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href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-相關條目" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#相關條目"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>相關條目</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-相關條目-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考資料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考資料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>參考資料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考資料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">補貼</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。52种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-52" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">52种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B9%D9%85_%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A" title="دعم حكومي – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دعم حكومي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsidiya" title="Subsidiya – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Subsidiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Субсидия – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Субсидия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subvence" title="Subvence – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Subvence" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsidium" title="Subsidium – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Subsidium" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subvention" title="Subvention – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Subvention" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsidy" title="Subsidy – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Subsidy" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subvencio" title="Subvencio – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Subvencio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsidio" title="Subsidio – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Subsidio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsiidium" title="Subsiidium – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Subsiidium" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsidio" title="Subsidio – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Subsidio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87" title="یارانه – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="یارانه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuki" title="Tuki – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tuki" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsydzje" title="Subsydzje – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Subsydzje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%93%D7%99%D7%94" title="סובסידיה – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סובסידיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="सहायिकी – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सहायिकी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subvencije" title="Subvencije – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Subvencije" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A2%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Սուբսիդիա – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սուբսիդիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsidi" title="Subsidi – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Subsidi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sussidio" title="Sussidio – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sussidio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A3%9C%E5%8A%A9%E9%87%91" title="補助金 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="補助金" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Субсидия – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Субсидия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%A7%E0%B2%A8" title="ಸಹಾಯಧನ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಹಾಯಧನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B3%B4%EC%A1%B0%EA%B8%88" title="보조금 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="보조금" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsidija" title="Subsidija – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Subsidija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Субвенционирање – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Субвенционирање" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF" title="സബ്‌സിഡി – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സബ്‌സിഡി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Татаас – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Татаас" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="अनुदान – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="अनुदान" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsidi" title="Subsidi – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Subsidi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsidie" title="Subsidie – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Subsidie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsidie" title="Subsidie – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Subsidie" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%80" title="ਸਬਸਿਡੀ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਬਸਿਡੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subwencja" title="Subwencja – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Subwencja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%B3%D9%8A%DA%89%D9%8A" title="سبسيډي – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سبسيډي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subs%C3%ADdio" title="Subsídio – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Subsídio" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subven%C8%9Bie" title="Subvenție – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Subvenție" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Субсидия – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Субсидия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Субсидия – 萨哈语" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Субсидия" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="萨哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsidy" title="Subsidy – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Subsidy" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subvencija" title="Subvencija – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Subvencija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muserimadzwa" title="Muserimadzwa – 绍纳语" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Muserimadzwa" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="绍纳语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subvencionet" title="Subvencionet – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Subvencionet" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subvention" title="Subvention – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Subvention" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%AF%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B2%D3%A3_(%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Кӯмаки молиявӣ (субсидия) – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Кӯмаки молиявӣ (субсидия)" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%99" title="เงินอุดหนุน – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เงินอุดหนุน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCbvansiyon" title="Sübvansiyon – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sübvansiyon" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Субсидия – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Субсидия" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Субсидія – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Субсидія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsidiya" title="Subsidiya – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Subsidiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%E1%BB%A3_c%E1%BA%A5p" title="Trợ cấp – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Trợ cấp" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B4%A5%E8%B2%BC" title="津貼 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="津貼" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q193219#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%9C%E8%B2%BC" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E8%A3%9C%E8%B2%BC" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" 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vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a 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</div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Subsidies" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q193219" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div 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class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><p><b>補貼</b>，<b>津贴</b>是一種普遍實施於特定个人、家庭或企業的經濟援助或支持形式，通常用以促進<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" class="mw-redirect" title="經濟政策">經濟政策</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" class="mw-redirect" title="社會政策">社會政策</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-Myers_1998a_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Myers_1998a-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 雖然補貼通常從政府延伸而來，但該用語可以與任何類型的支持相關—例如來自<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" class="mw-redirect" title="非政府組織">非政府組織</a>或隱性補貼（英語：implicit subsidy）。補貼有多種形式，包括直接之現金補助、無息貸款，以及間接之徵稅減免、保險、低息貸款、加速折舊、租金<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E8%B4%88" title="回贈">回贈</a>等。<sup id="cite_ref-Haley_and_Haley_2013_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haley_and_Haley_2013-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cheapMyers_and_Kent_2001_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cheapMyers_and_Kent_2001-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 補貼被用以促進商品的生產、出口或消費和投資。補貼是對<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%82%E5%A0%B4%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="市場經濟">市場經濟</a>之政治干預，旨在促進市場參與者的特定種類行為。因此，它們是經濟政策工具的一部分。<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>此外，它們可以是廣泛或針對特定對象、合法的或非法的、道德的或不道德的。最常見的補貼形式是對生產者或消費者的補貼。生產者/生產過程補貼通過提供<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%82%E5%A0%B4%E5%83%B9%E6%A0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="市場價格">市場價格</a>支持、直接支持或支付給<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E8%A6%81%E7%B4%A0" title="生产要素">生產要素</a>來確保生產之狀況更好。<sup id="cite_ref-cheapMyers_and_Kent_2001_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cheapMyers_and_Kent_2001-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 消費者/消費過程補貼通常會降低商品和服務對消費者的價格。例如，在美國汽油之售價曾低於瓶裝水。<sup id="cite_ref-Myers_1998a_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Myers_1998a-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 此外，獲補貼支持者通常與公眾利益有關，例如<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B2%E7%94%A2%E5%93%81" class="mw-redirect" title="農產品">農產品</a>之補貼政策。 </p><p>對反對者來說，補貼會被認為是<a href="/wiki/%E5%95%86%E6%A5%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="商業">商業</a>上的福利。補貼可視作<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%85" title="稅">稅</a>的相反，而補貼也可以減稅的形式提供，這種補貼被稱為稅式支出（英語：tax expenditures）或徵稅減免。 </p><p>補貼令消費者無需付出全費購買商品，但亦防止消費者獲得全面價值，補貼的社會是一個消費性社會，因為它不公平地鼓勵消費。在<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E5%B8%82%E5%A0%B4" title="自由市場">自由市場</a>的情況下，消費者會作出對交易獲得最高價值的選擇，但在補貼的經濟情況下，受到補貼的產品將比不消費有人為的更高價值。補貼的代價由稅項付出。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="相關條目"><span id=".E7.9B.B8.E9.97.9C.E6.A2.9D.E7.9B.AE"></span>相關條目</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A3%9C%E8%B2%BC&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：相關條目"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B2%E6%A5%AD%E8%A3%9C%E8%B2%BC" title="農業補貼">農業補貼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E8%82%B2%E7%8D%8E%E5%8B%B5" title="生育獎勵">生育奖励</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考資料"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E8.B3.87.E6.96.99"></span>參考資料</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A3%9C%E8%B2%BC&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：參考資料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Myers_1998a-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Myers_1998a_1-0"><sup><b>1.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Myers_1998a_1-1"><sup><b>1.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Myers, N. Lifting the veil on perverse subsidies. Nature. 1998, <b>392</b> (6674): 327–328. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998Natur.392..327M"><span title="Bibcode">Bibcode:1998Natur.392..327M</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4426064"><span title="Semantic Scholar">S2CID 4426064</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F32761"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1038/32761</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%A3%9C%E8%B2%BC&rft.atitle=Lifting+the+veil+on+perverse+subsidies&rft.aufirst=N.&rft.aulast=Myers&rft.date=1998&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=6674&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.pages=327-328&rft.volume=392&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A4426064&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1998Natur.392..327M&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F32761&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Haley_and_Haley_2013-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Haley_and_Haley_2013_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Haley, U.; G. Haley. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/news/finance-and-economics/21576680-new-book-lays-out-scale-chinas-industrial-subsidies-perverse-advantage">Subsidies to Chinese Industry</a>. The Economist (London: Oxford University Press). 2013 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2023-03-24</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170616162334/http://www.economist.com/news/finance-and-economics/21576680-new-book-lays-out-scale-chinas-industrial-subsidies-perverse-advantage">存档</a>于2017-06-16）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%A3%9C%E8%B2%BC&rft.atitle=Subsidies+to+Chinese+Industry&rft.au=G.+Haley&rft.aufirst=U.&rft.aulast=Haley&rft.date=2013&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fnews%2Ffinance-and-economics%2F21576680-new-book-lays-out-scale-chinas-industrial-subsidies-perverse-advantage&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cheapMyers_and_Kent_2001-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cheapMyers_and_Kent_2001_3-0"><sup><b>3.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cheapMyers_and_Kent_2001_3-1"><sup><b>3.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Myers, N.; Kent, J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/perversesubsidie00myer">Perverse subsidies: how tax dollars can undercut the environment and the economy</a><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="需要免费注册"><img alt="需要免费注册" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>. Washington, DC: Island Press. 2001. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-1-55963-835-7" title="Special:网络书源/978-1-55963-835-7"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-1-55963-835-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%A3%9C%E8%B2%BC&rft.au=Kent%2C+J.&rft.aufirst=N.&rft.aulast=Myers&rft.btitle=Perverse+subsidies%3A+how+tax+dollars+can+undercut+the+environment+and+the+economy&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-55963-835-7&rft.place=Washington%2C+DC&rft.pub=Island+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fperversesubsidie00myer&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> 含有內容需登入查看的頁面 (<a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9%E9%9C%80%E7%99%BB%E5%85%A5%E6%9F%A5%E7%9C%8B%E7%9A%84%E9%A0%81%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:含有內容需登入查看的頁面">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Vijay Laxman Kelkar: <i>GATT, Export Subsidies and Developing Countries.</i> In: <i>Journal of World Trade.</i> Bd. 14, Nr. 4, 1980, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r61200749">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription 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