CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="content: http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/ dc: http://purl.org/dc/terms/ foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ og: http://ogp.me/ns# rdfs: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema# sioc: http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns# sioct: http://rdfs.org/sioc/types# skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core# xsd: http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"> <head profile="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml/vocab"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://catalog.upp.pitt.edu/widget-api/widget-api.min.css"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={privacy:{cookies_enabled:true},ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]},distributed_tracing:{enabled:true}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={agentID:"1103181534",accountID:"3654622",trustKey:"66686",xpid:"VwACVVBRChAJXFVRBQAPXlE=",licenseKey:"NRJS-ca290dc079ec212e4fc",applicationID:"984321885"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-spa-1.274.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>h,gD:()=>g,xN:()=>p});var n=r(993);const i=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var o=r(2614),a=r(944),s=r(384),c=r(8122);const u="[data-nr-mask]",d=()=>{const e={mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},feature_flags:[],generic_events:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},harvest:{tooManyRequestsDelay:60},jserrors:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0,level:n.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},performance:{capture_marks:!1,capture_measures:!1},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:o.wk,inactiveMs:o.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,harvestTimeSeconds:60,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){i(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(u):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=u:(0,a.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){i(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,a.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,a.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0}}},l={},f="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function h(e){if(!e)throw new Error(f);if(!l[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function p(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);l[e]=(0,c.a)(t,d());const r=(0,s.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=l[e])}function g(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);var r=h(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},5603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>c,o:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},a={};function s(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("LoaderConfig for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function c(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=a[e])}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0},d={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!d[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return d[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");d[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(d[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(d[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=d[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,Yq:()=>a,xv:()=>n});const n="1.274.0",i="PROD",o="CDN",a="^2.0.0-alpha.17"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A4:()=>s,OF:()=>d,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>h,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,lR:()=>f,m:()=>u,mw:()=>c,sb:()=>l});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s="complete"===a?.document?.readyState,c=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),u=""+a?.location,d=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),l=d&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,f=(()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);return Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2?+e[1]:0})(),h=Date.now()-(0,n.t)()},7295:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Xv:()=>a,gX:()=>i,iW:()=>o});var n=[];function i(e){if(!e||o(e))return!1;if(0===n.length)return!0;for(var t=0;t<n.length;t++){var r=n[t];if("*"===r.hostname)return!1;if(s(r.hostname,e.hostname)&&c(r.pathname,e.pathname))return!1}return!0}function o(e){return void 0===e.hostname}function a(e){if(n=[],e&&e.length)for(var t=0;t<e.length;t++){let r=e[t];if(!r)continue;0===r.indexOf("http://")?r=r.substring(7):0===r.indexOf("https://")&&(r=r.substring(8));const i=r.indexOf("/");let o,a;i>0?(o=r.substring(0,i),a=r.substring(i)):(o=r,a="");let[s]=o.split(":");n.push({hostname:s,pathname:a})}}function s(e,t){return!(e.length>t.length)&&t.indexOf(e)===t.length-e.length}function c(e,t){return 0===e.indexOf("/")&&(e=e.substring(1)),0===t.indexOf("/")&&(t=t.substring(1)),""===e||e===t}},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};d(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),h(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(d(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return h(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),h(e,t)})))}function h(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},d={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=h(n),c=g(e),d=c.length,l=0;l<d;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var p=v()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:m,listeners:g,context:h,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function h(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=g(e).concat(t)}function g(e){return n[e]||[]}function m(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),d=(0,n.Zm)();d.ee||(d.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,ZF:()=>c,bz:()=>a,el:()=>u});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}function c(){return s(16)}function u(){return s(32)}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},7485:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D:()=>i});var n=r(6154);function i(e){if(0===(e||"").indexOf("data:"))return{protocol:"data"};try{const t=new URL(e,location.href),r={port:t.port,hostname:t.hostname,pathname:t.pathname,search:t.search,protocol:t.protocol.slice(0,t.protocol.indexOf(":")),sameOrigin:t.protocol===n.gm?.location?.protocol&&t.host===n.gm?.location?.host};return r.port&&""!==r.port||("http:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="80"),"https:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="443")),r.pathname&&""!==r.pathname?r.pathname.startsWith("/")||(r.pathname="/".concat(r.pathname)):r.pathname="/",r}catch(e){return{}}}},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},3304:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A:()=>o});var n=r(7836);const i=()=>{const e=new WeakSet;return(t,r)=>{if("object"==typeof r&&null!==r){if(e.has(r))return;e.add(r)}return r}};function o(e){try{return JSON.stringify(e,i())??""}catch(e){try{n.ee.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}return""}}},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>d,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},8139:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>f});var n=r(7836),i=r(3434),o=r(8990),a=r(6154);const s={},c=a.gm.XMLHttpRequest,u="addEventListener",d="removeEventListener",l="nr@wrapped:".concat(n.P);function f(e){var t=function(e){return(e||n.ee).get("events")}(e);if(s[t.debugId]++)return t;s[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,i.YM)(t,!0);function f(e){r.inPlace(e,[u,d],"-",p)}function p(e,t){return e[1]}return"getPrototypeOf"in Object&&(a.RI&&h(document,f),h(a.gm,f),h(c.prototype,f)),t.on(u+"-start",(function(e,t){var n=e[1];if(null!==n&&("function"==typeof n||"object"==typeof n)){var i=(0,o.I)(n,l,(function(){var e={object:function(){if("function"!=typeof n.handleEvent)return;return n.handleEvent.apply(n,arguments)},function:n}[typeof n];return e?r(e,"fn-",null,e.name||"anonymous"):n}));this.wrapped=e[1]=i}})),t.on(d+"-start",(function(e){e[1]=this.wrapped||e[1]})),t}function h(e,t,...r){let n=e;for(;"object"==typeof n&&!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(n,u);)n=Object.getPrototypeOf(n);n&&t(n,...r)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Jt:()=>o,YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];d(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return d(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,d,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],d="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],d],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],d,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],d,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,l],d,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function d(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},9300:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.ajax},3333:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,Zp:()=>i,mq:()=>s,nf:()=>a,qN:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.genericEvents,i=["auxclick","click","copy","keydown","paste","scrollend"],o=["focus","blur"],a=4,s=1e3},6774:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.jserrors},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,TZ:()=>a,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log",a=n.K7.logging},3785:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{R:()=>c,b:()=>u});var n=r(9908),i=r(1863),o=r(860),a=r(3969),s=r(993);function c(e,t,r={},c=s.p_.INFO){(0,n.p)(a.xV,["API/logging/".concat(c.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,o.K7.metrics,e),(0,n.p)(s.ET,[(0,i.t)(),t,r,c],void 0,o.K7.logging,e)}function u(e){return"string"==typeof e&&Object.values(s.p_).some((t=>t===e.toUpperCase().trim()))}},3969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>d,G4:()=>o,Qb:()=>l,TZ:()=>i,Ug:()=>a,_s:()=>s,bc:()=>u,yP:()=>c});var n=r(2614);const i=r(860).K7.sessionReplay,o={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"},a=.12,s={DomContentLoaded:0,Load:1,FullSnapshot:2,IncrementalSnapshot:3,Meta:4,Custom:5},c={[n.g.ERROR]:15e3,[n.g.FULL]:3e5,[n.g.OFF]:0},u={RESET:{message:"Session was reset",sm:"Reset"},IMPORT:{message:"Recorder failed to import",sm:"Import"},TOO_MANY:{message:"429: Too Many Requests",sm:"Too-Many"},TOO_BIG:{message:"Payload was too large",sm:"Too-Big"},CROSS_TAB:{message:"Session Entity was set to OFF on another tab",sm:"Cross-Tab"},ENTITLEMENTS:{message:"Session Replay is not allowed and will not be started",sm:"Entitlement"}},d=5e3,l={API:"api"}},5270:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Aw:()=>c,CT:()=>u,SR:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(9417),o=r(7767),a=r(6154);function s(e){return!!(0,n.dV)().o.MO&&(0,o.V)(e)&&!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}function c(e){return!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_replay.preload")&&s(e)}function u(e,t){const r=t.correctAbsoluteTimestamp(e);return{originalTimestamp:e,correctedTimestamp:r,timestampDiff:e-r,originTime:a.WN,correctedOriginTime:t.correctedOriginTime,originTimeDiff:Math.floor(a.WN-t.correctedOriginTime)}}},3738:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{He:()=>i,Kp:()=>s,Lc:()=>u,Rz:()=>d,TZ:()=>n,bD:()=>o,d3:()=>a,jx:()=>l,uP:()=>c});const n=r(860).K7.sessionTrace,i="bstResource",o="resource",a="-start",s="-end",c="fn"+a,u="fn"+s,d="pushState",l=1e3},3962:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{AM:()=>o,O2:()=>s,Qu:()=>c,TZ:()=>a,ih:()=>u,tC:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i=["click","keydown","submit"],o="api",a=n.K7.softNav,s={INITIAL_PAGE_LOAD:"",ROUTE_CHANGE:1,UNSPECIFIED:2},c={INTERACTION:1,AJAX:2,CUSTOM_END:3,CUSTOM_TRACER:4},u={IP:"in progress",FIN:"finished",CAN:"cancelled"}},7378:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$p:()=>x,BR:()=>b,Kp:()=>R,L3:()=>y,Lc:()=>c,NC:()=>o,SG:()=>d,TZ:()=>i,U6:()=>p,UT:()=>m,d3:()=>w,dT:()=>f,e5:()=>A,gx:()=>v,l9:()=>l,oW:()=>h,op:()=>g,rw:()=>u,tH:()=>E,uP:()=>s,wW:()=>T,xq:()=>a});var n=r(384);const i=r(860).K7.spa,o=["click","submit","keypress","keydown","keyup","change"],a=999,s="fn-start",c="fn-end",u="cb-start",d="api-ixn-",l="remaining",f="interaction",h="spaNode",p="jsonpNode",g="fetch-start",m="fetch-done",v="fetch-body-",b="jsonp-end",y=(0,n.dV)().o.ST,w="-start",R="-end",x="-body",T="cb"+R,A="jsTime",E="fetch"},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7767:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>o});var n=r(9417),i=r(6154);const o=e=>i.RI&&!0===(0,n.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled")},425:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>j});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),u=r(5289),d=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(3969),h=r(384),p=r(6344);const g=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],m=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var v=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993),w=r(3785),R=r(2646),x=r(3434);function T(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,l.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,x.YM)(i),a=new R.y(s.P);return a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes,o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",a),i}function A(){const e=(0,h.pV)();g.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const E={};var S=r(9417),N=r(5603),O=r(5284);const _=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let I=!1;function j(e,t={},g,R){let{init:x,info:j,loader_config:P,runtime:C={},exposed:k=!0}=t;C.loaderType=g;const L=(0,h.pV)();j||(x=L.init,j=L.info,P=L.loader_config),(0,S.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,x||{}),(0,N.a)(e.agentIdentifier,P||{}),j.jsAttributes??={},d.bv&&(j.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,j);const H=(0,S.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),D=[j.beacon,j.errorBeacon];I||(H.proxy.assets&&(_(H.proxy.assets),D.push(H.proxy.assets)),H.proxy.beacon&&D.push(H.proxy.beacon),A(),(0,h.US)("activatedFeatures",O.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===H.soft_navigations.enabled&&H.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),C.denyList=[...H.ajax.deny_list||[],...H.ajax.block_internal?D:[]],C.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,C),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=function(e,t,h=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const g={};var R=s.ee.get(e),x=R.get("tracer");E[e]=b.g.OFF,R.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{E[e]=t}));var A="api-",S=A+"ixn-";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),I(A,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function O(){}g.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,w.R)(R,e,t,r)},g.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),T(R,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},m.forEach((e=>{g[e]=I(A,e,!0,"api")})),g.addPageAction=I(A,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),g.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,I(A,"setPageViewName",!0)()},g.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},g.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},g.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},g.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),R.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},g[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,R)},g[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,R)},g.interaction=function(e){return(new O).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const _=O.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),h||(0,a.p)(S+"tracer",[(0,v.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,R),function(){if(x.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,v.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw x.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{x.emit("fn-end",[(0,v.t)()],r)}}}};function I(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[(0,v.t)(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,R),r?void 0:this}}function j(){r.e(478).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,l.R)(27,e),R.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{_[e]=I(S,e,void 0,h?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),g.setCurrentRouteName=h?I(S,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):I(A,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),g.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,v.t)(),!1,r,!!E[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,R)},d.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>j()),!0):j(),g}(e.agentIdentifier,R,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=k),I=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>o,K7:()=>n,P3:()=>i});const n={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:"jserrors",logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},i={[n.pageViewEvent]:1,[n.pageViewTiming]:2,[n.metrics]:3,[n.jserrors]:4,[n.spa]:5,[n.ajax]:6,[n.sessionTrace]:7,[n.softNav]:8,[n.sessionReplay]:9,[n.logging]:10,[n.genericEvents]:11},o={[n.pageViewTiming]:"events",[n.ajax]:"events",[n.spa]:"events",[n.softNav]:"events",[n.metrics]:"jserrors",[n.jserrors]:"jserrors",[n.sessionTrace]:"browser/blobs",[n.sessionReplay]:"browser/blobs",[n.logging]:"browser/logs",[n.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>({212:"nr-spa-compressor",249:"nr-spa-recorder",478:"nr-spa"}[e]+"-1.274.0.min.js"),i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.274.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=0;d<u.length;d++){var l=u[d];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={478:"sha512-1vUqEfJPB8Pihje9mv5CfYgkitO1FWcS+UQb84DbXqP8oYctRv4/lzl/MzNLPlRhcY1WVDBGL20I8vm6s2VV7g==",249:"sha512-Y/BeZAh6VSTmUtUNmS5XdyKxL92s30Fyyj8xVW76HSPxcKItL4+x2+kGMZc8pMJnUpZDz1L4eftZQAJh3D8NnA==",212:"sha512-Gn2tQ3qog5Yhrx/gRutkSTYPp+7nkKFt4/mIXg99LxcNpMDAYJZDBYmAACdoHNM86+iq1F3cBcQotFNzjIX8bw=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var h=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(h.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=h.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=h.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={38:0,788:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(e=(0,r.LA)(16)){this.agentIdentifier=e}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var d=i(425);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),h=i(5289),p=i(6154),g=i(5270),m=i(7767),v=i(6389);class b extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,v.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if((0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6526));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(t.sharedAggregator)await t.sharedAggregator;else{t.sharedAggregator=i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,9337));const{EventAggregator:e}=await t.sharedAggregator;t.sharedAggregator=new e}if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,h.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return(0,g.SR)(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var y=i(6630);class w extends b{static featureName=y.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,y.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(384);var x=i(9908),T=i(2843),A=i(3878),E=i(782),S=i(1863);class N extends b{static featureName=E.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,E.T,t),p.RI&&((0,T.u)((()=>(0,x.p)("docHidden",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,E.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,A.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,x.p)("winPagehide",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,E.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var O=i(3969);class _ extends b{static featureName=O.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,O.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var I=i(6774),j=i(3304);class P{constructor(e,t,r,n,i){this.name="UncaughtError",this.message="string"==typeof e?e:(0,j.A)(e),this.sourceURL=t,this.line=r,this.column=n,this.__newrelic=i}}function C(e){return H(e)?e:new P(void 0!==e?.message?e.message:e,e?.filename||e?.sourceURL,e?.lineno||e?.line,e?.colno||e?.col,e?.__newrelic)}function k(e){const t="Unhandled Promise Rejection";if(!e?.reason)return;if(H(e.reason))try{return e.reason.message=t+": "+e.reason.message,C(e.reason)}catch(t){return C(e.reason)}const r=C(e.reason);return r.message=t+": "+r?.message,r}function L(e){if(e.error instanceof SyntaxError&&!/:\d+$/.test(e.error.stack?.trim())){const t=new P(e.message,e.filename,e.lineno,e.colno,e.error.__newrelic);return t.name=SyntaxError.name,t}return H(e.error)?e.error:C(e)}function H(e){return e instanceof Error&&!!e.stack}class D extends b{static featureName=I.T;#r=!1;constructor(e,r=!0){super(e,I.T,r);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}this.ee.on("internal-error",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("ierr",[C(e),(0,S.t)(),!0,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.#r=e})),p.gm.addEventListener("unhandledrejection",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("err",[k(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{unhandledPromiseRejection:1},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),p.gm.addEventListener("error",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("err",[L(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var M=i(8990);let K=1;const U="nr@id";function V(e){const t=typeof e;return!e||"object"!==t&&"function"!==t?-1:e===p.gm?0:(0,M.I)(e,U,(function(){return K++}))}function G(e){if("string"==typeof e&&e.length)return e.length;if("object"==typeof e){if("undefined"!=typeof ArrayBuffer&&e instanceof ArrayBuffer&&e.byteLength)return e.byteLength;if("undefined"!=typeof Blob&&e instanceof Blob&&e.size)return e.size;if(!("undefined"!=typeof FormData&&e instanceof FormData))try{return(0,j.A)(e).length}catch(e){return}}}var F=i(8139),B=i(7836),W=i(3434);const z={},q=["open","send"];function Z(t){var r=t||B.ee;const n=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("xhr")}(r);if(z[n.debugId]++)return n;z[n.debugId]=1,(0,F.u)(r);var i=(0,W.YM)(n),o=p.gm.XMLHttpRequest,a=p.gm.MutationObserver,s=p.gm.Promise,c=p.gm.setInterval,u="readystatechange",d=["onload","onerror","onabort","onloadstart","onloadend","onprogress","ontimeout"],l=[],f=p.gm.XMLHttpRequest=function(t){const r=new o(t),a=n.context(r);try{n.emit("new-xhr",[r],a),r.addEventListener(u,(s=a,function(){var e=this;e.readyState>3&&!s.resolved&&(s.resolved=!0,n.emit("xhr-resolved",[],e)),i.inPlace(e,d,"fn-",y)}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(15,t);try{n.emit("internal-error",[t])}catch(e){}}var s;return r};function h(e,t){i.inPlace(t,["onreadystatechange"],"fn-",y)}if(function(e,t){for(var r in e)t[r]=e[r]}(o,f),f.prototype=o.prototype,i.inPlace(f.prototype,q,"-xhr-",y),n.on("send-xhr-start",(function(e,t){h(e,t),function(e){l.push(e),a&&(g?g.then(b):c?c(b):(m=-m,v.data=m))}(t)})),n.on("open-xhr-start",h),a){var g=s&&s.resolve();if(!c&&!s){var m=1,v=document.createTextNode(m);new a(b).observe(v,{characterData:!0})}}else r.on("fn-end",(function(e){e[0]&&e[0].type===u||b()}));function b(){for(var e=0;e<l.length;e++)h(0,l[e]);l.length&&(l=[])}function y(e,t){return t}return n}var Y="fetch-",X=Y+"body-",J=["arrayBuffer","blob","json","text","formData"],Q=p.gm.Request,ee=p.gm.Response,te="prototype";const re={};function ne(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("fetch")}(e);if(!(Q&&ee&&p.gm.fetch))return t;if(re[t.debugId]++)return t;function r(e,r,n){var i=e[r];"function"==typeof i&&(e[r]=function(){var e,r=[...arguments],o={};t.emit(n+"before-start",[r],o),o[B.P]&&o[B.P].dt&&(e=o[B.P].dt);var a=i.apply(this,r);return t.emit(n+"start",[r,e],a),a.then((function(e){return t.emit(n+"end",[null,e],a),e}),(function(e){throw t.emit(n+"end",[e],a),e}))})}return re[t.debugId]=1,J.forEach((e=>{r(Q[te],e,X),r(ee[te],e,X)})),r(p.gm,"fetch",Y),t.on(Y+"end",(function(e,r){var n=this;if(r){var i=r.headers.get("content-length");null!==i&&(n.rxSize=i),t.emit(Y+"done",[null,r],n)}else t.emit(Y+"done",[e],n)})),t}var ie=i(7485),oe=i(5603);class ae{constructor(e){this.agentIdentifier=e}generateTracePayload(e){if(!this.shouldGenerateTrace(e))return null;var t=(0,oe.o)(this.agentIdentifier);if(!t)return null;var n=(t.accountID||"").toString()||null,i=(t.agentID||"").toString()||null,o=(t.trustKey||"").toString()||null;if(!n||!i)return null;var a=(0,r.ZF)(),s=(0,r.el)(),c=Date.now(),u={spanId:a,traceId:s,timestamp:c};return(e.sameOrigin||this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useTraceContextHeadersForCors())&&(u.traceContextParentHeader=this.generateTraceContextParentHeader(a,s),u.traceContextStateHeader=this.generateTraceContextStateHeader(a,c,n,i,o)),(e.sameOrigin&&!this.excludeNewrelicHeader()||!e.sameOrigin&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useNewrelicHeaderForCors())&&(u.newrelicHeader=this.generateTraceHeader(a,s,c,n,i,o)),u}generateTraceContextParentHeader(e,t){return"00-"+t+"-"+e+"-01"}generateTraceContextStateHeader(e,t,r,n,i){return i+"@nr=0-1-"+r+"-"+n+"-"+e+"----"+t}generateTraceHeader(e,t,r,n,i,o){if(!("function"==typeof p.gm?.btoa))return null;var a={v:[0,1],d:{ty:"Browser",ac:n,ap:i,id:e,tr:t,ti:r}};return o&&n!==o&&(a.d.tk=o),btoa((0,j.A)(a))}shouldGenerateTrace(e){return this.isDtEnabled()&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)}isAllowedOrigin(e){var t=!1,r={};if((0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing")&&(r=(0,s.D0)(this.agentIdentifier).distributed_tracing),e.sameOrigin)t=!0;else if(r.allowed_origins instanceof Array)for(var n=0;n<r.allowed_origins.length;n++){var i=(0,ie.D)(r.allowed_origins[n]);if(e.hostname===i.hostname&&e.protocol===i.protocol&&e.port===i.port){t=!0;break}}return t}isDtEnabled(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.enabled}excludeNewrelicHeader(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.exclude_newrelic_header}useNewrelicHeaderForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!1!==e.cors_use_newrelic_header}useTraceContextHeadersForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.cors_use_tracecontext_headers}}var se=i(9300),ce=i(7295),ue=["load","error","abort","timeout"],de=ue.length,le=(0,R.dV)().o.REQ,fe=(0,R.dV)().o.XHR;class he extends b{static featureName=se.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,se.T,t),this.dt=new ae(e.agentIdentifier),this.handler=(e,t,r,n)=>(0,x.p)(e,t,r,n,this.ee);try{const e={xmlhttprequest:"xhr",fetch:"fetch",beacon:"beacon"};p.gm?.performance?.getEntriesByType("resource").forEach((t=>{if(t.initiatorType in e&&0!==t.responseStatus){const r={status:t.responseStatus},n={rxSize:t.transferSize,duration:Math.floor(t.duration),cbTime:0};pe(r,t.name),this.handler("xhr",[r,n,t.startTime,t.responseEnd,e[t.initiatorType]],void 0,a.K7.ajax)}}))}catch(e){}ne(this.ee),Z(this.ee),function(e,t,r,n){function i(e){var t=this;t.totalCbs=0,t.called=0,t.cbTime=0,t.end=R,t.ended=!1,t.xhrGuids={},t.lastSize=null,t.loadCaptureCalled=!1,t.params=this.params||{},t.metrics=this.metrics||{},e.addEventListener("load",(function(r){T(t,e)}),(0,A.jT)(!1)),p.lR||e.addEventListener("progress",(function(e){t.lastSize=e.loaded}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}function o(e){this.params={method:e[0]},pe(this,e[1]),this.metrics={}}function s(t,r){e.loader_config.xpid&&this.sameOrigin&&r.setRequestHeader("X-NewRelic-ID",e.loader_config.xpid);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i){var o=!1;i.newrelicHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("newrelic",i.newrelicHeader),o=!0),i.traceContextParentHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("traceparent",i.traceContextParentHeader),i.traceContextStateHeader&&r.setRequestHeader("tracestate",i.traceContextStateHeader),o=!0),o&&(this.dt=i)}}function c(e,r){var n=this.metrics,i=e[0],o=this;if(n&&i){var a=G(i);a&&(n.txSize=a)}this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.body=i,this.listener=function(e){try{"abort"!==e.type||o.loadCaptureCalled||(o.params.aborted=!0),("load"!==e.type||o.called===o.totalCbs&&(o.onloadCalled||"function"!=typeof r.onload)&&"function"==typeof o.end)&&o.end(r)}catch(e){try{t.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}}};for(var s=0;s<de;s++)r.addEventListener(ue[s],this.listener,(0,A.jT)(!1))}function u(e,t,r){this.cbTime+=e,t?this.onloadCalled=!0:this.called+=1,this.called!==this.totalCbs||!this.onloadCalled&&"function"==typeof r.onload||"function"!=typeof this.end||this.end(r)}function d(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&!this.xhrGuids[r]&&(this.xhrGuids[r]=!0,this.totalCbs+=1)}function l(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&this.xhrGuids[r]&&(delete this.xhrGuids[r],this.totalCbs-=1)}function f(){this.endTime=(0,S.t)()}function h(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-added",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function g(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-removed",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function m(e,t,r){t instanceof fe&&("onload"===r&&(this.onload=!0),("load"===(e[0]&&e[0].type)||this.onload)&&(this.xhrCbStart=(0,S.t)()))}function v(e,r){this.xhrCbStart&&t.emit("xhr-cb-time",[(0,S.t)()-this.xhrCbStart,this.onload,r],r)}function b(e){var t,r=e[1]||{};if("string"==typeof e[0]?0===(t=e[0]).length&&p.RI&&(t=""+p.gm.location.href):e[0]&&e[0].url?t=e[0].url:p.gm?.URL&&e[0]&&e[0]instanceof URL?t=e[0].href:"function"==typeof e[0].toString&&(t=e[0].toString()),"string"==typeof t&&0!==t.length){t&&(this.parsedOrigin=(0,ie.D)(t),this.sameOrigin=this.parsedOrigin.sameOrigin);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i&&(i.newrelicHeader||i.traceContextParentHeader))if(e[0]&&e[0].headers)s(e[0].headers,i)&&(this.dt=i);else{var o={};for(var a in r)o[a]=r[a];o.headers=new Headers(r.headers||{}),s(o.headers,i)&&(this.dt=i),e.length>1?e[1]=o:e.push(o)}}function s(e,t){var r=!1;return t.newrelicHeader&&(e.set("newrelic",t.newrelicHeader),r=!0),t.traceContextParentHeader&&(e.set("traceparent",t.traceContextParentHeader),t.traceContextStateHeader&&e.set("tracestate",t.traceContextStateHeader),r=!0),r}}function y(e,t){this.params={},this.metrics={},this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.dt=t,e.length>=1&&(this.target=e[0]),e.length>=2&&(this.opts=e[1]);var r,n=this.opts||{},i=this.target;"string"==typeof i?r=i:"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof le?r=i.url:p.gm?.URL&&"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof URL&&(r=i.href),pe(this,r);var o=(""+(i&&i instanceof le&&i.method||n.method||"GET")).toUpperCase();this.params.method=o,this.body=n.body,this.txSize=G(n.body)||0}function w(e,t){if(this.endTime=(0,S.t)(),this.params||(this.params={}),(0,ce.iW)(this.params))return;let n;this.params.status=t?t.status:0,"string"==typeof this.rxSize&&this.rxSize.length>0&&(n=+this.rxSize);const i={txSize:this.txSize,rxSize:n,duration:(0,S.t)()-this.startTime};r("xhr",[this.params,i,this.startTime,this.endTime,"fetch"],this,a.K7.ajax)}function R(e){const t=this.params,n=this.metrics;if(!this.ended){this.ended=!0;for(let t=0;t<de;t++)e.removeEventListener(ue[t],this.listener,!1);t.aborted||(0,ce.iW)(t)||(n.duration=(0,S.t)()-this.startTime,this.loadCazptureCalled||4!==e.readyState?null==t.status&&(t.status=0):T(this,e),n.cbTime=this.cbTime,r("xhr",[t,n,this.startTime,this.endTime,"xhr"],this,a.K7.ajax))}}function T(e,r){e.params.status=r.status;var n=function(e,t){var r=e.responseType;return"json"===r&&null!==t?t:"arraybuffer"===r||"blob"===r||"json"===r?G(e.response):"text"===r||""===r||void 0===r?G(e.responseText):void 0}(r,e.lastSize);if(n&&(e.metrics.rxSize=n),e.sameOrigin){var i=r.getResponseHeader("X-NewRelic-App-Data");i&&((0,x.p)(O.rs,["Ajax/CrossApplicationTracing/Header/Seen"],void 0,a.K7.metrics,t),e.params.cat=i.split(", ").pop())}e.loadCaptureCalled=!0}t.on("new-xhr",i),t.on("open-xhr-start",o),t.on("open-xhr-end",s),t.on("send-xhr-start",c),t.on("xhr-cb-time",u),t.on("xhr-load-added",d),t.on("xhr-load-removed",l),t.on("xhr-resolved",f),t.on("addEventListener-end",h),t.on("removeEventListener-end",g),t.on("fn-end",v),t.on("fetch-before-start",b),t.on("fetch-start",y),t.on("fn-start",m),t.on("fetch-done",w)}(e,this.ee,this.handler,this.dt),this.importAggregator(e)}}function pe(e,t){var r=(0,ie.D)(t),n=e.params||e;n.hostname=r.hostname,n.port=r.port,n.protocol=r.protocol,n.host=r.hostname+":"+r.port,n.pathname=r.pathname,e.parsedOrigin=r,e.sameOrigin=r.sameOrigin}const ge={},me=["pushState","replaceState"];function ve(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("history")}(e);return!p.RI||ge[t.debugId]++||(ge[t.debugId]=1,(0,W.YM)(t).inPlace(window.history,me,"-")),t}var be=i(3738);const{He:ye,bD:we,d3:Re,Kp:xe,TZ:Te,Lc:Ae,uP:Ee,Rz:Se}=be;class Ne extends b{static featureName=Te;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,Te,t);if(!(0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier))return void this.deregisterDrain();const r=this.ee;let n;ve(r),this.eventsEE=(0,F.u)(r),this.eventsEE.on(Ee,(function(e,t){this.bstStart=(0,S.t)()})),this.eventsEE.on(Ae,(function(e,t){(0,x.p)("bst",[e[0],t,this.bstStart,(0,S.t)()],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),r.on(Se+Re,(function(e){this.time=(0,S.t)(),this.startPath=location.pathname+location.hash})),r.on(Se+xe,(function(e){(0,x.p)("bstHist",[location.pathname+location.hash,this.startPath,this.time],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)}));try{n=new PerformanceObserver((e=>{const t=e.getEntries();(0,x.p)(ye,[t],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),n.observe({type:we,buffered:!0})}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(e,{resourceObserver:n})}}var Oe=i(2614);class _e extends b{static featureName=t.TZ;#i;#o;constructor(e,r=!0){let n;super(e,t.TZ,r),this.replayRunning=!1,this.#o=e;try{n=JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("".concat(Oe.H3,"_").concat(Oe.uh)))}catch(e){}(0,g.SR)(e.agentIdentifier)&&this.ee.on(t.G4.RECORD,(()=>this.#a())),this.#s(n)?(this.#i=n?.sessionReplayMode,this.#c()):this.importAggregator(e),this.ee.on("err",(e=>{this.replayRunning&&(this.errorNoticed=!0,(0,x.p)(t.G4.ERROR_DURING_REPLAY,[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee))})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.replayRunning=e}))}#s(e){return e&&(e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.FULL||e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.ERROR)||(0,g.Aw)(this.agentIdentifier)}#u=!1;async#c(e){if(!this.#u){this.#u=!0;try{const{Recorder:t}=await Promise.all([i.e(478),i.e(249)]).then(i.bind(i,8589));this.recorder??=new t({mode:this.#i,agentIdentifier:this.agentIdentifier,trigger:e,ee:this.ee}),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(this.#o,{recorder:this.recorder,errorNoticed:this.errorNoticed})}}#a(){this.featAggregate?this.featAggregate.mode!==Oe.g.FULL&&this.featAggregate.initializeRecording(Oe.g.FULL,!0):(this.#i=Oe.g.FULL,this.#c(t.Qb.API),this.recorder&&this.recorder.parent.mode!==Oe.g.FULL&&(this.recorder.parent.mode=Oe.g.FULL,this.recorder.stopRecording(),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording))}}var Ie=i(3962);class je extends b{static featureName=Ie.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){if(super(e,Ie.TZ,t),!p.RI||!(0,R.dV)().o.MO)return;const r=ve(this.ee);Ie.tC.forEach((e=>{(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>{a(e)}),!0)}));const n=()=>(0,x.p)("newURL",[(0,S.t)(),""+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee);r.on("pushState-end",n),r.on("replaceState-end",n);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}(0,A.sp)("popstate",(e=>(0,x.p)("newURL",[e.timeStamp,""+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal);let i=!1;const o=new((0,R.dV)().o.MO)(((e,t)=>{i||(i=!0,requestAnimationFrame((()=>{(0,x.p)("newDom",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),i=!1})))})),a=(0,v.s)((e=>{(0,x.p)("newUIEvent",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),o.observe(document.body,{attributes:!0,childList:!0,subtree:!0,characterData:!0})}),100,{leading:!0});this.abortHandler=function(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),o.disconnect(),this.abortHandler=void 0},this.importAggregator(e,{domObserver:o})}}var Pe=i(7378);const Ce={},ke=["appendChild","insertBefore","replaceChild"];function Le(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("jsonp")}(e);if(!p.RI||Ce[t.debugId])return t;Ce[t.debugId]=!0;var r=(0,W.YM)(t),n=/[?&](?:callback|cb)=([^&#]+)/,i=/(.*)\.([^.]+)/,o=/^(\w+)(\.|$)(.*)$/;function a(e,t){if(!e)return t;const r=e.match(o),n=r[1];return a(r[3],t[n])}return r.inPlace(Node.prototype,ke,"dom-"),t.on("dom-start",(function(e){!function(e){if(!e||"string"!=typeof e.nodeName||"script"!==e.nodeName.toLowerCase())return;if("function"!=typeof e.addEventListener)return;var o=(s=e.src,c=s.match(n),c?c[1]:null);var s,c;if(!o)return;var u=function(e){var t=e.match(i);if(t&&t.length>=3)return{key:t[2],parent:a(t[1],window)};return{key:e,parent:window}}(o);if("function"!=typeof u.parent[u.key])return;var d={};function l(){t.emit("jsonp-end",[],d),e.removeEventListener("load",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.removeEventListener("error",f,(0,A.jT)(!1))}function f(){t.emit("jsonp-error",[],d),t.emit("jsonp-end",[],d),e.removeEventListener("load",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.removeEventListener("error",f,(0,A.jT)(!1))}r.inPlace(u.parent,[u.key],"cb-",d),e.addEventListener("load",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.addEventListener("error",f,(0,A.jT)(!1)),t.emit("new-jsonp",[e.src],d)}(e[0])})),t}const He={};function De(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("promise")}(e);if(He[t.debugId])return t;He[t.debugId]=!0;var r=t.context,n=(0,W.YM)(t),i=p.gm.Promise;return i&&function(){function e(r){var o=t.context(),a=n(r,"executor-",o,null,!1);const s=Reflect.construct(i,[a],e);return t.context(s).getCtx=function(){return o},s}p.gm.Promise=e,Object.defineProperty(e,"name",{value:"Promise"}),e.toString=function(){return i.toString()},Object.setPrototypeOf(e,i),["all","race"].forEach((function(r){const n=i[r];e[r]=function(e){let i=!1;[...e||[]].forEach((e=>{this.resolve(e).then(a("all"===r),a(!1))}));const o=n.apply(this,arguments);return o;function a(e){return function(){t.emit("propagate",[null,!i],o,!1,!1),i=i||!e}}}})),["resolve","reject"].forEach((function(r){const n=i[r];e[r]=function(e){const r=n.apply(this,arguments);return e!==r&&t.emit("propagate",[e,!0],r,!1,!1),r}})),e.prototype=i.prototype;const o=i.prototype.then;i.prototype.then=function(...e){var i=this,a=r(i);a.promise=i,e[0]=n(e[0],"cb-",a,null,!1),e[1]=n(e[1],"cb-",a,null,!1);const s=o.apply(this,e);return a.nextPromise=s,t.emit("propagate",[i,!0],s,!1,!1),s},i.prototype.then[W.Jt]=o,t.on("executor-start",(function(e){e[0]=n(e[0],"resolve-",this,null,!1),e[1]=n(e[1],"resolve-",this,null,!1)})),t.on("executor-err",(function(e,t,r){e[1](r)})),t.on("cb-end",(function(e,r,n){t.emit("propagate",[n,!0],this.nextPromise,!1,!1)})),t.on("propagate",(function(e,r,n){this.getCtx&&!r||(this.getCtx=function(){if(e instanceof Promise)var r=t.context(e);return r&&r.getCtx?r.getCtx():this})}))}(),t}const Me={},Ke="setTimeout",Ue="setInterval",Ve="clearTimeout",Ge="-start",Fe=[Ke,"setImmediate",Ue,Ve,"clearImmediate"];function Be(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("timer")}(e);if(Me[t.debugId]++)return t;Me[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,W.YM)(t);return r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(0,2),Ke+"-"),r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(2,3),Ue+"-"),r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(3),Ve+"-"),t.on(Ue+Ge,(function(e,t,n){e[0]=r(e[0],"fn-",null,n)})),t.on(Ke+Ge,(function(e,t,n){this.method=n,this.timerDuration=isNaN(e[1])?0:+e[1],e[0]=r(e[0],"fn-",this,n)})),t}const We={};function ze(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("mutation")}(e);if(!p.RI||We[t.debugId])return t;We[t.debugId]=!0;var r=(0,W.YM)(t),n=p.gm.MutationObserver;return n&&(window.MutationObserver=function(e){return this instanceof n?new n(r(e,"fn-")):n.apply(this,arguments)},MutationObserver.prototype=n.prototype),t}const{TZ:qe,d3:Ze,Kp:Ye,$p:Xe,wW:Je,e5:Qe,tH:$e,uP:et,rw:tt,Lc:rt}=Pe;class nt extends b{static featureName=qe;constructor(e,t=!0){if(super(e,qe,t),!p.RI)return;try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}let r,n=0;const i=this.ee.get("tracer"),o=Le(this.ee),a=De(this.ee),s=Be(this.ee),c=Z(this.ee),u=this.ee.get("events"),d=ne(this.ee),l=ve(this.ee),f=ze(this.ee);function h(e,t){l.emit("newURL",[""+window.location,t])}function g(){n++,r=window.location.hash,this[et]=(0,S.t)()}function m(){n--,window.location.hash!==r&&h(0,!0);var e=(0,S.t)();this[Qe]=~~this[Qe]+e-this[et],this[rt]=e}function v(e,t){e.on(t,(function(){this[t]=(0,S.t)()}))}this.ee.on(et,g),a.on(tt,g),o.on(tt,g),this.ee.on(rt,m),a.on(Je,m),o.on(Je,m),this.ee.on("fn-err",((...t)=>{t[2]?.__newrelic?.[e.agentIdentifier]||(0,x.p)("function-err",[...t],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.buffer([et,rt,"xhr-resolved"],this.featureName),u.buffer([et],this.featureName),s.buffer(["setTimeout"+Ye,"clearTimeout"+Ze,et],this.featureName),c.buffer([et,"new-xhr","send-xhr"+Ze],this.featureName),d.buffer([$e+Ze,$e+"-done",$e+Xe+Ze,$e+Xe+Ye],this.featureName),l.buffer(["newURL"],this.featureName),f.buffer([et],this.featureName),a.buffer(["propagate",tt,Je,"executor-err","resolve"+Ze],this.featureName),i.buffer([et,"no-"+et],this.featureName),o.buffer(["new-jsonp","cb-start","jsonp-error","jsonp-end"],this.featureName),v(d,$e+Ze),v(d,$e+"-done"),v(o,"new-jsonp"),v(o,"jsonp-end"),v(o,"cb-start"),l.on("pushState-end",h),l.on("replaceState-end",h),window.addEventListener("hashchange",h,(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener("load",h,(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener("popstate",(function(){h(0,n>1)}),(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var it=i(3333);class ot extends b{static featureName=it.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,it.TZ,t);const r=[e.init.page_action.enabled,e.init.performance.capture_marks,e.init.performance.capture_measures,e.init.user_actions.enabled];p.RI&&e.init.user_actions.enabled&&(it.Zp.forEach((e=>(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>(0,x.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0))),it.qN.forEach((e=>(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>(0,x.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)))))),r.some((e=>e))?this.importAggregator(e):this.deregisterDrain()}}var at=i(993),st=i(3785);class ct extends b{static featureName=at.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,at.TZ,t);const r=this.ee;this.ee.on("wrap-logger-end",(function([e]){const{level:t,customAttributes:n}=this;(0,st.R)(r,e,n,t)})),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t,r){super(r),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,R.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(w),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,d.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,R.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[he,w,N,Ne,_e,_,D,ot,ct,je,nt],loaderType:"spa"})})()})();</script> <meta name="facebook-domain-verification" content="haixvtl4mfe9eh439a5uxk0x9wmcrt" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/sites/default/files/favicons/apple-touch-icon.png?v=zX7wbNKxzG"/> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/sites/default/files/favicons/favicon-32x32.png?v=zX7wbNKxzG"/> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="192x192" href="/sites/default/files/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png?v=zX7wbNKxzG"/> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/sites/default/files/favicons/favicon-16x16.png?v=zX7wbNKxzG"/> <link rel="manifest" href="/sites/default/files/favicons/site.webmanifest?v=zX7wbNKxzG"/> <link rel="mask-icon" href="/sites/default/files/favicons/safari-pinned-tab.svg?v=zX7wbNKxzG" color="#003594"/> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/sites/default/files/favicons/favicon.ico?v=zX7wbNKxzG"/> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ffffff"/> <meta name="theme-color" content="#003594"/> <meta name="description" content="The School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences is internationally recognized for the excellence and innovation of its research programs, spanning a wide range of health and rehabilitation disciplines and areas of focus. These research programs examine mechanisms, strategies and systems to improve health and wellness of people across the lifespan at risk for or experiencing" /> <meta name="keywords" content="University, Pittsburgh, Pitt, College, Learning, Research, Students, Undergraduate, Graduate" /> <meta name="generator" content="Drupal 7 (http://drupal.org)" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/research" /> <link rel="shortlink" href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/node/3345" /> <title>Research | University of Pittsburgh School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences</title> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_lQaZfjVpwP_oGNqdtWCSpJT1EMqXdMiU84ekLLxQnc4.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_xGpmgPjQGTMovJSAZ8ngTtkyWe6262r5x1GrxM3BGe4.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_4u-GsIaFDlZ-kcdjrLYHNNCKWvo0A4Sdig-7Tksig5Q.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_0wRHOdictuZ9qN3hukwuri7E_V0BUbXr0ol7JD-mgpE.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.4.1/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@unicorn-fail/drupal-bootstrap-styles@0.0.2/dist/3.3.1/7.x-3.x/drupal-bootstrap.min.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_YjbzhabOKBggwZ5fhNEaDn7EX_rOYV48bWOAVqt0IVU.css" media="all" />   <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_OUDLtlE2VLcgu0vR3qyz4i2ni8I8J5NneuR5rVabX10.js"></script> <script>(function(h,o,t,j,a,r){ h.hj=h.hj||function(){(h.hj.q=h.hj.q||[]).push(arguments)}; h._hjSettings={hjid:"2675124",hjsv:"6"}; a=o.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]; r=o.createElement('script');r.async=1; r.src=t+h._hjSettings.hjid+j+h._hjSettings.hjsv; a.appendChild(r); })(window,document,'//static.hotjar.com/c/hotjar-','.js?sv=');</script> <script src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-1.9.1.js"></script> <script>window.jQuery || document.write("<script src='/sites/all/modules/jquery_update/replace/jquery/1.9/jquery.js'>\x3C/script>")</script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_Hfha9RCTNm8mqMDLXriIsKGMaghzs4ZaqJPLj2esi7s.js"></script> <script src="//code.jquery.com/ui/1.10.2/jquery-ui.js"></script> <script>window.jQuery.ui || document.write("<script src='/sites/all/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/ui/jquery-ui.js'>\x3C/script>")</script> <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.4.1/dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_6nf_BWgFhGPcXMJxslNEuX7oX1-E1OmfkUpMca3_Bgs.js"></script> <script src="//pitt.edu/webtrends/webtrends.load.js"></script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_jHLxb7Vu04frTQKO0MxckiPnuDx4LyEkwSTbbP2Zi8w.js"></script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_3U5c7ASqumcO889JLydl0fzDTXOZ86wjhyLytqkFXBI.js"></script> <script>jQuery.extend(Drupal.settings, {"basePath":"\/","pathPrefix":"","setHasJsCookie":0,"ajaxPageState":{"theme":"pitt_theme","theme_token":"JJZCd2RuIEWQLZFpK4WzNb0nWKPyiu29GMVAEcGmuC4","js":{"sites\/all\/themes\/bootstrap\/js\/bootstrap.js":1,"https:\/\/www.shrs.pitt.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/google_tag\/ga4\/google_tag.script.js":1,"0":1,"\/\/code.jquery.com\/jquery-1.9.1.js":1,"1":1,"misc\/jquery-extend-3.4.0.js":1,"misc\/jquery-html-prefilter-3.5.0-backport.js":1,"misc\/jquery.once.js":1,"misc\/drupal.js":1,"\/\/code.jquery.com\/ui\/1.10.2\/jquery-ui.js":1,"2":1,"https:\/\/cdn.jsdelivr.net\/npm\/bootstrap@3.4.1\/dist\/js\/bootstrap.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/jquery_ui_filter\/jquery_ui_filter.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/google_cse\/google_cse.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/miniorange_saml\/js\/testconfig.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/miniorange_saml\/js\/backdoor.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/miniorange_saml\/js\/addCopyIcon.js":1,"\/\/pitt.edu\/webtrends\/webtrends.load.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/jcaption\/jcaption.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/lightbox2\/js\/lightbox.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/jquery_ui_filter\/accordion\/jquery_ui_filter_accordion.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/custom_search\/js\/custom_search.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/field_group\/field_group.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/pitt_theme\/bootstrap\/js\/affix.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/pitt_theme\/bootstrap\/js\/alert.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/pitt_theme\/bootstrap\/js\/button.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/pitt_theme\/bootstrap\/js\/carousel.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/pitt_theme\/bootstrap\/js\/collapse.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/pitt_theme\/bootstrap\/js\/dropdown.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/pitt_theme\/bootstrap\/js\/modal.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/pitt_theme\/bootstrap\/js\/tooltip.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/pitt_theme\/bootstrap\/js\/popover.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/pitt_theme\/bootstrap\/js\/scrollspy.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/pitt_theme\/bootstrap\/js\/tab.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/pitt_theme\/bootstrap\/js\/transition.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/pitt_theme\/js\/script.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/pitt_theme\/js\/search.js":1},"css":{"modules\/system\/system.base.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.core.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.theme.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.accordion.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/calendar\/css\/calendar_multiday.css":1,"modules\/field\/theme\/field.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/google_cse\/google_cse.css":1,"modules\/node\/node.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/youtube\/css\/youtube.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/views\/css\/views.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/ckeditor\/css\/ckeditor.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/ctools\/css\/ctools.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/lightbox2\/css\/lightbox_alt.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/taxonomy_access\/taxonomy_access.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/custom_search\/custom_search.css":1,"https:\/\/cdn.jsdelivr.net\/npm\/bootstrap@3.4.1\/dist\/css\/bootstrap.min.css":1,"https:\/\/cdn.jsdelivr.net\/npm\/@unicorn-fail\/drupal-bootstrap-styles@0.0.2\/dist\/3.3.1\/7.x-3.x\/drupal-bootstrap.min.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/pitt_theme\/fonts\/css\/fontawsome.min.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/pitt_theme\/fonts\/css\/all.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/pitt_theme\/fonts\/css\/light.min.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/pitt_theme\/fonts\/css\/brands.min.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/pitt_theme\/fonts\/cooper.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/pitt_theme\/less\/style.less":1}},"googleCSE":{"cx":"013753980878518964357:jpcbupbpykw","resultsWidth":600,"domain":"www.google.com","showWaterMark":1},"jcaption":{"jcaption_selectors":[".region-content article img"],"jcaption_alt_title":"title","jcaption_requireText":1,"jcaption_copyStyle":1,"jcaption_removeStyle":1,"jcaption_removeClass":1,"jcaption_removeAlign":1,"jcaption_copyAlignmentToClass":0,"jcaption_copyFloatToClass":1,"jcaption_copyClassToClass":1,"jcaption_autoWidth":1,"jcaption_keepLink":0,"jcaption_styleMarkup":"","jcaption_animate":0,"jcaption_showDuration":"200","jcaption_hideDuration":"200"},"jQueryUiFilter":{"disabled":0,"accordionHeaderTag":"h3","accordionOptions":{"active":0,"animated":"slide","autoHeight":"true","clearStyle":"false","collapsible":"false","event":"click","scrollTo":0,"history":"false"}},"lightbox2":{"rtl":0,"file_path":"\/(\\w\\w\/)public:\/","default_image":"\/sites\/all\/modules\/lightbox2\/images\/brokenimage.jpg","border_size":1,"font_color":"000","box_color":"fff","top_position":"","overlay_opacity":"0.8","overlay_color":"000","disable_close_click":1,"resize_sequence":0,"resize_speed":400,"fade_in_speed":400,"slide_down_speed":600,"use_alt_layout":1,"disable_resize":0,"disable_zoom":0,"force_show_nav":0,"show_caption":1,"loop_items":0,"node_link_text":"View Image Details","node_link_target":0,"image_count":"Image !current of !total","video_count":"Video !current of !total","page_count":"Page !current of !total","lite_press_x_close":"press \u003Ca href=\u0022#\u0022 onclick=\u0022hideLightbox(); return FALSE;\u0022\u003E\u003Ckbd\u003Ex\u003C\/kbd\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E to close","download_link_text":"","enable_login":false,"enable_contact":false,"keys_close":"x 27","keys_previous":"p 37","keys_next":"n 39","keys_zoom":"z","keys_play_pause":"32","display_image_size":"original","image_node_sizes":"()","trigger_lightbox_classes":"","trigger_lightbox_group_classes":"","trigger_slideshow_classes":"","trigger_lightframe_classes":"","trigger_lightframe_group_classes":"","custom_class_handler":0,"custom_trigger_classes":"","disable_for_gallery_lists":true,"disable_for_acidfree_gallery_lists":true,"enable_acidfree_videos":true,"slideshow_interval":5000,"slideshow_automatic_start":true,"slideshow_automatic_exit":true,"show_play_pause":true,"pause_on_next_click":false,"pause_on_previous_click":true,"loop_slides":false,"iframe_width":600,"iframe_height":400,"iframe_border":1,"enable_video":0,"useragent":"Mozilla\/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0; SLCC1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506; .NET CLR 3.5.21022; .NET CLR 1.0.3705; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)"},"custom_search":{"form_target":"_self","solr":0},"better_exposed_filters":{"views":{"header_logo":{"displays":{"block":{"filters":[]},"block_1":{"filters":[]}}},"2019_header_blocks":{"displays":{"block_3":{"filters":[]},"block_6":{"filters":[]}}},"page_header_and_title":{"displays":{"block":{"filters":[]}}}}},"urlIsAjaxTrusted":{"\/research":true},"field_group":{"div":"full"},"bootstrap":{"anchorsFix":"0","anchorsSmoothScrolling":"0","formHasError":1,"popoverEnabled":1,"popoverOptions":{"animation":1,"html":0,"placement":"right","selector":"","trigger":"click","triggerAutoclose":1,"title":"","content":"","delay":0,"container":"body"},"tooltipEnabled":1,"tooltipOptions":{"animation":1,"html":0,"placement":"auto left","selector":"","trigger":"hover focus","delay":0,"container":"body"}}});</script>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=AW-803464133"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag() { dataLayer.push(arguments); } gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'AW-803464133'); </script>  <script> ! function(f, b, e, v, n, t, s) { if (f.fbq) return; n = f.fbq = function() { n.callMethod ? n.callMethod.apply(n, arguments) : n.queue.push(arguments) }; if (!f._fbq) f._fbq = n; n.push = n; n.loaded = !0; n.version = '2.0'; n.queue = []; t = b.createElement(e); t.async = !0; t.src = v; s = b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(t, s) }(window, document, 'script', 'https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js'); fbq('init', '305823694258420'); fbq('track', 'PageView'); </script> <noscript><img height="1" width="1" style="display:none" src="https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=305823694258420&ev=PageView&noscript=1" /></noscript>  </head> <body class="html not-front not-logged-in one-sidebar sidebar-second page-node page-node- page-node-3345 node-type-landing-page section_header" > <noscript aria-hidden="true"><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PLPJSTM6" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <div id="top-bar"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="region region-top-bar"> <section id="block-menu-menu-pitt-bar-links" class="block block-menu clearfix"> <ul class="menu nav"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/student-life/alumni" title="">Alumni</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/giving" title="">Giving</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/people" title="">People</a></li> </ul> </section> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="header_wrapper header_wrapper_inline"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-9 logo_space"> <div class="pitt_shield"> <a href="http://www.pitt.edu"> <img src="/sites/all/themes/pitt_theme/img/pitt_shield_white.png" alt="University of Pittsburgh logo" /> </a> </div> <div class="site_title_wrapper"> <div class="region region-logo-2019"> <section id="block-views-2019-header-blocks-block-3" class="block block-views clearfix"> <div class="view view-2019-header-blocks view-id-2019_header_blocks view-display-id-block_3 view-dom-id-deff8eb8fdc37fcb9cc2495394f7982a"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first views-row-last"> <div class="views-field views-field-nothing"> <span class="field-content"><a class="shrs_logo" href="/">School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences</a></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-term-node-tid"> <span class="field-content hidden"></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div>  </div> <div class="col-sm-12 col-md-3" id="header_links"> <div class="pittbar__search"> <div class="region region-search"> <section id="block-search-form" class="block block-search clearfix"> <form class="search-form form-search content-search" role="search" action="/research" method="post" id="search-block-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div> <div class="searchbox" role="search"> <label for="edit-search-block-form-1" class="hidden">Use this for to search the site.</label> <input type="text" maxlength="128" name="search_block_form" class="searchbox-input" id="edit-search-block-form-1" size="15" value="" aria-label="Search Form" required title="Enter the terms you wish to search for." /> <input type="submit" class="searchbox-submit btn btn-primary" /> <span class="searchbox-icon icon glyphicon glyphicon-search" aria-label="search" aria-hidden="true"></span> </div> <div class="form-actions form-wrapper form-group" id="edit-actions"><button class="element-invisible btn btn-primary form-submit" type="submit" id="edit-submit" name="op" value="Search">Search</button> </div><input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-5crY31hSRp0R6T5ftir8qzhOCZxxpuYUqvbd2MR3LNM" /> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="search_block_form" /> </div></form> </section> <section id="block-custom-search-blocks-1" class="block block-custom-search-blocks clearfix"> <form class="search-form" role="search" action="/research" method="post" id="custom-search-blocks-form-1" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="form-item form-item-custom-search-blocks-form-1 form-type-textfield form-group"><input title="Enter the terms you wish to search for." class="custom-search-box form-control form-text" placeholder="" type="text" id="edit-custom-search-blocks-form-1--2" name="custom_search_blocks_form_1" value="" size="15" maxlength="128" /> <label class="control-label element-invisible" for="edit-custom-search-blocks-form-1--2">Search this site</label> </div><input type="hidden" name="delta" value="1" /> <input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form--NGbA-aE9p2wo-oK3tCx6H_JaCxtYED7twE-sQJO9QY" /> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="custom_search_blocks_form_1" /> <div class="form-actions form-wrapper form-group" id="edit-actions--2"><button type="submit" id="edit-submit--2" name="op" value="Search" class="btn btn-primary form-submit">Search</button> </div></div></form> </section> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div role="navigation" aria-label="Main menu" id="primary-links" class="container-fluid"> <div class="navbar container navbar-default"> <div class="navbar-header">  <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".primary-links"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </button> </div> <div class="navbar-collapse collapse primary-links"> <div class="region region-main-navigation"> <section id="block-menu-block-1" class="block block-menu-block clearfix"> <div class="menu-block-wrapper menu-block-1 menu-name-main-menu parent-mlid-0 menu-level-1"> <ul class="menu nav"><li class="first expanded menu-mlid-4542"><a href="/about">About</a><ul class="menu nav"><li class="first leaf has-children menu-mlid-5131"><a href="/about" title="">Mission and Strategic Plan</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-8154"><a href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/new-building-announcement" title="">New Building for SHRS</a></li> <li class="leaf has-children menu-mlid-8115"><a href="/deans-office-areas">Dean's Office Areas</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4402"><a href="/about/departments">Departments</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5430"><a href="/about/deans-message">Dean's Message</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-740"><a href="https://calendar.pitt.edu/shrs" title="">Events</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4886"><a href="/about/contact-us">Contact SHRS</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4920"><a href="https://shrs.pitt.edu/facets" title="">FACETS</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5344"><a href="/about/social-media-directory">Social Media Directory</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-744"><a href="/videos" title="">Videos</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-8172"><a href="/about/state-authorization">State Authorization</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-8171"><a href="/about/student-complaint-process">Student Complaint Process</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-8173"><a href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/accreditation" title="">Accreditation</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-4379"><a href="/admissions">Prospective Students</a><ul class="menu nav"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-5132"><a href="/admissions" title="">Overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4380"><a href="/admissions/explore-shrs">Explore SHRS</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6989"><a href="/admissions/high-school-students">High School Students</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6991"><a href="/admissions/prospective-undergraduate-students">Prospective Undergraduate Students</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6990"><a href="/admissions/prospective-graduate-students">Prospective Graduate Students</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6993"><a href="/admissions/prospective-international-students">Prospective International Students</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4381"><a href="/admissions/contact-us">Contact Us</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6174"><a href="/admissions/virtual-tours">Virtual Tours</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4383"><a href="/admissions/open-house">Open House</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4382"><a href="/admissions/apply">Apply</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-7062"><a href="/admissions/undergraduate-application-process">Undergraduate Application Process</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4384"><a href="/admissions/financial-information">Financial Information</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-7626"><a href="/admissions/upper-level-program-general-education-requirements">Upper-Level Program General Education Requirements</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-6929"><a href="/program-finder" title="">Academics</a><ul class="menu nav"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-6930"><a href="/program-finder" title="">All Programs</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6931"><a href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/athletic-training-sports-medicine-and-sports-science?field_format_tid=All&field_degree_type_tid=All&field_disciplines_tid=112&combine=&field_format_tid=All&field_degree_type_tid=All&field_disciplines_tid=112&combine=" title="">Athletic Training and Sports Science</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6932"><a href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/audiology-and-speech-language-pathology?field_format_tid=All&field_degree_type_tid=All&field_disciplines_tid=113&combine=" title="">Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-8147"><a href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/chiropractic" title="">Chiropractic</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6933"><a href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/counseling-concentration?field_format_tid=All&field_degree_type_tid=All&field_disciplines_tid=114&combine=&field_format_tid=All&field_degree_type_tid=All&field_disciplines_tid=114&combine=" title="">Counseling</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-7180"><a href="https://shrs.pitt.edu/em" title="">Emergency Medicine</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6935"><a href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/health-information-management?field_format_tid=All&field_degree_type_tid=All&field_disciplines_tid=116&combine=&field_format_tid=All&field_degree_type_tid=All&field_disciplines_tid=116&combine=" title="">Health Informatics</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6936"><a href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/nutrition?field_format_tid=All&field_degree_type_tid=All&field_disciplines_tid=117&combine=" title="">Nutrition</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6937"><a href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/occupational-therapy?field_format_tid=All&field_degree_type_tid=All&field_disciplines_tid=118&combine=" title="">Occupational Therapy</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6938"><a href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/physical-therapy?field_format_tid=All&field_degree_type_tid=All&field_disciplines_tid=119&combine=" title="">Physical Therapy</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6939"><a href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/pas?field_format_tid=All&field_degree_type_tid=All&field_disciplines_tid=120&combine=&field_format_tid=All&field_degree_type_tid=All&field_disciplines_tid=120&combine=" title="">Physician Assistant Studies</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-7215"><a href="/po">Prosthetics & Orthotics</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6941"><a href="/program-finder?field_format_tid=All&field_degree_type_tid=All&field_disciplines_tid=122&combine=" title="">Rehabilitation Science</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-6942"><a href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/rehabilitation-technology?field_format_tid=All&field_degree_type_tid=All&field_disciplines_tid=123&combine=" title="">Rehabilitation Technology</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-8114"><a href="https://shrscontinuingeducation.pitt.edu/" title="Visit the SHRS Continuing Education site.">Continuing Education</a></li> <li class="expanded active-trail active menu-mlid-6171 active"><a href="/research" class="active-trail active">Research</a><ul class="menu nav"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-6172"><a href="/research/student-research-opportunities">Student Research Opportunities</a></li> <li class="leaf has-children menu-mlid-6204"><a href="/research/shrs-undergraduate-student-summer-research-award">SHRS Undergraduate Student Summer Research Award</a></li> <li class="last leaf has-children menu-mlid-6541"><a href="/research/innovation">Innovation</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-6757"><a href="/inclusion">Inclusion</a><ul class="menu nav"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-7262"><a href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/student-life/shrs-affinity-groups" title="">SHRS Affinity Groups</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-8161"><a href="/inclusion/shrs-brave-space">SHRS Brave Space</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-8178"><a href="/inclusion/shrs-global-and-local">SHRS Global and Local</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-7098"><a href="https://www.wellnesspavilion.pitt.edu/" title="">Wellness Pavilion</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-8176"><a href="/inclusion/wellness-pavilion-clinic">Wellness Pavilion Clinic</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-8126"><a href="/inclusion/shrs-oedice-resources">Resources</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-4277"><a href="/student-life">Student Life</a><ul class="menu nav"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-5133"><a href="/student-life" title="">Overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4984"><a href="/student-life/orientation">Orientation</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-7263"><a href="/student-life/ombudsperson">Ombudsperson</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4929"><a href="/student-life/academic-toolkit">Academic Toolkit</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-7625"><a href="https://www.shrsadvising.pitt.edu/" title="">Advising Center</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6155"><a href="/student-life/counseling-and-other-services">Counseling and Other Services</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6531"><a href="/student-life/student-health">Student Health</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5117"><a href="/student-life/student-handbooks">Student Handbooks</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4931"><a href="/student-life/enrollment">Enrollment</a></li> <li class="leaf has-children menu-mlid-5213"><a href="/student-life/forms">Forms</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4987"><a href="/student-life/scholarships-funding">Scholarships & Funding</a></li> <li class="leaf has-children menu-mlid-7623"><a href="/student-life/center-interprofessional-studies">Center for Interprofessional Studies</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4930"><a href="/student-life/travel-grants">Travel Grants</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4989"><a href="/student-life/doctoral-dissertation-masters-thesis">Doctoral Defense & Master's Thesis</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-8119"><a href="/student-life/student-advisory-board">Student Advisory Board (SAB)</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4985"><a href="/student-groups">Student Groups</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6893"><a href="/student-life/shrs-sab-interdisciplinary">Interdisciplinary Event Series</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-7261"><a href="/student-life/shrs-affinity-groups">SHRS Affinity Groups</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4986"><a href="/student-life/applying-graduate">Applying to Graduate</a></li> <li class="leaf has-children menu-mlid-5339"><a href="/student-life/commencement">Commencement</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5118"><a href="/student-life/forbes-tower-hours">Forbes Tower Hours</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5516"><a href="/student-life/safety">Safety</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-7193"><a href="/student-life/deans-list" title="Dean's List">Dean's List</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="last expanded menu-mlid-5472"><a href="/blog" title="">Stories</a><ul class="menu nav"><li class="first last leaf menu-mlid-7189"><a href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/news" title="">News</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </div>  </div> <div role="complementary" aria-label="Main Slideshow" id="header" class="container-fluid"> <div class="row"> <div class="region region-header"> <section id="block-views-page-header-and-title-block" class="block block-views clearfix"> <div class="view view-page-header-and-title view-id-page_header_and_title view-display-id-block view-dom-id-1cf7e88e990e5632d7ece26e2105848a"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first views-row-last"> <div class="field-landing-header-image"> <img typeof="foaf:Image" class="img-responsive" src="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/sites/default/files/20190306_AO_SHRS_Labs_0230_0-2630x810-0_653-4475_1378.jpg" width="2630" height="810" alt="CSD Researcher" /> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-title"> <span class="field-content">Research</span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-php"> <span class="field-content"><style> .main-container #content-wrapper .row .content .page-header{ display: none; } </style></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="main-container container-fluid"> <div class="container" id="content-wrapper"> <div class="row"> <section class="col-sm-8 content" role="main"> <a id="main-content">Main Content: </a> <div class="page-header"> <h1> Research </h1> </div> <div class="region region-content-main"> <section id="block-system-main" class="block block-system clearfix"> <article id="node-3345" class="node node-landing-page clearfix" about="/research" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document"> <header> <span property="dc:title" content="Research" class="rdf-meta element-hidden"></span> </header> <section class="field-body"> <p>The School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences is internationally recognized for the excellence and innovation of its research programs, spanning a wide range of health and rehabilitation disciplines and areas of focus. These research programs examine mechanisms, strategies and systems to improve health and wellness of people across the lifespan at risk for or experiencing chronic conditions or disabilities.</p> <p><img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/111323.png" style="width: 700px; height: 254px;" /></p> <h3>These research programs address two major foci:</h3> <ol> <li><strong>Physiological, behavioral and environment factors that influence human performance of and engagement in activities </strong>essential to healthy and productive living.</li> <li><strong>Access to and quality of health system care delivery </strong>across settings, including home and community, inpatient and ambulatory care. </li> </ol> <p>SHRS research spans the full translational research continuum, comprising studies in basic science, clinical science, measurement and intervention research, health services research, implementation and dissemination research.</p> <div id="jquery-ui-filter" class="jquery-ui-filter jquery-ui-filter-accordion jquery-ui-filter-accordion-collapsed"> <h3 class="jquery-ui-filter-header jquery-ui-filter-accordion-header">Personal Performance & Engagement</h3><div class="jquery-ui-filter-container jquery-ui-filter-accordion-container"> <ul> <li>Studies examining the injury and repair of the body’s <strong>cells, tissues and physiological systems</strong> that are essential to health and function</li> <li>Studies examining human <strong>performance, behavior and lifestyle</strong> and their impact on health and function</li> <li>Studies examining <strong>personal and environmental factors</strong> that influence health and function</li> </ul> </div><h3 class="jquery-ui-filter-header jquery-ui-filter-accordion-header">Health Systems Optimization</h3><div class="jquery-ui-filter-container jquery-ui-filter-accordion-container"> <ul> <li>Studies examining health and rehabilitation <strong>provider behavior and training</strong> methods to optimize health care delivery</li> <li>Studies examining the development of new health and rehabilitation <strong>programs and systems</strong> to optimize health equity and care quality</li> <li>Studies examining access to and quality of <strong>health services</strong>, as well as <strong>health care policies</strong> and their impact on health equity and care quality</li> </ul> <p></div></div> </p> <p><a href="https://pitt.sharepoint.com/sites/SHRSInSpIReResearch/" target="_blank"><img alt="Inspire Lightbulb Graphic" src="/sites/default/files/block-img/Research%20Framework%202020%20%28700%20x%20254%20px%29.jpg" style="width: 700px; height: 254px;" /></a></p> <h2>InSpIRe</h2> <p>InSpIRe is the Interdisciplinary Springboard for Innovative Rehabilitation—a monthly research roundtable discussion series featuring expert guest speakers. SHRS internal members can access the SharePoint site <a href="https://pitt.sharepoint.com/sites/SHRSInSpIReResearch/" target="_blank">here</a>.</p> </section> <section class="field-section-overview"> <div id="field-collection-item-field-section-overview-full-group-text" class=" group-text field-group-div"> <h2 class="field-section-title"> Research Initiatives by Department </h2> </div> </section> <section class="field-section-overview"> <figure class="field-section-image"> <img typeof="foaf:Image" class="img-responsive" src="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/sites/default/files/landing-images/20190304_AO_SHRS_Audiology_0763Instagram_0-315x172-67_91-662_362.jpg" width="315" height="172" alt="Anechoic Chamber" /> </figure> <div id="field-collection-item-field-section-overview-full-group-text--2" class=" group-text field-group-div"> <h2 class="field-section-title"> Communication Science and Disorders </h2> <p>Learn more <a href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/node/984">here</a>.</p> </div> </section> <section class="field-section-overview"> <figure class="field-section-image"> <img typeof="foaf:Image" class="img-responsive" src="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/sites/default/files/landing-images/counseling-315x172-0_0-315_172.jpg" width="315" height="172" alt="Counseling virtual visit" /> </figure> <div id="field-collection-item-field-section-overview-full-group-text--3" class=" group-text field-group-div"> <h2 class="field-section-title"> Counseling </h2> <p>Learn more <a href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/cbh/research">here</a>.</p> </div> </section> <section class="field-section-overview"> <figure class="field-section-image"> <img typeof="foaf:Image" class="img-responsive" src="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/sites/default/files/landing-images/HIM%20RESEARCH_0-315x172-0_0-315_172.jpg" width="315" height="172" alt="HI students working with a health app" /> </figure> <div id="field-collection-item-field-section-overview-full-group-text--4" class=" group-text field-group-div"> <h2 class="field-section-title"> Health Information Management </h2> <p>Learn more <a href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/node/888">here</a>.</p> </div> </section> <section class="field-section-overview"> <figure class="field-section-image"> <img typeof="foaf:Image" class="img-responsive" src="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/sites/default/files/landing-images/OT-13_0-315x172-260_0-1663_910.jpg" width="315" height="172" alt="physical therapy" /> </figure> <div id="field-collection-item-field-section-overview-full-group-text--5" class=" group-text field-group-div"> <h2 class="field-section-title"> Occupational Therapy </h2> <p>Learn more <a href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/node/1128">here</a>.</p> </div> </section> <section class="field-section-overview"> <figure class="field-section-image"> <img typeof="foaf:Image" class="img-responsive" src="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/sites/default/files/landing-images/PT%20RESEARCH_5_0-315x172-0_0-315_172.jpg" width="315" height="172" alt="woman using a treadmill in a PT research center" /> </figure> <div id="field-collection-item-field-section-overview-full-group-text--6" class=" group-text field-group-div"> <h2 class="field-section-title"> Physical Therapy </h2> <p>Learn more <a href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/node/1634">here</a>.</p> </div> </section> <section class="field-section-overview"> <figure class="field-section-image"> <img typeof="foaf:Image" class="img-responsive" src="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/sites/default/files/landing-images/PA%20RESEARCH_0-315x172-0_0-315_172.jpg" width="315" height="172" alt="physician assistants looking at mannequin" /> </figure> <div id="field-collection-item-field-section-overview-full-group-text--7" class=" group-text field-group-div"> <h2 class="field-section-title"> Physician Assistant Studies </h2> <p>Research information coming soon!</p> </div> </section> <section class="field-section-overview"> <figure class="field-section-image"> <img typeof="foaf:Image" class="img-responsive" src="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/sites/default/files/landing-images/RST%20RESEARCH_1-315x172-0_0-315_172.jpg" width="315" height="172" alt="rehab science researchers testing wheelchair" /> </figure> <div id="field-collection-item-field-section-overview-full-group-text--8" class=" group-text field-group-div"> <h2 class="field-section-title"> Rehabilitation Science and Technology </h2> <p>Learn more <a href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/node/824">here</a>.</p> </div> </section> <section class="field-section-overview"> <figure class="field-section-image"> <img typeof="foaf:Image" class="img-responsive" src="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/sites/default/files/landing-images/20220414_AO_Sports_Science_0183_0-315x172-91_124-1017_556.jpg" width="315" height="172" alt="sports science class" /> </figure> <div id="field-collection-item-field-section-overview-full-group-text--9" class=" group-text field-group-div"> <h2 class="field-section-title"> Sports Medicine and Nutrition </h2> <p>Learn more <a href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/node/799">here</a>.</p> </div> </section> <section class="field-section-overview"> <div id="field-collection-item-field-section-overview-full-group-text--10" class=" group-text field-group-div"> <h2 class="field-section-title"> Research Initiatives by Center </h2> </div> </section> <section class="field-section-overview"> <figure class="field-section-image"> <img typeof="foaf:Image" class="img-responsive" src="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/sites/default/files/landing-images/home-banner-315x172-276_0-1465_800.jpg" width="315" height="172" alt="Healthy Home Laboratory" /> </figure> <div id="field-collection-item-field-section-overview-full-group-text--11" class=" group-text field-group-div"> <h2 class="field-section-title"> Healthy Home Laboratory </h2> <p>Learn more <a href="https://healthyhomelaboratory.pitt.edu/" target="_blank">here</a>.</p> </div> </section> <section class="field-section-overview"> <figure class="field-section-image"> <img typeof="foaf:Image" class="img-responsive" src="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/sites/default/files/landing-images/HERL%20RESEARCH_0-315x172-0_0-315_172.jpg" width="315" height="172" alt="researchers using moving platform to test seating" /> </figure> <div id="field-collection-item-field-section-overview-full-group-text--12" class=" group-text field-group-div"> <h2 class="field-section-title"> Human Engineering Research Laboratories (HERL) </h2> <p>Learn more <a href="https://www.herl.pitt.edu/">here</a>.</p> </div> </section> <section class="field-section-overview"> <figure class="field-section-image"> <img typeof="foaf:Image" class="img-responsive" src="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/sites/default/files/landing-images/DATA%20CENTER_0_0-315x172-0_0-315_172.jpg" width="315" height="172" alt="data center graphic" /> </figure> <div id="field-collection-item-field-section-overview-full-group-text--13" class=" group-text field-group-div"> <h2 class="field-section-title"> SHRS Data Center </h2> <p>Learn more <a href="https://shrsdatacenter.pitt.edu/">here</a>.</p> </div> </section> <footer> </footer> </article> </section> </div> </section> <aside class="col-sm-4 sidebar-second" role="complementary" aria-label="Sidebar"> <div class="region region-sidebar-menu"> <section id="block-menu-block-2" class="block block-menu-block clearfix"> <h2 class="block-title">Research</h2> <div class="menu-block-wrapper menu-block-2 menu-name-main-menu parent-mlid-0 menu-level-2"> <ul class="menu nav"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-6172"><a href="/research/student-research-opportunities">Student Research Opportunities</a></li> <li class="collapsed menu-mlid-6204"><a href="/research/shrs-undergraduate-student-summer-research-award">SHRS Undergraduate Student Summer Research Award</a></li> <li class="last collapsed menu-mlid-6541"><a href="/research/innovation">Innovation</a></li> </ul></div> </section> </div> <div class="region region-sidebar-second"> <section id="block-nodesinblock-0" class="block block-nodesinblock clearfix"> <div class="nodesinblock first odd" id="nodesinblock-3364"> <article class="node-3364 node node-block block-type-blue clearfix" about="/block/shrs-research-center-search" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document"> <div class="block-column"> <figure> <img src="/sites/default/files/block-img/SEARCH Block-700x254-0_0-700_254.jpg" /> </figure> <header> <h2>SHRS Research Center (SEARCH)</h2> </header> <section> <p>Access the SHRS Research Center SharePoint <a href="https://pitt.sharepoint.com/sites/shrssearch" target="_blank">here</a>.</p> <p> </p> </section> </div> </article> </div><div class="nodesinblock even" id="nodesinblock-1256"> <article class="node-1256 node node-block block-type-blue clearfix" about="/block/department-research" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document"> <div class="block-column"> <figure> <img src="/sites/default/files/block-img/PT Research.jpg" /> </figure> <header> <h2>Department Research</h2> </header> <section> <p>Learn more about specific research projects through each SHRS Department:</p> <ul> <li><a href="/node/984">Communication Science & Disorders</a></li> <li><a href="/node/888">Health Information Management</a></li> <li><a href="/node/1128">Occupational Therapy</a></li> <li><a href="/node/1634">Physical Therapy</a></li> <li><a href="/node/824">Rehabilitation Science & Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/node/799">Sports Medicine & Nutrition</a></li> </ul> </section> </div> </article> </div><div class="nodesinblock odd" id="nodesinblock-1258"> <article class="node-1258 node node-block block-type-blue clearfix" about="/block/students-research" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document"> <div class="block-column"> <figure> <img src="/sites/default/files/block-img/Nutrition Research.jpg" /> </figure> <header> <h2>Students & Research </h2> </header> <section> <p>All SHRS students are trained to be excellent consumers of research information, capable of evaluating the latest outcomes that effect the future of each profession. Programs within SHRS that focus specifically on research include:</p> <ul> <li><a href="/node/442">Sports Medicine (MS)</a></li> <li><a href="/node/446">Doctor of Physical Therapy - PhD in Bioengineering (DPT-PhD)</a></li> <li><a href="/node/370">Communication Science & Disorders (PhD)</a></li> <li><a href="/node/371">Rehabilitation Science (PhD)</a></li> </ul> <p>Students interested in research at any level should talk with their advisor. </p> <p>Which doctoral program is right for you? <a href="/node/340">Learn the differences</a> between a clinical (CScD) and a research (PhD) doctorate.</p> </section> </div> </article> </div> </section> </div> </aside>  </div> </div> </div> <div class="main-container container-fluid" role="complementary" aria-label="Additional Content"> <div class="container" id="content-wrapper"> <div class="row"> <section class="col-sm-12"> </section> </div> </div> </div> <footer class="footer container-fluid"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <div class="site_title"> <div class="footer-logo footer__logo"> <img src="/sites/all/themes/pitt_theme/img/pitt_shield_white.png" alt="University of Pittsburgh logo" /> <span class="footer-site_name footer__title"> <a class="name" href="/" title="Home"> School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences </a> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container"> <div class="region region-footer"> <section id="block-views-header-logo-block-1" class="block block-views clearfix"> <div class="view view-header-logo view-id-header_logo view-display-id-block_1 view-dom-id-6d985766e3f3446be30cda9d28b58dd9"> <div class="view-empty"> <article id="node-398" class="node node-address-block node-promoted clearfix" about="/content/address-block" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document"> <header> <span property="dc:title" content="Address Block" class="rdf-meta element-hidden"></span> </header> <div class="field-description"> <p>4028 Forbes Tower<br /> Pittsburgh, PA 15260</p> <p>Phone: (412) 383-6565<br /> Fax: (412) 383-6535</p> <p><a href="/admissions/contact-us">Prospective Students, contact us!</a></p> <p><a href="/about/contact-us">Have other questions? Click here for help.</a></p> <p><a href="/locations/forbes-tower">Locations & Directions</a></p> <p><a href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/privacy" target="_blank">Privacy Policy</a></p> <p><a href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/about/state-authorization">State Authorization</a></p> <p><a href="/about/how-bold-moves-shrs"><img alt="Bold Moves" src="/sites/default/files/library/images/Branding/Bold%20Moves.png" style="width: 200px; height: 90px;" /></a></p> </div> <footer> </footer> </article> </div> <div class="view-footer"> <div class="view view-2019-header-blocks view-id-2019_header_blocks view-display-id-block_6 social-media-block view-dom-id-c87f0d019b42394577550f712662bcc5"> <div class="view-empty"> <article id="node-350" class="node node-social-media node-promoted clearfix" about="/social/social-media-icons" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document"> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/school/university-of-pittsburgh-school-of-health-and-rehabilitation-sciences/" target="_blank" aria-label="SHRS on LinkedIn"> <span class="fab fa-linkedin-in"></span> </a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC3oWyggDugrAPUMxDuX1Cxw" target="_blank" aria-label="SHRS on YouTube"> <span class="fab fa-youtube"></span> </a> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/shrspitt" target="_blank" aria-label="Follow SHRS on Facebook"> <span class="fab fa-facebook-f"></span> </a> <a href="https://snapchat.com/add/PittSHRS" target="_blank" aria-label="SHRS on Snapchat"> <span class="fab fa-snapchat-ghost"></span> </a> <a href="https://twitter.com/pittshrs" target="_blank" aria-label="SHRS on Twitter"> <span class="fab fa-twitter"></span> </a> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/shrspitt" target="_blank" aria-label="SHRS on Instagram"> <span class="fab fa-instagram"></span> </a> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section id="block-nodesinblock-6" class="block block-nodesinblock clearfix"> <div class="nodesinblock first odd" id="nodesinblock-352"> <article class="node-352 node node-block block-type-blue clearfix" about="/block/shrs-info" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document"> <div class="block-column"> <header> <h2>SHRS Info</h2> </header> <section> <ul> <li><a href="http://www.shrs.pitt.edu">Home</a></li> <li><a href="/node/471">About</a></li> <li><a href="/node/388">Admissions</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/program-finder">Academics</a></li> <li><a href="/people">People</a></li> <li><a href="/research">Research</a></li> <li><a href="/node/349">Current Students</a></li> <li><a href="/node/2560">Community Engagement</a></li> <li><a href="/node/808">Alumni</a></li> <li><a href="/node/1573">Giving</a></li> <li><a href="/news">News</a></li> <li><a href="/events">Events</a></li> </ul> </section> </div> </article> </div><div class="nodesinblock last even" id="nodesinblock-207"> <article class="node-207 node node-block block-type-blue clearfix" about="/block/resources" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document"> <div class="block-column"> <header> <h2>Resources</h2> </header> <section> <p><a href="https://www.registrar.pitt.edu/Calendars" target="_blank">Academic Calendar</a><br /> <a href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu/deans-offices">Dean's Office Areas</a><br /> <a href="http://pitt.sharepoint.com/sites/SHRSFacultyandStaffResources/SitePages/Home.aspx" target="_blank">Faculty and Staff Resources</a><br /> <a href="https://www.healthdiversity.pitt.edu/" target="_blank">Health Sciences Diversity</a><br /> <a href="http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/" target="_blank">Health Sciences Library</a><br /> <a href="http://www.health.pitt.edu/" target="_blank">Health Sciences Portal</a><br /> <a href="https://support.hs.pitt.edu/" target="_blank">Health Sciences Service Desk</a><br /> <a href="http://my.pitt.edu" target="_blank">My.Pitt.edu</a><br /> <a href="http://www.shrs.pitt.edu/webrrs" target="_blank">Room Reservations</a><br /> <a href="http://status.pitt.edu" target="_blank">System Status</a><br /> <a href="http://technology.pitt.edu">Technology</a><br /> <a href="https://live-tuition-pitt.pantheonsite.io/" target="_blank">Tuition Rates</a></p> </section> </div> </article> </div> </section> <section id="block-block-4" class="block block-block clearfix"> <ul> <li><a href="/admissions/apply"><img alt="Apply Now" src="/sites/default/files/footer_apply_now.png" style="height: 50px;" /><span>Apply Now</span></a></li> <li><a href="https://pittforms.tfaforms.net/424126"><img alt="Request Info" src="/sites/default/files/footer_info.png" style="width: auto; height: 50px;" /><span>Request Info</span></a></li> <li><a href="http://www.shrs.pitt.edu/giving"><img alt="Request Info" src="/sites/default/files/footer_giving.png" style="width: auto; height: 50px;" /><span>Giving</span></a></li> <li><a href="/facets"><img alt="Facets Magazine" src="/sites/default/files/footer_facets_gears.png" style="width: 75px; height: 50px;" /><span>SHRS Facets Magazine</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> </div> <div id="copyright" class="container-fluid"> <div class="container"> <div class="region region-copyright"> <section id="block-block-1" class="block block-block clearfix"> <span>Revised 11/22/24</span><span>Copyright 2016–2024</span><span><a href="http://www.communications.pitt.edu/web">Site by Communications Services Web team</a></span> </section> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <div class="fixed_tab"> </div> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_MRdvkC2u4oGsp5wVxBG1pGV5NrCPW3mssHxIn6G9tGE.js"></script> <div id="fb-root"></div> <script> (function(d, s, id) { var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) return; js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = 'https://connect.facebook.net/en_GB/sdk.js#xfbml=1&version=v2.12'; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); </script>   <script> function gtag_report_conversion(url) { var callback = function() { if (typeof(url) != 'undefined') { window.location = url; } }; gtag('event', 'conversion', { 'send_to': 'AW-803464133/vgeDCOnJ6qwBEMXHj_8C', 'event_callback': callback }); return false; } </script> <script type="text/javascript"> _linkedin_partner_id = "561922"; window._linkedin_data_partner_ids = window._linkedin_data_partner_ids || []; window._linkedin_data_partner_ids.push(_linkedin_partner_id); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function() { var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; var b = document.createElement("script"); b.type = "text/javascript"; b.async = true; b.src = "https://snap.licdn.com/li.lms-analytics/insight.min.js"; s.parentNode.insertBefore(b, s); })(); </script> <noscript> <img height="1" width="1" style="display:none;" alt="" src="https://px.ads.linkedin.com/collect/?pid=561922&fmt=gif" /> </noscript> <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.4/jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="https://catalog.upp.pitt.edu/widget-api/widget-api.min.js"></script> <script> $(function() { $('.acalog').acalogWidgetize({ gateway: 'https://catalog.upp.pitt.edu' }); }); </script> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"NRJS-ca290dc079ec212e4fc","applicationID":"984321885","transactionName":"ZFFaYEYAWEICVRJeXV0bbUZdThlYDVIDTxxDXEg=","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":631,"atts":"SBZZFg4aS0w=","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body> </html>