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Dit is echter niet verplicht." class=""><span>Account aanmaken</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Chabad" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Aanmelden</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opties" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Gebruikersmenu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_nl.wikipedia.org&uselang=nl"><span>Doneren</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:GebruikerAanmaken&returnto=Chabad" title="Registreer u vooral en meld u aan. Dit is echter niet verplicht."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Account aanmaken</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Chabad" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Aanmelden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagina's voor uitgelogde redacteuren <a href="/wiki/Help:Inleiding" aria-label="Meer leren over bewerken"><span>meer lezen</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnBijdragen" title="Bijdragen IP-adres [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bijdragen</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnOverleg" title="Overlegpagina van de anonieme gebruiker van dit IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Chabad-Lubavitch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chabad-Lubavitch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Chabad-Lubavitch</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Chabad-Lubavitch-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Chabad-Lubavitch-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Chabad-Lubavitch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Chabad-Lubavitch_in_Nederland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chabad-Lubavitch_in_Nederland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Chabad-Lubavitch in Nederland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chabad-Lubavitch_in_Nederland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Malachim" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Malachim"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Malachim</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Malachim-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zionisme" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zionisme"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Zionisme</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zionisme-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mesjichisme" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mesjichisme"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Mesjichisme</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mesjichisme-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zie_ook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zie_ook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Zie ook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zie_ook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referenties_en_noten" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referenties_en_noten"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Referenties en noten</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referenties_en_noten-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externe_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externe_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Externe links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externe_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Chabad</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 28 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">28 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%AD%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="حركة حباد – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حركة حباد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%AD%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="حركة حباد – Egyptisch Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="حركة حباد" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptisch Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chabad" title="Chabad – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Chabad" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habad_Lubavitx" title="Habad Lubavitx – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Habad Lubavitx" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chabad_Lubavi%C4%8D" title="Chabad Lubavič – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Chabad Lubavič" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Хабад – Tsjoevasjisch" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Хабад" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tsjoevasjisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chabad" title="Chabad – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Chabad" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chabad" title="Chabad – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Chabad" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%A4abad_Lubavi%C4%89" title="Ĥabad Lubaviĉ – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ĥabad Lubaviĉ" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jabad-Lubavitch" title="Jabad-Lubavitch – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Jabad-Lubavitch" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%AF" title="خبد – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خبد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chabad-Lubavitch" title="Chabad-Lubavitch – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Chabad-Lubavitch" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynastie_hassidique_Habad-Loubavitch" title="Dynastie hassidique Habad-Loubavitch – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Dynastie hassidique Habad-Loubavitch" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%93%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%97%D7%91%22%D7%93" title="חסידות חב"ד – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חסידות חב"ד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A1b%C3%A1d_Lubavics" title="Chábád Lubavics – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Chábád Lubavics" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chabad_Lubavitch" title="Chabad Lubavitch – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Chabad Lubavitch" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habad-Lubavitch" title="Habad-Lubavitch – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Habad-Lubavitch" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chabad_Lubavit%C4%8D" title="Chabad Lubavitč – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Chabad Lubavitč" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chabad-Lubawicz" title="Chabad-Lubawicz – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Chabad-Lubawicz" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chabad_Lubavitch" title="Chabad Lubavitch – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Chabad Lubavitch" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habad" title="Habad – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Habad" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Хабад – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хабад" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chabad" title="Chabad – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Chabad" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chabad_%C4%BDubavi%C4%8D" title="Chabad Ľubavič – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Chabad Ľubavič" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Хабад – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хабад" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%94" title="ХаБаД – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="ХаБаД" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%95%D7%91%D7%90%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%98%D7%A9" title="ליובאוויטש – Jiddisch" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ליובאוויטש" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%B7%B4%E5%BE%B7" title="哈巴德 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="哈巴德" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q737685#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Taalkoppelingen bewerken" class="wbc-editpage">Koppelingen bewerken</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimten"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Chabad" title="Inhoudspagina bekijken [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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lang="nl" dir="ltr"><p><b>Chabad</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Hebreeuws" title="Hebreeuws">Hebreeuws</a>: חב״ד) of <b>Lubavitch</b> (<a href="/wiki/Jiddisch" title="Jiddisch">Jiddisch</a>: ליובאוויטש, <i>Ljoebavitsj</i>) is een van de grootste <a href="/wiki/Chassidisch_jodendom" title="Chassidisch jodendom">chassidische</a> bewegingen ter wereld. Deze werd gesticht in 1775. </p><p>Het woord Chabad is een acroniem voor de woorden chochma (wijsheid), biena (verworven kennis) en da’at (kennis). De hoofdstroming van Chabad is Lubavitch, die vaak wordt aangeduid met de naam <b>Chabad-Lubavitch</b>. De namen Chabad en Lubavitch worden afwisselend gebruikt: soms een van de twee, soms beide. Het hoofdkwartier van Lubavitch is gevestigd in de wijk Crown Heights, in <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_(New_York)" title="Brooklyn (New York)">Brooklyn</a> (<a href="/wiki/New_York_(stad)" title="New York (stad)">New York</a>), waar circa 15.000 volgelingen wonen. In <a href="/wiki/Isra%C3%ABl" title="Israël">Israël</a> heeft de beweging een eigen dorp, Kfar Chabad, dicht bij de <a href="/wiki/Luchthaven_Ben-Gurion" title="Luchthaven Ben-Gurion">Luchthaven Ben-Gurion</a> bij Tel Aviv. De <b>Malachim</b>-beweging is een afsplitsing van Chabad. Andere Chabad-<a href="/wiki/Sekte" title="Sekte">sekten</a> waren Strashelye, Kopust, Liad, Niezhin, Avrutch en Liozna.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chabad-Lubavitch">Chabad-Lubavitch</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chabad&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Chabad-Lubavitch" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chabad&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Chabad-Lubavitch"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Het Chabad chassidisme werd in 1775 gesticht door Rabbi Shneur Zalman van Liadi (1745–1812). De alternatieve naam Lubavitch Chassidisme verwijst naar het plaatsje Lubavitch, waar de beweging is ontstaan.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>De Lubavitch heeft in totaal zeven spirituele leiders gehad, in het chassidisme <a href="/wiki/Rebbe" title="Rebbe">rebbe</a> genoemd. De zevende en laatste Lubavitcher rebbe, <a href="/wiki/Rabbijn" title="Rabbijn">rabbijn</a> <a href="/wiki/Menachem_Mendel_Schneerson" title="Menachem Mendel Schneerson">Menachem Mendel Schneerson</a>, is in 1994 overleden. Hij besloot, in navolging van een door zijn voorganger rabbijn Yosef Yitzchak Schneerson begonnen project, zijn volgelingen over de hele wereld te sturen om nieuwe <a href="/wiki/Jodendom" title="Jodendom">religieus-joodse</a> gemeenschappen te stichten om zo <a href="/wiki/Secularisme" title="Secularisme">seculiere</a> <a href="/wiki/Joden" title="Joden">joden</a> te motiveren <a href="/wiki/Religie" title="Religie">religieuze</a> <a href="/wiki/Mitswa" title="Mitswa">geboden</a> (<i>mitswot</i>) te volgen. Thans werken over de hele wereld verspreid ongeveer 10.000 <i>Lubavitcher chassidim</i> in de uitreikingstaak. </p><p>Na het overlijden van de zevende rebbe heeft de beweging geen nieuwe leider gekregen. De rebbe had geen zonen, en volgens velen in de beweging zou de zevende rebbe de laatste zijn voor de <a href="/wiki/Messias" title="Messias">Messias</a> zou komen. Wel is er daarna een aantal nieuwe Chabad-<a href="/wiki/Sekte" title="Sekte">sekten</a> ontstaan. De Malachim is daarvan de enige die naast de Lubavitch nog een rol van enig belang speelt. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chabad-Lubavitch_in_Nederland">Chabad-Lubavitch in Nederland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chabad&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Chabad-Lubavitch in Nederland" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chabad&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Chabad-Lubavitch in Nederland"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ook in <a href="/wiki/Nederland" title="Nederland">Nederland</a> is Lubavitch aanwezig. Circa de helft van de <a href="/wiki/Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthodox">orthodoxe</a> <a href="/wiki/Rabbijn" title="Rabbijn">rabbijnen</a> in Nederland, met name buiten <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a>, is lid van Lubavitch. In tegenstelling tot in andere landen hebben zij in Nederland geen aparte gemeenschap naast de bestaande <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_jodendom" title="Orthodox jodendom">orthodox-joodse gemeenschappen</a> gesticht; de Lubavitcher afgezanten (<i>sjlichim</i>) werken hier binnen het <a href="/wiki/Nederlands-Isra%C3%ABlitisch_Kerkgenootschap" title="Nederlands-Israëlitisch Kerkgenootschap">Nederlands-Israëlitisch Kerkgenootschap</a> (NIK), de overkoepelende organisatie van orthodox-joodse gemeenten in Nederland. </p><p>In 2015 stichtte rabbijn Moshe Stiefel in <a href="/wiki/Almere" title="Almere">Almere</a> een Chabad gemeente nadat het NIK de handdoek in de ring had gegooid. In Amsterdam is er een succesvol Beth Chabad, dat nauw samenwerkt met andere Joodse instituten. Hiermee houdt Chabad de traditie van samenwerking met andere Joodse instellingen in stand. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Malachim">Malachim</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chabad&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Malachim" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chabad&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Malachim"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De Malachim-beweging, ook gespeld als Malochim of Malukhim, is een afsplitsing van Chabad, gesticht door Rabbi Chaim Avraham Dov Ber Levine HaCohen, (1859/1860 – 1938). Hij werd bekend als "De Malach", wat "De Engel" betekent. Hij was volger van de vijfde Lubavitch-rebbe, Rabbi Sholom Dovber Schneersohn. Met haar uitgesproken <a href="/wiki/Antizionisme" title="Antizionisme">anti-zionistische</a> ideologie is de Malachim teruggekeerd naar de <a href="/wiki/Chassidisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Chassidisme">chassidische</a> moederbeweging. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zionisme">Zionisme</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chabad&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Zionisme" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chabad&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Zionisme"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De vijfde Lubavitch-rebbe Sholom Dovber Schneersohn (1860-1920) was een fel <a href="/wiki/Anti-zionist" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-zionist">anti-zionist</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Goldman-2009_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Goldman-2009-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Met de komst van de staat <a href="/wiki/Isra%C3%ABl" title="Israël">Israël</a> ging Chabad echter een van het algemene chassidisme afwijkende koers varen. In 1947 ontkenden Lubavitcher rabbi's, dat de stichting van een joodse staat iets van doen had met het religieuze verbod om vooruit te lopen op de wederkomst van de Messiah, maar slechts bedoeld was om joden te redden.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>De in het <a href="/wiki/Keizerrijk_Rusland" title="Keizerrijk Rusland">keizerrijk Rusland</a> geboren Amerikaanse zevende en laatste Lubavitch-rebbe Menachem Mendel Schneerson (1902-1994) – die naar verluidt nimmer Israël bezocht – beweerde zich niet met politiek te bemoeien<sup id="cite_ref-Stand_tall_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stand_tall-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> en nam daarmee een non-zionistische positie in. In de praktijk waren zijn ideeën echter geheel in overeenstemming met die van het religieus zionisme. Schneerson was fel tegen het opgeven van bezet Palestijns gebied in ruil voor vrede.<sup id="cite_ref-Stand_tall_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stand_tall-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chabad steunt de religieus-zionistische kolonistenbeweging.<sup id="cite_ref-Goldman-2009_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Goldman-2009-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Terwijl Lubavitch zich traditioneel afzet tegen het <a href="/wiki/Zionisme" title="Zionisme">seculiere zionisme</a>, staat het dus, in tegenstelling tot de meeste andere bewegingen in het <a href="/wiki/Charedisch_jodendom" title="Charedisch jodendom">charedische jodendom</a>, zeer vriendelijk ten opzichte van het nationaal-religieus zionisme. In tegenstelling tot andere chassidische bewegingen steunt Lubavitch de staat Israël volledig: sommige Lubavitcher chassidim dienen in het <a href="/wiki/Isra%C3%ABlische_leger" class="mw-redirect" title="Israëlische leger">Israëlische leger</a>, en de meeste Lubavitchers zijn fel tegenstander van terugtrekkingen uit de <a href="/wiki/Palestijnse_Gebieden" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestijnse Gebieden">bezette gebieden</a>, zoals in 2005 uit de <a href="/wiki/Gazastrook" title="Gazastrook">Gazastrook</a> en een gedeelte van het noordelijke deel van de <a href="/wiki/Westelijke_Jordaanoever" title="Westelijke Jordaanoever">Westelijke Jordaanoever</a>, alsmede de plannen die <a href="/wiki/Premier_(regeringsleider)" title="Premier (regeringsleider)">premier</a> <a href="/wiki/Ehud_Olmert" title="Ehud Olmert">Olmert</a> sinds begin 2006 klaar heeft liggen voor een verdere terugtrekking uit gebieden op de <a href="/wiki/Westelijke_Jordaanoever" title="Westelijke Jordaanoever">Westelijke Jordaanoever</a>. </p><p>Met name onder de mesjichistische richting onder de Lubavitchers bestaat een verschuiving naar een <a href="/wiki/Extreemrechts" title="Extreemrechts">extreemrechtse</a> religieus-zionistische <a href="/wiki/Ideologie" title="Ideologie">ideologie</a>, soms zelfs nabij de ideologie van de extreemrechtse <a href="/wiki/Kach" class="mw-redirect" title="Kach">Kach</a>-beweging. Mede om deze reden worden Lubavitchers binnen de algemene charedische wereld als afwijkend gezien: de hoofdredenen zijn echter de mesjichistische strekking en hun 'missie'werking onder niet-religieuze joden. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mesjichisme">Mesjichisme</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chabad&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Mesjichisme" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chabad&action=edit&section=5" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Mesjichisme"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>De term mesjichisme wordt hier gebruikt om het verschil duidelijk te maken met de joods-<a href="/wiki/Christelijk" class="mw-redirect" title="Christelijk">christelijke</a> beweging van de <a href="/wiki/Messiasbelijdende_Joden" class="mw-redirect" title="Messiasbelijdende Joden">Messiasbelijdende Joden</a>.</i> </p><p>In de jaren 90 raakte een groot aantal Chabad-aanhangers ervan overtuigd dat hun rebbe <a href="/wiki/Menachem_Mendel_Schneerson" title="Menachem Mendel Schneerson">Menachem Mendel Schneerson</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Messias#jodendom" title="Messias"><i>mosjiach</i></a> (messias) zou worden of zijn.<sup class="noprint nopopups"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bronvermelding#Bron_gevraagd" title="Wikipedia:Bronvermelding"><span title="Voor deze uitspraak is sinds 28 februari 2024 een bronvermelding gewenst.">[bron?]</span></a></sup> Toen hij in 1994 overleed, ontstond een aanzienlijke mesjichistische beweging. De aanhangers daarvan geloven dat de overleden rebbe weer tot leven zal komen en dan alsnog de mosjiach zal blijken te zijn. Zij accepteren, ook na zijn dood, zijn sterflijkheid niet en schrijven achter zijn naam niet het gebruikelijke acroniem <i>zatzal</i> (<i>zecher tzadik livracha</i>, moge de herinnering van deze rechtvaardige man tot zegen zijn) maar <i>shlita</i> (moge hij nog lange en aangename dagen hebben), wat alleen over levende mensen wordt gezegd, alsmede <i>mhm</i> (<i>Melech Hamosjaich</i>, koning messias). </p><p>Met name in Israël en New York is het percentage Lubavitchers dat mesjichistisch is erg hoog. </p><p>Vrijwel alle andere charedisch-joodse bewegingen verwerpen deze ideologie. Ook de algemene, officiële Chabad-Lubavitch-beweging verwerpt dit idee. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zie_ook">Zie ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chabad&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Zie ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chabad&action=edit&section=6" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Zie ook"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chassidisch_jodendom" title="Chassidisch jodendom">Chassidisch jodendom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menachem_Mendel_Schneerson" title="Menachem Mendel Schneerson">Menachem Mendel Schneerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jodendom_in_Nederland" class="mw-redirect" title="Jodendom in Nederland">Jodendom in Nederland</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chabad_offshoot_groups" class="extiw" title="en:Chabad offshoot groups">en:Chabad offshoot groups</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenties_en_noten">Referenties en noten</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chabad&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Referenties en noten" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chabad&action=edit&section=7" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Referenties en noten"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">ch uitgesproken als g; afhankelijk van de taal, wordt Chabad ook gespeld als Habad of (Spaans) Jabad</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chabad_offshoot_groups" class="extiw" title="en:Chabad offshoot groups"><i>Chabad offshoot groups</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190209123912/https://www.chabad.nl/templates/articlecco_cdo/aid/1244469/jewish/Chabad.htm"><i>Chabad Lubavitch</i></a>. Chabad Nederland (februari 2019 bekeken)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Goldman-2009-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Goldman-2009_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Goldman-2009_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ibbL2ow7gYoC&pg=PA272"><i>Zeal for Zion: Christians, Jews, and the Idea of the Promised Land</i></a>, p. 272–273. Shalom Goldman; UNC Press Books, 2009; <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-0-8078-3344-5" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-0-8078-3344-5">ISBN 978-0-8078-3344-5</a></span><br /> "The most eminent Orthodox rabbis of the first decade of the twentieth century, among them the Lubavitcher rebbe Sholom Dov Ber Schneersohn, issued powerful condemnations of political Zionism. Schneersohn, in 1903, warned that the Zionists "have made nationalism a substitute for the Torah and the commandments… After this assumption is accepted, anyone who enters the movement regards himself as no longer obliged to keep the commandments of the Torah, nor is there any hope consequently that at some time or another he will return, because, according to his own reckoning, he is a proper Jew in that he is a loyal nationalist."<br /> "... unlike almost all other Hasidic movements, Habad/Lubavitch now supports the religious Zionist settler movement, and the second is that the seventh Lubavitcher rebbe, who died in 1994, has been declared the Messiah by his followers."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chabad.org/therebbe/livingtorah/player_cdo/aid/498520/jewish/The-Lubavitcher-Rebbes-View-on-Zionism.htm"><i>The Lubavitcher Rebbe's View on Zionism</i></a>, 1947. Video chabad.org</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stand_tall-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Stand_tall_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stand_tall_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chabad.org/therebbe/livingtorah/player_cdo/aid/498519/jewish/Stand-Tall.htm"><i>Stand Tall</i></a>, 1 april 1990. Video chabad.org<br />Menachem M. Schneerson: "I don't get involved in politics"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jewishweek.timesofisrael.com/the-rebbe-from-a-personal-angle/"><i>The Rebbe, From A Personal Angle</i></a>. The New York Jewish Week, 5 juni 2014 <br /> "In regard to Israel, he vigorously opposed any negotiations that would trade land for peace, including the Camp David Accords."</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externe_links">Externe links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chabad&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Externe links" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chabad&action=edit&section=8" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Externe links"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120404021956/http://www.chabad.nl/">Chabad-Lubavitch Nederland</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201123165256/https://www.chabadantwerp.org/">Chabad-Lubavitch Antwerpen</a></li> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67679320">.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:85%;cursor:help;color:var(--color-subtle,#555)}.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding span{border-bottom:1px dotted var(--color-subtle,#555)}</style><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chabad.org">Chabad-Lubavitch wereldwijd</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chabad.info/index.php?setlang=en">Mesjichistisch site</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140616043431/https://www.jns.org/latest-articles/2014/6/9/with-a-personal-touch-rabbis-write-up-the-rebbe"><i>Rabbis write up the Rebbe</i></a>. JNS, 10 juni 2014 (Archive)</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67837862">.mw-parser-output .navigatie{position:relative;clear:both;overflow:auto;margin:1em auto -0.5em;padding:2px;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center;font-size:87%}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken{margin-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken .mw-ui-icon::before{background-size:0.9em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-links,.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{right:2px}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-groot{float:right;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:#ddeef8;padding:2px 5.5em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud{padding:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud p:first-child{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background-color"],.mw-parser-output .navigatie 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data-file-height="20" /></a></span> · <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sjabloon:Navigatie_orthodox_jodendom&action=edit" title="Sjabloon bewerken"><img alt="Sjabloon bewerken" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="Orthodox_jodendom_(Portaal)" class="navigatie-titel"><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_jodendom" title="Orthodox jodendom">Orthodox jodendom</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Portaal:Jodendom" title="Portaal:Jodendom">Portaal</a>)</small></div> <div class="navigatie-afb-groot noviewer"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Menorah7a.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Menora"><img alt="Menora" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Menorah7a.png/50px-Menorah7a.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Menorah7a.png/75px-Menorah7a.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Menorah7a.png/100px-Menorah7a.png 2x" data-file-width="133" data-file-height="112" /></a></span></div> <div class="navigatie-inhoud"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67785531">.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel{margin:0 auto 0 auto;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding-left:0.5em}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr;width:100%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:unset}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding:unset}}</style><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style=""><tbody><tr><td class="links" style=""><b>Hoofdrichtingen:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Chardal" title="Chardal">Chardal</a> · <a href="/wiki/Chassidisch_jodendom" title="Chassidisch jodendom">Chassidiem</a> · <a href="/wiki/Jeroesjalmie" title="Jeroesjalmie">Jeroesjalmie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mitnagdiem" title="Mitnagdiem">Litouws</a> · <a href="/wiki/Religieus_zionisme" title="Religieus zionisme">Mizrachie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Modern-orthodox_jodendom" title="Modern-orthodox jodendom">Modern</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sefardisch_orthodox_jodendom" title="Sefardisch orthodox jodendom">Sefardiem</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Chassidisch:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Satmar" title="Satmar">Satmar</a> · <a href="/wiki/Belz_(chassidische_gemeenschap)" title="Belz (chassidische gemeenschap)">Belz</a> · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chabad</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tzanz" title="Tzanz">Tzanz</a> · <a href="/wiki/Toldos_Aharon" title="Toldos Aharon">Toldos Aharon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dushinsky" title="Dushinsky">Dushinsky</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bobov" title="Bobov">Bobov</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pshevorsk" title="Pshevorsk">Pshevorsk</a> · <a href="/wiki/Breslov" title="Breslov">Breslov</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Orthodoxe wereld:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Lijst_van_orthodoxe_rabbijnen" title="Lijst van orthodoxe rabbijnen">Beroemde leiders</a> · <a href="/wiki/Jiddisch" title="Jiddisch">Jiddisch</a> · <a href="/wiki/Jesjiva" title="Jesjiva">Jesjiva</a> · <a href="/wiki/Beis_Yaakov" title="Beis Yaakov">Beis Yaakov (meisjesschool)</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Organisaties:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Edah_HaChareidis" title="Edah HaChareidis">Edah HaChareidis</a>        <b>België en Nederland:</b> <a href="/wiki/Joods_Antwerpen" class="mw-redirect" title="Joods Antwerpen">Joods Antwerpen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cheider" title="Cheider">Cheider</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div> <div class="interProject commons mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Chabad#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Chabad">Mediabestanden</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-groot toccolours" style="display:flex; gap:1em; align-items:center; clear:both; margin:1em 0 -0.5em 0;"> <div style="min-width:max-content;"><span class="noviewer noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/25px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" 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