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id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Konventionen i Moss</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 16 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-16" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">16 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convenci%C3%B3_de_Moss" title="Convenció de Moss – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Convenció de Moss" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosskonventionen" title="Mosskonventionen – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mosskonventionen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konvention_von_Moss" title="Konvention von Moss – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Konvention von Moss" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mossi_konventsioon" title="Mossi konventsioon – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mossi konventsioon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convention_of_Moss" title="Convention of Moss – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Convention of Moss" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convention_de_Moss" title="Convention de Moss – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Convention de Moss" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convenzione_di_Moss" title="Convenzione di Moss – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Convenzione di Moss" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conventie_van_Moss" title="Conventie van Moss – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Conventie van Moss" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mossekonvensjonen" title="Mossekonvensjonen – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mossekonvensjonen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mossekonvensjonen" title="Mossekonvensjonen – nynorska" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mossekonvensjonen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uk%C5%82ad_z_Moss" title="Układ z Moss – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Układ z Moss" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conven%C3%A7%C3%A3o_de_Moss" title="Convenção de Moss – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Convenção de Moss" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Мосская конвенция – ryska" lang="ru" 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title="Kartor, flygfoton och andra data för denna plats"><span class="latitude">59°26′22″N</span> <span class="longitude">10°40′10″Ö</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Kartor, flygfoton och andra data för denna plats">59.43944°N 10.66944°Ö</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">59.43944; 10.66944</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Från Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Moss_Ironworks_main_office2005-20-03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Moss_Ironworks_main_office2005-20-03.jpg/300px-Moss_Ironworks_main_office2005-20-03.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Moss_Ironworks_main_office2005-20-03.jpg/450px-Moss_Ironworks_main_office2005-20-03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Moss_Ironworks_main_office2005-20-03.jpg/600px-Moss_Ironworks_main_office2005-20-03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Moss Järnverks administrationsbyggnad, känd som "Konventionsgården", där konventionen framförhandlades och undertecknades.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Konventionen i Moss</b> var ett fredsavtal mellan <a href="/wiki/Sverige" title="Sverige">Sverige</a> och <a href="/wiki/Norge" title="Norge">Norge</a>, som undertecknades i <a href="/wiki/Moss" title="Moss">Moss</a> den <a href="/wiki/14_augusti" title="14 augusti">14 augusti</a> <a href="/wiki/1814" title="1814">1814</a> efter <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A4ltt%C3%A5get_mot_Norge" title="Fälttåget mot Norge">fälttåget mot Norge</a>, ett kort krig på grund av Norges krav på självständighet i strid mot den union som <a href="/wiki/Danmark" title="Danmark">Danmark</a> och Sverige enats om i <a href="/wiki/Freden_i_Kiel" title="Freden i Kiel">freden i Kiel</a>. Konventionen blev i praktiken ett eldupphöravtal mellan den svenska kungen och det norska <a href="/wiki/Stortinget" title="Stortinget">Stortinget</a>. De facto utgjorde även konventionen ett fredsavtal och grunden för <a href="/wiki/Sverige_och_Norge" class="mw-redirect" title="Sverige och Norge">unionen mellan Sverige och Norge</a> som varade fram tills Norge förklarade sig självständigt år <a href="/wiki/1905" title="1905">1905</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kriget">Kriget</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konventionen_i_Moss&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Kriget" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konventionen_i_Moss&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Kriget"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Efter <a href="/wiki/Napoleonkrigen" title="Napoleonkrigen">Napoleons krig</a> 1814 befann sig Danmark-Norge på förlorarnas sida. Vid freden i Kiel, som undertecknades den 14 januari 1814, kom Norge att tillhöra kungen av Sverige. I ett försök att påverka dess öde samlade norrmännen en konstitutionell församling vid <a href="/wiki/Eidsvoll" title="Eidsvoll">Eidsvoll</a> och undertecknade Norges konstitution den <a href="/wiki/17_maj" title="17 maj">17 maj</a> 1814. En dansk prins, <a href="/wiki/Kristian_VIII_av_Danmark" title="Kristian VIII av Danmark">Kristian Frederik</a>, valdes vid samma tillfälle till kung. </p><p>Den svenska kungen <a href="/wiki/Karl_XIII" title="Karl XIII">Karl XIII</a> förkastade tanken på ett självständigt Norge och drog den <a href="/wiki/26_juli" title="26 juli">26 juli</a> samma år ut på ett fälttåg som resulterade i en attack på ön <a href="/wiki/Hvaler" class="mw-redirect" title="Hvaler">Hvaler</a> och på staden <a href="/wiki/Fredrikstad" title="Fredrikstad">Fredrikstad</a>. Den svenska armén var numerärt överlägsen, bättre utrustad och tränad samt leddes av en av <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_I" title="Napoleon I">Napoleon I</a>:s främsta generaler, den nyutnämnda svenska kronprinsen <a href="/wiki/Karl_XIV_Johan" title="Karl XIV Johan">Jean Baptiste Bernadotte</a>. En vapenvila slöts den 14 augusti 1814 i Moss. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Konventionen">Konventionen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konventionen_i_Moss&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Konventionen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konventionen_i_Moss&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Konventionen"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Under fredsförhandlingarna lovade Kristian Frederik att avstå från kravet på den norska tronen och att återvända till Danmark om Sverige accepterade den norska konstitutionen och en löst sammansatt union. Mosskonventionen innehöll fyra dokument, alla skrivna på franska med följande huvudpunkter: </p> <ul><li>Avtalet ingicks mellan den svenska kronprinsen, Jean Baptiste Bernadotte, på den svenska kungens vägnar och det norska Stortinget. Eftersom svenskarna inte erkände Kristian Frederiks krav på den norska tronen, var han inte heller en av avtalets parter.</li> <li>Det norska Stortinget skulle samlas i slutet av september eller i början av oktober för att ratificera konventionen.</li> <li>Den svenska kungen accepterade den norska konstitutionen vars ändringar endast anpassades till unionen med Sverige. Alla ändringar skulle godkännas av den norska regeringen.</li> <li>Kristian Frederik skulle avstå från alla krav på den norska tronen samt lämna Norge.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Konsekvenser">Konsekvenser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konventionen_i_Moss&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Konsekvenser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konventionen_i_Moss&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Konsekvenser"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ett <a href="/wiki/Stortinget" title="Stortinget">storting</a> samlades i Kristiania och beslutade att Norge skulle förenas med Sverige såsom "ett fritt, självständigt rike under en konung". Karl XIII godkände Norges grundlag med vissa ändringar och valdes till Norges kung den 4 november 1814.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unionen mellan Sverige och Norge godkändes av Europas makter på den stora <a href="/wiki/Wienkongressen" title="Wienkongressen">kongressen i Wien</a> 1814–1815.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Norrmännen var till en början chockade över regeringens eftergifter och när den svenska generalen <a href="/wiki/Magnus_Fredrik_Ferdinand_Bj%C3%B6rnstjerna" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnus Fredrik Ferdinand Björnstjerna">Magnus Björnstjerna</a>, som hade lett de svenska förhandlingarna, anlände till <a href="/wiki/Kristiania" class="mw-redirect" title="Kristiania">Kristiania</a>, fick han ett väldigt svalt mottagande. Norrmännen var förbittrade på sina ledare och vad de ansåg vara ett ryggradslöst militärt försvar. </p><p>Efter ett tag skiftade dock opinionen. Konventionen var en betydande förbättring jämfört med det som hade föreskrivits Danmark/Norge vid freden i Kiel. Anmärkningsvärt var att Norge inte längre skulle vara en erövring tillhörande den svenska kungen, utan vara en jämbördig part i en personalunion. Både substansen och principen av den norska konventionen accepterades, och Norge fick behålla sitt storting och sina egna institutioner. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenser">Referenser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konventionen_i_Moss&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Referenser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konventionen_i_Moss&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Referenser"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFGrimberg">Grimberg, Carl. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://runeberg.org/sfubon/8/0139.html">”137 (Svenska folkets underbara öden / VIII. 1809 års män, Karl Johans och Oskar I:s tid samt Vårt näringsliv och kommunikationsväsen under teknikens tidevarv 1809-1859)”</a>. <i><span>runeberg.org</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://runeberg.org/sfubon/8/0139.html">https://runeberg.org/sfubon/8/0139.html</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 16 november 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=137+%28Svenska+folkets+underbara+%C3%B6den+%2F+VIII.+1809+%C3%A5rs+m%C3%A4n%2C+Karl+Johans+och+Oskar+I%3As+tid+samt+V%C3%A5rt+n%C3%A4ringsliv+och+kommunikationsv%C3%A4sen+under+teknikens+tidevarv+1809-1859%29&rft.atitle=runeberg.org&rft.aulast=Grimberg&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.au=Grimberg%2C+Carl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fruneberg.org%2Fsfubon%2F8%2F0139.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Konventionen_i_Moss"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <p><span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Hämtad från ”<a dir="ltr" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Konventionen_i_Moss&oldid=55607604">https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Konventionen_i_Moss&oldid=55607604</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kategorier" title="Wikipedia:Kategorier">Kategorier</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:1814_i_Norge" title="Kategori:1814 i Norge">1814 i Norge</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:1814_i_Sverige" title="Kategori:1814 i Sverige">1814 i Sverige</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Politik%C3%A5ret_1814" title="Kategori:Politikåret 1814">Politikåret 1814</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Svenska_freder" title="Kategori:Svenska freder">Svenska freder</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Moss" title="Kategori:Moss">Moss</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Sidan redigerades senast den 7 augusti 2024 kl. 14.06.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Wikipedias text är tillgänglig under licensen <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.sv">Creative Commons Erkännande-dela-lika 4.0 Unported</a>. 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