/wiki/Makariv" title="Makariv">Makhariv</a> told reporters she saw Russian soldiers take her son-in-law at gunpoint from their house, and that he had not been seen since. Another man disappeared in <a href="/wiki/Shpaky" title="Shpaky">Shpytky</a>, while attempting to deliver petrol to a friend. Only his burned out and bullet-ridden car was later found by Ukrainian troops.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> On 5 July 2022, the <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Human Rights Council">Human Rights Council</a> said that arbitrary detention of civilians had become "widespread" OHCHR also reported that since the beginning of the invasion the <a href="/wiki/Security_Service_of_Ukraine" title="Security Service of Ukraine">Security Service of Ukraine</a> and <a href="/wiki/National_Police_of_Ukraine" title="National Police of Ukraine">National Police</a> had arrested over one thousand pro-Russian supporters, and that 12 cases were likely to amount to enforced disappearance by Ukrainian law enforcement bodies.<a href="#cite_note-OHCHR_July-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> As of 15 May 2022, 62 victims (44 men and 18 women) of enforced disappearance had been released by Russian and Russian-affiliated armed groups. Most often the victims were released in "exchanges of prisoners" between Russia and Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-OHCHR_July-45">[45]</a> According to the OHCHR, such exchanges might constitute cases of <a href="/wiki/Hostage" title="Hostage">hostage</a> taking; if Russia's release of detained Ukrainian civilians was made conditional on Ukraine's release of Russian prisoners of war, this, in armed conflict, amounts to a war crime.<a href="#cite_note-OHCHR_July-45">[45]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Filtration_camps">Filtration camps</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Russian_filtration_camps_for_Ukrainians" title="Russian filtration camps for Ukrainians">Russian filtration camps for Ukrainians</a></div> Evacuees from Mariupol raised concerns about the treatment of fellow evacuees by Russian troops at a Russian filtration camp that reportedly housed civilians until they were evacuated. Ukrainian officials have called similar camps "modern-day <a href="/wiki/Concentration_camps" class="mw-redirect" title="Concentration camps">concentration camps</a>". Refugees reported torture and killings at filtration camps, especially in Mariupol.<a href="#cite_note-BBC_filtration-47">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> This included beatings, electrocution and suffocation with plastic bags over the heads.<a href="#cite_note-BBC_filtration-47">[47]</a> The refugees were fingerprinted, photographed from all sides, and had their phones searched. Anyone believed to be a "Ukrainian Nazi" was taken to Donetsk for interrogation. Refugees told reporters the camps lacked basic necessities and most evacuations forced refugees into Russia.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> On 5 July the OHCHR expressed concern about the whereabouts and treatment of those still in the filtration process who were possibly detained in unknown locations at high risk of torture and ill-treatment.<a href="#cite_note-OHCHR_July-45">[45]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Attacks_on_civilians">Attacks on civilians</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Attacks_on_civilians_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Attacks on civilians in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Attacks on civilians in the Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:House_on_Bohatyrska_Street_after_shelling_of_14_March_2022_(01).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/House_on_Bohatyrska_Street_after_shelling_of_14_March_2022_%2801%29.jpg/220px-House_on_Bohatyrska_Street_after_shelling_of_14_March_2022_%2801%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/House_on_Bohatyrska_Street_after_shelling_of_14_March_2022_%2801%29.jpg/330px-House_on_Bohatyrska_Street_after_shelling_of_14_March_2022_%2801%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/House_on_Bohatyrska_Street_after_shelling_of_14_March_2022_%2801%29.jpg/440px-House_on_Bohatyrska_Street_after_shelling_of_14_March_2022_%2801%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>Shelled residential buildings in Kyiv, 14 March 2022</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ukrainian_civilian_killed_during_the_Russian_bombing_of_Chernihiv.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Ukrainian_civilian_killed_during_the_Russian_bombing_of_Chernihiv.jpg/220px-Ukrainian_civilian_killed_during_the_Russian_bombing_of_Chernihiv.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="323" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Ukrainian_civilian_killed_during_the_Russian_bombing_of_Chernihiv.jpg/330px-Ukrainian_civilian_killed_during_the_Russian_bombing_of_Chernihiv.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Ukrainian_civilian_killed_during_the_Russian_bombing_of_Chernihiv.jpg/440px-Ukrainian_civilian_killed_during_the_Russian_bombing_of_Chernihiv.jpg 2x" data-file-width="721" data-file-height="1060" /></a><figcaption>A Ukrainian civilian killed during the Russian bombing of Chernihiv, 28 February 2022</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zaporizhzhia_after_Russian_shelling,_2022-10-09_(41).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Zaporizhzhia_after_Russian_shelling%2C_2022-10-09_%2841%29.jpg/220px-Zaporizhzhia_after_Russian_shelling%2C_2022-10-09_%2841%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Zaporizhzhia_after_Russian_shelling%2C_2022-10-09_%2841%29.jpg/330px-Zaporizhzhia_after_Russian_shelling%2C_2022-10-09_%2841%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Zaporizhzhia_after_Russian_shelling%2C_2022-10-09_%2841%29.jpg/440px-Zaporizhzhia_after_Russian_shelling%2C_2022-10-09_%2841%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1350" /></a><figcaption>Damage to a residential building in Ukrainian-controlled <a href="/wiki/Zaporizhzhia" title="Zaporizhzhia">Zaporizhzhia</a> following the <a href="/wiki/Zaporizhzhia_residential_building_airstrike" class="mw-redirect" title="Zaporizhzhia residential building airstrike">airstrike</a> of 9 October 2022</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Infant_body_killed_by_russian_nazies.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Infant_body_killed_by_russian_nazies.jpg/220px-Infant_body_killed_by_russian_nazies.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="294" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Infant_body_killed_by_russian_nazies.jpg/330px-Infant_body_killed_by_russian_nazies.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Infant_body_killed_by_russian_nazies.jpg/440px-Infant_body_killed_by_russian_nazies.jpg 2x" data-file-width="958" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>Body of a child killed in a Russian <a href="/wiki/Vinnytsia_missile_strikes" class="mw-redirect" title="Vinnytsia missile strikes">missile attack on the city centre of Vinnytsia</a></figcaption></figure> The charter of the <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court</a>, defines attacks against civilian infrastructure constitute crimes of war.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> The <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Human_Rights_Monitoring_Mission_in_Ukraine" title="United Nations Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine">UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine</a>, said Russia made <a href="/wiki/Indiscriminate_attack" title="Indiscriminate attack">indiscriminate attacks</a> and strikes on civilian assets like houses, hospitals, schools and kindergartens.<a href="#cite_note-HRMMU_Report_March-41">[41]</a> On 25 February, Amnesty International said Russian forces had "shown a blatant disregard for civilian lives by using ballistic missiles and other explosive weapons with wide-area effects in densely-populated areas". Russia falsely claimed it only used <a href="/wiki/Precision-guided_munition" title="Precision-guided munition">precision-guided weapons</a>, Amnesty said, and attacks on <a href="/wiki/Vuhledar" title="Vuhledar">Vuhledar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kharkiv_(2022)" title="Battle of Kharkiv (2022)">Kharkiv</a> and <a href="/wiki/Uman" title="Uman">Uman</a>, were likely crimes of war.<a href="#cite_note-AI_RU_military_indiscriminate_attacks-5">[5]</a> A 3 March statement from the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights said it recorded at least 1006 civilian casualties in the first week of the invasion, but believed the real figures were "considerably higher."<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> The <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a> said on 6 March that multiple health care centres had been attacked, and Director-General <a href="/wiki/Tedros_Adhanom_Ghebreyesus" title="Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus">Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus</a> noted that "attacks on healthcare facilities or workers breach <a href="/wiki/Medical_neutrality" title="Medical neutrality">medical neutrality</a> and violate <a href="/wiki/International_humanitarian_law" title="International humanitarian law">international humanitarian law</a>."<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> Russia repeatedly violated international humanitarian law with indiscriminate attacks and direct attacks on civilian targets Amnesty said, and verified reports and footage demonstrated numerous strikes on hospitals and schools and the use of inaccurate explosive weapons and banned weapons such as cluster bombs.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> On 5 July, UN High Commissioner for Human Rights <a href="/wiki/Michelle_Bachelet" title="Michelle Bachelet">Michelle Bachelet</a> reported that most civilian casualties documented by her office were caused by the Russians' repeated use of explosive weapons in populated areas, and that the heavy civilian toll from indiscriminate weapons and tactics had become "indisputable".<a href="#cite_note-OHCHR_July-45">[45]</a> Reports on the <a href="/wiki/Use_of_cluster_munitions_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Use of cluster munitions in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">use of cluster munitions</a> in populated areas of Ukraine raised concerns about civilian casualties.<a href="#cite_note-HRMMU_Report_March-41">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-Wired_Cluster-54">[54]</a> Neither the Russian Federation nor Ukraine ratified the 2008 <a href="/wiki/Convention_on_Cluster_Munitions" title="Convention on Cluster Munitions">Convention on Cluster Munitions</a>,<a href="#cite_note-UN_treaty_collection-55">[55]</a> but principles of international humanitarian law prohibit <a href="/wiki/Indiscriminate_attack" title="Indiscriminate attack">indiscriminate and disproportionate attacks</a>.<a href="#cite_note-HRMMU_Statement_March-7">[7]</a> The UN High Commissioner for Human Rights ffice of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights said cluster munitions were used by both Russian armed forces and <a href="/wiki/Russian_people%27s_militias_in_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian people's militias in Ukraine">pro-Russian separatists</a>, and to a lesser degree by Ukrainian armed forces.<a href="#cite_note-Report_OHCHR-14">[14]</a>: para. 27–30  <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> reported on 19 June 2023 it had seen over 1000 photographs of cluster munitions in populated areas. It said most were unguided missiles with a propensity for collateral damage to civilians. In November 2024, Amnesty International reported that 2024 had seen a significant increase in civilian casualties, particularly highlighting attacks, including war crimes, resulting in children killed and injured in Russian airstrikes. Amnesty said it had verified over 120 videos and images of attacks against children in 2024, data suggesting the summer being the deadliest period.<a href="#cite_note-o970-56">[56]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kyiv_and_Chernihiv_oblasts">Kyiv and Chernihiv oblasts</h3></div> Human Rights Watch said that in <a href="/wiki/Staryi_Bykiv" title="Staryi Bykiv">Staryi Bykiv</a> Russian forces rounded up at least six men on 27 February and executed them.<a href="#cite_note-HRWCrimes4422-57">[57]</a> The soldiers left on 31 March after more executions. Most property in Staryi Bykiv and Novyi Bykiv was damaged or destroyed, including the school.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> On 28 February, five civilians defending the post office in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peremoha,_Baryshivka_settlement_hromada,_Brovary_Raion,_Kyiv_Oblast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peremoha, Baryshivka settlement hromada, Brovary Raion, Kyiv Oblast (page does not exist)">Peremoha</a> [<a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0_(%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%88%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%89%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0)" class="extiw" title="uk:Перемога (Баришівська селищна громада)">uk</a>] were reportedly summarily executed by Russians, who later blew up the post office.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> On 7 March, a Ukrainian Territorial Defense Forces drone near <a href="/wiki/European_route_E40" title="European route E40">E40 highway</a> outside Kyiv filmed Russian troops shooting a civilian with his hands up.<a href="#cite_note-E40BBC2-60">[60]</a> When Ukrainian forces recaptured the area four weeks later, a BBC news crew found the burned bodies of the man and his wife near their burned car. At least ten dead bodies lined the highway, some also burnt. Two wore recognisable Ukrainian military uniforms. The drone footage was submitted to Ukrainian authorities and London's <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Police" title="Metropolitan Police">Metropolitan Police</a>.<a href="#cite_note-E40BBC2-60">[60]</a> Russia progressively 26 March 2022 towards <a href="/wiki/Donbas" title="Donbas">Donbas</a>.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> <a href="/wiki/Borodianka" title="Borodianka">Borodianka</a>'s mayor said Russian soldiers fired through every open window as their convoy moved through town. Retreating Russians also <a href="/wiki/Antipersonnel_mine" class="mw-redirect" title="Antipersonnel mine">mined</a> the town. Its inhabitants later reported that Russian occupiers had deliberately targeted them and blocked rescue efforts.<a href="#cite_note-npr-return-62">[62]</a> Kyiv regional police reported pn 15 April that 900 civilian bodies were found in the region after the Russians withdrew, with more than 350 in <a href="/wiki/Bucha,_Kyiv_Oblast" class="mw-redirect" title="Bucha, Kyiv Oblast">Bucha</a>. They said almost 95% of them were "simply executed". Bodies continued to be found under rubble and in mass graves.<a href="#cite_note-ap160422-63">[63]</a> As of 15 May, over 1,200 civilian bodies had been recovered in <a href="/wiki/Kyiv_Oblast" title="Kyiv Oblast">Kyiv Oblast</a> alone.<a href="#cite_note-OHCHR_July-45">[45]</a> The Ukrainian Defense Ministry said another 132 were found in <a href="/wiki/Makariv" title="Makariv">Makariv</a>, and accused Russians of torturing and killing them.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> On 5 July, the OHCHR said it was working on over 300 reports of deliberate Russian killings of civilians.<a href="#cite_note-OHCHR_July-45">[45]</a> with prima facie evidence, witness statements, and Ukrainian intercepts of Russian military conversations,<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> and Russian contingency planning for mass graves.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bucha_massacre">Bucha massacre</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bucha_massacre" title="Bucha massacre">Bucha massacre</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Executed_people_in_basement_in_Bucha.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Executed_people_in_basement_in_Bucha.jpg/220px-Executed_people_in_basement_in_Bucha.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Executed_people_in_basement_in_Bucha.jpg/330px-Executed_people_in_basement_in_Bucha.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Executed_people_in_basement_in_Bucha.jpg/440px-Executed_people_in_basement_in_Bucha.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption>Executed civilians with wrists bound in plastic restraints, in a basement in Bucha, 3 April 2022</figcaption></figure> Russian forces north of Kyiv withdrew in late March, Videos emerged of bodies in the streets, at least twenty in civilian clothing.<a href="#cite_note-Stern,_Kelly,_Parker,_April_2-67">[67]</a> <a href="/wiki/Agence_France-Presse" title="Agence France-Presse">AFP</a> saw at least twenty civilians corpses in the street, all shot in the back of the head. At least one had its hands tied, Another 270 to 280 were buried in <a href="/wiki/Mass_grave" title="Mass grave">mass graves</a>.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-Stern,_Kelly,_Parker,_April_2-67">[67]</a> Police said on 15 April they had found 350 bodies in Bucha, most with gunshot wounds.<a href="#cite_note-ap160422-63">[63]</a> Drone video verified by The New York Times showed two Russian armoured vehicles firing at a civilian walking a bicycle. A later video showed the body lying next to a bicycle.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a> reported a man trapped at a checkpoint who took artillery fire then was captured, beaten and tortured, then taken outside to be shot. He played dead until he could flee.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a> reported tied bodies of civilians at a temple, run over by a tank.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> <a href="/wiki/Territorial_Defense_Forces_(Ukraine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Territorial Defense Forces (Ukraine)">Territorial Defense Forces</a> released video of 18 mutilated bodies in Zabuchchia, <a href="/wiki/Bucha_Raion" title="Bucha Raion">Bucha Raion</a>.<a href="#cite_note-thetimes2-72">[72]</a> A Ukrainian soldier said some bodies had their ears cut off and the teeth of others had been pulled.<a href="#cite_note-thetimes2-72">[72]</a> <a href="/wiki/Radio_Free_Europe/Radio_Liberty" title="Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty">Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty</a> reported a Russian "execution cellar" used by Russian forces.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> Russian soldiers killed a woman and her 14-year-old after they threw smoke grenades into a basement where they hid.<a href="#cite_note-HRWCrimes4422-57">[57]</a> Russian tanks entered Bucha shooting randomly at house windows as they drove down the streets.<a href="#cite_note-HRW30March-74">[74]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> said snipers in high-rise buildings shot at anyone that moved.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-75">[75]</a> A witness told Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty that Russians "were killing people systematically. I personally heard how one sniper was boasting that he 'offed' two people he saw in apartment windows..."<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> Troops fired at civilians seeking food and water, witnesses said, and ordered them back inside without basic necessities like water and heat. Russian troops shot indiscriminately at buildings and refused medical aid to injured civilians, HRW said.<a href="#cite_note-HRW30March-74">[74]</a> Russian soldiers checked documents and killed anyone who had fought in <a href="/wiki/War_in_Donbas_(2014%E2%80%932022)" class="mw-redirect" title="War in Donbas (2014–2022)">Donbas</a> or had tattoos of right-wing or Ukrainian symbols, said a witness. In the last days of occupation, <a href="/wiki/Kadyrovites" title="Kadyrovites">Kadyrovite</a> Chechen fighters shot at every civilian they met.<a href="#cite_note-vottak2022-77">[77]</a> A resident said Russians checked cell phones for evidence of "anti-Russian activity" before they took people away or shot them.<a href="#cite_note-ABC03April-78">[78]</a> <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a> saw charred bodies on a residential street near a playground in Bucha on 5 April. One had a bullet hole in its skull, another was the burned body of a child. They could not identify them or determine how they died.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> Ukrainian investigators found <a href="/wiki/Decapitation" title="Decapitation">beheadings</a>, mutilation and incinerated corpses, and the next day three more bodies in a glass factory, <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a> reported. At least one body was booby trapped, mined with tripwires.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> HRW reported "extensive evidence of summary executions... and torture" in Bucha and 16 apparently unlawful killings, nine summary executions and seven indiscriminate killings of civilians.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> The New York Times on 19 May released video of Russian paratroopers leading a group of civilians, clearly in Russian custody minutes before their execution. The video confirms eyewitness accounts.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> By 8 August 458 bodies were recovered, including 9 children; 419 were killed with weapons and 39 died of natural causes possibly related to the occupation.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> On 7 December OHCHR reported that the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Human_Rights_Monitoring_Mission_in_Ukraine" title="United Nations Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine">Monitoring Mission in Ukraine</a> had documented at least 73 unlawful killings of civilians in Bucha and were still confirming another 105.<a href="#cite_note-ohchr.org-84">[84]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kharkiv_Oblast">Kharkiv Oblast</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cemetery_in_Izium_made_during_Russian_occupation_(07).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Cemetery_in_Izium_made_during_Russian_occupation_%2807%29.jpg/220px-Cemetery_in_Izium_made_during_Russian_occupation_%2807%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Cemetery_in_Izium_made_during_Russian_occupation_%2807%29.jpg/330px-Cemetery_in_Izium_made_during_Russian_occupation_%2807%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Cemetery_in_Izium_made_during_Russian_occupation_%2807%29.jpg/440px-Cemetery_in_Izium_made_during_Russian_occupation_%2807%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="852" /></a><figcaption>Bodies being exhumed from mass graves in Izium</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Izium_mass_graves" title="Izium mass graves">Izium mass graves</a></div> On 15 September 2022, after Russian forces were <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Izium_(2022)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Izium (2022)">driven out of Izium</a> hundreds of graves with simple wooden crosses, most of them marked only with numbers, were found in the woods near the city.<a href="#cite_note-Maloletka-85">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-theguardianizium-86">[86]</a> One of the larger graves bore a marker saying it contained the bodies of at least 17 Ukrainian soldiers.<a href="#cite_note-Maloletka-85">[85]</a> Ukrainian investigators said 447 bodies were found: 414 of them civilians (215 men, 194 women, 5 children), 22 soldiers, and 11 bodies whose gender had not yet been determined as of 23 September. While some casualties were caused by artillery fire<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> and lack of healthcare,<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> most showed signs of violent death and 30 of torture and summary execution, including ropes around their necks, bound hands, broken limbs and genital amputation.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-:TGIZIUM-90">[90]</a> In <a href="/wiki/Kupiansk" title="Kupiansk">Kupiansk</a>, local law enforcement found the bodies of a family of three and their neighbour, shot at close range in mid-September and buried in a mass grave. The bodies had bullet wounds to the chest and head. Automatic weapon casings were found in a nearby cellar. On 6 October, police found two bodies of tortured men in a brick-making workshop, one with a gunshot wound.<a href="#cite_note-:1-91">[91]</a> On 5 October 2022, mass graves were also found in <a href="/wiki/Lyman,_Ukraine" title="Lyman, Ukraine">Lyman</a>, Ukrainian troops and law enforcement found 110 trenches containing graves, some for children, at the Nova Masliakivka cemetery. Both civilians and soldiers, the 55 bodies showed "explosive and projectile injuries, as well as bullet injuries". Among the dead were a family and their 1-year-old child.<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> 34 bodies of Ukrainian soldiers were also found, in total, 144 bodies were found in the city, 108 of which in mass graves, among the dead, 85 were civilians.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> Witnesses said Russian troops killed everyone who helped Ukrainian soldiers, and forced locals to bury the bodies. They said many bodies were left for days in the street.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> On 30 August 2024, officials said that six people had died, including a 14-year old girl, and 55 people had been wounded following a Russian guided bomb attack on Kharkiv that struck a 12-story apartment block and playground. Following the attack, US ambassador <a href="/wiki/Bridget_A._Brink" title="Bridget A. Brink">Bridget A Brink</a> called on Russia to be "held accountable for these war crimes" in Kharkiv.<a href="#cite_note-f106-95">[95]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trostianets">Trostianets</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Sumy_Oblast" title="Russian occupation of Sumy Oblast">Russian occupation of Sumy Oblast</a></div> After <a href="/wiki/Trostianets" title="Trostianets">Trostianets</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sumy_Oblast" title="Sumy Oblast">Sumy Oblast</a> was retaken, the morgue reported that at least one person had been tortured and killed by Russians, and young people abducted. The hospital was also shelled; the locals accused the Russians.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> Reporters from The Guardian visited the town after it was retaken and found evidence of executions, looting and torture. The mayor said Russians killed between 50 and 100 civilians during their occupation of the town. A witness said Russian soldiers fired into the air to frighten women delivering food to the elderly, shouting "Run bitches!".<a href="#cite_note-theguardian-2022-04-05-97">[97]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shooting_at_civilian_vehicles">Shooting at civilian vehicles</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Missile_strike_on_a_humanitarian_convoy_in_Zaporizhzhia,_2022-09-30_(02).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Missile_strike_on_a_humanitarian_convoy_in_Zaporizhzhia%2C_2022-09-30_%2802%29.jpg/220px-Missile_strike_on_a_humanitarian_convoy_in_Zaporizhzhia%2C_2022-09-30_%2802%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Missile_strike_on_a_humanitarian_convoy_in_Zaporizhzhia%2C_2022-09-30_%2802%29.jpg/330px-Missile_strike_on_a_humanitarian_convoy_in_Zaporizhzhia%2C_2022-09-30_%2802%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Missile_strike_on_a_humanitarian_convoy_in_Zaporizhzhia%2C_2022-09-30_%2802%29.jpg/440px-Missile_strike_on_a_humanitarian_convoy_in_Zaporizhzhia%2C_2022-09-30_%2802%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Killed Ukrainian civilians during the <a href="/wiki/Zaporizhzhia_civilian_convoy_attack" title="Zaporizhzhia civilian convoy attack">Zaporizhzhia civilian convoy attack</a> by Russian Army with <a href="/wiki/S-300_missile_system" title="S-300 missile system">S-300 missile systems</a> in September 2022</figcaption></figure> According to Ukrainian regional authorities, at least 25 civilians, including six children, were killed in attacks on cars trying to flee <a href="/wiki/Chernihiv" title="Chernihiv">Chernihiv</a>, or attacked in public places; one such incident involved the killing of a 15-year-old boy on 9 March, investigated by tne BBC and reported on 10 April.<a href="#cite_note-:3-1">[1]</a> On 2 May a Human Rights Watch report documented three incidents in Kyiv and Chernihiv oblasts where Russians firing on passing cars, killing six civilians and wounding three. Witness accounts and onsite investigations revealed that the attacks were likely deliberate and suggested that the Russians also fired on other vehicles.<a href="#cite_note-HRW_Vehicles-3">[3]</a> On 28 February, Russian forces shot at two vehicles that were trying to flee from <a href="/wiki/Hostomel" title="Hostomel">Hostomel</a>, northwest of Kyiv. On 3 March, in the same area, they opened fire on a vehicle with four men who were going to negotiate the delivery of humanitarian aid. In the village of <a href="/wiki/Nova_Basan" title="Nova Basan">Nova Basan</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Chernihiv_Oblast" title="Chernihiv Oblast">Chernihiv Oblast</a>, Russian soldiers shot at a civilian van carrying two men, injuring one; then pulled the second man from the van and summarily executed him, while the injured man escaped.<a href="#cite_note-HRW_Vehicles-3">[3]</a> CCTV video also from 28 February shows that two civilians (a 72-year-old man and a 68-year-old woman) were killed when their car was blown apart by shots from a Russian <a href="/wiki/BMP-3" title="BMP-3">BMP</a> armoured <a href="/wiki/Infantry_fighting_vehicle" title="Infantry fighting vehicle">infantry fighting vehicle</a> at the intersection of Bogdan Khmelnytsky Street and Okruzhna Road, near the hospital in Makariv.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> The Kyiv Independent reported that on 4 March Russian forces killed three unarmed Ukrainian civilians who had just delivered <a href="/wiki/Dog_food" title="Dog food">dog food</a> to a <a href="/wiki/Animal_shelter" title="Animal shelter">dog shelter</a> in Bucha. As they were approaching their house, a Russian armored vehicle opened fire on the car.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> In another incident, on 5 March at around 7:15 AM in Bucha, a pair of cars carrying two families trying to leave the town were spotted by Russian soldiers as the vehicles turned onto Chkalova Street. Russian forces in an armored vehicle opened fire on the convoy, killing a man in the second vehicle. The front car was hit by a burst of machine-gun fire, instantly killing two children and their mother.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> On 27 March the Russian army shot at a convoy of cars carrying civilians fleeing the village of Stepanki, near <a href="/wiki/Kharkiv" title="Kharkiv">Kharkiv</a>. An elderly woman and a 13-year-old girl were killed. The incident was investigated both by the team on war crimes of the prosecutor's office in the Kharkiv Oblast and by the Canadian news outlet <a href="/wiki/Global_News" title="Global News">Global News</a>. The prosecutor's office said that on 26 March a Russian commander had given the order to fire rockets at civilian areas in order to create a sense of panic among the population. Global News presented what it saw as flaws in the official investigation.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> On 18 April, during the capture of <a href="/wiki/Kreminna" title="Kreminna">Kreminna</a>, Russian forces were accused of shooting four civilians fleeing in their cars.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Double_tap_strikes">Double tap strikes</h3></div> Russia has been accused of carrying out "double tap" strikes during its invasion of Ukraine. On 28 September 2024, Ukrainian officials said that eight people had died following two consecutive Russian drone attacks on a medical centre in <a href="/wiki/Sumy" title="Sumy">Sumy</a>. Interior Minister <a href="/wiki/Ihor_Klymenko" title="Ihor Klymenko">Ihor Klymenko</a> and regional prosecutors said that the second attack took place as patients and staff were evacuating, and rescuers and police were providing assistance. The "double tap" method has been criticized as a war crime, as it is aimed at civilians rushing to help the wounded.<a href="#cite_note-r756-106">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-k738-107">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-a028-108">[108]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Deliberate_targeting_of_civilians_using_drones">Deliberate targeting of civilians using drones</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Human_safari_(terror_campaign)" title="Human safari (terror campaign)">Human safari (terror campaign)</a></div> In October 2024, Forbes reported that Russians were using drones to deliberately target civilians in <a href="/wiki/Kherson" title="Kherson">Kherson</a>, and then ″proudly″ sharing the footage of the attacks on social media. Attacks being ″shared and celebrated″ included on commuters, people at bus stops, and on children playing in parks. This terror campaign has become known as the ″Human Safari″. Deliberate attacks on civilians are outlawed in the <a href="/wiki/Geneva_Conventions" title="Geneva Conventions">Geneva Conventions</a>, and Forbes stated that the perpetrators posting evidence of their crimes online should make them easier to trace in war crimes investigations.<a href="#cite_note-t129-109">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-o093-110">[110]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Kupiansk_civilian_convoy_shooting">Kupiansk civilian convoy shooting</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kupiansk_civilian_convoy_shelling.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Kupiansk_civilian_convoy_shelling.jpg/220px-Kupiansk_civilian_convoy_shelling.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Kupiansk_civilian_convoy_shelling.jpg/330px-Kupiansk_civilian_convoy_shelling.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Kupiansk_civilian_convoy_shelling.jpg/440px-Kupiansk_civilian_convoy_shelling.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="853" /></a><figcaption>Aftermath of the attack on the civilian convoy in Kupiansk</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Kupiansk_civilian_convoy_shelling" title="Kupiansk civilian convoy shelling">Kupiansk civilian convoy shelling</a></div> On 30 September, a convoy of six civilian cars and a van on the outskirts of the village of <a href="/wiki/Kurylivka,_Kupiansk_Raion" title="Kurylivka, Kupiansk Raion">Kurylivka</a> (at that time in the so-called "gray zone" between Kupiansk and <a href="/wiki/Svatove" title="Svatove">Svatove</a>) was discovered by Ukrainian forces, with around 24 people killed, including a pregnant woman and 13 children.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> Ukraine accused Russian forces of being the perpetrators.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> Investigations suggested that the civilians were killed around 25 September.<a href="#cite_note-:1-91">[91]</a> The bodies were apparently shot and burned out, according to 7 witnesses who managed to flee to the village of <a href="/wiki/Kivsharivka" title="Kivsharivka">Kivsharivka</a>, the convoy was ambushed by Russian forces on 25 September at around ~9:00 AM (UTC+3) while leaving for the village of <a href="/wiki/Pishchanka_Raion" title="Pishchanka Raion">Pishchane</a> through the only available road at that time, after the attack, the Russian troops reportedly executed the remaining survivors.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> During the month, law enforcement officers identified all the victims of the convoy.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-ukrinformkupiansk-115">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> 22 people managed to escape, 3 of those (including 2 children) injured.<a href="#cite_note-ukrinformkupiansk-115">[115]</a> in the following days, 2 other bodies were found, with the final death toll being 26.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> Some of the physical evidence (the bodies of the victims and the car) was examined by French experts. They discovered signs of the use of 30 mm and 45 mm high-explosive shells, as well as <a href="/wiki/AGS-17" title="AGS-17">VOG-17</a> and <a href="/wiki/GP-25" title="GP-25">VOG-25</a> grenades.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Shooting_of_Andrii_Bohomaz">Shooting of Andrii Bohomaz</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Shooting_of_Andrii_Bohomaz" title="Shooting of Andrii Bohomaz">Shooting of Andrii Bohomaz</a></div> In June 2022, Russian troops fired against Andrii Bohomaz and Valeria Ponomarova, a married couple in a car in the Izium area.<a href="#cite_note-cnnbohomaz-119">[119]</a> The car was struck with a <a href="/wiki/30_mm_caliber" title="30 mm caliber">30 millimetre</a> round fired from the <a href="/wiki/Shipunov_2A42" title="Shipunov 2A42">gun</a> on a <a href="/wiki/BMP-2" title="BMP-2">BMP-2</a> fighting vehicle.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> The couple fled from their damaged car after the attack, Bohomaz had been badly injured in the head, Russian troops later found him, and, incorrectly assuming he was dead, dropped him in a ditch, he woke up 30 hours later, with several injuries and shrapnels lodged in his body.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a><a href="#cite_note-cnnbohomaz-119">[119]</a> Bohomaz later managed to walk to a Ukrainian position, being rescued and given first aid by Ukrainian troops.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> Ukrainian forces later liberated the region, allowing them to start an investigation about the shooting, Ukrainian police have accused Russian commander Klim Kerzhaev of the <a href="/wiki/2nd_Guards_Motor_Rifle_Division" title="2nd Guards Motor Rifle Division">2nd Guards Motor Rifle Division</a> for being responsible for the shooting, based on interceptions of his phone calls to his wife after the shooting.<a href="#cite_note-cnnbohomaz-119">[119]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Unlawful_wanton_destruction_or_appropriation_of_property">Unlawful wanton destruction or appropriation of property</h2></div> The Geneva Convention recognizes wanton destruction of property which may include targeting of hospitals, energy infrastructure, and nuclear powerplants.<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Attacks_on_hospitals_and_medical_facilities">Attacks on hospitals and medical facilities</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Russian_strikes_on_hospitals_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian strikes on hospitals during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian strikes on hospitals during the Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hospital_in_Beryslav_after_Russian_shelling,_2023-10-05_(02).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Hospital_in_Beryslav_after_Russian_shelling%2C_2023-10-05_%2802%29.jpg/220px-Hospital_in_Beryslav_after_Russian_shelling%2C_2023-10-05_%2802%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Hospital_in_Beryslav_after_Russian_shelling%2C_2023-10-05_%2802%29.jpg/330px-Hospital_in_Beryslav_after_Russian_shelling%2C_2023-10-05_%2802%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Hospital_in_Beryslav_after_Russian_shelling%2C_2023-10-05_%2802%29.jpg/440px-Hospital_in_Beryslav_after_Russian_shelling%2C_2023-10-05_%2802%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Hospital in Beryslav (Kherson region) after Russian shelling on 5 October 2023</figcaption></figure> As of 26 March 2022, the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Human_Rights_Monitoring_Mission_in_Ukraine" title="United Nations Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine">UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine</a> verified 74 attacks on medical facilities, 61 of them in Government-controlled territory (e.g. air strikes on hospitals in Izium, Mariupol, <a href="/wiki/Ovruch" title="Ovruch">Ovruch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Volnovakha" title="Volnovakha">Volnovakha</a> and Vuhledar), nine occurring in territory controlled by Russian affiliated armed groups, and four in contested settlements. Six perinatal centres, maternity hospitals, and ten children's hospitals had been hit, resulting in the complete destruction of two children's hospitals and one perinatal hospital.<a href="#cite_note-HRMMU_Report_March-41">[41]</a> On 26 March, <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">AP</a> journalists in Ukraine claimed they had gathered sufficient evidence to demonstrate that Russia was deliberately targeting Ukrainian hospitals across the country.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> On 7 March 2022, the Ukrainian armed forces reportedly took positions at a care house in the village of Stara Krasnianka, near <a href="/wiki/Kreminna" title="Kreminna">Kreminna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luhansk_Oblast" title="Luhansk Oblast">Luhansk Oblast</a>, due to house's strategic location, with the evacuation reportedly impossible due to <a href="/wiki/Land_mine" title="Land mine">mining</a>. On 11 March 2022, <a href="/wiki/Russian_separatist_forces_in_Donbas" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian separatist forces in Donbas">Russia-affiliated forces</a> <a href="/wiki/Stara_Krasnianka_care_house_attack" title="Stara Krasnianka care house attack">attacked the care house</a> with heavy weapons while 71 patients with disabilities and 15 members of staff were still inside. A fire broke out and approximately fifty people died. Ukraine’s prosecutor general office announced war crimes charges against Russia for the attack. The area was under Russian control, and Ukrainian investigators had been unable to access the site.<a href="#cite_note-WoPo_April-125">[125]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Human_Rights" title="Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights">OHCHR</a> published a report which didn't find that Russia committed any war crimes. It didn't say that Ukraine used human shields but the report expressed concern about allegations of this occurring. The report found that Ukrainian forces occupied the building before the attack, thus care home patients were not the intendent target.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a><a href="#cite_note-Report_OHCHR-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> On 30 March 2022, the <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a> (WHO) reported that there had been 82 verified Russian attacks on medical care in Ukraine – including attacks on healthcare facilities, patients, and healthcare workers – since 24 February. WHO estimated at least 72 were killed and 43 injured in these attacks.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> By 8 April, WHO confirmed 91 attacks.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> As of 30 May 2023, WHO has verified 1,004 attacks on medical facilities in Ukraine since the beginning of the Russian invasion, resulting in at least 101 deaths among health workers and patients, and many injuries. The number of attacks verified by WHO is the highest it has ever recorded in a humanitarian emergency.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a><a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> By 21 December 2023, the number of attacks on health care had risen to 1,422, as reported by the WHO Surveillance System for Attacks on Health Care (SSA) tool.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> On 8 July 2024, a daytime Russian missile attack hit <a href="/wiki/8_July_2024_Russian_strikes_on_Ukraine" title="8 July 2024 Russian strikes on Ukraine">Okhmatdyt hospital</a>, Ukraine's largest <a href="/wiki/Children%27s_hospital" title="Children's hospital">children's hospital</a>. Ihor Klymenko, the interior minister, said five people had been confirmed dead in the attack and at least four more had been injured. A later report stated another child had died after being evacuated, and that ten children were injured in the attack.<a href="#cite_note-p556-134">[134]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Destruction_of_energy_infrastructure">Destruction of energy infrastructure</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Russian_strikes_against_Ukrainian_infrastructure_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Russian strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure (2022–present)">Russian strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure (2022–present)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_energy_crisis" title="Ukrainian energy crisis">Ukrainian energy crisis</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fire_at_an_energy_infrastructure_facility_after_Russian_shelling,_2022-09-11_(02).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Fire_at_an_energy_infrastructure_facility_after_Russian_shelling%2C_2022-09-11_%2802%29.jpg/220px-Fire_at_an_energy_infrastructure_facility_after_Russian_shelling%2C_2022-09-11_%2802%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Fire_at_an_energy_infrastructure_facility_after_Russian_shelling%2C_2022-09-11_%2802%29.jpg/330px-Fire_at_an_energy_infrastructure_facility_after_Russian_shelling%2C_2022-09-11_%2802%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Fire_at_an_energy_infrastructure_facility_after_Russian_shelling%2C_2022-09-11_%2802%29.jpg/440px-Fire_at_an_energy_infrastructure_facility_after_Russian_shelling%2C_2022-09-11_%2802%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Fire at the <a href="/wiki/Kharkiv_TEC-5" title="Kharkiv TEC-5">Kharkiv TEC-5</a> power plant after a Russian missile strike on 11 September 2022.</figcaption></figure> After October 2022, Russia increased the intensity of its attacks on <a href="/wiki/Power_station" title="Power station">power stations</a> and other civilian infrastructure in a campaign intended to <a href="/wiki/Demoralization_(warfare)" title="Demoralization (warfare)">demoralize</a> the Ukrainian people and threatening to leave millions of civilians without heating or water during winter.<a href="#cite_note-Kramer-135">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-Specia-136">[136]</a> As of 20 October 2022,<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=War_crimes_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine&action=edit">[update]</a> up to 40% of Ukraine's power grid has been attacked by Russia.<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a> The government has asked citizens to conserve energy, and introduced <a href="/wiki/Rolling_blackout" title="Rolling blackout">rolling blackouts</a>.<a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> The <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a> has warned of a potential <a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_crisis" title="Humanitarian crisis">humanitarian crisis</a>, saying that "lack of access to fuel or electricity due to damaged infrastructure could become a matter of life or death if people are unable to heat their homes."<a href="#cite_note-Specia-136">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> <a href="/wiki/Denise_Brown_(UN_official)" title="Denise Brown (UN official)">Denise Brown</a>, the United Nations <a href="/wiki/Resident_Coordinator" title="Resident Coordinator">Resident Coordinator</a> for Ukraine, said that the attacks could result in "a high risk of mortality during the winter months."<a href="#cite_note-Kramer-135">[135]</a> Ravina Shamdasani, a spokesperson for the <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Human_Rights" title="Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights">Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights</a>, said that "attacks targeting civilians and objects indispensable to the survival of civilians are prohibited under international humanitarian law" and "amount to a war crime."<a href="#cite_note-Beaumont-140">[140]</a> The <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commission" title="President of the European Commission">President of the European Commission</a> <a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">Ursula von der Leyen</a><a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> and 11 members of NATO's eastern flank also called the attacks a war crime.<a href="#cite_note-Beaumont-140">[140]</a> In his comprehensive analysis,<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> <a href="/wiki/Charles_J._Dunlap_Jr." title="Charles J. Dunlap Jr.">Charles J. Dunlap jr.</a>, executive director of <a href="/wiki/Duke_University_School_of_Law" title="Duke University School of Law">Duke Law School</a>'s Centre on Law, Ethics and National Security and former deputy judge advocate general of the U.S. Air Force, pointed to the view that "[e]lectric power stations are generally recognized to be of sufficient importance to a State's capacity to meet its wartime needs of communication, transport, and industry so as usually to qualify as military objectives during armed conflicts",<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> furthermore that they have been a favourite target for almost a century, and that Ukraine did resort to similar tactics in 2015.<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> Military structures, too, typically rely on the civilian electrical grid. Also, attacks on civilian enterprises may be justified due to the Ukraine's "sizeable domestic military-industrial complex" and due to energy exports (also in the form of electricity) being one of Ukraine's main revenue sources. The distinction between military and civilian targets is still relevant but does however not preclude attacks on dual-use (military and civilian) facilities if it is not "reasonably feasible to segregate [civilian portions] out from the overall strike" - as it may be the case with Ukraine's "thoroughly integrated" electrical grid. The blurring of citizen and combatant, e.g. by calling upon citizens to report enemy positions via government apps, further complicates the picture.<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Destruction_and_theft_of_cultural_heritage">Destruction and theft of cultural heritage</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_culture_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Ukrainian culture during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Ukrainian culture during the Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mariupol_Drama_Theatre_Destroyed_2_(3to4).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Mariupol_Drama_Theatre_Destroyed_2_%283to4%29.jpg/220px-Mariupol_Drama_Theatre_Destroyed_2_%283to4%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Mariupol_Drama_Theatre_Destroyed_2_%283to4%29.jpg/330px-Mariupol_Drama_Theatre_Destroyed_2_%283to4%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Mariupol_Drama_Theatre_Destroyed_2_%283to4%29.jpg/440px-Mariupol_Drama_Theatre_Destroyed_2_%283to4%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="958" data-file-height="719" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Donetsk_Academic_Regional_Drama_Theater" title="Donetsk Academic Regional Drama Theater">Drama Theatre in Mariupol</a> was mostly destroyed on 16 March 2022, while sheltering at least 1,300 people inside<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a></figcaption></figure> According to the United Nations intentional attacks against building dedicated to religion, education, art, science or charitable purposes, historic monuments, hospitals not being used as military infrastructure is a War Crime.<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> The use of explosive weapons with wide-area effects has raised concerns about the proximity of historic monuments, works of art, churches and other cultural properties.<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a><a href="#cite_note-Reid_Heritage-149">[149]</a><a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a><a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a> Russian forces damaged or destroyed the <a href="/wiki/Kuindzhi_Art_Museum" title="Kuindzhi Art Museum">Kuindzhi Art Museum</a> in Mariupol, the Soviet-era <a href="/wiki/Shchors_cinema" class="mw-redirect" title="Shchors cinema">Shchors cinema</a> and a Gothic revival library in Chernihiv,<a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Babi_Yar_Holocaust_Memorial_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Babi Yar Holocaust Memorial Center">Babyn Yar Holocaust memorial complex</a> in Kyiv,<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> the Soviet-era <a href="/wiki/Slovo_Building" title="Slovo Building">Slovo building</a><a href="#cite_note-Reid_Heritage-149">[149]</a> and the regional state administration building in Kharkiv, a 19th-century wooden church in Viazivka, <a href="/wiki/Zhytomyr_Oblast" title="Zhytomyr Oblast">Zhytomyr Oblast</a>,<a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Ivankiv_Historical_and_Local_History_Museum" title="Ivankiv Historical and Local History Museum">Historical and Local History Museum in Ivankiv</a>.<a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a> On 24 June, <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> stated that at least 150 Ukrainian historical sites, religious buildings, and museums were confirmed to have sustained damage during the Russian invasion.<a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a> Cultural property enjoys special protection under international humanitarian law.<a href="#cite_note-biicl-157">[157]</a> Protocol I of the Geneva Convention and the <a href="/wiki/Hague_Convention_for_the_Protection_of_Cultural_Property_in_the_Event_of_Armed_Conflict" title="Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict">Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict</a> (both binding on Ukraine and Russia) prohibits state parties from targeting historic monuments in support of a military effort and from making them the objects of acts of hostility or reprisals.<a href="#cite_note-biicl-157">[157]</a> <a href="/wiki/Hague_Convention_for_the_Protection_of_Cultural_Property_in_the_Event_of_Armed_Conflict#Second_Protocol_to_the_Hague_Convention" title="Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict">Protocol II of the Hague Convention</a> allows attacks on a cultural property only in case of "imperative military necessity" provided that there is no feasible alternative. While Protocol II does not apply as such, as only Ukraine is a party and it applies only between parties,<a href="#cite_note-OSCE_13_April-158">[158]</a> the provision on imperative military necessity may be applicable if it is interpreted as informing the convention, rather than adding to it.<a href="#cite_note-biicl-157">[157]</a> Attacks against cultural heritage amount to war crimes and can be prosecuted before the <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court</a>.<a href="#cite_note-biicl-157">[157]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Torture_of_civilians">Torture of civilians</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Kherson_Oblast" title="Russian occupation of Kherson Oblast">Russian occupation of Kherson Oblast</a> and <a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Zaporizhzhia_Oblast" title="Russian occupation of Zaporizhzhia Oblast">Russian occupation of Zaporizhzhia Oblast</a></div> The International Criminal Court, based on the Geneva Convention, defines murder, cruel or degrading treatment and torture as a war crime.<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a> The United Nations Special Rapporteur on torture said in September 2023 that Russia's use of torture "is not random, aberrant behavior," but "orchestrated as part of state policy to intimidate, instill fear or punish to extract information and confessions".<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a> On 22 March the non-profit organization <a href="/wiki/Reporters_Without_Borders" title="Reporters Without Borders">Reporters Without Borders</a> reported that Russian forces had captured a Ukrainian fixer and interpreter for <a href="/wiki/Radio_France" title="Radio France">Radio France</a> on 5 March as he headed home to a village in <a href="/wiki/Central_Ukraine" title="Central Ukraine">Central Ukraine</a>. He was held captive for nine days and subjected to electric shocks, beatings with an iron bar and a mock execution.<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a><a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a><a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> On 25 March Reporters Without Borders stated that Russian forces had threatened, kidnapped, detained and tortured several Ukrainian journalists in the occupied territories.<a href="#cite_note-RSF_abduction-164">[164]</a><a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a> Torture is prohibited by both Article 32 of the Fourth Geneva Convention and Article 2 of the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Convention_against_Torture" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Convention against Torture">United Nations Convention against Torture</a>.<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> In April <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a> visited 17 villages in <a href="/wiki/Kyiv_Oblast" title="Kyiv Oblast">Kyiv Oblast</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chernihiv_Oblast" title="Chernihiv Oblast">Chernihiv Oblast</a> that had been under Russian occupation from late February through March 2022. The human rights organisation investigated 22 summary executions, 9 unlawful killings, 6 enforced disappearances, and 7 cases of torture. Witnesses reported that Russian soldiers beat detainees, used electric shocks, and carried out mock executions to coerce them to provide information.<a href="#cite_note-HRW_Kyiv_Chernihiv-168">[168]</a> Twenty-one civilians described unlawful confinement in inhuman and degrading conditions.<a href="#cite_note-HRW_Kyiv_Chernihiv-168">[168]</a> On 4 April, Dementiy Bilyi, head of the Kherson regional department of the Committee of Voters of Ukraine, said that the Russian security forces were "beating, torturing, and kidnapping" civilians in the <a href="/wiki/Kherson_Oblast" title="Kherson Oblast">Kherson Oblast</a> of Ukraine. He added that eyewitnesses had described "dozens" of arbitrary searches and detentions, resulting in an unknown amount of abducted persons.<a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a> At least 400 residents had gone missing by 16 March, with the mayor and deputy mayor of the town of <a href="/wiki/Skadovsk" title="Skadovsk">Skadovsk</a> being abducted by armed men.<a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a> A leaked letter described Russian plans to unleash a "great terror" to suppress protests occurring in Kherson, stating that people would "have to be taken from their homes in the middle of the night".<a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a> Russian soldiers were also accused of murders, tortures, and beatings of civilians in Borodianka during the withdrawal.<a href="#cite_note-172">[172]</a><a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a> Ukrainians who escaped from occupied Kherson into Ukrainian-controlled territory provided testimonies of torture, abuse and kidnapping by Russian forces in the region. One person from <a href="/wiki/Bilozerka" title="Bilozerka">Bilozerka</a> in Kherson Oblast provided physical evidence of having been tortured by Russians and described beatings, <a href="/wiki/Electrocution" title="Electrocution">electrocutions</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mock_execution" title="Mock execution">mock executions</a>, strangulations, threats to kill family members and other forms of torture.<a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a> An investigation by the BBC gathered evidence of torture, which in addition to beatings also included electrocution and burns on people's hands and feet. A doctor who treated victims of torture in the region reported: "Some of the worst were burn marks on genitals, a gunshot wound to the head of a girl who was raped, and burns from iron on a patient's back and stomach. The patient told me two wires from a car battery were attached to his groin and he was told to stand on a wet rag". In addition to the BBC, the Human Rights Watch UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine has reported on torture and "disappearances" carried out by Russian occupation forces in the region. One resident stated: "In Kherson, now people go missing all the time (...) there is a war going on, only this part is without bombs."<a href="#cite_note-175">[175]</a> Kherson's elected Ukrainian mayor has compiled a list of more than 300 people who had been kidnapped by Russian forces as of 15 May 2022. According to <a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a>, in the building housing the Russian occupation authorities, the screams of the tortured could be frequently heard throughout the corridors.<a href="#cite_note-176">[176]</a> On 22 July <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a> published a report documenting 42 cases of torture, unlawful detention and enforced disappearance of civilians in the Russian-occupied areas of Kherson and <a href="/wiki/Zaporizhzhia_Oblast" title="Zaporizhzhia Oblast">Zaporizhzhia</a> oblasts.<a href="#cite_note-HRW_South-177">[177]</a> Witnesses described torture through prolonged beatings and electric shocks causing injuries including broken bones, broken teeth, severe burns, concussions, cuts and bruises. They also described being kept blindfolded and handcuffed for the entire duration of the detention, and being released only after having signed statements or recorded videos in which they pledge to cooperate or urge others to cooperate with the Russian forces.<a href="#cite_note-HRW_South-177">[177]</a> Ukrainian officials estimated that at least 600 people had been forcibly disappeared in the Kherson Oblast since the Russian invasion.<a href="#cite_note-HRW_South-177">[177]</a> Teachers in Russian-occupied areas were forced by the military to teach in the <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian language</a> and were tortured for using <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a>.<a href="#cite_note-teach-178">[178]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Russian_torture_chambers">Russian torture chambers</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Russian_torture_chambers_in_Ukraine" title="Russian torture chambers in Ukraine">Russian torture chambers in Ukraine</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Summarize plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section should include only a brief summary of <a href="/wiki/Russian_torture_chambers_in_Ukraine" title="Russian torture chambers in Ukraine">Russian torture chambers in Ukraine</a>. See <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Summary_style" title="Wikipedia:Summary style">Wikipedia:Summary style</a> for information on how to properly incorporate it into this article's main text. (August 2023)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Kyiv_Oblast">Kyiv Oblast</h4></div> On 4 April, the Office of the Prosecutor General of Ukraine stated police in the Kyiv Oblast found a "torture chamber" in the basement of a children's sanatorium in Bucha. The basement contained the bodies of five men with hands tied behind their backs. The announcement was accompanied by several photos posted on Facebook.<a href="#cite_note-179">[179]</a><a href="#cite_note-180">[180]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sumy_Oblast">Sumy Oblast</h4></div> In mid-April 2022 <a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a> obtained two testimonies of survivors of a Russian torture chamber in Trostianets, Sumy Oblast. According to the witnesses, at least eight civilians were held in a basement of a train station, where they were tortured, starved, subject to <a href="/wiki/Mock_execution" title="Mock execution">mock executions</a>, forced to sit in their own excrement, electrocuted, stripped, and threatened with rape and genital mutilation. At least one prisoner was beaten to death by Russian guards who told the prisoners "All Ukrainians must die". Two were still missing at the time of the report. One prisoner was given electric shocks to his head until he begged the Russian soldiers to kill him. Numerous bodies, mutilated to the point where they were unrecognizable, were discovered by investigators in the area around the town.<a href="#cite_note-181">[181]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Kharkiv_Oblast_2">Kharkiv Oblast</h4></div> After the successful <a href="/wiki/2022_Kharkiv_counteroffensive" title="2022 Kharkiv counteroffensive">Kharkiv counteroffensive by Ukraine</a> which liberated a number of settlements and villages in the <a href="/wiki/Kharkiv_Oblast" title="Kharkiv Oblast">Kharkiv Oblast</a> from Russian occupation,<a href="#cite_note-182">[182]</a> authorities discovered torture chambers which had been used by Russian troops during their time in control of the area. In the town of <a href="/wiki/Balakliia" title="Balakliia">Balakliia</a>, which the Russians occupied for six months, forensics specialists, human rights activists, criminal law experts, and Ukrainian investigators found extensive evidence of war crimes and torture. During the Russian occupation, the troops used a two-story building named "BalDruk" (after a former publishing company which had an office there before the war) as a prison and a torture center. The Russians also used the police station building across the street for torture. Ukrainian officials say that around 40 people were held in the torture chambers during the occupation and subject to various forms of violence, including electrocution, beatings and mutilation.<a href="#cite_note-183">[183]</a><a href="#cite_note-184">[184]</a> Two torture chambers specifically for children were also found in the city, one of the kids who had been held there described being cut with a knife, burnt with heated metal and subjected to mock executions.<a href="#cite_note-185">[185]</a> Another Russian torture chamber was found in the liberated village of <a href="/wiki/Kozacha_Lopan" title="Kozacha Lopan">Kozacha Lopan</a>, located at the local railway station.<a href="#cite_note-Euronews-186">[186]</a><a href="#cite_note-NZ_Herald-187">[187]</a> Ukrainian President <a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelenskyy" title="Volodymyr Zelenskyy">Volodymyr Zelenskyy</a> stated that more than ten torture chambers, along with mass graves, had been discovered in the Kharkiv areas liberated by Ukrainian troops.<a href="#cite_note-Euronews-186">[186]</a><a href="#cite_note-188">[188]</a> Zelenskyy also said: "As the occupiers fled they also dropped the torture devices".<a href="#cite_note-NZ_Herald-187">[187]</a> Kharkiv Regional Prosecutor's Office stated that "Representatives of the Russian Federation created a pseudo-law enforcement agency, in the basement of which a torture chamber was set up, where civilians were subjected to inhumane torture."<a href="#cite_note-NZ_Herald-187">[187]</a> Ukrainian prosecutors have opened investigations into Russia's use of torture chambers.<a href="#cite_note-189">[189]</a> In Izium, journalists for the <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a> found ten torture sites. An investigation found that both Ukrainian civilians and POWs were "routinely" subject to torture. At least eight men were killed while under torture.<a href="#cite_note-iziumtorture-190">[190]</a><a href="#cite_note-191">[191]</a> Between late September and early October, <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a> interviewed over 100 residents of Izium. Almost all of them reported having family members or friends who had been tortured, and fifteen people said they had been tortured themselves; survivors described torture by administration of electric shocks, <a href="/wiki/Waterboarding" title="Waterboarding">waterboarding</a>, severe beatings, threats with firearms and being forced to hold <a href="/wiki/Stress_position" title="Stress position">stress positions</a> for long periods.<a href="#cite_note-192">[192]</a> Residents stated that the Russians targeted specific individuals and that they already had lists of those locals who were in the military, the families of military people, or the people who were veterans of the <a href="/wiki/War_in_Donbas" title="War in Donbas">war in Donbas</a>.<a href="#cite_note-193">[193]</a> They also said that in selecting victims they would terrorize the townspeople by publicly strip searching them.<a href="#cite_note-194">[194]</a> By October, no less than 10 torture sites had been identified in the town of approximately 46,000 inhabitants.<a href="#cite_note-iziumtorture-190">[190]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Zaporizhzhia_Oblast">Zaporizhzhia Oblast</h4></div> In July 2022, <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a> reported on torture chambers in the Russian-occupied <a href="/wiki/Zaporizhzhia_Oblast" title="Zaporizhzhia Oblast">Zaporizhzhia Oblast</a> based on the testimony of a 16-year-old boy who was held in one of them, beginning in April. The boy was arrested by Russian soldiers while trying to leave the occupied city of <a href="/wiki/Melitopol" title="Melitopol">Melitopol</a> because he had a video on his phone from social media, which featured Russian soldiers expressing defeatist attitudes towards Russia's invasion. He was held in a make shift prison in <a href="/wiki/Vasylivka" title="Vasylivka">Vasylivka</a>. According to his testimony, he saw rooms where torture took place, as well as bloodstains and soaked bandages, and heard the screams of the people being tortured. The torture involved electric shocks and beatings and could last for several hours.<a href="#cite_note-195">[195]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Kherson_Oblast">Kherson Oblast</h4></div> After the <a href="/wiki/Liberation_of_Kherson" title="Liberation of Kherson">liberation of Kherson</a> by Ukrainian forces from Russian occupation, Ukraine's human rights ombudsman Dmytro Lubinets said that investigators had discovered Russian torture chambers established especially for children. According to local testimony revealed by Lubinets, the children were denied food and given water only every other day, were told their parents had abandoned them and forced to clean up the blood resulting from torture in adjacent torture cells for adults.<a href="#cite_note-196">[196]</a><a href="#cite_note-reuters-197">[197]</a><a href="#cite_note-198">[198]</a> Lubinets reported that a total of ten torture chambers were discovered by Ukrainian investigators in Kherson Oblast, four of them in the city itself.<a href="#cite_note-reuters-197">[197]</a> A Russian makeshift prison that functioned as an <a href="/wiki/Federal_Security_Service" title="Federal Security Service">FSB</a> torture chamber was discovered in the city, Ukrainian authorities estimated the number of people who had been imprisoned there at some point to be in the thousands. Among other instruments of torture, FSB officials used electric shocks against the victims.<a href="#cite_note-199">[199]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Use_of_human_shields">Use of human shields</h2></div> The International Criminal Court classifies using civilians as a human shield as a grave violation of the Geneva Convention and thus a war crime.<a href="#cite_note-200">[200]</a> On 29 June, the <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Human_Rights" title="Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights">Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights</a> expressed concern about Russian armed forces and pro-Russian armed groups as well as Ukrainian forces taking up positions close to civilian objects without taking measures for protecting the civilians.<a href="#cite_note-Report_OHCHR-14">[14]</a>: para. 34  The human rights agency received reports of the use of <a href="/wiki/Human_shield" title="Human shield">human shields</a>, which involves the deliberate use of civilians to render certain military objectives immune from attack.<a href="#cite_note-Report_OHCHR-14">[14]</a>: para. 34  <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Russia">Russia</h3></div> <a href="/wiki/ABC_News_(Australia)" title="ABC News (Australia)">ABC News</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a> reported Russian soldiers using over 300 Ukrainian civilians as human shields in <a href="/wiki/Yahidne,_Chernihiv_Oblast" title="Yahidne, Chernihiv Oblast">Yahidne</a> from 3 to 31 March. Russian forces were using the village as a base to attack the nearby city of <a href="/wiki/Chernihiv" title="Chernihiv">Chernihiv</a> and had established a major military camp in the local school. For 28 days, 360 Ukrainian civilians, including 74 children and 5 persons with disabilities, were held captive in inhumane conditions in the basement of the school while the nearby areas were under attack by the Ukrainian forces.<a href="#cite_note-HRW_Endangering-201">[201]</a> The basement was overcrowded, with no toilet facilities, water and ventilation. Ten elderly people died as a consequence of the poor detention conditions. Witness accounts report cases of torture and killings.<a href="#cite_note-202">[202]</a><a href="#cite_note-203">[203]</a><a href="#cite_note-HRW_Kyiv_Chernihiv-168">[168]</a> According to the <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Human_Rights" title="Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights">OHCHR</a> what happened in the school of Yahidne suggests that the Russian armed forces were using civilians to render their base immune from military attacks while also subjecting them to inhuman and degrading treatment.<a href="#cite_note-Report_OHCHR-14">[14]</a>: para. 37  The <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a> found "clear evidence" of the use of Ukrainian civilians as human shields by Russian troops in the area near Kyiv after the Russian withdrawal on 1 April, citing eyewitness accounts from inhabitants of <a href="/wiki/Bucha,_Kyiv_Oblast" class="mw-redirect" title="Bucha, Kyiv Oblast">Bucha</a> and the nearby village of <a href="/wiki/Ivankiv" title="Ivankiv">Ivankiv</a>, and of residents of the village of Obukhovychi, near the <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarusian</a> border, Russian troops were accused of using civilians as human shields as they came under attack by Ukrainian soldiers. Multiple witnesses reported that, on 14 March, the Russian soldiers went door-to-door, rounded about 150 civilians and locked them up in the local school, where they were used as protection for the Russian forces.<a href="#cite_note-204">[204]</a><a href="#cite_note-205">[205]</a> United Nations <a href="/wiki/Committee_on_the_Rights_of_Persons_with_Disabilities" title="Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities">Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities</a> stated that it had received reports of disabled people being used as "human shields" by Russian armed forces.<a href="#cite_note-206">[206]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ukraine">Ukraine</h3></div> Since the beginning of the invasion,<a href="#cite_note-207">[207]</a> Russia has repeatedly accused Ukraine of using human shields, a claim which has been rejected by scholars <a href="/wiki/Michael_N._Schmitt" title="Michael N. Schmitt">Michael N. Schmitt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neve_Gordon" title="Neve Gordon">Neve Gordon</a>, and Nicola Perugini as an attempt to shift blame for civilian deaths to Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-Lieber_Human_Shields-208">[208]</a><a href="#cite_note-alj0304222-209">[209]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sexual_violence">Sexual violence</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sexual_violence_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Sexual violence in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Sexual violence in the Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine#War_crimes_and_violence_against_women" title="Women in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Women in the Russian invasion of Ukraine § War crimes and violence against women</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Summarize plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section should include only a brief summary of <a href="/wiki/Sexual_violence_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Sexual violence in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Sexual violence in the Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>. See <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Summary_style" title="Wikipedia:Summary style">Wikipedia:Summary style</a> for information on how to properly incorporate it into this article's main text. (August 2023)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> According to experts and Ukrainian officials, there are indications that sexual violence was tolerated by the Russian command and used in a systematic way as a weapon of war.<a href="#cite_note-210">[210]</a><a href="#cite_note-NPR_Rape-211">[211]</a> After the Russian withdrawal from areas north of Kyiv, there was "a mounting body of evidence" of rape, torture and summary killings by Russian forces inflicted upon Ukrainian civilians, including gang rapes committed at gunpoint and rapes committed in front of children.<a href="#cite_note-Guardian_Rape-212">[212]</a> In March 2022, the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Human_Rights_Monitoring_Mission_in_Ukraine" title="United Nations Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine">UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine</a> stressed the heightened risks of sexual violence and the risk of under-reporting by victims in the country.<a href="#cite_note-HRMMU_Report_March-41">[41]</a> At the beginning of June, the Monitoring Mission received reports of 124 episodes of conflict-related sexual violence committed against women, girls, men and boys in various Ukrainian cities and regions. The alleged perpetrators were from the ranks of Russian and pro-Russian separatist armed forces in 89 cases and from civilians or unidentified individuals in territory controlled by Russian armed forces in 2 cases.<a href="#cite_note-Report_OHCHR-14">[14]</a>: para. 96-102 <a href="#cite_note-213">[213]</a> In late March, Ukraine's Prosecutor General opened an investigation into a case of a Russian soldier who was accused of killing an unarmed civilian and then repeatedly raping the dead man's wife. The incident allegedly took place on 9 March in <a href="/wiki/Shevchenkove,_Brovary_Raion,_Kyiv_Oblast" title="Shevchenkove, Brovary Raion, Kyiv Oblast">Shevchenkove</a>, a village outside of Kyiv.<a href="#cite_note-214">[214]</a> The wife related that two Russian soldiers raped her repeatedly after killing her husband and the family's dog while her four-year-old son hid in the house's boiler room. The account was first published by <a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a> of London.<a href="#cite_note-215">[215]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYT_sexual_violence-216">[216]</a> Russian spokesperson <a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Peskov" title="Dmitry Peskov">Dmitry Peskov</a> dismissed the allegation as a lie.<a href="#cite_note-217">[217]</a> Ukrainian authorities have said that numerous reports of sexual assault and rape by Russian troops have emerged since the beginning of the invasion in February 2022.<a href="#cite_note-NYT_sexual_violence-216">[216]</a> Ukrainian MP <a href="/wiki/Maria_Mezentseva" title="Maria Mezentseva">Maria Mezentseva</a> said that these types of cases were underreported and that there are many other victims.<a href="#cite_note-218">[218]</a> <a href="/wiki/Meduza" title="Meduza">Meduza</a> published an in-depth account of the same case in Bogdanivka and of other events.<a href="#cite_note-219">[219]</a> In another reported incident, a Russian soldier entered a school in the village of <a href="/wiki/Mala_Rohan" title="Mala Rohan">Mala Rohan</a> where civilians were sheltering and raped a young Ukrainian woman. Human Rights Watch reported that the woman was threatened and repeatedly raped by a Russian soldier who cut her cheek, neck and hair.<a href="#cite_note-HRWCrimes4422-57">[57]</a> According to witness statements, the villagers informed Russian officers in charge of the occupation of the village of the incident, who arrested the perpetrator and told them that he would be summarily executed.<a href="#cite_note-220">[220]</a> Ukrainian Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Dmytro_Kuleba" title="Dmytro Kuleba">Dmytro Kuleba</a> stated that Russian soldiers had committed "numerous" rapes against Ukrainian women. According to the Sexual Violence in Armed Conflict database, sexual violence by Russian forces has been reported in three of seven years of conflict since 2014 in eastern Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-221">[221]</a> A report published by <a href="/wiki/The_Kyiv_Independent" title="The Kyiv Independent">The Kyiv Independent</a> included a photo and information about one man and two or three naked women under a blanket whose bodies Russian soldiers tried to burn on the side of a road before fleeing.<a href="#cite_note-KyivIndependent03April-222">[222]</a> Ukrainian officials said the <a href="/wiki/Wartime_sexual_violence" title="Wartime sexual violence">women had been raped</a> and the bodies burnt.<a href="#cite_note-accuses-223">[223]</a> Human Rights Watch received reports of other incidents of rape in Chernihiv Oblast and Mariupol.<a href="#cite_note-HRWCrimes4422-57">[57]</a> <a href="/wiki/ABC_News_(Australia)" title="ABC News (Australia)">ABC News</a> reported in April 2022 that "rapes, shootings and a senseless execution" have occurred in the village of Berestianka near Kyiv, noting a specific incident where a man was reportedly shot by Russian soldiers on 9 March after attempting to block them from raping his wife and a female friend.<a href="#cite_note-ABCBerestyanka-224">[224]</a> On 12 April 2022, <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a> interviewed a 50-year-old woman from a village 70 km west of Kyiv, who said that she was raped at gunpoint by a Chechen allied with the Russian Armed Forces. A 40-year-old woman was raped and killed by the same soldier, according to neighbours, leaving what BBC News described as a "disturbing crime scene". Police exhumed the 40-year-old's body the day after the visit by BBC News.<a href="#cite_note-BBC_RU_soldiers_raped_me-225">[225]</a> A report by The New York Times related that a Ukrainian woman was kidnapped by Russian soldiers, kept in a cellar as a sex slave and then executed.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-75">[75]</a> On 3 June, the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Special_Representative_on_Sexual_Violence_in_Conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict">United Nations Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pramila_Patten" title="Pramila Patten">Pramila Patten</a>, told the U.N. Security Council that dozens of violent sexual attacks against women and girls have been reported to the U.N. human rights office, and many more cases likely have not been reported. She also said the country is turning into "a human trafficking crisis."<a href="#cite_note-226">[226]</a> As of 5 July 2022, the UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine had verified 28 cases of conflict-related sexual violence, including rape, gang rape, torture, forced public stripping, and threats of sexual violence. OHCHR reported that 11 cases, including rape and gang rape, were committed by Russian armed forces and law enforcement.<a href="#cite_note-OHCHR_July-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-Report_OHCHR-14">[14]</a>: para. 96-102  In addition, due to the limited communication, especially with areas under <a href="/wiki/Russian-occupied_territories" title="Russian-occupied territories">Russian or separatist control</a> (such as Mariupol) and contested cities, a major barrier to verification of cases remain access, the exact number of sexual violence cases have been difficult to track or respond to in a timely manner.<a href="#cite_note-wapo1-227">[227]</a> Reports of sexual violence have been reported to Ukrainian and international authorities, law enforcement officials and media personnel as Russian troops have withdrawn.<a href="#cite_note-Guardian_Rape-212">[212]</a> A 52-year-old woman was taken by Russian soldiers in occupied Izium and repeatedly raped while her husband was beaten. She, along with her husband, was arrested on 1 July and was taken to a small shed which served as a torture room. The Russian soldiers put bags over their heads and threatened them, afterwards, they forcibly undressed her, groped her, and told her that they would send photos of the activity to her family members to humiliate her and them. The woman was then raped repeatedly by the commander of the unit for the next three days, while simultaneously the other Russian soldiers beat her husband in a nearby garage. The rapist would then describe the assault to the husband. She attempted suicide by hanging, but failed. Subsequently, the Russian soldiers tortured her with electric shocks and humiliated her. The Russian commander also obtained the woman's bank number and stole the funds out of her account. The woman and her husband were released on 10 July when they were dumped blindfolded by the Russians at a nearby gas station. They managed to escape to Ukrainian territory, and, after Izium was liberated in September, returned home.<a href="#cite_note-228">[228]</a> In late September 2022, a panel of investigators from the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on Ukraine released a statement which said that the commission has "documented cases in which children have been raped, tortured, and unlawfully confined" and labeled these as war crimes.<a href="#cite_note-229">[229]</a> The same report also referenced children being killed and injured by Russia's indiscriminate attacks as well as forced separation from family and kidnapping.<a href="#cite_note-nytimes.com-4">[4]</a> Doctors at a maternity clinic in <a href="/wiki/Poltava" title="Poltava">Poltava</a> reported cases of women who had been raped by Russian soldiers and then had window sealant injected into their sexual organs so that they could never have children.<a href="#cite_note-times-230">[230]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Looting">Looting</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kherson_museum_looted_by_Russian_forces_(05).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Kherson_museum_looted_by_Russian_forces_%2805%29.jpg/220px-Kherson_museum_looted_by_Russian_forces_%2805%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Kherson_museum_looted_by_Russian_forces_%2805%29.jpg/330px-Kherson_museum_looted_by_Russian_forces_%2805%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Kherson_museum_looted_by_Russian_forces_%2805%29.jpg/440px-Kherson_museum_looted_by_Russian_forces_%2805%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="853" /></a><figcaption>Kherson Local History Museum after being looted by Russian troops</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sacking_by_Russian_forces_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacking by Russian forces during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Sacking by Russian forces during the Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_theft_of_Ukrainian_grain" title="2022 Russian theft of Ukrainian grain">2022 Russian theft of Ukrainian grain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Art_theft_and_looting_by_Russia_during_the_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Art theft and looting by Russia during the invasion of Ukraine">Art theft and looting by Russia during the invasion of Ukraine</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_culture_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Ukrainian culture during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Ukrainian culture during the Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></div> <a href="/wiki/Looting" title="Looting">Looting</a> is a war crime under several treaties.<a href="#cite_note-231">[231]</a> Survivors of the <a href="/wiki/Bucha_massacre" title="Bucha massacre">Bucha massacre</a>, talking to <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a> (HRW) following the retreat of the Russian forces, described the treatment of people in the city during the occupation: Russian soldiers went door to door, questioning people and destroying their possessions. They also said that Russian soldiers looted the town, and took clothing, jewelry, electronics, kitchen appliances and vehicles of evacuees, the deceased, and those still in the city.<a href="#cite_note-232">[232]</a> <a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Journal">Wall Street Journal</a> journalist <a href="/wiki/Yaroslav_Trofimov" title="Yaroslav Trofimov">Yaroslav Trofimov</a> reported hearing of Russian soldiers looting food and valuables during his visit to southern Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-233">[233]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a> journalists visiting <a href="/wiki/Trostianets" title="Trostianets">Trostianets</a> after a month-long Russian occupation found evidence of "systematic looting".<a href="#cite_note-theguardian-2022-04-05-97">[97]</a> Similarly, villagers in Berestianka near Kyiv told <a href="/wiki/ABC_News_(Australia)" title="ABC News (Australia)">ABC News</a> that before the village returned to Ukrainian control, Russian soldiers looted clothes, household appliances and electronics from homes.<a href="#cite_note-ABCBerestyanka-224">[224]</a> Videos have been posted on Telegram, reportedly showing Russian soldiers sending stolen Ukrainian goods home through courier services in Belarus. Items visible in videos included air conditioning units, alcohol, car batteries, and bags from <a href="/wiki/Epicentr_K" title="Epicentr K">Epicentr K</a> stores.<a href="#cite_note-234">[234]</a> News aggregator Ukraine Alert posted video showing stolen goods found in an abandoned Russian armored personnel carrier, and an image reportedly showing a damaged Russian military truck carrying three washing machines. Intercepted telephone calls have also made mention of looting; a call by a Russian soldier released by the <a href="/wiki/Security_Service_of_Ukraine" title="Security Service of Ukraine">Security Service of Ukraine</a> included the soldier telling his girlfriend: "I stole some cosmetics for you" to which the girlfriend responded "What Russian person doesn't steal anything?"<a href="#cite_note-235">[235]</a> The Russian company <a href="/wiki/CDEK" title="CDEK">CDEK</a> postal service stopped live streaming its CCTV in early April. CDEK live-streams video from its delivery offices as a courtesy to customers to show them how busy the offices are, before customers visit the branches. This live stream was used by Lithuania-based exiled Belarusian dissident Anton Motolko as evidence of looting. Some of the items came from the <a href="/wiki/Chernobyl_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant">Chernobyl nuclear power plant</a> and were radioactive or <a href="/wiki/Radioactive_contamination" title="Radioactive contamination">contaminated with radioactivity</a>.<a href="#cite_note-236">[236]</a> There were reports of bazaars set up by Russian forces in Belarus to trade in looted goods, such items as "washing machines and dishwashers, refrigerators, jewelry, cars, bicycles, motorcycles, dishes, carpets, works of art, children's toys, cosmetics". Russian soldiers sought payment in euros and US dollars, however, and due to currency restrictions this was difficult for locals.<a href="#cite_note-237">[237]</a> Widespread claims of <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_cultural_heritage_during_the_2022_Russian_invasion#Damage" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian cultural heritage during the 2022 Russian invasion">looting and other damage by Russian troops to cultural institutions</a> were raised by Ukrainian officials with a majority of the accusations coming from the areas of Mariupol and <a href="/wiki/Melitopol" title="Melitopol">Melitopol</a>. Ukrainian officials claimed that Russian forces seized more than 2,000 artworks and <a href="/wiki/Scythian_art" class="mw-redirect" title="Scythian art">Scythian gold</a> from various museums and moved them into the Donbas region.<a href="#cite_note-238">[238]</a> Experts in Ukraine and elsewhere who track Russian looting and destruction of cultural heritage in Ukraine cite evidence that state-sponsored and systematic conducted by specialists began with the invasion of Crimea in 2014.<a href="#cite_note-239">[239]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Forced_conscription">Forced conscription</h2></div> At the end of February, Ukrainian civilians were reportedly forced to join the <a href="/wiki/Russian_separatist_forces_in_Donbas" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian separatist forces in Donbas">pro-Russian separatist forces</a> in the self-proclaimed <a href="/wiki/Luhansk_People%27s_Republic" title="Luhansk People's Republic">Luhansk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Donetsk_People%27s_Republic" title="Donetsk People's Republic">Donetsk people's republics</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Report_OHCHR-14">[14]</a>: para. 109–110  The <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Human_Rights" title="Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights">Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights</a> documented cases of people forcefully taken to assembly points where they were recruited and immediately sent to the front line. They were men working in the public sector, including schools, and also people stopped on the street by representatives of local "commissariats".<a href="#cite_note-Report_OHCHR-14">[14]</a>: para. 109–110  As recalled by the OHCHR, compelling civilians to serve in armed groups affiliated with a hostile power may constitute a serious breach of the laws and customs of international humanitarian law, and it constitutes a war crime under Article 8 of the <a href="/wiki/Rome_Statute" title="Rome Statute">Rome Statute</a> of the ICC. The OHCHR also expressed concern about the case of some forced conscripts who have been prosecuted by Ukrainian authorities notwithstanding their combatant immunity under the law of armed conflict.<a href="#cite_note-Report_OHCHR-14">[14]</a>: para. 109–110  <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mistreatment_of_prisoners_of_war">Mistreatment of prisoners of war</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Treatment_of_prisoners_of_war_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Treatment of prisoners of war in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Treatment of prisoners of war in the Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Casualties_of_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War#Prisoners_of_war" title="Casualties of the Russo-Ukrainian War">Casualties of the Russo-Ukrainian War § Prisoners of war</a></div> As of November 2022, the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Human_Rights_Monitoring_Mission_in_Ukraine" title="United Nations Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine">UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine</a> (HRMMU) conducted 159 interviews with prisoners of war held by the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Russian Armed Forces">Russian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Russian_people%27s_militias_in_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian people's militias in Ukraine">Russian-affiliated forces</a>, and 175 interviews with prisoners of war held by Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-HRMMU_Prisoners_of_war-240">[240]</a> The vast majority of Ukrainian prisoners reported that they had been held in dire conditions of internment and subjected to torture and ill-treatment, including beatings, threats, <a href="/wiki/Mock_execution" title="Mock execution">mock executions</a>, <a href="/wiki/Electrical_injury#Torture" title="Electrical injury">electric</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stress_position" title="Stress position">positional torture</a>. Several women prisoners were threatened with sexual violence and subjected to degrading treatments and enforced nudity. The UN agency also collected information about nine possible cases of death during the "<a href="/wiki/Russian_filtration_camps_for_Ukrainians" title="Russian filtration camps for Ukrainians">admission procedures</a>" to the internment camps.<a href="#cite_note-HRMMU_Prisoners_of_war-240">[240]</a> Russian prisoners of war made credible allegations of <a href="/wiki/Summary_execution" title="Summary execution">summary executions</a>, torture and ill-treatment by members of the Ukrainian forces. In several cases Russian prisoners were stabbed and subjected to electric torture.<a href="#cite_note-HRMMU_Prisoners_of_war-240">[240]</a> Ukraine launched criminal investigations into allegations of mistreatment of prisoners of war.<a href="#cite_note-HRMMU_Prisoners_of_war-240">[240]</a> In October 2024, following Russian marines from the <a href="/wiki/155th_Naval_Infantry_Brigade" class="mw-redirect" title="155th Naval Infantry Brigade">155th Naval Infantry Brigade</a> executing nine Ukrainian prisoners rather than taking them captive as dicated by international law, Ukrainian authorities said that Russian forces had executed more than 100 surrendering Ukrainians during the invasion, most of them in 2024. Forbes described the incident as ″the latest in an escalating campaign of terror by Russian troops″.<a href="#cite_note-m259-241">[241]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mistreatment_of_Ukrainian_POWs">Mistreatment of Ukrainian POWs</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Olenivka_prison_massacre" title="Olenivka prison massacre">Olenivka prison massacre</a></div> As of 31 July 2022, OHCHR said that of 35 interviewed, 27 Ukrainian prisoners of war had been tortured by Russian and pro-Russian armed forces or policemen. Victims reported being punched, kicked, beaten with police batons and wooden hammers, electrocuted, threatened with execution or sexual violence, and shot in the legs.<a href="#cite_note-HRMMU_Report_March-41">[41]</a> OHCHR had also received information about the deaths of two Ukrainian prisoners as a result of torture, one beaten and electrocuted on 9 May at the Melitopol airfield, the other beat to death at the Volnovakha penal colony near Olenivka, Donetsk Oblast, on 17 April.<a href="#cite_note-HRMMU_Report_March-41">[41]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Execution_of_surrendering_Ukrainian_soldiers">Execution of surrendering Ukrainian soldiers</h4></div> At an <a href="/wiki/Arria_formula_meeting" title="Arria formula meeting">Arria-formula meeting</a> of the UN Security Council, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Ambassador-at-Large_for_Global_Criminal_Justice" title="United States Ambassador-at-Large for Global Criminal Justice">US ambassador-at-large for global criminal justice</a> <a href="/wiki/Beth_Van_Schaack" title="Beth Van Schaack">Beth Van Schaack</a> said that US authorities have evidence that surrendering Ukrainian soldiers were executed by the Russian army in <a href="/wiki/Donetsk" title="Donetsk">Donetsk</a>.<a href="#cite_note-242">[242]</a> A Ukrainian soldier shown among prisoners in a Russian video on 20 April, was confirmed dead days later.<a href="#cite_note-243">[243]</a> Eyewitness accounts and a security camera video show that on 4 March Russian paratroopers executed at least eight Ukrainian prisoners of war in Bucha. The victims were local inhabitants joined the defense forces shortly before they were killed.<a href="#cite_note-:0-244">[244]</a> In 2024, Russian executions of Ukrainian prisoners was reported to be increasing in frequency, with at least 177 prisoners dying in Russian captivity since the beginning of the war. On 1 October, 16 prisoners of war were reportedly executed by Russia in Donetsk oblast following their surrender. On 10 October, nine more Ukrainian prisoners were reportedly shot by Russian soldiers in Kursk after being stripped down to their underwear and being forced to lay face down before being shot in their heads, with imagery from a drone seemingly confirming the mass execution.<a href="#cite_note-e056-245">[245]</a><a href="#cite_note-m314-246">[246]</a> On 23 January 2025, Ukraine's Prosecutor General's Office opened a criminal case against Russia for war crimes, it was opened following a video emerging showing Russian soldiers executing six unarmed Ukrainian prisoners of war in Donetsk Oblast.<a href="#cite_note-c175-247">[247]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Torture_and_castration_of_Ukrainian_prisoners">Torture and castration of Ukrainian prisoners</h4></div> In June 2023 <a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a> reported on two former Ukrainian soldiers who had been tortured by Russians while in captivity and castrated with a knife, before being freed in a prisoner of war swap. A psychologist who was treating the men reported that she had heard of many other similar cases from her colleagues.<a href="#cite_note-times-230">[230]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Illegal_trials_of_Ukrainian_prisoners">Illegal trials of Ukrainian prisoners</h4></div> Russia has prosecuted multiple Ukrainian prisoners for being members of the <a href="/wiki/Azov_Brigade" title="Azov Brigade">Azov Brigade</a>, which it considers a terrorist organisation. <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a> noted that as the defendants' alleged actions were not illegal in the time and place they were committed, such prosecutions violated the Third Geneva Convention on the Treatment of Prisoners of War, as they appeared to be retaliation against the prisoners for their participation in the defence of Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-248">[248]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Death_sentence_against_foreign_soldiers_serving_in_the_Ukrainian_armed_forces">Death sentence against foreign soldiers serving in the Ukrainian armed forces</h4></div> Following a trial by the Supreme Court of the Donetsk People's Republic, three foreign-born members of the Ukrainian armed forces, <a href="/wiki/Aiden_Aslin" title="Aiden Aslin">Aiden Aslin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shaun_Pinner" title="Shaun Pinner">Shaun Pinner</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Brahim_Saadoune" title="Brahim Saadoune">Brahim Saadoun</a> were declared <a href="/wiki/Mercenaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercenaries">mercenaries</a> and sentenced to <a href="/wiki/Execution_by_firing_squad" title="Execution by firing squad">execution by firing squad</a>.<a href="#cite_note-249">[249]</a> Aslin and Pinner, originally from England, had been serving in the Ukrainian military since 2018,<a href="#cite_note-250">[250]</a> while Saadoun had come in 2019 from Morocco to study in Kyiv,<a href="#cite_note-251">[251]</a> having enlisted in November 2021.<a href="#cite_note-252">[252]</a> The ruling was described as illegal because the defendants qualify as <a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war">prisoners of war</a> under the Geneva Conventions and have not been accused of committing any war crimes.<a href="#cite_note-253">[253]</a> On 10 June 2022 the <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Human_Rights" title="Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights">Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights</a> condemned the death sentences and the trial. A spokesperson of the organisation declared that "such trials against prisoners of war amount to a war crime",<a href="#cite_note-Death_sentence-254">[254]</a> and highlighted that according to the chief command of Ukraine, all the defendants were part of the Ukrainian armed forces and therefore should not have been considered mercenaries. The OHCHR spokesperson also expressed concern about procedural fairness, stating that "since 2015, we have observed that the so-called judiciary within these self-contained republics has not complied with essential fair trial guarantees, such as public hearings, independence, impartiality of the courts and the right not to be compelled to testify".<a href="#cite_note-Death_sentence-254">[254]</a> The <a href="/wiki/International_Bar_Association" title="International Bar Association">International Bar Association</a> issued a statement saying "that any implementation of the 'pronounced' death penalty will be an obvious case of plain murder of Aiden Aslin, Shaun Pinner and Brahim Saaudun and deemed an international war crime. Any perpetrators (anyone engaged in the so-called DPR 'court' and anyone who conspired to execute this decision) will be regarded as war criminals", also pointing out that neither Russian nor Ukrainian law allows the death penalty.<a href="#cite_note-255">[255]</a> On 12 June, Donetsk People's Republic leader <a href="/wiki/Denis_Pushilin" title="Denis Pushilin">Denis Pushilin</a> reiterated that the separatists did not see the trio as prisoners of war, but rather as people who came to Ukraine to kill civilians for money, adding that he saw no reason to modify or mitigate the sentences.<a href="#cite_note-256">[256]</a> Russian State Duma Chairman <a href="/wiki/Vyacheslav_Volodin" title="Vyacheslav Volodin">Vyacheslav Volodin</a> accused the trio of fascism, reiterating that they deserved the death penalty. He added that the Ukrainian armed forces were committing crimes against humanity and were being controlled by a neo-Nazi regime in Kyiv.<a href="#cite_note-257">[257]</a> On 17 June, the <a href="/wiki/European_Court_of_Human_Rights" title="European Court of Human Rights">European Court of Human Rights</a> issued an emergency stay of Saadoun Brahim's execution. It stressed that Russia was still obliged to follow the court's rulings.<a href="#cite_note-258">[258]</a><a href="#cite_note-259">[259]</a> Earlier in June, the Russian State Duma passed a law to end the jurisdiction of the court in Russia, but it had not yet been signed into law.<a href="#cite_note-260">[260]</a> On 8 July the DPR lifted a moratorium on the death penalty.<a href="#cite_note-261">[261]</a> On 21 September five British citizens held by <a href="/wiki/Russian_people%27s_militias_in_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian people's militias in Ukraine">pro-Russian separatists</a> were released, including those sentenced to death,<a href="#cite_note-262">[262]</a> and also the Moroccan citizen Saadoun Brahim was freed after a prisoner exchange between Ukraine and Russia.<a href="#cite_note-263">[263]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Execution_of_Oleksandr_Matsievskyi">Execution of Oleksandr Matsievskyi</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Execution_of_Oleksandr_Matsievskyi" title="Execution of Oleksandr Matsievskyi">Execution of Oleksandr Matsievskyi</a></div> In early March 2023 a video emerged showing the execution of an unarmed Ukrainian POW who is murdered after he says "Glory to Ukraine", while smoking a cigarette.<a href="#cite_note-yahoomarch-264">[264]</a> The Russian officer in charge of the prisoner (off camera) shouts "Die Bitch!" and fires multiple rounds from a machine gun into him. The President of Ukraine's office called the execution a "brutal murder".<a href="#cite_note-yahoomarch-264">[264]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Torture_of_captured_Ukrainian_soldiers">Torture of captured Ukrainian soldiers</h4></div> On 22 July 2022, <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a> documented the torture of three Ukrainian prisoners of war, members of the <a href="/wiki/Territorial_Defense_Forces_(Ukraine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Territorial Defense Forces (Ukraine)">Territorial Defense Forces</a>, and the death of two of them in the occupied areas of <a href="/wiki/Kherson_Oblast" title="Kherson Oblast">Kherson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zaporizhzhia_Oblast" title="Zaporizhzhia Oblast">Zaporizhzhia</a> oblasts.<a href="#cite_note-HRW_South-177">[177]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Castration_and_murder_of_a_Ukrainian_POW_in_Pryvillia">Castration and murder of a Ukrainian POW in Pryvillia</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Torture_and_castration_of_a_Ukrainian_POW_in_Pryvillia" title="Torture and castration of a Ukrainian POW in Pryvillia">Torture and castration of a Ukrainian POW in Pryvillia</a></div> On 28 July 2022, a video was posted on Russian social media which shows a Russian soldier castrating a Ukrainian prisoner of war, who is tied up and gagged, with a box cutter.<a href="#cite_note-265">[265]</a> On the next day, a continuation video was posted with possibly the same soldiers where they taped the POW's mouth with black tape, placed his head in front of his cut genitals, and shot him in the head. After that, the Russian soldiers started grabbing the POW's corpse with ropes connected to his legs.<a href="#cite_note-266">[266]</a><a href="#cite_note-267">[267]</a> On 5 August, the <a href="/wiki/Bellingcat" title="Bellingcat">Bellingcat</a> group reported that the videos were geolocated to the Pryvillia Sanatorium, located in <a href="/wiki/Pryvillia" title="Pryvillia">Pryvillia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luhansk_Oblast" title="Luhansk Oblast">Luhansk Oblast</a>, and interviewed the apparent perpetrator by telephone.<a href="#cite_note-Bell-268">[268]</a> A white car marked with a <a href="/wiki/Z_(military_symbol)" title="Z (military symbol)">Z</a> – a designation marking Russian military vehicles and a militarist symbol used in Russian propaganda – can also be seen in the video; the same car can also be seen in earlier, official videos released by Russian channels, of the Akhmat fighters at the Azot plant during the Russian capture of <a href="/wiki/Sievierodonetsk" title="Sievierodonetsk">Sieverodonetsk</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Bell-268">[268]</a> Pryvillia had been captured and occupied by Russians since early July.<a href="#cite_note-269">[269]</a> Bellingcat identified the soldiers involved, including the main perpetrator (an inhabitant of <a href="/wiki/Tuva" title="Tuva">Tuva</a>), who wore a distinctive wide brimmed black hat, as members of the Akhmat unit, a Chechen Kadyrovite paramilitary formation fighting for the Russians in the war in Ukraine. The investigation also indicated that the video contained no evidence of tampering or editing.<a href="#cite_note-Bell-268">[268]</a><a href="#cite_note-270">[270]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Beheading_and_mutilations">Beheading and mutilations</h4></div> In April 2023, two videos surfaced which appeared to show beheaded and mutilated Ukrainian soldiers.<a href="#cite_note-271">[271]</a> One video purportedly filmed by <a href="/wiki/Wagner_Group" title="Wagner Group">Wagner Group</a> mercenaries showed the bodies of two Ukrainian soldiers next to a destroyed military vehicle, their heads and hands missing, with a voice commenting in Russian in the background.<a href="#cite_note-272">[272]</a> The second video appeared to show Russian soldiers decapitating a Ukrainian prisoner of war using a knife. The U.N. Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine said that "Regrettably, this is not an isolated incident."<a href="#cite_note-273">[273]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mistreatment_of_Russian_POWs">Mistreatment of Russian POWs</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Torture_of_Russian_POWs_in_Mala_Rohan">Torture of Russian POWs in Mala Rohan</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Military_of_the_Russian_Federation_captured_during_the_Battle_of_Sumy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Military_of_the_Russian_Federation_captured_during_the_Battle_of_Sumy.jpg/220px-Military_of_the_Russian_Federation_captured_during_the_Battle_of_Sumy.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Military_of_the_Russian_Federation_captured_during_the_Battle_of_Sumy.jpg/330px-Military_of_the_Russian_Federation_captured_during_the_Battle_of_Sumy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Military_of_the_Russian_Federation_captured_during_the_Battle_of_Sumy.jpg/440px-Military_of_the_Russian_Federation_captured_during_the_Battle_of_Sumy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="540" /></a><figcaption>Captured Russian soldiers during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sumy" title="Battle of Sumy">Battle of Sumy</a>.</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Torture_of_Russian_soldiers_in_Mala_Rohan" title="Torture of Russian soldiers in Mala Rohan">Torture of Russian soldiers in Mala Rohan</a></div> According to a report by the <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Human_Rights" title="Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights">UN High Commissioner for Human Rights</a> (OHCHR), members of <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Ukraine" title="Armed Forces of Ukraine">Ukrainian armed forces</a> shot the legs of three captured Russian soldiers and tortured Russian soldiers who were wounded.<a href="#cite_note-Report_OHCHR-14">[14]</a>: para. 105  The incident is likely to have occurred on the evening of 25 March 2022 in <a href="/wiki/Mala_Rohan" title="Mala Rohan">Mala Rohan</a>, south-east of <a href="/wiki/Kharkiv" title="Kharkiv">Kharkiv</a>, in an area recently recaptured by Ukrainian troops,<a href="#cite_note-Le_Monde-274">[274]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC_POW_shot-275">[275]</a> and was first reported following the publication on social media accounts of a video of unknown authorship between 27 and 28 March.<a href="#cite_note-HRW-276">[276]</a> One of the video's versions depicts a number of soldiers lying on the ground; many appear to be bleeding from leg wounds. Three prisoners are brought out of a vehicle and shot in the leg by someone off-camera.<a href="#cite_note-Report_OHCHR-14">[14]</a>: para. 105  <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Alleged_execution_of_captured_Russian_soldiers">Alleged execution of captured Russian soldiers</h4></div> On 6 April 2022 a video allegedly showing Ukrainian troops of the <a href="/wiki/Georgian_Legion_(Ukraine)" title="Georgian Legion (Ukraine)">Georgian Legion</a> executing captured Russian soldiers was posted on Telegram.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-Russian-POW-15">[15]</a> The video was verified by <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> and by <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>.<a href="#cite_note-277">[277]</a><a href="#cite_note-Reuters_killing_POWS-278">[278]</a> A wounded Russian soldier was seemingly shot twice by a Ukrainian soldier while lying on the ground. Three dead Russian soldiers, including one with a head wound and hands tied behind his back, were shown near the soldier. The video appeared to have been filmed on a road north of the village of Dmytrivka, seven miles south of <a href="/wiki/Bucha,_Kyiv_Oblast" class="mw-redirect" title="Bucha, Kyiv Oblast">Bucha</a>.<a href="#cite_note-279">[279]</a> Ukrainian authorities promised an investigation.<a href="#cite_note-Grynszpan&Vincent-280">[280]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Disputed_surrender_of_Russian_soldiers_in_Makiivka">Disputed surrender of Russian soldiers in Makiivka</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Makiivka_surrender_incident" title="Makiivka surrender incident">Makiivka surrender incident</a></div> On 12 November 2022, a video appeared on pro-Ukrainian websites showing the bodies of soldiers in Russian uniforms lying on the ground in a farmyard in the <a href="/wiki/Makiivka" title="Makiivka">Makiivka</a> area.<a href="#cite_note-:02-281">[281]</a><a href="#cite_note-:12-282">[282]</a> On 17 November, more footage emerged, taken from the ground by a person at the scene. The video shows the Russian soldiers as they exit a building, surrender, and lay face down on the ground. Then another Russian soldier emerges from the same building and opens fire on the Ukrainian soldiers who are surprised.<a href="#cite_note-:02-281">[281]</a><a href="#cite_note-:12-282">[282]</a> An aerial video from the site documents the aftermath, with at least 12 bodies of Russian soldiers, most positioned as they were when they surrendered, bleeding from gunshot wounds to the head.<a href="#cite_note-:12-282">[282]</a><a href="#cite_note-283">[283]</a> The authenticity of the videos was verified by The New York Times.<a href="#cite_note-:12-282">[282]</a> Russia and Ukraine accused each other of war crimes, with Russia accusing Ukraine of "mercilessly shooting unarmed Russian P.O.W.s," and Ukraine accusing the Russians of opening fire while surrendering.<a href="#cite_note-:12-282">[282]</a><a href="#cite_note-:2-284">[284]</a> Ukraine's officials said the <a href="/wiki/Prosecutor_General_of_Ukraine" title="Prosecutor General of Ukraine">Prosecutor General</a>'s office would investigate the video footage as the incident may qualify as a crime of "<a href="/wiki/Perfidy" title="Perfidy">perfidy</a>" committed by the Russian troops in feigning surrender.<a href="#cite_note-:2-284">[284]</a><a href="#cite_note-285">[285]</a> On 25 November the <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Human_Rights" title="Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights">UN High Commissioner for Human Rights</a> <a href="/wiki/Volker_T%C3%BCrk" title="Volker Türk">Volker Türk</a> said "Our Monitoring Mission in Ukraine has conducted a preliminary analysis indicating that these disturbing videos are highly likely to be authentic in what they show" and called on the Ukrainian authorities to investigate the allegations of summary executions of Russian prisoners of war "in a manner that is – and is seen to be – independent, impartial, thorough, transparent, prompt and effective."<a href="#cite_note-286">[286]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Genocide">Genocide</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Allegations_of_genocide_of_Ukrainians_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Allegations of genocide of Ukrainians in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Allegations of genocide of Ukrainians in the Russian invasion of Ukraine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Accusations_of_genocide_in_Donbas" class="mw-redirect" title="Accusations of genocide in Donbas">Accusations of genocide in Donbas</a></div> Several national parliaments, including those of Ukraine,<a href="#cite_note-Interfax_UA_parliament_genocide-287">[287]</a> Canada, Poland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Czech Republic, and Ireland<a href="#cite_note-IR_parliament_genocide-288">[288]</a> declared that the invasion was <a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">genocide</a>. Genocide scholars like <a href="/wiki/Evgeny_Finkel" title="Evgeny Finkel">Eugene Finkel</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Indep_killings_UA_genocide-289">[289]</a><a href="#cite_note-WashPost_whats_happening_UA_genocide-290">[290]</a> <a href="/wiki/Timothy_D._Snyder" class="mw-redirect" title="Timothy D. Snyder">Timothy D. Snyder</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Snyder_Russias_genocide_handbook-291">[291]</a> <a href="/wiki/Norman_M._Naimark" class="mw-redirect" title="Norman M. Naimark">Norman M. Naimark</a><a href="#cite_note-292">[292]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gregory_Stanton" title="Gregory Stanton">Gregory Stanton</a>,<a href="#cite_note-BBC_Stanton_RU_genocidal_intent-293">[293]</a> and legal experts <a href="/wiki/Otto_Luchterhandt" title="Otto Luchterhandt">Otto Luchterhandt</a><a href="#cite_note-DW_Luchterhandt-294">[294]</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zakhar_Tropin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zakhar Tropin (page does not exist)">Zakhar Tropin</a><a href="#cite_note-WSJ_RU_forces_kill_civilians-295">[295]</a> said that the definition required certain acts<a href="#cite_note-OHCHR_genocide_convention_1948-296">[296]</a> and also <a href="/wiki/Genocidal_intent" title="Genocidal intent">genocidal intent</a>, to establish genocide. A report by 30 scholars concluded that Russia is guilty of inciting genocide in Ukraine by committing acts prohibited by the <a href="/wiki/Genocide_Convention" title="Genocide Convention">Genocide Convention</a>. The report further stated that a serious risk of more genocide exists, triggering an obligation for foreign parties to take action.<a href="#cite_note-297">[297]</a><a href="#cite_note-Onet_Sejm_called_it_genocide-298">[298]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Documenting_war_crimes">Documenting war crimes</h2></div> Under numerous treaties the <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court</a> investigates <a href="/wiki/War_crimes" class="mw-redirect" title="War crimes">war crimes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">genocide</a>. In 1949, the Geneva Conventions defined <a href="/wiki/War_crimes" class="mw-redirect" title="War crimes">war crimes</a>.<a href="#cite_note-299">[299]</a> In the late 20th century the <a href="/wiki/Rome_Statute" title="Rome Statute">Rome Statute</a> added additional war crimes applicable to <a href="/wiki/Civil_war" title="Civil war">civil war</a>.<a href="#cite_note-300">[300]</a> ICC prosecutors have issued warrants for Vladimir Putin and a Russian official responsible for adoptions in connection with the abduction of Ukrainian children into Russia. Investigators have submitted evidence of many breaches of the Geneva Convention in Russia's war in Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-301">[301]</a> Moscow has denied any involvement in war crimes, a response Vittorio Bufacchi of <a href="/wiki/University_College_Cork" title="University College Cork">University College Cork</a> says "has bordered on the farcical,"<a href="#cite_note-302">[302]</a> and its contention that the images coming out of Bucha were fabricated "a disingenuous response born by delusional hubris, post-truth on overdrive, (that) does not merit to be taken seriously." Even the usually fractured United States Senate came together to call Putin a war criminal.<a href="#cite_note-303">[303]</a> One of several efforts to document Russian war crimes concerns its repeated bombardment of markets and bread lines, destruction of basic infrastructure and attacks on exports and supply convoys, in a country where deliberate starvation of Ukrainians by Soviets the <a href="/wiki/Holodomor" title="Holodomor">Holodomor</a> still looms large in public memory.<a href="#cite_note-304">[304]</a> Forcible deportation of populations, such as took place in Mariuopol, is another area of focus, since "(f)orced deportations and transfers are defined both as war crimes under the <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Geneva_Convention" title="Fourth Geneva Convention">Fourth Geneva Convention</a> and Additional Protocol II and Article 8 of the Rome Statute—and as crimes against humanity—under Article 7 of the <a href="/wiki/Rome_Statute" title="Rome Statute">Rome Statute</a>. As both war crimes and <a href="/wiki/Crime_against_humanity" class="mw-redirect" title="Crime against humanity">crimes against humanity</a>, they have several mechanisms for individual accountability, the International Criminal Court and also, at the individual state level, under <a href="/wiki/Universal_jurisdiction" title="Universal jurisdiction">universal jurisdiction</a> and Magnitsky sanctions legislation.<a href="#cite_note-305">[305]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="National_legal_proceedings">National legal proceedings</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ukraine_2">Ukraine</h3></div> The <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Ukraine)" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (Ukraine)">Ukrainian foreign minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Dmytro_Kuleba" title="Dmytro Kuleba">Dmytro Kuleba</a> stated on 25 February that Russia was committing war crimes, and that the ministry and the <a href="/wiki/Prosecutor_General_of_Ukraine" title="Prosecutor General of Ukraine">Prosecutor General of Ukraine</a> were collecting evidence on events including attacks on kindergartens and orphanages, which would be "immediately transfer[red]" to the ICC.<a href="#cite_note-TheHill_UA_minister_decries-306">[306]</a> On 30 March, Ukraine's chief prosecutor announced that she was building 2,500 war crimes cases against the Russian invasion.<a href="#cite_note-Telegraph_2500_warcrimes_cases-307">[307]</a> On 13 May the first war crimes trial began in Kyiv, of a Russian soldier who was ordered to shoot an unarmed civilian.<a href="#cite_note-308">[308]</a> The soldier, <a href="/wiki/Trial_of_Vadim_Shishimarin" title="Trial of Vadim Shishimarin">Vadim Shishimarin</a>, soon pleaded guilty to this crime.<a href="#cite_note-309">[309]</a><a href="#cite_note-310">[310]</a> Shortly after Shishimarin pleaded guilty, two other low-ranked Russian soldiers, <a href="/wiki/Trial_of_Alexander_Bobikin_and_Alexander_Ivanov" title="Trial of Alexander Bobikin and Alexander Ivanov">Alexander Bobikin and Alexander Ivanov, were tried</a> on war crimes charges for firing missiles at a residential tower block in Kharkiv.<a href="#cite_note-311">[311]</a> They also pleaded guilty.<a href="#cite_note-312">[312]</a> Several international legal teams were formed to support the Ukrainian prosecutors.<a href="#cite_note-EC_statement_vdLeyen-313">[313]</a><a href="#cite_note-DoughtySt_gov_UA_announces-314">[314]</a><a href="#cite_note-USStateDept_ACA-315">[315]</a> <dl><dt>EU Joint Investigation Team</dt></dl> In the aftermath of the <a href="/wiki/Bucha_massacre" title="Bucha massacre">Bucha massacre</a>, the EU established a <a href="/wiki/Joint_investigation_team" title="Joint investigation team">Joint Investigation Team</a> (JIT) with Ukraine to investigate war crimes and crimes against humanity. Within the framework of the Joint Investigation Team, a pool of investigators and legal experts by <a href="/wiki/Eurojust" title="Eurojust">Eurojust</a> and <a href="/wiki/Europol" title="Europol">Europol</a> is made available for providing assistance to Ukrainian prosecutors.<a href="#cite_note-EC_statement_vdLeyen-313">[313]</a> On 6 April 2022, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Attorney General</a> <a href="/wiki/Merrick_Garland" title="Merrick Garland">Merrick Garland</a> announced that the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">U.S. Department of Justice</a> was assisting Eurojust and Europol prosecutors with their investigation, and that the Justice and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">State Departments</a> were also making efforts to support the Ukrainian prosecutor.<a href="#cite_note-316">[316]</a> In April 2023, the Eurojust JIT agreed to add the crime of genocide to their war crimes investigation in Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-:22-317">[317]</a><a href="#cite_note-318">[318]</a> <dl><dt>Task Force on Accountability for Crimes Committed in Ukraine</dt></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Task_Force_on_Accountability_for_Crimes_Committed_in_Ukraine" title="Task Force on Accountability for Crimes Committed in Ukraine">Task Force on Accountability for Crimes Committed in Ukraine</a></div> In late March 2022, the <a href="/wiki/Task_Force_on_Accountability_for_Crimes_Committed_in_Ukraine" title="Task Force on Accountability for Crimes Committed in Ukraine">Task Force on Accountability for Crimes Committed in Ukraine</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Pro_bono" title="Pro bono">pro bono</a> international group of lawyers, was created to help <a href="/wiki/Prosecutor_General_of_Ukraine" title="Prosecutor General of Ukraine">Ukrainian prosecutors</a> coordinate legal cases for war crimes and other crimes related to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-DoughtySt_gov_UA_announces-314">[314]</a><a href="#cite_note-Telegraph_2500_warcrimes_cases-307">[307]</a><a href="#cite_note-USStateDept_ACA-315">[315]</a> <dl><dt>Atrocity Crimes Advisory Group</dt></dl> On 25 May 2022, the EU, US, and the UK announced the creation of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Atrocity_Crimes_Advisory_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atrocity Crimes Advisory Group (page does not exist)">Atrocity Crimes Advisory Group</a> (ACA) to help coordinate their investigations and to support the War Crimes Units of the Office of the Prosecutor General of Ukraine (OPG).<a href="#cite_note-USStateDept_ACA-315">[315]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Russia_2">Russia</h3></div> As of February 2023, Russia claimed to have charged 680 Ukrainians with war crimes, including 118 soldiers and Defence Ministry officials.<a href="#cite_note-Russia's_first-319">[319]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Investigative_Committee_of_Russia" title="Investigative Committee of Russia">Investigative Committee of Russia</a> told <a href="/wiki/TASS" title="TASS">TASS</a> that it had opened over two thousand criminal cases since the start of the <a href="/wiki/Russo%E2%80%93Ukrainian_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Russo–Ukrainian War">Russo–Ukrainian War</a> in 2014, including for crimes committed during the invasion of Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-320">[320]</a> The first criminal case against a Ukrainian serviceman was that of <a href="/wiki/Anton_Cherednik" class="mw-redirect" title="Anton Cherednik">Anton Cherednik</a>, a Marine accused of murder, terrorism and cruel treatment of civilians.<a href="#cite_note-Russia's_first-319">[319]</a> Cherednik was sentenced to nineteen years' imprisonment in November 2023; at the time of his sentencing, cases were reportedly pending against 42 other Ukrainian prisoners.<a href="#cite_note-321">[321]</a> <dl><dt>Occupied territories</dt></dl> The <a href="/wiki/Kyiv_Post" title="Kyiv Post">Kyiv Post</a> reported in November 2023 that Russian-controlled courts in occupied areas of Ukraine had convicted multiple Ukrainian soldiers of war crimes.<a href="#cite_note-322">[322]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_countries">Other countries</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Universal_jurisdiction_investigations_of_war_crimes_in_Ukraine" title="Universal jurisdiction investigations of war crimes in Ukraine">Universal jurisdiction investigations of war crimes in Ukraine</a></div> Several states, including Estonia, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Poland, Slovakia, Spain, and Sweden, announced in March and April 2022 that they would conduct investigations of war crimes in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine under the <a href="/wiki/Universal_jurisdiction" title="Universal jurisdiction">universal jurisdiction</a> principle of international humanitarian law.<a href="#cite_note-FletcherSchool_war_crimes_Putin-323">[323]</a> On 5 December 2023, US Attorney-General <a href="/wiki/Merrick_Garland" title="Merrick Garland">Merrick B. Garland</a> announced war crime charges against four Russian-affiliated military personnel accused of the abduction and torture of an American citizen in Ukraine: Russian military commanders <a href="/w/index.php?title=Suren_Seiranovich_Mkrtchyan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suren Seiranovich Mkrtchyan (page does not exist)">Suren Seiranovich Mkrtchyan</a> and Dmitry Budnik and two lower-ranking officers identified as Valeri and Nazar (both last names unknown).<a href="#cite_note-324">[324]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_legal_proceedings">International legal proceedings</h2></div> International courts that have jurisdiction over cases originating from the Russian invasion of Ukraine include the <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court</a>, the <a href="/wiki/International_Court_of_Justice" title="International Court of Justice">International Court of Justice</a> and the <a href="/wiki/European_Court_of_Human_Rights" title="European Court of Human Rights">European Court of Human Rights</a>.<a href="#cite_note-325">[325]</a> Because of the backload of cases in Ukrainian courts, which as of June 2022 have more than 15,000 pending cases, and the number of international bodies and foreign countries cooperating in the investigations of war crimes in Ukraine, there were calls to create a special hybrid court to centralize domestic and international efforts.<a href="#cite_note-fpjune-326">[326]</a> In May, the idea of establishing a <a href="/wiki/Ad_hoc_international_criminal_tribunals" title="Ad hoc international criminal tribunals">special international tribunal</a> was formally endorsed by a group of members of the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a>.<a href="#cite_note-fpjune-326">[326]</a> The establishment of a special tribunal within the framework of the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> could be hampered by Russia's position as a <a href="/wiki/Permanent_members_of_the_United_Nations_Security_Council" title="Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council">permanent member of the Security Council</a> and by the difficulty of gathering the necessary two-thirds majority in the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="United Nations General Assembly">General Assembly</a>.<a href="#cite_note-fpjune-326">[326]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_Criminal_Court">International Criminal Court</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigation_in_Ukraine" title="International Criminal Court investigation in Ukraine">International Criminal Court investigation in Ukraine</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vladimir_Putin_in_Patriot_Park_(2018-09-19)_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Vladimir_Putin_in_Patriot_Park_%282018-09-19%29_02.jpg/220px-Vladimir_Putin_in_Patriot_Park_%282018-09-19%29_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Vladimir_Putin_in_Patriot_Park_%282018-09-19%29_02.jpg/330px-Vladimir_Putin_in_Patriot_Park_%282018-09-19%29_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Vladimir_Putin_in_Patriot_Park_%282018-09-19%29_02.jpg/440px-Vladimir_Putin_in_Patriot_Park_%282018-09-19%29_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1880" data-file-height="1160" /></a><figcaption>Arrest warrants for war crimes were issued by the <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigation_in_Ukraine" title="International Criminal Court investigation in Ukraine">ICC</a> against Russian President <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> (right)<a href="#cite_note-International_Criminal_Court_2023-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-327">[327]</a> and Russian Defense Minister <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Shoigu" title="Sergei Shoigu">Sergei Shoigu</a> (left).<a href="#cite_note-BBC_Shoigu_Gerasimov-328">[328]</a></figcaption></figure> On 25 February 2022, ICC Prosecutor <a href="/wiki/Karim_Ahmad_Khan" title="Karim Ahmad Khan">Karim Ahmad Khan</a> stated that the ICC could "exercise its jurisdiction and investigate any act of genocide, crime against humanity or war crime committed within Ukraine."<a href="#cite_note-ThomReut_ICC_may_investigate-329">[329]</a> Khan stated on 28 February that he would launch <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigations" title="International Criminal Court investigations">a full ICC investigation</a> and that he had requested his team to "explore all evidence preservation opportunities". He stated that it would be faster to officially open the investigation if an ICC member state referred the case for investigation. Lithuanian prime minister <a href="/wiki/Ingrida_Simonyte" class="mw-redirect" title="Ingrida Simonyte">Ingrida Simonyte</a> stated on the same day that Lithuania had requested that the ICC investigation be opened.<a href="#cite_note-Guardian_ICC_to_investigate-330">[330]</a> On 2 March 2022, 39 states had already referred the situation in Ukraine to the ICC Prosecutor, who could then open an investigation into past and present allegations of war crimes, crimes against humanity or genocide committed in Ukraine by any person from 21 November 2013 onwards.<a href="#cite_note-ICC_Khan_receipt_referral-331">[331]</a><a href="#cite_note-332">[332]</a> On 11 March two additional referrals were submitted to the ICC Prosecutor, and the Prosecutor declared that investigations would begin.<a href="#cite_note-ICC_additional_referrals2-333">[333]</a> The Prosecutor's office set up an online method for people with evidence to initiate contact with investigators,<a href="#cite_note-ICC_additional_referrals2-333">[333]</a> and a team of investigators, lawyers and other professionals was sent to Ukraine to begin collecting evidence.<a href="#cite_note-ThomReut_ICC_team_leaves_to_Ukraine2-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-ICC_additional_referrals2-333">[333]</a> Neither Ukraine nor Russia is party to the <a href="/wiki/Rome_Statute" title="Rome Statute">Rome Statute</a>, the legal basis of the ICC. The ICC has jurisdiction to investigate because Ukraine signed two declarations consenting to ICC jurisdiction over crimes committed in Ukraine from 21 November 2013 onwards.<a href="#cite_note-icc-cpi.int-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-334">[334]</a><a href="#cite_note-335">[335]</a> Articles 28(a) and 28(b) of the <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Rome_Statute_of_the_International_Criminal_Court" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court">Rome Statute</a> define the relation between command responsibility and superior responsibility of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_battle_for_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of battle for the Russian invasion of Ukraine">chain of command structures of the armed forces</a> involved.<a href="#cite_note-CILRAP_int_crim_law_command_responsibility-336">[336]</a> As of 10 June, the ICC investigation had dispatched more than 40 investigators, the largest effort ever in ICC history, and there are calls to create a special court or international tribunal to handle the casework.<a href="#cite_note-fpjune-326">[326]</a> In mid-June, according to the Dutch <a href="/wiki/General_Intelligence_and_Security_Service" title="General Intelligence and Security Service">General Intelligence and Security Service</a>, an alleged <a href="/wiki/GRU_(Russian_Federation)" title="GRU (Russian Federation)">GRU</a> officer, who was a student of prominent genocide professor <a href="/wiki/Evgeny_Finkel" title="Evgeny Finkel">Eugene Finkel</a>, attempted to gain entry into the Netherlands under an assumed identity. The purpose was to infiltrate the ICC via an internship, which would have given him to access and potentially influence the pending criminal war crimes case.<a href="#cite_note-337">[337]</a><a href="#cite_note-338">[338]</a> As of June 2024, the ICC has issued arrest warrants for six Russian suspects. President Putin and <a href="/wiki/Maria_Lvova-Belova" title="Maria Lvova-Belova">Maria Lvova-Belova</a> were indicted in March 2023 for their involvement in the abduction and deportation of Ukrainian children.<a href="#cite_note-International_Criminal_Court_2023-13">[13]</a> Russian military officials <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Sokolov_(naval_officer)" title="Viktor Sokolov (naval officer)">Viktor Sokolov</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sergey_Kobylash" title="Sergey Kobylash">Sergey Kobylash</a> were indicted in April 2024 for ordering missile strikes against civilian infrastructure.<a href="#cite_note-339">[339]</a> Defence Minister Sergei Shoigu and <a href="/wiki/Valery_Gerasimov" title="Valery Gerasimov">Valery Gerasimov</a> were indicted in June of the same year for similar reasons.<a href="#cite_note-BBC_Shoigu_Gerasimov-328">[328]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_Court_of_Justice">International Court of Justice</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Ukraine_v._Russian_Federation_(2022)" title="Ukraine v. Russian Federation (2022)">Ukraine v. Russian Federation (2022)</a></div> On 27 February, Ukraine filed a petition with the <a href="/wiki/International_Court_of_Justice" title="International Court of Justice">International Court of Justice</a> arguing that Russia violated the <a href="/wiki/Genocide_Convention" title="Genocide Convention">Genocide Convention</a> using an unsubstantiated accusation of genocide in order to justify its aggression against Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-340">[340]</a><a href="#cite_note-341">[341]</a> On 1 March, the ICJ officially called on Russia to "act in such a way" that would make it possible for a decision on provisional measures to become effective.<a href="#cite_note-ICJ_UAvsRU_request_provisional_measures-342">[342]</a> Initial hearings in the case took place on 7 March 2022 at <a href="/wiki/Peace_Palace" title="Peace Palace">Peace Palace</a> in <a href="/wiki/The_Hague" title="The Hague">The Hague</a>, <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>—the seat of the court—to determine Ukraine's entitlement to provisional relief.<a href="#cite_note-343">[343]</a> The Russian delegation did not appear for these proceedings,<a href="#cite_note-344">[344]</a> but submitted a written statement.<a href="#cite_note-345">[345]</a> On 16 March 2022, the court ruled 13–2 that Russia must "immediately suspend the military operations" it commenced on 24 February 2022 in Ukraine,<a href="#cite_note-ICJ-2022.3.16-346">[346]</a> with Vice-president <a href="/wiki/Kirill_Gevorgian" title="Kirill Gevorgian">Kirill Gevorgian</a> of Russia and Judge <a href="/wiki/Xue_Hanqin" title="Xue Hanqin">Xue Hanqin</a> of China dissenting.<a href="#cite_note-347">[347]</a> The court also unanimously called for "[b]oth Parties [to] refrain from any action which might aggravate or extend the dispute before the Court or make it more difficult to resolve.<a href="#cite_note-ICJ-2022.3.16-346">[346]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Proposed_specialised_court_for_the_crime_of_aggression">Proposed specialised court for the crime of aggression</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Special_international_tribunal_for_the_crime_of_aggression_(Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine)" title="Special international tribunal for the crime of aggression (Russian invasion of Ukraine)">Special international tribunal for the crime of aggression (Russian invasion of Ukraine)</a></div> The <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Europe" title="Council of Europe">Council of Europe</a> called for the establishment of an <a href="/wiki/International_criminal_tribunal" class="mw-redirect" title="International criminal tribunal">international criminal tribunal</a> to "investigate and prosecute the <a href="/wiki/Crime_of_aggression" title="Crime of aggression">crime of aggression</a>" committed by "the political and military leadership of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Federation">Russian Federation</a>."<a href="#cite_note-coe-348">[348]</a> Under the Council of Europe's proposal, the tribunal should be located in <a href="/wiki/Strasbourg" title="Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a>, "apply the definition of the crime of aggression" established in customary international law and "have the power to issue international arrest warrants and not be limited by State immunity or the immunity of heads of State and government and other State officials."<a href="#cite_note-coe-348">[348]</a> Similarly, other international bodies such as the <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a> and the <a href="/wiki/NATO_Parliamentary_Assembly" title="NATO Parliamentary Assembly">NATO Parliamentary Assembly</a>, and several governments, including the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ukraine" title="Government of Ukraine">Government of Ukraine</a>,<a href="#cite_note-349">[349]</a> supported the establishment of a specialised court to try the crime of aggression. In November 2022 the <a href="/wiki/NATO_Parliamentary_Assembly" title="NATO Parliamentary Assembly">NATO Parliamentary Assembly</a> designated the Russian Federation as a <a href="/wiki/Terrorist_organization" class="mw-redirect" title="Terrorist organization">terrorist organization</a> and called upon the international community to "take collective action towards the establishment of an international tribunal to prosecute the crime of aggression committed by Russia with its war against Ukraine."<a href="#cite_note-350">[350]</a><a href="#cite_note-351">[351]</a> In November 2022 the <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a> said that the European Union would work to establish a specialised court to investigate and prosecute Russia for the crime of aggression.<a href="#cite_note-352">[352]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_international_organisations">Other international organisations</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_Commission_of_Inquiry_on_Ukraine">International Commission of Inquiry on Ukraine</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Independent_International_Commission_of_Inquiry_on_Ukraine" title="Independent International Commission of Inquiry on Ukraine">Independent International Commission of Inquiry on Ukraine</a></div> On 4 March 2022, the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council" title="United Nations Human Rights Council">United Nations Human Rights Council</a> voted 32 to 3, with 13 abstentions to create the <a href="/wiki/Independent_International_Commission_of_Inquiry_on_Ukraine" title="Independent International Commission of Inquiry on Ukraine">Independent International Commission of Inquiry on Ukraine</a>, an independent international committee of three <a href="/wiki/Human_rights" title="Human rights">human rights</a> experts with a mandate to investigate violations of human rights and of <a href="/wiki/International_humanitarian_law" title="International humanitarian law">international humanitarian law</a> in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-Jurist_UNHRC_establishes-353">[353]</a><a href="#cite_note-UNHRC_establishes_commission_RU_aggression-354">[354]</a> On 23 September 2022, the Commission confirmed violations of human rights by Russian forces,<a href="#cite_note-hr-355">[355]</a> with instances of indiscriminate killing, sexual violence against children, and torture in dozens of locations in Ukraine. They said that explosive weapons with wide-area effects had caused immense harm and suffering to civilians in populated areas, and confirmed victims had been found with visible signs of execution. They documented cases of children raped, tortured, and unlawfully confined. Children were also killed and injured in indiscriminate attacks with explosive weapons.<a href="#cite_note-iciuupdate-356">[356]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="UN_Human_Rights_Monitoring_Mission_in_Ukraine">UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/UN_Human_Rights_Monitoring_Mission_in_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine">UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine</a></div> The <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Human_Rights_Monitoring_Mission_in_Ukraine" title="United Nations Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine">UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine</a> (HRMMU), whose monitoring of human rights violations by all parties in Ukraine started in 2014,<a href="#cite_note-Hromadske_UNHRMMU-357">[357]</a> continued its monitoring during the 2022 Russian invasion, retaining 60 monitors in Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-Guardian_RU_maybe_war_crimes-358">[358]</a> On 30 March 2022, HRMMU had recorded 24 "credible allegations" of Russian use of <a href="/wiki/Cluster_munition" title="Cluster munition">cluster munitions</a> and 77 incidents of damage to medical facilities during the invasion. <a href="/wiki/Michelle_Bachelet" title="Michelle Bachelet">Michelle Bachelet</a> stated, "The massive destruction of civilian objects and the high number of civilian casualties strongly indicate that the fundamental principles of <a href="/wiki/Distinction_(law)" title="Distinction (law)">distinction</a>, proportionality and precaution have not been sufficiently adhered to."<a href="#cite_note-Guardian_RU_maybe_war_crimes-358">[358]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Organization_for_Security_and_Co-operation_in_Europe">Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Mechanism#2020s" title="Moscow Mechanism">Moscow Mechanism § 2020s</a></div> In response to the <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Mechanism" title="Moscow Mechanism">Moscow Mechanism</a> being invoked on 3 March 2022, a three-person mission of experts was appointed within the rules of the mechanism. The mission's report, released by the <a href="/wiki/Organization_for_Security_and_Co-operation_in_Europe" title="Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe">OSCE</a> <a href="/wiki/Office_for_Democratic_Institutions_and_Human_Rights" title="Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights">Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights</a> (ODIHR) on 12 April 2022, stated that while a detailed assessment of most allegations had not been possible, the mission had found clear patterns of war crimes by the Russian forces.<a href="#cite_note-OSCE_13_April-158">[158]</a> According to the report, had the Russian army refrained from <a href="/wiki/Indiscriminate_attack" title="Indiscriminate attack">indiscriminate and disproportionate attacks</a>, the number of civilians casualties would have remained much lower and fewer houses, hospitals, schools and cultural properties would have been damaged or destroyed.<a href="#cite_note-OSCE_13_April-158">[158]</a> The report denounced the violation of international humanitarian law on military occupation and the violation of international human rights law (right to life, prohibition of torture and other inhuman and degrading treatment and punishment) mostly in the areas under the direct or indirect control of Russia.<a href="#cite_note-OSCE_13_April-158">[158]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_reactions">International reactions</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Government_and_intergovernmental_reactions_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Government and intergovernmental reactions to the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Government and intergovernmental reactions to the Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Putin,_the_Hague_is_waiting_for_you_banner_(52625526430).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/92/Putin%2C_the_Hague_is_waiting_for_you_banner_%2852625526430%29.jpg/220px-Putin%2C_the_Hague_is_waiting_for_you_banner_%2852625526430%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/92/Putin%2C_the_Hague_is_waiting_for_you_banner_%2852625526430%29.jpg/330px-Putin%2C_the_Hague_is_waiting_for_you_banner_%2852625526430%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/92/Putin%2C_the_Hague_is_waiting_for_you_banner_%2852625526430%29.jpg/440px-Putin%2C_the_Hague_is_waiting_for_you_banner_%2852625526430%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Banner raised by the <a href="/wiki/Vilnius" title="Vilnius">Vilnius</a> City Municipality.</figcaption></figure> During <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a> commentary in February 2022, British Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Boris_Johnson" title="Boris Johnson">Boris Johnson</a> stated that "anyone who sends a Russian into battle to kill innocent Ukrainians" could face charges. He remarked in addition, "Putin will stand condemned in the eyes of the world and of history."<a href="#cite_note-359">[359]</a> On 16 March, <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">U.S. President</a> <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> called Putin a war criminal. On 23 March, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">U.S. Secretary of State</a> <a href="/wiki/Antony_Blinken" title="Antony Blinken">Antony Blinken</a> announced that "based on information currently available, the US government assesses that members of Russia's forces have committed war crimes in Ukraine."<a href="#cite_note-360">[360]</a> A week later the US State Department issued a formal assessment that Russia has committed war crimes.<a href="#cite_note-361">[361]</a> On 12 April 2022, Biden described Russia's war crimes in Ukraine as constituting genocide.<a href="#cite_note-362">[362]</a> He added that Putin "is trying to wipe out the idea of being able to be Ukrainian".<a href="#cite_note-363">[363]</a> On 3 April 2022, French Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Jean-Yves_Le_Drian" title="Jean-Yves Le Drian">Jean-Yves Le Drian</a> described abuses by Russian forces in Ukrainian towns, particularly Bucha, as possible war crimes.<a href="#cite_note-364">[364]</a> On 7 April, French President <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a> said the killings in the Ukrainian town of Bucha were "very probably war crimes."<a href="#cite_note-365">[365]</a> The United Nations General Assembly voted on 7 April 2022 to suspend Russia from the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council" title="United Nations Human Rights Council">United Nations Human Rights Council</a> over "gross and systematic violations and abuses of human rights".<a href="#cite_note-Nichols-2022-04-07-10">[10]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Scale_of_justice_2.svg/27px-Scale_of_justice_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Scale_of_justice_2.svg/41px-Scale_of_justice_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Scale_of_justice_2.svg/55px-Scale_of_justice_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="204" data-file-height="208" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Crime" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Crime">Crime portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/31px-P_history.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/47px-P_history.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/62px-P_history.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:History" title="Portal:History">History portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/48px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/64px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Russia" title="Portal:Russia">Russia portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/32px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/48px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/64px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ukraine" title="Portal:Ukraine">Ukraine portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atrocity_crimes_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Atrocity crimes during the Russo-Ukrainian War">Atrocity crimes during the Russo-Ukrainian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casualties_of_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Casualties of the Russo-Ukrainian War">Casualties of the Russo-Ukrainian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disinformation_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine#Denial_of_Russian_war_crimes" title="Disinformation in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Disinformation in the Russian invasion of Ukraine#Denial of Russian war crimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_of_incendiary_weapons_in_the_Russo-Ukrainian_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Use of incendiary weapons in the Russo-Ukrainian war">Use of incendiary weapons in the Russo-Ukrainian war</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol 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Retrieved 4 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ukraine+war%3A+Ukraine+investigates+alleged+execution+of+civilians+by+Russians&rft.date=2022-04-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-60981228&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-thetimes2-72">^ <a href="#cite_ref-thetimes2_72-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-thetimes2_72-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCallaghan2022" class="citation news cs1">Callaghan, Louise (2 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/bodies-of-mutilated-children-among-horrors-the-russians-left-behind-5ddnkkwp2">"Bodies of mutilated children among horrors the Russians left behind"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20220404113203/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/bodies-of-mutilated-children-among-horrors-the-russians-left-behind-5ddnkkwp2">Archived</a> from the original on 4 April 2022. Retrieved 5 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Bodies+of+mutilated+children+among+horrors+the+Russians+left+behind&rft.date=2022-04-02&rft.aulast=Callaghan&rft.aufirst=Louise&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fbodies-of-mutilated-children-among-horrors-the-russians-left-behind-5ddnkkwp2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSachalko2022" class="citation news cs1">Sachalko, Borys (5 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rferl.org/a/ukraine-execution-cellar/31787326.html">"Inside An 'Execution Cellar' In Ukraine"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Radio_Free_Europe/Radio_Liberty" title="Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty">Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220407203455/https://www.rferl.org/a/ukraine-execution-cellar/31787326.html">Archived</a> from the original on 7 April 2022. Retrieved 5 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Inside+An+%27Execution+Cellar%27+In+Ukraine&rft.date=2022-04-05&rft.aulast=Sachalko&rft.aufirst=Borys&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rferl.org%2Fa%2Fukraine-execution-cellar%2F31787326.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-HRW30March-74">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HRW30March_74-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HRW30March_74-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2022/03/30/devastation-and-loss-bucha-ukraine">"Devastation and Loss in Bucha, Ukraine: Life for Civilians in a Town Encircled by Russian Forces"</a>. 30 March 2022 – via Human Rights Watch.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Devastation+and+Loss+in+Bucha%2C+Ukraine%3A+Life+for+Civilians+in+a+Town+Encircled+by+Russian+Forces&rft.date=2022-03-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fnews%2F2022%2F03%2F30%2Fdevastation-and-loss-bucha-ukraine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-75">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_75-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_75-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerehulakGall2022" class="citation web cs1">Berehulak, Daniel; Gall, Carlotta (11 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/04/11/world/europe/bucha-terror.html">"Bucha's Month of Terror"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220411144041/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/04/11/world/europe/bucha-terror.html">Archived</a> from the original on 11 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Bucha%27s+Month+of+Terror&rft.date=2022-04-11&rft.aulast=Berehulak&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.au=Gall%2C+Carlotta&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Finteractive%2F2022%2F04%2F11%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fbucha-terror.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStek" class="citation news cs1">Stek, Levko. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rferl.org/a/ukraine-bucha-killings-russia-/31785129.html">"Bucha Residents Describe 'Systematic' Killings By Russian Troops"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Radio_Free_Europe/Radio_Liberty" title="Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty">Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220404124245/http://www.rferl.org/a/ukraine-bucha-killings-russia-/31785129.html">Archived</a> from the original on 4 April 2022. Retrieved 5 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radio+Free+Europe%2FRadio+Liberty&rft.atitle=Bucha+Residents+Describe+%27Systematic%27+Killings+By+Russian+Troops&rft.aulast=Stek&rft.aufirst=Levko&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rferl.org%2Fa%2Fukraine-bucha-killings-russia-%2F31785129.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-vottak2022-77"><a href="#cite_ref-vottak2022_77-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpiridonov2022" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Spiridonov, Alik (3 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vot-tak.tv/novosti/03-04-2022-rasstrely-zhitelej-buchi/">""Стреляли либо в затылок, либо в сердце". Рассказ свидетеля казней жителей Бучи в оккупации"</a> ["They were either shot in the back of the head or in the heart". Eyewitness account of the execution of the inhabitants of Bucha during the occupation]. Vot-Tak.tv (in Russian). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220404094310/https://vot-tak.tv/novosti/03-04-2022-rasstrely-zhitelej-buchi/">Archived</a> from the original on 4 April 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vot-Tak.tv&rft.atitle=%22%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE+%D0%B2+%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%2C+%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE+%D0%B2+%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%86%D0%B5%22.+%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7+%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F+%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9+%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9+%D0%91%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B8+%D0%B2+%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft.date=2022-04-03&rft.aulast=Spiridonov&rft.aufirst=Alik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvot-tak.tv%2Fnovosti%2F03-04-2022-rasstrely-zhitelej-buchi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2022/04/04/bucha-survivor-one-man-tortured-cut-cheek-shot-heart/">"Bucha survivor: One man was tortured ... They cut out his cheek and shot him in the heart"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a>. 4 April 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220407202949/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2022/04/04/bucha-survivor-one-man-tortured-cut-cheek-shot-heart/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 April 2022. Retrieved 5 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Bucha+survivor%3A+One+man+was+tortured+...+They+cut+out+his+cheek+and+shot+him+in+the+heart&rft.date=2022-04-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fworld-news%2F2022%2F04%2F04%2Fbucha-survivor-one-man-tortured-cut-cheek-shot-heart%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-ABC03April-78"><a href="#cite_ref-ABC03April_78-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-04-04/ukraine-accuses-russia-of-massacre-city-strewn-with-bodies/100963106">"Ukraine authorities discover 410 bodies in Bucha, accusing Russia of war crimes and a massacre"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABC_News_(Australia)" title="ABC News (Australia)">ABC News</a>. 3 April 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220403230416/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-04-04/ukraine-accuses-russia-of-massacre-city-strewn-with-bodies/100963106">Archived</a> from the original on 3 April 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Ukraine+authorities+discover+410+bodies+in+Bucha%2C+accusing+Russia+of+war+crimes+and+a+massacre&rft.date=2022-04-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2022-04-04%2Fukraine-accuses-russia-of-massacre-city-strewn-with-bodies%2F100963106&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/associated-press-journalists-bucha-civilian-killings-bucha-1.6409330">"Associated Press journalists witness more evidence of civilian killings, torture in Bucha"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Canadian Broadcasting Corporation">CBC</a>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. 5 April 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220407202951/https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/associated-press-journalists-bucha-civilian-killings-bucha-1.6409330">Archived</a> from the original on 7 April 2022. Retrieved 6 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBC&rft.atitle=Associated+Press+journalists+witness+more+evidence+of+civilian+killings%2C+torture+in+Bucha&rft.date=2022-04-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fassociated-press-journalists-bucha-civilian-killings-bucha-1.6409330&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/04/06/bucha-barbarism-atrocities-russian-soldiers/">"In Bucha, the scope of Russian barbarity is coming into focus"</a>. 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Reuters. 14 December 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Russians+mistreated+Kherson+youngsters+in+%27children%27s+cell%2C%27+says+Ukraine+official&rft.date=2022-12-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Frussians-mistreated-kherson-youngsters-childrens-cell-says-ukraine-official-2022-12-14%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-198"><a href="#cite_ref-198">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kyivpost.com/post/5787">"Chamber Used by Russians to Torture Children Found in Kherson"</a>. 15 December 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chamber+Used+by+Russians+to+Torture+Children+Found+in+Kherson&rft.date=2022-12-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kyivpost.com%2Fpost%2F5787&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-199"><a href="#cite_ref-199">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/11/14/kherson-disappearances-detentions-torture-occupation/">"Witnesses recount detentions, torture, disappearances in occupied Kherson"</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/29/world/europe/russian-soldiers-sexual-violence-ukraine.html">the original</a> on 29 March 2022. 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Retrieved 19 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Meduza&rft.atitle=%27I+can+do+whatever+I+want+to+you%27+Russian+soldiers+raped+and+murdered+Ukrainian+civilians+in+the+village+of+Bogdanivka&rft.date=2022-04-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmeduza.io%2Fen%2Ffeature%2F2022%2F04%2F18%2Fi-can-do-whatever-i-want-to-you&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-220"><a href="#cite_ref-220">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSengupta2022" class="citation web cs1">Sengupta, Kim (31 March 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220331165310/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/ukraine-russia-mother-sexual-assault-b2048197.html">"Ukrainian mother 'raped by teenage Russian soldier' as she sheltered in school"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a>. 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Retrieved 1 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Ukrainian+mother+%27raped+by+teenage+Russian+soldier%27+as+she+sheltered+in+school&rft.date=2022-03-31&rft.aulast=Sengupta&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fukraine-russia-mother-sexual-assault-b2048197.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-221"><a href="#cite_ref-221">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHallsdóttir2022" class="citation news cs1">Hallsdóttir, Esther (31 March 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220324184802/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2022/03/24/russia-ukraine-military-sexual-violence-rape/">"Are Russian troops using sexual violence as a weapon? 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Retrieved 29 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Yahoo%21+News&rft.atitle=Horrifying+footage+appears+to+show+Russian+captors+castrating+a+Ukrainian+prisoner+of+war&rft.date=2022-07-28&rft.aulast=Weiss&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.au=Cavanagh%2C+Niamh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.yahoo.com%2Fhorrifying-footage-appears-to-show-russian-captors-castrating-a-ukrainian-prisoner-of-war-221414554.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-266"><a href="#cite_ref-266">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBulavin2022" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bulavin, Denis (29 July 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hromadske.ua/posts/rosiyani-poshirili-video-katuvannya-vijskovogo-v-ukrayinskij-formi-prokuratura-rozpochala-provadzhennya">"The Russians shared a video of the torture of a military man in Ukrainian uniform. The prosecutor's office started proceedings"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hromadske" title="Hromadske">Hromadske</a> (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 29 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hromadske&rft.atitle=The+Russians+shared+a+video+of+the+torture+of+a+military+man+in+Ukrainian+uniform.+The+prosecutor%27s+office+started+proceedings&rft.date=2022-07-29&rft.aulast=Bulavin&rft.aufirst=Denis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhromadske.ua%2Fposts%2Frosiyani-poshirili-video-katuvannya-vijskovogo-v-ukrayinskij-formi-prokuratura-rozpochala-provadzhennya&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-267"><a href="#cite_ref-267">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gp.gov.ua/ua/posts/video-z-katuvannyam-ukrayinskogo-viiskovopolonenogo-rozpocato-provadzennya">"Video with the torture of a Ukrainian prisoner of war – proceedings have been initiated"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Prosecutor_General_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of the Prosecutor General of Ukraine">Office of the Prosecutor General of Ukraine</a> (in Ukrainian). 29 July 2022. 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Ukraine. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220818071505/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/aug/06/footage-appears-show-head-ukrainian-pow-stuck-pole">Archived</a> from the original on 18 August 2022. Retrieved 17 August 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Footage+appears+to+show+fresh+atrocity+against+Ukrainian+PoW&rft.date=2022-08-06&rft.aulast=Harding&rft.aufirst=Luke&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2022%2Faug%2F06%2Ffootage-appears-show-head-ukrainian-pow-stuck-pole&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-270"><a href="#cite_ref-270">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theins.ru/politika/253767">"Дело в шляпе. Cадистом, истязавшим украинского военнопленного, оказался наемник из батальона 'Ахмат' Очур-Суге Монгуш"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Insider_(website)" title="The Insider (website)">The Insider</a> (in Russian). 5 August 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220812175101/https://theins.ru/politika/253767">Archived</a> from the original on 12 August 2022. 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BBC News. 30 March 2022. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/60907259">the original</a> on 31 March 2022. Retrieved 31 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Does+video+show+Russian+prisoners+being+shot%3F&rft.date=2022-03-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2F60907259&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-HRW-276"><a href="#cite_ref-HRW_276-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2022/03/31/ukraine-apparent-pow-abuse-would-be-war-crime">"Ukraine: Apparent POW Abuse Would Be War Crime"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a>. 2 April 2022. 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Le Monde.fr. 9 April 2022. Retrieved 18 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde.fr&rft.atitle=Ukraine%27s+military+accused+of+war+crimes+against+Russian+troops&rft.date=2022-04-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Fen%2Finternational%2Farticle%2F2022%2F04%2F09%2Fukraine-s-military-accused-of-war-crimes-against-russian-troop_5980121_4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHodgeEoinKennedy" class="citation news cs1">Hodge, Nathan; Eoin, McSweeney; Kennedy, Niamh. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2022/04/07/europe/ukraine-execution-russian-prisoner-intl/index.html">"Video appears to show execution of Russian prisoner by Ukrainian forces"</a>. CNN.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Video+appears+to+show+execution+of+Russian+prisoner+by+Ukrainian+forces&rft.aulast=Hodge&rft.aufirst=Nathan&rft.au=Eoin%2C+McSweeney&rft.au=Kennedy%2C+Niamh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2022%2F04%2F07%2Feurope%2Fukraine-execution-russian-prisoner-intl%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-:02-281">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:02_281-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_281-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-63676446">"Ukraine war: Were Russian soldiers shot after surrendering?"</a>. BBC News. 18 November 2022. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/20/world/europe/russian-soldiers-shot-ukraine.html">the original</a> on 20 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Videos+Suggest+Captive+Russian+Soldiers+Were+Killed+at+Close+Range&rft.date=2022-11-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2022%2F11%2F20%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Frussian-soldiers-shot-ukraine.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-283"><a href="#cite_ref-283">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/nov/18/russia-says-ukrainian-soldiers-executed-prisoners-of-war-in-donbas-region">"Russia says Ukrainian soldiers executed prisoners of war in Donbas region"</a>. 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Here's what we know"</a>. ABC News. 22 November 2022. 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Retrieved 22 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Meduza&rft.atitle=Ukrainian+AG%27s+office+investigates+Russian+POW+execution+video%2C+suspects+Makiivka+captives+of+feigning+surrender&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmeduza.io%2Fen%2Fnews%2F2022%2F11%2F22%2Fukrainian-ag-s-office-investigates-russian-pow-execution-video-suspects-makiivka-captives-of-feigning-surrender&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-286"><a href="#cite_ref-286">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2022/11/missile-strikes-ukraine-and-alleged-pow-executions-underscore-why">"Missile strikes on Ukraine and alleged POW executions underscore why international law must be respected - UN Human Rights Chief"</a>. <a href="/wiki/OHCHR" class="mw-redirect" title="OHCHR">OHCHR</a>. 25 November 2022. Retrieved 25 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OHCHR&rft.atitle=Missile+strikes+on+Ukraine+and+alleged+POW+executions+underscore+why+international+law+must+be+respected+-+UN+Human+Rights+Chief&rft.date=2022-11-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ohchr.org%2Fen%2Fpress-releases%2F2022%2F11%2Fmissile-strikes-ukraine-and-alleged-pow-executions-underscore-why&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Interfax_UA_parliament_genocide-287"><a href="#cite_ref-Interfax_UA_parliament_genocide_287-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/824182.html">"Rada recognizes Russian army's actions in Ukraine as genocide of Ukrainian people"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Interfax-Ukraine" title="Interfax-Ukraine">Interfax-Ukraine</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20220423154528/https://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/824182.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 April 2022. Retrieved 14 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interfax-Ukraine&rft.atitle=Rada+recognizes+Russian+army%27s+actions+in+Ukraine+as+genocide+of+Ukrainian+people&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.interfax.com.ua%2Fnews%2Fgeneral%2F824182.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-IR_parliament_genocide-288"><a href="#cite_ref-IR_parliament_genocide_288-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.oireachtas.ie/ie/oireachtas/parliamentaryBusiness/orderPaper/seanad/2022/2022-06-01_seanad-order-paper-wed_en.pdf">"Irish Parliament recognizes the acts carried out by the Russian military in Ukraine meet the criteria for genocide"</a> (PDF). Houses of the Oireachtas. 1 June 2022. Retrieved 24 September 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Houses+of+the+Oireachtas&rft.atitle=Irish+Parliament+recognizes+the+acts+carried+out+by+the+Russian+military+in+Ukraine+meet+the+criteria+for+genocide&rft.date=2022-06-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.oireachtas.ie%2Fie%2Foireachtas%2FparliamentaryBusiness%2ForderPaper%2Fseanad%2F2022%2F2022-06-01_seanad-order-paper-wed_en.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTreisman2022" class="citation news cs1">Treisman, Rachel (28 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2022/04/28/1095272683/canada-russia-genocide-ukraine">"Canada's House backs a motion recognizing Russia's actions in Ukraine as genocide"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Canada%27s+House+backs+a+motion+recognizing+Russia%27s+actions+in+Ukraine+as+genocide&rft.date=2022-04-28&rft.aulast=Treisman&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2022%2F04%2F28%2F1095272683%2Fcanada-russia-genocide-ukraine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFERR2022" class="citation news cs1">ERR (21 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.err.ee/1608571486/latvian-saeima-russia-committing-genocide-in-ukraine">"Latvian Saeima: Russia committing genocide in Ukraine"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Eesti_Rahvusringh%C3%A4%C3%A4ling" title="Eesti Rahvusringhääling">ERR</a>. Retrieved 21 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ERR&rft.atitle=Latvian+Saeima%3A+Russia+committing+genocide+in+Ukraine&rft.date=2022-04-21&rft.au=ERR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.err.ee%2F1608571486%2Flatvian-saeima-russia-committing-genocide-in-ukraine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFERR2022" class="citation news cs1">ERR (21 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.err.ee/1608571486/latvian-saeima-russia-committing-genocide-in-ukraine">"Latvian Saeima: Russia committing genocide in Ukraine"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Eesti_Rahvusringh%C3%A4%C3%A4ling" title="Eesti Rahvusringhääling">ERR</a>. Retrieved 21 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ERR&rft.atitle=Latvian+Saeima%3A+Russia+committing+genocide+in+Ukraine&rft.date=2022-04-21&rft.au=ERR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.err.ee%2F1608571486%2Flatvian-saeima-russia-committing-genocide-in-ukraine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/lithuanian-lawmakers-brand-russian-actions-ukraine-genocide-terrorism-2022-05-10/">"Lithuanian lawmakers brand Russian actions in Ukraine as 'genocide', 'terrorism'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. 10 May 2022. Retrieved 11 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Lithuanian+lawmakers+brand+Russian+actions+in+Ukraine+as+%27genocide%27%2C+%27terrorism%27&rft.date=2022-05-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Flithuanian-lawmakers-brand-russian-actions-ukraine-genocide-terrorism-2022-05-10%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eurointegration.com.ua/rus/news/2022/05/11/7139239/">"Czech Republic lawmakers brand Russian actions in Ukraine as genocide"</a>. Европейская Правда. 11 May 2022. 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Retrieved 12 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Killings+in+Ukraine+amount+to+genocide%2C+Holocaust+expert+says&rft.date=2022-04-05&rft.aulast=Buncombe&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fukraine-bucha-war-crimes-genocide-b2050897.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-WashPost_whats_happening_UA_genocide-290"><a href="#cite_ref-WashPost_whats_happening_UA_genocide_290-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFinkel2022" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Evgeny_Finkel" title="Evgeny Finkel">Finkel, Eugene</a> (5 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2022/04/05/russia-is-committing-genocide-in-ukraine">"Opinion: What's happening in Ukraine is genocide. Period"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20220412180205/https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2022/04/05/russia-is-committing-genocide-in-ukraine/">Archived</a> from the original on 12 April 2022. 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Retrieved 30 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Russia+may+be+committing+war+crimes+in+Ukraine%2C+UN+human+rights+chief+says&rft.date=2022-03-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2022%2Fmar%2F30%2Fun-human-rights-council-has-strong-indication-russia-committing-war-crimes-in-ukraine-says-top-official-michelle-bachelet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-359"><a href="#cite_ref-359">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeebodyCampbell2022" class="citation news cs1">Leebody, Christopher; Campbell, Niamh (24 February 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/world-news/ukraine-boris-johnson-announces-sanctions-on-russia-and-suggests-vladimir-putin-could-face-war-crimes-charges-41380222.html">"Ukraine: Boris Johnson announces sanctions on Russia and suggests Vladimir Putin could face war crimes charges"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Belfast_Telegraph" title="Belfast Telegraph">Belfast Telegraph</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Belfast+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Ukraine%3A+Boris+Johnson+announces+sanctions+on+Russia+and+suggests+Vladimir+Putin+could+face+war+crimes+charges&rft.date=2022-02-24&rft.aulast=Leebody&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.au=Campbell%2C+Niamh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.belfasttelegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-news%2Fukraine-boris-johnson-announces-sanctions-on-russia-and-suggests-vladimir-putin-could-face-war-crimes-charges-41380222.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-360"><a href="#cite_ref-360">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHansler2022" class="citation web cs1">Hansler, Jennifer (23 March 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2022/03/23/politics/us-russia-war-crimes/index.html">"US formally declares Russian military has committed war crimes in Ukraine"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. Retrieved 23 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=US+formally+declares+Russian+military+has+committed+war+crimes+in+Ukraine&rft.pub=CNN&rft.date=2022-03-23&rft.aulast=Hansler&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2022%2F03%2F23%2Fpolitics%2Fus-russia-war-crimes%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-361"><a href="#cite_ref-361">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSamuelsKelly2022" class="citation web cs1">Samuels, Brett; Kelly, Laura (23 March 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/599419-us-determines-russia-has-committed-war-crimes-in-ukraine/">"US determines Russia has committed war crimes in Ukraine"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hill&rft.atitle=US+determines+Russia+has+committed+war+crimes+in+Ukraine&rft.date=2022-03-23&rft.aulast=Samuels&rft.aufirst=Brett&rft.au=Kelly%2C+Laura&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthehill.com%2Fhomenews%2Fadministration%2F599419-us-determines-russia-has-committed-war-crimes-in-ukraine%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-362"><a href="#cite_ref-362">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/biden-putin-actions-genocide/">"Biden says Putin committing "genocide half a world away""</a>. <a href="/wiki/CBS_News" title="CBS News">CBS News</a>. 12 April 2022. Retrieved 12 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=Biden+says+Putin+committing+%22genocide+half+a+world+away%22&rft.date=2022-04-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fbiden-putin-actions-genocide%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-363"><a href="#cite_ref-363">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bidenwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefing-room/speeches-remarks/2022/04/12/remarks-by-president-biden-before-air-force-one-departure-13/">"Remarks by President Biden Before Air Force One Departure"</a>. The White House. 12 April 2022. Retrieved 13 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+White+House&rft.atitle=Remarks+by+President+Biden+Before+Air+Force+One+Departure&rft.date=2022-04-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbidenwhitehouse.archives.gov%2Fbriefing-room%2Fspeeches-remarks%2F2022%2F04%2F12%2Fremarks-by-president-biden-before-air-force-one-departure-13%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-364"><a href="#cite_ref-364">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rfi.fr/en/international/20220403-russia-must-answer-for-crimes-in-ukraine-says-france-s-macron-eu-atrocities-bucha">"Russia 'must answer for crimes' in Ukraine says French president"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Radio_France_Internationale" title="Radio France Internationale">Radio France Internationale</a>. 3 April 2022. Retrieved 7 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Russia+%27must+answer+for+crimes%27+in+Ukraine+says+French+president&rft.date=2022-04-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rfi.fr%2Fen%2Finternational%2F20220403-russia-must-answer-for-crimes-in-ukraine-says-france-s-macron-eu-atrocities-bucha&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-365"><a href="#cite_ref-365">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.yahoo.com/french-president-macron-says-killings-183946778.html">"French President Macron says killings in Bucha were 'very probably' war crimes"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Yahoo!_News" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahoo! News">Yahoo! News</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. 7 April 2022. Retrieved 30 August 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Yahoo%21+News&rft.atitle=French+President+Macron+says+killings+in+Bucha+were+%27very+probably%27+war+crimes&rft.date=2022-04-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.yahoo.com%2Ffrench-president-macron-says-killings-183946778.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClements-Hunt2022" class="citation web cs1">Clements-Hunt, Aaron (7 June 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newlinesinstitute.org/power-vacuums/russias-campaign-of-urbicide-in-ukraine/">"Russia's Campaign of Urbicide in Ukraine"</a>. New Lines Institute. Retrieved 12 August 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Lines+Institute&rft.atitle=Russia%27s+Campaign+of+Urbicide+in+Ukraine&rft.date=2022-06-07&rft.aulast=Clements-Hunt&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewlinesinstitute.org%2Fpower-vacuums%2Frussias-campaign-of-urbicide-in-ukraine%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style 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class="extiw" title="commons:Category:War crimes during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">War crimes during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gijn.org/2022/03/02/15-tips-for-investigating-war-crimes">Guide to investigating war crimes</a> at <a href="/wiki/Global_Investigative_Journalism_Network" title="Global Investigative Journalism Network">Global Investigative Journalism Network</a> by investigative journalist Manisha Ganguly</li> <li>Contact websites for those providing evidence <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://otppathway.icc-cpi.int/link/registerapplication?name=otpcontactpathway&lang=en_UK">Contact pathway of the Office of the Prosecutor</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220314145329/https://otppathway.icc-cpi.int/link/registerapplication?name=otpcontactpathway&lang=en_UK">Archived</a> 14 March 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> of the <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://warcrimes.gov.ua/en">Ukrainian government website</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220705140353/https://warcrimes.gov.ua/en/">Archived</a> 5 July 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> for collecting evidence on war crimes committed by Russian forces</li></ul></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ukraine.bellingcat.com/">Map of likely war crimes in Ukraine</a> by <a href="/wiki/Bellingcat" title="Bellingcat">Bellingcat</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/interactive/ap-russia-war-crimes-ukraine/">War Crimes Watch Ukraine</a>, a collaboration between the <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frontline_(American_TV_program)" title="Frontline (American TV program)">Frontline</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/documentary/putins-attack-on-ukraine-documenting-war-crimes/">"Putin's Attack on Ukraine: Documenting War Crimes"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Frontline_(American_TV_program)" title="Frontline (American TV program)">Frontline</a>. Season 40. Episode 14. 25 October 2022. <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a>. <a href="/wiki/WGBH-TV" title="WGBH-TV">WGBH</a>. Retrieved 28 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Frontline&rft.series=Season+40.+Episode+14&rft.date=2022-10-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fwgbh%2Ffrontline%2Fdocumentary%2Fputins-attack-on-ukraine-documenting-war-crimes%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/documentary/crime-scene-bucha/">"Crime Scene: Bucha"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Frontline_(American_TV_program)" title="Frontline (American TV program)">Frontline</a>. Season 40. Episode 17. 6 December 2022. <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a>. <a href="/wiki/WGBH-TV" title="WGBH-TV">WGBH</a>. Retrieved 28 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Frontline&rft.series=Season+40.+Episode+17&rft.date=2022-12-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fwgbh%2Ffrontline%2Fdocumentary%2Fcrime-scene-bucha%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+crimes+in+the+Russian+invasion+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/un-investigator-outlines-evidence-of-russian-war-crimes-in-liberated-areas-of-ukraine">UN investigator outlines evidence of Russian war crimes in liberated areas of Ukraine</a>, from <a href="/wiki/PBS_NewsHour" class="mw-redirect" title="PBS NewsHour">PBS NewsHour</a> (2022-09-28)</li> <li>Videos <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CwfyJGdFpSA">Video of drone flyover of apartment buildings being bombed in Mariupol. News.com.au, The News Room, 15 March 2022</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Z1kG24ndMS4">Video of tanks firing repeatedly on apartment buildings in Mariupol, civilians in hospital, woman crying for dead children. AP News, 12 March 2022</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.sky.com/story/ukraine-war-children-buried-under-rubble-after-russian-airstrike-hit-hospital-in-mariupol-president-zelenskyy-says-12561747">Video of aftermath, including injured pregnant woman being carried, after Russian airstrike on hospital in Mariupol, Ukraine. Sky News, 9 March 2022</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/video/at-least-52-dead-in-ukraine-train-station-attack/">CBS News video about pattern of rape by Russian soldiers against Ukrainian women during the invasion</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine181" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Template:Russian invasion of Ukraine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Template talk:Russian invasion of Ukraine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Russian invasion of Ukraine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine181" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Part of the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Overview4778" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Overview</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Outline of the Russo-Ukrainian War">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Timeline</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_prelude_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Timeline of the prelude to the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Prelude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(24_February_%E2%80%93_7_April_2022)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (24 February – 7 April 2022)">Feb – Apr 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(8_April_%E2%80%93_28_August_2022)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (8 April – 28 August 2022)">Apr – Aug 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(29_August_%E2%80%93_11_November_2022)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (29 August – 11 November 2022)">Aug – Nov 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(12_November_2022_%E2%80%93_7_June_2023)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (12 November 2022 – 7 June 2023)">Nov 2022 – Jun 2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(8_June_2023_%E2%80%93_31_August_2023)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (8 June 2023 – 31 August 2023)">Jun – Aug 2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(1_September_%E2%80%93_30_November_2023)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (1 September – 30 November 2023)">Sep – Nov 2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(1_December_2023_%E2%80%93_31_March_2024)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (1 December 2023 – 31 March 2024)">Dec 2023 – Mar 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(1_April_%E2%80%93_31_July_2024)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (1 April – 31 July 2024)">Apr – Jul 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(1_August_%E2%80%93_31_December_2024)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (1 August – 31 December 2024)">Aug – Dec 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(1_January_2025_%E2%80%93_present)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (1 January 2025 – present)">Jan 2025 – present</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aerial_warfare_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Aerial warfare in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Aerial warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_defense_lines_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian defense lines during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Defense lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_fighters_in_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Foreign fighters in the Russo-Ukrainian War">Foreign fighters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_information_war_against_Ukraine" title="Russian information war against Ukraine">Information war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_warfare_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Naval warfare in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Naval warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legality_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Legality of the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Legality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Russo-Ukrainian_War_detailed_map" title="Template:Russo-Ukrainian War detailed map">Map</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_order_of_battle" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine order of battle">Order of battle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_negotiations_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Peace negotiations in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Peace negotiations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%27s_Peace_Formula" title="Ukraine's Peace Formula">Ukraine's Peace Formula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%27s_Position_on_the_Political_Settlement_of_the_Ukrainian_Crisis" title="China's Position on the Political Settlement of the Ukrainian Crisis">China peace proposal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2024_Ukraine_peace_summit" title="June 2024 Ukraine peace summit">June 2024 peace summit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_no-fly_zone_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Proposed no-fly zone in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Proposed no-fly zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_lines_in_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Red lines in the Russo-Ukrainian War">Red lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reparations_from_Russia_after_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Reparations from Russia after the Russo-Ukrainian War">Reparations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_control_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Territorial control during the Russo-Ukrainian War">Territorial control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Women in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Prelude_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Prelude to the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Prelude</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reactions_to_the_2021%E2%80%932022_Russo-Ukrainian_crisis" title="Reactions to the 2021–2022 Russo-Ukrainian crisis">Reactions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disinformation_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Disinformation in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Disinformation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_bioweapons_conspiracy_theory" title="Ukraine bioweapons conspiracy theory">Ukraine bioweapons conspiracy theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction" title="Ukraine and weapons of mass destruction">Ukraine and weapons of mass destruction</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Russia%E2%80%93United_States_summit" title="2021 Russia–United States summit">2021 Russia–United States summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Black_Sea_incident" title="2021 Black Sea incident">2021 Black Sea incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarus%E2%80%93European_Union_border_crisis" title="Belarus–European Union border crisis">Belarus–European Union border crisis</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/On_the_Historical_Unity_of_Russians_and_Ukrainians" title="On the Historical Unity of Russians and Ukrainians">On the Historical Unity of Russians and Ukrainians</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimea_Platform" title="Crimea Platform">Crimea Platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zapad_2021" title="Zapad 2021">Zapad 2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2021_Russian_ultimatum_to_NATO" title="December 2021 Russian ultimatum to NATO">December 2021 ultimatum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Ukraine_cyberattacks" title="2022 Ukraine cyberattacks">2022 Ukraine cyberattacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zametil_2022" title="Zametil 2022">Zametil 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Resolve_2022" title="Union Resolve 2022">Union Resolve 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanytsia_Luhanska_kindergarten_bombing" title="Stanytsia Luhanska kindergarten bombing">Stanytsia Luhanska kindergarten bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British%E2%80%93Polish%E2%80%93Ukrainian_trilateral_pact" title="British–Polish–Ukrainian trilateral pact">British–Polish–Ukrainian trilateral pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_evacuation_of_the_Donetsk_People%27s_Republic_and_the_Luhansk_People%27s_Republic" title="2022 evacuation of the Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic">Evacuation of the Donetsk PR and Luhansk PR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_mobilization_in_the_Donetsk_People%27s_Republic_and_the_Luhansk_People%27s_Republic" title="2022 mobilization in the Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic">Mobilization in Donetsk PR and Luhansk PR</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Address_concerning_the_events_in_Ukraine" title="Address concerning the events in Ukraine">Address concerning the events in Ukraine</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/On_conducting_a_special_military_operation" title="On conducting a special military operation">On conducting a special military operation</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Background</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">Dissolution of the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_pro-Russian_unrest_in_Ukraine" title="2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine">2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">Annexation of Crimea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="International reactions to the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">reactions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Donbas" title="War in Donbas">War in Donbas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_war_in_Donbas_(2022)" title="Timeline of the war in Donbas (2022)">2022 timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minsk_agreements" title="Minsk agreements">Minsk agreements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_situation_during_the_war_in_Donbas" title="Humanitarian situation during the war in Donbas">humanitarian situation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_recognition_of_the_Donetsk_People%27s_Republic_and_the_Luhansk_People%27s_Republic" title="International recognition of the Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic">international recognition of the Donetsk PR and Luhansk PR</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putinism" title="Putinism">Putinism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foundations_of_Geopolitics" title="Foundations of Geopolitics">Foundations of Geopolitics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novorossiya" title="Novorossiya">Novorossiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruscism" title="Ruscism">Ruscism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_irredentism" title="Russian irredentism">Russian irredentism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_imperialism" title="Russian imperialism">Russian imperialism</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foreign relations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Russia–Ukraine relations">Russia–Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarus%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Belarus–Ukraine relations">Belarus–Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarus%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Belarus–Russia relations">Belarus–Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Russia–United States relations">Russia–United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Ukraine–United States relations">Ukraine–United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Russia–NATO relations">Russia–NATO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Ukraine–NATO relations">Ukraine–NATO</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enlargement_of_NATO" title="Enlargement of NATO">enlargement of NATO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Controversy_in_Russia_regarding_the_legitimacy_of_eastward_NATO_expansion" class="mw-redirect" title="Controversy in Russia regarding the legitimacy of eastward NATO expansion">eastward expansion controversy in Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO_open_door_policy" title="NATO open door policy">open door policy</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Military_engagements7617" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_engagements_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="List of military engagements during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Military engagements</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Ukraine_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Ukraine campaign">Southern Ukraine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Snake_Island_campaign" title="Snake Island campaign">Snake Island campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mariupol" title="Siege of Mariupol">Siege of Mariupol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kherson" title="Battle of Kherson">Battle of Kherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Melitopol" title="Capture of Melitopol">Capture of Melitopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mykolaiv" title="Battle of Mykolaiv">Battle of Mykolaiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Enerhodar" title="Battle of Enerhodar">Battle of Enerhodar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Voznesensk" title="Battle of Voznesensk">Battle of Voznesensk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Huliaipole" title="Battle of Huliaipole">Battle of Huliaipole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Davydiv_Brid" title="Battle of Davydiv Brid">Battle of Davydiv Brid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Kherson_counteroffensive" title="2022 Kherson counteroffensive">Kherson counteroffensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberation_of_Kherson" title="Liberation of Kherson">Liberation of Kherson</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dnieper_campaign_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Dnieper campaign (2022–present)">Dnieper campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Destruction_of_the_Kakhovka_Dam" title="Destruction of the Kakhovka Dam">Destruction of the Kakhovka Dam</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Ukraine_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Ukraine campaign">Eastern Ukraine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Volnovakha" title="Battle of Volnovakha">Battle of Volnovakha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kharkiv_(2022)" title="Battle of Kharkiv (2022)">Battle of Kharkiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Izium" title="Battle of Izium">Battle of Izium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rubizhne" title="Battle of Rubizhne">Battle of Rubizhne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Popasna" title="Battle of Popasna">Battle of Popasna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marinka_(2022%E2%80%932023)" title="Battle of Marinka (2022–2023)">Battle of Marinka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Donbas_(2022)" title="Battle of Donbas (2022)">Battle of Donbas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Siverskyi_Donets" title="Battle of the Siverskyi Donets">Battle of the Siverskyi Donets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sievierodonetsk_(2022)" title="Battle of Sievierodonetsk (2022)">Battle of Sievierodonetsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lysychansk" title="Battle of Lysychansk">Battle of Lysychansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pisky" title="Battle of Pisky">Battle of Pisky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bakhmut" title="Battle of Bakhmut">Battle of Bakhmut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Soledar" title="Battle of Soledar">Battle of Soledar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vuhledar" title="Battle of Vuhledar">Battle of Vuhledar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Kharkiv_counteroffensive" title="2022 Kharkiv counteroffensive">Kharkiv counteroffensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lyman_(September%E2%80%93October_2022)" title="Battle of Lyman (September–October 2022)">Battle of Lyman (September–October 2022)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luhansk_Oblast_campaign" title="Luhansk Oblast campaign">Luhansk Oblast campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Avdiivka_(2023%E2%80%932024)" title="Battle of Avdiivka (2023–2024)">Battle of Avdiivka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chasiv_Yar" title="Battle of Chasiv Yar">Battle of Chasiv Yar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Krasnohorivka" title="Battle of Krasnohorivka">Battle of Krasnohorivka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ocheretyne" title="Battle of Ocheretyne">Battle of Ocheretyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Toretsk" title="Battle of Toretsk">Battle of Toretsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pokrovsk_offensive" title="Pokrovsk offensive">Pokrovsk offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kurakhove" title="Battle of Kurakhove">Battle of Kurakhove</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ukraine_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Ukraine campaign">Northern Ukraine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Antonov_Airport" title="Battle of Antonov Airport">Battle of Antonov Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Chernobyl" title="Capture of Chernobyl">Capture of Chernobyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kyiv_(2022)" title="Battle of Kyiv (2022)">Battle of Kyiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hostomel" title="Battle of Hostomel">Battle of Hostomel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bucha" title="Battle of Bucha">Battle of Bucha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Irpin" title="Battle of Irpin">Battle of Irpin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Makariv" title="Battle of Makariv">Battle of Makariv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Kyiv_convoy" title="Russian Kyiv convoy">Russian Kyiv convoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Moshchun" title="Battle of Moshchun">Battle of Moshchun</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Destruction_of_the_Kozarovychi_Dam" title="Destruction of the Kozarovychi Dam">Destruction of the Kozarovychi Dam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Brovary" title="Battle of Brovary">Battle of Brovary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Slavutych" title="Battle of Slavutych">Battle of Slavutych</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sumy" title="Battle of Sumy">Battle of Sumy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Chernihiv" title="Siege of Chernihiv">Siege of Chernihiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_Ukraine%E2%80%93Russia_border_skirmishes" class="mw-redirect" title="Northeastern Ukraine–Russia border skirmishes">Northeastern border skirmishes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Attacks_in_Russia_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Attacks in Russia during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2023_Bryansk_Oblast_raid" title="2023 Bryansk Oblast raid">Bryansk Oblast raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kremlin_drone_attack" title="Kremlin drone attack">Kremlin drone attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/30_May_2023_Moscow_drone_strikes" title="30 May 2023 Moscow drone strikes">Moscow drone strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Belgorod_Oblast_incursions" title="2023 Belgorod Oblast incursions">2023 Belgorod Oblast incursions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/30_December_2023_Belgorod_shelling" title="30 December 2023 Belgorod shelling">30 December 2023 Belgorod shelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2024_Belgorod_missile_strike" title="February 2024 Belgorod missile strike">February 2024 Belgorod missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2024_Belgorod_missile_strike" class="mw-redirect" title="May 2024 Belgorod missile strike">May 2024 Belgorod missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2024_western_Russia_incursion" title="March 2024 western Russia incursion">March 2024 western Russia incursion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Kursk_offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 Kursk offensive">2024 Kursk offensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_occupation_of_Kursk_Oblast" title="Ukrainian occupation of Kursk Oblast">occupation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battles_for_Olgovskiy_Forest" title="Battles for Olgovskiy Forest">Battles for Olgovskiy Forest</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toropets_depot_explosions" title="Toropets depot explosions">Toropets depot explosions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Airstrikes by city</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chernihiv_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Chernihiv strikes (2022–present)">Chernihiv strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dnipro_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Dnipro strikes (2022–present)">Dnipro strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivano-Frankivsk_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Ivano-Frankivsk strikes (2022–present)">Ivano-Frankivsk strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharkiv_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Kharkiv strikes (2022–present)">Kharkiv strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kherson_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Kherson strikes (2022–present)">Kherson strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmelnytskyi_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Khmelnytskyi strikes (2022–present)">Khmelnytskyi strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kryvyi_Rih_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Kryvyi Rih strikes (2022–present)">Kryvyi Rih strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Kyiv strikes (2022–present)">Kyiv strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lviv_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Lviv strikes (2022–present)">Lviv strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykolaiv_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Mykolaiv strikes (2022–present)">Mykolaiv strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odesa_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Odesa strikes (2022–present)">Odesa strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivne_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Rivne strikes (2022–present)">Rivne strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinnytsia_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Vinnytsia strikes (2022–present)">Vinnytsia strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaporizhzhia_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Zaporizhzhia strikes (2022–present)">Zaporizhzhia strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhytomyr_attacks_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Zhytomyr attacks (2022–present)">Zhytomyr strikes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Airstrikes on military targets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chuhuiv_air_base_attack" title="Chuhuiv air base attack">Chuhuiv air base attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millerovo_air_base_attack" title="Millerovo air base attack">Millerovo air base attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Saky_air_base_attack" title="2022 Saky air base attack">Chornobaivka (Saky) attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7_March_2022_Mykolaiv_military_barracks_attack" title="7 March 2022 Mykolaiv military barracks attack">7 March 2022 Mykolaiv military barracks attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yavoriv_military_base_attack" title="Yavoriv military base attack">Yavoriv military base attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/18_March_2022_Mykolaiv_military_quarters_attack" title="18 March 2022 Mykolaiv military quarters attack">18 March 2022 Mykolaiv military quarters attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Berdiansk_port_attack" title="2022 Berdiansk port attack">Berdiansk port attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinking_of_the_Moskva" title="Sinking of the Moskva">Sinking of the Moskva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desna_barracks_airstrike" title="Desna barracks airstrike">Desna barracks airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_attack_on_Nova_Kakhovka" title="2022 attack on Nova Kakhovka">Attack on Nova Kakhovka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimea_attacks_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Crimea attacks (2022–present)">Crimea attacks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_Novofedorivka_explosions" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Novofedorivka explosions">Novofedorivka explosions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_drone_attack_on_the_Sevastopol_Naval_Base" title="2022 drone attack on the Sevastopol Naval Base">Drone attack on the Sevastopol Naval Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missile_strike_on_the_Black_Sea_Fleet_headquarters" title="Missile strike on the Black Sea Fleet headquarters">Missile strike on the Black Sea Fleet headquarters</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyagilevo_and_Engels_air_bases_attacks" title="Dyagilevo and Engels air bases attacks">Dyagilevo and Engels air bases attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makiivka_military_quarters_shelling" title="Makiivka military quarters shelling">Makiivka military quarters shelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machulishchy_air_base_attack" title="Machulishchy air base attack">Machulishchy air base attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zarichne_barracks_airstrike" title="Zarichne barracks airstrike">Zarichne barracks airstrike</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Resistance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_resistance_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian resistance during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian-occupied Ukraine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Resistance_of_Ukraine" title="Popular Resistance of Ukraine">Popular Resistance of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berdiansk_Partisan_Army" title="Berdiansk Partisan Army">Berdiansk Partisan Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_Ribbon_(movement)" title="Yellow Ribbon (movement)">Yellow Ribbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atesh" title="Atesh">Atesh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_and_Russian_partisan_movement_(2022%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Belarusian and Russian partisan movement (2022–present)">Belarus and Russia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Vladlen_Tatarsky" title="Assassination of Vladlen Tatarsky">Assassination of Vladlen Tatarsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civic_Council_(Armed_Forces_of_Ukraine)" title="Civic Council (Armed Forces of Ukraine)">Civic Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irpin_Declaration" title="Irpin Declaration">Irpin Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darya_Dugina#Killing" title="Darya Dugina">Killing of Darya Dugina</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Army_(Russia)" title="National Republican Army (Russia)">National Republican Army</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_military_commissariats_attacks" title="Russian military commissariats attacks">Military commissariats arsons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ust-Ilimsk_military_commissariat_shooting" title="Ust-Ilimsk military commissariat shooting">Ust-Ilimsk military commissariat shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Bridge_(Russia)" title="Black Bridge (Russia)">Black Bridge</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_war_in_Russia_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Rail war in Russia (2022–present)">Rail war in Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stop_the_Wagons" title="Stop the Wagons">Stop the Wagons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_Organization_of_Anarcho-Communists" title="Combat Organization of Anarcho-Communists">Combat Organization of Anarcho-Communists</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_war_in_Belarus_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Rail war in Belarus (2022–present)">Rail war in Belarus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Busly_liacia%C4%87" title="Busly liaciać">Busly liaciać</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BYPOL" title="BYPOL">BYPOL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Railway_Workers_of_Belarus" title="Community of Railway Workers of Belarus">Community of Railway Workers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyber_Partisans" title="Cyber Partisans">Cyber Partisans</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Russian occupations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flags_used_in_Russian-occupied_Ukraine" title="Flags used in Russian-occupied Ukraine">Flags used in Russian-occupied Ukraine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ongoing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_annexation_referendums_in_Russian-occupied_Ukraine" title="2022 annexation referendums in Russian-occupied Ukraine">Annexation referendums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_annexation_of_Donetsk,_Kherson,_Luhansk_and_Zaporizhzhia_oblasts" title="Russian annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts">Annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_elections_in_Russian-occupied_Ukraine" title="2023 elections in Russian-occupied Ukraine">Elections in Russian-occupied Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian-occupied_territories_of_Ukraine" title="Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine">Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Crimea" title="Russian occupation of Crimea">Autonomous Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donetsk_People%27s_Republic" title="Donetsk People's Republic">Donetsk Oblast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Kharkiv_Oblast" title="Russian occupation of Kharkiv Oblast">Kharkiv Oblast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Kherson_Oblast" title="Russian occupation of Kherson Oblast">Kherson Oblast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luhansk_People%27s_Republic" title="Luhansk People's Republic">Luhansk Oblast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Mykolaiv_Oblast" title="Russian occupation of Mykolaiv Oblast">Mykolaiv Oblast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Zaporizhzhia_Oblast" title="Russian occupation of Zaporizhzhia Oblast">Zaporizhzhia Oblast</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Previous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Chernihiv_Oblast" title="Russian occupation of Chernihiv Oblast">Chernihiv Oblast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Kyiv_Oblast" title="Russian occupation of Kyiv Oblast">Kyiv Oblast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snake_Island_campaign" title="Snake Island campaign">Odesa Oblast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Sumy_Oblast" title="Russian occupation of Sumy Oblast">Sumy Oblast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Zhytomyr_Oblast" title="Russian occupation of Zhytomyr Oblast">Zhytomyr Oblast</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Potentially related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2023_Black_Sea_drone_incident" title="2023 Black Sea drone incident">Black Sea drone incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_mystery_fires_(2022%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian mystery fires (2022–present)">Mystery fires in Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Nord_Stream_pipeline_sabotage" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Nord Stream pipeline sabotage">Nord Stream pipeline sabotage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Transnistria_attacks" title="2022 Transnistria attacks">Transnistria attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Zagreb_Tu-141_crash" title="2022 Zagreb Tu-141 crash">Zagreb Tu-141 crash</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_Crimean_Bridge_explosion" title="2022 Crimean Bridge explosion">2022 Crimean Bridge explosion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Crimean_Bridge_explosion" title="2023 Crimean Bridge explosion">2023 Crimean Bridge explosion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_attempts_on_Volodymyr_Zelenskyy" title="Assassination attempts on Volodymyr Zelenskyy">Assassination attempts on Volodymyr Zelenskyy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chernobyl_Nuclear_Power_Plant_drone_strike" title="Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant drone strike">Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant drone strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prelude_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine#2022_Ukrainian_coup_d'etat_attempt" title="Prelude to the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Coup d'état attempt in Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridges_in_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Bridges in the Russo-Ukrainian War">Bridges in the Russo-Ukrainian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon_drone" title="Dragon drone">Dragon drone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violations_of_non-combatant_airspaces_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Violations of non-combatant airspaces during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Violations of non-combatant airspaces</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_missile_explosion_in_Poland" title="2022 missile explosion in Poland">Missile explosion in Poland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Synytsia" title="Operation Synytsia">Operation Synytsia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_and_electronic_warfare" title="Ukraine and electronic warfare">Ukraine and electronic warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_of_long-range_weapons_by_Ukraine_in_Russia" title="Use of long-range weapons by Ukraine in Russia">Use of long-range weapons by Ukraine in Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Ukrainian_counteroffensive" title="2023 Ukrainian counteroffensive">2023 Ukrainian counteroffensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Ukrainian_cyberattacks_against_Russia" title="2024 Ukrainian cyberattacks against Russia">2024 Ukrainian cyberattacks against Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagner_Group_rebellion" title="Wagner Group rebellion">Wagner Group rebellion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="War_crimes4971" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">War crimes</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accusations_of_genocide_in_Donbas" class="mw-redirect" title="Accusations of genocide in Donbas">Accusations of genocide in Donbas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allegations_of_genocide_of_Ukrainians_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Allegations of genocide of Ukrainians in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Allegations of genocide of Ukrainians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Child_abductions_in_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Child abductions in the Russo-Ukrainian War">child abductions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_strikes_on_hospitals_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian strikes on hospitals during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Attacks on hospitals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_of_cluster_munitions_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Use of cluster munitions in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Cluster munitions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_of_incendiary_weapons_in_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Use of incendiary weapons in the Russo-Ukrainian War">Incendiary weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landmines_in_Ukraine" title="Landmines in Ukraine">Landmines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_filtration_camps_for_Ukrainians" title="Russian filtration camps for Ukrainians">Russian filtration camps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_usage_of_mobile_crematoriums_in_Ukraine" title="Russian usage of mobile crematoriums in Ukraine">Russian mobile crematoriums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_theft_of_Ukrainian_grain" title="2022 Russian theft of Ukrainian grain">Russian theft of Ukrainian grain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_torture_chambers_in_Ukraine" title="Russian torture chambers in Ukraine">Russian torture chambers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Looting_by_Russian_forces_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Looting by Russian forces during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Looting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_violence_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Sexual violence in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Sexual violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treatment_of_prisoners_of_war_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Treatment of prisoners of war in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Mistreatment of prisoners of war</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Attacks_on_civilians_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Attacks on civilians in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Attacks on civilians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/February_2022_Kharkiv_cluster_bombing" title="February 2022 Kharkiv cluster bombing">February 2022 Kharkiv cluster bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharkiv_government_building_airstrike" title="Kharkiv government building airstrike">Kharkiv government building airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3_March_2022_Chernihiv_bombing" title="3 March 2022 Chernihiv bombing">3 March Chernihiv bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irpin_refugee_column_shelling" title="Irpin refugee column shelling">Irpin refugee column shelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariupol_hospital_airstrike" title="Mariupol hospital airstrike">Mariupol hospital airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stara_Krasnianka_care_house_attack" title="Stara Krasnianka care house attack">Stara Krasnianka care house attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykolaiv_cluster_bombing" title="Mykolaiv cluster bombing">Mykolaiv cluster bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2022_Donetsk_attack" title="March 2022 Donetsk attack">March 2022 Donetsk attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Borodianka" title="Bombing of Borodianka">2022 Borodianka airstrikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/16_March_2022_Chernihiv_breadline_attack" title="16 March 2022 Chernihiv breadline attack">Chernihiv breadline attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariupol_theatre_airstrike" title="Mariupol theatre airstrike">Mariupol theatre airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv_shopping_centre_bombing" title="Kyiv shopping centre bombing">Kyiv shopping centre bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumykhimprom_ammonia_leak" title="Sumykhimprom ammonia leak">Sumykhimprom ammonia leak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2022_Kharkiv_cluster_bombing" title="March 2022 Kharkiv cluster bombing">March 2022 Kharkiv cluster bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykolaiv_government_building_missile_strike" title="Mykolaiv government building missile strike">Mykolaiv government building missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bucha_massacre" title="Bucha massacre">Bucha massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kramatorsk_railway_station_attack" title="Kramatorsk railway station attack">Kramatorsk railway station attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2022_Kharkiv_cluster_bombing" title="April 2022 Kharkiv cluster bombing">April 2022 Kharkiv cluster bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bilohorivka_school_bombing" title="Bilohorivka school bombing">Bilohorivka school bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting_of_Andrii_Bohomaz" title="Shooting of Andrii Bohomaz">Shooting of Andrii Bohomaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maisky_Market_attack" title="Maisky Market attack">Maisky Market attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kremenchuk_shopping_mall_attack" title="Kremenchuk shopping mall attack">Kremenchuk shopping mall attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serhiivka_missile_strike" title="Serhiivka missile strike">Serhiivka missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chasiv_Yar_missile_strike" class="mw-redirect" title="Chasiv Yar missile strike">Chasiv Yar missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olenivka_prison_massacre" title="Olenivka prison massacre">Olenivka prison massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharkiv_dormitories_missile_strike" title="Kharkiv dormitories missile strike">Kharkiv dormitories missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaplyne_railway_station_attack" title="Chaplyne railway station attack">Chaplyne railway station attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izium_mass_graves" title="Izium mass graves">Izium mass graves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2022_Donetsk_attack" title="September 2022 Donetsk attack">September 2022 Donetsk attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaporizhzhia_civilian_convoy_attack" title="Zaporizhzhia civilian convoy attack">Zaporizhzhia civilian convoy attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kupiansk_civilian_convoy_shelling" title="Kupiansk civilian convoy shelling">Kupiansk civilian convoy shelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Zaporizhzhia_residential_building_airstrike" title="2022 Zaporizhzhia residential building airstrike">Zaporizhzhia residential building airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_strikes_against_Ukrainian_infrastructure_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Russian strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure (2022–present)">Russian strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Dnipro_residential_building_airstrike" title="2023 Dnipro residential building airstrike">2023 Dnipro residential building airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2023_Sloviansk_airstrike" title="April 2023 Sloviansk airstrike">Sloviansk airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Uman_missile_strike" title="2023 Uman missile strike">Uman missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Kramatorsk_restaurant_missile_strike" title="2023 Kramatorsk restaurant missile strike">Kramatorsk restaurant missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyman_cluster_bombing" title="Lyman cluster bombing">Lyman cluster bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Pokrovsk_missile_strike" title="2023 Pokrovsk missile strike">2023 Pokrovsk missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_2023_Chernihiv_missile_strike" title="August 2023 Chernihiv missile strike">Chernihiv missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2023_Kostiantynivka_missile_strike" title="September 2023 Kostiantynivka missile strike">Kostiantynivka missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hroza_missile_attack" title="Hroza missile attack">Hroza missile attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volnovakha_massacre" title="Volnovakha massacre">Volnovakha massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/29_December_2023_Russian_strikes_on_Ukraine" title="29 December 2023 Russian strikes on Ukraine">December 2023 strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Pokrovsk_missile_strike" title="2024 Pokrovsk missile strike">2024 Pokrovsk missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Donetsk_attack" title="2024 Donetsk attack">2024 Donetsk attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Lysychansk_missile_strike" title="2024 Lysychansk missile strike">Lysychansk missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_March_2024_Odesa_strike" title="6 March 2024 Odesa strike">6 March 2024 Odesa strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/22_March_2024_Russian_strikes_on_Ukraine" title="22 March 2024 Russian strikes on Ukraine">March 2024 strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25_May_2024_Kharkiv_missile_strikes" title="25 May 2024 Kharkiv missile strikes">May 2024 Kharkiv strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv_children%27s_hospital_airstrike" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyiv children's hospital airstrike">8 July 2024 strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Kostiantynivka_supermarket_missile_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 Kostiantynivka supermarket missile attack">2024 Kostiantynivka supermarket missile attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/26_August_2024_Russian_strikes_on_Ukraine" title="26 August 2024 Russian strikes on Ukraine">26 August 2024 strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2024_Poltava_strike" title="September 2024 Poltava strike">September 2024 Poltava strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/17_November_2024_Russian_strikes_on_Ukraine" title="17 November 2024 Russian strikes on Ukraine">November 2024 strikes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Crimes against soldiers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Torture_of_Russian_soldiers_in_Mala_Rohan" title="Torture of Russian soldiers in Mala Rohan">Torture of Russian soldiers in Mala Rohan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torture_and_castration_of_a_Ukrainian_POW_in_Pryvillia" title="Torture and castration of a Ukrainian POW in Pryvillia">Torture and castration of a Ukrainian POW in Pryvillia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape_of_Donetsk_People%27s_Republic_soldiers_by_Kadyrovites" class="mw-redirect" title="Rape of Donetsk People's Republic soldiers by Kadyrovites">Rape of Donetsk People's Republic soldiers by Kadyrovites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Yevgeny_Nuzhin" title="Murder of Yevgeny Nuzhin">Murder of Yevgeny Nuzhin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makiivka_surrender_incident" title="Makiivka surrender incident">Makiivka surrender incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Execution_of_Oleksandr_Matsievskyi" title="Execution of Oleksandr Matsievskyi">Execution of Oleksandr Matsievskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Ukrainian_prisoner_of_war_beheading" title="2022 Ukrainian prisoner of war beheading">2022 Ukrainian prisoner of war beheading</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legal cases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigation_in_Ukraine" title="International Criminal Court investigation in Ukraine">ICC investigation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_arrest_warrants_for_Russian_figures" class="mw-redirect" title="International Criminal Court arrest warrants for Russian figures">Arrest warrants</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_v._Russian_Federation_(2022)" title="Ukraine v. Russian Federation (2022)">ICJ court case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Task_Force_on_Accountability_for_Crimes_Committed_in_Ukraine" title="Task Force on Accountability for Crimes Committed in Ukraine">Task Force on Accountability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_jurisdiction_investigations_of_war_crimes_in_Ukraine" title="Universal jurisdiction investigations of war crimes in Ukraine">Universal jurisdiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_international_tribunal_for_the_crime_of_aggression_(Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine)" title="Special international tribunal for the crime of aggression (Russian invasion of Ukraine)">Crime of aggression</a></li> <li>Criminal proceedings <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trial_of_Vadim_Shishimarin" title="Trial of Vadim Shishimarin">Vadim Shishimarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trial_of_Alexander_Bobikin_and_Alexander_Ivanov" title="Trial of Alexander Bobikin and Alexander Ivanov">Alexander Bobikin and Alexander Ivanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trial_of_Anton_Cherednik" title="Trial of Anton Cherednik">Anton Cherednik</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Reactions16724" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Reactions_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Reactions to the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Reactions</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Government_and_intergovernmental_reactions_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Government and intergovernmental reactions to the Russian invasion of Ukraine">States and official entities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_sanctions_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Sanctions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_and_organizations_sanctioned_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="List of people and organizations sanctioned during the Russo-Ukrainian War">people and organizations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restrictions_on_transit_to_Kaliningrad_Oblast" title="Restrictions on transit to Kaliningrad Oblast">restrictions on transit to Kaliningrad Oblast</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_aid_to_Ukraine_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="List of military aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War">Military aid</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Military_Assistance_Mission_in_support_of_Ukraine" title="European Union Military Assistance Mission in support of Ukraine">European Union Military Assistance Mission in support of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Bayraktar" title="People's Bayraktar">People's Bayraktar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Signmyrocket.com" title="Signmyrocket.com">Signmyrocket.com</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_humanitarian_aid_to_Ukraine_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="List of humanitarian aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War">Humanitarian aid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yachts_impacted_by_international_sanctions_following_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Yachts impacted by international sanctions following the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Sanctioned yachts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Russia_since_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Foreign relations of Russia since the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Relations with Russia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ukraine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Ukraine–NATO relations">Application to NATO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Be_Brave_Like_Ukraine" title="Be Brave Like Ukraine">Be Brave Like Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brave1" title="Brave1">Brave1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bring_Kids_Back_UA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bring Kids Back UA (page does not exist)">Bring Kids Back UA</a> [<a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bring_Kids_Back_UA" class="extiw" title="uk:Bring Kids Back UA">uk</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Ukraine_%22On_the_Protection_of_the_Constitutional_Order_in_the_Field_of_Activities_of_Religious_Organizations%22" title="Law of Ukraine "On the Protection of the Constitutional Order in the Field of Activities of Religious Organizations""> Ban on Russia-associated religious groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coordination_Headquarters_for_the_Treatment_of_Prisoners_of_War" title="Coordination Headquarters for the Treatment of Prisoners of War">Coordination Headquarters for the Treatment of Prisoners of War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_the_Condemnation_and_Prohibition_of_Propaganda_of_Russian_Imperial_Policy_in_Ukraine_and_the_Decolonization_of_Toponymy" title="On the Condemnation and Prohibition of Propaganda of Russian Imperial Policy in Ukraine and the Decolonization of Toponymy">Decolonization and derussification law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_(situational_awareness_system)" title="Delta (situational awareness system)">Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destroyed_Russian_military_equipment_exhibition" title="Destroyed Russian military equipment exhibition">Destroyed Russian military equipment exhibition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/For_Courage_and_Bravery_(Ukraine)" class="mw-redirect" title="For Courage and Bravery (Ukraine)">For Courage and Bravery (Ukraine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grain_From_Ukraine_program" title="Grain From Ukraine program">Grain From Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headquarters_of_the_Supreme_Commander-in-Chief" title="Headquarters of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief">Headquarters of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hero_City_of_Ukraine" title="Hero City of Ukraine">Hero City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I_Want_to_Live_(hotline)" title="I Want to Live (hotline)">I Want to Live</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Legion_(Ukraine)" title="International Legion (Ukraine)">International Legion</a> and other foreign units <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Volunteer_Corps" title="Belarusian Volunteer Corps">Belarusian Volunteer Corps</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terror_Battalion" title="Terror Battalion">Terror Battalion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Maple_Company" title="Black Maple Company">Black Maple Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian-Ukrainian_Brigade" title="Canadian-Ukrainian Brigade">Canadian-Ukrainian Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_Russia_Legion" title="Freedom of Russia Legion">Freedom of Russia Legion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Volunteer_Corps" title="German Volunteer Corps">German Volunteer Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karelian_National_Battalion" class="mw-redirect" title="Karelian National Battalion">Karelian National Battalion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kastu%C5%9B_Kalino%C5%ADski_Regiment" title="Kastuś Kalinoŭski Regiment">Kastuś Kalinoŭski Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Brigade" title="Norman Brigade">Norman Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahonia_Regiment" title="Pahonia Regiment">Pahonia Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Volunteer_Corps" title="Polish Volunteer Corps">Polish Volunteer Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Battlegroup_Getica" title="Romanian Battlegroup Getica">Romanian Battlegroup Getica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Volunteer_Corps" title="Russian Volunteer Corps">Russian Volunteer Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separate_Special_Purpose_Battalion" title="Separate Special Purpose Battalion">Separate Special Purpose Battalion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibir_Battalion" title="Sibir Battalion">Sibir Battalion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turan_Battalion" title="Turan Battalion">Turan Battalion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Sponsors_of_War" title="International Sponsors of War">International Sponsors of War</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_on_forced_confiscation_of_Russian_property_in_Ukraine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law on forced confiscation of Russian property in Ukraine (page does not exist)">Forced confiscation law of Russian property</a> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%A4" class="extiw" title="ru:Украинский закон о принудительном изъятии имущества резидентов РФ">ru</a>; <a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%A4" class="extiw" title="uk:Український закон про примусове вилучення майна резидентів РФ">uk</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Look_for_Your_Own" title="Look for Your Own">Look for Your Own</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lukoil_oil_transit_dispute" title="Lukoil oil transit dispute">Lukoil sanctions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_law_in_Ukraine#2022_martial_law" title="Martial law in Ukraine">Martial law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobilization_in_Ukraine#2022" title="Mobilization in Ukraine">Mobilization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_Center_Ukraine" title="Media Center Ukraine">Media Center Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Council_for_the_Recovery_of_Ukraine_from_the_War&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Council for the Recovery of Ukraine from the War (page does not exist)">National Council for the Recovery of Ukraine from the War</a> [<a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%B7_%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B8" class="extiw" title="uk:Національна рада з відновлення України від наслідків війни">uk</a>]</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Multi-Subject_Test&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Multi-Subject Test (page does not exist)">National Multi-Subject Test</a> [<a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82" class="extiw" title="uk:Національний мультипредметний тест">uk</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="North Korea–Ukraine relations">North Korea–Ukraine relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Points_of_Invincibility" title="Points of Invincibility">Points of Invincibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_recognition_of_the_Chechen_Republic_of_Ichkeria" title="Ukrainian recognition of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria">Recognition of Ichkeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rescuer_City" title="Rescuer City">Rescuer City</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Save_Ukrainian_Culture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Save Ukrainian Culture (page does not exist)">Save Ukrainian Culture</a> [<a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8C_%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83" class="extiw" title="uk:Збережіть українську культуру">uk</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Syria–Ukraine relations">Syria–Ukraine relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Freedom_Orchestra" title="Ukrainian Freedom Orchestra">Ukrainian Freedom Orchestra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United24" title="United24">United24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_News_(telethon)" title="United News (telethon)">United News</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Russia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>highways in the annexed territories <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A290_highway_(Russia)" title="A290 highway (Russia)">A290</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tavrida_Highway" title="Tavrida Highway">A291 "Tavrida"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R260_highway_(Russia)" title="R260 highway (Russia)">R260</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R280_highway_(Russia)" class="mw-redirect" title="R280 highway (Russia)">R280 "Novorossiya"</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Moscow_rally" title="2022 Moscow rally">2022 Moscow rally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Moscow_rally" title="2023 Moscow rally">2023 Moscow rally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2022 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2022 Moscow Victory Day Parade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2023 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2023 Moscow Victory Day Parade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2024 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2024 Moscow Victory Day Parade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Presidential_Address_to_the_Federal_Assembly" title="2023 Presidential Address to the Federal Assembly">2023 Presidential Address to the Federal Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_blockade_of_Ukraine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Russian blockade of Ukraine (page does not exist)">Blockade of Ukraine</a> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2" class="extiw" title="ru:Российская блокада украинских портов">ru</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohdan_Khmelnytsky_Battalion" class="mw-redirect" title="Bohdan Khmelnytsky Battalion">Bohdan Khmelnytsky Battalion</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censorship_in_Russia_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Censorship in Russia during the Russian invasion of Ukraine (page does not exist)">Censorship in Russia</a> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83" class="extiw" title="ru:Цензура в России во время вторжения на Украину">ru</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chechen_involvement_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Chechen involvement in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Chechnya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chechen_volunteers_on_the_side_of_Ukraine" title="Chechen volunteers on the side of Ukraine">Pro-Ukrainian Chechen fighters</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conmemorative_Medal_%22Participant_of_a_Special_Military_Operation%22&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Conmemorative Medal "Participant of a Special Military Operation" (page does not exist)">Conmemorative Medal "Participant of a Special Military Operation"</a> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C_%C2%AB%D0%A3%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%83_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8%C2%BB" class="extiw" title="ru:Памятная медаль «Участнику специальной военной операции»">ru</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conversations_about_Important_Things" title="Conversations about Important Things">Conversations about Important Things</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krasovsky_case" title="Krasovsky case">Krasovsky case</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Legalization_of_parallel_imports_in_Russia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Legalization of parallel imports in Russia (page does not exist)">Legalization of parallel imports</a> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8" class="extiw" title="ru:Легализация параллельного импорта в России">ru</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manifesto_of_the_South_Russian_People%27s_Council" title="Manifesto of the South Russian People's Council">Manifesto of the South Russian People's Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_martial_law" title="2022 Russian martial law">Martial law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masha_Moskalyova_case" title="Masha Moskalyova case">Masha Moskalyova case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolis_of_Crimea" title="Metropolis of Crimea">Metropolis of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Simonov_case" title="Mikhail Simonov case">Mikhail Simonov case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_mobilization" title="2022 Russian mobilization">Mobilization</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_irregular_forces_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Russian irregular forces during the Russian invasion of Ukraine (page does not exist)">Recruitment of irregular forces</a> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8B,_%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83" class="extiw" title="ru:Нерегулярные вооружённые силы, участвующие во вторжении России на Украину">ru</a>]</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doppelganger_(disinformation_campaign)" title="Doppelganger (disinformation campaign)">Operation Doppelgänger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opinion_polling_in_Russia_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Opinion polling in Russia during the Russian invasion of Ukraine (page does not exist)">Opinion polling</a> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83" class="extiw" title="ru:Социологические опросы в России во время вторжения на Украину">ru</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Russian_Christmas_truce_proposal" title="2023 Russian Christmas truce proposal">Orthodox Christmas truce proposal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagner_Group%E2%80%93Ministry_of_Defense_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="Wagner Group–Ministry of Defense conflict">Wagner Group–Ministry of Defense conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appeal_of_the_Clergy_of_the_Russian_Orthodox_Church_for_Reconciliation_and_an_End_to_War" title="Appeal of the Clergy of the Russian Orthodox Church for Reconciliation and an End to War">Russian Orthodox clergymen appeal against war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvation_Committee_for_Peace_and_Order" title="Salvation Committee for Peace and Order">Salvation Committee for Peace and Order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Coordinating_Council_for_Security_Enhancement" title="Special Coordinating Council for Security Enhancement">Special Coordinating Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_bioweapons_conspiracy_theory" title="Ukraine bioweapons conspiracy theory">Ukraine bioweapons conspiracy theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unfriendly_countries_list" title="Unfriendly countries list">Unfriendly countries list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_2022_war_censorship_laws" title="Russian 2022 war censorship laws">War censorship laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/We_Are_Together._Sports" title="We Are Together. Sports">We Are Together. Sports</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/What_Russia_Should_Do_with_Ukraine" title="What Russia Should Do with Ukraine">What Russia Should Do with Ukraine</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="United States and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">United States</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_Joe_Biden_speech_in_Warsaw" title="2022 Joe Biden speech in Warsaw">2022 Joe Biden speech in Warsaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="2022 State of the Union Address">2022 State of the Union Address</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_Appropriations_Act,_2022" title="Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022">Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_Appropriations_Act,_2023" title="Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023">Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disinformation_Governance_Board" title="Disinformation Governance Board">Disinformation Governance Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_14071" title="Executive Order 14071">Executive Order 14071</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022%E2%80%932023_Pentagon_document_leaks" title="2022–2023 Pentagon document leaks">Pentagon document leaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Task_Force_KleptoCapture" title="Task Force KleptoCapture">Task Force KleptoCapture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_Defense_Contact_Group" title="Ukraine Defense Contact Group">Ukraine Defense Contact Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_Democracy_Defense_Lend-Lease_Act_of_2022" title="Ukraine Democracy Defense Lend-Lease Act of 2022">Ukraine Democracy Defense Lend-Lease Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_Security_Assistance_Initiative" title="Ukraine Security Assistance Initiative">Ukraine Security Assistance Initiative</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other countries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_involvement_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Belarusian involvement in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Belarus</a></li> <li>Canada <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Ukraine_authorization_for_emergency_travel" title="Canada–Ukraine authorization for emergency travel">Canada–Ukraine authorization for emergency travel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="China and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Axis_of_Upheaval" title="Axis of Upheaval">Closer ties with Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%27s_Position_on_the_Political_Settlement_of_the_Ukrainian_Crisis" title="China's Position on the Political Settlement of the Ukrainian Crisis">Chinese peace plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Hong Kong and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Hong Kong</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influence_of_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War_on_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Influence of the Russo-Ukrainian War on Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li>Denmark <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_Danish_European_Union_opt-out_referendum" title="2022 Danish European Union opt-out referendum">Danish European Union defence opt-out referendum</a></li></ul></li> <li>Federated States of Micronesia <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Federated_States_of_Micronesia%E2%80%93Russia_relations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Federated States of Micronesia–Russia relations (page does not exist)">Federated States of Micronesia–Russia relations</a> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="extiw" title="ru:Российско-микронезийские отношения">ru</a>]</li></ul></li> <li>France <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mission_Aigle" title="Mission Aigle">Mission Aigle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Georgia and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Georgia</a></li> <li>Germany <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_Taurus_controversy" title="German Taurus controversy">German Taurus controversy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_Taurus_leak" title="German Taurus leak">Taurus leak</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeitenwende_speech" title="Zeitenwende speech">Zeitenwende speech</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Hungary and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="India and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">India</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Ganga" title="Operation Ganga">Operation Ganga</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Iran and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Iran</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Axis_of_Upheaval" title="Axis of Upheaval">Closer ties with Russia</a></li></ul></li> <li>Israel <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Israel_Guarantees" title="Operation Israel Guarantees">Operation Israel Guarantees</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuania_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Lithuania and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldova_and_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Moldova and the Russo-Ukrainian War">Moldova</a></li> <li>New Zealand <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russia_Sanctions_Act_2022" title="Russia Sanctions Act 2022">Russia Sanctions Act</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="North Korea and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">North Korea</a></li> <li>Poland <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Poland%E2%80%93Ukraine_border_crisis" title="Poland–Ukraine border crisis">border crisis with Ukraine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syria_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Syria and the Russian invasion of Ukraine (page does not exist)">Syria</a> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83" class="extiw" title="ru:Сирия и вторжение России на Украину">ru</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Taiwan and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Taiwan</a></li> <li>United Kingdom <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Crime_(Transparency_and_Enforcement)_Act_2022" title="Economic Crime (Transparency and Enforcement) Act 2022">Economic Crime Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homes_for_Ukraine" title="Homes for Ukraine">Homes for Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Interflex" title="Operation Interflex">Operation Interflex</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United Nations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eleventh_emergency_special_session_of_the_United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="Eleventh emergency special session of the United Nations General Assembly">Emergency special session</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_ES-11/1" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution ES-11/1">Resolution ES-11/1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_ES-11/2" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution ES-11/2">Resolution ES-11/2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_ES-11/3" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution ES-11/3">Resolution ES-11/3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_ES-11/4" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution ES-11/4">Resolution ES-11/4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_ES-11/5" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution ES-11/5">Resolution ES-11/5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_ES-11/6" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution ES-11/6">Resolution ES-11/6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_ES-11/7" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution ES-11/7">Resolution ES-11/7</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_2623" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 2623">Security Council Resolution 2623</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_A/RES/77/229" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution A/RES/77/229">Resolution A/RES/77/229</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_truce" title="Easter truce">Easter truce</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Moldova_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Moldova to the European Union">Accession of Moldova to the EU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Ukraine_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Ukraine to the European Union">Accession of Ukraine to the EU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Brussels_summit" title="2022 Brussels summit">Brussels summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Political_Community" title="European Political Community">European Political Community</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_European_Political_Community_Summit" title="1st European Political Community Summit">1st summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_European_Political_Community_Summit" title="2nd European Political Community Summit">2nd summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_European_Political_Community_Summit" title="3rd European Political Community Summit">3rd summit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Madrid_summit" title="2022 Madrid summit">Madrid summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_NATO_virtual_summit" title="2022 NATO virtual summit">NATO virtual summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Oscar" title="Operation Oscar">Operation Oscar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Ramstein_Air_Base_meeting" title="2022 Ramstein Air Base meeting">Ramstein Air Base meeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_EU%E2%80%93Ukraine_Summit" title="2023 EU–Ukraine Summit">EU–Ukraine Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/REPowerEU" title="REPowerEU">REPowerEU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steadfast_Defender_2024" title="Steadfast Defender 2024">Steadfast Defender 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SWIFT_ban_against_Russian_banks" title="SWIFT ban against Russian banks">SWIFT ban against Russian banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_Recovery_Conference" title="Ukraine Recovery Conference">Ukraine Recovery Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Versailles_declaration" title="Versailles declaration">Versailles declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Vilnius_summit" title="2023 Vilnius summit">2023 Vilnius summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/15th_BRICS_summit" title="15th BRICS summit">15th BRICS summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Washington_summit" title="2024 Washington summit">2024 Washington summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weimar%2B" title="Weimar+">Weimar+</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Consecration_of_Russia_to_the_Immaculate_Heart_of_Mary#21st_century" title="Consecration of Russia to the Immaculate Heart of Mary">Consecration of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F-16_training_coalition" title="F-16 training coalition">F-16 training coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Finland–NATO relations">Finland–NATO relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland%E2%80%93Russia_border_barrier" title="Finland–Russia border barrier">Finland–Russia border barrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron_diplomacy" title="Iron diplomacy">Iron diplomacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_Russian_annexation_of_South_Ossetia#2022_proposal" title="Proposed Russian annexation of South Ossetia">Proposed Russian annexation of South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_Russia#2022" title="Terrorism in Russia">Recognition of Russia as a terrorist state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monuments_and_memorials_removed_following_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="List of monuments and memorials removed following the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Removal of monuments and memorials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_streets_renamed_due_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="List of streets renamed due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Streets renamed</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_Square,_Oslo" title="Ukraine Square, Oslo">Ukraine Square, Oslo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_serving_heads_of_state_and_government_that_have_visited_Ukraine_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="List of serving heads of state and government that have visited Ukraine during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Serving heads of state and government that have visited Ukraine during the invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Sweden–NATO relations">Sweden–NATO relations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2023_Swedish_anti-terrorism_bill" title="2023 Swedish anti-terrorism bill">Swedish anti-terrorism bill</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Non-government_reactions_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Non-government reactions to the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Public</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Protests_against_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Protests against the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Protests</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>In Ukraine <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_protests_in_Russian-occupied_Ukraine" title="2022 protests in Russian-occupied Ukraine">in Russian-occupied Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demolition_of_monuments_to_Alexander_Pushkin_in_Ukraine" title="Demolition of monuments to Alexander Pushkin in Ukraine">demolition of monuments to Alexander Pushkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ArmWomenNow" title="ArmWomenNow">ArmWomenNow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Artistic_Front" title="Ukrainian Artistic Front">Ukrainian Artistic Front</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-war_protests_in_Russia_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Anti-war protests in Russia (2022–present)">In Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angry_patriots" title="Angry patriots">Angry patriots</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Club_of_Angry_Patriots" title="Club of Angry Patriots">Club of Angry Patriots</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-War_Committee_of_Russia" title="Anti-War Committee of Russia">Anti-War Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspicious_deaths_of_Russian_businesspeople_(2022%E2%80%932024)" class="mw-redirect" title="Suspicious deaths of Russian businesspeople (2022–2024)">Suspicious deaths of Russian businesspeople</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_People%27s_Deputies_(Russia,_2022)" title="Congress of People's Deputies (Russia, 2022)">Congress of People's Deputies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Mothers_and_Wives" title="Council of Mothers and Wives">Council of Mothers and Wives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminist_Anti-War_Resistance" title="Feminist Anti-War Resistance">Feminist Anti-War Resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flower_protests" title="Flower protests">Flower protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marina_Ovsyannikova" title="Marina Ovsyannikova">Marina Ovsyannikova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Action_Committee" title="Russian Action Committee">Russian Action Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_North_Caucasian_protests" title="2022 North Caucasian protests">North Caucasian protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_Far_East_protests" title="2022 Russian Far East protests">2022 Russian Far East protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_initiative_for_charging_Vladimir_Putin_of_high_treason" title="Municipal initiative for charging Vladimir Putin of high treason">State Duma initiative for charging Vladimir Putin of high treason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-blue-white_flag" title="White-blue-white flag">White-blue-white flag</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_involvement_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine#Belarusian_opposition_to_the_invasion" title="Belarusian involvement in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">In Belarus</a></li> <li>In China <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Translation_Movement" title="Great Translation Movement">Great Translation Movement</a></li></ul></li> <li>In Czech Republic <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic_First!" title="Czech Republic First!">Czech Republic First!</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Corporate_responses_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Corporate responses to the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Companies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_address_of_the_Russian_Union_of_Rectors" title="2022 address of the Russian Union of Rectors">Address of the Russian Union of Rectors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boycott_of_Russia_and_Belarus" title="Boycott of Russia and Belarus">Boycott of Russia and Belarus</a> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Do_not_buy_Russian_goods!" title="Do not buy Russian goods!">Do not buy Russian goods!</a>"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E.N.O.T._Corp." title="E.N.O.T. Corp.">E.N.O.T. Corp.</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Mangushev" title="Igor Mangushev">Igor Mangushev</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonald%27s_in_Russia" title="McDonald's in Russia">McDonald's in Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vkusno_i_tochka" title="Vkusno i tochka">Vkusno i tochka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NashStore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NashStore (page does not exist)">NashStore</a> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/NashStore" class="extiw" title="ru:NashStore">ru</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Satellite" title="People's Satellite">People's Satellite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starlink_in_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Starlink in the Russo-Ukrainian War">Starlink satellites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stop_Bloody_Energy" title="Stop Bloody Energy">Stop Bloody Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagner_Group_activities_in_Ukraine" title="Wagner Group activities in Ukraine">Wagner Group</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Aleksandrovich_Medvedev" title="Andrey Aleksandrovich Medvedev">Andrey Aleksandrovich Medvedev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Nemes_Tarimo" title="Death of Nemes Tarimo">Death of Nemes Tarimo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yale_CELI_List_of_Companies" title="Yale CELI List of Companies">Yale CELI List of Companies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anonymous_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Anonymous and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Anonymous and the invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alerts.in.ua" title="Alerts.in.ua">alerts.in.ua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_DDoS_attacks_on_Romania" title="2022 DDoS attacks on Romania">DDoS attacks on Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeepStateMap.Live" title="DeepStateMap.Live">DeepStateMap.Live</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IT_Army_of_Ukraine" title="IT Army of Ukraine">IT Army of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killnet" title="Killnet">Killnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liveuamap" title="Liveuamap">Liveuamap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open-source_intelligence_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Open-source intelligence in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Open-source intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peacenotwar" title="Peacenotwar">peacenotwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Asset_Tracker" title="Russian Asset Tracker">Russian Asset Tracker</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Squad303&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Squad303 (page does not exist)">Squad303</a> [<a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squad303" class="extiw" title="pl:Squad303">pl</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_Siren_Alerts" title="Ukraine Siren Alerts">Ukraine Siren Alerts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Wikipedia and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Wikipedia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blocking_of_Wikipedia_in_Russia#2022_threat_to_block" class="mw-redirect" title="Blocking of Wikipedia in Russia">threat to block in Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detention_of_Mark_Bernstein" title="Detention of Mark Bernstein">detention of Mark Bernstein</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_expulsions_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Diplomatic expulsions during the Russo-Ukrainian War">Diplomatic expulsions during the Russo-Ukrainian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_spies_in_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russian spies in the Russo-Ukrainian War">Russian spies in the Russo-Ukrainian War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Azovstal_Defenders%27_Families" title="Association of Azovstal Defenders' Families">Association of Azovstal Defenders' Families</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Grain_Initiative" title="Black Sea Grain Initiative">Black Sea Grain Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collaboration_with_Russia_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Collaboration with Russia during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Collaboration with Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/We_Are_Together_with_Russia" title="We Are Together with Russia">We Are Together with Russia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concert_for_Ukraine" title="Concert for Ukraine">Concert for Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Buryatia_Foundation" title="Free Buryatia Foundation">Free Buryatia Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Nations_of_Post-Russia_Forum" title="Free Nations of Post-Russia Forum">Free Nations of Post-Russia Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game4Ukraine" title="Game4Ukraine">Game4Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Get_Lost_(organisation)" title="Get Lost (organisation)">Get Lost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Tour_for_Peace" title="Global Tour for Peace">Global Tour for Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go_by_the_Forest" class="mw-redirect" title="Go by the Forest">Go by the Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guide_to_the_Free_World" title="Guide to the Free World">Guide to the Free World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozart_Group" title="Mozart Group">Mozart Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olena_Zelenska_Foundation" title="Olena Zelenska Foundation">Olena Zelenska Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_open_letter_from_Nobel_laureates_in_support_of_Ukraine" title="2022 open letter from Nobel laureates in support of Ukraine">Open letter from Nobel laureates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavel_Sudoplatov_Battalion" title="Pavel Sudoplatov Battalion">Pavel Sudoplatov Battalion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubikus.HelpUA" title="Rubikus.HelpUA">Rubikus.HelpUA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruslan_Shostak_Charitable_Foundation" title="Ruslan Shostak Charitable Foundation">Ruslan Shostak Charitable Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%27s_War_Crimes_House" title="Russia's War Crimes House">Russia's War Crimes House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Save_Ukraine" title="Save Ukraine">Save Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saving_Ukrainian_Cultural_Heritage_Online" title="Saving Ukrainian Cultural Heritage Online">Saving Ukrainian Cultural Heritage Online</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serhiy_Prytula_Charity_Foundation" title="Serhiy Prytula Charity Foundation">Serhiy Prytula Charity Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Spain_letter_bomb_attacks" title="2022 Spain letter bomb attacks">Spain letter bomb attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yermak-McFaul_Expert_Group_on_Russian_Sanctions" title="Yermak-McFaul Expert Group on Russian Sanctions">Yermak-McFaul Expert Group on Russian Sanctions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavel_Filatyev" title="Pavel Filatyev">Pavel Filatyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/True_Russia" title="True Russia">True Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volos_Declaration" title="Volos Declaration">Volos Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wimbledon_ban_on_Russian_and_Belarusian_players" title="Wimbledon ban on Russian and Belarusian players">Wimbledon ban</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Impact6185" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Impact</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Effects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aircraft_losses_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="List of aircraft losses during the Russo-Ukrainian War">Aircraft losses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casualties_of_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War#Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Casualties of the Russo-Ukrainian War">Casualties</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_journalists_killed_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="List of journalists killed during the Russo-Ukrainian War">journalists killed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Russian_generals_killed_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="List of Russian generals killed during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian generals killed</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Economic impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Economic impact</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2021%E2%80%932023_inflation" class="mw-redirect" title="2021–2023 inflation">Inflation surge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022%E2%80%932023_Moldovan_energy_crisis" title="2022–2023 Moldovan energy crisis">2022–2023 Moldovan energy crisis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moldovan_protests_(2022%E2%80%932023)" title="Moldovan protests (2022–2023)">protests</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2025_Moldovan_energy_crisis" title="2025 Moldovan energy crisis">2025 Moldovan energy crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022%E2%80%932023_Russia%E2%80%93European_Union_gas_dispute" title="2022–2023 Russia–European Union gas dispute">Russia–EU gas dispute</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_Nord_Stream_pipeline_sabotage" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Nord Stream pipeline sabotage">2022 Nord Stream pipeline sabotage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_debt_default" title="2022 Russian debt default">Russian debt default</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_crude_oil_price_cap_sanctions" title="2022 Russian crude oil price cap sanctions">2022 Russian oil price cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_economic_crisis_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="German economic crisis (2022–present)">2022-2024 German economic crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Russian_oil_products_sanctions_and_price_cap" title="2023 Russian oil products sanctions and price cap">2023 Russian oil products sanctions and price cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EU_natural_gas_price_cap" title="EU natural gas price cap">EU natural gas price cap</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Ukraine#During_the_2022_Russian_invasion" title="Education in Ukraine">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whisky_War" title="Whisky War">End of the Whisky War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Environmental impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Environmental impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020s_European_re-armament" title="2020s European re-armament">European re-armament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2022" title="Eurovision Song Contest 2022">Eurovision Song Contest 2022</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russia_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest_2022" title="Russia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2022">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest_2022" title="Ukraine in the Eurovision Song Contest 2022">Ukraine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2023" title="Eurovision Song Contest 2023">Eurovision Song Contest 2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022%E2%80%932023_food_crises" class="mw-redirect" title="2022–2023 food crises">Food crises</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theatre_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Theatre during the Russian invasion of Ukraine (page does not exist)">Impact on theatre</a> [<a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%97_%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B8" class="extiw" title="uk:Театр часів Російсько-української війни">uk</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_notable_deaths_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="List of notable deaths during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">List of notable deaths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lukoil_oil_transit_dispute" title="Lukoil oil transit dispute">Lukoil oil transit dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_on_nuclear_power_plants" title="Impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine on nuclear power plants">Nuclear power plants</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zaporizhzhia_Nuclear_Power_Plant_crisis" title="Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant crisis">Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant crisis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_risk_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Nuclear risk during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Nuclear risk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Religion and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_emigration_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian emigration during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian emigration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ark_(organisation)" title="Ark (organisation)">The Ark</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ship_losses_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="List of ship losses during the Russo-Ukrainian War">Ship losses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_cultural_heritage_during_the_2022_Russian_invasion" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian cultural heritage during the 2022 Russian invasion">Ukrainian cultural heritage</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_theft_and_looting_by_Russia_during_the_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Art theft and looting by Russia during the invasion of Ukraine">art theft and looting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_damaged_cultural_sites_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="List of damaged cultural sites during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">damaged cultural sites</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trauma_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Trauma in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Trauma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Urengoy%E2%80%93Pomary%E2%80%93Uzhhorod_pipeline_explosion" title="2022 Urengoy–Pomary–Uzhhorod pipeline explosion">Urengoy–Pomary–Uzhhorod pipeline explosion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_energy_crisis" title="Ukrainian energy crisis">Ukrainian energy crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violations_of_non-combatant_airspaces_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Violations of non-combatant airspaces during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Violations of non-combatant airspaces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Women in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Human rights</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_impacts_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Humanitarian impacts of the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Humanitarian impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_refugee_crisis_(2022%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian refugee crisis (2022–present)">Ukrainian refugee crisis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sobieskiego_100" title="Sobieskiego 100">Sobieskiego 100</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_International_Commission_of_Inquiry_on_Ukraine" title="Independent International Commission of Inquiry on Ukraine">UN Commission of Inquiry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Human_Rights_Monitoring_Mission_in_Ukraine" title="United Nations Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine">UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Terms and phrases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/And_now_I_will_show_you_where_the_attack_on_Belarus_was_prepared_from" title="And now I will show you where the attack on Belarus was prepared from">And now I will show you where the attack on Belarus was prepared from</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxons_(slur)" title="Anglo-Saxons (slur)">Anglo-Saxons</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Bavovna" title="Bavovna">Bavovna</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Grandpa_in_his_bunker" title="Grandpa in his bunker">Grandpa in his bunker</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Good_Evening_(Where_Are_You_From%3F)" title="Good Evening (Where Are You From?)">Good evening, we are from Ukraine</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Orc_(slang)" title="Orc (slang)">Orc</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Putin_khuylo!#Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Putin khuylo!">Putin khuylo!</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Khuy_Voyne!#Russo-Ukrainian_war" title="Khuy Voyne!">Khuy Voyne!</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia_is_here_forever&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Russia is here forever (page does not exist)">Russia is here forever</a> [<a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B8" class="extiw" title="uk:Росія тут назавжди">uk</a>]"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Russian_warship,_go_fuck_yourself" title="Russian warship, go fuck yourself">Russian warship, go fuck yourself</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Slava_Ukraini#Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Slava Ukraini">Slava Ukraini!</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Special_military_operation" title="Special military operation">Special military operation</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/To_bomb_Voronezh" title="To bomb Voronezh">To bomb Voronezh</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Strength_is_in_truth" title="Strength is in truth">Strength is in truth</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Westsplaining" title="Westsplaining">Westsplaining</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Where_have_you_been_for_eight_years%3F" title="Where have you been for eight years?">Where have you been for eight years?</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Without_you_(speech)" title="Without you (speech)">Without you</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Popular culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Songs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/12_(song)" title="12 (song)">12</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Bakhmut_Fortress" title="Bakhmut Fortress">Bakhmut Fortress</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Bayraktar_(song)" title="Bayraktar (song)">Bayraktar</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Bilia_topoli" title="Bilia topoli">Bilia topoli</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/City_of_Mary_(song)" title="City of Mary (song)">City of Mary</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Flowers_of_Minefields" title="Flowers of Minefields">Flowers of Minefields</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Generation_Cancellation" title="Generation Cancellation">Generation Cancellation</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Generation_Z_(song)" title="Generation Z (song)">Generation Z</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/I%27m_Russian_(song)" title="I'm Russian (song)">I'm Russian</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Oyda_(song)" title="Oyda (song)">Oyda</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Hey,_Hey,_Rise_Up!" title="Hey, Hey, Rise Up!">Hey, Hey, Rise Up!</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Mama_%C5%A0%C4%8C!" title="Mama ŠČ!">Mama ŠČ!</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Oi_u_luzi_chervona_kalyna" title="Oi u luzi chervona kalyna">Oi u luzi chervona kalyna</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Slava_Ukraini!_(song)" title="Slava Ukraini! (song)">Slava Ukraini!</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Stefania_(song)" title="Stefania (song)">Stefania</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Ukraine_(song)" title="Ukraine (song)">Ukraine</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Crushed_(Imagine_Dragons_song)" title="Crushed (Imagine Dragons song)">Crushed</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/20_Days_in_Mariupol" title="20 Days in Mariupol">20 Days in Mariupol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Rising_Fury" title="A Rising Fury">A Rising Fury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Follow_Me_(documentary)" class="mw-redirect" title="Follow Me (documentary)">Follow Me</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercepted_(film)" title="Intercepted (film)">Intercepted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russians_at_War" title="Russians at War">Russians at War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turn_in_the_Wound" title="Turn in the Wound">Turn in the Wound</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukraine_on_Fire_2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ukraine on Fire 2 (page does not exist)">Ukraine on Fire 2</a> [<a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BD%D1%96_2" class="extiw" title="uk:Україна в огні 2">uk</a>]</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Babylon%2713" title="Babylon'13">Babylon'13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Back_to_the_Cold_War" title="Back to the Cold War">Back to the Cold War</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Borodianka_cat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Borodianka cat (page does not exist)">Borodianka cat</a> [<a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B7_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B8" class="extiw" title="uk:Кішка з Бородянки">uk</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghost_of_Kyiv" title="Ghost of Kyiv">Ghost of Kyiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kherson_watermelon" title="Kherson watermelon">Kherson watermelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kr%C3%A1lovec_Region" title="Královec Region">Královec Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madonna_of_Kyiv" title="Madonna of Kyiv">Madonna of Kyiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NAFO_(group)" title="NAFO (group)">North Atlantic Fella Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newspeak_in_Russia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Newspeak in Russia (page does not exist)">Newspeak in Russia</a> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B7_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8" class="extiw" title="ru:Новояз в России">ru</a>; <a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D1%97" class="extiw" title="uk:Новомова в Росії">uk</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patron_(dog)" title="Patron (dog)">Patron</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Putler#After_2014" title="Putler">Putler</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Putinversteher" title="Putinversteher">Putinversteher</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raccoon_of_Kherson" title="Raccoon of Kherson">Raccoon of Kherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Javelin" title="Saint Javelin">Saint Javelin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saint_Mariuburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saint Mariuburg (page does not exist)">Saint Mariuburg</a> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3" class="extiw" title="ru:Санкт-Мариубург">ru</a>; <a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3" class="extiw" title="uk:Санкт-Маріубург">uk</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasylkiv_maiolica_rooster" title="Vasylkiv maiolica rooster">Vasylkiv maiolica rooster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin%27s_meeting_table" title="Vladimir Putin's meeting table">Vladimir Putin's meeting table</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walk_of_the_Brave" title="Walk of the Brave">Walk of the Brave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z_(military_symbol)" title="Z (military symbol)">"Z" military symbol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Key_people1985" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Key people</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ukrainians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelenskyy" title="Volodymyr Zelenskyy">Volodymyr Zelenskyy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speeches_by_Volodymyr_Zelenskyy_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Speeches by Volodymyr Zelenskyy during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">speeches during the invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_visit_by_Volodymyr_Zelenskyy_to_the_United_States" title="2022 visit by Volodymyr Zelenskyy to the United States">visit to the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_visit_by_Volodymyr_Zelenskyy_to_the_United_Kingdom" title="2023 visit by Volodymyr Zelenskyy to the United Kingdom">visit to the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2023_European_visits_by_Volodymyr_Zelenskyy" title="May 2023 European visits by Volodymyr Zelenskyy">visits to Europe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andriy_Biletsky" title="Andriy Biletsky">Andriy Biletsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Pushilin" title="Denis Pushilin">Denis Pushilin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denys_Shmyhal" title="Denys Shmyhal">Denys Shmyhal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denys_Kireyev" title="Denys Kireyev">Denys Kireyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denys_Monastyrsky" title="Denys Monastyrsky">Denys Monastyrsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denys_Prokopenko" title="Denys Prokopenko">Denys Prokopenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iryna_Venediktova" title="Iryna Venediktova">Iryna Venediktova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrylo_Budanov" title="Kyrylo Budanov">Kyrylo Budanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonid_Pasechnik" title="Leonid Pasechnik">Leonid Pasechnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykhailo_Drapatyi" title="Mykhailo Drapatyi">Mykhailo Drapatyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykola_Oleschuk" class="mw-redirect" title="Mykola Oleschuk">Mykola Oleschuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleksandr_Pavlyuk" class="mw-redirect" title="Oleksandr Pavlyuk">Oleksandr Pavlyuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleksandr_Syrskyi" title="Oleksandr Syrskyi">Oleksandr Syrskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleksii_Reznikov" title="Oleksii Reznikov">Oleksii Reznikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleksiy_Danilov" title="Oleksiy Danilov">Oleksiy Danilov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleksiy_Neizhpapa" title="Oleksiy Neizhpapa">Oleksiy Neizhpapa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruslan_Khomchak" title="Ruslan Khomchak">Ruslan Khomchak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rustem_Umerov" title="Rustem Umerov">Rustem Umerov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergiy_Kyslytsya" title="Sergiy Kyslytsya">Sergiy Kyslytsya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serhiy_Shaptala" title="Serhiy Shaptala">Serhiy Shaptala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serhii_Sternenko" title="Serhii Sternenko">Serhii Sternenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valerii_Zaluzhnyi" title="Valerii Zaluzhnyi">Valerii Zaluzhnyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasyl_Malyuk" title="Vasyl Malyuk">Vasyl Malyuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitali_Klitschko" title="Vitali Klitschko">Vitali Klitschko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yevhen_Moisiuk" title="Yevhen Moisiuk">Yevhen Moisiuk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Russians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Dvornikov" title="Aleksandr Dvornikov">Aleksandr Dvornikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Lapin_(general)" title="Aleksandr Lapin (general)">Aleksandr Lapin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksey_Dyumin" title="Aleksey Dyumin">Aleksey Dyumin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksey_Nagin" title="Aleksey Nagin">Aleksey Nagin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Bortnikov" title="Alexander Bortnikov">Alexander Bortnikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Kolesnikov_(general)" title="Andrei Kolesnikov (general)">Andrei Kolesnikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Sychevoi" title="Andrei Sychevoi">Andrei Sychevoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Belousov" title="Andrey Belousov">Andrey Belousov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Vorobyov" title="Andrey Vorobyov">Andrey Vorobyov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Medvedev" title="Dmitry Medvedev">Dmitry Medvedev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gennady_Zhidko" title="Gennady Zhidko">Gennady Zhidko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Kastyukevich" title="Igor Kastyukevich">Igor Kastyukevich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Ivanovich_Popov" class="mw-redirect" title="Ivan Ivanovich Popov">Ivan Popov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Mishustin" title="Mikhail Mishustin">Mikhail Mishustin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Lvova-Belova" title="Maria Lvova-Belova">Maria Lvova-Belova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Patrushev" title="Nikolai Patrushev">Nikolai Patrushev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Salyukov" title="Oleg Salyukov">Oleg Salyukov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Tsokov" title="Oleg Tsokov">Oleg Tsokov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramzan_Kadyrov" title="Ramzan Kadyrov">Ramzan Kadyrov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Berdnikov" title="Roman Berdnikov">Roman Berdnikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rustam_Muradov" title="Rustam Muradov">Rustam Muradov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Kobylash" title="Sergey Kobylash">Sergey Kobylash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Lavrov" title="Sergey Lavrov">Sergey Lavrov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Naryshkin" title="Sergey Naryshkin">Sergey Naryshkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Shoigu" title="Sergei Shoigu">Sergei Shoigu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Surovikin" title="Sergey Surovikin">Sergey Surovikin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timur_Ivanov" title="Timur Ivanov">Timur Ivanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valery_Gerasimov" title="Valery Gerasimov">Valery Gerasimov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Sokolov_(naval_officer)" title="Viktor Sokolov (naval officer)">Viktor Sokolov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Zolotov" title="Viktor Zolotov">Viktor Zolotov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitaly_Gerasimov" title="Vitaly Gerasimov">Vitaly Gerasimov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyacheslav_Gladkov" title="Vyacheslav Gladkov">Vyacheslav Gladkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyacheslav_Volodin" title="Vyacheslav Volodin">Vyacheslav Volodin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yevgeny_Prigozhin" title="Yevgeny Prigozhin">Yevgeny Prigozhin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus"><img alt="Belarus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/15px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/30px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Lukashenko" title="Alexander Lukashenko">Alexander Lukashenko</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Related3059" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Related</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2023_North_Korea%E2%80%93Russia_summit" title="2023 North Korea–Russia summit">2023 North Korea–Russia summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Korochansky_Ilyushin_Il-76_crash" title="2024 Korochansky Ilyushin Il-76 crash">2024 Korochansky Ilyushin Il-76 crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2025_Putin%E2%80%93Trump_call" title="2025 Putin–Trump call">2025 Putin–Trump call</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-drone_mesh" title="Anti-drone mesh">Anti-drone mesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Russian_sentiment" title="Anti-Russian sentiment">Anti-Russian sentiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Ukrainian_sentiment" title="Anti-Ukrainian sentiment">Anti-Ukrainian sentiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonov_An-225_Mriya" title="Antonov An-225 Mriya">Antonov An-225 Mriya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axis_of_Upheaval" title="Axis of Upheaval">Axis of Upheaval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azovstal_Iron_and_Steel_Works" title="Azovstal Iron and Steel Works">Azovstal Iron and Steel Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Belgorod_accidental_bombing" title="2023 Belgorod accidental bombing">Belgorod accidental bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Brovary_helicopter_crash" title="2023 Brovary helicopter crash">Brovary helicopter crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Bryansk_Oblast_military_aircraft_crashes" title="2023 Bryansk Oblast military aircraft crashes">Bryansk Oblast military aircraft crashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claims_of_Vladimir_Putin%27s_incapacity_and_death" title="Claims of Vladimir Putin's incapacity and death">Claims of Vladimir Putin's incapacity and death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decolonization_in_Ukraine" title="Decolonization in Ukraine">Decolonization in Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decommunization_in_Ukraine" title="Decommunization in Ukraine">Decommunization in Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derussification_in_Ukraine" title="Derussification in Ukraine">Derussification in Ukraine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demolition_of_monuments_to_Alexander_Pushkin_in_Ukraine" title="Demolition of monuments to Alexander Pushkin in Ukraine">Demolition of monuments to Alexander Pushkin in Ukraine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_serving_heads_of_state_and_government_that_have_visited_Ukraine_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="List of serving heads of state and government that have visited Ukraine during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Foreign leaders that have visited during the invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_for_the_Study_of_War" title="Institute for the Study of War">Institute for the Study of War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Irkutsk_military_aircraft_crash" title="2022 Irkutsk military aircraft crash">Irkutsk military aircraft crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Ivanovo_Ilyushin_Il-76_crash" title="2024 Ivanovo Ilyushin Il-76 crash">Ivanovo Ilyushin Il-76 crash</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2023_Kyivstar_cyberattack&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2023 Kyivstar cyberattack (page does not exist)">Kyivstar cyberattack</a> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%C2%AB%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%C2%BB_(2023)" class="extiw" title="ru:Кибератака на «Киевстар» (2023)">ru</a>; <a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%C2%AB%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%97%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%C2%BB_(2023)" class="extiw" title="uk:Кібератака на «Київстар» (2023)">uk</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_R_incident" title="Lady R incident">Lady R incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nord_Stream_2" title="Nord Stream 2">Nord Stream 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_Russian_annexation_of_Transnistria" title="Proposed Russian annexation of Transnistria">Proposed Russian annexation of Transnistria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punisher_(drone)" title="Punisher (drone)">Punisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction" title="Russia and weapons of mass destruction">Russian nuclear weapons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RS-28_Sarmat" title="RS-28 Sarmat">Sarmat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_military_presence_in_Transnistria" title="Russian military presence in Transnistria">Russian military presence in Transnistria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_Air_Force_Ilyushin_Il-76_crash" title="2022 Russian Air Force Ilyushin Il-76 crash">Ryazan military aircraft crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Siberian_wildfires" title="2022 Siberian wildfires">Siberian wildfires</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2023_Sinhury_mid-air_collision&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2023 Sinhury mid-air collision (page does not exist)">Sinhury mid-air collision</a> [<a 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tank">Turtle tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U-24_(association)" title="U-24 (association)">U-24 association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian-African_Renaissance" title="Ukrainian-African Renaissance">Ukrainian-African Renaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_conscription_crisis" title="Ukrainian conscription crisis">Ukrainian conscription crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_of_Western_long-range_weapons_by_Ukraine_in_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Use of Western long-range weapons by Ukraine in Russia">Western long-range weapons in Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ural_Airlines_Flight_1383" title="Ural Airlines Flight 1383">Ural Airlines Flight 1383</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_Aerospace_Forces_An-26_crash" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian Aerospace Forces An-26 crash">Voronezh military aircraft crash</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Vladimir_Putin_Interview" class="mw-redirect" title="The Vladimir Putin Interview">The Vladimir Putin Interview</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Yeysk_military_aircraft_crash" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Yeysk military aircraft crash">Yeysk military aircraft crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Moldovan_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_attempt_allegations" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 Moldovan coup d'état attempt allegations">Moldovan coup d'état attempt allegations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_visit_by_Joe_Biden_to_Ukraine" title="2023 visit by Joe Biden to Ukraine">2023 visit by Joe Biden to Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_visit_by_Fumio_Kishida_to_Ukraine" title="2023 visit by Fumio Kishida to Ukraine">2023 visit by Fumio Kishida to Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_visit_by_Xi_Jinping_to_Russia" title="2023 visit by Xi Jinping to Russia">2023 visit by Xi Jinping to Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_visit_by_Yoon_Suk_Yeol_to_Ukraine" title="2023 visit by Yoon Suk Yeol to Ukraine">2023 visit by Yoon Suk Yeol to Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Wagner_Group_plane_crash" title="2023 Wagner Group plane crash">Wagner Group plane crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaroslav_Hunka_scandal" title="Yaroslav Hunka scandal">Yaroslav Hunka scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_Airlines_Flight_8243" title="Azerbaijan Airlines Flight 8243">Azerbaijan Airlines Flight 8243</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e0/Symbol_question.svg/16px-Symbol_question.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e0/Symbol_question.svg/23px-Symbol_question.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e0/Symbol_question.svg/31px-Symbol_question.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Category:Russian invasion of Ukraine">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="War_crimes5980" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:War_crimes" title="Template:War crimes"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:War_crimes" title="Template talk:War crimes"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:War_crimes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:War crimes"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="War_crimes5980" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/War_crime" title="War crime">War crimes</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_war_crimes" title="List of war crimes">List of war crimes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/International_humanitarian_law" title="International humanitarian law">International humanitarian law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Sources_of_international_law" title="Sources of international law">Sources</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lieber_Code" title="Lieber Code">Lieber Code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg_Declaration_of_1868" title="Saint Petersburg Declaration of 1868">Saint Petersburg Declaration of 1868</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hague_Conventions_of_1899_and_1907" title="Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907">Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geneva_Protocol" title="Geneva Protocol">Geneva Protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geneva_Conventions" title="Geneva Conventions">Geneva Conventions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1864_Geneva_Convention" class="mw-redirect" title="1864 Geneva Convention">1864</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Geneva_Convention" title="First Geneva Convention">First (1949)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Geneva_Convention" title="Second Geneva Convention">Second (1949)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Geneva_Convention" title="Third Geneva Convention">Third (1949)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Geneva_Convention" title="Fourth Geneva Convention">Fourth (1949)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protocol_I" title="Protocol I">Protocol I (1977)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protocol_II" title="Protocol II">Protocol II (1977)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Responsibility_to_protect" title="Responsibility to protect">Responsibility to protect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rome_Statute" title="Rome Statute">Rome Statute</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civilian" title="Civilian">Civilians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Non-combatant" title="Non-combatant">non-combatants</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civilian_casualty" title="Civilian casualty">Civilian casualties</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Command_responsibility" title="Command responsibility">Command responsibility</a> / <a href="/wiki/Superior_orders" title="Superior orders">Superior orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distinction_(law)" title="Distinction (law)">Distinction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hors_de_combat" title="Hors de combat">Hors de combat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intention_(criminal_law)" title="Intention (criminal law)">Intent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_criminal_enterprise" title="Joint criminal enterprise">Joint criminal enterprise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_neutrality" title="Medical neutrality">Medical neutrality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_necessity" title="Military necessity">Military necessity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war">Prisoners of war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proportionality_(law)" title="Proportionality (law)">Proportionality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_persons" title="Protected persons">Protected persons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruse_de_guerre" title="Ruse de guerre">Ruse de guerre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safe_conduct" title="Safe conduct">Safe conduct</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;">War crimes by type</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Attacks on <a href="/wiki/Attacks_on_humanitarian_workers" title="Attacks on humanitarian workers">humanitarian workers</a> / <a href="/wiki/Attacks_on_parachutists" title="Attacks on parachutists">parachutists</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Children_in_the_military" title="Children in the military">Child soldiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_punishment" title="Collective punishment">Collective punishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_order_(international_law)" title="Criminal order (international law)">Criminal orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_flights" title="Death flights">Death flights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_march" title="Death march">Death marches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desecration_of_graves" class="mw-redirect" title="Desecration of graves">Desecration of graves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destruction_of_the_healthcare_system" title="Destruction of the healthcare system">Destruction of the healthcare system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enforced_disappearance" title="Enforced disappearance">Enforced disappearances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extrajudicial_killing" title="Extrajudicial killing">Extrajudicial killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hostage" title="Hostage">Hostage-taking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trophy_collecting" title="Human trophy collecting">Human trophy collecting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiscriminate_attack" title="Indiscriminate attack">Indiscriminate attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Looting" title="Looting">Looting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massacre" title="Massacre">Massacres</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mass_killing" title="Mass killing">Mass killings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No_quarter" title="No quarter">No quarter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perfidy" title="Perfidy">Perfidy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starvation_(crime)" title="Starvation (crime)">Starvation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torture" title="Torture">Torture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_shield_(law)" title="Human shield (law)">Use of human shields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wartime_sexual_violence" title="Wartime sexual violence">Wartime sexual violence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;">War crimes committed by...</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_war_crimes" title="Croatian war crimes">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_war_crimes" title="German war crimes">Germany</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_of_the_Wehrmacht" title="War crimes of the Wehrmacht">Wehrmacht</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_war_crimes" title="Israeli war crimes">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_war_crimes" title="Italian war crimes">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_war_crimes" title="Japanese war crimes">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_war_crimes" title="Palestinian war crimes">Palestinians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_war_crimes" title="Russian war crimes">Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_war_crimes" title="Soviet war crimes">Soviet Union</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_war_crimes" title="Serbian war crimes">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_war_crimes" title="Turkish war crimes">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates_war_crimes" title="United Arab Emirates war crimes">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_war_crimes" title="British war crimes">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_war_crimes" title="United States war crimes">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;">War crimes by war</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_Afghanistan" title="War crimes in Afghanistan">Afghanistan wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Chechen_War_crimes_and_terrorism" title="Second Chechen War crimes and terrorism">Second Chechen War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_Iraq_War" class="mw-redirect" title="War crimes in the Iraq War">Iraq War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_Korean_War" title="War crimes in the Korean War">Korean War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_2006_Lebanon_War" title="War crimes in the 2006 Lebanon War">2006 Lebanon War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_violations_during_the_Libyan_civil_war_(2011)" title="Human rights violations during the Libyan civil war (2011)">Libyan civil war (2011)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_during_the_Myanmar_civil_war_(2021%E2%80%93present)" title="War crimes during the Myanmar civil war (2021–present)">Myanmar civil war (2021–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagorno-Karabakh_conflict" title="Nagorno-Karabakh conflict">Nagorno-Karabakh conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_First_Nagorno-Karabakh_War" class="mw-redirect" title="War crimes in the First Nagorno-Karabakh War">First war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_Second_Nagorno-Karabakh_War" title="War crimes in the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War">Second war</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_conflict" title="Gaza–Israel conflict">Gaza–Israel conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_Gaza_War_(2008%E2%80%932009)" title="War crimes in the Gaza War (2008–2009)">2008–2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_Gaza_war" title="War crimes in the Gaza war">2023–present</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_war_crimes_in_the_Gaza_war" title="Israeli war crimes in the Gaza war">by Israel</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atrocity_crimes_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Atrocity crimes during the Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_situation_during_the_war_in_Donbas" title="Humanitarian situation during the war in Donbas">War in Donbas</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Sino-Japanese_War" title="Second Sino-Japanese War">Second Sino-Japanese War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_Manchukuo" title="War crimes in Manchukuo">Manchukuo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_during_the_final_stages_of_the_Sri_Lankan_civil_war" title="War crimes during the final stages of the Sri Lankan civil war">Sri Lankan civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_during_the_Sudanese_civil_war_(2023%E2%80%93present)" title="War crimes during the Sudanese civil war (2023–present)">Sudanese civil war (2023–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="War crimes in the Syrian civil war">Syrian civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_Tigray_war" title="War crimes in the Tigray war">Tigray war‎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_World_War_I" title="War crimes in World War I">World War I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_World_War_II" title="War crimes in World War II">World War II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allied_war_crimes_during_World_War_II" title="Allied war crimes during World War II">Allied</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axis_war_crimes" class="mw-redirect" title="Axis war crimes">Axis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_Yemeni_civil_war_(2014%E2%80%93present)" title="War crimes in the Yemeni civil war (2014–present)">Yemeni civil war (2014–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_Yugoslav_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="War crimes in the Yugoslav Wars">Yugoslav Wars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_Kosovo_War" title="War crimes in the Kosovo War">Kosovo War</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_trial" title="War crimes trial">War crimes trials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crime_apologia" title="War crime apologia">War crime apologia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_global_issues" title="List of global issues">List of global issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-conflict_reception_of_war_criminals" title="Post-conflict reception of war criminals">Post-conflict reception of war criminals</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th id="Other_international_crimes361" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Other <a href="/wiki/International_criminal_law" title="International criminal law">international crimes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atrocity_crime" title="Atrocity crime">Atrocity crimes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity" title="Crimes against humanity">Crimes against humanity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_of_aggression" title="Crime of aggression">Crimes of aggression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">Genocide</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div>‡ Does not apply to <a href="/wiki/Airborne_forces" title="Airborne forces">airborne forces</a> (i.e. <a href="/wiki/Paratrooper" title="Paratrooper">paratroopers</a>) <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:War_crimes" title="Category:War crimes">Category</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="International_criminal_law467" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:International_criminal_law" title="Template:International criminal law"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:International_criminal_law" title="Template talk:International criminal law"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:International_criminal_law" title="Special:EditPage/Template:International criminal law"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="International_criminal_law467" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/International_criminal_law" title="International criminal law">International criminal law</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sources_of_international_law" title="Sources of international law">Sources</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Customary_international_law" title="Customary international law">Customary international law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geneva_Conventions" title="Geneva Conventions">Geneva Conventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hague_Conventions_of_1899_and_1907" title="Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907">Hague Conventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_legal_theories" title="International legal theories">International legal theories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_Charter" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuremberg Charter">Nuremberg Charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_principles" title="Nuremberg principles">Nuremberg principles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peremptory_norm" title="Peremptory norm">Peremptory norm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charter_of_the_United_Nations" title="Charter of the United Nations">United Nations Charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genocide_Convention" title="Genocide Convention">Genocide Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Convention_against_Corruption" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Convention against Corruption">Convention against Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Convention_Against_Transnational_Organized_Crime" title="United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime">Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Convention_Against_Torture" title="United Nations Convention Against Torture">Convention Against Torture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rome_Statute" title="Rome Statute">Rome Statute</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/International_criminal_law" title="International criminal law">Crimes against international law</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity" title="Crimes against humanity">Crimes against humanity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_of_aggression" title="Crime of aggression">Crime of aggression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_of_apartheid" title="Crime of apartheid">Crime of apartheid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">Genocide</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genocidal_intent" title="Genocidal intent">Genocidal intent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incitement_to_genocide" title="Incitement to genocide">Incitement to genocide</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piracy" title="Piracy">Piracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_slavery" title="History of slavery">Slave trading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starvation_(crime)" title="Starvation (crime)">Starvation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crime" title="War crime">War crime</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/International_court" title="International court">International courts</a> (in order of foundation)</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_trials" title="Nuremberg trials">International Military Tribunal (Nuremberg Trials)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Military_Tribunal_for_the_Far_East" title="International Military Tribunal for the Far East">International Military Tribunal for the Far East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia" title="International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia">International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_Rwanda" title="International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda">International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Court_for_Sierra_Leone" title="Special Court for Sierra Leone">Special Court for Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmer_Rouge_Tribunal" title="Khmer Rouge Tribunal">Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Panels_for_Serious_Crimes_(East_Timor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Panels for Serious Crimes (East Timor)">Special Panels of the Dili District Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Tribunal_for_Lebanon" title="Special Tribunal for Lebanon">Special Tribunal for Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Residual_Mechanism_for_Criminal_Tribunals" title="International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals">International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International anti-crime bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Global_Initiative_Against_Transnational_Organized_Crime" title="Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime">Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Association_of_Anti-Corruption_Authorities" title="International Association of Anti-Corruption Authorities">International Association of Anti-Corruption Authorities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Congress_on_Crime_Prevention_and_Criminal_Justice" title="United Nations Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice">UN Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Office_on_Drugs_and_Crime" title="United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime">UN Office on Drugs and Crime</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Command_responsibility" title="Command responsibility">Command responsibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior_orders" title="Superior orders">Superior orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_criminal_enterprise" title="Joint criminal enterprise">Joint criminal enterprise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_humanitarian_law" title="International humanitarian law">International humanitarian law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_speech_crimes" title="International speech crimes">International speech crimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_jurisdiction" title="Universal jurisdiction">Universal jurisdiction</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=War_crimes_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine&oldid=1275922852">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=War_crimes_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine&oldid=1275922852</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a 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