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lighting</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: urban lighting"> <meta name="keywords" content="urban lighting"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="urban lighting"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 4052</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: urban lighting</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4052</span> Design of Smart Urban Lighting by Using Social Sustainability Approach </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsen%20Noroozi">Mohsen Noroozi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Khalili"> Maryam Khalili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Creating cities, objects and spaces that are economically, environmentally and socially sustainable and which meet the challenge of social interaction and generation change will be one of the biggest tasks of designers. Social sustainability is about how individuals, communities and societies live with each other and set out to achieve the objectives of development model which they have chosen for themselves. Urban lightning as one of the most important elements of urban furniture that people constantly interact with it in public spaces; can be a significant object for designers. Using intelligence by internet of things for urban lighting makes it more interactive in public environments. It can encourage individuals to carry out appropriate behaviors and provides them the social awareness through new interactions. The greatest strength of this technology is its strong impact on many aspects of everyday life and users' behaviors. The analytical phase of the research is based on a multiple method survey strategy. Smart lighting proposed in this paper is an urban lighting designed on results obtained from a collective point of view about the social sustainability. In this paper, referring to behavioral design methods, the social behaviors of the people has been studied. Data show that people demands for a deeper experience of social participation, safety perception and energy saving with the meaningful use of interactive and colourful lighting effects. By using intelligent technology, some suggestions are provided in the field of future lighting to consider the new forms of social sustainability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavior%20pattern" title="behavior pattern">behavior pattern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internet%20of%20things" title=" internet of things"> internet of things</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20sustainability" title=" social sustainability"> social sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20lighting" title=" urban lighting"> urban lighting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91204/design-of-smart-urban-lighting-by-using-social-sustainability-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91204.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">197</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4051</span> Optimal Energy Consumption with Semiconductor Lamps</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pejman%20Hosseiniun">Pejman Hosseiniun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rose%20Shayeghi"> Rose Shayeghi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Farzaneh"> Alireza Farzaneh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abolghasem%20Ghasempour"> Abolghasem Ghasempour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Using LED lamps as lighting resources with new technology in designing lighting systems has been studied in this article. In this respect a history of LED emergence, its different manufacturing methods and technologies were revised, then their structure, light production line, its application and benefits in lighting industry has been evaluated. Finally, there is a comparison between these lamps and ordinary lamps to assess light parameters as well as energy consumption using DIALux software. Considering the results of analogies LED lamps have lower consumption and more lighting yield, therefore they are more economically feasible. Color variety, longer usage lap (circa 10 years) and compatibility with DC voltages are other LED lamps perquisites. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LED" title="LED">LED</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lighting%20efficiency" title=" lighting efficiency"> lighting efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lighting%20intensity" title=" lighting intensity"> lighting intensity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=luminance" title=" luminance"> luminance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30378/optimal-energy-consumption-with-semiconductor-lamps" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30378.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">595</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4050</span> Effects of LED Lighting on Visual Comfort with Respect to the Reading Task</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ay%C5%9Fe%20Nihan%20Avc%C4%B1">Ayşe Nihan Avcı</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C4%B0pek%20Memiko%C4%9Flu"> İpek Memikoğlu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lighting systems in interior architecture need to be designed according to the function of the space, the type of task within the space, user comfort and needs. Desired and comfortable lighting levels increase task efficiency. When natural lighting is inadequate in a space, artificial lighting is additionally used to support the level of light. With the technological developments, the characteristics of light are being researched comprehensively and several business segments have focused on its qualitative and quantitative characteristics. These studies have increased awareness and usage of artificial lighting systems and researchers have investigated the effects of lighting on physical and psychological aspects of human in various ways. The aim of this study is to research the effects of illuminance levels of LED lighting on user visual comfort. Eighty participants from the Department of Interior Architecture of Çankaya University participated in three lighting scenarios consisting of 200 lux, 500 lux and 800 lux that are created with LED lighting. Each lighting scenario is evaluated according to six visual comfort criteria in which a reading task is performed. The results of the study indicated that LED lighting with three different illuminance levels affect visual comfort in different ways. The results are limited to the participants and questions that are attended and used in this study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=illuminance%20levels" title="illuminance levels">illuminance levels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LED%20lighting" title=" LED lighting"> LED lighting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reading%20task" title=" reading task"> reading task</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20comfort%20criteria" title=" visual comfort criteria"> visual comfort criteria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72052/effects-of-led-lighting-on-visual-comfort-with-respect-to-the-reading-task" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72052.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">255</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4049</span> Measurement and Evaluation of Outdoor Lighting Environment at Night in Residential Community in China: A Case Study of Hangzhou</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiantao%20Weng">Jiantao Weng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yujie%20Zhao"> Yujie Zhao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the improvement of living quality and demand for nighttime activities in China, the current situation of outdoor lighting environment at night needs to be assessed. Lighting environment at night plays an important role to guarantee night safety. Two typical residential communities in Hangzhou were selected. A comprehensive test method of outdoor lighting environment at night was established. The road, fitness area, landscape, playground and entrance were included. Field measurements and questionnaires were conducted in these two residential communities. The characteristics of residents’ habits and the subjective evaluation on different aspects of outdoor lighting environment at night were collected via questionnaire. A safety evaluation system on the outdoor lighting environment at night in the residential community was established. The results show that there is a big difference in illumination in different areas. The lighting uniformities of roads cannot meet the requirement of lighting standard in China. Residents pay more attention to the lighting environment of the fitness area and road than others. This study can provide guidance for the design and management of outdoor lighting environment at night. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residential%20community" title="residential community">residential community</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lighting%20environment" title=" lighting environment"> lighting environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=night" title=" night"> night</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=field%20measurement" title=" field measurement"> field measurement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109702/measurement-and-evaluation-of-outdoor-lighting-environment-at-night-in-residential-community-in-china-a-case-study-of-hangzhou" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109702.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">165</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4048</span> Sustainable Lighting Solutions in Residential Interiors to Combat the Ever-Growing Problem of Environmental Degradation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ankita%20Sharma">Ankita Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reenu%20Singh"> Reenu Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to conserve the ecology and the environment, there is a need to focus on sustainable lighting solutions such as LED bulbs instead of incandescent bulbs, candle-powered lamps, self-cooling smart bulbs, and many more, that are both eco-friendly and practical. This paper focuses on such sustainable solutions to lighting, which will have a major positive impact on the environment in the coming future. A questionnaire survey was conducted to note the responses of people living in high-rise buildings in metropolitan cities with regards to such sustainable lighting choices in their homes. The result of such questionnaire survey has helped to design parameters which are used to ideate design interventions in this field of sustainable lighting choices. This paper includes proposals to facilitate the reduction of electric power in interior lighting through various lighting accessory design interventions. Thus, such design interventions will allow us to design more sustainable interior spaces, and renewable energy strategies can be developed in the field of lighting, which will not only help to save energy but also positively affect other aspects of human well-being such as productivity, heritage conservation and economic well-being too! <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable" title="sustainable">sustainable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interior%20lighting" title=" interior lighting"> interior lighting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lighting%20design" title=" lighting design"> lighting design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20impact" title=" environmental impact"> environmental impact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metropolitan%20cities" title=" metropolitan cities"> metropolitan cities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140576/sustainable-lighting-solutions-in-residential-interiors-to-combat-the-ever-growing-problem-of-environmental-degradation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140576.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">207</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4047</span> Proposing Sky Exposure Plane Concept for Urban Open Public Spaces in Gulseren Street</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pooya%20Lotfabadi">Pooya Lotfabadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In today's world, sustainability is a critical concern, particularly in the building industry, which is a significant contributor to energy consumption. Buildings must be considered in relation to their urban surroundings, highlighting the importance of collaboration between architecture and urban design. Natural light plays a vital role in enhancing a building's thermal and visual comfort and promoting the well-being of outdoor residents. Therefore, architects and urban designers are responsible for maximizing sunlight exposure in urban settings. Key factors such as building height and orientation are essential for optimizing natural light. Without proper attention, standalone projects can negatively affect their urban environment. Regulations like the Sky Exposure Plane- a virtual sloping plane that determines minimum building heights and spacing- serve as effective tools for guiding urban development. This study aims to define the Sky Exposure Plane in public open spaces, proposing an optimal angle for buildings on Gulseren Street in Famagusta, North Cyprus. Utilizing computer simulations, the research examines the role of sunlight in public streets and offers guidelines to improve natural lighting in urban planning. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20open%20space" title="public open space">public open space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sky%20exposure%20plane" title=" sky exposure plane"> sky exposure plane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=street%20natural%20lighting" title=" street natural lighting"> street natural lighting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20urban%20design" title=" sustainable urban design"> sustainable urban design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191446/proposing-sky-exposure-plane-concept-for-urban-open-public-spaces-in-gulseren-street" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191446.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">22</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4046</span> The Effect of Irradiation Distance on Microhardness of Hybrid Resin Composite Polymerization Using Light-Emitting Diodes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deli%20Mona">Deli Mona</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafika%20Husni"> Rafika Husni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this research is to evaluate the effect of lighting distance on surface hardness of light composite resin. We held laboratory experimental research with post-test only group design. The samples used are 30 disc-like hybrid composite resins with the diameter is 6 mm and the thickness is 2 mm, lighted by an LED for 20 seconds. They were divided into 3 groups, and every group was consisted by 10 samples, which were 0 mm, 2 mm, and 5 mm lighting distance group. Every samples group was treated with hardness test, Vicker Hardness Test, then analyzed with one-way ANOVA test to evaluate the effect of lighting distance differences on surface hardness of light composite resin. Statistic test result shown hardness mean change of composite renin between 0 mm and 2 mm lighting distance with 0.00 significance (p<0.05), between 0 mm and 5 mm lighting distance with 0.00 significance (p<0.05), and 2 mm and 5 mm lighting distance with 0.05 significance (p<0.05). According to the result of this research, we concluded that the further lighting distance, the more surface hardness decline of hybrid composite resin. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20resin%20hybrid" title="composite resin hybrid">composite resin hybrid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tip%20distance" title=" tip distance"> tip distance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microhardness" title=" microhardness"> microhardness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=light%20curing%20LED" title=" light curing LED"> light curing LED</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72306/the-effect-of-irradiation-distance-on-microhardness-of-hybrid-resin-composite-polymerization-using-light-emitting-diodes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72306.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">349</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4045</span> Design of a Low Cost Programmable LED Lighting System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Abeysekera">S. Abeysekera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Bazghaleh"> M. Bazghaleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20P.%20L.%20Ooi"> M. P. L. Ooi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20C.%20Kuang"> Y. C. Kuang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Kalavally"> V. Kalavally</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Smart LED-based lighting systems have significant advantages over traditional lighting systems due to their capability of producing tunable light spectrums on demand. The main challenge in the design of smart lighting systems is to produce sufficient luminous flux and uniformly accurate output spectrum for sufficiently broad area. This paper outlines the programmable LED lighting system design principles of design to achieve the two aims. In this paper, a seven-channel design using low-cost discrete LEDs is presented. Optimization algorithms are used to calculate the number of required LEDs, LEDs arrangements and optimum LED separation distance. The results show the illumination uniformity for each channel. The results also show that the maximum color error is below 0.0808 on the CIE1976 chromaticity scale. In conclusion, this paper considered the simulation and design of a seven-channel programmable lighting system using low-cost discrete LEDs to produce sufficient luminous flux and uniformly accurate output spectrum for sufficiently broad area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=light%20spectrum%20control" title="light spectrum control">light spectrum control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LEDs" title=" LEDs"> LEDs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20lighting" title=" smart lighting"> smart lighting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=programmable%20LED%20lighting%20system" title=" programmable LED lighting system"> programmable LED lighting system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78099/design-of-a-low-cost-programmable-led-lighting-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78099.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">187</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4044</span> Evaluation of Colour Perception in Different Correlated Colour Temperature of LED Lighting</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saadet%20Akbay">Saadet Akbay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ay%C5%9Fe%20Nihan%20Avc%C4%B1"> Ayşe Nihan Avcı</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The perception of colour is a subjective experience which depends on age, gender, race, cultural and educational backgrounds, etc. of an individual. However, colour perception is also affected by the correlated colour temperature (CCT) of a light source which is considered as one of the most fundamental quantitative lighting characteristics. This study focuses on evaluating colour perception in different CCT of light emitting diodes (LED) lighting. The aim is to compare the inherent colours with the perceived colours under two CCT of ‘warm’ (2700K), and ‘cool’ (4000K) LED lights and to understand how different CTT affect the perception of a colour. Analysis and specifications of colour attributes are made with Natural Colour System (NCS) which is an international colour communication system. The outcome of the study reveals the possible tendencies for perceived colours under different illuminance levels of LED lighting. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colour%20perception" title="colour perception">colour perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=correlated%20colour%20temperature" title=" correlated colour temperature"> correlated colour temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inherent%20and%20perceived%20colour" title=" inherent and perceived colour"> inherent and perceived colour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LED%20lighting" title=" LED lighting"> LED lighting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20colour%20system%20%28NCS%29" title=" natural colour system (NCS)"> natural colour system (NCS)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73007/evaluation-of-colour-perception-in-different-correlated-colour-temperature-of-led-lighting" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73007.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">268</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4043</span> The Effect of Blue Lighting on Feeding Behaviour, Growth, and Corticosterone of Broiler Chickens</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sri%20Harimurti">Sri Harimurti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diah%20Reni%20Asih"> Diah Reni Asih</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was designated to investigate the effect of intermittent and continuous blue lighting on the feeding behaviour, growth and corticosterone hormone concentration of broiler. Two thousands and seven hundreds unsexed day-old broiler were divided into three groups of lighting treatment. Each treatment consisted of three replicates of 300 birds. The treatments were ordinary lighting (C), intermittent blue lighting (IBL) and continuous blue lighting (CBL). The data were collected in the study were feeding behaviour such as feeding duration and frequency of feeding, growth rate of birds and corticosterone hormone concentration. Results showed that the CBL have significant effect (P<0,05) on duration and frequency of feeding and growth rate of birds. The CBL have the highest feeding duration, the lowest frequency of feeding that those 290.33±1.52 minutes/day, 35.58±0.50 times/day at 15 to 28 days of age.The concentration of corticosterone hormone of IBL and CBL were a significant (P<0.05) decrease. The conclusion of this study indicated that continuous blue lighting may be a good tool for improving welfare management of broiler. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blue%20light" title="blue light">blue light</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broiler%20chickens" title=" broiler chickens"> broiler chickens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corticosterone%20hormone" title=" corticosterone hormone"> corticosterone hormone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feeding%20behaviour" title=" feeding behaviour"> feeding behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth%20rate" title=" growth rate"> growth rate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71273/the-effect-of-blue-lighting-on-feeding-behaviour-growth-and-corticosterone-of-broiler-chickens" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71273.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">345</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4042</span> Highway Lighting of the 21st Century is Smart, but is it Cost Efficient?</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saurabh%20Gupta">Saurabh Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vanshdeep%20Parmar"> Vanshdeep Parmar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sri%20Harsha%20Reddy%20Yelly"> Sri Harsha Reddy Yelly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michele%20Baker"> Michele Baker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elizabeth%20Bigler"> Elizabeth Bigler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kunhee%20Choi"> Kunhee Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is known that the adoption of solar powered LED highway lighting systems or sensory LED highway lighting systems can dramatically reduce energy consumption by 55 percent when compared to conventional on-grid High Pressure Sodium (HPS) lamps that are widely applied to most highways. However, an initial high installation cost for building the infrastructure of solar photovoltaic devices hampers a wider adoption of such technologies. This research aims to examine currently available state-of-the-art solar photovoltaic and sensory technologies, identify major obstacles, and analyze each technology to create a benchmarking metrics from the benefit-cost analysis perspective. The on-grid HPS lighting systems will serve as the baseline for this study to compare it with other lighting alternatives such as solar and sensory LED lighting systems. This research will test the validity of the research hypothesis that alternative LED lighting systems produce more favorable benefit-cost ratios and the added initial investment costs are recouped by the savings in the operation and maintenance cost. The payback period of the excess investment and projected savings over the life-cycle of the selected lighting systems will be analyzed by utilizing the concept of Net Present Value (NPV). Researchers believe that if this study validates the research hypothesis, it can promote a wider adoption of alternative lighting systems that will eventually save millions of taxpayer dollars in the long-run. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lighting%20systems" title="lighting systems">lighting systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensory%20and%20solar%20PV" title=" sensory and solar PV"> sensory and solar PV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=benefit%20cost%20analysis" title=" benefit cost analysis"> benefit cost analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=net%20present%20value" title=" net present value"> net present value</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28177/highway-lighting-of-the-21st-century-is-smart-but-is-it-cost-efficient" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28177.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">352</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4041</span> The Impact of Rising Architectural Façade in Improving Terms of the Physical Urban Ambience Inside the Free Space for Urban Fabric - the Street- Case Study the City of Biskra</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rami%20Qaoud">Rami Qaoud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alkama%20Djamal"> Alkama Djamal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> When we ask about the impact of rising architectural façade in improving the terms physical urban ambiance inside the free space for urban fabric. Considered as bringing back life and culture values and civilization to these cities. And This will be the theme of this search. Where we have conducted the study about the relationship that connects the empty and full of in the urban fabric in terms of the density construction and the architectural elevation of its façade to street view. In this framework, we adopted in the methodology of this research the technical field experience. And according to three types of Street engineering(H≥2W, H=W, H≤0.5W). Where we conducted a field to raise the values of the physical ambiance according to three main axes of ambiance. The first axe 1 - Thermal ambiance. Where the temperature values were collected, relative humidity, wind speed, temperature of surfaces (the outer wall-ground). The second axe 2- Visual ambiance. Where we took the values of natural lighting levels during the daytime. The third axe 3- Acoustic ambiance . Where we take sound values during the entire day. That experience, which lasted for three consecutive days, and through six stations of measuring, where it has been one measuring station for each type of the street engineering and in two different way street. Through the obtained results and with the comparison of those values. We noticed the difference between this values and the three type of street engineering. Where the difference the calorific values of air equal 4 ° C , in terms of the visual ambiance the difference in the direct lighting natural periods amounted six hours between the three types of street engineering. As well in terms of sound ambience, registered a difference in values of up 15 (db) between the three types. This difference in values indicates The impact of rising architectural façade in improving the physical urban ambiance within the free field - street- for urban fabric. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=street" title="street">street</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20urban%20ambience" title=" physical urban ambience"> physical urban ambience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rising%20architectural%20fa%C3%A7ade" title=" rising architectural façade"> rising architectural façade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20fabric" title=" urban fabric"> urban fabric</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45805/the-impact-of-rising-architectural-facade-in-improving-terms-of-the-physical-urban-ambience-inside-the-free-space-for-urban-fabric-the-street-case-study-the-city-of-biskra" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45805.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">290</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4040</span> LED Lighting Interviews and Assessment in Forest Machines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rauno%20P%C3%A4%C3%A4kk%C3%B6nen">Rauno Pääkkönen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fabriziomaria%20Gobba"> Fabriziomaria Gobba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leena%20Korpinen"> Leena Korpinen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of the study is to assess the implementation of LED lighting into forest machine work in the dark. In addition, the paper includes a wide variety of important and relevant safety and health parameters. In modern, computerized work in the cab of forest machines, artificial illumination is a demanding task when performing duties, such as the visual inspections of wood and computer calculations. We interviewed entrepreneurs and gathered the following as the most pertinent themes: (1) safety, (2) practical problems, and (3) work with LED lighting. The most important comments were in regards to the practical problems of LED lighting. We found indications of technical problems in implementing LED lighting, like snow and dirt on the surfaces of lamps that dim the emission of light. Moreover, service work in the dark forest is dangerous and increases the risks of on-site accidents. We also concluded that the amount of blue light to the eyes should be assessed, especially, when the drivers are working in a semi-dark cab. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forest%20machines" title="forest machines">forest machines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health" title=" health"> health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LED" title=" LED"> LED</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety" title=" safety "> safety </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35492/led-lighting-interviews-and-assessment-in-forest-machines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35492.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">432</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4039</span> Domestic Led Lighting Designs Using Internet of Things</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gouresh%20Singhal">Gouresh Singhal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajib%20Kumar%20Panigrahi"> Rajib Kumar Panigrahi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we try to examine historical and technological changes in lighting industry. We propose a (proto) technical solution at block diagram and circuit level. Untapped and upcoming technologies such as Cloud and 6LoWPAN are further explored. The paper presents a robust hardware realistic design. A mobile application is also provided to provide last mile user interface. The paper highlights the current challenges to be faced and concludes with a pragmatic view of lighting industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=6lowpan" title="6lowpan">6lowpan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internet%20of%20things" title=" internet of things"> internet of things</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20application" title=" mobile application"> mobile application</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=led" title=" led"> led</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31125/domestic-led-lighting-designs-using-internet-of-things" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31125.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">571</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4038</span> Evolving Urban Landscapes: Smart Cities and Sustainable Futures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehrzad%20Soltani">Mehrzad Soltani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pegah%20Rezaei"> Pegah Rezaei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In response to the escalating challenges posed by resource scarcity, urban congestion, and the dearth of green spaces, contemporary urban areas have undergone a remarkable transformation into smart cities. This evolution necessitates a strategic and forward-thinking approach to urban development, with the primary objective of diminishing and eventually eradicating dependence on non-renewable energy sources. This steadfast commitment to sustainable development is geared toward the continual enhancement of our global urban milieu, ensuring a healthier and more prosperous environment for forthcoming generations. This transformative vision has been meticulously shaped by an extensive research framework, incorporating in-depth field studies and investigations conducted at both neighborhood and city levels. Our holistic strategy extends its purview to encompass major cities and states, advocating for the realization of exceptional development firmly rooted in the principles of sustainable intelligence. At its core, this approach places a paramount emphasis on stringent pollution control measures, concurrently safeguarding ecological equilibrium and regional cohesion. Central to the realization of this vision is the widespread adoption of environmentally friendly materials and components, championing the cultivation of plant life and harmonious green spaces, and the seamless integration of intelligent lighting and irrigation systems. These systems, including solar panels and solar energy utilization, are deployed wherever feasible, effectively meeting the essential lighting and irrigation needs of these dynamic urban ecosystems. Overall, the transformation of urban areas into smart cities necessitates a holistic and innovative approach to urban development. By actively embracing sustainable intelligence and adhering to strict environmental standards, these cities pave the way for a brighter and more sustainable future, one that is marked by resilient, thriving, and eco-conscious urban communities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20city" title="smart city">smart city</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20urban" title=" green urban"> green urban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20management" title=" urban management"> urban management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173980/evolving-urban-landscapes-smart-cities-and-sustainable-futures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173980.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4037</span> Information Exchange Process Analysis between Authoring Design Tools and Lighting Simulation Tools</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rudan%20Xue">Rudan Xue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Annika%20Moscati"> Annika Moscati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rehel%20Zeleke%20Kebede"> Rehel Zeleke Kebede</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Johansson"> Peter Johansson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Successful buildings’ simulation and analysis inevitably require information exchange between multiple building information modeling (BIM) software. The BIM infor-mation exchange based on IFC is widely used. However, Industry Foundation Classifi-cation (IFC) files are not always reliable and information can get lost when using dif-ferent software for modeling and simulations. In this research, interviews with lighting simulation experts and a case study provided by a company producing lighting devices have been the research methods used to identify the necessary steps and data for suc-cessful information exchange between lighting simulation tools and authoring design tools. Model creation, information exchange, and model simulation have been identi-fied as key aspects for the success of information exchange. The paper concludes with recommendations for improved information exchange and more reliable simulations that take all the needed parameters into consideration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BIM" title="BIM">BIM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20exchange" title=" data exchange"> data exchange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interoperability%20issues" title=" interoperability issues"> interoperability issues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lighting%20simulations" title=" lighting simulations"> lighting simulations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134407/information-exchange-process-analysis-between-authoring-design-tools-and-lighting-simulation-tools" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134407.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">243</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4036</span> Energy Efficient Lighting in Educational Buildings through the Example of a High School in Istanbul</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nihan%20Gurel%20Ulusan">Nihan Gurel Ulusan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is obvious that electrical energy, which is an inseparable part of modern day’s human and also the most important power source of our age, should be generated on a level that will suffice the nation’s requirements. The electrical energy used for a sustainable architectural design should be reduced as much as possible. Designing the buildings as energy efficient systems which aim at reducing the artificial illumination loads has been a current subject of our times as a result of concepts gaining importance like conscious consumption of energy sources, environment-friendly designs and sustainability. Reducing the consumption of electrical energy regarding the artificial lighting carries great significance, especially in the volumes which are used all day long like the educational buildings. Starting out with such an aim in this paper, the educational buildings are explored in terms of energy efficient lighting. Firstly, illumination techniques, illumination systems, light sources, luminaries, illumination controls and 'efficient energy' usage in lighting are mentioned. In addition, natural and artificial lighting systems used in educational buildings and also the spaces building up these kind buildings are examined in terms of energy efficient lighting. Lastly, the illumination properties of the school sample chosen for this study, Kağıthane Anadolu Lisesi, a typical high school in Istanbul, is observed. Suggestions are made in order to improve the system by evaluating the illumination properties of the classes with the survey carried out with the users. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20buildings" title="educational buildings">educational buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficient" title=" energy efficient"> energy efficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=illumination%20techniques" title=" illumination techniques"> illumination techniques</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lighting" title=" lighting"> lighting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64601/energy-efficient-lighting-in-educational-buildings-through-the-example-of-a-high-school-in-istanbul" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64601.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">283</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4035</span> Contribution to the Success of the Energy Audit in the Industrial Environment: A Case Study about Audit of Interior Lighting for an Industrial Site in Morocco </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelkarim%20Ait%20Brik">Abdelkarim Ait Brik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelaziz%20Khoukh"> Abdelaziz Khoukh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20Jammali"> Mustapha Jammali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Chaikhy"> Hamid Chaikhy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The energy audit is the essential initial step to ensure a good definition of energy control actions. The in-depth study of the various energy-consuming equipments makes it possible to determine the actions and investments with best cost for the company. The analysis focuses on the energy consumption of production equipment and utilities (lighting, heating, air conditioning, ventilation, transport). Successful implementation of this approach requires, however, to take into account a number of prerequisites. This paper proposes a number of useful recommendations concerning the energy audit in order to achieve better results, and a case study concerning the lighting audit of a Moroccan company by showing the gains that can be made through this audit. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20audit" title="energy audit">energy audit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20diagnosis" title=" energy diagnosis"> energy diagnosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumption" title=" consumption"> consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electricity" title=" electricity"> electricity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title=" energy efficiency"> energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lighting%20audit" title=" lighting audit"> lighting audit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77563/contribution-to-the-success-of-the-energy-audit-in-the-industrial-environment-a-case-study-about-audit-of-interior-lighting-for-an-industrial-site-in-morocco" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77563.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">697</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4034</span> Lighting Consumption Analysis in Retail Industry: Comparative Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elena%20C.%20Tama%C5%9F">Elena C. Tamaş</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gra%C8%9Biela%20M.%20%C8%9A%C3%A2rlea"> Grațiela M. Țârlea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gianni%20Flamaropol"> Gianni Flamaropol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Drago%C8%99%20Hera"> Dragoș Hera</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article is referring to a comparative study regarding the electrical energy consumption for lighting on diverse types of big sizes commercial buildings built in Romania after 2007, having 3, 4, 5 versus 8, 9, 10 operational years. Some buildings have installed building management systems (BMS) to monitor also the lighting performances starting with the opening days till the present days but some have chosen only local meters to implement. Firstly, for each analyzed building, the total required energy power and the energy power consumption for lighting were calculated depending on the lamps number, the unit power and the average daily running hours. All objects and installations were chosen depending on the destination/location of the lighting (exterior parking or access, interior or covering parking, building interior and building perimeter). Secondly, to all lighting objects and installations, mechanical counters were installed, and to the ones linked to BMS there were installed the digital meters as well for a better monitoring. Some efficient solutions are proposed to improve the power consumption, for example the 1/3 lighting functioning for the covered and exterior parking lighting to those buildings if can be done. This type of lighting share can be performed on each level, especially on the night shifts. Another example is to use the dimmers to reduce the light level, depending on the executed work in the respective area, and a 30% power energy saving can be achieved. Using the right BMS to monitor, the energy consumption depending on the average operational daily hours and changing the non-performant unit lights with the ones having LED technology or economical ones might increase significantly the energy performances and reduce the energy consumption of the buildings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=commercial%20buildings" title="commercial buildings">commercial buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20performances" title=" energy performances"> energy performances</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lightning%20consumption" title=" lightning consumption"> lightning consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maintenance" title=" maintenance"> maintenance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87454/lighting-consumption-analysis-in-retail-industry-comparative-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87454.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">261</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4033</span> Reimagining the Potential of Street Lighting Infrastructure in Nairobi City</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Clifford%20Otieno%20Ochieng">Clifford Otieno Ochieng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nsenda%20Lukumwena"> Nsenda Lukumwena</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cities worldwide and most notably those in the global south, including Nairobi City are experiencing accelerated population growth and urban sprawl, accompanied with multiple socioeconomic challenges’ which in turn increase the pressure on already limited infrastructure such as public lighting and on limited financial resources. Based on this premise, through reimaging the value of street lighting infrastructure, the study attempts to highlight the affordance and affordability of streetlights and suggests them as a tool to optimally address limited financial resources that characterize cities in the global south. As a methodology, the paper reviews and analyzes literature available online including Nairobi city budgets; reports from Kenya Power, World Health Organization and United Nations; and articles on enterprise level Internet of Things (IoT) solutions. In conclusion, this study illustrates that streetlights can go well beyond their traditional roles of illuminating cities at night. They can be as suggested in this paper charging stations, communication network terminals and disease prevention nodes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=affordance" title="affordance">affordance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nairobi" title=" Nairobi"> Nairobi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developing%20economies" title=" developing economies"> developing economies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IoT" title=" IoT"> IoT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20street%20lights" title=" smart street lights"> smart street lights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20cities" title=" smart cities"> smart cities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94400/reimagining-the-potential-of-street-lighting-infrastructure-in-nairobi-city" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94400.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">186</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4032</span> Investigation of the Perceptional Quality of Nightscape in the Urban Space: A Case Study of Mashhad Koohsangi Axis in Iran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahimeh%20Khatami">Fahimeh Khatami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Ziyaee"> Maryam Ziyaee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Sanagar%20Darbani"> Elham Sanagar Darbani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Variety of different factors could influence on the measure urban perception. Both physical and non-physical factors, at least, make the quality of perception through the urban spaces. The value of lighting is one of the important factors which could make the better quality of environmental perception for the user. The perception of urban space in most of the Iranian cities is offer by different factors during the night time which caused to the death of nightlife and social activities. Therefore, this research is an attempt to study on the different of user perception during day and night in the Koohsangi Street. As the case study area in Iran in order to bring out the main influential factors during perception process. To deal with this good we used chi-square test on a sample size made up of on hundred participants. The result shows that for improving the night quality of urban spaces the legibility, navigation, and role stimulation were in important perception factors. Therefore, by focusing on these factors it would be possible to find out more functional solution for improving the activity of night perception. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perception" title="perception">perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20space" title=" urban space"> urban space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=legibility" title=" legibility"> legibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imageability" title=" imageability"> imageability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nightscape" title=" nightscape"> nightscape</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46737/investigation-of-the-perceptional-quality-of-nightscape-in-the-urban-space-a-case-study-of-mashhad-koohsangi-axis-in-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46737.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">315</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4031</span> The Effects of Lighting Environments on the Perception and Psychology of Consumers of Different Genders in a 3C Retail Store</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu-Fong%20Lin">Yu-Fong Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main purpose of this study is to explore the impact of different lighting arrangements that create different visual environments in a 3C retail store on the perception, psychology, and shopping tendencies of consumers of different genders. In recent years, the ‘emotional shopping’ model has been widely accepted in the consumer market; in addition to the emotional meaning and value of a product, the in-store ‘shopping atmosphere’ has also been increasingly regarded as significant. The lighting serves as an important environmental stimulus that influences the atmosphere of a store. Altering the lighting can change the color, the shape, and the atmosphere of a space. A successful retail lighting design can not only attract consumers’ attention and generate their interest in various goods, but it can also affect consumers’ shopping approach, behavior, and desires. 3C electronic products have become mainstream in the current consumer market. Consumers of different genders may demonstrate different behaviors and preferences within a 3C store environment. This study tests the impact of a combination of lighting contrasts and color temperatures in a 3C retail store on the visual perception and psychological reactions of consumers of different genders. The research design employs an experimental method to collect data from subjects and then uses statistical analysis adhering to a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design to identify the influences of different lighting environments. This study utilizes virtual reality technology as the primary method by which to create four virtual store lighting environments. The four lighting conditions are as follows: high contrast/cool tone, high contrast/warm tone, low contrast/cool tone, and low contrast/warm tone. Differences in the virtual lighting and the environment are used to test subjects’ visual perceptions, emotional reactions, store satisfaction, approach-avoidance intentions, and spatial atmosphere preferences. The findings of our preliminary test indicate that female subjects have a higher pleasure response than male subjects in a 3C retail store. Based on the findings of our preliminary test, the researchers modified the contents of the questionnaires and the virtual 3C retail environment with different lighting conditions in order to conduct the final experiment. The results will provide information about the effects of retail lighting on the environmental psychology and the psychological reactions of consumers of different genders in a 3C retail store lighting environment. These results will enable useful practical guidelines about creating 3C retail store lighting and atmosphere for retailers and interior designers to be established. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3C%20retail%20store" title="3C retail store">3C retail store</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20stimuli" title=" environmental stimuli"> environmental stimuli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lighting" title=" lighting"> lighting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20reality" title=" virtual reality"> virtual reality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45160/the-effects-of-lighting-environments-on-the-perception-and-psychology-of-consumers-of-different-genders-in-a-3c-retail-store" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45160.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">390</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4030</span> Effect of Architecture and Operating Conditions of Vehicle on Bulb Lifetime in Automotive</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hatice%20%C3%96zbek">Hatice Özbek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caner%20%C3%87il"> Caner Çil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmet%20Rodoplu"> Ahmet Rodoplu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Automotive lighting is the leading function in the configuration of vehicle architecture. Especially headlights and taillights from external lighting functions are among the structures that determine the stylistic character of the vehicle. At the same time, the fact that lighting functions are related to many other functions brings along difficulties in design. Customers expect maximum quality from the vehicle. In these circumstances, it is necessary to make designs that aim to keep the performance of bulbs with limited working lives at the highest level. With this study, the factors that influence the working lives of filament lamps were examined and bulb explosions that can occur sooner than anticipated in the future were prevented while the vehicle was still in the design phase by determining the relations with electrical, dynamical and static variables. Especially the filaments of the bulbs used in the front lighting of the vehicle are deformed in a shorter time due to the high voltage requirement. In addition to this, rear lighting lamps vibrate as a result of the tailgate opening and closing and cause the filaments to be exposed to high stress. With this study, the findings that cause bulb explosions were evaluated. Among the most important findings: 1. The structure of the cables to the lighting functions of the vehicle and the effect of the voltage values are drawn; 2. The effect of the vibration to bulb throughout the life of the vehicle; 3 The effect of the loads carried to bulb while the vehicle doors are opened and closed. At the end of the study, the maximum performance was established in the bulb lifetimes with the optimum changes made in the vehicle architecture based on the findings obtained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vehicle%20architecture" title="vehicle architecture">vehicle architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automotive%20lighting%20functions" title=" automotive lighting functions"> automotive lighting functions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=filament%20lamps" title=" filament lamps"> filament lamps</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bulb%20lifetime" title=" bulb lifetime"> bulb lifetime</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107957/effect-of-architecture-and-operating-conditions-of-vehicle-on-bulb-lifetime-in-automotive" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107957.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4029</span> PV Module as a Design Element of Barriers for Protection against Noise</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Budimir%20S.%20Sudimac">Budimir S. Sudimac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andjela%20N.%20Dubljevic"> Andjela N. Dubljevic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of thisresearch paper is to consider possibilities for improving the street lighting on the E75 highway, which passes through Serbia, using renewable sources of energy. In this paper, we analyzed the possibilities for installing sound barriers along the highway and integrating photovoltaic (PV) modules, which would generate electrical energy to power the lighting on the section of the highway running through Belgrade. The main aim of this paper is to analyze, show and promote innovative, hybrid, multi-functional solar technology using PV modules as an element of sound barriers in urban areas. The paper seeks to show the hybridity of using sustainable technologies in solving environmental issues. This structure solves the problem of noise in populated areas and provides the electricity from renewable source. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=noise" title="noise">noise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PV%20modules" title=" PV modules"> PV modules</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20energy" title=" solar energy"> solar energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sound%20barriers" title=" sound barriers"> sound barriers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27005/pv-module-as-a-design-element-of-barriers-for-protection-against-noise" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27005.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">474</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4028</span> Reducing Energy Consumption in Architectural Spaces by Optimizing Natural Light Transmission</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parisa%20Javid">Parisa Javid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In architecture, daylight contributes to humans' mental and physical well-being and reduces the consumption of fossil fuels. Accordingly, Iran's rich architecture has valuable achievements and experiences that should be recognized and introduced to the Iranian and international architecture communities. There are many ways to reduce energy consumption in buildings, but electricity accounts for a large part of that consumption. Lighting up spaces with natural light is a significant factor in reducing energy consumption and preventing electricity dissipation. Aside from being expensive, electric lighting systems cause excessive heat and physical injury (eyes). This study is based on library records and documents. Modern lighting systems are used to reduce energy consumption in the interior of a building to allow for optimal transmission of natural light. It discusses how to use natural light in architecture and the benefits of natural light in buildings. Solar energy can be used more efficiently, and electrical power can be saved in residential, administrative, commercial, and educational buildings by using new methods such as light tubes and mirror directors. Modern lighting systems, natural light, and reduced energy consumption are keywords for these systems, which quickly return their investment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modern%20lighting%20systems" title="modern lighting systems">modern lighting systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20light" title=" natural light"> natural light</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reduced%20energy%20consumption" title=" reduced energy consumption"> reduced energy consumption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150538/reducing-energy-consumption-in-architectural-spaces-by-optimizing-natural-light-transmission" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150538.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">100</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4027</span> Hybrid Dynamic Approach to Optimize the Impact of Shading Design and Control on Electrical Energy Demand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Parhizkar">T. Parhizkar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Jafarian"> H. Jafarian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Aramoun"> F. Aramoun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Saboohi"> Y. Saboohi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Applying motorized shades have substantial effect on reducing energy consumption in building sector. Moreover, the combination of motorized shades with lighting systems and PV panels can lead to considerable reduction in the energy demand of buildings. In this paper, a model is developed to assess and find an optimum combination from shade designs, lighting control systems (dimming and on/off) and implementing PV panels in shades point of view. It is worth mentioning that annual saving for all designs is obtained during hourly simulation of lighting, solar heat flux and electricity generation with the use of PV panel. From 12 designs in general, three designs, two lighting control systems and PV panel option is implemented for a case study. The results illustrate that the optimum combination causes a saving potential of 792kW.hr per year. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motorized%20shades" title="motorized shades">motorized shades</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=daylight" title=" daylight"> daylight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooling%20load" title=" cooling load"> cooling load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shade%20control" title=" shade control"> shade control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hourly%20simulation" title=" hourly simulation"> hourly simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81507/hybrid-dynamic-approach-to-optimize-the-impact-of-shading-design-and-control-on-electrical-energy-demand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81507.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">171</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4026</span> The Performance of Natural Light by Roof Systems in Cultural Buildings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Paula%20Esteves">Ana Paula Esteves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diego%20S.%20Caetano"> Diego S. Caetano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Louise%20L.%20B.%20Lomardo"> Louise L. B. Lomardo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an approach to the performance of the natural lighting, when the use of appropriated solar lighting systems on the roof is applied in cultural buildings such as museums and foundations. The roofs, as a part of contact between the building and the external environment, require special attention in projects that aim at energy efficiency, being an important element for the capture of natural light in greater quantity, but also for being the most important point of generation of photovoltaic solar energy, even semitransparent, allowing the partial passage of light. Transparent elements in roofs, as well as superior protection of the building, can also play other roles, such as: meeting the needs of natural light for the accomplishment of the internal tasks, attending to the visual comfort; to bring benefits to the human perception and about the interior experience in a building. When these resources are well dimensioned, they also contribute to the energy efficiency and consequent character of sustainability of the building. Therefore, when properly designed and executed, a roof light system can bring higher quality natural light to the interior of the building, which is related to the human health and well-being dimension. Furthermore, it can meet the technologic, economic and environmental yearnings, making possible the more efficient use of that primordial resource, which is the light of the Sun. The article presents the analysis of buildings that used zenith light systems in search of better lighting performance in museums and foundations: the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in the United States, the Iberê Camargo Foundation in Brazil, the Museum of Fine Arts in Castellón in Spain and the Pinacoteca of São Paulo. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20lighting" title="natural lighting">natural lighting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=roof%20lighting%20systems" title=" roof lighting systems"> roof lighting systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20lighting%20in%20museums" title=" natural lighting in museums"> natural lighting in museums</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comfort%20lighting" title=" comfort lighting"> comfort lighting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83267/the-performance-of-natural-light-by-roof-systems-in-cultural-buildings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83267.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4025</span> Research on Natural Lighting Design of Atriums Based on Energy-Saving Aim</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fan%20Yu">Fan Yu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An atrium is a place for natural climate exchanging of indoor and outdoor space of buildings, which plays an active role in the overall energy conservation, climate control and environmental purification of buildings. Its greatest contribution is serving as a natural light collector and distributor to solve the problem of natural lighting in large and deep spaces. However, in real situations, the atrium space often results in energy consumption due to improper design in considering its big size and large amount use of glass. Based on the purpose of energy conservation of buildings, this paper emphasizes the significance of natural lighting of atriums. Through literature research, case analysis and other methods, four factors, namely: the light transmittance through the top of the atrium, the geometric proportion of the atrium space, the size and position of windows and the material of the surface of walls in the atrium, were studied, and the influence of different architectural compositions on the natural light distribution of the atrium is discussed. Relying on the analysis of relevant cases, it is proposed that when designing the natural lighting of the atrium, the height and width of the atrium should be paid attention to, the atrium walls are required being rough surfaces and the atrium top-level windows need to be minimized in order to introduce more natural light into the buildings and achieve the purpose of energy conservation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20conservation" title="energy conservation">energy conservation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atrium" title=" atrium"> atrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20lighting" title=" natural lighting"> natural lighting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architectural%20design" title=" architectural design"> architectural design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97105/research-on-natural-lighting-design-of-atriums-based-on-energy-saving-aim" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97105.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">191</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4024</span> The Balance between the Two Characters of the Night: A Study on the Nightscape of Pei Ho Street and Yen Chow Street West in Sham Shui Po</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lei%20Danyang">Lei Danyang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lu%20Jialiang"> Lu Jialiang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As nightlife is getting richer in urban area, urban nightscape has become an increasingly important part of the urban landscape. Understanding urban nightscape from the perspective of pedestrian perception is very important to improve the livability and walkability of a city. The purpose of this study is to analyze the nightscapes of two different urban forms. The research methods are literature investigation and field investigation. From analyzing the lighting, sensory experience, and night activities, this research studies the two streets, Pei Ho Street and Yen Chow Street West in Sham Shui Po. Results revealed that the two streets are on the two extremes of the two characters of the night and a better balance needs to be found between them. Because of the different land usage and stakeholders, the two streets should play different roles in the nightscape, so their balance points are also different. On the one hand, Pei Ho Street, which has a strong commercial atmosphere, should not only retain its vitality and diversity but also ensure its function of relaxation at night; on the other hand, in Yen Chow Street West, it is necessary to develop its potential of reconnecting people with the darkness of the night while ensuring its safety. These findings may not only provide policymakers with information to help them improve the nightscape and livability of the Sham Shui Po area but also help bridge the gap between research and design. In the future, more attention should be paid to pedestrian preference and nightscape perception of vulnerable groups. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pedestrian%20perception" title=" pedestrian perception"> pedestrian perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sham%20Shui%20Po" title=" Sham Shui Po"> Sham Shui Po</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20form" title=" urban form"> urban form</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20nightscape" title=" urban nightscape"> urban nightscape</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133497/the-balance-between-the-two-characters-of-the-night-a-study-on-the-nightscape-of-pei-ho-street-and-yen-chow-street-west-in-sham-shui-po" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133497.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4023</span> Museums: The Roles of Lighting in Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fernanda%20S.%20Oliveira">Fernanda S. Oliveira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The architectural science of lighting has been mainly concerned with technical aspects and has tended to ignore the psychophysical. There is a growing evidence that adopting passive design solutions may contribute to higher satisfaction. This is even more important in countries with higher solar radiation, which should take advantage of favourable daylighting conditions. However, in art museums, the same light that stimulates vision can also cause permanent damage to the exhibits. Not only the visitors want to see the objects, but also to understand their nature and the artist’s intentions. This paper examines the hypothesis that the more varied and exciting the lighting (and particularly the daylight) in museums rooms, over space and time, the more likely it is that visitors will stay longer, enjoy their experience and be willing to return. This question is not often considered in museums that privilege artificial lighting neglecting the various qualities of daylight other than its capacity to illuminate spaces. The findings of this paper show that daylight plays an important role in museum design, affecting how visitors perceive the exhibition space, as well as contributing to their overall enjoyment in the museum. Rooms with high luminance means were considered more pleasant (r=.311, p<.05) and cheerful (r=.349, p<.05). Lighting conditions also have a direct effect on the phenomenon of museum fatigue with the overall room quality showing an effect on how tired visitors reported to be (r=.421, p<.01). The control and distribution of daylight in museums can therefore contribute to create pleasant conditions for learning, entertainment and amusement, so that visitors are willing to return. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=daylight" title="daylight">daylight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comfort" title=" comfort"> comfort</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=museums" title=" museums"> museums</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=luminance" title=" luminance"> luminance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visitor" title=" visitor "> visitor </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15202/museums-the-roles-of-lighting-in-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15202.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary 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