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King Penguins
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8" /> <meta name="keywords" content="King Penguins Photos Information" /> <meta name="description" content="King Penguins. Photos and information on King Penguins and their Habitat" /> <title>King Penguins</title> <meta name="robots" content="index,follow" /> <style type="text/css"> h1 {text-align: center; font-size: 26px; margin: 3px; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; color: black; font-family: Arial; line-height: 36px} h2 {text-align: center; font-size: 22px; margin: 3px; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; color: yellow; font-family: Arial; line-height: 30px} h3 {font-size: 18px; margin: 3px; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; color: black; font-family: Arial; line-height: 26px} h4 {font-size: 18px; margin: 3px; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; color: black; font-family: Arial; line-height: 26px} p {font-size: 14px; margin: 3px; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; color: black; font-family: Arial; line-height: 18px} a:link {text-decoration: underline; color: #2d2dfd} a:visited {text-decoration: underline; color: #9d10fd} a:hover{text-decoration: underline; color: #625df8} table {border-top-color: light grey; border-bottom-color: black; border-left-color: grey; border-right-color: dark grey} table {border-width: 5 px} table {border-collapse: collaps} </style> </head> <body bgcolor="#231f20"> <br><br> <table width="90%" border="12" cellspacing="5" cellpadding="5" align="center" bgcolor="#ed1c24"> <tr> <td><h1>King Penguin</h1></td> </tr> </table> <br> <br> <table width="90%" border="5" cellspacing="5" cellpadding="5" align="center" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td rowspan="6" align="center" width="30%"><a href="NZ08_2252.jpg"><img src="NZ08_2252s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Portrait, Macquarie Island" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a> <p>(A. p. halli)</p> </td> <td>Specific Name: Aptenodytes patagonicus</td> </tr> <tr> <td> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td width="33%"><img src="../../Photos/tp/spain.gif" alt="" height="14" width="21" border="0" /> Pinguino Rey</td> <td width="33%"><img src="../../Photos/tp/france.gif" alt="" height="14" width="21" border="0" /> Manchot Royal</td> <td width="34%"><img src="../../Photos/tp/germany.gif" alt="" height="14" width="21" border="0" /> K枚nigspinguin</td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Adult Height: 85-95cm</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Adult Weight: 12-14kg</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Adult Flipper Length: 32-34cm</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Estimated Population: 1.2 Million breeding pairs</td> </tr> </table> <br /> <table width="90%" border="5" cellspacing="5" cellpadding="5" align="center" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" height="32"><h4>Distribution / General:</h4></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <h3>Populations of King Penguins are distributed across the subantarctic islands.</h3> <h3>Two subspecies have been proposed. These are A. p. patagonicus (S Georgia, Falklands and S Sandwich Islands) and A. p. halli (P Edward, Marion, Crozet, Kerguelen, Macquarie and Heard Islands). All images are from the former, unless otherwise indicated.</h3> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_2072.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2072s.jpg" alt="King Penguins Infront of Gold Harbour Glacier" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="34%"><a href="NZ08_2250c.jpg"><img src="NZ08_2250cs.jpg" alt="King Penguin, Sandy Bay, Macquarie" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="King%20Penguin%20Map.jpg"><img src="King%20Penguin%20Map%20S.jpg" alt="King Penguin Distribution Map" height="300" width="450" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>King Penguins (A. p. patagonicus)</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="34%"> <p>King Penguin (A. p. halli)</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>King Penguin Distribution Map</p> </td> </tr> </table> <h3>Kings are the second largest penguins, only being surpassed by the Emperors. Larger species have existed in the past, but are now extinct. All other penguins are significantly smaller, with the 3rd largest being the Gentoo.</h3> </td> </tr> </table> <br /> <table width="90%" border="5" cellspacing="5" cellpadding="5" align="center" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center"> <h4>Feeding:</h4> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <h3>King penguins primarily feed on small bioluminescent lanternfish which are found at a depth of 150-300 m during daytime and closer to the surface at night. A maximum diving depth of 500 m has been recorded. Like other penguins, the King penguin may also feed on alternative prey such as small squid if this is more readily available. Most of the feeding occurs during the daytime although hunting can occur at night. When rearing young chicks, adult birds may go out to sea for longer periods of up to two weeks. During the winter season there may be too little food for both adults and chicks, and the latter may have to wait for up to several months between feedings.</h3> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="50%"><a href="NZ08_2228.jpg"><img src="NZ08_2228s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Resting At Surface" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center"><a href="NZ08_2230.jpg"><img src="NZ08_2230s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Diving" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="50%"> <p>King Penguin (A. p. halli) at Surface Between Dives</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="50%"> <p>King Penguin (A. p. halli) Starting Dive</p> </td> </tr> </table> <br> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="50%"><a href="NZ08_2237.jpg"><img src="NZ08_2237s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Transit Dive" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center"><a href="NZ08_2745.jpg"><img src="NZ08_2745s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Landing" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="50%"> <p>King Penguin (A. p. halli) Shallow Transit Dive</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="50%"> <p>King Penguin (A. p. halli) Returning To Land</p> </td> </tr> </table> <br> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="50%"><a href="ANT09_2521.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2521s.jpg" alt="Raft of King Penguins" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center"><a href="ANT09_2535.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2535s.jpg" alt="Raft of King Penguins" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="50%"> <p>Raft of King Penguins near Beach</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="50%"> <p>Raft of King Penguins near Beach</p> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> <br /> <table width="90%" border="5" cellspacing="5" cellpadding="5" align="center" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center"> <h4>Reproduction:</h4> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <h3>King penguins are unusual in that their breeding cycle lasts for more than one year. Generally, these penguins will twice raise a single chick over a 3 year period. Breeding is not entirely synchronized within each colony although the majority of birds do appear to be in a similar stage of the cycle at any one time. Breeding may be with the same or different partners. King penguins reach sexual maturity at an age of about 4 years.</h3> <h3>Before breeding, birds go through a 4-5 week moult. Copulation is preceded by a brief period of courtship which is instigated by the male bird. During courtship, the male bird performs the ecstatic display with its beak pointing skyward and flippers raised. If successful, a female bird will stand opposite and both birds will shake their heads vigorously. Later, usually the male bird will waddle off ("advertising walk") swinging its head from side to side. In the final stages of courtship the birds stand next to each other and stretch upwards shaking their heads together or bend down in a synchronous manner. Bill-clapping may also take place and the whole process is accompanied by synchronous calling. Finally the male places his neck around the female and pushes her downwards. If she lets herself fall then the male may mount and copulation can begin.</h3> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="50%"><a href="ANT09_1492.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1492s.jpg" alt="King Penguins Copulating" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center"><a href="ANT09_1391.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1391s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Copulation" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="50%"> <p>King Penguin Male Gently Pushes Female Down</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="50%"> <p>Male Places Foot on Females Back</p> </td> </tr> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="50%"><a href="ANT09_1394.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1394s.jpg" alt="King Penguins Copulating" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center"><a href="ANT09_1396.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1396s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Copulation" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="50%"> <p>Female Lies Down as Male Mounts</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="50%"> <p>Male Steadies Itself</p> </td> </tr> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="50%"><a href="ANT09_1397.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1397s.jpg" alt="King Penguins Copulating" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center"><a href="ANT09_1399.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1399s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Copulation" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="50%"> <p>Male Mounts with Second Leg</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="50%"> <p>Males Edges Towards Rear of Female</p> </td> </tr> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="50%"><a href="ANT09_1506.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1506s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Copulation Interrupted" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center"><a href="ANT09_2501.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2501s.jpg" alt="Successful King Penguin Copulation" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="50%"> <p>Copulation Attempt Interrupted</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="50%"> <p>Successful Copulation</p> </td> </tr> </table> <h3>Similarly to the Emperor penguin, King penguins lay a single egg of about 300 grams and keep it on their feet during the 55 day incubation period. Consequently no nest is required. Birds are nevertheless observed to be spread evenly in colonies. This is because during incubation and brooding, the King penguin displays territorial behaviour and maintains pecking distance to other birds. As penguins walk through the colony they may be pecked or hit by flippers of other penguins as they pass.</h3> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_1429.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1429s.jpg" alt="Incubating King Penguin" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="34%"><a href="ANT09_1408.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1408s.jpg" alt="King Penguins Incubating Eggs" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_1480.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1480s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Displaying During Incubation" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>Incubating King Penguin</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="34%"> <p>King Penguins Incubating Eggs</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>King Penguin Displaying During Incubation</p> </td> </tr> </table> <br> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_1464.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1464s.jpg" alt="Incubating King Penguin - Note Brood Patch" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="34%"><a href="ANT09_1459.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1459s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Adjusting Egg Position" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_1514.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1514s.jpg" alt="Abandoned King Penguin Eggs" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>Incubating King Penguin - Note Brood Patch</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="34%"> <p>King Penguin Adjusting Egg Position</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>Abandoned King Penguin Eggs</p> </td> </tr> </table> <h3>Once the chick has hatched it remains on the parents feet for up to 8 weeks before eventually joining other chicks in a creche. King penguin chicks do however not usually huddle like Emperor penguin chicks, presumably since they are subject to less extreme temperatures.</h3> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="50%"><a href="ANT09_2433.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2433s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Chick Resting" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center"><a href="ANT09_2519.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2519s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Chick Resting" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="50%"> <p>King Penguin Chick Resting</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="50%"> <p>King Penguin Chick Resting</p> </td> </tr> </table> <br> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_2552.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2552s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Chick Cooling Off in Sea" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="34%"><a href="ANT09_2453c.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2453cs.jpg" alt="Portrait King Penguin Chick" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_2513.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2513s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Chick Drying Perched on Rock" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>King Penguin Chick Cooling Off in Sea</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="34%"> <p>Portrait King Penguin Chick</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>Wet King Penguin Chick</p> </td> </tr> </table> <br /> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_1885.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1885s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Chick" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="34%"><a href="ANT09_2453.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2453s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Chick Portrait" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_1907.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1907s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Chick Inspecting Ice" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>King Penguin Chick</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="34%"> <p>King Penguin Chick</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>King Penguin Chick Inspecting Ice</p> </td> </tr> </table> <h3>The parents continue to feed the chicks in the creche but no longer guard them. At this stage, both parents may go on food forays at the same time, whilst during incubation and brooding, the egg or chick is always on the feet of one parent whilst the other is at sea.</h3> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_2418.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2418s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Food Chase" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="34%"><a href="ANT09_1382.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1382s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Provisioning Chick" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_1340.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1340s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Chick Begging" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>King Penguin Food Chase</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="34%"> <p>King Penguin Provisioning Chick</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>King Penguin Chick Begging</p> </td> </tr> </table> <br> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_2477.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2477s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Chick Begging" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="34%"><a href="ANT09_2492.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2492s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Adult Showing Aggression Towards Begging Chick" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_2488.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2488s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Chick Begging" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>King Penguin Chick Begging</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="34%"> <p>King Penguin Adult Discouraging Begging Chick</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>King Penguin Chick Begging</p> </td> </tr> </table> <br> <h3>As already mentioned, unlike in most other penguin species, Adult King Penguins moult before breeding. Moulting is necessary to replace the worn plumage which may be no longer fully watertight. Chicks on the other hand have to Moult into their juvenile plumage before they are able to fledge.</h3> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_2009.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2009s.jpg" alt="Moulting King Penguin" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="34%"><a href="ANT09_2028.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2028s.jpg" alt="Moulting King Penguin Preening" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_2123c.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2123cs.jpg" alt="Moulting King Penguin Scratching Head" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>Moulting King Penguin</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="34%"> <p>Moulting King Penguin Preening</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>Moulting King Penguin Scratching Head</p> </td> </tr> </table> <br> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="50%"><a href="ANT09_2013.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2013s.jpg" alt="Moulting King Penguin Scratching Head" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center"><a href="ANT09_1297.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1297s.jpg" alt="Group of Moulting King Penguins" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="50%"> <p>Moulting King Penguin Scratching Head</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="50%"> <p>Group of Moulting King Penguins</p> </td> </tr> </table> <br> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_1350.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1350s.jpg" alt="Moulting King Penguin Chick" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="34%"><a href="ANT09_1347.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1347s.jpg" alt="Moulting King Penguin Chick Scratching Head" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_2440.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2440s.jpg" alt="Moulting King Penguin Chick" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>Moulting King Penguin Chick</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="34%"> <p>Moulting Chick Scratching Head</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>Moulting King Penguin Chick</p> </td> </tr> </table> <br> </td> </tr> </table> <br> <table width="90%" border="5" cellspacing="5" cellpadding="5" align="center" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center"> <h4>General Behaviour:</h4> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <h3>King penguins are inquisitive birds that are relatively confident in their approach towards human beings. A King penguin can display aggression or uneasiness in a number of ways. Gyratory motion of the head may precede pecking and birds may also flap their wings as a warning sign. A bird may also stretch its neck towards an opponent whilst looking directly at it and slightly opening its flippers in what is called the direct stare display. Slight discomfort may be displayed by preening of the flippers or rubbing of head on shoulder.</h3> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_2384.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2384s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Preening" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="34%"><a href="ANT09_1991.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1991s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Preening" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_2393.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2393s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Preening Flipper" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>King Penguin Preening</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="34%"> <p>King Penguin Preening</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>King Penguin Preening</p> </td> </tr> </table> <br> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_2037.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2037s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Scratching Head" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="34%"><a href="ANT09_1900.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1900s.jpg" alt="Moulting King Penguin Preening" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_1925.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1925s.jpg" alt="Young King Penguin Chick Scratching Head" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>King Penguin Scratching Head</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="34%"> <p>King Penguin Getting Preen Oil From Uropygial Gland</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>Young King Penguin Scratching Head</p> </td> </tr> </table> <br> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="NZ08_2389.jpg"><img src="NZ08_2389s.jpg" alt="Resting King Penguin, Macquarie Island" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="34%"><a href="ANT09_2461.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2461s.jpg" alt="Roosting King Penguin" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_2371.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2371s.jpg" alt="King Penguins Resting on Beach" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>Resting King Penguin (A. p. halli)</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="34%"> <p>Roosting King Penguin</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>King Penguins Resting on Beach</p> </td> </tr> </table> <br> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="50%"><a href="ANT09_2231.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2231s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Stretching" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center"><a href="ANT09_2436.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2436s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Chick Stretching" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="50%"> <p>King Penguin Stretching</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="50%"> <p>King Penguin Chick Stretching</p> </td> </tr> </table> <br> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_2395.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2395s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Getting Up" height="180" width="270" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="34%"><a href="ANT09_2396.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2396s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Getting Up" height="180" width="270" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_2397.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2397s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Getting Up" height="180" width="270" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>King Penguin Getting Up (1/3)</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="34%"> <p>King Penguin Getting Up (2/3)</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>King Penguin Getting Up (3/3)</p> </td> </tr> </table> <br> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="50%"><a href="ANT09_1489.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1489s.jpg" alt="Incubating Penguin Performing Ecstatic Display" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center"><a href="ANT09_2043c.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2043cs.jpg" alt="King Penguin Ecstatic Display" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="50%"> <p>Incubating Penguin Performing Ecstatic Display</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="50%"> <p>Climax of Ecstatic Display</p> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> <br> <table width="90%" border="5" cellspacing="5" cellpadding="5" align="center" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center"> <h4>Threats:</h4> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <h3>The King penguin is currently not considered a threatened species.</h3> <h3>Adult King penguins may be eaten by leopard seals or killer whales. Eggs and young chicks can fall victim to various types of gull, in particular Skuas, and also to giant petrels. Recent reports indicate that male Antarctic Fur Seals are preying on King Penguins at sea at Possession Island in the Indian Ocean. These seals have previously only been observed to prey on penguins on land.</h3> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_1258.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1258s.jpg" alt="King Penguin with Fresh Seal Bite" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="34%"><a href="ANT09_1478.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1478s.jpg" alt="King Penguin with Seal Bite Scars" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_3031.jpg"><img src="ANT09_3031s.jpg" alt="King Penguin with Seal Bite Injury" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>King Penguin with Fresh Seal Bite</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="34%"> <p>King Penguin with Seal Bite Scars</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>King Penguin with Seal Bite Injury</p> </td> </tr> </table> <h3>King Penguins are only slightly unsettled by humans, as long as these stay at the periphery of the colony and move slowly. Penguins may indeed voluntarily interact with visitors due to their inquisitive nature. They may peck or grab hold of clothing and pull on it. Properly managed tourism is not thought to have any significant impact on breeding success.</h3> <h3>Fortunately, only few King penguins get caught in fishing nets and their prey is not widely exploited by commercial fisheries at present.</h3> </td> </tr> </table> <br /> <table width="90%" border="5" cellspacing="5" cellpadding="5" align="center" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center"> <h4>Where To See:</h4> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <h3>King Penguin colonies can be visited on various subantarctic islands. The most accessible colony is on the Falkland islands, yet this is only a small colony with several hundred birds. Larger reachable colonies are found on Macquarie island and in particular South Georgia, both of which are reachable by ship. Several companies offer cruises which include these destinations. Macquarie Island is probably best visited on cruises by New Zealand based operator Heritage Expeditions, but can also be visited en route to the Antarctic on other ships. Landings may be by the Isthmus Australian Antarctic Division Research Station or at Sandy Bay. Many operators offer cruises which pass S. Georgia, usually in combination with visits to the Falklands and Antarctic Peninsula. Since King Penguins breed on open coastal plains, viewing is easy once one is on land. Poor weather conditions may however prevent landing. Usually, cruise ships visiting S. Georgia will try and land passengers at a number of different King Penguin colonies (e.g. Right Whale Bay, Salisbury Plain, St. Andrews Bay or Gold Harbour), some of which may contain tens of thousands of birds.</h3> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="50%"><a href="NZ08_3108.jpg"><img src="NZ08_3108s.jpg" alt="The Isthmus, Macquarie Island" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center"><a title="King Penguins " href="../../Pictures_W1/w1_hp11.jpg"><img src="../../Pictures_W1/BarPics/w1_hp11.jpg" alt="King Penguins, Salisbury Plain" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="50%"> <p>The Isthmus, Macquarie Island</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="50%"> <p>Salisbury Plain, S. Georgia</p> </td> </tr> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_1400.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1400s.jpg" alt="King Penguins, Right Whale Bay, S. Georgia" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="34%"><a href="ANT09_1518.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1518s.jpg" alt="King Penguins, Right Whale Bay, S. Georgia" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_1361.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1361s.jpg" alt="King Penguins, Right Whale Bay, S. Georgia" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>Right Whale Bay, S. Georgia</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="34%"> <p>Right Whale Bay, S. Georgia</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>Right Whale Bay, S. Georgia</p> </td> </tr> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#bfddfd"> <tr> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_1933.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1933s.jpg" alt="King Penguins, Gold Harbour, S. Georgia" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="34%"><a href="ANT09_2235.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2235s.jpg" alt="King Penguins, Gold Harbour, S. Georgia" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_2340.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2340s.jpg" alt="King Penguins, Gold Harbour, S. Georgia" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>Gold Harbour, S. Georgia</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="34%"> <p>Gold Harbour, S. Georgia</p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p>Gold Harbour, S. Georgia</p> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> <br><br> <h2 align="center">Photo Gallery:</h2> <br> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="NZ08_2250.jpg"><img src="NZ08_2250s.jpg" alt="King Penguin, Macquarie Island" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="23%"><a href="ANT09_2068.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2068s.jpg" alt="King Penguins, South Georgia" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_2449.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2449s.jpg" alt="King Penguin Chick, South Georgia" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p></p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="34%"> <p></p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p></p> </td> </tr> </table> <br> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_1444.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1444s.jpg" alt="King Penguins" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="34%"><a title="King Penguins " href="../../Pictures_W1/w1_hp13.jpg"><img src="../../Pictures_W1/BarPics/w1_hp13.jpg" alt="King Penguins" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_1510.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1510s.jpg" alt="King Penguins" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p></p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="34%"> <p></p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p></p> </td> </tr> </table> <br> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_2049.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2049s.jpg" alt="King Penguins" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="34%"><a href="ANT09_2052.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2052s.jpg" alt="King Penguins, Gold Harbour " height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_2071.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2071s.jpg" alt="King Penguins Gold Harbour Glacier" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p></p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="34%"> <p></p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p></p> </td> </tr> </table> <br> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_2349.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2349s.jpg" alt="King Penguins" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="34%"><a href="ANT09_2183.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2183s.jpg" alt="King Penguins" height="300" width="200" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="33%"><a href="ANT09_2230.jpg"><img src="ANT09_2230s.jpg" alt="King Penguin with Outstretched Flippers" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p></p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="34%"> <p></p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p></p> </td> </tr> </table> <br> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="20" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td align="center" width="33%"></td> <td align="center" width="34%"><a href="ANT09_1971.jpg"><img src="ANT09_1971s.jpg" alt="King and Gentoo Penguins Size Comparison" height="200" width="300" border="0" /></a></td> <td align="center" width="33%"></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p></p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="34%"> <p></p> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" width="33%"> <p></p> </td> </tr> </table> <br><br> <h4 align="center"><a href="KingPhotoAnnex.html" rel="nofollow">More King Penguin Images</a></h4> <br> <br> <h3 align="center"><a href="../../Penguins.html">Penguin Index</a></h3> <br> <br> <h3 align="center"><a href="../../PhotovolcanicaFullIndex.html">Photovolcanica Full Index</a></h3> <br> </body> </html>