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href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_it.wikipedia.org&uselang=it" class=""><span>Fai una donazione</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:CreaUtenza&returnto=Stupa" title="Si consiglia di registrarsi e di effettuare l'accesso, anche se non è obbligatorio" class=""><span>registrati</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Entra&returnto=Stupa" title="Si consiglia di effettuare l'accesso, anche se non è obbligatorio [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>entra</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Altre 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class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagine per utenti anonimi <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Benvenuto" aria-label="Ulteriori informazioni sulla contribuzione"><span>ulteriori informazioni</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:MieiContributi" title="Un elenco delle modifiche fatte da questo indirizzo IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>contributi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:MieDiscussioni" title="Discussioni sulle modifiche fatte da questo indirizzo IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>discussioni</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sito"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Indice" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Indice</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Storia_e_diffusione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Storia_e_diffusione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Storia e diffusione</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Storia_e_diffusione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Simbologia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Simbologia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Simbologia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Simbologia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Simbologia</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Simbologia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Simbologia_di_uno_stupa_nepalese" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Simbologia_di_uno_stupa_nepalese"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Simbologia di uno stupa nepalese</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Simbologia_di_uno_stupa_nepalese-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nomi_locali" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nomi_locali"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Nomi locali</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nomi_locali-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Stupa</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 75 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-75" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">75 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoepa" title="Stoepa - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Stoepa" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B7%D8%A8%D8%A9" title="إسطبة - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إسطبة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estupa" title="Estupa - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Estupa" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Fstup" title="Əstup - azerbaigiano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Əstup" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaigiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0_(%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0)" title="Ступа (архітэктура) - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ступа (архітэктура)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Ступа - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ступа" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%AA" title="स्तूप - Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="स्तूप" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%AA" title="স্তূপ - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="স্তূপ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Субарга - Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Субарга" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stupa" title="Stupa - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Stupa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%BApa" title="Stúpa - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Stúpa" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stupa" title="Stupa - gallese" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Stupa" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stupa" title="Stupa - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Stupa" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stupa" title="Stupa - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Stupa" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%80%CE%B1" title="Στούπα - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Στούπα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stupa" title="Stupa - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Stupa" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stupao" title="Stupao - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Stupao" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estupa" title="Estupa - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Estupa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuupa" title="Stuupa - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Stuupa" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estupa" title="Estupa - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Estupa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%BE%D8%A7" title="استوپا - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="استوپا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stupa" title="Stupa - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Stupa" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C5%ABpa" title="Stūpa - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Stūpa" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stupa" title="Stupa - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Stupa" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%94" title="סטופה - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סטופה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%AA" title="स्तूप - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="स्तूप" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stupa" title="Stupa - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Stupa" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szt%C3%BApa" title="Sztúpa - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Sztúpa" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BA%D5%A1" title="Ստուպա - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ստուպա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stupa" title="Stupa - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Stupa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%BApa" title="Stúpa - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Stúpa" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BB%8F%E5%A1%94" title="仏塔 - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="仏塔" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stupa" title="Stupa - giavanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Stupa" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="giavanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90" title="სტუპა - georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სტუპა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Ступа - kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ступа" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%85%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%99" title="ចេតិយ - khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ចេតិយ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%AA" title="ಸ್ತೂಪ - kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸ್ತೂಪ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%ED%88%AC%ED%8C%8C" title="스투파 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="스투파" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stupa" title="Stupa - latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Stupa" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C5%ABpa" title="Stūpa - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Stūpa" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C5%ABpa" title="Stūpa - lettone" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Stūpa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%82" title="സ്തൂപം - malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സ്തൂപം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Суварга - mongolo" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Суварга" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%AA" title="स्तूप - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="स्तूप" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%AA" title="स्तूप - nepalese" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="स्तूप" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoepa" title="Stoepa - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Stoepa" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stupa" title="Stupa - norvegese nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Stupa" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegese nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stupa" title="Stupa - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Stupa" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stupa" title="Stupa - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Stupa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%B9%D9%88%D9%BE%D8%A7" title="سٹوپا - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سٹوپا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estupa" title="Estupa - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Estupa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stup%C4%83" title="Stupă - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Stupă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0_(%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5)" title="Ступа (сооружение) - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ступа (сооружение)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%BD%D9%88%D9%BE%D8%A7" title="اسٽوپا - sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="اسٽوپا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stupa" title="Stupa - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Stupa" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%8A" title="දාගැබ් - singalese" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="දාගැබ්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stupa" title="Stupa - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Stupa" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stupa_(zgradba)" title="Stupa (zgradba) - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Stupa (zgradba)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stupa_(arkitektur%C3%AB)" title="Stupa (arkitekturë) - albanese" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Stupa (arkitekturë)" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Ступа - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ступа" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stupa" title="Stupa - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Stupa" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="தாது கோபுரம் - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தாது கோபுரம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%82" title="స్తూపం - telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="స్తూపం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%9B" title="สถูป - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สถูป" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stupa" title="Stupa - tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Stupa" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stupa" title="Stupa - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Stupa" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0_(%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0)" title="Ступа (архітектура) - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ступа (архітектура)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%BE%D8%A7" title="استوپا - urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="استوپا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stupa" title="Stupa - uzbeco" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Stupa" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%B9_%C4%91%E1%BB%93" title="Phù đồ - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phù đồ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stupa" title="Stupa - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Stupa" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AA%A3%E5%A0%B5%E5%9D%A1" title="窣堵坡 - wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="窣堵坡" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D2%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Суврульһан - kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Суврульһан" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AA%A3%E5%A0%B5%E5%9D%A1" title="窣堵坡 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="窣堵坡" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%88%8D%E5%88%A9%E5%A1%94" title="舍利塔 - cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="舍利塔" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q180987#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Stupa" title="Vedi la voce [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Voce</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussione:Stupa" rel="discussion" title="Vedi le discussioni relative a questa pagina [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussione</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" 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class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stupa&veaction=edit" title="Modifica questa pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stupa&action=edit" title="Modifica il wikitesto di questa pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica wikitesto</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stupa&action=history" title="Versioni precedenti di questa pagina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Cronologia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Strumenti pagine"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Strumenti" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Strumenti</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Strumenti</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Altre opzioni" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Azioni </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Stupa"><span>Leggi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stupa&veaction=edit" title="Modifica questa pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stupa&action=edit" title="Modifica il wikitesto di questa pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica wikitesto</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stupa&action=history"><span>Cronologia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generale </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:PuntanoQui/Stupa" title="Elenco di tutte le pagine che sono collegate a questa [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Puntano qui</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:ModificheCorrelate/Stupa" rel="nofollow" title="Elenco delle ultime modifiche alle pagine collegate a questa [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Modifiche correlate</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:PagineSpeciali" title="Elenco di tutte le pagine speciali [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pagine speciali</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stupa&oldid=138488451" title="Collegamento permanente a questa versione di questa pagina"><span>Link permanente</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stupa&action=info" title="Ulteriori informazioni su questa pagina"><span>Informazioni pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Cita&page=Stupa&id=138488451&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informazioni su come citare questa pagina"><span>Cita questa voce</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FStupa"><span>Ottieni URL breve</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a 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aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r130658281">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote.nota-disambigua{clear:both;margin-top:0;padding:.05em .5em}</style> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r139142988">.mw-parser-output .hatnote-content{align-items:center;display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{font-style:italic}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote{border:1px solid #CCC;display:flex;margin:.5em 0;padding:.2em .5em}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output 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title="Aiuto:Disambiguazione">Disambiguazione</a> – "Chedi" rimanda qui. Se stai cercando il regno dell'antica India, vedi <b><a href="/wiki/Chedi_(regno)" title="Chedi (regno)">Chedi (regno)</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r133964453">.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-div>div,.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-full-div>div{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-image{flex-basis:52px;flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-full-div .hide-when-compact{display:block}</style><div style="" class="ambox metadata plainlinks avviso avviso-contenuto"> <div class="avviso-immagine mbox-image noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem-important.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Voce da controllare"><img alt="Voce da controllare" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblem-important.svg/40px-Emblem-important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblem-important.svg/60px-Emblem-important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblem-important.svg/80px-Emblem-important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div> <div class="avviso-testo mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-div"><b>Questa voce o sezione  sull'argomento religione è ritenuta <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Voci_da_controllare" title="Aiuto:Voci da controllare">da controllare</a></b>. <div class="hide-when-compact"><b>Motivo</b>: <i>Traduzione approssimativa, fatta male, di una vecchia versione dell'articolo in inglese.</i> <div class="noprint"><hr />Partecipa alla <a href="/wiki/Discussione:Stupa" title="Discussione:Stupa">discussione</a> e/o <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stupa&action=edit">correggi</a> la voce. Segui i suggerimenti del <a href="/wiki/Progetto:Religione" title="Progetto:Religione">progetto di riferimento</a>.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sanchi2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Sanchi2.jpg/310px-Sanchi2.jpg" decoding="async" width="310" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Sanchi2.jpg/465px-Sanchi2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Sanchi2.jpg/620px-Sanchi2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="866" data-file-height="578" /></a><figcaption>Il <i>Grande Stupa</i> a <a href="/wiki/Sanchi" title="Sanchi">Sanchi</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Uno <b>stupa</b> (dal <a href="/wiki/Lingua_sanscrita" title="Lingua sanscrita">sanscrito</a> <i>stūpa</i><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) è un <a href="/wiki/Monumento" title="Monumento">monumento</a> <a href="/wiki/Buddismo" title="Buddismo">buddista</a>, originario del <a href="/wiki/Subcontinente_indiano" title="Subcontinente indiano">subcontinente indiano</a>, la cui funzione principale è quella di conservare <a href="/wiki/Sharira" title="Sharira">reliquie</a>. Il termine deriva dal <a href="/wiki/Lingua_sanscrita" title="Lingua sanscrita">sanscrito</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%B6rten" title="Chörten">chörten</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Lingua_tibetana" title="Lingua tibetana">tibetano</a>) che letteralmente significa "fondamento dell'offerta". È il simbolo della <a href="/wiki/Mente" title="Mente">mente</a> illuminata (la <a href="/wiki/Mente" title="Mente">mente</a> risvegliata, divinità universale) e del percorso per il suo raggiungimento. Se si usano soltanto due parole, la migliore definizione di stupa è "monumento spirituale". A livello simbolico, lo stupa rappresenta il corpo di <a href="/wiki/Buddha" title="Buddha">Buddha</a>, la sua parola e la sua mente che mostrano il sentiero dell'illuminazione. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Storia_e_diffusione">Storia e diffusione</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stupa&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Storia e diffusione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stupa&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Storia e diffusione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dall'India lo stupa si diffonde in tutta l'Asia sud-orientale, in forme e modi diversi, e in età contemporanea anche nell'Occidente. Nel <a href="/wiki/Sud-est_asiatico" title="Sud-est asiatico">sud-est asiatico</a> viene chiamato <i>chedi</i> (dal sinonimo in <a href="/wiki/Lingua_p%C4%81li" title="Lingua pāli">lingua pāli</a>); in <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> <i>dagoba</i> (dal sanscrito <i>dhatu</i>- elemento, o componente, o reliquia + <i>garbha</i> - repositorio); o <i>tope</i> (dal <i>indiu top</i>, derivato dal sanscrito stūpa, <i>una grande quantità</i>). </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stupa_and_Fuji.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Stupa_and_Fuji.jpg/310px-Stupa_and_Fuji.jpg" decoding="async" width="310" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Stupa_and_Fuji.jpg/465px-Stupa_and_Fuji.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Stupa_and_Fuji.jpg/620px-Stupa_and_Fuji.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Lo Stupa e il <a href="/wiki/Fuji_(monte)" title="Fuji (monte)">Fuji</a> a <a href="/wiki/Gotemba" title="Gotemba">Gotemba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shizuoka" title="Shizuoka">Shizuoka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giappone" title="Giappone">Giappone</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IMG_0361_Kathmandu_Bodnath.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/IMG_0361_Kathmandu_Bodnath.jpg/310px-IMG_0361_Kathmandu_Bodnath.jpg" decoding="async" width="310" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/IMG_0361_Kathmandu_Bodnath.jpg/465px-IMG_0361_Kathmandu_Bodnath.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/IMG_0361_Kathmandu_Bodnath.jpg/620px-IMG_0361_Kathmandu_Bodnath.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a><figcaption>Lo Stupa di <a href="/wiki/Boudhanath" title="Boudhanath">Boudhanath</a> a <a href="/wiki/Kathmandu" class="mw-redirect" title="Kathmandu">Kathmandu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Borobudur.Stupas.am002.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Borobudur.Stupas.am002.JPG/310px-Borobudur.Stupas.am002.JPG" decoding="async" width="310" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Borobudur.Stupas.am002.JPG/465px-Borobudur.Stupas.am002.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Borobudur.Stupas.am002.JPG/620px-Borobudur.Stupas.am002.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Lo Stupa di <a href="/wiki/Borobudur" title="Borobudur">Borobudur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Lo stupa è forse il più antico monumento religioso; in origine era un tumulo di <a href="/wiki/Sabbia" title="Sabbia">sabbia</a> o terra, spesso marcato da sassi di colore blu chiamato <i><a href="/wiki/Cairn" title="Cairn">cairn</a></i> per coprire le reliquie del Buddha. Dopo la morte del Buddha, il corpo fu <a href="/wiki/Cremazione" title="Cremazione">cremato</a> e le ceneri furono sepolte sotto otto stupa, con altri due stupa intorno all'urna e le altre ceneri. Altri stupa, come quelli a <a href="/wiki/Sarnath" title="Sarnath">Sarnath</a> e <a href="/wiki/Sanchi" title="Sanchi">Sanchi</a> (India settentrionale), sembrano abbellimenti di tumuli più antichi. Nel <a href="/wiki/III_secolo_a.C." title="III secolo a.C.">III secolo a.C.</a>, dopo la conversione al buddismo, l'imperatore indiano <a href="/wiki/A%C5%9Boka" title="Aśoka">Aśoka</a> ordinò che gli stupa originali venissero aperti e che le ceneri del grande Buddha fossero distribuite tra i mille stupa. </p><p>Gli otto stupa originali continuano a essere molto venerati. Nel corso dei secoli, a partire dal III a.C., lo stupa stesso è cambiato, diventando non solo un monumento funerario ma anche un luogo di preghiera e venerazione. Di conseguenza, è cambiata anche la sua struttura architettonica, divenendo un grande tumulo emisferico con una <i>torana</i> (ingresso), una vedica (una veranda intorno simile ai villaggi vedici), un "anda" ("uovo") e corrisponde appunto alla parte emisferica su cui poggia la <i>harmika</i> (un balcone quadrato con parapetto). Dalla harmika svettano i cosiddetti "ombrelli": essi sono dischi, sempre in <a href="/wiki/Numeri_pari_e_dispari" title="Numeri pari e dispari">numero dispari</a>, posizionati attorno a un pilastro, il pilastro cosmico. Questa espressione deriva dalle credenze <a href="/wiki/Cosmogonia" title="Cosmogonia">cosmogoniche</a> indiane pre-buddiste ed è funzionale alla genesi dello stupa. Le civiltà gangetiche credevano che in origine il mondo fosse una distesa d'acqua su cui galleggiava una zolla di terra; il dio <a href="/wiki/Indra" title="Indra">Indra</a> decise di porre fine al vagare di questa zolla di terra bloccandola con la sua arma, il Vajera, una sorta di bastone appuntito. Prendendo spunto da queste credenze, incominciarono a sorgere nel nord-est dell'India dei "monumenti sacri" costituiti da un albero piantato in mezzo a una pozza d'acqua: era il richiamo all'origine leggendaria del mondo. </p><p>Lo stupa viene costruito proprio partendo da queste basi. All'inizio si pianta un palo (il pilastro cosmico simbolo del Vajera del dio Indra), poi si inizia a costruirvi attorno fino a formare una calotta semisferica delle dimensioni più svariate. Gli ombrelli che fuoriescono dalla cima rappresentano proprio le fronde di un albero, l'albero sacro circondato da una balaustra che è l'harmika. Infatti in origine, sempre in epoca pre-buddista, venivano costruiti monumenti sacri costituiti da un padiglione che circondava un albero (tali raffigurazioni si trovano in alcuni bassorilievi). Lo stupa non è quindi un "tempio", tanto meno un monumento religioso. Bensì è una struttura sacra che riporta alla cosmogonia indiana, è la rappresentazione del <a href="/wiki/Macrocosmo_e_microcosmo" title="Macrocosmo e microcosmo">microcosmo</a>. Le sue caratteristiche architettoniche sono quindi state assorbite dal buddismo, non create da esso. Dal <a href="/wiki/I_secolo_a.C." title="I secolo a.C.">I secolo a.C.</a> lo stupa viene incorporato nel padiglione del chaitya-griha. Lo stupa più antico si trova a <a href="/wiki/Sanchi" title="Sanchi">Sanchi</a>, in <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, mentre quello più alto (127 metri) è il <a href="/w/index.php?title=Phra_Pathom_Chedi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phra Pathom Chedi (la pagina non esiste)">Phra Pathom Chedi</a> e si trova a <a href="/wiki/Nakhon_Pathom" title="Nakhon Pathom">Nakhon Pathom</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Thailandia" title="Thailandia">Thailandia</a>. </p><p>Con la diffusione del buddismo in altri paesi asiatici lo stupa si è trasformato in <a href="/wiki/Pagoda" title="Pagoda">pagoda</a>. La pagoda può avere varie forme, tra cui quella di <a href="/wiki/Piramide" title="Piramide">piramide</a> o altre. Oggi, nel sud-est asiatico, il termine stupa viene usato per indicare una struttura buddista, mentre la parola pagoda indica un edificio che potrebbe essere usato per attività laica o secolare. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Simbologia">Simbologia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stupa&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Simbologia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stupa&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Simbologia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lo stupa deve contenere i seguenti cinque elementi, che hanno un collegamento metaforico con i <a href="/wiki/Cinque_elementi" class="mw-redirect" title="Cinque elementi">cinque elementi</a> cosmici di terra, acqua, fuoco, aria e spazio: </p> <ol><li>una base quadrata</li> <li>una cupola emisferica</li> <li>una torre a cono</li> <li>una luna</li> <li>un disco circolare</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Simbologia_di_uno_stupa_nepalese">Simbologia di uno stupa nepalese</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stupa&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Simbologia di uno stupa nepalese" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stupa&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Simbologia di uno stupa nepalese"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Le_Stupa_de_Swayambhunath_(Katmandou,_N%C3%A9pal)_(8476438279).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Le_Stupa_de_Swayambhunath_%28Katmandou%2C_N%C3%A9pal%29_%288476438279%29.jpg/220px-Le_Stupa_de_Swayambhunath_%28Katmandou%2C_N%C3%A9pal%29_%288476438279%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Le_Stupa_de_Swayambhunath_%28Katmandou%2C_N%C3%A9pal%29_%288476438279%29.jpg/330px-Le_Stupa_de_Swayambhunath_%28Katmandou%2C_N%C3%A9pal%29_%288476438279%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Le_Stupa_de_Swayambhunath_%28Katmandou%2C_N%C3%A9pal%29_%288476438279%29.jpg/440px-Le_Stupa_de_Swayambhunath_%28Katmandou%2C_N%C3%A9pal%29_%288476438279%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>Gli occhi del Buddha</figcaption></figure> <p>La cupola alla base rappresenta il globo terrestre. I tredici gradini rappresentano le tredici fasi che una persona deve affrontare per raggiungere l'illuminazione. Su ogni lato dello stupa sono presenti due grandi occhi che rappresentano la <i>conoscenza</i> e la <i>compassione</i>. Sopra questi ultimi è presente il terzo occhio. Il ghirigoro poco sotto gli occhi è un simbolo nepalese (<i>ek</i>) che simboleggia l'unità<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Al di sopra degli occhi del Buddha vi è una struttura simile a un alveare con 13 livelli che rappresentano gli stadi di elevazione per raggiungere il <a href="/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana">nirvana</a>. </p><p>Le <a href="/wiki/Ruota_della_preghiera" title="Ruota della preghiera">ruote di preghiera</a> alla base dello stupa contengono al loro interno dei mantra e su queste sono incise le parole <i>om mani padme hum</i> (saluto il gioiello del loto) che i pellegrini fanno ruotare per spandere le preghiere.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alla base dello stupa all'interno di edicole dorate vi sono le statue che rappresentano i <a href="/wiki/Dhyani_Buddha" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhyani Buddha">Dhyani Buddha</a>: <a href="/wiki/Vairocana" title="Vairocana">Vairocana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ratnasa%E1%B9%83bh%C4%81va" title="Ratnasaṃbhāva">Ratnasaṃbhāva</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amitabha_Buddha" title="Amitabha Buddha">Amitabha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amocha_Siddhi" class="mw-redirect" title="Amocha Siddhi">Amocha Siddhi</a> e <a href="/wiki/Ak%E1%B9%A3obhya" title="Akṣobhya">Akṣobhya</a> e le <i><a href="/wiki/Shakti" class="mw-redirect" title="Shakti">shakti</a></i> (le consorti). Sono delle divinità che rappresentano le cinque qualità della saggezza buddista.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Si narra che quando un Buddha predica, dei <a href="/wiki/Raggi_cosmici" title="Raggi cosmici">raggi cosmici</a> vengono emanati dal terzo occhio e agiscono come messaggio per le creature celesti affinché anche loro possano scendere sulla terra e ascoltare la predica. Gli esseri inferiori all'uomo non possono raggiungere la terra e ascoltare il Buddha ma i raggi cosmici alleviano le loro sofferenze. Numerosi intagli raffiguranti il Buddha sono presenti nei quattro lati dello stupa il quale è inoltre circondato da piccole statue votive. </p><p>Ogni mattina prima dell'alba centinaia di pellegrini <a href="/wiki/Buddisti" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddisti">Buddisti</a> e <a href="/wiki/Ind%C3%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="Indù">Indù</a> salgono i 365 gradini e raggiungono lo stupa oltrepassando i due leoni scolpiti a guardia dell'entrata e cominciano una serie di giri attorno allo stupa in senso orario. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nomi_locali">Nomi locali</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stupa&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Nomi locali" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stupa&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Nomi locali"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_stupa_in_Mindroling.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Great_stupa_in_Mindroling.jpg/220px-Great_stupa_in_Mindroling.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="292" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Great_stupa_in_Mindroling.jpg/330px-Great_stupa_in_Mindroling.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Great_stupa_in_Mindroling.jpg/440px-Great_stupa_in_Mindroling.jpg 2x" data-file-width="586" data-file-height="778" /></a><figcaption>Il Grande Stupa a <a href="/wiki/Dehradun" title="Dehradun">Dehradun</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Nomi locali per lo stupa sono: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaitya" title="Chaitya">Chaitya</a> - Nepal</li> <li>Candi - Indonesia</li> <li>Chedi - Thailandia</li> <li>Chorten - Tibet e Bhutan</li> <li>Dagoba/Chaitiya - Sri Lanka</li> <li>Chedey - Cambogia</li> <li>That - Laos</li> <li>Tǎ - <a href="/wiki/Cina" title="Cina">Cina</a> (塔 letteralmente "torre")</li> <li>Tap - Corea (탑)</li> <li>Tô - Giappone (塔)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stupa&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stupa&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">«Stupa», in <i>Il nuovo Zingarelli</i>, Bologna, Zanichelli, 1983, p. 1927</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFTreccani_stupa2" class="citation testo" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/stupa2"><span style="font-style:italic;">Stupa</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Treccani.it – <a href="/wiki/Vocabolario_Treccani" title="Vocabolario Treccani">Vocabolario Treccani</a> on line</span>, Roma, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana. <small>URL consultato il 26 dicembre 2022</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> Aldo Gabrielli, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dizionari.hoepli.it/Dizionario_Italiano/parola/stupa.aspx?idD=1&Query=stupa&lettera=S"><span style="font-style:italic;">Stupa</span></a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554517">.mw-parser-output .chiarimento{background:#ffeaea;color:#444444}.mw-parser-output .chiarimento-apice{color:#EE0700}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .chiarimento{background:rgba(179,36,36,0.21);color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .chiarimento-apice{color:#b32424}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .chiarimento{background:rgba(179,36,36,0.21);color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .chiarimento-apice{color:#b32424}}</style><span class="chiarimento" title="A volte può capitare che un link presente su Wikipedia non sia più raggiungibile. Se possibile ritrova il link e inserisci il collegamento corretto, comunque non rimuovere il collegamento e inserisci il template {{Collegamento interrotto}}"></span><sup class="noprint chiarimento-apice" title="A volte può capitare che un link presente su Wikipedia non sia più raggiungibile. Se possibile ritrova il link e inserisci il collegamento corretto, comunque non rimuovere il collegamento e inserisci il template {{Collegamento interrotto}}">[<i><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Collegamenti_interrotti" title="Aiuto:Collegamenti interrotti">collegamento interrotto</a></i>]</sup>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Dizionario della Lingua Italiana</span>, Hoepli.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-1">b</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-2">c</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> <span style="font-style:italic;">Nepal</span>, Lonely Planet, 2013, p. 120-121, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-88-6639-932-2" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-88-6639-932-2">978-88-6639-932-2</a>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stupa&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stupa&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Buddhist Monuments</i> / Mitra, D. - Sahitya Samsad: Calcutta, [1971]. <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/0896844900" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-89684-490-0</a>.</li> <li><i>The stupa: sacred symbol of enlightenment</i>. - Berkeley, CA: Dharma Pub., c1997.</li> <li><i>Stupa: built and unbuilt</i> / Richard Purdy. - [Montréal, QC: Oboro, 2003]</li> <li><i>Stūpa and its technology: a Tibeto-Buddhist perspective</i> / by Pema Dorjee. - New Delhi: Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts and Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, 1996.</li> <li><i>Buddhist stupas in Asia: the shape of perfection</i> / photography, Bill Wassman; text, Joe Cummings. - London: Lonely Planet Publications, 2001.</li> <li><i>The origin and development of Stūpa architecture in India</i> / Sushila Pant. - Varanasi: Bharata Manisha, 1976.</li> <li><i>Stupa: art, architectonics and symbolism</i> / by Giuseppe Tucci; translated into English by Uma Marina Vesci; edited by Lokesh Chandra. - New Delhi: Aditya Prakashan, 1988.</li> <li><i>Psycho-cosmic symbolism of the Buddhist stūpa</i> / Lama Anagarika Govinda. - Emeryville, Calif. : Dharma Pub, c1976.</li> <li><i>The symbolism of the stupa</i> / Adrian Snodgrass. - Ithaca, N.Y. : Southeast Asia Program, Cornell University, 1985.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stupa&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stupa&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stupa_di_ghiaccio" title="Stupa di ghiaccio">Stupa di ghiaccio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagoda" title="Pagoda">Pagoda</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stupa&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stupa&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Stupas"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Stupas?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file sullo <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Stupas?uselang=it">stupa</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stupa&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stupa&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/stupa"><span style="font-style:italic;">stupa</span></a> / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/dagoba"><span style="font-style:italic;">dagoba</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180987#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style><table class="CdA"><tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Aiuto:Controllo di autorità">Controllo di autorità</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; 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