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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p> Following is a list of instruments used in the practice of <a href="/wiki/Anesthesia" title="Anesthesia">anesthesia</a> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Instrument_list">Instrument list</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Instruments_used_in_anesthesiology&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Instrument list"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Instrument</th> <th>Uses<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Continuous-flow <a href="/wiki/Anaesthetic_machine" title="Anaesthetic machine">anaesthetic machine</a></td> <td>used to provide a measured and continuous supply of gases (<a href="/wiki/Oxygen" title="Oxygen">oxygen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nitrous_oxide" title="Nitrous oxide">nitrous oxide</a>, etc.), mixed with a required concentration of anesthetic <a href="/wiki/Vapor" title="Vapor">vapor</a> to the patient at a required pressure and rate; <i>video link</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Anesthetic vaporizers</td> <td>vaporizes the anesthetic </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Oxygen_mask" title="Oxygen mask">Oxygen mask</a></td> <td>to deliver oxygen and/or to administer <a href="/wiki/Aerosolization" title="Aerosolization">aerosolized</a> medications </td></tr> <tr> <td>Nasal oxygen set</td> <td>to deliver oxygen </td></tr> <tr> <td>Guedel airways<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>hard part of the airway maintenance that connects the mouth part to the <a href="/wiki/Pharynx" title="Pharynx">pharyngeal</a> part </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yankauer_suction_tip" title="Yankauer suction tip">Yankauer suction tip</a></td> <td>Suction catheters used to remove secretions from the mouth, oropharynx, <a href="/wiki/Trachea" title="Trachea">trachea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bronchus" title="Bronchus">bronchi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Peripheral_venous_catheter" title="Peripheral venous catheter">Peripheral venous catheter</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Water & sand weight bag</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Artificial_resuscitator&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Artificial resuscitator (page does not exist)">Artificial resuscitator</a> (Bag valve mask)</td> <td>manual ventilation </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bain circuit</td> <td>respiratory maintenance circuit </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Laryngoscopy" title="Laryngoscopy">Laryngoscope</a></td> <td>used to view <a href="/wiki/Larynx" title="Larynx">larynx</a> including the <a href="/wiki/Vocal_folds" class="mw-redirect" title="Vocal folds">vocal cords</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Glottis" title="Glottis">glottis</a>, etc. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tracheal_tube" title="Tracheal tube">Endotracheal tube</a></td> <td>a tube introduced into the patient's trachea to maintain a patient to ensure that air reaches the lungs for <a href="/wiki/Respiration_(physiology)" title="Respiration (physiology)">respiration</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Laryngeal_mask_airway" title="Laryngeal mask airway">Laryngeal mask airway</a> (LMA)</td> <td>a less stimulating alternative to an endotracheal tube </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Endoscopy" title="Endoscopy">Endoscope</a></td> <td>to look inside the larynx, trachea, bronchi </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eschmann_stylet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eschmann stylet (page does not exist)">Eschmann stylet</a> or <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gum_elastic_bougie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gum elastic bougie (page does not exist)">Gum elastic bougie</a></td> <td>a flexible device introduced through the mouth during some intubation procedures; if the stylet is in the trachea, while passing in, gives a sensation of bumps and then finally stops going in at a point, it indicates that it was gliding over tracheal rings and has stopped at one of the bronchi (the patient may even cough during this time); if it goes into the esophagus, it will not bump and neither will it stop going in; used to judge where the endotracheal tube has gone in<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/HEPA" title="HEPA">HEPA Filter</a></td> <td>to filter out dust particles from the gas being given to the patient </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hypodermic_needle" title="Hypodermic needle">Hypodermic needle</a></td> <td>for injections, infusions, etc. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tuohy_needle" title="Tuohy needle">Tuohy needle</a></td> <td>for <a href="/wiki/Epidural_administration" title="Epidural administration">epidural</a> catheter insertion </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Spinal_needle" class="mw-redirect" title="Spinal needle">Spinal needle</a></td> <td>used for puncturing the <a href="/wiki/Spinal_canal" title="Spinal canal">spinal canal</a> for injection of medications in <a href="/wiki/Spinal_anaesthesia" title="Spinal anaesthesia">spinal anaesthesia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Epidural catheter</td> <td>used to administer medications into the epidural space </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Syringe" title="Syringe">Syringe</a></td> <td>to inject medications </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mucus_sucker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mucus sucker (page does not exist)">Mucus sucker</a></td> <td>to aspirate any fluid specially <a href="/wiki/Mucus" title="Mucus">mucus</a> from the respiratory passage </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Variable_performance_devices&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Variable performance devices (page does not exist)">Variable performance devices</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fixed_performance_devices&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fixed performance devices (page does not exist)">Fixed performance devices</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peripheral_Nerve_Stimulator&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peripheral Nerve Stimulator (page does not exist)">Peripheral Nerve Stimulator</a></td> <td>to locate the nerve during regional anesthesia </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=TOF_Monitor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TOF Monitor (page does not exist)">TOF Monitor</a></td> <td>to decide the repeat / reverse the anesthesia effect </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anesthetic_machine">Anesthetic machine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Instruments_used_in_anesthesiology&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Anesthetic machine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Anesthetic_machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Anesthetic machine">anesthetic machine</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/General_anaesthesia" title="General anaesthesia">General anesthesia</a> does not always require the anesthetic machine, tested daily, as basic equipment. Anesthesia machines may differ in appearance, size and degree of sophistication but generally speaking, they consist of sections for: </p> <ul><li>ventilation</li> <li>Peripheral Nerve Stimulator</li> <li>space for monitoring equipment</li> <li>accessories</li> <li>storage space</li> <li>worktop</li></ul> <p>It is imperative that essential <a href="/wiki/Medical_pipeline_gas_supply" class="mw-redirect" title="Medical pipeline gas supply">medical pipeline gas supply</a>, <i>e.g.</i> oxygen], nitrous oxide and air, are secured firmly to the machine, and readily available without any obstructions, defects or pressure leaks. They should also be checked in between cases, ensuring that the breathing apparatus and breathing circuit are fully patent, for the safe anesthesia of patients. Major manufacturers of anesthetic machines are General Electric (GE), Larsen & Toubro Limited, Draeger and <a href="/wiki/MAQUET" class="mw-redirect" title="MAQUET">MAQUET</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Image_gallery">Image gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Instruments_used_in_anesthesiology&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Image gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 324.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 322.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bag_valve_mask.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The respirator bag valve mask"><img alt="The respirator bag valve mask" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Bag_valve_mask.jpg/484px-Bag_valve_mask.jpg" decoding="async" width="323" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Bag_valve_mask.jpg/727px-Bag_valve_mask.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Bag_valve_mask.jpg/969px-Bag_valve_mask.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1576" data-file-height="1074" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The respirator bag valve mask</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 166.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 164.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Latex-free_project_111.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Anesthesia machine"><img alt="Anesthesia machine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Latex-free_project_111.jpg/247px-Latex-free_project_111.jpg" decoding="async" width="165" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Latex-free_project_111.jpg/371px-Latex-free_project_111.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/Latex-free_project_111.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Anesthesia machine</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 137.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 135.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Plastic_oxygen_mask_on_an_ER_patient.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Oxygen mask"><img alt="Oxygen mask" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Plastic_oxygen_mask_on_an_ER_patient.jpg/203px-Plastic_oxygen_mask_on_an_ER_patient.jpg" decoding="async" width="136" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/Plastic_oxygen_mask_on_an_ER_patient.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="271" data-file-height="440" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Oxygen mask</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 295.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 293.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Laryngoscope_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Laryngoscope"><img alt="Laryngoscope" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Laryngoscope_2.jpg/440px-Laryngoscope_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="294" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/Laryngoscope_2.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Laryngoscope</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 296px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 294px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tracheostomy_tube.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tracheostomy tube"><img alt="Tracheostomy tube" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Tracheostomy_tube.jpg/441px-Tracheostomy_tube.jpg" decoding="async" width="294" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Tracheostomy_tube.jpg/661px-Tracheostomy_tube.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Tracheostomy_tube.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="599" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Tracheostomy tube</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 520px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 518px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tuohy.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tuohy needle"><img alt="Tuohy needle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Tuohy.jpg/777px-Tuohy.jpg" decoding="async" width="518" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Tuohy.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="974" data-file-height="414" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Tuohy needle</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 295.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 293.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flexibles_Endoskop.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flexible Endoscope"><img alt="Flexible Endoscope" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Flexibles_Endoskop.jpg/440px-Flexibles_Endoskop.jpg" decoding="async" width="294" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Flexibles_Endoskop.jpg/660px-Flexibles_Endoskop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/Flexibles_Endoskop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flexible Endoscope</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 588.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 586.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Syringe.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Syringe"><img alt="Syringe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Syringe.jpg/880px-Syringe.jpg" decoding="async" width="587" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Syringe.jpg/1319px-Syringe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Syringe.jpg/1759px-Syringe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1974" data-file-height="741" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Syringe</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 166.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 164.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Epidural.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Epidural catheter"><img alt="Epidural catheter" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Epidural.JPG/247px-Epidural.JPG" decoding="async" width="165" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Epidural.JPG/371px-Epidural.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Epidural.JPG/495px-Epidural.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1530" data-file-height="2040" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Epidural catheter</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 295.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 293.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Spinal_needles.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Spinal needles"><img alt="Spinal needles" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Spinal_needles.jpg/440px-Spinal_needles.jpg" decoding="async" width="294" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Spinal_needles.jpg/660px-Spinal_needles.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Spinal_needles.jpg/880px-Spinal_needles.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1296" data-file-height="972" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Spinal needles</div> </li> </ul> <p><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Instruments_used_in_anesthesiology&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anesthetic_machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Anesthetic machine">Anesthetic machine</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Instruments_used_in_anesthesiology&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dorsch, Susan E.; Dorsch, Jerry A. (1999). Understanding anesthesia equipment. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-683-30487-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-683-30487-9">0-683-30487-9</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eisenkraft, James B.; Ehrenwerth, Jan (1993). Anesthesia equipment: principles and applications. St. Louis: Mosby. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8016-1556-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-8016-1556-9">0-8016-1556-9</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mediplusindia.com/anaesthesia.htm#ana1">Anaesthesia – Nasal Oxygen set Oxygen Catheter Mask Airways Suction Catheter</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spservices.co.uk/product_info.php/products_id/3260">Eschmann Tracheal Tube – Introducer 15Ch x 60cm – SP Services (UK) Ltd</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a class="external free" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Non-Kink_Catheter_Mount.png">http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Non-Kink_Catheter_Mount.png</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2022">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Instruments_used_in_anesthesiology&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDorsch,_Susan_E.Dorsch,_Jerry_A.1999" class="citation book cs1">Dorsch, Susan E.; Dorsch, Jerry A. (1999). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/understandingane0000dors_f4m1"><i>Understanding anesthesia equipment</i></a></span>. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-683-30487-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-683-30487-9"><bdi>0-683-30487-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Understanding+anesthesia+equipment&rft.place=Baltimore&rft.pub=Williams+%26+Wilkins&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-683-30487-9&rft.au=Dorsch%2C+Susan+E.&rft.au=Dorsch%2C+Jerry+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Funderstandingane0000dors_f4m1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInstruments+used+in+anesthesiology" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEisenkraft,_James_B.Ehrenwerth,_Jan1993" class="citation book cs1">Eisenkraft, James B.; Ehrenwerth, Jan (1993). <i>Anesthesia equipment: principles and applications</i>. St. Louis: Mosby. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8016-1556-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-8016-1556-9"><bdi>0-8016-1556-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anesthesia+equipment%3A+principles+and+applications&rft.place=St.+Louis&rft.pub=Mosby&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=0-8016-1556-9&rft.au=Eisenkraft%2C+James+B.&rft.au=Ehrenwerth%2C+Jan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInstruments+used+in+anesthesiology" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>An introduction to anesthesia</i>. Sweden: MAQUET Critical Care AB. 2007. p. 80. Order No. 6675755.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+introduction+to+anesthesia&rft.place=Sweden&rft.pages=80&rft.pub=MAQUET+Critical+Care+AB&rft.date=2007&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInstruments+used+in+anesthesiology" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Medical_instruments_and_implants" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Medical instruments and implants"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Medical_instruments_and_implants" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Medical_instruments_and_implants" class="mw-redirect" title="Medical instruments and implants">Medical instruments and implants</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diagnostics and research</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Instruments_used_in_medical_laboratories" title="Instruments used in medical laboratories">Laboratory diagnosis & research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instruments_used_in_microbiology" title="Instruments used in microbiology">Microbiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instruments_used_in_pathology" title="Instruments used in pathology">Pathology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instruments_used_in_radiology" title="Instruments used in radiology">Radiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instruments_used_in_toxicology" class="mw-redirect" title="Instruments used in toxicology">Toxicology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sterilization</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Instruments_used_in_microbiological_sterilization_and_disinfection" class="mw-redirect" title="Instruments used in microbiological sterilization and disinfection">Microbiological sterilization, disinfection, quarantine & biological waste management</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fundamental clinical specializations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Instruments_used_in_dentistry" class="mw-redirect" title="Instruments used in dentistry">Dentistry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instruments_used_in_general_medicine" title="Instruments used in general medicine">General medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instruments_used_in_general_surgery" title="Instruments used in general surgery">General surgery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">System non-specific clinical specializations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Anesthesiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instruments_used_in_oncology" title="Instruments used in oncology">Oncology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instruments_used_in_plastic_surgery" class="mw-redirect" title="Instruments used in plastic surgery">Plastic surgery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">System specific clinical specialties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Instruments_used_in_cardiology" title="Instruments used in cardiology">Cardiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instruments_used_in_dermatology" title="Instruments used in dermatology">Dermatology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_instruments_used_in_endocrinology" title="List of instruments used in endocrinology">Endocrinology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instruments_used_in_gastroenterology" title="Instruments used in gastroenterology">Gastroenterology</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Instruments_used_in_nephrology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Instruments used in nephrology (page does not exist)">Nephrology</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Instruments_used_in_neurology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Instruments used in neurology (page does not exist)">Neurology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instruments_used_in_obstetrics_and_gynecology" title="Instruments used in obstetrics and gynecology">Obstetrics & Gynecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instruments_used_in_ophthalmology" class="mw-redirect" title="Instruments used in ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Instruments_used_in_orthopedics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Instruments used in orthopedics (page does not exist)">Orthopedics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instruments_used_in_otorhinolaryngology,_head_and_neck_surgery" class="mw-redirect" title="Instruments used in otorhinolaryngology, head and neck surgery">Otorhinolaryngology (ENT)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Instruments_used_in_pulmonology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Instruments used in pulmonology (page does not exist)">Pulmonology</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Instruments_used_in_psychiatry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Instruments used in psychiatry (page does not exist)">Psychiatry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instruments_used_in_urology" title="Instruments used in urology">Urology</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Instruments_used_in_vascular_surgery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Instruments used in vascular surgery (page does not exist)">Vascular surgery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Post-mortem examinations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Instruments_used_in_anatomy" class="mw-redirect" title="Instruments used in anatomy">Anatomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instruments_used_in_forensics" class="mw-redirect" title="Instruments used in forensics">Forensic sciences</a></li></ul> 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