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href="#Multiple_language_support"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Multiple language support</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Multiple_language_support-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Application_development" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Application_development"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Application development</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Application_development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Application_development_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Application_development_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Application development</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Application_development_2-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Application development subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Application_development_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Qt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Qt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Qt</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Qt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Symbian_C++" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Symbian_C++"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Symbian C++</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Symbian_C++-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Other languages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deployment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deployment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Deployment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deployment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Architecture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Architecture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Architecture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Technology_domains_and_packages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Technology_domains_and_packages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Technology domains and packages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Technology_domains_and_packages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Symbian_kernel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Symbian_kernel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Symbian kernel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Symbian_kernel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Design" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Design"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Design</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Design-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operating_system" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operating_system"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Operating system</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operating_system-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Symbian_UI_variants,_platforms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Symbian_UI_variants,_platforms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Symbian UI variants, platforms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Symbian_UI_variants,_platforms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Version_comparison" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Version_comparison"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Version comparison</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Version_comparison-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Market_share_and_competition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Market_share_and_competition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Market share and competition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Market_share_and_competition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criticism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Criticism</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Criticism-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Criticism subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Criticism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Malware" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Malware"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Malware</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Malware-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bypassing_platform_security" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bypassing_platform_security"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Bypassing platform security</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bypassing_platform_security-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Version_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Version_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Version history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Version_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_devices" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_devices"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>List of devices</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_devices-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-See_also-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle See also subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-General" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>General</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Development-related" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Development-related"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2</span> <span>Development-related</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Development-related-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-External_links-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle External links subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Symbian^3_EPL_source" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Symbian^3_EPL_source"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.1</span> <span>Symbian^3 EPL source</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Symbian^3_EPL_source-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header 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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Symbian</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 65 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-65" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">65 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian_Operating_System" title="Symbian Operating System – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Symbian Operating System" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سيمبيان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سيمبيان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="সিমবিয়ান – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সিমবিয়ান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian_OS" title="Symbian OS – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Symbian OS" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian_OS" title="Symbian OS – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Symbian OS" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian_OS" title="Symbian OS – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Symbian OS" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian-Plattform" title="Symbian-Plattform – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Symbian-Plattform" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian_OS" title="Symbian OS – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Symbian OS" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سیمبیان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیمبیان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian_OS" title="Symbian OS – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Symbian OS" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%AC%EB%B9%84%EC%95%88_OS" title="심비안 OS – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="심비안 OS" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Սիմբիան – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սիմբիան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8" title="सिम्बियन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सिम्बियन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian_OS" title="Symbian OS – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Symbian OS" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9F" title="סימביאן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סימביאן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%93%E0%B2%8E%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಸಿಂಬಿಯಾನ್ ಓಎಸ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಿಂಬಿಯಾನ್ ಓಎಸ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian_OS" title="Symbian OS – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Symbian OS" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BB" title="സിംബിയൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സിംബിയൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8" title="सिंबियन ओएस – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सिंबियन ओएस" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian_OS" title="Symbian OS – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Symbian OS" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian_OS" title="Symbian OS – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Symbian OS" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian_OS" title="Symbian OS – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Symbian OS" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian_OS" title="Symbian OS – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Symbian OS" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian_OS" title="Symbian OS – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Symbian OS" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" title="සිම්බියන් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සිම්බියන්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian_OS" title="Symbian OS – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Symbian OS" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سیمبیان – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سیمبیان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="சிம்பியன் இயங்குதளம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சிம்பியன் இயங்குதளம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="సింబియన్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సింబియన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="ซิมเบียน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ซิมเบียน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian_(i%C5%9Fletim_sistemi)" title="Symbian (işletim sistemi) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Symbian (işletim sistemi)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%86" title="سمبئین – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سمبئین" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian_OS" title="Symbian OS – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Symbian OS" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E7%8F%AD%EF%BC%88%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%EF%BC%89" title="塞班（操作系统） – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="塞班（操作系统）" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Symbian" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q483318#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > 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i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Sybian" title="Sybian">Sybian</a> or <a href="/wiki/Symbion" title="Symbion"><i>Symbion</i></a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the operating system. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Symbian_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Symbian (disambiguation)">Symbian (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Operating system</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Symbian</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbian_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Symbian_logo.svg/250px-Symbian_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="69" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Symbian_logo.svg/375px-Symbian_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Symbian_logo.svg/500px-Symbian_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="730" data-file-height="202" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nokia_Belle_OS_Feature_Pack_2_screenshot.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/95/Nokia_Belle_OS_Feature_Pack_2_screenshot.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="533" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="237" data-file-height="421" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Home screen of Nokia Belle Feature Pack 2 in Romanian (last version of Symbian)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Symbian_Ltd." class="mw-redirect" title="Symbian Ltd.">Symbian Ltd.</a> (1998–2008)<br /><a href="/wiki/Symbian_Foundation" title="Symbian Foundation">Symbian Foundation</a> (2008–11)<br /><a href="/wiki/Nokia" title="Nokia">Nokia</a> (2010–11)<br /><a href="/wiki/Accenture" title="Accenture">Accenture</a> on behalf of <a href="/wiki/Nokia" title="Nokia">Nokia</a> (2011–13)<sup id="cite_ref-accenture_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-accenture-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programming_language" title="Programming language">Written in</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">OS family</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/EPOC_(operating_system)" title="EPOC (operating system)">EPOC</a> (Symbian)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Working state</th><td class="infobox-data">No longer supported</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Source model</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">Proprietary software</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-ArsTechnica_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArsTechnica-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> formerly <a href="/wiki/Free_software" title="Free software">Free software</a> (2010–11)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data">5 June 1997<span class="noprint">; 27 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1997-06-05</span>)</span> (as EPOC32)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Final release</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Nokia Belle Feature Pack 2 / 2 October 2012<span class="noprint">; 12 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2012-10-02</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Marketing target</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Smartphone" title="Smartphone">Smartphones</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Natural_language" title="Natural language">Available in</a></th><td class="infobox-data">48 languages</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background-color: transparent;">List of languages</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="">Arabic (Arabic, Urdu), Basque, Bulgarian, Catalan, Chinese (Traditional, Simplified), Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English (UK, US), Estonian, Finnish, French (France, Canada), Galician, German, Greek, Hebrew, Indian (Hindi, Tamil, Marathi), Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Kazakh, Latvian, Lithuanian, Malay, Norwegian, Persian, Polish, Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil), Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish (Spain, Latin America), Swedish, Tagalog, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, Vietnamese</div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Update method</th><td class="infobox-data">Symbian Signed certificates</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Package_manager" title="Package manager">Package manager</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/.sis" class="mw-redirect" title=".sis">.sis</a>, <a href="/wiki/.sisx" class="mw-redirect" title=".sisx">.sisx</a>, <a href="/wiki/.jad" class="mw-redirect" title=".jad">.jad</a>, <a href="/wiki/.jar" class="mw-redirect" title=".jar">.jar</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Platforms</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/ARM_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="ARM architecture">ARM</a>, <a href="/wiki/X86" title="X86">x86</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kernel_(operating_system)" title="Kernel (operating system)">Kernel</a> type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Real-time_operating_system" title="Real-time operating system">Real-time</a> <a href="/wiki/Microkernel" title="Microkernel">microkernel</a>, <a href="/wiki/EKA2" title="EKA2">EKA2</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/User_interface" title="User interface">Default<br />user interface</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/S60_(software_platform)" title="S60 (software platform)">S60</a> (from 2009)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">Proprietary software</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-ofb_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ofb-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> formerly <a href="/wiki/Eclipse_Public_License" title="Eclipse Public License">Eclipse Public</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Official website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://symbian.nokia.com">symbian<wbr />.nokia<wbr />.com</a></span> (defunct as of May 2014), <span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://symbian.org">symbian<wbr />.org</a></span> (defunct as of 2009–10)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Support status</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Unsupported</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Symbian</b> was a <a href="/wiki/Mobile_operating_system" title="Mobile operating system">mobile operating system</a> (OS) and <a href="/wiki/Computing_platform" title="Computing platform">computing platform</a> designed for <a href="/wiki/Smartphone" title="Smartphone">smartphones</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-mca_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mca-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was originally developed as a <a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">proprietary software</a> OS for <a href="/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant" title="Personal digital assistant">personal digital assistants</a> in 1998 by the <a href="/wiki/Symbian_Ltd." class="mw-redirect" title="Symbian Ltd.">Symbian Ltd.</a> consortium.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Symbian OS is a descendant of <a href="/wiki/Psion_(company)" title="Psion (company)">Psion</a>'s <a href="/wiki/EPOC_(operating_system)" title="EPOC (operating system)">EPOC</a>, and was released exclusively on <a href="/wiki/ARM_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="ARM architecture">ARM</a> <a href="/wiki/Central_processing_unit" title="Central processing unit">processors</a>, although an unreleased <a href="/wiki/X86" title="X86">x86</a> port existed. Symbian was used by many major mobile phone brands, like <a href="/wiki/Samsung" title="Samsung">Samsung</a>, <a href="/wiki/Motorola" title="Motorola">Motorola</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sony_Mobile" title="Sony Mobile">Sony Ericsson</a>, and above all by <a href="/wiki/Nokia" title="Nokia">Nokia</a>. It was also prevalent in Japan by brands including <a href="/wiki/Fujitsu" title="Fujitsu">Fujitsu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sharp_Corporation" title="Sharp Corporation">Sharp</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi" title="Mitsubishi">Mitsubishi</a>. As a pioneer that established the smartphone industry, it was the most popular smartphone OS on a worldwide average until the end of 2010, at a time when smartphones were in limited use, when it was overtaken by <a href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a> and <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a>. It was notably less popular in <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>. </p><p>The Symbian OS platform is formed of two components: one being the <a href="/wiki/Microkernel" title="Microkernel">microkernel</a>-based operating system with its associated <a href="/wiki/Library_(computing)" title="Library (computing)">libraries</a>, and the other being the <a href="/wiki/User_interface" title="User interface">user interface</a> (as <a href="/wiki/Middleware" title="Middleware">middleware</a>), which provides the graphical shell atop the OS.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most prominent user interface was the <a href="/wiki/S60_(software_platform)" title="S60 (software platform)">S60</a> (formerly Series 60) platform built by Nokia, first released in 2002 and powering most Nokia Symbian devices. <a href="/wiki/UIQ" title="UIQ">UIQ</a> was a competing user interface mostly used by Motorola and Sony Ericsson that focused on <a href="/wiki/Pen_computing" title="Pen computing">pen</a>-based devices, rather than a traditional keyboard interface from S60. Another interface was the <a href="/wiki/MOAP" title="MOAP">MOAP</a>(S) platform from carrier <a href="/wiki/NTT_DoCoMo" class="mw-redirect" title="NTT DoCoMo">NTT DoCoMo</a> in the Japanese market.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Applications for these different interfaces were not compatible with each other, despite each being built atop Symbian OS. Nokia became the largest shareholder of Symbian Ltd. in 2004 and purchased the entire company in 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The non-profit <a href="/wiki/Symbian_Foundation" title="Symbian Foundation">Symbian Foundation</a> was then created to make a <a href="/wiki/Royalty-free" title="Royalty-free">royalty-free</a> successor to Symbian OS. Seeking to unify the platform, S60 became the Foundation's favoured interface and UIQ stopped development. The <a href="/wiki/Touchscreen" title="Touchscreen">touchscreen</a>-focused Symbian^1 (or S60 5th Edition) was created as a result in 2009. Symbian^2 (based on MOAP) was used by NTT DoCoMo, one of the members of the Foundation, for the Japanese market. Symbian^3 was released in 2010 as the successor to S60 5th Edition, by which time it became fully <a href="/wiki/Free_software" title="Free software">free software</a>. The transition from a proprietary operating system to a free software project is believed to be one of the largest in history.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Symbian^3 received the Anna and Belle updates in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-engadget1_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-engadget1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-engadget2_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-engadget2-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Symbian Foundation disintegrated in late 2010 and Nokia took back control of the OS development.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 2011, Nokia, by then the only remaining company still supporting Symbian outside Japan, announced that it would use <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Windows_Phone_7" title="Windows Phone 7">Windows Phone 7</a> as its primary smartphone platform, while Symbian would be gradually wound down.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-engadget.com_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-engadget.com-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two months later, Nokia moved the OS to proprietary licensing, only collaborating with the Japanese OEMs<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and later outsourced Symbian development to <a href="/wiki/Accenture" title="Accenture">Accenture</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-mca_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mca-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bgr.com_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bgr.com-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although support was promised until 2016, including two major planned updates, by 2012 Nokia had mostly abandoned development and most Symbian developers had already left Accenture,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in January 2014 Nokia stopped accepting new or changed Symbian software from developers.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Nokia_808_PureView" title="Nokia 808 PureView">Nokia 808 PureView</a> in 2012 was officially the last Symbian smartphone from Nokia.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> NTT DoCoMo continued releasing OPP(S) (Operator Pack Symbian, successor of MOAP) devices in Japan, which still act as middleware on top of Symbian.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Phones running this include the <a href="/w/index.php?title=F-07F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="F-07F (page does not exist)">F-07F</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/F-07F" class="extiw" title="ja:F-07F">ja</a>]</span> from <a href="/wiki/Fujitsu" title="Fujitsu">Fujitsu</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=SH-07F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SH-07F (page does not exist)">SH-07F</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/SH-07F" class="extiw" title="ja:SH-07F">ja</a>]</span> from <a href="/wiki/Sharp_Corporation" title="Sharp Corporation">Sharp</a> in 2014. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/EPOC_(operating_system)" title="EPOC (operating system)">EPOC (operating system)</a>, <a href="/wiki/S60_(software_platform)" title="S60 (software platform)">S60 (software platform)</a>, <a href="/wiki/MOAP" title="MOAP">MOAP</a>, and <a href="/wiki/UIQ" title="UIQ">UIQ</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbian_logo_4.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fa/Symbian_logo_4.svg/220px-Symbian_logo_4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fa/Symbian_logo_4.svg/330px-Symbian_logo_4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fa/Symbian_logo_4.svg/440px-Symbian_logo_4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="494" data-file-height="164" /></a><figcaption>Logo of the Symbian Foundation</figcaption></figure> <p>Symbian originated from <a href="/wiki/EPOC_(operating_system)" title="EPOC (operating system)">EPOC32</a>, an operating system created by <a href="/wiki/Psion_(computers)" class="mw-redirect" title="Psion (computers)">Psion</a> in the 1990s. In June 1998, Psion Software became <a href="/wiki/Symbian_Ltd." class="mw-redirect" title="Symbian Ltd.">Symbian Ltd.</a>, a major joint venture between Psion and phone manufacturers <a href="/wiki/Ericsson" title="Ericsson">Ericsson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Motorola" title="Motorola">Motorola</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nokia" title="Nokia">Nokia</a>. </p><p>Afterwards, different <a href="/wiki/Software_platform" class="mw-redirect" title="Software platform">software platforms</a> were created for Symbian, backed by different groups of mobile phone manufacturers. They include <a href="/wiki/S60_(software_platform)" title="S60 (software platform)">S60</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nokia" title="Nokia">Nokia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samsung" title="Samsung">Samsung</a> and <a href="/wiki/LG" title="LG">LG</a>), <a href="/wiki/UIQ" title="UIQ">UIQ</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sony_Ericsson" class="mw-redirect" title="Sony Ericsson">Sony Ericsson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Motorola" title="Motorola">Motorola</a>) and <a href="/wiki/MOAP" title="MOAP">MOAP</a>(S) (Japanese only such as <a href="/wiki/Fujitsu" title="Fujitsu">Fujitsu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sharp_Corporation" title="Sharp Corporation">Sharp</a> etc.). </p><p>With no major competition in the smartphone OS then (<a href="/wiki/Palm_OS" title="Palm OS">Palm OS</a> and <a href="/wiki/Windows_Mobile" title="Windows Mobile">Windows Mobile</a> were comparatively small players), Symbian reached as high as 67% of the global smartphone market share in 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite its sizable market share then, Symbian was at various stages difficult to develop for: First (at around early-to-mid-2000s) due to the complexity of then the only native programming languages <a href="/wiki/Open_Programming_Language" title="Open Programming Language">Open Programming Language</a> (OPL) and Symbian <a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a>, and of the OS; then the stubborn developer bureaucracy, along with high prices of various <a href="/wiki/Integrated_development_environment" title="Integrated development environment">integrated development environments</a> (IDEs) and <a href="/wiki/Software_development_kit" title="Software development kit">software development kits</a> (SDKs), which were prohibitive for independent or very small developers; and then the subsequent fragmentation, which was in part caused by infighting among and within manufacturers, each of which also had their own IDEs and SDKs. All of this discouraged third-party developers, and served to cause the native app ecosystem for Symbian not to evolve to a scale later reached by Apple's App Store or Android's Google Play. </p><p>By contrast, iPhone OS (renamed <a href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a> in 2010) and <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> had comparatively simpler design, provided easier and much more centralized infrastructure to create and obtain third-party apps, offered certain developer tools and programming languages with a manageable level of complexity, and having abilities such as multitasking and graphics to meet future consumer demands. </p><p>Although Symbian was difficult to program for, this issue could be worked around by creating Java Mobile Edition apps, ostensibly under a "write once, run anywhere" slogan.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This wasn't always the case because of fragmentation due to different device screen sizes and differences in levels of Java ME support on various devices. </p><p>In June 2008, <a href="/wiki/Nokia" title="Nokia">Nokia</a> announced the acquisition of <a href="/wiki/Symbian_Ltd." class="mw-redirect" title="Symbian Ltd.">Symbian Ltd.</a>, and a new independent non-profit organization called the <a href="/wiki/Symbian_Foundation" title="Symbian Foundation">Symbian Foundation</a> was established. <i>Symbian OS</i> and its associated user interfaces <a href="/wiki/S60_(software_platform)" title="S60 (software platform)">S60</a>, <a href="/wiki/UIQ" title="UIQ">UIQ</a>, and <a href="/wiki/MOAP" title="MOAP">MOAP</a>(S) were contributed by their owners <a href="/wiki/Nokia" title="Nokia">Nokia</a>, <a href="/wiki/NTT_DoCoMo" class="mw-redirect" title="NTT DoCoMo">NTT DoCoMo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sony_Ericsson" class="mw-redirect" title="Sony Ericsson">Sony Ericsson</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Symbian_Ltd." class="mw-redirect" title="Symbian Ltd.">Symbian Ltd.</a>, to the foundation with the objective of creating the Symbian platform as a royalty-free, <a href="/wiki/Free_software" title="Free software">Free software</a>, under the <a href="/wiki/Free_Software_Foundation" title="Free Software Foundation">Free Software Foundation</a> (FSF) and <a href="/wiki/Open_Source_Initiative" title="Open Source Initiative">Open Source Initiative</a> (OSI) approved <a href="/wiki/Eclipse_Public_License" title="Eclipse Public License">Eclipse Public License</a> (EPL). The platform was designated as the successor to Symbian OS, following the official launch of the Symbian Foundation in April 2009. The Symbian platform was officially made available as <a href="/wiki/Free_software" title="Free software">Free software</a> in February 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-menezes_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-menezes-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nokia became the major contributor to Symbian's code, since it then possessed the development resources for both the Symbian OS core and the user interface. Since then Nokia maintained its own code repository for the platform development, regularly releasing its development to the public repository.<sup id="cite_ref-Tim_Ocock_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tim_Ocock-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Symbian was intended to be developed by a community led by the <a href="/wiki/Symbian_Foundation" title="Symbian Foundation">Symbian Foundation</a>, which was first announced in June 2008 and which officially launched in April 2009. Its objective was to publish the <a href="/wiki/Source_code" title="Source code">source code</a> for the entire Symbian platform under the EPL. This was accomplished on 4 February 2010; the Symbian Foundation reported this event to be the largest codebase moved to <a href="/wiki/Free_software" title="Free software">Free software</a> in history.<sup id="cite_ref-menezes_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-menezes-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OpenSource_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OpenSource-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, some important components within Symbian OS were licensed from third parties, which prevented the foundation from publishing the full source under EPL immediately; instead much of the source was published under a more restrictive Symbian Foundation License (SFL) and access to the full source code was limited to member companies only, although membership was open to any organisation.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, the <a href="/wiki/Free_software" title="Free software">Free software</a> <a href="/wiki/Qt_(software)" title="Qt (software)">Qt framework</a> was introduced to Symbian in 2010, as the primary upgrade path to <a href="/wiki/MeeGo" title="MeeGo">MeeGo</a>, which was to be the next mobile operating system to replace and supplant Symbian on high-end devices; Qt was by its nature free and very convenient to develop with. Several other frameworks were deployed to the platform, among them <a href="/wiki/ANSI_C" title="ANSI C">Standard C</a> and C++, <a href="/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" title="Python (programming language)">Python</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)" title="Ruby (programming language)">Ruby</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Lite" title="Adobe Flash Lite">Adobe Flash Lite</a>. IDEs and SDKs were developed and then released for free, and <a href="/wiki/Application_software" title="Application software">application software</a> (app) development for Symbian picked up. </p><p>In November 2010, the Symbian Foundation announced that due to changes in global economic and market conditions (and also a lack of support from members such as <a href="/wiki/Samsung" title="Samsung">Samsung</a><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Sony_Ericsson" class="mw-redirect" title="Sony Ericsson">Sony Ericsson</a>), it would transition to a licensing-only organisation;<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nokia announced it would take over the stewardship of the Symbian platform. Symbian Foundation would remain the trademark holder and licensing entity and would only have non-executive directors involved. </p><p>With market share sliding from 39% in Q32010 to 31% in Q42010,<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Symbian was losing ground to iOS and Android quickly, eventually falling behind Android in Q42010.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Elop" title="Stephen Elop">Stephen Elop</a> was appointed the CEO of Nokia in September 2010, and on 11 February 2011, he announced a partnership with <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> that would see Nokia adopt <a href="/wiki/Windows_Phone" title="Windows Phone">Windows Phone</a> as its primary smartphone platform,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Symbian would be gradually phased out, together with MeeGo.<sup id="cite_ref-engadget.com_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-engadget.com-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a consequence, Symbian's market share fell, and application developers for Symbian dropped out rapidly. Research in June 2011 indicated that over 39% of mobile developers using Symbian at the time of publication were planning to abandon the platform.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 5 April 2011, Nokia ceased to make <a href="/wiki/Free_software" title="Free software">free</a> any portion of the Symbian software and reduced its collaboration to a small group of preselected partners in Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-ofb_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ofb-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Source code released under the original EPL remains available in third party repositories,<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including a full set of all public code from the project as of 7 December 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 22 June 2011, Nokia had made an agreement with <a href="/wiki/Accenture" title="Accenture">Accenture</a> for an outsourcing program. Accenture will provide Symbian-based software development and support services to Nokia through 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-bgr.com_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bgr.com-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The transfer of Nokia employees to Accenture was completed on 30 September 2011 and 2,800 Nokia employees became Accenture employees as of October 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-mca_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mca-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nokia had terminated its support of software development and maintenance for Symbian with effect from 1 January 2014, thereafter refusing to publish new or changed Symbian applications or content in the Nokia Store and terminating its 'Symbian Signed' program for software certification.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Features">Features</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="User_interface">User interface</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: User interface"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Symbian has had a native graphics toolkit since its inception, known as AVKON (formerly known as <a href="/wiki/S60_(software_platform)" title="S60 (software platform)">Series 60</a>). S60 was designed to be manipulated by a keyboard-like interface metaphor, such as the ~15-key augmented telephone keypad, or the mini-QWERTY keyboards. AVKON-based software is binary-compatible with Symbian versions up to and including Symbian^3. </p><p>Symbian^3 includes the <a href="/wiki/Qt_(software)" title="Qt (software)">Qt framework</a>, which became the recommended user interface toolkit for new applications. Qt can also be installed on older Symbian devices. </p><p>Symbian^4 was planned to introduce a new GUI library framework specifically designed for a touch-based interface, known as "UI Extensions for Mobile" or UIEMO (internal project name "Orbit"), which was built on top of Qt Widget; a preview was released in January 2010, however in October 2010 Nokia announced that Orbit/UIEMO had been cancelled. </p><p>Nokia later recommended that developers use <a href="/wiki/Qt_Quick" title="Qt Quick">Qt Quick</a> with <a href="/wiki/QML" title="QML">QML</a>, the new high-level declarative UI and scripting framework for creating visually rich touchscreen interfaces that allowed development for both Symbian and <a href="/wiki/MeeGo" title="MeeGo">MeeGo</a>; it would be delivered to existing Symbian^3 devices as a Qt update. When more applications gradually feature a user interface reworked in Qt, the legacy S60 framework (AVKON) would be deprecated and no longer included with new devices at some point, thus breaking binary compatibility with older S60 applications.<sup id="cite_ref-Nokia_PR_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nokia_PR-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Browser">Browser</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Browser"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/S60_browser" class="mw-redirect" title="S60 browser">S60 browser</a> and <a href="/wiki/Opera_Mobile" title="Opera Mobile">Opera Mobile</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Samsung_Omnia_HD_(i8910).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Samsung_Omnia_HD_%28i8910%29.png/200px-Samsung_Omnia_HD_%28i8910%29.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Samsung_Omnia_HD_%28i8910%29.png/300px-Samsung_Omnia_HD_%28i8910%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Samsung_Omnia_HD_%28i8910%29.png/400px-Samsung_Omnia_HD_%28i8910%29.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="340" /></a><figcaption>Symbian S60 5th edition on a <a href="/wiki/Samsung_Omnia_HD" class="mw-redirect" title="Samsung Omnia HD">Samsung Omnia HD</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Symbian^3 and earlier have a built-in <a href="/wiki/WebKit" title="WebKit">WebKit</a> based <a href="/wiki/S60_browser" class="mw-redirect" title="S60 browser">browser</a>. Symbian was the first mobile platform to make use of WebKit (in June 2005).<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some older Symbian models have <a href="/wiki/Opera_Mobile" title="Opera Mobile">Opera Mobile</a> as their default browser. </p><p>Nokia released a new browser with the release of Symbian Anna with improved speed and an improved user interface.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Multiple_language_support">Multiple language support</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Multiple language support"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Symbian had strong localization support enabling manufacturers and 3rd party application developers to localize Symbian based products to support global distribution. Nokia made languages available in the device, in <i>language packs</i>: a set of languages which cover those commonly spoken in the area where a device variant is to be sold. All language packs have in common English, or a locally relevant dialect of it. The last release, Symbian Belle, supports these 48 languages, with [dialects], and (scripts): </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 12em;"> <ul><li>Arabic (Arabic)</li> <li>Basque (Latin)</li> <li>Bulgarian (Cyrillic)</li> <li>Catalan (Latin)</li> <li>Chinese [PRC] (Simplified Chinese)</li> <li>Chinese [Hong Kong] (Traditional Chinese)</li> <li>Chinese [Taiwan] (Traditional Chinese)</li> <li>Croatian (Latin)</li> <li>Czech (Latin)</li> <li>Danish (Latin)</li> <li>Dutch (Latin)</li> <li>English [UK] (Latin)</li> <li>English [US] (Latin)</li> <li>Estonian (Latin)</li> <li>Finnish (Latin)</li> <li>French (Latin)</li> <li>French [Canadian] (Latin)</li> <li>Galician (Latin)</li> <li>German (Latin)</li> <li>Greek (Greek)</li> <li>Hebrew (Hebrew)</li> <li>Hindi (Indian)</li> <li>Hungarian (Latin)</li> <li>Icelandic (Latin)</li> <li>Indonesian [Bahasa Indonesia] (Latin)</li> <li>Italian (Latin)</li> <li>Japanese (<a href="/wiki/Japanese_writing_system" title="Japanese writing system">Japanese script</a>)*</li> <li>Kazakh (Cyrillic)</li> <li>Latvian (Latin)</li> <li>Lithuanian (Latin)</li> <li>Malay [Bahasa Malaysia] (Latin)</li> <li>Marathi (India: Maharashtra)</li> <li>Norwegian (Latin)</li> <li>Persian [Farsi]</li> <li>Polish (Latin)</li> <li>Portuguese (Latin)</li> <li>Portuguese [Brazilian] (Latin)</li> <li>Romanian (Latin)</li> <li>Russian (Cyrillic)</li> <li>Serbian (Latin)</li> <li>Slovak (Latin)</li> <li>Slovene (Latin)</li> <li>Spanish (Latin)</li> <li>Spanish [Latin America] (Latin)</li> <li>Swedish (Latin)</li> <li>Tagalog [Filipino] (Latin)</li> <li>Thai (Thai)</li> <li>Tamil (India)</li> <li>Turkish (Latin)</li> <li>Ukrainian (Cyrillic)</li> <li>Urdu (Arabic)</li> <li>Vietnamese (Latin)</li></ul> </div> <p>Symbian Belle marks the introduction of Kazakh, while Korean is no longer supported. </p> <ul><li>Japanese is only available on Symbian^2 devices as they are made in Japan, and on other Symbian devices Japanese is still supported with limitations.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Application_development">Application development</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Application development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From 2010, Symbian switched to using standard C++ with <a href="/wiki/Qt_(software)" title="Qt (software)">Qt</a> as the main SDK, which can be used with either <a href="/wiki/Qt_Creator" title="Qt Creator">Qt Creator</a> or <a href="/wiki/Carbide.c%2B%2B" title="Carbide.c++">Carbide.c++</a>. Qt supports the older Symbian/S60 3rd (starting with Feature Pack 1, a.k.a. S60 3.1) and Symbian/S60 5th Edition (a.k.a. S60 5.01b) releases, as well as the new Symbian platform. It also supports <a href="/wiki/Maemo" title="Maemo">Maemo</a> and <a href="/wiki/MeeGo" title="MeeGo">MeeGo</a>, Windows, Linux and Mac OS X.<sup id="cite_ref-Qt.nokia.com_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Qt.nokia.com-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alternative application development can be done using <a href="/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" title="Python (programming language)">Python</a> (see <a href="/wiki/Python_for_S60" title="Python for S60">Python for S60</a>), <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Lite" title="Adobe Flash Lite">Adobe Flash Lite</a> or <a href="/wiki/Java_ME" class="mw-redirect" title="Java ME">Java ME</a>. </p><p>Symbian OS previously used a Symbian specific C++ version, along with <a href="/wiki/CodeWarrior" title="CodeWarrior">CodeWarrior</a> and later <a href="/wiki/Carbide.c%2B%2B" title="Carbide.c++">Carbide.c++</a> <a href="/wiki/Integrated_development_environment" title="Integrated development environment">integrated development environment</a> (IDE), as the native application development environment. </p><p>Web Runtime (WRT) is a portable application framework that allows creating <a href="/wiki/Software_widget" title="Software widget">widgets</a> on the <a href="/wiki/S60_(software_platform)" title="S60 (software platform)">S60 Platform</a>; it is an extension to the S60 <a href="/wiki/WebKit" title="WebKit">WebKit</a> based browser that allows launching multiple browser instances as separate JavaScript applications.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Application_development_2">Application development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Application development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Qt">Qt</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Qt"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 2010, the SDK for Symbian is standard C++, using <a href="/wiki/Qt_(software)" title="Qt (software)">Qt</a>. It can be used with either <a href="/wiki/Qt_Creator" title="Qt Creator">Qt Creator</a>, or Carbide (the older IDE previously used for Symbian development).<sup id="cite_ref-Qt.nokia.com_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Qt.nokia.com-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A phone simulator allows testing of Qt apps. Apps compiled for the simulator are compiled to native code for the development platform, rather than having to be emulated.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Application development can either use C++ or <a href="/wiki/QML" title="QML">QML</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Symbian_C++"><span id="Symbian_C.2B.2B"></span>Symbian C++</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Symbian C++"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As Symbian OS is written in C++ using Symbian Software's coding standards, it is possible to develop using Symbian C++, although it is not a standard implementation. Before the release of the Qt SDK, this was the standard development environment. There were multiple platforms based on Symbian OS that provided <a href="/wiki/Software_development_kit" title="Software development kit">software development kits</a> (SDKs) for application developers wishing to target Symbian OS devices, the main ones being UIQ and S60. Individual phone products, or families, often had SDKs or SDK extensions downloadable from the maker's website too. </p><p>The SDKs contain documentation, the header files and library files needed to build Symbian OS software, and a Windows-based emulator ("WINS"). Up until Symbian OS version 8, the SDKs also included a version of the <a href="/wiki/GNU_Compiler_Collection" title="GNU Compiler Collection">GNU Compiler Collection</a> (GCC) compiler (a <a href="/wiki/Cross-compiler" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross-compiler">cross-compiler</a>) needed to build software to work on the device. </p><p>Symbian OS 9 and the Symbian platform use a new <a href="/wiki/Application_binary_interface" title="Application binary interface">application binary interface</a> (ABI) and needed a different compiler. A choice of compilers is available including a newer version of GCC (see external links below). </p><p>Symbian C++ programming has a steep <a href="/wiki/Learning_curve" title="Learning curve">learning curve</a>, as Symbian C++ requires the use of special techniques such as descriptors, active objects and the cleanup stack. This can make even relatively simple programs initially harder to implement than in other environments. It is possible that the techniques, developed for the much more restricted mobile hardware and compilers of the 1990s, caused extra complexity in source code because programmers are required to concentrate on low-level details instead of more application-specific features. As of 2010, these issues are no longer the case when using standard C++, with the Qt SDK. </p><p>Symbian C++ programming is commonly done with an <a href="/wiki/Integrated_development_environment" title="Integrated development environment">integrated development environment</a> (IDE). For earlier versions of Symbian OS, the commercial IDE <a href="/wiki/CodeWarrior" title="CodeWarrior">CodeWarrior</a> for Symbian OS was favoured. The CodeWarrior tools were replaced during 2006 by <a href="/wiki/Carbide.c%2B%2B" title="Carbide.c++">Carbide.c++</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Eclipse_(software)" title="Eclipse (software)">Eclipse</a>-based IDE developed by Nokia. Carbide.c++ is offered in four different versions: Express, Developer, Professional, and OEM, with increasing levels of capability. Fully featured software can be created and released with the Express edition, which is free. Features such as UI design, crash debugging etc. are available in the other, charged-for, editions. <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Visual_Studio" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Visual Studio">Microsoft Visual Studio</a> 2003 and 2005 are also supported via the <a href="/wiki/Carbide.vs" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbide.vs">Carbide.vs</a> plugin. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_languages">Other languages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Other languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NokiaE61.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/NokiaE61.jpg/200px-NokiaE61.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/NokiaE61.jpg/300px-NokiaE61.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/NokiaE61.jpg/400px-NokiaE61.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1704" data-file-height="2272" /></a><figcaption>Symbian v9.1 with a <a href="/wiki/S60_(software_platform)" title="S60 (software platform)">S60v</a>3 interface, on a <a href="/wiki/Nokia_E61" title="Nokia E61">Nokia E61</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Symbian devices can also be programmed using <a href="/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" title="Python (programming language)">Python</a>, <a href="/wiki/Java_Platform,_Micro_Edition" title="Java Platform, Micro Edition">Java ME</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Lite" title="Adobe Flash Lite">Flash Lite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)" title="Ruby (programming language)">Ruby</a>, <a href="/wiki/.NET_Framework" title=".NET Framework">.NET</a>, <a href="/wiki/Web_Runtime_(WRT)" class="mw-redirect" title="Web Runtime (WRT)">Web Runtime (WRT)</a> Widgets and Standard <a href="/wiki/C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a>/<a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Visual Basic programmers can use <a href="/wiki/NS_Basic" title="NS Basic">NS Basic</a> to develop apps for S60 3rd Edition and UIQ 3 devices. </p><p>In the past, <a href="/wiki/Visual_Basic" title="Visual Basic">Visual Basic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Visual_Basic_.NET" class="mw-redirect" title="Visual Basic .NET">Visual Basic .NET</a>, and <a href="/wiki/C_Sharp_(programming_language)" title="C Sharp (programming language)">C#</a> development for Symbian were possible through <a href="/wiki/AppForge" title="AppForge">AppForge</a> Crossfire, a plug-in for Microsoft Visual Studio. On 13 March 2007 AppForge ceased operations; Oracle purchased the intellectual property, but announced that they did not plan to sell or provide support for former AppForge products. Net60, a .NET compact framework for Symbian, which is developed by redFIVElabs, is sold as a commercial product. With Net60, VB.NET, and C# (and other) source code is compiled into an intermediate language (IL) which is executed within the Symbian OS using a just-in-time compiler. (As of 18 January 2010, RedFiveLabs has ceased development of Net60 with this announcement on their landing page: "At this stage we are pursuing some options to sell the IP so that Net60 may continue to have a future.") </p><p>There is also a version of a <a href="/wiki/Borland" title="Borland">Borland</a> IDE for Symbian OS. Symbian development is also possible on <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> and <a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a> using tools and methods developed by the community, partly enabled by Symbian releasing the source code for key tools. A plug-in that allows development of Symbian OS applications in Apple's <a href="/wiki/Xcode" title="Xcode">Xcode</a> IDE for Mac OS X was available.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Java_ME" class="mw-redirect" title="Java ME">Java ME</a> applications for Symbian OS are developed using standard techniques and tools such as the <a href="/wiki/Sun_Java_Wireless_Toolkit" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun Java Wireless Toolkit">Sun Java Wireless Toolkit</a> (formerly the J2ME Wireless Toolkit). They are packaged as JAR (and possibly JAD) files. Both CLDC and CDC applications can be created with <a href="/wiki/NetBeans" title="NetBeans">NetBeans</a>. Other tools include <a href="/wiki/SuperWaba" title="SuperWaba">SuperWaba</a>, which can be used to build Symbian 7.0 and 7.0s programs using Java. </p><p>Nokia S60 phones can also run <a href="/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" title="Python (programming language)">Python</a> scripts when the interpreter <a href="/wiki/Python_for_S60" title="Python for S60">Python for S60</a> is installed, with a custom made API that allows for Bluetooth support and such. There is also an interactive console to allow the user to write Python scripts directly from the phone. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Deployment">Deployment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Deployment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Once developed, Symbian applications need to find a route to customers' mobile phones. They are packaged in <a href="/wiki/SIS_(file_format)" title="SIS (file format)">SIS</a> files which may be installed over-the-air, via PC connect, Bluetooth or on a memory card. An alternative is to partner with a phone manufacturer and have the software included on the phone itself. Applications must be Symbian Signed for Symbian OS 9.x to make use of certain capabilities (system capabilities, restricted capabilities and device manufacturer capabilities).<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Applications could be signed for free in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Architecture">Architecture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Architecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Technology_domains_and_packages">Technology domains and packages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Technology domains and packages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Symbian's design is subdivided into <i>technology domains</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> each of which comprises a set of software <i>packages</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Each technology domain has its own roadmap, and the Symbian Foundation has a team of technology managers who manage these technology domain roadmaps. </p><p>Every package is allocated to exactly one technology domain, based on the general functional area to which the package contributes and by which it may be influenced. By grouping related packages by themes, the Symbian Foundation hopes to encourage a strong community to form around them and to generate discussion and review. </p><p>The Symbian System Model<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> illustrates the scope of each of the technology domains across the platform packages. </p><p>Packages are owned and maintained by a package owner, a named individual from an organization member of the Symbian Foundation, who accepts code contributions from the wider Symbian community and is responsible for package. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Symbian_kernel">Symbian kernel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Symbian kernel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Symbian kernel (<a href="/wiki/EKA2" title="EKA2">EKA2</a>) supports sufficiently fast <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/real-time" class="extiw" title="wikt:real-time">real-time</a> response to build a single-core phone around it – that is, a phone in which a single processor core executes both the user <a href="/wiki/Application_software" title="Application software">applications</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Signalling_stack" class="mw-redirect" title="Signalling stack">signalling stack</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The real-time kernel has a <a href="/wiki/Microkernel" title="Microkernel">microkernel</a> architecture containing only the minimum, most basic primitives and functionality, for maximum robustness, availability and responsiveness. It has been termed a <a href="/wiki/Nanokernel" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanokernel">nanokernel</a>, because it needs an extended kernel to implement any other abstractions. It contains a <a href="/wiki/Scheduling_(computing)" title="Scheduling (computing)">scheduler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Memory_management" title="Memory management">memory management</a> and <a href="/wiki/Device_driver" title="Device driver">device drivers</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_network" title="Telecommunications network">networking</a>, telephony, and <a href="/wiki/File_system" title="File system">file system</a> support services in the OS Services Layer or the Base Services Layer. The inclusion of device drivers means the kernel is not a <i>true</i> microkernel. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Design">Design</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Symbian features <a href="/wiki/Pre-emptive_multitasking" class="mw-redirect" title="Pre-emptive multitasking">pre-emptive multitasking</a> and <a href="/wiki/Memory_protection" title="Memory protection">memory protection</a>, like other operating systems (especially those created for use on desktop computers). EPOC's approach to multitasking was inspired by <a href="/wiki/OpenVMS" title="OpenVMS">VMS</a> and is based on asynchronous server-based events. </p><p>Symbian OS was created with three systems design principles in mind: </p> <ol><li>the integrity and security of user data is paramount</li> <li>user time must not be wasted</li> <li>all resources are scarce</li></ol> <p>To best follow these principles, Symbian uses a <a href="/wiki/Microkernel" title="Microkernel">microkernel</a>, has a request-and-callback approach to services, and maintains separation between user interface and engine. The OS is optimised for low-power battery-based devices and for <a href="/wiki/Read-only_memory" title="Read-only memory">read-only memory</a> (ROM)-based systems (e.g. features like XIP and re-entrancy in shared libraries). The OS, and <a href="/wiki/Application_software" title="Application software">application software</a>, follows an <a href="/wiki/Object-oriented_programming" title="Object-oriented programming">object-oriented programming</a> design named <a href="/wiki/Model%E2%80%93view%E2%80%93controller" title="Model–view–controller">model–view–controller</a> (MVC). </p><p>Later OS iterations diluted this approach in response to market demands, notably with the introduction of a real-time kernel and a platform security model in versions 8 and 9. </p><p>There is a strong emphasis on conserving resources which is exemplified by Symbian-specific programming idioms like <a href="/wiki/Data_descriptor" title="Data descriptor">descriptors</a> and a cleanup stack. Similar methods exist to conserve storage space. Further, all Symbian programming is event-based, and the <a href="/wiki/Central_processing_unit" title="Central processing unit">central processing unit</a> (CPU) is switched into a low power mode when applications are not directly dealing with an event. This is done via a programming idiom called <a href="/wiki/Active_objects" class="mw-redirect" title="Active objects">active objects</a>. Similarly the Symbian approach to threads and processes is driven by reducing overheads. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Operating_system">Operating system</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Operating system"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The All over Model contains the following layers, from top to bottom: </p> <ul><li>UI <a href="/wiki/Software_framework" title="Software framework">Framework</a> Layer</li> <li>Application Services Layer <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Java_ME" class="mw-redirect" title="Java ME">Java ME</a></li></ul></li> <li>OS Services Layer <ul><li>generic OS services</li> <li>communications services</li> <li>multimedia and graphics services</li> <li>connectivity services</li></ul></li> <li>Base Services Layer</li> <li>Kernel Services & Hardware Interface Layer</li></ul> <p>The Base Services Layer is the lowest level reachable by user-side operations; it includes the <a href="/wiki/File_Server" class="mw-redirect" title="File Server">File Server</a> and User Library, a Plug-In <a href="/wiki/Software_framework" title="Software framework">Framework</a> which manages all plug-ins, Store, Central Repository, <a href="/wiki/DBMS" class="mw-redirect" title="DBMS">DBMS</a> and cryptographic services. It also includes the Text Window Server and the Text Shell: the two basic services from which a completely functional port can be created without the need for any higher layer services. </p><p>Symbian has a <a href="/wiki/Microkernel" title="Microkernel">microkernel</a> architecture, which means that the minimum necessary is within the kernel to maximise robustness, availability and responsiveness. It contains a <a href="/wiki/Scheduling_(computing)" title="Scheduling (computing)">scheduler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Memory_management" title="Memory management">memory management</a> and device drivers, but other services like networking, telephony and <a href="/wiki/File_system" title="File system">file system</a> support are placed in the OS Services Layer or the Base Services Layer. The inclusion of device drivers means the kernel is not a <i>true</i> microkernel. The <a href="/wiki/EKA2" title="EKA2">EKA2</a> real-time kernel, which has been termed a <a href="/wiki/Nanokernel" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanokernel">nanokernel</a>, contains only the most basic primitives and requires an extended kernel to implement any other abstractions. </p><p>Symbian is designed to emphasise compatibility with other devices, especially removable media file systems. Early development of EPOC led to adopting <a href="/wiki/File_Allocation_Table" title="File Allocation Table">File Allocation Table</a> (FAT) as the internal file system, and this remains, but an object-oriented persistence model was placed over the underlying FAT to provide a <a href="/wiki/POSIX" title="POSIX">POSIX</a>-style interface and a streaming model. The internal data formats rely on using the same APIs that create the data to run all file manipulations. This has resulted in data-dependence and associated difficulties with changes and <a href="/wiki/Data_migration" title="Data migration">data migration</a>. </p><p>There is a large networking and communication subsystem, which has three main servers called: ETEL (EPOC telephony), ESOCK (EPOC sockets) and C32 (responsible for serial communication). Each of these has a plug-in scheme. For example, ESOCK allows different ".PRT" protocol modules to implement various networking protocol schemes. The subsystem also contains code that supports short-range communication links, such as <a href="/wiki/Bluetooth" title="Bluetooth">Bluetooth</a>, <a href="/wiki/IrDA" class="mw-redirect" title="IrDA">IrDA</a> and <a href="/wiki/USB" title="USB">USB</a>. </p><p>There is also a large volume of <a href="/wiki/User_interface" title="User interface">user interface</a> (UI) Code. Only the base classes and substructure were contained in Symbian OS, while most of the actual user interfaces were maintained by third parties. This is no longer the case. The three major UIs – S60, UIQ and MOAP – were contributed to Symbian in 2009. Symbian also contains graphics, text layout and font rendering libraries. </p><p>All native Symbian C++ applications are built up from three framework classes defined by the application architecture: an application class, a document class and an application user interface class. These classes create the fundamental application behaviour. The remaining needed functions, the application view, data model and data interface, are created independently and interact solely through their APIs with the other classes. </p><p>Many other things do not yet fit into this model – for example, <a href="/wiki/SyncML" title="SyncML">SyncML</a>, <a href="/wiki/Java_Platform,_Micro_Edition" title="Java Platform, Micro Edition">Java ME</a> providing another set of APIs on top of most of the OS and <a href="/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia">multimedia</a>. Many of these are frameworks, and vendors are expected to supply plug-ins to these frameworks from third parties (for example, <a href="/wiki/Helix_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Helix Project">Helix Player</a> for multimedia <a href="/wiki/Codec" title="Codec">codecs</a>). This has the advantage that the APIs to such areas of functionality are the same on many phone models, and that vendors get a lot of flexibility. But it means that phone vendors needed to do a great deal of integration work to make a Symbian OS phone. </p><p>Symbian includes a reference user-interface called "TechView". It provides a basis for starting customisation and is the environment in which much Symbian test and example code runs. It is very similar to the user interface from the <a href="/wiki/Psion_Series_5" title="Psion Series 5">Psion Series 5 personal organiser</a> and is not used for any production phone user interface. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Symbian_UI_variants,_platforms"><span id="Symbian_UI_variants.2C_platforms"></span>Symbian UI variants, platforms</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Symbian UI variants, platforms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Symbian, as it advanced to OS version 7.0, spun off into several different <a href="/wiki/Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">graphical user interfaces</a>, each backed by a certain company or group of companies. Unlike <a href="/wiki/Android_OS" class="mw-redirect" title="Android OS">Android OS</a>'s cosmetic GUIs, Symbian GUIs are referred to as "platforms" due to more significant modifications and integrations. Things became more complicated when applications developed for different Symbian GUI platforms were not compatible with each other, and this led to OS fragmentation.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>User Interfaces platforms that run on or are based on Symbian OS include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S60_(software_platform)" title="S60 (software platform)">S60</a>, Symbian, also called Series 60. It was backed mainly by Nokia. There are several editions of this platform, appearing first as S60 (1st Edition) on <a href="/wiki/Nokia_7650" title="Nokia 7650">Nokia 7650</a>. It was followed by S60 2nd Edition (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Nokia_N70" title="Nokia N70">Nokia N70</a>), S60 3rd Edition (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Nokia_N73" title="Nokia N73">Nokia N73</a>) and S60 5th Edition (which introduced touch UI e.g. <a href="/wiki/Nokia_N97" title="Nokia N97">Nokia N97</a>). The name, S60, was changed to just Symbian after the formation of Symbian Foundation, and subsequently called Symbian^1, 2 and 3.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Series_80_(software_platform)" title="Series 80 (software platform)">Series 80</a> used by Nokia Communicators such as <a href="/wiki/Nokia_9300i" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia 9300i">Nokia 9300i</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Series_90_(software_platform)" title="Series 90 (software platform)">Series 90</a> Touch and button based. The only phone using this platform is <a href="/wiki/Nokia_7710" title="Nokia 7710">Nokia 7710</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/UIQ" title="UIQ">UIQ</a> backed mainly by <a href="/wiki/Sony_Ericsson" class="mw-redirect" title="Sony Ericsson">Sony Ericsson</a> and then <a href="/wiki/Motorola" title="Motorola">Motorola</a>. It is compatible with both buttons and touch/stylus based inputs. The last major release version is UIQ3.1 in 2008, on <a href="/wiki/Sony_Ericsson_G900" class="mw-redirect" title="Sony Ericsson G900">Sony Ericsson G900</a>. It was discontinued after the formation of Symbian Foundation, and the decision to consolidate different Symbian UI variants into one led to the adoption of S60 as the version going forward.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MOAP" title="MOAP">MOAP</a> (Mobile Oriented Applications Platform) [Japan Only] used by <a href="/wiki/Fujitsu" title="Fujitsu">Fujitsu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Electric" title="Mitsubishi Electric">Mitsubishi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sony_Ericsson" class="mw-redirect" title="Sony Ericsson">Sony Ericsson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sharp_Corporation" title="Sharp Corporation">Sharp</a>-developed phones for <a href="/wiki/NTT_DoCoMo" class="mw-redirect" title="NTT DoCoMo">NTT DoCoMo</a>. It uses an interface developed specifically for DoCoMo's <a href="/wiki/FOMA" class="mw-redirect" title="FOMA">FOMA</a> "Freedom of Mobile Access" network brand and is based on the UI from earlier Fujitsu FOMA models. The user cannot install new C++ applications. (Japan Only)</li> <li><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%9A%E3%83%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF%E3%83%91%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF" class="extiw" title="ja:オペレータパック">OPP</a> [Japan Only], successor of MOAP, used on <a href="/wiki/NTT_DoCoMo" class="mw-redirect" title="NTT DoCoMo">NTT DoCoMo</a>'s <a href="/wiki/FOMA" class="mw-redirect" title="FOMA">FOMA</a> phone.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Version_comparison">Version comparison</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Version comparison"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="clear:right;" class=""></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 88%; max-width:40em;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Feature </th> <th>Symbian^3/Anna/Belle </th> <th>Symbian^2 </th> <th>Symbian^1/<a href="/wiki/Series_60" class="mw-redirect" title="Series 60">Series 60</a> 5th Edition </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Series_60" class="mw-redirect" title="Series 60">Series 60</a> 3rd Edition </th> <th><a href="/wiki/UIQ" title="UIQ">UIQ</a> (2.0) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Series_80_(software_platform)" title="Series 80 (software platform)">Series 80</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Year released </th> <td>2010 (Symbian^3), 2011 (Symbian Anna, Nokia Belle) </td> <td>2010 <small>(Japan only with MOAP/OPP middleware)</small> </td> <td>2008 </td> <td>2006 </td> <td>2002 </td> <td>2001 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Company </th> <td>Symbian Foundation, later Nokia </td> <td>Symbian Foundation </td> <td>Symbian Foundation </td> <td>Nokia </td> <td><a href="/wiki/UIQ_Technology" title="UIQ Technology">UIQ Technology</a> </td> <td>Nokia </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Symbian OS version </th> <td>9.5 (Symbian^3/Symbian Anna), 10.1 (Nokia Belle) </td> <td>? </td> <td>9.4 </td> <td>9.3 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><a href="/wiki/Series_60" class="mw-redirect" title="Series 60">Series 60</a> version </th> <td>5.2 (Symbian^3/Symbian Anna),<sup id="cite_ref-UAProf_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UAProf-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 5.3 (Nokia Belle), 5.4 (Nokia Belle FP1) </td> <td>5.1 </td> <td>5th Edition </td> <td>3rd Edition Feature Pack 2 </td> <td>N/A </td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Touch input support </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><a href="/wiki/Multi_touch" class="mw-redirect" title="Multi touch">Multi touch</a> input support </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Number of customizable home screens </th> <td>Three to six (Five on <a href="/wiki/Nokia_E6" title="Nokia E6">Nokia E6</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nokia_500" title="Nokia 500">Nokia 500</a>, six on Nokia Belle) </td> <td> </td> <td>One </td> <td>Two </td> <td> </td> <td>One </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><a href="/wiki/Wi-Fi" title="Wi-Fi">Wi-Fi</a> version support </th> <td><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11#802.11b" title="IEEE 802.11">B</a>, <a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11#802.11g" title="IEEE 802.11">G</a>, <a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11#802.11n" title="IEEE 802.11">N</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>B, G </td> <td>B, G </td> <td>B, G </td> <td>B, G </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><a href="/wiki/USB_on_the_go" class="mw-redirect" title="USB on the go">USB on the go</a> support </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><a href="/wiki/DVB-H" title="DVB-H">DVB-H</a> support </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes, with extra headset<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #EEE); color: var(--color-base, black); vertical-align: middle; white-space: nowrap; text-align: center;" class="table-Unknown">Unknown, but have <a href="/wiki/1seg" title="1seg">1seg</a> support<sup id="cite_ref-F07BUM_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-F07BUM-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes, with extra headset </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes, with extra headset </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><a href="/wiki/FM_transmitter_(personal_device)" title="FM transmitter (personal device)">Short range FM transmitter</a> support </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><a href="/wiki/FM_radio" class="mw-redirect" title="FM radio">FM radio</a> support </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td>? </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>External Storage Card Support </th> <td>MicroSD, up to 32GB </td> <td>MicroSD </td> <td>MicroSD </td> <td>MicroSD, MiniSD </td> <td>Memory Stick, MicroSD, MultiMedia Card </td> <td>MultiMedia Card </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash" title="Adobe Flash">Adobe Flash</a> support </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes, <a href="/wiki/Flash_Lite" class="mw-redirect" title="Flash Lite">Flash Lite</a> native version 4.0, upgradable </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes, <a href="/wiki/Flash_Lite" class="mw-redirect" title="Flash Lite">Flash Lite</a> native version 3.1, upgradable </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes, <a href="/wiki/Flash_Lite" class="mw-redirect" title="Flash Lite">Flash Lite</a> native version 3.1, upgradable </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes, <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player">Flash</a> native version 6, not upgradable </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Silverlight" title="Microsoft Silverlight">Microsoft Silverlight</a> support </th> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-silverlightforum_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-silverlightforum-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Obsolete_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Obsolete-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><a href="/wiki/OpenGL_ES" title="OpenGL ES">OpenGL ES</a> support </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes, version 2.0 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><a href="/wiki/SQLite" title="SQLite">SQLite</a> support </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>CPU architecture support </th> <td>ARM </td> <td><a href="/wiki/SuperH#SH-Mobile" title="SuperH">SH-Mobile</a> </td> <td>ARM </td> <td>ARM </td> <td>ARM </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Programmed in </th> <td><a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qt_(software)" title="Qt (software)">Qt</a> </td> <td>? </td> <td><a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qt_(software)" title="Qt (software)">Qt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qt_(software)" title="Qt (software)">Qt</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>License </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Eclipse_Public_License" title="Eclipse Public License">Eclipse Public License</a>;<br />Since 31 March 2011: Nokia Symbian License 1.0 </td> <td>proprietary SFL license, while some portions of source code are EPL licensed. </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Public issues list </th> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No more </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><a href="/wiki/Package_manager" title="Package manager">Package manager</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/.sis" class="mw-redirect" title=".sis">.sis</a>, .sisx </td> <td>? </td> <td><a href="/wiki/.sis" class="mw-redirect" title=".sis">.sis</a>, .sisx </td> <td><a href="/wiki/.sis" class="mw-redirect" title=".sis">.sis</a>, .sisx </td> <td><a href="/wiki/.sis" class="mw-redirect" title=".sis">.sis</a>, .sisx </td> <td><a href="/wiki/.sis" class="mw-redirect" title=".sis">.sis</a>, .sisx </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Non English languages support </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td>mainly Japanese </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Underlining spell checker </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-SH08CUM_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SH08CUM-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Keeps state on shutdown or crash </th> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Internal search </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-F07BUM_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-F07BUM-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><a href="/wiki/Proxy_server" title="Proxy server">Proxy server</a> </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td>? </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>On-device encryption </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-F07BUM_61-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-F07BUM-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><a href="/wiki/Cut,_copy,_and_paste" title="Cut, copy, and paste">Cut, copy, and paste</a> support </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-SH08CUM_67-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SH08CUM-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Undo </th> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Default <a href="/wiki/Web_Browser_for_S60" class="mw-redirect" title="Web Browser for S60">Web Browser for S60</a>, <a href="/wiki/WebKit" title="WebKit">WebKit</a> engine </th> <td>version 7.2, engine version 525 (Symbian^3);<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> version 7.3, engine version 533.4 (Symbian Anna) </td> <td> </td> <td>version 7.1.4, engine version 525; version 7.3, engine version 533.4 (for 9 selected units after firmware updates released in summer 2011) </td> <td>engine version 413 (<a href="/wiki/Nokia_N79" title="Nokia N79">Nokia N79</a>) </td> <td>N/A </td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Official App Store </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Nokia" title="Nokia">Nokia</a> <a href="/wiki/Ovi_Store" class="mw-redirect" title="Ovi Store">Ovi Store</a> </td> <td>i-αppli/i-Widget<sup id="cite_ref-SH08CUM_67-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SH08CUM-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nokia" title="Nokia">Nokia</a> <a href="/wiki/Ovi_Store" class="mw-redirect" title="Ovi Store">Ovi Store</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sony_Ericsson" class="mw-redirect" title="Sony Ericsson">Sony Ericsson</a> PlayNow Arena </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nokia" title="Nokia">Nokia</a> <a href="/wiki/Ovi_Store" class="mw-redirect" title="Ovi Store">Ovi Store</a>, <a href="/wiki/Download!" title="Download!">Download!</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Email sync protocol support </th> <td>POP3, IMAP </td> <td><a href="/wiki/I-mode" title="I-mode">i-mode</a> mail<sup id="cite_ref-SH08CUM_67-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SH08CUM-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>POP3, IMAP </td> <td>POP3, IMAP </td> <td>POP3, IMAP </td> <td>POP3, IMAP </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>NFC Support </th> <td>Yes </td> <td>No </td> <td>No </td> <td>No </td> <td>No </td> <td>No </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Push alerts </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Voice recognition </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Tethering </th> <td>USB, Bluetooth; mobile Wi-Fi hotspot, with third-party software </td> <td> </td> <td>USB, Bluetooth; mobile Wi-Fi hotspot, with third-party software </td> <td>USB, Bluetooth; mobile Wi-Fi hotspot, with third-party software </td> <td> </td> <td>USB, Bluetooth; </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Text, document support </th> <td>Mobile Office Applications, PDF </td> <td>Mobile Office Applications, PDF </td> <td>Mobile Office Applications, PDF </td> <td>Mobile Office Applications, PDF </td> <td>Mobile Office Applications, PDF </td> <td>Mobile Office Applications, PDF </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Audio playback </th> <td>All </td> <td>wma,<sup id="cite_ref-F07BUM_61-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-F07BUM-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> aac<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td>All </td> <td>All </td> <td> </td> <td>wav, mp3 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Video playback </th> <td>H.263, H.264, WMV, MPEG4, MPEG4@ HD 720p 25–30 frames/s, MKV, DivX, XviD </td> <td>WMV,<sup id="cite_ref-SH08CUM_67-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SH08CUM-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> MPEG4<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td>H.263, WMV, MPEG4, 3GPP, 3GPP2 </td> <td>H.263, WMV, MPEG4, 3GPP, 3GPP2 </td> <td> </td> <td>H.263, 3GPP, 3GPP2 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><a href="/wiki/Turn-by-turn_navigation" title="Turn-by-turn navigation">Turn-by-turn GPS</a> </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes, with third-party software, or <a href="/wiki/Nokia_Maps" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia Maps">Nokia Maps</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes, with monthly paid Docomo Map Navi<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">ドコモ地図ナビ<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></span>)</span> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes, with third-party software, or <a href="/wiki/Nokia_Maps" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia Maps">Nokia Maps</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes, with third-party software, or <a href="/wiki/Nokia_Maps" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia Maps">Nokia Maps</a> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes, with third-party software </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Video out </th> <td>Nokia AV (3.5mm), PAL, NTSC, <a href="/wiki/HDMI" title="HDMI">HDMI</a>, <a href="/wiki/DLNA" title="DLNA">DLNA</a> via Nokia Play To </td> <td><a href="/wiki/HDMI" title="HDMI">HDMI</a>, and </td> <td>Nokia AV (3.5mm), PAL, NTSC </td> <td>Nokia AV (3.5mm), PAL, NTSC </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Multitasking </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Desktop interactive widgets </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Integrated hardware keyboard </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Bluetooth keyboard </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-F07BUM_61-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-F07BUM-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Video conference front video camera </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Can share data via Bluetooth with all devices </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Skype, third-party software </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-skype.com_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-skype.com-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-skype.com_71-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-skype.com-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-skype.com_71-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-skype.com-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Facebook IM chat </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td>? </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><a href="/wiki/Secure_Shell" title="Secure Shell">Secure Shell</a> (SSH) </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes, third-party software </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes, third-party software </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes, third-party software </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><a href="/wiki/OpenVPN" title="OpenVPN">OpenVPN</a> </th> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No, Nokia VPN can be used </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No, Nokia VPN can be used </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No, Nokia VPN can be used </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes, third-party software </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Remote frame buffer </th> <td>? </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Screenshot </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes, third-party software<sup id="cite_ref-antonypranata.com_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-antonypranata.com-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes, third-party software<sup id="cite_ref-antonypranata.com_72-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-antonypranata.com-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes, third-party software<sup id="cite_ref-antonypranata.com_72-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-antonypranata.com-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>GPU acceleration </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Official SDK platform(s) </th> <td>Cross-platform, Windows (preferred is <a href="/wiki/Qt_(software)" title="Qt (software)">Qt</a>), <a href="/wiki/Carbide.c%2B%2B" title="Carbide.c++">Carbide.c++</a>, <a href="/wiki/Java_ME" class="mw-redirect" title="Java ME">Java ME</a>, Web Runtime Widgets, <a href="/wiki/Flash_Lite" class="mw-redirect" title="Flash Lite">Flash Lite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Python_for_Symbian" class="mw-redirect" title="Python for Symbian">Python for Symbian</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Cross-platform, Windows (preferred is <a href="/wiki/Qt_(software)" title="Qt (software)">Qt</a>), <a href="/wiki/Carbide.c%2B%2B" title="Carbide.c++">Carbide.c++</a>, <a href="/wiki/Java_ME" class="mw-redirect" title="Java ME">Java ME</a>, Web Runtime Widgets, <a href="/wiki/Flash_Lite" class="mw-redirect" title="Flash Lite">Flash Lite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Python_for_Symbian" class="mw-redirect" title="Python for Symbian">Python for Symbian</a> </td> <td>Cross-platform, Windows (preferred is <a href="/wiki/Qt_(software)" title="Qt (software)">Qt</a>), <a href="/wiki/Carbide.c%2B%2B" title="Carbide.c++">Carbide.c++</a>, <a href="/wiki/Java_ME" class="mw-redirect" title="Java ME">Java ME</a>, Web Runtime Widget, <a href="/wiki/Flash_Lite" class="mw-redirect" title="Flash Lite">Flash Lite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Python_for_Symbian" class="mw-redirect" title="Python for Symbian">Python for Symbian</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Cross-platform, Windows (preferred is <a href="/wiki/Qt_(software)" title="Qt (software)">Qt</a>), <a href="/wiki/Carbide.c%2B%2B" title="Carbide.c++">Carbide.c++</a>, <a href="/wiki/Java_ME" class="mw-redirect" title="Java ME">Java ME</a>, third-party software (OPL) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Status of updates ▲ </th> <td>Discontinued </td> <td>Discontinued </td> <td>Discontinued </td> <td>Discontinued </td> <td>Discontinued </td> <td>Discontinued </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>First device(s) </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Nokia_N8" title="Nokia N8">Nokia N8</a> (Symbian^3), <a href="/wiki/Nokia_C7" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia C7">Nokia C7</a> (Symbian^3), <a href="/wiki/Nokia_X7" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia X7">Nokia X7</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_E6" title="Nokia E6">Nokia E6</a> (Anna), <a href="/wiki/Nokia_603" title="Nokia 603">Nokia 603</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_700" title="Nokia 700">Nokia 700</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_701" title="Nokia 701">Nokia 701</a> (Belle) </td> <td><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/F-07B" class="extiw" title="ja:F-07B">NTT DOCOMO STYLE Series F-07B</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nokia_5800" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia 5800">Nokia 5800</a> (2 October 2008) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nokia_N96" title="Nokia N96">Nokia N96</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_N78" title="Nokia N78">Nokia N78</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_6210_Navigator" title="Nokia 6210 Navigator">Nokia 6210 Navigator</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nokia_6220_Classic" title="Nokia 6220 Classic">Nokia 6220 Classic</a> (11 February 2008) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sony_Ericsson_P800" title="Sony Ericsson P800">Sony Ericsson P800</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nokia_9210" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia 9210">Nokia 9210</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Devices </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Nokia_N8" title="Nokia N8">Nokia N8</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_C6-01" title="Nokia C6-01">Nokia C6-01</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_C7-00" title="Nokia C7-00">Nokia C7-00</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_E7-00" title="Nokia E7-00">Nokia E7-00</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_E6" title="Nokia E6">Nokia E6</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_X7" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia X7">Nokia X7</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_500" title="Nokia 500">Nokia 500</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_603" title="Nokia 603">Nokia 603</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_600" title="Nokia 600">Nokia 600</a> (cancelled), <a href="/wiki/Nokia_700" title="Nokia 700">Nokia 700</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_701" title="Nokia 701">Nokia 701</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_808_PureView" title="Nokia 808 PureView">Nokia 808 PureView</a> </td> <td>NTT DoCoMo: F-06B*,<sup id="cite_ref-DoCoMoS2_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DoCoMoS2-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> F-07B*,<sup id="cite_ref-DoCoMoS2_73-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DoCoMoS2-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> F-08B*,<sup id="cite_ref-DoCoMoS2_73-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DoCoMoS2-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SH-07B†,<sup id="cite_ref-DoCoMoS2_73-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DoCoMoS2-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> F-10B,<sup id="cite_ref-symb2devices_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-symb2devices-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Raku-Raku Phone 7,<sup id="cite_ref-symb2devices_74-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-symb2devices-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> F-01C*,<sup id="cite_ref-DoCoMoS3_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DoCoMoS3-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> F-02C*,<sup id="cite_ref-DoCoMoS3_75-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DoCoMoS3-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> F-03C*,<sup id="cite_ref-DoCoMoS3_75-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DoCoMoS3-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> F-04C*,<sup id="cite_ref-DoCoMoS3_75-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DoCoMoS3-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> F-05C*,<sup id="cite_ref-DoCoMoS3_75-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DoCoMoS3-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SH-01C†,<sup id="cite_ref-DoCoMoS3_75-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DoCoMoS3-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SH-02C†,<sup id="cite_ref-DoCoMoS3_75-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DoCoMoS3-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SH-04C†,<sup id="cite_ref-DoCoMoS3_75-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DoCoMoS3-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SH-05C†,<sup id="cite_ref-DoCoMoS3_75-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DoCoMoS3-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SH-06C†,<sup id="cite_ref-DoCoMoS3_75-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DoCoMoS3-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Touch Wood SH-08C†<sup id="cite_ref-DoCoMoS3_75-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DoCoMoS3-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><b>Nokia:</b> 5228, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_5230" title="Nokia 5230">5230</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_5233" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia 5233">5233</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_5235" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia 5235">5235</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_5250" title="Nokia 5250">5250</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_5530_XpressMusic" title="Nokia 5530 XpressMusic">5530 XpressMusic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_5800_XpressMusic" title="Nokia 5800 XpressMusic">5800 XpressMusic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_5800_Navigation_Edition" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia 5800 Navigation Edition">5800 Navigation Edition</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_C5-03" title="Nokia C5-03">C5-03</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_C6-00" title="Nokia C6-00">C6-00</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_N97" title="Nokia N97">N97</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_N97" title="Nokia N97">N97 mini</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_X6_(2009)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia X6 (2009)">X6</a>; <p><b>Samsung:</b> <a href="/wiki/Samsung_i8910" class="mw-redirect" title="Samsung i8910">i8910 Omnia HD</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-omniaHD_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-omniaHD-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Sony Ericsson:</b> <a href="/wiki/Sony_Ericsson_Satio" title="Sony Ericsson Satio">Satio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sony_Ericsson_Vivaz" title="Sony Ericsson Vivaz">Vivaz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sony_Ericsson_Vivaz_Pro" class="mw-redirect" title="Sony Ericsson Vivaz Pro">Vivaz Pro</a> </p> </td> <td><b>Nokia:</b> <a href="/wiki/Nokia_5320_XpressMusic" title="Nokia 5320 XpressMusic">5320 XpressMusic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_5630_XpressMusic" title="Nokia 5630 XpressMusic">5630 XpressMusic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_5730_XpressMusic" title="Nokia 5730 XpressMusic">5730 XpressMusic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_6210_Navigator" title="Nokia 6210 Navigator">6210 Navigator</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_6220_Classic" title="Nokia 6220 Classic">6220 Classic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_6650_fold" title="Nokia 6650 fold">6650 fold</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_6710_Navigator" title="Nokia 6710 Navigator">6710 Navigator</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_6720_Classic" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia 6720 Classic">6720 Classic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_6730" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia 6730">6730 Classic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_6760_Slide" title="Nokia 6760 Slide">6760 Slide</a>, 6790 Surge, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_E5-00" title="Nokia E5-00">E5-00</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_E51" title="Nokia E51">E51</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_E52" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia E52">E52</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_E55" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia E55">E55</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_E71" title="Nokia E71">E71</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_E72" title="Nokia E72">E72</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_E75" title="Nokia E75">E75</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_N78" title="Nokia N78">N78</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_N79" title="Nokia N79">N79</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_N82" title="Nokia N82">N82</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_N85" title="Nokia N85">N85</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_N86_8MP" title="Nokia N86 8MP">N86 8MP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_N96" title="Nokia N96">N96</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_X5" title="Nokia X5">X5</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_C5-00" title="Nokia C5-00">C5-00</a>;<br /><b>Samsung:</b> <a href="/wiki/Samsung_GT-i8510" class="mw-redirect" title="Samsung GT-i8510">GT-i8510 (INNOV8)</a>, GT-i7110 (Pilot), SGH-L870, <a href="/wiki/Samsung_SGH-i550w" title="Samsung SGH-i550w">SGH-i550</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samsung_SGH-G810" title="Samsung SGH-G810">SGH-G810</a> </td> <td><b>Sony Ericsson</b> ...<br /><b>Motorola</b> ... </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nokia_9210" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia 9210">Nokia 9210</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_9300" title="Nokia 9300">Nokia 9300</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_9300i" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia 9300i">Nokia 9300i</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_9500" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia 9500">Nokia 9500</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Latest firmware name </th> <th>Nokia Belle Feature Pack 2/ Belle Refresh </th> <th>Symbian^2 </th> <th>Symbian^1/<a href="/wiki/Series_60" class="mw-redirect" title="Series 60">Series 60</a> 5th Edition </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Series_60" class="mw-redirect" title="Series 60">Series 60</a> 3rd Edition Feature Pack 2 </th> <th>UIQ ? </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Series_80_(software_platform)" title="Series 80 (software platform)">Series 80</a> </th></tr></tbody></table> <p>* Manufactured by <a href="/wiki/Fujitsu" title="Fujitsu">Fujitsu</a><br /> † Manufactured by <a href="/wiki/Sharp_Electronics" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharp Electronics">Sharp</a><br /> ▲ <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.microsoft.com/en/mobile/support/software-update/nokia-belle-symbian-software-update/">Software update service for Nokia Belle and Symbian (S60) phones is discontinued at the end of December 2015</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Market_share_and_competition">Market share and competition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Market share and competition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Q1 2004 2.4 million Symbian phones were shipped, double the number as in Q1 2003. Symbian Ltd. was particularly impressed by progress made in Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>3.7 million devices were shipped in Q3 2004, a growth of 201% compared to Q3 2003 and market share growing from 30.5% to 50.2%. However, in the United States it was much less popular, with a 6% market share in Q3 2004, well behind <a href="/wiki/Palm_OS" title="Palm OS">Palm OS</a> (43%) and <a href="/wiki/Windows_Mobile" title="Windows Mobile">Windows Mobile</a> (25%). This has been attributed to North American customers preferring wireless <a href="/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant" title="Personal digital assistant">PDAs</a> over smartphones, as well as Nokia's low popularity there.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 16 November 2006, the 100 millionth <a href="/wiki/Smartphone" title="Smartphone">smartphone</a> running the OS was shipped.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 21 July 2009, more than 250 million devices running Symbian OS had been produced.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2006, Symbian had 73% of the smartphone market,<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> compared with 22.1% of the market in the second quarter of 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the end of May 2006, 10 million Symbian-powered phones were sold in Japan, representing 11% of Symbian's total worldwide shipments of 89 million.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By November 2007 the figure was 30 million, achieving a market share of 65% by June 2007 in the Japanese market.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Symbian has lost market share over the years as the market has dramatically grown, with new competing platforms entering the market, though its sales have increased during the same timeframe. E.g., although Symbian's share of the global smartphone market dropped from 52.4% in 2008 to 47.2% in 2009, shipments of Symbian devices grew 4.8%, from 74.9 million units to 78.5 million units.<sup id="cite_ref-canalys.com_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-canalys.com-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From Q2 2009 to Q2 2010, shipments of Symbian devices grew 41.5%, by 8.0 million units, from 19,178,910 units to 27,129,340; compared to an increase of 9.6 million units for Android, 3.3 million units for RIM, and 3.2 million units for Apple.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prior reports on device shipments as published in February 2010 showed that the Symbian devices formed a 47.2% share of the smart mobile devices shipped in 2009, with <a href="/wiki/Research_In_Motion" class="mw-redirect" title="Research In Motion">RIM</a> having 20.8%, Apple having 15.1% (via <a href="/wiki/IOS_(Apple)" class="mw-redirect" title="IOS (Apple)">iOS</a>), Microsoft having 8.8% (via <a href="/wiki/Windows_CE" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows CE">Windows CE</a> and <a href="/wiki/Windows_Mobile" title="Windows Mobile">Windows Mobile</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> having 4.7%.<sup id="cite_ref-canalys.com_85-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-canalys.com-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the number of "smart mobile device" sales, Symbian devices were the market leaders for 2010. Statistics showed that Symbian devices formed a 37.6% share of smart mobile devices sold, with <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> having 22.7%, <a href="/wiki/Research_In_Motion" class="mw-redirect" title="Research In Motion">RIM</a> having 16%, and Apple having 15.7% (via <a href="/wiki/IOS_(Apple)" class="mw-redirect" title="IOS (Apple)">iOS</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-arstechnica.com_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arstechnica.com-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some estimates indicate that the number of mobile devices shipped with the Symbian OS up to the end of Q2 2010 is 385 million.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Over the course of 2009–10, <a href="/wiki/Motorola_Mobility" title="Motorola Mobility">Motorola</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samsung_Electronics" title="Samsung Electronics">Samsung</a>, <a href="/wiki/LG_Electronics" title="LG Electronics">LG</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sony_Ericsson" class="mw-redirect" title="Sony Ericsson">Sony Ericsson</a> announced their withdrawal from Symbian in favour of alternative platforms including Google's <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a>, Microsoft's <a href="/wiki/Windows_Phone" title="Windows Phone">Windows Phone</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Q2 2012, according to IDC worldwide market share has dropped to an all-time low of 4.4%.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism">Criticism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Criticism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The users of Symbian in the countries with non-Latin alphabets (such as Russia, Ukraine and others) have been criticizing the complicated method of language switching for many years.<sup id="cite_ref-NokiaE7lang_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NokiaE7lang-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, if a user wants to type a Latin letter, they must call the menu, click the languages item, use arrow keys to choose, for example, the English language from among many other languages, and then press the 'OK' button. After typing the Latin letter, the user must repeat the procedure to return to their native keyboard. This method slows down typing significantly. In touch-phones and QWERTY phones the procedure is slightly different but remains time-consuming. All other mobile operating systems, as well as Nokia's S40 phones, enable switching between two initially selected languages by one click or a single gesture. </p><p>Early versions of the firmware for the original <a href="/wiki/Nokia_N97" title="Nokia N97">Nokia N97</a>, running on Symbian^1/Series 60 5th Edition have been heavily criticized as buggy (also contributed by the low amount of <a href="/wiki/RAM" class="mw-redirect" title="RAM">RAM</a> installed in the phone).<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2010, Smartphone blog <i>All About Symbian</i> criticized the performance of <a href="/wiki/S60_web_browser" class="mw-redirect" title="S60 web browser">Symbian's default web browser</a> and recommended the alternative browser <a href="/wiki/Opera_Mobile" title="Opera Mobile">Opera Mobile</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nokia's Senior Vice President <a href="/wiki/Jo_Harlow" class="mw-redirect" title="Jo Harlow">Jo Harlow</a> promised an updated browser in the first quarter of 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are many different versions and editions of Symbian, which led to fragmentation. Apps and software may be incompatible when installed across different versions of Symbian.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Malware">Malware</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Malware"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Mobile_virus" class="mw-redirect" title="Mobile virus">Mobile virus</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Mobile_security" title="Mobile security">Mobile security</a></div> <p>Symbian OS is subject to a variety of viruses, the best known of which is <a href="/wiki/Cabir_(computer_worm)" title="Cabir (computer worm)">Cabir</a>. Usually these send themselves from phone to phone by Bluetooth. So far, none have exploited any flaws in Symbian OS. Instead, they have all asked the user whether they want to install the software, with somewhat prominent warnings that it can't be trusted, although some rely on <a href="/wiki/Social_engineering_(security)" title="Social engineering (security)">social engineering</a>, often in the form of messages that come with the malware: <a href="/wiki/Rogue_software" class="mw-redirect" title="Rogue software">rogue software</a> purporting to be a utility, game, or some other application for Symbian. </p><p>However, with a view that the average mobile phone user shouldn't have to worry about security, Symbian OS 9.x adopted a <a href="/wiki/Unix" title="Unix">Unix</a>-style <a href="/wiki/Capability-based_security#POSIX_capabilities" title="Capability-based security">capability</a> model (permissions per process, not per object). Installed software is theoretically unable to do damaging things (such as costing the user money by sending network data) without being digitally signed – thus making it traceable. Commercial developers who can afford the cost can apply to have their software signed via the Symbian Signed program. Developers also have the option of self-signing their programs. However, the set of available features does not include access to Bluetooth, IrDA, GSM CellID, voice calls, GPS and few others. Some operators opted to disable all certificates other than the Symbian Signed certificates. </p><p>Some other hostile programs are listed below, but all of them still require the input of the user to run. </p> <ul><li>Drever.A is a malicious SIS file <a href="/wiki/Trojan_horse_(computing)" title="Trojan horse (computing)">trojan</a> that attempts to disable the automatic startup from Simworks and Kaspersky Symbian Anti-Virus applications.</li> <li>Locknut.B is a malicious SIS file trojan that pretends to be a patch for Symbian S60 mobile phones. When installed, it drops<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (June 2012)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> a binary that will crash a critical system service component. This will prevent any application from being launched in the phone.</li> <li>Mabir.A is basically <a href="/wiki/Caribe_(computer_worm)" class="mw-redirect" title="Caribe (computer worm)">Cabir</a> with added MMS functionality. The two are written by the same author,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and the code shares many similarities. It spreads using <a href="/wiki/Bluetooth" title="Bluetooth">Bluetooth</a> via the same routine as early variants of Cabir. As Mabir.A activates, it will search for the first phone it finds, and starts sending copies of itself to that phone.</li> <li>Fontal.A is an SIS file trojan that installs a corrupted file which causes the phone to fail at reboot. If the user tries to reboot the infected phone, it will be permanently stuck on the reboot screen, and cannot be used without disinfection – that is, the use of the reformat key combination which causes the phone to lose all data. Being a trojan, Fontal cannot spread by itself – the most likely way for the user to get infected would be to acquire the file from untrusted sources, and then install it to the phone, inadvertently or otherwise.</li></ul> <p>A new form of malware threat to Symbian OS in the form of 'cooked firmware' was demonstrated at the International Malware Conference, <a href="/wiki/Malcon" class="mw-redirect" title="Malcon">Malcon</a>, December 2010, by Indian hacker Atul Alex.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bypassing_platform_security">Bypassing platform security</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Bypassing platform security"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Symbian OS 9.x devices can be hacked to remove the platform security introduced in OS 9.1 onwards, allowing users to execute unsigned code.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This allows altering system files, and access to previously locked areas of the OS. The hack was criticised by Nokia for potentially increasing the <a href="/wiki/Threat_(computer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Threat (computer)">threat</a> posed by mobile viruses as <a href="/wiki/Unsigned_code" class="mw-redirect" title="Unsigned code">unsigned code</a> can be executed.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Version_history">Version history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Version history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Version</th> <th>Description </th></tr> <tr> <td>EPOC16</td> <td>EPOC16, originally simply named EPOC, was the operating system developed by Psion in the late 1980s and early 1990s for Psion's "SIBO" (SIxteen Bit Organisers) devices. All EPOC16 devices featured an <a href="/wiki/Intel_8086" title="Intel 8086">8086</a>-family processor and a <a href="/wiki/16-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="16-bit">16-bit</a> architecture. EPOC16 was a single-user <a href="/wiki/Preemptive_multitasking#Preemptive_multitasking" class="mw-redirect" title="Preemptive multitasking">preemptive multitasking</a> operating system, written in Intel 8086 <a href="/wiki/Assembly_language" title="Assembly language">assembly language</a> and <a href="/wiki/C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a> and designed to be delivered in <a href="/wiki/Read-only_memory" title="Read-only memory">read-only memory</a> (ROM). It supported a simple programming language named <a href="/wiki/Open_Programming_Language" title="Open Programming Language">Open Programming Language</a> (OPL) and an <a href="/wiki/Integrated_development_environment" title="Integrated development environment">integrated development environment</a> (IDE) named OVAL. SIBO devices included the: MC200, MC400, <a href="/wiki/Psion_3" class="mw-redirect" title="Psion 3">Series 3</a> (1991–98), Series 3a, Series 3c, Series 3mx, Siena, Workabout, and Workabout mx. The MC400 and MC200, the first EPOC16 devices, shipped in 1989. <p>EPOC16 featured a primarily monochrome, keyboard-operated graphical interface<sup id="cite_ref-GBG_103-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GBG-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – the hardware for which it was designed originally had <a href="/wiki/Pointing_device" title="Pointing device">pointer</a> input in the form of a digitiser panel. </p><p>In the late 1990s, the operating system was referred to as <i>EPOC16</i> to distinguish it from Psion's then-new EPOC32 OS. </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>EPOC32 (releases 1 to 5)</td> <td>The first version of EPOC32, Release 1 appeared on the Psion <a href="/wiki/Psion_5" class="mw-redirect" title="Psion 5">Series 5</a> ROM v1.0 in 1997. Later, ROM v1.1 featured Release 3. (Release 2 was never publicly available.) These were followed by the <a href="/wiki/Psion_Series_5mx" class="mw-redirect" title="Psion Series 5mx">Psion Series 5mx</a>, <a href="/wiki/Psion_Revo" title="Psion Revo">Revo</a> / Revo plus, <a href="/wiki/Psion_Series_7" title="Psion Series 7">Psion Series 7</a> / <a href="/wiki/Psion_netBook" title="Psion netBook">netBook</a> and netPad (which all featured Release 5). <p>The EPOC32 operating system, at the time simply referred to as EPOC, was later renamed Symbian OS. Adding to the confusion with names, before the change to Symbian, EPOC16 was often referred to as SIBO to distinguish it from the "new" EPOC. Despite the similarity of the names, EPOC32 and EPOC16 were completely different operating systems, EPOC32 being written in C++ from a new codebase with development beginning during the mid-1990s. </p><p>EPOC32 was a <a href="/wiki/Pre-emptive_multitasking" class="mw-redirect" title="Pre-emptive multitasking">pre-emptive multitasking</a>, single user operating system with memory protection, which encourages the application developer to separate their program into an engine and an <a href="/wiki/User_interface" title="User interface">interface</a>. The Psion line of PDAs come with a <a href="/wiki/Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">graphical user interface</a> called EIKON which is specifically tailored for handheld machines with a keyboard (thus looking perhaps more similar to desktop GUIs than palmtop GUIs<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). However, one of EPOC's characteristics is the ease with which new GUIs can be developed based on a core set of GUI classes, a feature which has been widely explored from <a href="/wiki/Ericsson_R380" title="Ericsson R380">Ericsson R380</a> and onwards. </p><p>EPOC32 was originally developed for the <a href="/wiki/ARM_family" class="mw-redirect" title="ARM family">ARM family</a> of processors, including the <a href="/wiki/ARM7" title="ARM7">ARM7</a>, <a href="/wiki/ARM9" title="ARM9">ARM9</a>, <a href="/wiki/StrongARM" title="StrongARM">StrongARM</a> and Intel's <a href="/wiki/XScale" title="XScale">XScale</a>, but can be compiled towards target devices using several other processor types. </p><p>During the development of EPOC32, Psion planned to license EPOC to third-party device manufacturers, and spin off its software division as Psion Software. One of the first licensees was the short-lived <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geofox&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geofox (page does not exist)">Geofox</a></i>, which halted production with less than 1,000 units sold. <a href="/wiki/Ericsson" title="Ericsson">Ericsson</a> marketed a rebranded Psion Series 5mx called the <i>MC218</i>, and later created the EPOC Release 5.1 based <a href="/wiki/Smartphone" title="Smartphone">smartphone</a>, the <i>R380</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oregon_Scientific" title="Oregon Scientific">Oregon Scientific</a> also released a budget EPOC device, the <i><a href="/wiki/Osaris" title="Osaris">Osaris</a></i> (notable as the only EPOC device to ship with Release 4). </p><p>Work started on the 32-bit version in late 1994. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Psion_5" class="mw-redirect" title="Psion 5">Series 5</a> device, released in June 1997, used the first iterations of the EPOC32 OS, codenamed "Protea", and the "Eikon" graphical user interface. </p><p>The Oregon Scientific <a href="/wiki/Osaris" title="Osaris">Osaris</a> was the only PDA to use the ER4. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Psion_5" class="mw-redirect" title="Psion 5">Psion Series 5mx</a>, <a href="/wiki/Psion_Series_7" title="Psion Series 7">Psion Series 7</a>, <a href="/wiki/Psion_Revo" title="Psion Revo">Psion Revo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diamond_Mako" class="mw-redirect" title="Diamond Mako">Diamond Mako</a>, <a href="/wiki/Psion_netBook" title="Psion netBook">Psion netBook</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ericsson_MC218" class="mw-redirect" title="Ericsson MC218">Ericsson MC218</a> were released in 1999 using ER5. A phone project was announced at <a href="/wiki/CeBIT" title="CeBIT">CeBIT</a>, the Phillips Illium/Accent, but did not achieve a commercial release. This release has been retrospectively dubbed Symbian OS 5. </p><p>The first phone using ER5u, the <a href="/wiki/Ericsson_R380" title="Ericsson R380">Ericsson R380</a> was released in November 2000. It was not an <i><a href="/wiki/Open_system_(computing)" title="Open system (computing)">open</a></i> device: software could not be installed. Notably, several never-released Psion prototypes for next generation PDAs, including a Bluetooth Revo successor codenamed <i>Conan</i>, were using ER5u. The 'u' in the name refers to it supporting <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a>. </p><p>In June 1998, Psion Software became <a href="/wiki/Symbian_Ltd." class="mw-redirect" title="Symbian Ltd.">Symbian Ltd.</a>, a major joint venture between Psion and phone manufacturers <a href="/wiki/Ericsson" title="Ericsson">Ericsson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Motorola" title="Motorola">Motorola</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nokia" title="Nokia">Nokia</a>. As of Release 6, EPOC was renamed Symbian OS. </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Symbian OS 6.0 and 6.1</td> <td>The OS was renamed Symbian OS and envisioned as the base for a new range of <a href="/wiki/Smartphone" title="Smartphone">smartphones</a>. This release is sometimes called ER6. Psion gave 130 key staff to the new company and retained a 31% shareholding in the spin-off. <p>The first 'open' Symbian OS phone, the <a href="/wiki/Nokia_9210" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia 9210">Nokia 9210</a> Communicator, was released in June 2001. <a href="/wiki/Bluetooth" title="Bluetooth">Bluetooth</a> support was added. Almost 500,000 Symbian phones were shipped in 2001, rising to 2.1 million the following year. </p><p>Development of different UIs was made generic with a "reference design strategy" for either 'smartphone' or 'communicator' devices, subdivided further into keyboard- or tablet-based designs. Two reference UIs (DFRDs or Device Family Reference Designs) were shipped: Quartz and Crystal. The former was merged with Ericsson's <i>Ronneby</i> design and became the basis for the <a href="/wiki/UIQ" title="UIQ">UIQ</a> interface; the latter reached the market as the Nokia <a href="/wiki/Series_80_(software_platform)" title="Series 80 (software platform)">Series 80</a> UI. </p><p>Later DFRDs were Sapphire, Ruby, and Emerald. Only Sapphire came to market, evolving into the Pearl DFRD and finally the Nokia <a href="/wiki/Series_60" class="mw-redirect" title="Series 60">Series 60</a> UI, a keypad-based 'square' UI for the first true smartphones. The first one of them was the <a href="/wiki/Nokia_7650" title="Nokia 7650">Nokia 7650</a> smartphone (featuring Symbian OS 6.1), which was also the first with a built-in camera, with VGA (0.3 Mpx = 640×480) resolution. Other notable S60 Symbian 6.1 devices are the <a href="/wiki/Nokia_3650" title="Nokia 3650">Nokia 3650</a>, the short lived <a href="/wiki/Sendo_X" title="Sendo X">Sendo X</a> and <a href="/wiki/Siemens_SX1" title="Siemens SX1">Siemens SX1</a>, the first and the last Symbian phone from Siemens. </p><p>Despite these efforts to be generic, the UI was clearly split between competing companies: Crystal or Sapphire was Nokia, Quartz was Ericsson. DFRD was abandoned by Symbian in late 2002, as part of an active retreat from UI development in favour of <i>headless</i> delivery. Pearl was given to Nokia, Quartz development was spun off as UIQ Technology AB, and work with Japanese firms was quickly folded into the <a href="/wiki/MOAP" title="MOAP">MOAP</a> standard. </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Symbian OS 7.0 and 7.0s</td> <td>First shipped in 2003. This is an important Symbian release which appeared with all contemporary user interfaces including <a href="/wiki/UIQ" title="UIQ">UIQ</a> (Sony Ericsson P800, P900, P910, Motorola A925, A1000), <a href="/wiki/Series_80_(software_platform)" title="Series 80 (software platform)">Series 80</a> (Nokia 9300, 9500), <a href="/wiki/Series_90_(software_platform)" title="Series 90 (software platform)">Series 90</a> (Nokia 7710), <a href="/wiki/Series_60" class="mw-redirect" title="Series 60">Series 60</a> (Nokia 3230, 6260, 6600, 6670, 7610) as well as several <a href="/wiki/FOMA" class="mw-redirect" title="FOMA">FOMA</a> phones in Japan. It also added <a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Data_Rates_for_GSM_Evolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution">EDGE</a> support and <a href="/wiki/IPv6" title="IPv6">IPv6</a>. Java support was changed from <a href="/wiki/PJava" class="mw-redirect" title="PJava">pJava</a> and JavaPhone to one based on the Java ME standard. <p>One million Symbian phones were shipped in Q1 2003, with the rate increasing to one million a month by the end of 2003. </p><p>Symbian OS 7.0s was a version of 7.0 special adapted to have greater <a href="/wiki/Backward_compatibility" title="Backward compatibility">backward compatibility</a> with Symbian OS 6.x, partly for compatibility between the Communicator 9500 and its predecessor the Communicator 9210. </p><p>In 2004, Psion sold its stake in Symbian. The same year, the first <a href="/wiki/Computer_worm" title="Computer worm">worm</a> for mobile phones using Symbian OS, <i><a href="/wiki/Caribe_(computer_worm)" class="mw-redirect" title="Caribe (computer worm)">Cabir</a></i>, was developed, which used <a href="/wiki/Bluetooth" title="Bluetooth">Bluetooth</a> to spread itself to nearby phones. See <a href="/wiki/Caribe_(computer_worm)" class="mw-redirect" title="Caribe (computer worm)">Cabir</a> and <a href="/wiki/Symbian_OS_threats" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbian OS threats">Symbian OS threats</a>. </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Symbian OS 8.0</td> <td>First shipped in 2004, one of its advantages would have been a choice of two different kernels (<a href="/wiki/EKA1" title="EKA1">EKA1</a> or EKA2). However, the EKA2 kernel version did not ship until Symbian OS 8.1b. The kernels behave more or less identically from user-side, but are internally very different. EKA1 was chosen by some manufacturers to maintain compatibility with old device drivers, while EKA2 was a <a href="/wiki/Real-time_operating_system" title="Real-time operating system">real-time kernel</a>. 8.0b was deproductised in 2003. <p>Also included were new APIs to support <a href="/wiki/CDMA" class="mw-redirect" title="CDMA">CDMA</a>, <a href="/wiki/3G" title="3G">3G</a>, two-way data streaming, <a href="/wiki/DVB-H" title="DVB-H">DVB-H</a>, and <a href="/wiki/OpenGL" title="OpenGL">OpenGL</a> ES with <a href="/wiki/Vector_graphic" class="mw-redirect" title="Vector graphic">vector graphics</a> and direct screen access. </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Symbian OS 8.1</td> <td>An improved version of 8.0, this was available in 8.1a and 8.1b versions, with EKA1 and EKA2 kernels respectively. The 8.1b version, with EKA2's single-chip phone support but no additional security layer, was popular among Japanese phone companies desiring the real-time support but not allowing open application installation. <p>The first and maybe the most famous smartphone featuring Symbian OS 8.1a was <a href="/wiki/Nokia_N90" title="Nokia N90">Nokia N90</a> in 2005, <a href="/wiki/Nokia" title="Nokia">Nokia</a>'s first in <a href="/wiki/Nseries" class="mw-redirect" title="Nseries">Nseries</a>. </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Symbian OS 9.0</td> <td>Symbian OS 9.0 was used for internal Symbian purposes only. It was de-productised in 2004. 9.0 marked the end of the road for EKA1. 8.1a is the final EKA1 version of Symbian OS. <p>Symbian OS has generally maintained reasonable <a href="/wiki/Binary_code_compatibility" class="mw-redirect" title="Binary code compatibility">binary code compatibility</a>. In theory the OS was BC from ER1-ER5, then from 6.0 to 8.1b. Substantial changes were needed for 9.0, related to tools and security, but this should be a one-off event. The move from requiring ARMv4 to requiring ARMv5 did not break backwards compatibility. </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Symbian OS 9.1</td> <td>Released early 2005. It includes many new security related features, including platform security module facilitating <a href="/wiki/Mandatory_code_signing" class="mw-redirect" title="Mandatory code signing">mandatory code signing</a>. The new ARM <a href="/wiki/EABI" class="mw-redirect" title="EABI">EABI</a> binary model means developers need to retool and the security changes mean they may have to recode. <a href="/wiki/S60_platform" class="mw-redirect" title="S60 platform">S60 platform</a> 3rd Edition phones have Symbian OS 9.1. Sony Ericsson is shipping the <a href="/wiki/Sony_Ericsson_M600" title="Sony Ericsson M600">M600</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sony_Ericsson_P990" title="Sony Ericsson P990">P990</a> based on Symbian OS 9.1. The earlier versions had a defect where the phone hangs temporarily after the owner sent a large number of SMS'es. However, on 13 September 2006, Nokia released a small program to fix this defect.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Support for <a href="/wiki/Bluetooth" title="Bluetooth">Bluetooth</a> 2.0 was also added. <p>Symbian 9.1 introduced capabilities and a Platform Security framework. To access certain APIs, developers have to sign their application with a <a href="/wiki/Digital_signature" title="Digital signature">digital signature</a>. Basic capabilities are user-grantable and developers can <a href="/wiki/Self-signed_certificate" title="Self-signed certificate">self-sign</a> them, while more advanced capabilities require certification and signing via the Symbian Signed program, which uses independent 'test houses' and phone manufacturers for approval. For example, file writing is a user-grantable capability while access to Multimedia Device Drivers require phone manufacturer approval. A TC TrustCenter <a href="/wiki/Authorization_certificate" title="Authorization certificate">ACS Publisher ID certificate</a> is required by the developer for signing applications. </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Symbian OS 9.2</td> <td>Released Q1 2006. Support for <a href="/wiki/OMA_Device_Management" title="OMA Device Management">OMA Device Management</a> 1.2 (was 1.1.2). Vietnamese language support. <a href="/wiki/S60_platform" class="mw-redirect" title="S60 platform">S60</a> 3rd Edition Feature Pack 1 phones have Symbian OS 9.2. <p>Nokia phones with Symbian OS 9.2 OS include the <a href="/wiki/Nokia_E71" title="Nokia E71">Nokia E71</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_E90" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia E90">Nokia E90</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_N95" title="Nokia N95">Nokia N95</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_N82" title="Nokia N82">Nokia N82</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_N81" title="Nokia N81">Nokia N81</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nokia_5700" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia 5700">Nokia 5700</a>. </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Symbian OS 9.3</td> <td>Released on 12 July 2006. Upgrades include improved memory management and native support for Wifi <a href="/wiki/802.11" class="mw-redirect" title="802.11">802.11</a>, <a href="/wiki/HSDPA" class="mw-redirect" title="HSDPA">HSDPA</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Nokia_E72" title="Nokia E72">Nokia E72</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_5730_XpressMusic" title="Nokia 5730 XpressMusic">Nokia 5730 XpressMusic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_N79" title="Nokia N79">Nokia N79</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_N96" title="Nokia N96">Nokia N96</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_E52" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia E52">Nokia E52</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_E75" title="Nokia E75">Nokia E75</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_5320_XpressMusic" title="Nokia 5320 XpressMusic">Nokia 5320 XpressMusic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sony_Ericsson_P1" title="Sony Ericsson P1">Sony Ericsson P1</a> and others feature Symbian OS 9.3. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Symbian OS 9.4</td> <td>Announced in March 2007. Provides the concept of demand paging which is available from v9.3 onwards. Applications should launch up to 75% faster. Additionally, <a href="/wiki/SQL" title="SQL">SQL</a> support is provided by <a href="/wiki/SQLite" title="SQLite">SQLite</a>. Ships with the <a href="/wiki/Samsung_i8910" class="mw-redirect" title="Samsung i8910">Samsung i8910 Omnia HD</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_N97" title="Nokia N97">Nokia N97</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_N97_mini" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia N97 mini">Nokia N97 mini</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_5800_XpressMusic" title="Nokia 5800 XpressMusic">Nokia 5800 XpressMusic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_5530_XpressMusic" title="Nokia 5530 XpressMusic">Nokia 5530 XpressMusic</a>, Nokia 5228, Nokia 5230, Nokia 5233, Nokia 5235, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_C5-03" title="Nokia C5-03">Nokia C5-03</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_C6-00" title="Nokia C6-00">Nokia C6-00</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_X6_(2009)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia X6 (2009)">Nokia X6</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sony_Ericsson_Satio" title="Sony Ericsson Satio">Sony Ericsson Satio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sony_Ericsson_Vivaz" title="Sony Ericsson Vivaz">Sony Ericsson Vivaz</a>, and Sony Ericsson Vivaz Pro. <p>Used as the basis for Symbian^1, the first Symbian platform release. The release is also better known as <a href="/wiki/S60_5th_edition" class="mw-redirect" title="S60 5th edition">S60 5th edition</a>, as it is the bundled interface for the OS. </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Symbian^2</td> <td>Symbian^2 is a version of Symbian that only used by Japanese manufacturers<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>, started selling in Japan market since May 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The version is not used by Nokia.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Symbian^3 (Symbian OS 9.5) and Symbian Anna</td> <td>Symbian^3 is an improvement over previous S60 5th Edition and features single touch menus in the user interface, as well as new Symbian OS kernel with hardware-accelerated graphics; further improvements will come in the first half of 2011 including portrait qwerty keyboard, a new browser and split-screen text input. Nokia announced that updates to Symbian^3 interface will be delivered gradually, as they are available; Symbian^4, the previously planned major release, is now discontinued and some of its intended features will be incorporated into Symbian^3 in successive releases, starting with Symbian Anna. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Nokia Belle (Symbian OS 10.1)</td> <td>In the summer of 2011 videos showing an early leaked version of Symbian Belle (original name of Nokia Belle) running on a <a href="/wiki/Nokia_N8" title="Nokia N8">Nokia N8</a> were published on YouTube.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <p>On 24 August 2011, Nokia announced it officially for three new smartphones, the <a href="/wiki/Nokia_600" title="Nokia 600">Nokia 600</a> (later replaced by <a href="/wiki/Nokia_603" title="Nokia 603">Nokia 603</a>), <a href="/wiki/Nokia_700" title="Nokia 700">Nokia 700</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nokia_701" title="Nokia 701">Nokia 701</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nokia officially renamed Symbian Belle to Nokia Belle in a company blog post.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nokia Belle adds to the Anna improvements with a pull-down status/notification bar, deeper <a href="/wiki/Near_field_communication" class="mw-redirect" title="Near field communication">near field communication</a> integration, free-form re-sizable homescreen widgets, and six homescreens instead of the previous three. As of 7 February 2012, Nokia Belle update is available for most phone models through Nokia Suite, coming later to Australia. Users can check the availability at the Nokia homepage.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 1 March 2012, Nokia announced a Feature Pack 1 update for Nokia Belle which will be available as an update to Nokia 603, 700, 701 (excluding others), and for <a href="/wiki/Nokia_808_PureView" title="Nokia 808 PureView">Nokia 808 PureView</a> natively. </p><p>Symbian Carla and Donna were the planned follow-up releases to Belle, to be released in late 2012 and late 2013 respectively. However it was acknowledged in May 2012 that these had been cancelled and that the upcoming Belle Feature Pack 2 would be the last version of the operating system.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The latest software release for Nokia 1st generation Symbian Belle smartphones (Nokia N8, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_C7-00" title="Nokia C7-00">C7</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_C6-01" title="Nokia C6-01">C6-01</a>, Oro, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_500" title="Nokia 500">500</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_X7-00" title="Nokia X7-00">X7</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_E7-00" title="Nokia E7-00">E7</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_E6" title="Nokia E6">E6</a>) is Nokia Belle Refresh (111.040.1511).<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2012, the Nokia Belle Feature Pack 2, widely considered the last major update for Symbian, was released for Nokia 603, 700, 701, and 808 PureView.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_devices">List of devices</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: List of devices"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Symbian_devices" title="Comparison of Symbian devices">Comparison of Symbian devices</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="telephone icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg/28px-Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg/42px-Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg/56px-Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="722" data-file-height="722" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Telephones" title="Portal:Telephones">Telephones portal</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="General">General</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: General"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bada_(operating_system)" title="Bada (operating system)">Bada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_Ovi_suite" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia Ovi suite">Nokia Ovi suite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_PC_Suite" title="Nokia PC Suite">Nokia PC Suite</a>, software package used to establish an interface between Nokia mobile devices and computers running Microsoft Windows operating system; not limited to Symbian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_Software_Updater" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia Software Updater">Nokia Software Updater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovi_(Nokia)" title="Ovi (Nokia)">Ovi store</a> Nokia's application store on the Internet, not limited to Symbian</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Development-related">Development-related</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Development-related"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accredited_Symbian_Developer" title="Accredited Symbian Developer">Accredited Symbian Developer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbide.c%2B%2B" title="Carbide.c++">Carbide.c++</a>, alternative application and OS development <a href="/wiki/Integrated_development_environment" title="Integrated development environment">IDE</a></li> <li>Cleanup stack</li> <li><a href="/wiki/P.I.P.S._Is_POSIX_on_Symbian" class="mw-redirect" title="P.I.P.S. Is POSIX on Symbian">P.I.P.S. Is POSIX on Symbian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Python_for_S60" title="Python for S60">Python for S60</a>, alternative application development language</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qt_(software)" title="Qt (software)">Qt</a>, preferred development tool, both for the OS and applications, not limited to Symbian <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qt_Creator" title="Qt Creator">Qt Creator</a> IDE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qt_Quick" title="Qt Quick">Qt Quick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QML" title="QML">QML</a>, <a href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a> based language</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MBM_(file_format)" title="MBM (file format)">MBM (file format)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-accenture-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-accenture_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsroom.accenture.com/news/nokia-and-accenture-finalize-symbian-software-development-and-support-services-outsourcing.htm">"Nokia and Accenture Finalize Symbian Software Development and Support Services Outsourcing Agreement | Accenture Newsroom"</a>. <i>newsroom.accenture.com</i>.</cite><span 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Retrieved 12 June 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lee Williams <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090419214755/http://blog.symbian.org/2009/04/16/symbian-on-intels-atom/">"Symbian on Intel's Atom architecture"</a>. Archived from the original on 19 April 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Update+makes+the+Nokia+808+PureView+even+better&rft.pub=Nokia+Conversations&rft.date=2012-10-02&rft.aulast=Ly&rft.aufirst=Boc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fconversations.nokia.com%2F2012%2F10%2F02%2Fupdate-makes-the-nokia-808-pureview-even-better%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASymbian" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorris2007" class="citation book cs1">Morris, Ben (22 June 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eu.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0470018461.html"><i>The Symbian OS architecture sourcebook : design and evolution of a mobile phone OS</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/John_Wiley_%26_Sons" class="mw-redirect" title="John Wiley & Sons">John Wiley & Sons</a>. p. 630. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-470-01846-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-470-01846-0"><bdi>978-0-470-01846-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Symbian+OS+architecture+sourcebook+%3A+design+and+evolution+of+a+mobile+phone+OS&rft.pages=630&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2007-06-22&rft.isbn=978-0-470-01846-0&rft.aulast=Morris&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feu.wiley.com%2FWileyCDA%2FWileyTitle%2FproductCd-0470018461.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASymbian" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://symbian.org/">Symbian foundation blog (which the homepage redirects to)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ohloh.net/p/symbian/analyses/latest">Symbian</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120706211336/http://www.ohloh.net/p/symbian/analyses/latest">Archived</a> 6 July 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> on <a href="/wiki/Ohloh" class="mw-redirect" title="Ohloh">Ohloh</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Symbian^3_EPL_source"><span id="Symbian.5E3_EPL_source"></span>Symbian^3 EPL source</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbian&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Symbian^3 EPL source"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/SymbianOpenSource">Most complete Symbian Open Source archive</a></li> <li><a href="https://sourceforge.net/apps/mediawiki/wildducks/index.php" class="extiw" title="sourceforge:apps/mediawiki/wildducks/index.php">wildducks</a> – Beagleboard port of Symbian S^3</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hg.slions.net/Symaptic">Symaptic</a> – C-Make build system Symbian Mercurial Repository (Windows platform)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/Template:Psion%E2%80%93Symbian" title="Template:Psion–Symbian"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Psion%E2%80%93Symbian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Psion–Symbian (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Psion%E2%80%93Symbian" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Psion–Symbian"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Psion–Symbian" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Psion_(company)" title="Psion (company)">Psion</a>–<a href="/wiki/Symbian_Software" title="Symbian Software">Symbian</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Computer_hardware" title="Computer hardware">Hardware</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pocket_computer" title="Pocket computer">Pocket computers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Psion_Organiser" title="Psion Organiser">Psion Organiser</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Psion_Organiser#Organiser_I" title="Psion Organiser">Organiser I</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psion_Organiser#Organiser_II" title="Psion Organiser">Organiser II</a> (1986)</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Clamshell_design" title="Clamshell design">Clamshell designs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Psion_Series_3" title="Psion Series 3">Psion Series 3</a> (1991) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Psion_Siena" title="Psion Siena">Psion Siena</a> (1996)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psion_Series_5" title="Psion Series 5">Psion Series 5</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psion_Revo" title="Psion Revo">Psion Revo</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Subnotebook" title="Subnotebook">Subnotebooks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Psion_netBook" title="Psion netBook">Psion netBook</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psion_Series_7" title="Psion Series 7">Psion Series 7</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Laptop" title="Laptop">Laptops</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Psion_MC_series" class="mw-redirect" title="Psion MC series">Psion MC series</a> (1989): MC200, MC400, MC400 Word, MC600 DOS</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Software" title="Software">Software</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Operatingsystems" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating<br />systems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Kernels" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kernel_(operating_system)" title="Kernel (operating system)">Kernels</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EKA1" title="EKA1">EKA1</a> (1989)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/EKA2" title="EKA2">EKA2</a></i>^° (2005)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EPOC_(operating_system)" title="EPOC (operating system)">EPOC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EPOC_(operating_system)#EPOC16_(1989–1998)" title="EPOC (operating system)">EPOC16–SIBO</a> (1989)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/EPOC_(operating_system)#EPOC32_(1997–2000)" title="EPOC (operating system)">EPOC32</a></i> (1997)</li></ul></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Symbian</a></i>^° OS (1997) (<a href="/wiki/Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">GUIs</a>: <a href="/wiki/MOAP" title="MOAP">MOAP</a>(S) (2001), <a href="/wiki/S60_(software_platform)" title="S60 (software platform)">S60</a> (2001), <a href="/wiki/UIQ" title="UIQ">UIQ</a> (2002))</li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Open_Programming_Language" title="Open Programming Language">Open Programming Language</a>, OPL (1984)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Psion_(company)" title="Psion (company)">Psion</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbian_Software" title="Symbian Software">Symbian Software</a> (1998) (<a href="/wiki/UIQ_Technology" title="UIQ Technology">UIQ Technology</a> (1999), <a href="/wiki/Symbian_Foundation" title="Symbian Foundation">Symbian Foundation</a> (2008))</li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Executives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nigel_Clifford" title="Nigel Clifford">Nigel Clifford</a> (Symbian)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Levin_(businessman)" title="David Levin (businessman)">David Levin</a> (Psion, Symbian)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i>italics</i> <b>= <a href="/wiki/Microkernel" title="Microkernel">Microkernel</a></b></li> <li><b>^ = <a href="/wiki/Real-time_operating_system" title="Real-time operating system">Real-time</a></b></li> <li><b>° = <a href="/wiki/Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">Open-source software</a></b><br /><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Psion_devices" title="Category:Psion devices">Category: Psion devices</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Touch-screen_Symbian_phones" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Symbian_platform" title="Template:Symbian platform"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Symbian_platform" title="Template talk:Symbian platform"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Symbian_platform" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Symbian platform"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Touch-screen_Symbian_phones" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Touch-screen <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Symbian</a> phones</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbian^1 models<br />(S60 5.0)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_5230" title="Nokia 5230">5230</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_5233" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia 5233">5233</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_5250" title="Nokia 5250">5250</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_5530_XpressMusic" title="Nokia 5530 XpressMusic">5530 XpressMusic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_5800_XpressMusic" title="Nokia 5800 XpressMusic">5800 XpressMusic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_C5-03" title="Nokia C5-03">C5-03</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_C6-00" title="Nokia C6-00">C6-00</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_N97" title="Nokia N97">N97</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_N97#Nokia_N97_Mini" title="Nokia N97">N97 Mini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_X6_(2009)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia X6 (2009)">X6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samsung_i8910" class="mw-redirect" title="Samsung i8910">i8910 Omnia HD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Ericsson_Satio" title="Sony Ericsson Satio">Satio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Ericsson_Vivaz" title="Sony Ericsson Vivaz">Vivaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Ericsson_Vivaz#Sony_Ericsson_Vivaz_Pro" title="Sony Ericsson Vivaz">Vivaz Pro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbian^3 models<br />(S60 5.2)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_C6-01" title="Nokia C6-01">C6-01</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_C7-00" title="Nokia C7-00">C7-00</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_C7_Astound" title="Nokia C7 Astound">C7 Astound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_E7-00" title="Nokia E7-00">E7-00</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_N8" title="Nokia N8">N8</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbian Anna models<br />(S60 5.2)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_500" title="Nokia 500">500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_E6" title="Nokia E6">E6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_X7-00" title="Nokia X7-00">X7-00</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbian Belle models<br />(S60 5.3)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_600" title="Nokia 600">600</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_603" title="Nokia 603">603</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_700" title="Nokia 700">700</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_701" title="Nokia 701">701</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbian Belle FP1 models<br />(S60 5.4)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_808_PureView" title="Nokia 808 PureView">808 PureView</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Device manufacturers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fujitsu" title="Fujitsu">Fujitsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia" title="Nokia">Nokia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samsung_Electronics" title="Samsung Electronics">Samsung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharp_Corporation" title="Sharp Corporation">Sharp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Ericsson" class="mw-redirect" title="Sony Ericsson">Sony Ericsson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Symbian_devices" title="Comparison of Symbian devices">Comparison of Symbian devices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MOAP" title="MOAP">MOAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S60_(software_platform)" title="S60 (software platform)">S60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbian_Foundation" title="Symbian Foundation">Symbian Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbian_Software" title="Symbian Software">Symbian Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UIQ" title="UIQ">UIQ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Nokia_platforms" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nokia_platforms" title="Template:Nokia platforms"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nokia_platforms" title="Template talk:Nokia platforms"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nokia_platforms" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nokia platforms"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Nokia_platforms" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Nokia" title="Nokia">Nokia</a> platforms</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating systems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maemo" title="Maemo">Maemo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MeeGo" title="MeeGo">MeeGo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_Asha_platform" title="Nokia Asha platform">Nokia Asha Platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_X_platform" title="Nokia X platform">Nokia X Platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smart_Feature_OS" class="mw-redirect" title="Smart Feature OS">Smart Feature OS</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Symbian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Software_framework" title="Software framework">Software frameworks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Series_30" title="Series 30">Series 30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Series_30%2B" title="Series 30+">Series 30+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Series_40" title="Series 40">Series 40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S60_(software_platform)" title="S60 (software platform)">Series 60</a> (<a href="/wiki/N-Gage_(service)" title="N-Gage (service)">N-Gage</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Series_80_(software_platform)" title="Series 80 (software platform)">Series 80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Series_90_(software_platform)" title="Series 90 (software platform)">Series 90</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related Articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accredited_Symbian_Developer" title="Accredited Symbian Developer">Accredited Symbian Developer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbide.c%2B%2B" title="Carbide.c++">Carbide.c++</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qt_(software)" title="Qt (software)">Qt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbian_Foundation" title="Symbian Foundation">Symbian Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_3D_Graphics_API" title="Mobile 3D Graphics API">Mobile 3D Graphics API</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mobile_operating_systems" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mobile_operating_systems" title="Template:Mobile operating systems"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mobile_operating_systems" title="Template talk:Mobile operating systems"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mobile_operating_systems" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mobile operating systems"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mobile_operating_systems" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Mobile_operating_system" title="Mobile operating system">Mobile operating systems</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_mobile_operating_systems" title="Comparison of mobile operating systems">Mobile OS comparisons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_open-source_mobile_phones" title="List of open-source mobile phones">Open-source mobile phones / OSes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Handset_Alliance" title="Open Handset Alliance">Open Handset Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Mobile_Alliance" title="Open Mobile Alliance">Open Mobile Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mobile_app_distribution_platforms" title="List of mobile app distribution platforms">Mobile app distributions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_app_development" title="Mobile app development">Mobile app development</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Linux</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Linux_Kernel" class="mw-redirect" title="Linux Kernel">Linux Kernel</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Active</b>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_custom_Android_distributions" title="List of custom Android distributions">forks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Go" title="Android Go">Android Go</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wear_OS" title="Wear OS">Wear OS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EMUI" title="EMUI">EMUI</a>/<a href="/wiki/HarmonyOS" title="HarmonyOS">HarmonyOS</a> (Linux kernel subsystem)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ChromeOS" title="ChromeOS">ChromeOS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ChromeOS_Flex" class="mw-redirect" title="ChromeOS Flex">ChromeOS Flex</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KaiOS" title="KaiOS">KaiOS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMD_Global#Smart_Feature_OS" title="HMD Global">Smart Feature OS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Kindle" title="Amazon Kindle">Kindle firmware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LuneOS" title="LuneOS">LuneOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maemo#Maemo_Leste" title="Maemo">Maemo Leste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tizen" title="Tizen">Tizen</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Defunct</b>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bada_(operating_system)" title="Bada (operating system)">Bada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firefox_OS" title="Firefox OS">Firefox OS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B2G_OS" class="mw-redirect" title="B2G OS">B2G OS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MeeGo" title="MeeGo">MeeGo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MontaVista" title="MontaVista">MontaVista</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MotoMagx" title="MotoMagx">MotoMagx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobilinux" title="Mobilinux">Mobilinux</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenEmbedded" title="OpenEmbedded">OpenEmbedded</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%85ngstr%C3%B6m_distribution" title="Ångström distribution">Ångström</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Openmoko_Linux" title="Openmoko Linux">Openmoko Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QtMoko" class="mw-redirect" title="QtMoko">QtMoko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SHR_(operating_system)" title="SHR (operating system)">SHR</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenEZX" title="OpenEZX">OpenEZX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebOS" title="WebOS">WebOS</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/GNU" title="GNU">GNU</a>/<a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Active</b>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fedora_Linux" title="Fedora Linux">Fedora Mobility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manjaro" title="Manjaro">Manjaro ARM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PostmarketOS" title="PostmarketOS">postmarketOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PureOS" title="PureOS">PureOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sailfish_OS" title="Sailfish OS">Sailfish OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SteamOS" title="SteamOS">SteamOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_Touch" title="Ubuntu Touch">Ubuntu Touch</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UBports" class="mw-redirect" title="UBports">UBports</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobian" title="Mobian">Mobian</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Defunct</b>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maemo" title="Maemo">Maemo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mer_(software_distribution)" title="Mer (software distribution)">Mer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moblin" title="Moblin">Moblin</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/XNU" title="XNU">XNU</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IPadOS" title="IPadOS">iPadOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WatchOS" title="WatchOS">watchOS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BridgeOS" title="BridgeOS">bridgeOS</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/QNX" title="QNX">QNX</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BlackBerry_10" title="BlackBerry 10">BlackBerry 10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BlackBerry_Tablet_OS" title="BlackBerry Tablet OS">BlackBerry Tablet OS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft<br />Windows</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_XP_editions#Tablet_PC_Edition" title="Windows XP editions">Windows XP Tablet PC Edition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Mobile" title="Windows Mobile">Windows Mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Phone" title="Windows Phone">Windows Phone</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Phone_7" title="Windows Phone 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Phone_8" title="Windows Phone 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Phone_8.1" title="Windows Phone 8.1">8.1</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_RT" title="Windows RT">Windows RT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10_Mobile" title="Windows 10 Mobile">Windows 10 Mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_8" title="Windows 8">Windows 8</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_8.1" title="Windows 8.1">Windows 8.1</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10">Windows 10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_11" title="Windows 11">Windows 11</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Zircon_(microkernel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zircon (microkernel)">Zircon</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fuchsia_(operating_system)" title="Fuchsia (operating system)">Fuchsia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/FreeBSD" title="FreeBSD">FreeBSD</a>/<a href="/wiki/NetBSD" title="NetBSD">NetBSD</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PlayStation_Vita_system_software" title="PlayStation Vita system software">PlayStation Vita system software</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/OpenHarmony" title="OpenHarmony">OpenHarmony</a>/<a href="/wiki/HarmonyOS_NEXT" title="HarmonyOS NEXT">HarmonyOS NEXT</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Active</b>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OpenHarmony" title="OpenHarmony">OpenHarmony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HarmonyOS" title="HarmonyOS">HarmonyOS</a> (<a href="/wiki/HarmonyOS_NEXT" title="HarmonyOS NEXT">HarmonyOS NEXT</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><b>Defunct</b>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EMUI" title="EMUI">EMUI</a> (Non GMS based)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LiteOS" title="LiteOS">LiteOS</a></li> <li>Huawei Band OS</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/FreeRTOS" title="FreeRTOS">FreeRTOS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Amazfit OS <ul><li>Zepp OS</li></ul></li> <li>MIUI Band OS</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nintendo" title="Nintendo">Nintendo system software</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nintendo_3DS_system_software" title="Nintendo 3DS system software">Nintendo 3DS system software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nintendo_DSi_system_software" title="Nintendo DSi system software">Nintendo DSi system software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nintendo_Switch_system_software" title="Nintendo Switch system software">Nintendo Switch system software</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minix_3" title="Minix 3">Minix 3</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Intel_Management_Engine" title="Intel Management Engine">Intel Management Engine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Symbian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S60_(software_platform)" title="S60 (software platform)">S60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Series_80_(software_platform)" title="Series 80 (software platform)">S80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Series_90_(software_platform)" title="Series 90 (software platform)">S90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UIQ" title="UIQ">UIQ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Binary_Runtime_Environment_for_Wireless" title="Binary Runtime Environment for Wireless">Binary Runtime Environment for Wireless</a> (BREW)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BlackBerry_OS" title="BlackBerry OS">BlackBerry OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EPOC_(operating_system)" title="EPOC (operating system)">EPOC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GEOS_(16-bit_operating_system)" title="GEOS (16-bit operating system)">GEOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_Cap" title="Magic Cap">Magic Cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_Asha_platform" title="Nokia Asha platform">Nokia Asha platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PalmDOS" class="mw-redirect" title="PalmDOS">PalmDOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palm_OS" title="Palm OS">Palm OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlayStation_Portable_system_software" title="PlayStation Portable system software">PlayStation Portable system software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Series_30" title="Series 30">S30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Series_30%2B" title="Series 30+">S30+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Series_40" title="Series 40">S40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Ericsson_Java_Platform" title="Sony Ericsson Java Platform">Sony Ericsson Java Platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThreadX" title="ThreadX">ThreadX</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Mobile_operating_systems" title="Category:Mobile operating systems">Mobile operating systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mobile_applications" title="Category:Mobile applications">Mobile applications</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Telecommunication" title="Portal:Telecommunication">Telecommunication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Software" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Software">Software</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Real-time_operating_systems_(RTOS)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Real-time_operating_systems" title="Template:Real-time operating systems"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Real-time_operating_systems" title="Template talk:Real-time operating systems"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Real-time_operating_systems" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Real-time operating systems"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Real-time_operating_systems_(RTOS)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Real-time_operating_system" title="Real-time operating system">Real-time operating systems</a> (RTOS)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating<br />systems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/POSIX" title="POSIX">POSIX</a> support</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Unix-like" title="Unix-like">Unix-like</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/DNIX" title="DNIX">DNIX</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junos_OS" title="Junos OS">Junos OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LynxOS" title="LynxOS">LynxOS</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Multi-Environment_Real-Time" title="Multi-Environment Real-Time">Multi-Environment Real-Time</a></i>^ (<i>MERT</i> – <i>Unix-RT</i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/OS2000" title="OS2000">OS2000</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QNX" title="QNX">QNX</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real-Time_Linux" class="mw-redirect" title="Real-Time Linux">Real-Time Linux</a>°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RTLinux" title="RTLinux">RTLinux</a>°</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/UNOS_(operating_system)" title="UNOS (operating system)">UNOS</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/LiteOS" title="LiteOS">LiteOS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/LiteOS" title="LiteOS">LiteOS</a></i>°</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Partial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/ChorusOS" title="ChorusOS">ChorusOS</a></i>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrity_(operating_system)" title="Integrity (operating system)">Integrity</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nucleus_RTOS" title="Nucleus RTOS">Nucleus RTOS</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/NuttX" title="NuttX">NuttX</a>^°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operating_System_Embedded" class="mw-redirect" title="Operating System Embedded">Operating System Embedded</a>^ (OSE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/PX5_RTOS" title="PX5 RTOS">PX5 RTOS</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RIOT_(operating_system)" title="RIOT (operating system)">RIOT</a>^°</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/TRON_project" title="TRON project">TRON</a> support</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ITRON_project" title="ITRON project">ITRON project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-Kernel" title="T-Kernel">T-Kernel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Micro_T-Kernel" title="Micro T-Kernel">Micro T-Kernel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-Engine_Forum" title="T-Engine Forum">T-Engine Forum</a> (organization)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-License" title="T-License">T-License</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Partial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ECos" title="ECos">eCos</a>°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RTEMS" title="RTEMS">RTEMS</a>°</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Capability-based_security" title="Capability-based security">Capability-based</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/EROS_(microkernel)" title="EROS (microkernel)">EROS</a></i>^°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SeL4" class="mw-redirect" title="SeL4">seL4</a>^°</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Java_virtual_machine" title="Java virtual machine">Java virtual machine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/JavaOS#Chorus/Jazz" title="JavaOS">Chorus/Jazz</a></i>^ (<i><a href="/wiki/JavaOS" title="JavaOS">JavaOS</a></i> + <i><a href="/wiki/ChorusOS" title="ChorusOS">ChorusOS</a></i>^)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/DOS" title="DOS">DOS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Multiuser_DOS" title="Multiuser DOS">Multiuser DOS</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Concurrent_DOS" class="mw-redirect" title="Concurrent DOS">Concurrent DOS</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/FlexOS" title="FlexOS">FlexOS</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/REAL/32" class="mw-redirect" title="REAL/32">REAL/32</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/L4_microkernel_family" title="L4 microkernel family">L4</a> kernel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/L4Linux" title="L4Linux">L<sup>4</sup>Linux</a>^°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/PikeOS" title="PikeOS">PikeOS</a>^</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/REX_OS" title="REX OS">REX OS</a></i>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wombat_(operating_system)" title="Wombat (operating system)">Wombat</a>^°</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Psion_(company)" title="Psion (company)">Psion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/EKA2" title="EKA2">EKA2</a></i>^° kernel → <i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Symbian</a> OS</i>^°</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ThreadX" title="ThreadX">ThreadX</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Embedded_Compact" title="Windows Embedded Compact">Windows Embedded Compact</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/4680_OS" class="mw-redirect" title="4680 OS">4680 OS</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/4690_Operating_System" title="4690 Operating System">4690 OS</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transaction_Processing_Facility" title="Transaction Processing Facility">Transaction Processing Facility</a> (TPF)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Texas_Instruments" title="Texas Instruments">Texas Instruments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/DSOS" title="DSOS">DSOS</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TI-RTOS#RTOS_kernel_overview" title="TI-RTOS">TI-RTOS Kernel</a>^°</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Digital_Equipment_Corporation" title="Digital Equipment Corporation">DEC</a> <a href="/wiki/PDP-11" title="PDP-11">PDP-11</a> <a href="/wiki/VAX" title="VAX">VAX</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/RSX-11" title="RSX-11">RSX-11</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/RT-11" title="RT-11">RT-11</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/VAXELN" title="VAXELN">VAXELN</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Low resource</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ChibiOS/RT" title="ChibiOS/RT">ChibiOS/RT</a>^°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contiki" title="Contiki">Contiki</a>°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ERIKA_Enterprise" title="ERIKA Enterprise">ERIKA Enterprise</a>°</li> <li>FunkOS°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apache_Mynewt" title="Apache Mynewt">Mynewt</a>°</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nano-RK" title="Nano-RK">Nano-RK</a></i>°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenComRTOS" title="OpenComRTOS">OpenComRTOS</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/PX5_RTOS" title="PX5 RTOS">PX5 RTOS</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT-Thread" title="RT-Thread">RT-Thread</a>° Nano</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RIOT_(operating_system)" title="RIOT (operating system)">RIOT</a>°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThreadX" title="ThreadX">ThreadX</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zephyr_(operating_system)" title="Zephyr (operating system)">Zephyr</a>^°</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/BeRTOS" title="BeRTOS">BeRTOS</a></i>^°</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/DioneOS" title="DioneOS">DioneOS</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segger_Microcontroller_Systems" title="Segger Microcontroller Systems">embOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FreeRTOS" title="FreeRTOS">FreeRTOS</a>^°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micro-Controller_Operating_Systems" title="Micro-Controller Operating Systems">µC/OS</a>^°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Hills_Software#Real-time_operating_systems" title="Green Hills Software">µ-velOSity</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MQX" title="MQX">MQX</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/OS-9" title="OS-9">OS-9</a> (<a href="/wiki/Microware" title="Microware">Microware</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phantom_OS" title="Phantom OS">Phantom OS</a>^°</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/PSOS_(real-time_operating_system)" title="PSOS (real-time operating system)">pSOS</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/RMX_(operating_system)" title="RMX (operating system)">RMX</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT-Thread" title="RT-Thread">RT-Thread</a>° Standard</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ScreenOS" title="ScreenOS">ScreenOS</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sintran_III" title="Sintran III">Sintran III</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/THEOS" title="THEOS">THEOS</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thoth_(operating_system)" title="Thoth (operating system)">Thoth</a></i>^ → <i><a href="/wiki/Harmony_(operating_system)" title="Harmony (operating system)">Harmony</a></i>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Versatile_Real-Time_Executive" title="Versatile Real-Time Executive">VRTX</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VxWorks" title="VxWorks">VxWorks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EulerOS" title="EulerOS">UniProton</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Software_framework" title="Software framework">Frameworks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Software_development_kit" title="Software development kit">kits</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Robot_Operating_System" title="Robot Operating System">Robot Operating System</a>° 2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RTAI" title="RTAI">RTAI</a>°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TI-RTOS" title="TI-RTOS">TI-RTOS</a>^°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenomai" title="Xenomai">Xenomai</a>°</li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Bell_(QNX)" title="Gordon Bell (QNX)">Gordon Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Cheriton" title="David Cheriton">David Cheriton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Cutler" title="Dave Cutler">Dave Cutler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Dodge" title="Dan Dodge">Dan Dodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Dunkels" title="Adam Dunkels">Adam Dunkels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Sakamura" title="Ken Sakamura">Ken Sakamura</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i>Italics</i> <b>= discontinued</b></li> <li><b>^ = <a href="/wiki/Microkernel" title="Microkernel">Microkernel</a></b></li> <li><b>° = <a href="/wiki/Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">Open-source software</a></b><br /><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_real-time_operating_systems" title="Comparison of real-time operating systems">Comparison</a></b> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Real-time_operating_systems" title="Category:Real-time operating systems">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Microkernels-nanokernels" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Microkernel" title="Template:Microkernel"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Microkernel" title="Template talk:Microkernel"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Microkernel" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Microkernel"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Microkernels-nanokernels" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Microkernel" title="Microkernel">Microkernels</a>-<a href="/wiki/Microkernel#Nanokernel" title="Microkernel">nanokernels</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kernel_(operating_system)" title="Kernel (operating system)">Kernels</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/L4_microkernel_family" title="L4 microkernel family">L4</a> family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Eumel" title="Eumel">Eumel</a></i> → <i><a href="/wiki/L3_microkernel" class="mw-redirect" title="L3 microkernel">L3</a></i> → <a href="/wiki/L4_microkernel_family" title="L4 microkernel family">L4</a>°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Kernel_Labs" title="Open Kernel Labs">OKL4</a>°</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Macintosh" class="mw-redirect" title="Macintosh">Macintosh</a> hosted</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_nanokernel" title="Mac OS nanokernel">Mac OS nanokernel</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/NuKernel" class="mw-redirect" title="NuKernel">NuKernel</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Psion_(company)" title="Psion (company)">Psion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/EKA1" title="EKA1">EKA1</a></i> → <i><a href="/wiki/EKA2" title="EKA2">EKA2</a></i>^°</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Amiga" title="Amiga">Amiga</a>-type</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Exec_(Amiga)" title="Exec (Amiga)">Exec</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exec_(Amiga)#ExecSG" title="Exec (Amiga)">ExecSG</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quark_(kernel)" title="Quark (kernel)">Quark</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/WarpOS" title="WarpOS">WarpOS</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Adaptive_Domain_Environment_for_Operating_Systems" title="Adaptive Domain Environment for Operating Systems">ADEOS</a></i>°</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/EROS_(microkernel)" title="EROS (microkernel)">EROS</a></i>^°</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/K42" title="K42">K42</a></i>°</li> <li>Little Kernel</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mach_(kernel)" title="Mach (kernel)">Mach</a></i>° <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GNU_Mach" title="GNU Mach">GNU Mach</a>°</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/MicroEmpix" title="MicroEmpix">MicroEmpix</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Hills_Software#Real-time_operating_systems" title="Green Hills Software">µ-velOSity</a>^</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Spring_(operating_system)#The_nucleus" title="Spring (operating system)">nucleus</a></i></li> <li>Off++ → Plan B</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Taligent#Pink_system" title="Taligent">Opus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/PowerUP_(accelerator)#PowerUP_software" title="PowerUP (accelerator)">PowerUP</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RTLinux" title="RTLinux">RTLinux</a>°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TI-RTOS#RTOS_kernel_overview" title="TI-RTOS">TI-RTOS kernel</a>^°</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vanguard_(microkernel)" title="Vanguard (microkernel)">Vanguard</a></i></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating<br />systems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/POSIX" title="POSIX">POSIX</a> support</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Unix-like" title="Unix-like">Unix-like</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><i><a href="/wiki/ARX_(operating_system)" title="ARX (operating system)">ARX</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNU_Hurd" title="GNU Hurd">GNU Hurd</a>°</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lites" title="Lites">Lites</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Meiko_Scientific#MeikOS" title="Meiko Scientific">MeikOS</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minix" title="Minix">Minix</a>° <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minix-vmd" class="mw-redirect" title="Minix-vmd">Minix-vmd</a>°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minix_3" title="Minix 3">Minix 3</a>°</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/MkLinux" title="MkLinux">MkLinux</a></i>°</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Multi-Environment_Real-Time" title="Multi-Environment Real-Time">Multi-Environment Real-Time</a></i>^ (<i>MERT</i> – <i>Unix-RT</i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/OS2000" title="OS2000">OS2000</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QNX" title="QNX">QNX</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redox_(operating_system)" title="Redox (operating system)">Redox</a>°</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Spring_(operating_system)" title="Spring (operating system)">Spring</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinix" title="Tinix">Tinix</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/UNICOS" title="UNICOS">UNICOS</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/VSTa" title="VSTa">VSTa</a></i></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Partial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/ChorusOS" title="ChorusOS">ChorusOS</a>^</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrity_(operating_system)" title="Integrity (operating system)">Integrity</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nucleus_RTOS" title="Nucleus RTOS">Nucleus RTOS</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/NuttX" title="NuttX">NuttX</a>^°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operating_System_Embedded" class="mw-redirect" title="Operating System Embedded">OSE</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RIOT_(operating_system)" title="RIOT (operating system)">RIOT</a>^°</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Capability-based_security" title="Capability-based security">Capability-based</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/GNOSIS" title="GNOSIS">GNOSIS</a></i> → <i><a href="/wiki/KeyKOS" title="KeyKOS">KeyKOS</a></i> → <i><a href="/wiki/EROS_(microkernel)" title="EROS (microkernel)">EROS</a></i> → CapROS</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hydra_(operating_system)" title="Hydra (operating system)">Hydra</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L4_microkernel_family#High_assurance:_seL4" title="L4 microkernel family">seL4</a>^°</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Midori_(operating_system)" title="Midori (operating system)">Midori</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/NLTSS" title="NLTSS">NLTSS</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/HarmonyOS_NEXT" title="HarmonyOS NEXT">HarmonyOS NEXT</a> (<a href="/wiki/OpenHarmony" title="OpenHarmony">OpenHarmony</a>, <a href="/wiki/OpenHarmony#Oniro_OS" title="OpenHarmony">Oniro OS</a>)</i> → <i><a href="/wiki/HarmonyOS" title="HarmonyOS">HarmonyOS</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/L4_microkernel_family" title="L4 microkernel family">L4</a> kernel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/L4Linux" title="L4Linux">L<sup>4</sup>Linux</a>^°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/PikeOS" title="PikeOS">PikeOS</a>^</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/REX_OS" title="REX OS">REX OS</a></i>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wombat_(operating_system)" title="Wombat (operating system)">Wombat</a>^°</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Java_virtual_machine" title="Java virtual machine">Java virtual machine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/JavaOS" title="JavaOS">JavaOS</a></i> (<i><a href="/wiki/JavaOS#Chorus/Jazz" title="JavaOS">Chorus/Jazz</a></i>^ integrates <i><a href="/wiki/ChorusOS" title="ChorusOS">ChorusOS</a></i>^)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/JX_(operating_system)" title="JX (operating system)">JX</a></i>°</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Macintosh" class="mw-redirect" title="Macintosh">Macintosh</a> hosted</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Unix-like" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Unix-like" title="Unix-like">Unix-like</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/MachTen" title="MachTen">MachTen</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/MacMach" title="MacMach">MacMach</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Copland_(operating_system)" title="Copland (operating system)">Copland</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_8#Mac_OS_8.6" title="Mac OS 8">Classic Mac OS</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/PowerPC" title="PowerPC">PowerPC</a> kernel)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Psion_(company)" title="Psion (company)">Psion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><i><a href="/wiki/EPOC_(operating_system)" title="EPOC (operating system)">EPOC</a></i> → <i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Symbian</a> OS</i>^°</li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Amiga" title="Amiga">Amiga</a>-type</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AmigaOS" title="AmigaOS">AmigaOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AROS_Research_Operating_System" title="AROS Research Operating System">AROS</a>° <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AROS_Research_Operating_System#AspireOS" title="AROS Research Operating System">AspireOS</a>°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AROS_Research_Operating_System#Broadway" title="AROS Research Operating System">Broadway</a>°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AROS_Research_Operating_System#Icaros_Desktop" title="AROS Research Operating System">Icaros Desktop</a>°</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MorphOS" title="MorphOS">MorphOS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Singularity_(operating_system)" title="Singularity (operating system)">Singularity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThreadX" title="ThreadX">ThreadX</a>^</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Verve_(operating_system)" title="Verve (operating system)">Verve</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/AIM_alliance" title="AIM alliance">AIM alliance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Pink</i> → <i><a href="/wiki/Taligent" title="Taligent">Taligent</a> OS</i> → <i><a href="/wiki/Workplace_OS" title="Workplace OS">Workplace OS</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Amoeba_(operating_system)" title="Amoeba (operating system)">Amoeba</a></i>°</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/BeRTOS" title="BeRTOS">BeRTOS</a></i>^°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ChibiOS/RT" title="ChibiOS/RT">ChibiOS/RT</a>^°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/FreeRTOS" title="FreeRTOS">FreeRTOS</a>^°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/HelenOS" title="HelenOS">HelenOS</a>°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micro-Controller_Operating_Systems" title="Micro-Controller Operating Systems">µC/OS</a>^°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MQX" title="MQX">MQX</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenComRTOS" title="OpenComRTOS">OpenComRTOS</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phantom_OS" title="Phantom OS">Phantom OS</a>^°</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/RC_4000_multiprogramming_system" title="RC 4000 multiprogramming system">RC 4000</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SharpOS" title="SharpOS">SharpOS</a>°</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/SPIN_(operating_system)" title="SPIN (operating system)">SPIN</a></i>°</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thoth_(operating_system)" title="Thoth (operating system)">Thoth</a></i>^ → <i><a href="/wiki/Harmony_(operating_system)" title="Harmony (operating system)">Harmony</a></i>^ → <i><a href="/wiki/V_(operating_system)" title="V (operating system)">V</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Versatile_Real-Time_Executive" title="Versatile Real-Time Executive">VRTX</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zephyr_(operating_system)" title="Zephyr (operating system)">Zephyr</a>^°</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Software_framework" title="Software framework">Frameworks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Software_development_kit" title="Software development kit">kits</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmos_(operating_system)" title="Cosmos (operating system)">Cosmos</a>°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genode" title="Genode">Genode</a>°</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TI-RTOS" title="TI-RTOS">TI-RTOS</a>^°</li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Bell_(QNX)" title="Gordon Bell (QNX)">Gordon Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bushnell" title="Thomas Bushnell">Thomas Bushnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Cheriton" title="David Cheriton">David Cheriton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Dodge" title="Dan Dodge">Dan Dodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Per_Brinch_Hansen" title="Per Brinch Hansen">Per Brinch Hansen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gernot_Heiser" title="Gernot Heiser">Gernot Heiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jochen_Liedtke" title="Jochen Liedtke">Jochen Liedtke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_G._Mitchell" title="James G. Mitchell">James G. Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ike_Nassi" title="Ike Nassi">Ike Nassi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Rashid" title="Richard Rashid">Richard Rashid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_S._Tanenbaum" title="Andrew S. Tanenbaum">Andrew S. Tanenbaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avie_Tevanian" title="Avie Tevanian">Avie Tevanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wulf" title="William Wulf">William Wulf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i>Italics</i> <b>= discontinued</b></li> <li><b>^ = <a href="/wiki/Real-time_operating_system" title="Real-time operating system">Real-time</a></b></li> <li><b>° = <a href="/wiki/Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">Open-source software</a></b><br /><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, 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