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Any sequence of three vowels is always split up into at least two syllables. Diphthongs belong to three classes: </p> <ul><li>I-diphthongs: any vowel + <i>i</i>, which is a diphthong regardless of its position</li> <li>U-diphthongs: <i>au</i>, <i>eu</i>, <i>iu</i>, <i>ou</i>, <i>äy</i>, <i>ey</i>, <i>iy</i>, <i>öy</i>, which are diphthongs (according to the standard rules) if <ul><li>word-initial (including within compounds), or</li> <li>in an open syllable (a syllable without a consonantal coda)</li></ul></li> <li>opening diphthongs <i>ie</i>, <i>uo</i>, <i>yö</i>, which are diphthongs only if word-initial (including within compounds)</li></ul> <p>Any diphthong may however be broken either explicitly or implicitly, in which case it will not be a diphthong, but a vowel sequence with a hiatus. Explicit breaking refers to an orthographical symbol like the <a href="/wiki/%27#Finnish" title="'">apostrophe</a> (’ or '), while implicit breaking refers to optional breaking if the two vowels are broken by a -∅- (i.e. the weak grade of a consonant like <i>-k-</i> that may disappear altogether). For example, the genitive of <i class="Latn mention" lang="fi"><a href="/wiki/haku#Finnish" title="haku">haku</a></i> (weak stem <i>ha(∅)u-</i>), <i class="Latn mention" lang="fi">haun</i>, may be either usually two syllables (<span class="Latn" lang="fi">ha‧un</span>) or a single syllable (<span class="Latn" lang="fi">haun</span>). Implicit breaks generally only apply to inflections, but not to derivations (<i class="Latn mention" lang="fi"><a href="/wiki/laki#Finnish" title="laki">laki</a></i> > genitive <i class="Latn mention" lang="fi"><a href="/wiki/lain#Finnish" title="lain">lain</a></i> = <span class="Latn" lang="fi">la‧in</span> / <span class="Latn" lang="fi">lain</span>, but <i class="Latn mention" lang="fi"><a href="/wiki/laki#Finnish" title="laki">laki</a></i> → <i class="Latn mention" lang="fi"><a href="/wiki/laiton#Finnish" title="laiton">laiton</a></i> is usually <span class="Latn" lang="fi">lai‧ton</span>). Long vowels are subject only to explicit breaking. </p><p>The rule regarding U-diphthongs is relatively recent and is codified into the standard language. It is however not observed by all dialects and speakers, and especially poems and songs may take some liberties as needed, which is also allowed by the standard language (i.e. that U-diphthongs can be arbitrary split into separate syllables or kept in the same syllable). An example of standard syllabification with U-diphthongs: <i class="Latn mention" lang="fi"><a href="/wiki/hajauttaa#Finnish" title="hajauttaa">hajauttaa</a></i> is <span class="Latn" lang="fi">ha‧ja‧ut‧taa</span>, but <i class="Latn mention" lang="fi"><a href="/wiki/hajautua#Finnish" title="hajautua">hajautua</a></i> is <span class="Latn" lang="fi">ha‧jau‧tua</span>. </p><p>Syllables never cross word boundaries in compound words (or with suffixes that are treated as parts in a compound word, like <i class="Latn mention" lang="fi"><a href="/wiki/-eleinen#Finnish" title="-eleinen">-eleinen</a></i>), but may cross morpheme boundaries with derivational affixes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_words">Foreign words</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Appendix:Finnish_hyphenation&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Foreign words"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The syllabification of loanwords with consonant clusters varies. The "generally correct" way to break clusters into syllables is to do so etymologically, but using the standard Finnish rules is always acceptable (where a syllable may only begin with a single consonant, which means that a long cluster will result in a syllable ending in many consonants). For example, <i class="Latn mention" lang="fi"><a href="/wiki/konstruktio#Finnish" title="konstruktio">konstruktio</a></i> may be either <span class="Latn" lang="fi">kon‧struk‧ti‧o</span> or <span class="Latn" lang="fi">konst‧ruk‧ti‧o</span>, and <i class="Latn mention" lang="fi"><a href="/wiki/mikroskooppi#Finnish" title="mikroskooppi">mikroskooppi</a></i> may be either <span class="Latn" lang="fi">mik‧ro‧skoop‧pi</span> or <span class="Latn" lang="fi">mik‧ros‧koop‧pi</span>. </p><p>Note that the reality of how clusters are broken into syllables when speaking may not necessarily match either of these possibilities. <i class="Latn mention" lang="fi"><a href="/wiki/konstruktio#Finnish" title="konstruktio">konstruktio</a></i> may end up being pronounced as the syllables <span class="Latn" lang="fi">kons‧truk‧ti‧o</span>. The aforementioned two syllabifications pertain more to the written word and its hyphenation. </p><p>Some words containing a three-vowel sequence of the form -<span class="orth-brac">⟨</span><span class="orth-content">Vii</span><span class="orth-brac">⟩</span>- (with <i>V</i> standing for any vowel but <span class="orth-brac">⟨</span><span class="orth-content">i</span><span class="orth-brac">⟩</span>), such as in words for certain chemical substances, split to <span class="orth-brac">⟨</span><span class="orth-content">V.ii</span><span class="orth-brac">⟩</span> rather than <span class="orth-brac">⟨</span><span class="orth-content">Vi.i</span><span class="orth-brac">⟩</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hyphenation">Hyphenation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Appendix:Finnish_hyphenation&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Hyphenation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hyphenating Finnish terms generally follows the syllabification, but there are some additional constraints: </p> <ul><li>a syllable containing a single vowel is never left on its own line, if it can be avoided: <i class="Latn mention" lang="fi"><a href="/wiki/asia#Finnish" title="asia">asia</a></i> cannot be broken (×<span class="Latn" lang="fi">a‧sia</span> and ×<span class="Latn" lang="fi">asi‧a</span> would both be highly inadvisable)</li> <li>compound words are generally broken on word boundaries (especially instead of being broken at the previous or next syllable break): <i class="Latn mention" lang="fi"><a href="/wiki/viranomainen#Finnish" title="viranomainen">viranomainen</a></i> is generally <span class="Latn" lang="fi">viran‧omainen</span>, not *<span class="Latn" lang="fi">virano‧mainen</span> or *<span class="Latn" lang="fi">vir‧anomainen</span></li> <li>if the rule above does not apply, it is preferred that a word will not be broken such that a vowel immediately follows the break: <i class="Latn mention" lang="fi"><a href="/wiki/t%C3%A4rke%C3%A4#Finnish" title="tärkeä">tärkeää</a></i> is generally <span class="Latn" lang="fi">tär‧keää</span>, not *<span class="Latn" lang="fi">tärke‧ää</span> (which is however possible if necessary)</li> <li>breaking a word at an apostrophe is not advised, but if done, the apostrophe should be omitted.</li></ul> <p>The hyphenations shown by default by Finnish pronunciation templates follow the first two rules. </p><p>The hyphen used for hyphenation comes before the break in most cases, but comes after it if the part before the break is a noun, proper noun or phrase consisting of multiple words. This lines up with the spacing rules of the <a href="/wiki/-#Finnish" title="-">hyphen</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Appendix:Finnish_hyphenation&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kielitoimistonohjepankki.fi/ohje/tavutus/">Finnish hyphenation rules (in Finnish)</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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