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class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Witryna"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Spis treści" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Spis treści</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button 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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zobacz_też"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Zobacz też</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zobacz_też-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Przypisy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Przypisy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Przypisy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Przypisy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Spis treści" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Przełącz stan spisu treści" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Przełącz stan spisu treści</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Glikoproteiny</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Przejdź do artykułu w innym języku. Treść dostępna w 54 językach" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-54" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">54 języki</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="بروتين سكري – arabski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بروتين سكري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glicoprote%C3%ADna" title="Glicoproteína – asturyjski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Glicoproteína" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Глікапратэіны – białoruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Глікапратэіны" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="białoruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Гликопротеин – bułgarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Гликопротеин" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bułgarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glikoprotein" title="Glikoprotein – bośniacki" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Glikoprotein" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bośniacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glicoprote%C3%AFna" title="Glicoproteïna – kataloński" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Glicoproteïna" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataloński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glykoproteiny" title="Glykoproteiny – czeski" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Glykoproteiny" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="czeski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glykoprotein" title="Glykoprotein – duński" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Glykoprotein" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="duński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glykoproteine" title="Glykoproteine – niemiecki" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Glykoproteine" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="niemiecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gl%C3%BCkoproteiinid" title="Glükoproteiinid – estoński" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Glükoproteiinid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BB%CF%85%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%80%CF%81%CF%89%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%90%CE%BD%CE%B7" title="Γλυκοπρωτεΐνη – grecki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γλυκοπρωτεΐνη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycoprotein" title="Glycoprotein – angielski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Glycoprotein" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angielski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucoprote%C3%ADna" title="Glucoproteína – hiszpański" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Glucoproteína" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hiszpański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glukoproteina" title="Glukoproteina – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Glukoproteina" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%86" title="گلیکوپروتئین – perski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گلیکوپروتئین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycoprot%C3%A9ine" title="Glycoprotéine – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Glycoprotéine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glicoprote%C3%ADna" title="Glicoproteína – galicyjski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Glicoproteína" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8B%B9%EB%8B%A8%EB%B0%B1%EC%A7%88" title="당단백질 – koreański" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="당단백질" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glikoprotein" title="Glikoprotein – indonezyjski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Glikoprotein" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glicoproteina" title="Glicoproteina – włoski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Glicoproteina" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="włoski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%98%D7%90%D7%99%D7%9F" title="גליקופרוטאין – hebrajski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גליקופרוטאין" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8C" title="ಗ್ಲೈಕೋಪ್ರೋಟೀನ್‌ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಗ್ಲೈಕೋಪ್ರೋಟೀನ್‌" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Гликопротеидтер – kazachski" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Гликопротеидтер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazachski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Гликопротеиддер – kirgiski" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Гликопротеиддер" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycoproteinum" title="Glycoproteinum – łaciński" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Glycoproteinum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="łaciński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glikoprote%C4%ABns" title="Glikoproteīns – łotewski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Glikoproteīns" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="łotewski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glikoproteinai" title="Glikoproteinai – litewski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Glikoproteinai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litewski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glikoprotein" title="Glikoprotein – węgierski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Glikoprotein" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="węgierski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Гликобелковина – macedoński" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Гликобелковина" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glikoprotein" title="Glikoprotein – malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Glikoprotein" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycoprote%C3%AFne" title="Glycoproteïne – niderlandzki" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Glycoproteïne" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="niderlandzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B3%96%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%91%E3%82%AF%E8%B3%AA" title="糖タンパク質 – japoński" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="糖タンパク質" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glykoprotein" title="Glykoprotein – norweski (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Glykoprotein" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norweski (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glykoprotein" title="Glykoprotein – norweski (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Glykoprotein" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norweski (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glicoprote%C3%AFna" title="Glicoproteïna – oksytański" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Glicoproteïna" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksytański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glikoproteidlar" title="Glikoproteidlar – uzbecki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Glikoproteidlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glicoprote%C3%ADna" title="Glicoproteína – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Glicoproteína" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glicoprotein%C4%83" title="Glicoproteină – rumuński" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Glicoproteină" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumuński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Гликопротеины – rosyjski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гликопротеины" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rosyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycoprotein" title="Glycoprotein – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Glycoprotein" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glikoprotein" title="Glikoprotein – słoweński" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Glikoprotein" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="słoweński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glikoprotein" title="Glikoprotein – serbski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Glikoprotein" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glikoprotein" title="Glikoprotein – serbsko-chorwacki" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Glikoprotein" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbsko-chorwacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glykoproteiini" title="Glykoproteiini – fiński" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Glykoproteiini" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glykoprotein" title="Glykoprotein – szwedzki" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Glykoprotein" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="szwedzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="கிளைக்கோபுரதம் – tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கிளைக்கோபுரதம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99" title="ไกลโคโปรตีน – tajski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไกลโคโปรตีน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BD%D2%B3%D0%BE" title="Гликопротеинҳо – tadżycki" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Гликопротеинҳо" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadżycki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glikoprotein" title="Glikoprotein – turecki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Glikoprotein" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Глікопротеїни – ukraiński" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Глікопротеїни" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycoprotein" title="Glycoprotein – wietnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Glycoprotein" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="wietnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B3%96%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD" title="糖蛋白 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="糖蛋白" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%86%A3%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD" title="醣蛋白 – kantoński" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="醣蛋白" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%86%A3%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD" title="醣蛋白 – chiński" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="醣蛋白" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Z Wikipedii, wolnej encyklopedii</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pl" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Plik:Glicoprotein.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Glicoprotein.svg/220px-Glicoprotein.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Glicoprotein.svg/330px-Glicoprotein.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Glicoprotein.svg/440px-Glicoprotein.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="798" /></a><figcaption>Grupa <a href="/wiki/Oligosacharydy" title="Oligosacharydy">oligosacharydowa</a> związana kowalencyjnie wiązaniem <a href="/wiki/Wi%C4%85zanie_N-glikozydowe" title="Wiązanie N-glikozydowe">N-glikozydowym</a> z <a href="/wiki/Asparagina" title="Asparagina">asparaginą</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Glikoproteiny</b> – <a href="/wiki/Bia%C5%82ka" title="Białka">białka</a> zawierające wiązane kowalencyjnie, z reguły liczne, <a href="/wiki/Oligosacharydy" title="Oligosacharydy">oligosacharydy</a> o łańcuchu prostym, czasem rozgałęzionym, złożonym zwykle z 2-10 reszt <a href="/wiki/Cukry_proste" class="mw-redirect" title="Cukry proste">monosacharydu</a> (z reguły są zbudowane z N-acetyloheksozaminy, <a href="/wiki/Galaktoza" title="Galaktoza">galaktozy</a> lub <a href="/wiki/Mannoza" title="Mannoza">mannozy</a>, a rzadziej z <a href="/wiki/Glukoza" title="Glukoza">glukozy</a>). Dołączanie sacharydów następuje po pełnej syntezie łańcucha polipeptydowego w ramach tzw. modyfikacji potranslacyjnej (glikozylacja jest najpowszechniejszą formą modyfikacji potranslacyjnej<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup>). Glikoproteiny są szeroko rozpowszechnione u roślin i zwierząt, gdzie stanowią składniki cieczy ustrojowych i białek błonowych. Głównymi przedstawicielami są liczne <a href="/wiki/Enzymy" title="Enzymy">enzymy</a> (np. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydrolaza_acetylocholiny&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hydrolaza acetylocholiny (strona nie istnieje)">hydrolaza acetylocholiny</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Glukoamylaza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glukoamylaza (strona nie istnieje)">glukoamylaza</a>), <a href="/wiki/Hormony_bia%C5%82kowe" title="Hormony białkowe">hormony białkowe</a>, białka <a href="/wiki/Osocze_krwi" title="Osocze krwi">surowicy</a> (α-glikoproteina plazmy <a href="/wiki/Krew" title="Krew">krwi</a>), wszystkie przeciwciała i substancje grupowe krwi. Zawartość <a href="/wiki/W%C4%99glowodany" title="Węglowodany">sacharydów</a> w glikoproteinach waha się w granicach od 3% (<a href="/wiki/Albumina" class="mw-redirect" title="Albumina">albumina</a> <a href="/wiki/Jajo_(biologia)" title="Jajo (biologia)">jaja</a>) do 50% (albumina gruczołu podszczękowego). Podstawowa funkcja glikoprotein to ochrona przed proteolizą oraz zlepianie i "smarowanie" powierzchni faz. Są one również odpowiedzialne za rozpoznawanie ciał obcych (<a href="/wiki/Przeciwcia%C5%82o" title="Przeciwciało">przeciwciała</a>) oraz własnych specyficznie pasujących elementów, np. znamię słupka i powierzchnia pyłku u roślin, szczepy bakterii Rhizobium i powierzchnia korzenia (lektyny). Stanowią też podstawowy składnik substancji grupowych krwi oraz licznych receptorów występujących na powierzchni komórki. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Przykładowe_glikoproteiny"><span id="Przyk.C5.82adowe_glikoproteiny"></span>Przykładowe glikoproteiny</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glikoproteiny&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj sekcję: Przykładowe glikoproteiny" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glikoproteiny&action=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Przykładowe glikoproteiny"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gliadyna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gliadyna (strona nie istnieje)">gliadyna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mucyny" title="Mucyny">mucyna</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zobacz_też"><span id="Zobacz_te.C5.BC"></span>Zobacz też</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glikoproteiny&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj sekcję: Zobacz też" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glikoproteiny&action=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Zobacz też"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glikopeptydy" title="Glikopeptydy">glikopeptydy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Test_PAG" title="Test PAG">test PAG</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Przypisy">Przypisy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glikoproteiny&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Edytuj sekcję: Przypisy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glikoproteiny&action=edit&section=3" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Przypisy"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="do-not-make-smaller refsection"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">P.C. Turner: <i>Biologia molekularna. Krótkie wykłady</i>. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, 1999, s. 12-13. <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/9788301129286" title="Specjalna:Książki/9788301129286">ISBN <span class="isbn isbn-ulepszony">978-83-01-12928-6</span></a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biologia+molekularna.+Kr%C3%B3tkie+wyk%C5%82ady&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=P.C.&rft.date=1999&rft.pub=Wydawnictwo+Naukowe+PWN&rft.place=Warszawa&rft.pages=12-13&rft.isbn=9788301129286"></span></cite></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glikoproteiny&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Edytuj sekcję: Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glikoproteiny&action=edit&section=4" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Bibliografia"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><cite class="citation book">Jerzy Kączkowski: <i>Podstawy biochemii</i>. Warszawa: Wydawnictwa Naukowo-Techniczne, 2009. <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/9788320434972" title="Specjalna:Książki/9788320434972">ISBN <span class="isbn">978-83-204-3497-2</span></a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Podstawy+biochemii&rft.aulast=K%C4%85czkowski&rft.aufirst=Jerzy&rft.date=2009&rft.pub=Wydawnictwa+Naukowo-Techniczne&rft.place=Warszawa&rft.isbn=978-83-204-3497-2"></span></cite><span class="problemy" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet=""> Brak numerów stron w książce</span> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74016753">.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div+div{margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div>div{background:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);padding:.2em .5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul li:first-child{padding-left:.5em;border-left:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1)}</style> <div id="normdaten" class="catlinks"><div class="normdaten-typ-fehlt"><div><a href="/wiki/Kontrola_autorytatywna" title="Kontrola autorytatywna">Kontrola autorytatywna</a> (<span class="description">strukturalna klasa indywiduów chemicznych</span>):</div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lccn.loc.gov/sh85055403">sh85055403</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4071905-4">4071905-4</a></span></li><li><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_NDL_Authorities" class="extiw" title="de:Web NDL Authorities">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00573418">00573418</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale" title="Bibliothèque nationale">BnF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11981776x">11981776x</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Centralna_Biblioteka_Narodowa_we_Florencji" title="Centralna Biblioteka Narodowa we Florencji">BNCF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thes.bncf.firenze.sbn.it/termine.php?id=4205">4205</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteka_Narodowa_Republiki_Czeskiej" title="Biblioteka Narodowa Republiki Czeskiej">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aut.nkp.cz/ph318926">ph318926</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Hiszpa%C5%84ska_Biblioteka_Narodowa" title="Hiszpańska Biblioteka Narodowa">BNE</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX532881">XX532881</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteka_Narodowa_Izraela" title="Biblioteka Narodowa Izraela">J9U</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007531216005171">987007531216005171</a></span></li></ul></div><div class="normdaten-andere"><div><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_internetowa" title="Encyklopedia internetowa">Encyklopedie internetowe</a>:</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_Britannica" title="Encyklopedia Britannica">Britannica</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/glycoprotein">science/glycoprotein</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalencyklopedin" title="Nationalencyklopedin">NE.se</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/lång/glykoproteiner">glykoproteiner</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Store_norske_leksikon" title="Store norske leksikon">SNL</a>: <span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=4342&url_prefix=https://snl.no/&id=glykoproteiner">glykoproteiner</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visuotin%C4%97_lietuvi%C5%B3_enciklopedija" title="Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija">VLE</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vle.lt/straipsnis/glikoproteinai/">glikoproteinai</a></span></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P1296" class="extiw" title="d:Property:P1296">Catalana</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/ec-gec-0273071.xml">0273071</a></span></li></ul> </div></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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