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href="#Digital_library"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Digital library</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Digital_library-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_directors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_directors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>List of directors</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-List_of_directors-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle List of directors subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-List_of_directors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1369–1792" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1369–1792"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>1369–1792</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1369–1792-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1792–present" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1792–present"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>1792–present</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1792–present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_patrons" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_patrons"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notable patrons</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_patrons-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Bibliothèque nationale de France</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" 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Available in 85 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-85" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">85 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Bibliothèque nationale de France" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="المكتبة الوطنية الفرنسية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="المكتبة الوطنية الفرنسية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliot%C3%A8ca_nacion%C3%A2la_de_France" title="Bibliotèca nacionâla de France – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Bibliotèca nacionâla de France" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Francia" title="Biblioteca Nacional de Francia – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Biblioteca Nacional de Francia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fransa_Milli_Kitabxanas%C4%B1" title="Fransa Milli Kitabxanası – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fransa Milli Kitabxanası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF_%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%81%E0%A6%B8" title="বিবলিওতেক নাসিওনাল দ্য ফ্রঁস – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বিবলিওতেক নাসিওনাল দ্য ফ্রঁস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoat-kok_Kok-li%CC%8Dp_T%C3%B4%CD%98-su-ko%C3%A1n" title="Hoat-kok Kok-li̍p Tô͘-su-koán – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hoat-kok Kok-li̍p Tô͘-su-koán" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Нацыянальная бібліятэка Францыі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нацыянальная бібліятэка Францыі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Нацыянальная бібліятэка Францыі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Нацыянальная бібліятэка Францыі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8" title="बिब्लियोथिक नेशनाले डी फ्रांस – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="बिब्लियोथिक नेशनाले डी फ्रांस" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Национална библиотека на Франция – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Национална библиотека на Франция" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacionalna_biblioteka_Francuske" title="Nacionalna biblioteka Francuske – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Nacionalna biblioteka Francuske" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levraoueg_Vroadel_Bro-C%27hall" title="Levraoueg Vroadel Bro-C'hall – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Levraoueg Vroadel Bro-C'hall" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Fran%C3%A7a" title="Biblioteca Nacional de França – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Biblioteca Nacional de França" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francouzsk%C3%A1_n%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_knihovna" title="Francouzská národní knihovna – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Francouzská národní knihovna" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Bibliothèque nationale de France" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Bibliothèque nationale de France" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%85%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="لمكتابة لوطنية لفرانساوية – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لمكتابة لوطنية لفرانساوية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bibliothèque nationale de France" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%B8%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%B8%CE%AE%CE%BA%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%93%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Εθνική Βιβλιοθήκη της Γαλλίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εθνική Βιβλιοθήκη της Γαλλίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Francia" title="Biblioteca Nacional de Francia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Biblioteca Nacional de Francia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacia_Biblioteko_de_Francio" title="Nacia Biblioteko de Francio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nacia Biblioteko de Francio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frantziako_Liburutegi_Nazionala" title="Frantziako Liburutegi Nazionala – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Frantziako Liburutegi Nazionala" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%87" title="کتابخانه ملی فرانسه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کتابخانه ملی فرانسه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bibliothèque nationale de France" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leabharlann_N%C3%A1isi%C3%BAnta_na_Fraince" title="Leabharlann Náisiúnta na Fraince – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Leabharlann Náisiúnta na Fraince" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Bibliothèque nationale de France" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Francia" title="Biblioteca Nacional de Francia – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Biblioteca Nacional de Francia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%9E%91%EC%8A%A4_%EA%B5%AD%EB%A6%BD%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C%EA%B4%80" title="프랑스 국립도서관 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="프랑스 국립도서관" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%96%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%A3%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Ֆրանսիայի ազգային գրադարան – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ֆրանսիայի ազգային գրադարան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BC_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8" title="बिब्लियोथेक़ नेशनल दी फ्रांस – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बिब्लियोथेक़ नेशनल दी फ्रांस" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francuska_nacionalna_knji%C5%BEnica" title="Francuska nacionalna knjižnica – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Francuska nacionalna knjižnica" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacionala_biblioteko_di_Francia" title="Nacionala biblioteko di Francia – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Nacionala biblioteko di Francia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Bibliothèque nationale de France" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bibliothèque nationale de France" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Francia" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Francia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Biblioteca nazionale di Francia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%A6%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%AA" title="הספרייה הלאומית של צרפת – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הספרייה הלאומית של צרפת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Bibliothèque nationale de France" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="საფრანგეთის ეროვნული ბიბლიოთეკა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="საფრანგეთის ეროვნული ბიბლიოთეკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D2%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Франция Ұлттық кітапханасы – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Франция Ұлттық кітапханасы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliotheca_Nationalis_Francica" title="Bibliotheca Nationalis Francica – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Bibliotheca Nationalis Francica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francijas_Nacion%C4%81l%C4%81_bibliot%C4%93ka" title="Francijas Nacionālā bibliotēka – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Francijas Nacionālā bibliotēka" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Bibliothèque nationale de France" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pranc%C5%ABzijos_nacionalin%C4%97_biblioteka" title="Prancūzijos nacionalinė biblioteka – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Prancūzijos nacionalinė biblioteka" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliot%C3%AAca_na%C3%A7ion%C3%A2le_de_Fr%C3%A0nsa" title="Bibliotêca naçionâle de Frànsa – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Bibliotêca naçionâle de Frànsa" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Nasional_de_Frans" title="Biblioteca Nasional de Frans – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Biblioteca Nasional de Frans" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francia_Nemzeti_K%C3%B6nyvt%C3%A1r" title="Francia Nemzeti Könyvtár – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Francia Nemzeti Könyvtár" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Национална библиотека на Франција – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Национална библиотека на Франција" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%87%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="ബിബ്ലിയോത്തിക് നാഷണേൽ ഡി ഫ്രാൻസ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബിബ്ലിയോത്തിക് നാഷണേൽ ഡി ഫ്രാൻസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%87" title="مكتبة فرنسا الوطنيه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مكتبة فرنسا الوطنيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perpustakaan_Negara_Perancis" title="Perpustakaan Negara Perancis – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Perpustakaan Negara Perancis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D2%AE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Францын Үндэсний номын сан – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Францын Үндэсний номын сан" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Bibliothèque nationale de France" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9B%B3%E6%9B%B8%E9%A4%A8" title="フランス国立図書館 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フランス国立図書館" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Bibliothèque nationale de France" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Bibliothèque nationale de France" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Bibliothèque nationale de France" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliot%C3%A8ca_Nacionala_de_Fran%C3%A7a" title="Bibliotèca Nacionala de França – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Bibliotèca Nacionala de França" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parij_milliy_kutubxonasi" title="Parij milliy kutubxonasi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Parij milliy kutubxonasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale" title="Bibliothèque nationale – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bibliothèque nationale" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Fran%C3%A7a" title="Biblioteca Nacional da França – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Biblioteca Nacional da França" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Bibliothèque nationale de France" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Национальная библиотека Франции – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Национальная библиотека Франции" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Bibliothèque nationale de France" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="Bibliothèque nationale de France" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Bibliothèque nationale de France" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franc%C3%BAzska_n%C3%A1rodn%C3%A1_kni%C5%BEnica" title="Francúzska národná knižnica – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Francúzska národná knižnica" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francoska_narodna_knji%C5%BEnica" title="Francoska narodna knjižnica – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Francoska narodna knjižnica" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%AA%DB%8E%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%95%DB%8C_%D9%86%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%95%D9%88%DB%95%DB%8C%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D9%81%DB%95%DA%95%DB%95%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7" title="کتێبخانەی نەتەوەییی فەڕەنسا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کتێبخانەی نەتەوەییی فەڕەنسا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacionalna_biblioteka_Francuske" title="Nacionalna biblioteka Francuske – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Nacionalna biblioteka Francuske" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Bibliothèque nationale de France" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranskan_kansalliskirjasto" title="Ranskan kansalliskirjasto – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ranskan kansalliskirjasto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bibliothèque nationale de France" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="பிரான்சின் தேசிய நூலகம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பிரான்சின் தேசிய நூலகம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9D%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AA" title="ห้องสมุดแห่งชาติฝรั่งเศส – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ห้องสมุดแห่งชาติฝรั่งเศส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fransa_Mill%C3%AE_K%C3%BCt%C3%BCphanesi" title="Fransa Millî Kütüphanesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Fransa Millî Kütüphanesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%96%D1%97" title="Національна бібліотека Франції – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Національна бібліотека Франції" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3_%DA%A9%D8%A7_%D9%82%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A8_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%81" title="فرانس کا قومی کتب خانہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فرانس کا قومی کتب خانہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Bibliothèque nationale de France" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C6%B0_vi%E1%BB%87n_Qu%E1%BB%91c_gia_Ph%C3%A1p" title="Thư viện Quốc gia Pháp – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thư viện Quốc gia Pháp" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France&params=48_50_01_N_2_22_33_E_region:FR-IDF_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">48°50′01″N</span> <span class="longitude">2°22′33″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">48.83361°N 2.37583°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">48.83361; 2.37583</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">National library of France in Paris</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Bibliothèque nationale" redirects here. For other libraries known as Bibliothèque nationale, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_national_and_state_libraries" title="List of national and state libraries">List of national and state libraries</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"BnF" and "Gallica" redirect here. For the compound abbreviated as "BnF", see <a href="/wiki/Benzyl_fluoride" title="Benzyl fluoride">Benzyl fluoride</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Gallica_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Gallica (disambiguation)">Gallica (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p><span class="anchor" id="BNF"></span> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ededed;">National Library of France</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span class="nickname"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Bibliothèque nationale de France</i></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Logo_BnF.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Logo_BnF.svg/220px-Logo_BnF.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Logo_BnF.svg/330px-Logo_BnF.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Logo_BnF.svg/440px-Logo_BnF.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="677" data-file-height="252" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div style="background-color:#FFFFFF;border-collapse:collapse;border:0px solid black;width:270px;display:table;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:2px 0 0 2px"><div style="display:table;background-color:#FFFFFF;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Biblioth%C3%A8que_Mitterrand_Mai_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Biblioth%C3%A8que_Mitterrand_Mai_2022.jpg/270px-Biblioth%C3%A8que_Mitterrand_Mai_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Biblioth%C3%A8que_Mitterrand_Mai_2022.jpg/405px-Biblioth%C3%A8que_Mitterrand_Mai_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Biblioth%C3%A8que_Mitterrand_Mai_2022.jpg/540px-Biblioth%C3%A8que_Mitterrand_Mai_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5138" data-file-height="2890" /></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:#FFFFFF;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:La_salle_ovale_du_site_Richelieu,_Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France,_Paris_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/La_salle_ovale_du_site_Richelieu%2C_Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France%2C_Paris_2022.jpg/270px-La_salle_ovale_du_site_Richelieu%2C_Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France%2C_Paris_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/La_salle_ovale_du_site_Richelieu%2C_Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France%2C_Paris_2022.jpg/405px-La_salle_ovale_du_site_Richelieu%2C_Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France%2C_Paris_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/La_salle_ovale_du_site_Richelieu%2C_Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France%2C_Paris_2022.jpg/540px-La_salle_ovale_du_site_Richelieu%2C_Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France%2C_Paris_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7952" data-file-height="5605" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="14" data-overlays="["_94670d1cf4475ce02f822b18636adec5dde18d27"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,14,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France&revid=1255964734&groups=_94670d1cf4475ce02f822b18636adec5dde18d27" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,14,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France&revid=1255964734&groups=_94670d1cf4475ce02f822b18636adec5dde18d27 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, France</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1461<span class="noprint">; 563 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1461</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background: #ededed;">Collection</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Items collected</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Book" title="Book">Books</a>, <a href="/wiki/Academic_journal" title="Academic journal">journals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Newspaper" title="Newspaper">newspapers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magazine" title="Magazine">magazines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sound_recording" class="mw-redirect" title="Sound recording">sound and music recordings</a>, <a href="/wiki/Patent" title="Patent">patents</a>, <a href="/wiki/Database" title="Database">databases</a>, <a href="/wiki/Map" title="Map">maps</a>, <a href="/wiki/Postage_stamp" title="Postage stamp">stamps</a>, <a href="/wiki/Printmaking" title="Printmaking">prints</a>, <a href="/wiki/Drawing" title="Drawing">drawings</a> and <a href="/wiki/Manuscript" title="Manuscript">manuscripts</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Size</th><td class="infobox-data">42M items<br />including 16M books, 410,000 journals, 950,000 maps, 2M music sheets. 48B web archives equivalent to 1,800 terabytes<sup id="cite_ref-chiffres_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chiffres-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background: #ededed;">Access and use</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Access requirements</th><td class="infobox-data">Open to anyone with a need to use the collections and services</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background: #ededed;">Other information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Budget</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap">€254</span> million<sup id="cite_ref-chiffres_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chiffres-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Director</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Engel" title="Laurence Engel">Laurence Engel</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Employees</th><td class="infobox-data">2,300</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bnf.fr">bnf.fr</a></span> <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b><span title="French-language text"><span lang="fr" style="font-style: normal;">Bibliothèque nationale de France</span></span></b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">French:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[biblijɔtɛk<span class="wrap"> </span>nɑsjɔnal<span class="wrap"> </span>də<span class="wrap"> </span>fʁɑ̃s]</a></span>; 'National Library of France'; <b>BnF</b>) is the <a href="/wiki/National_library" title="National library">national library</a> of <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, located in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> on two main sites known respectively as <i>Richelieu</i> and <i>François-Mitterrand</i>. It is the national repository of all that is published in France. Some of its extensive collections, including books and manuscripts but also precious objects and artworks, are on display at the <a href="/wiki/BnF_Museum" title="BnF Museum">BnF Museum</a> (formerly known as the <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Cabinet des Médailles</i></span>) on the Richelieu site. </p><p>The National Library of France is a public establishment under the supervision of the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Culture_(France)" title="Ministry of Culture (France)">Ministry of Culture</a>. Its mission is to constitute collections, especially the copies of works published in France that must, by law, be deposited there, conserve them, and make them available to the public. It produces a reference catalogue, cooperates with other national and international establishments, as well as participates in research programs. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The National Library of France traces its origin to the royal library founded at the <a href="/wiki/Louvre_Palace" title="Louvre Palace">Louvre Palace</a> by <a href="/wiki/Charles_V_of_France" title="Charles V of France">Charles V</a> in 1368. Charles had received a collection of manuscripts from his predecessor, <a href="/wiki/John_II_of_France" title="John II of France">John II</a>, and transferred them to the Louvre from the <a href="/wiki/Palais_de_la_Cit%C3%A9" title="Palais de la Cité">Palais de la Cité</a>. The first librarian of record was Claude Mallet, the king's valet de chambre, who made a sort of catalogue, <i>Inventoire des Livres du Roy nostre Seigneur estans au Chastel du Louvre</i>. Jean Blanchet made another list in 1380 and Jean de Bégue one in 1411 and another in 1424. Charles V was a patron of learning and encouraged the making and collection of books. It is known that he employed <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Oresme" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicholas Oresme">Nicholas Oresme</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Raoul_de_Presles_(conseiller_de_Charles_V)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raoul de Presles (conseiller de Charles V) (page does not exist)">Raoul de Presles (conseiller de Charles V)</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raoul_de_Presles_(conseiller_de_Charles_V)" class="extiw" title="fr:Raoul de Presles (conseiller de Charles V)">fr</a>]</span>, and others to transcribe ancient texts. At the death of <a href="/wiki/Charles_VI_of_France" title="Charles VI of France">Charles VI</a>, this first collection was unilaterally bought by the English regent of France, the <a href="/wiki/John_of_Lancaster,_1st_Duke_of_Bedford" class="mw-redirect" title="John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford">Duke of Bedford</a>, who transferred it to England in 1424. It was apparently dispersed at his death in 1435.<sup id="cite_ref-priebe_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-priebe-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ea_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ea-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Charles_VII_of_France" title="Charles VII of France">Charles VII</a> did little to repair the loss of these books, but the invention of printing resulted in the starting of another collection in the Louvre inherited by <a href="/wiki/Louis_XI_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XI of France">Louis XI</a> in 1461. <a href="/wiki/Charles_VIII_of_France" title="Charles VIII of France">Charles VIII</a> seized a part of the collection of the kings of <a href="/wiki/Aragon" title="Aragon">Aragon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-staikos2012_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-staikos2012-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Louis_XII_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XII of France">Louis XII</a>, who had inherited the library at <a href="/wiki/Blois" title="Blois">Blois</a>, incorporated the latter into the <i>Bibliothèque du Roi</i> and further enriched it with the <a href="/wiki/Louis_de_Gruuthuse" title="Louis de Gruuthuse">Gruthuyse</a> collection and with plunder from <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a>. <a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">Francis I</a> transferred the collection in 1534 to <a href="/wiki/Fontainebleau" title="Fontainebleau">Fontainebleau</a> and merged it with his private library. During his reign, fine bindings became the craze and many of the books added by him and <a href="/wiki/Henry_II_of_France" title="Henry II of France">Henry II</a> are masterpieces of the binder's art.<sup id="cite_ref-ea_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ea-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under librarianship of <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Amyot" title="Jacques Amyot">Jacques Amyot</a>, the collection was transferred to Paris and then relocated on several occasions, a process during which many treasures were lost.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV_of_France" title="Henry IV of France">Henry IV</a> had it moved to the <a href="/wiki/Coll%C3%A8ge_de_Clermont" class="mw-redirect" title="Collège de Clermont">Collège de Clermont</a> in 1595, a year after the expulsion of the Jesuits from their establishment. In 1604, the Jesuits were allowed to return and the collection was moved to the <a href="/wiki/Cordeliers_Convent" title="Cordeliers Convent">Cordeliers Convent</a>, then in 1622 to the nearby <a href="/w/index.php?title=Confr%C3%A9rie_de_Saint-C%C3%B4me_et_de_Saint-Damien&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Confrérie de Saint-Côme et de Saint-Damien (page does not exist)">Confrérie de Saint-Côme et de Saint-Damien</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confr%C3%A9rie_de_Saint-C%C3%B4me_et_de_Saint-Damien" class="extiw" title="fr:Confrérie de Saint-Côme et de Saint-Damien">fr</a>]</span> on the <a href="/wiki/Rue_de_la_Harpe" title="Rue de la Harpe">rue de la Harpe</a>. The appointment of <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Auguste_de_Thou" title="Jacques Auguste de Thou">Jacques Auguste de Thou</a> as librarian initiated a period of development that made it the largest and richest collection of books in the world. He was succeeded by his son who was replaced, when executed for treason, by <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bignon" title="Jérôme Bignon">Jérôme Bignon</a>, the first of a line of librarians of the same name. Under de Thou, the library was enriched by the collections of Queen <a href="/wiki/Catherine_de_Medici" class="mw-redirect" title="Catherine de Medici">Catherine de Medici</a>. The library grew rapidly during the reigns of <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIII" title="Louis XIII">Louis XIII</a> and <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV" title="Louis XIV">Louis XIV</a>, due in great part to the interest of Minister <a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Colbert" title="Jean-Baptiste Colbert">Jean-Baptiste Colbert</a>, himself a dedicated collector of books.<sup id="cite_ref-ea_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ea-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The site in the Rue de la Harpe becoming inadequate, the library was again moved, in 1666, to two adjacent houses in Rue Vivienne. After Colbert, Louis XIV's minister <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Michel_le_Tellier,_Marquis_de_Louvois" title="François-Michel le Tellier, Marquis de Louvois">Louvois</a> also took interest in the library and employed <a href="/wiki/Jean_Mabillon" title="Jean Mabillon">Jean Mabillon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melchis%C3%A9dech_Th%C3%A9venot" title="Melchisédech Thévenot">Melchisédech Thévenot</a>, and others to procure books from every source. In 1688, a catalogue in eight volumes was compiled.<sup id="cite_ref-ea_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ea-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Louvois considered the erection of an opulent building to host it on what would become the <a href="/wiki/Place_Vend%C3%B4me" title="Place Vendôme">Place Vendôme</a>, a project that was however left unexecuted following the minister's death in 1691. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BNF_Richelieu_Galerie_Mazarin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BNF_Richelieu_Galerie_Mazarin.jpg/290px-BNF_Richelieu_Galerie_Mazarin.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BNF_Richelieu_Galerie_Mazarin.jpg/435px-BNF_Richelieu_Galerie_Mazarin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BNF_Richelieu_Galerie_Mazarin.jpg/580px-BNF_Richelieu_Galerie_Mazarin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3680" data-file-height="2760" /></a><figcaption>Galerie Mazarin, Richelieu site</figcaption></figure> <p>The library opened to the public in 1692, under the administration of Abbott <a href="/wiki/Camille_le_Tellier_de_Louvois" class="mw-redirect" title="Camille le Tellier de Louvois">Camille le Tellier de Louvois</a>, the minister's son. The Abbé Louvois was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Bignon" title="Jean-Paul Bignon">Jean-Paul Bignon</a>, who in 1721 seized the opportunity of the collapse of <a href="/wiki/John_Law_(economist)" title="John Law (economist)">John Law</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_Company" title="Mississippi Company">Mississippi Company</a>. The company had been relocated by Law into the former palace of <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Mazarin" title="Cardinal Mazarin">Cardinal Mazarin</a> around <a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Tubeuf" title="Hôtel Tubeuf">Hôtel Tubeuf</a>, and its failure freed significant space in which the Library would expand (even though the Hotel Tubeuf itself would remain occupied by <a href="/wiki/French_East_India_Company" title="French East India Company">French East India Company</a> and later by France's financial bureaucracy until the 1820s). Bignon also instituted a complete reform of the library's system. Catalogues were made which appeared from 1739 to 1753 in 11 volumes. The collections increased steadily by purchase and gift to the outbreak of the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a>, at which time it was in grave danger of partial or total destruction, but owing to the activities of <a href="/wiki/Antoine-Augustin_Renouard" title="Antoine-Augustin Renouard">Antoine-Augustin Renouard</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Van_Praet" title="Joseph Van Praet">Joseph Van Praet</a> it suffered no injury.<sup id="cite_ref-ea_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ea-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The library's collections swelled to over 300,000 volumes during the radical phase of the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a> when the private libraries of aristocrats and clergy were seized. After the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/French_First_Republic" title="French First Republic">French First Republic</a> in September 1792, "the Assembly declared the <i>Bibliothèque du Roi</i> to be national property and the institution was renamed the <i>Bibliothèque Nationale</i>. After four centuries of control by the Crown, this great library now became the property of the French people."<sup id="cite_ref-priebe_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-priebe-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:France,_Paris,_Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France,_site_Richelieu,_salle_ovale.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/France%2C_Paris%2C_Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France%2C_site_Richelieu%2C_salle_ovale.jpg/290px-France%2C_Paris%2C_Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France%2C_site_Richelieu%2C_salle_ovale.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/France%2C_Paris%2C_Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France%2C_site_Richelieu%2C_salle_ovale.jpg/435px-France%2C_Paris%2C_Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France%2C_site_Richelieu%2C_salle_ovale.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/France%2C_Paris%2C_Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France%2C_site_Richelieu%2C_salle_ovale.jpg/580px-France%2C_Paris%2C_Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France%2C_site_Richelieu%2C_salle_ovale.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4368" data-file-height="2912" /></a><figcaption>Salle ovale before restoration, Richelieu site</figcaption></figure> <p>A new administrative organization was established. <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a> took great interest in the library and among other things issued an order that all books in provincial libraries not possessed by the <i>Bibliothèque Nationale</i> should be forwarded to it, subject to replacement by exchanges of equal value from the duplicate collections, making it possible, as Napoleon said, to find a copy of any book in France in the National Library. Napoleon furthermore increased the collections by spoil from his conquests. A considerable number of these books were restored after his downfall. During the period from 1800 to 1836, the library was virtually under the control of Joseph Van Praet. At his death it contained more than 650,000 printed books and some 80,000 manuscripts.<sup id="cite_ref-ea_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ea-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following a series of regime changes in France, it became the <b>Imperial National Library</b> and in 1868 was moved to newly constructed buildings on the <a href="/wiki/Rue_de_Richelieu" title="Rue de Richelieu">Rue de Richelieu</a> designed by <a href="/wiki/Henri_Labrouste" title="Henri Labrouste">Henri Labrouste</a>. Upon Labrouste's death in 1875 the library was further expanded, including the grand staircase and the Oval Room, by academic architect <a href="/wiki/Jean-Louis_Pascal" title="Jean-Louis Pascal">Jean-Louis Pascal</a>. In 1896, the library was still the largest repository of books in the world, although it has since been surpassed by other libraries for that title.<sup id="cite_ref-world_and_its_people_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-world_and_its_people-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1920, the library's collection had grown to 4,050,000 volumes and 11,000 manuscripts.<sup id="cite_ref-ea_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ea-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2024, the library removed four 19th-century books from its public access, namely two volumes of <i>The Ballads of Ireland</i> published in 1855, a bilingual anthology of Romanian poetry dating from 1856, and book of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Horticultural_Society" title="Royal Horticultural Society">Royal Horticultural Society</a> published between 1862 and 1863, after tests indicated that their covers and bindings were coloured using green pigments containing <a href="/wiki/Arsenic" title="Arsenic">arsenic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Richelieu_site">Richelieu site</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Richelieu site"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Richelieu site occupies a full city block in Paris, surrounded by <a href="/wiki/Rue_de_Richelieu" title="Rue de Richelieu">rue de Richelieu</a> (west), <a href="/wiki/Rue_des_Petits-Champs" title="Rue des Petits-Champs">rue des Petits-Champs</a> (south), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rue_Vivienne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rue Vivienne (page does not exist)">rue Vivienne</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/rue_Vivienne" class="extiw" title="fr:rue Vivienne">fr</a>]</span> (east), and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rue_Colbert_(Paris)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rue Colbert (Paris) (page does not exist)">rue Colbert</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rue_Colbert_(Paris)" class="extiw" title="fr:Rue Colbert (Paris)">fr</a>]</span> (north). There are two entrances, respectively on 58, rue de Richelieu and 5, rue Vivienne. This site was the main location of the library for 275 years, from 1721 to 1996. It now hosts the <a href="/wiki/BnF_Museum" title="BnF Museum">BnF Museum</a> as well as facilities of the BnF, the library of the <a href="/wiki/Institut_National_d%27Histoire_de_l%27Art" title="Institut National d'Histoire de l'Art">Institut National d'Histoire de l'Art</a> (in the <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Saller Labrouste</i></span> since 2016), and the library of the <a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_Nationale_des_Chartes" title="École Nationale des Chartes">École Nationale des Chartes</a>. It was comprehensively renovated in the 2010s and early 2020s on a design by architects <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruno_Gaudin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bruno Gaudin (page does not exist)">Bruno Gaudin</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruno_Gaudin" class="extiw" title="fr:Bruno Gaudin">fr</a>]</span> and Virginie Brégal. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_France_Richelieu_Louvois_Paris_5.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Façade on rue de Richelieu"><img alt="Façade on rue de Richelieu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_France_Richelieu_Louvois_Paris_5.jpg/120px-Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_France_Richelieu_Louvois_Paris_5.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_France_Richelieu_Louvois_Paris_5.jpg/180px-Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_France_Richelieu_Louvois_Paris_5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_France_Richelieu_Louvois_Paris_5.jpg/240px-Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_France_Richelieu_Louvois_Paris_5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Façade on rue de Richelieu</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BnF_Richelieu_-_pr%C3%A9paration_de_la_phase_2_des_travaux_dans_la_cour_d%27honneur.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Main courtyard (Cour d'honneur)"><img alt="Main courtyard (Cour d'honneur)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/BnF_Richelieu_-_pr%C3%A9paration_de_la_phase_2_des_travaux_dans_la_cour_d%27honneur.jpg/120px-BnF_Richelieu_-_pr%C3%A9paration_de_la_phase_2_des_travaux_dans_la_cour_d%27honneur.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/BnF_Richelieu_-_pr%C3%A9paration_de_la_phase_2_des_travaux_dans_la_cour_d%27honneur.jpg/180px-BnF_Richelieu_-_pr%C3%A9paration_de_la_phase_2_des_travaux_dans_la_cour_d%27honneur.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/BnF_Richelieu_-_pr%C3%A9paration_de_la_phase_2_des_travaux_dans_la_cour_d%27honneur.jpg/240px-BnF_Richelieu_-_pr%C3%A9paration_de_la_phase_2_des_travaux_dans_la_cour_d%27honneur.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1552" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Main courtyard (<span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Cour d'honneur</i></span>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Richeliey_Tubeuf.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Courtyard of former Hôtel Tubeuf, on rue des Petits-Champs"><img alt="Courtyard of former Hôtel Tubeuf, on rue des Petits-Champs" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Richeliey_Tubeuf.jpg/120px-Richeliey_Tubeuf.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Richeliey_Tubeuf.jpg/180px-Richeliey_Tubeuf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Richeliey_Tubeuf.jpg/240px-Richeliey_Tubeuf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3023" data-file-height="2487" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Courtyard of former <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Hôtel Tubeuf</i></span>, on rue des Petits-Champs</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Richeliey_garden.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Garden bordering rue Vivienne"><img alt="Garden bordering rue Vivienne" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Richeliey_garden.jpg/120px-Richeliey_garden.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Richeliey_garden.jpg/180px-Richeliey_garden.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Richeliey_garden.jpg/240px-Richeliey_garden.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="2219" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Garden bordering rue Vivienne</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Salle_Labrouste_INHA.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Salle Labrouste"><img alt="Salle Labrouste" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Salle_Labrouste_INHA.jpg/120px-Salle_Labrouste_INHA.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Salle_Labrouste_INHA.jpg/180px-Salle_Labrouste_INHA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Salle_Labrouste_INHA.jpg/240px-Salle_Labrouste_INHA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3072" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Salle Labrouste</i></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:La_salle_ovale_du_site_Richelieu,_Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France,_Paris_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Salle Ovale"><img alt="Salle Ovale" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/La_salle_ovale_du_site_Richelieu%2C_Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France%2C_Paris_2022.jpg/120px-La_salle_ovale_du_site_Richelieu%2C_Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France%2C_Paris_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/La_salle_ovale_du_site_Richelieu%2C_Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France%2C_Paris_2022.jpg/180px-La_salle_ovale_du_site_Richelieu%2C_Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France%2C_Paris_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/La_salle_ovale_du_site_Richelieu%2C_Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France%2C_Paris_2022.jpg/240px-La_salle_ovale_du_site_Richelieu%2C_Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France%2C_Paris_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7952" data-file-height="5605" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Salle Ovale</i></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:La_salle_des_colonnes,_Mus%C3%A9e_de_la_BNF,_site_Richelieu,_Paris_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="BnF Museum, salle des Colonnes"><img alt="BnF Museum, salle des Colonnes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/La_salle_des_colonnes%2C_Mus%C3%A9e_de_la_BNF%2C_site_Richelieu%2C_Paris_2022.jpg/120px-La_salle_des_colonnes%2C_Mus%C3%A9e_de_la_BNF%2C_site_Richelieu%2C_Paris_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/La_salle_des_colonnes%2C_Mus%C3%A9e_de_la_BNF%2C_site_Richelieu%2C_Paris_2022.jpg/180px-La_salle_des_colonnes%2C_Mus%C3%A9e_de_la_BNF%2C_site_Richelieu%2C_Paris_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/La_salle_des_colonnes%2C_Mus%C3%A9e_de_la_BNF%2C_site_Richelieu%2C_Paris_2022.jpg/240px-La_salle_des_colonnes%2C_Mus%C3%A9e_de_la_BNF%2C_site_Richelieu%2C_Paris_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7636" data-file-height="5040" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">BnF Museum, <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">salle des Colonnes</i></span></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="François-Mitterrand_site"><span id="Fran.C3.A7ois-Mitterrand_site"></span>François-Mitterrand site</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: François-Mitterrand site"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paris_13e_BNF_Site_Fran%C3%A7ois-Mitterrand_746.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Paris_13e_BNF_Site_Fran%C3%A7ois-Mitterrand_746.jpg/310px-Paris_13e_BNF_Site_Fran%C3%A7ois-Mitterrand_746.jpg" decoding="async" width="310" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Paris_13e_BNF_Site_Fran%C3%A7ois-Mitterrand_746.jpg/465px-Paris_13e_BNF_Site_Fran%C3%A7ois-Mitterrand_746.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Paris_13e_BNF_Site_Fran%C3%A7ois-Mitterrand_746.jpg/620px-Paris_13e_BNF_Site_Fran%C3%A7ois-Mitterrand_746.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4896" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>View of the <span title="French-language text"><span lang="fr" style="font-style: normal;">Bibliothèque nationale de France</span></span>, François-Mitterrand site</figcaption></figure> <p>On 14 July 1988, <a href="/wiki/President_of_France" title="President of France">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="François Mitterrand">François Mitterrand</a> announced "the construction and the expansion of one of the largest and most modern libraries in the world, intended to cover all fields of knowledge, and designed to be accessible to all, using the most modern data transfer technologies, which could be consulted from a distance, and which would collaborate with other European libraries". Due to initial trade union opposition, a <a href="/wiki/Wireless_network" title="Wireless network">wireless network</a> was fully installed only in August 2016. </p><p>In July 1989, the services of the architectural firm of <a href="/wiki/Dominique_Perrault" title="Dominique Perrault">Dominique Perrault</a> were retained. The design was recognized with the <a href="/wiki/European_Union_Prize_for_Contemporary_Architecture" title="European Union Prize for Contemporary Architecture">European Union Prize for Contemporary Architecture</a> in 1996. The construction was carried out by <a href="/wiki/Bouygues" title="Bouygues">Bouygues</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Construction of the library ran into huge cost overruns and technical difficulties related to its high-rise design, so much so that it was referred to as the "TGB" or "<i>Très Grande Bibliothèque</i>" (<abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">Very Large Library</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>, a sarcastic allusion to the successful <a href="/wiki/TGV" title="TGV">TGV</a> high-speed rail system).<sup id="cite_ref-VisionOutdate_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VisionOutdate-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the move of the major collections from the <a href="/wiki/Rue_de_Richelieu" title="Rue de Richelieu">Rue de Richelieu</a>, the National Library of France was inaugurated on 15 December 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-Ramsay2003_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ramsay2003-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2016<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the BnF contains roughly 14 million books at its four Parisian sites (Bibliothèque François-Mitterrand, Richelieu, <a href="/wiki/Arsenal_(Paris_Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Arsenal (Paris Metro)">Arsenal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ra_(Paris_Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Opéra (Paris Metro)">Opéra</a>) as well as printed documents, manuscripts, prints, photographs, maps and plans, scores, coins, medals, sound documents, video and multimedia documents, and scenery elements.<sup id="cite_ref-BnF_main_page_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BnF_main_page-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The library retains the use of the Rue de Richelieu complex for some of its collections. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plan_de_la_Biblioth%C3%A8que_Fran%C3%A7ois-Mitterrand,_Haut-de-jardin_et_Rez-de-jardin.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Plan_de_la_Biblioth%C3%A8que_Fran%C3%A7ois-Mitterrand%2C_Haut-de-jardin_et_Rez-de-jardin.svg/800px-Plan_de_la_Biblioth%C3%A8que_Fran%C3%A7ois-Mitterrand%2C_Haut-de-jardin_et_Rez-de-jardin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="800" height="629" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Plan_de_la_Biblioth%C3%A8que_Fran%C3%A7ois-Mitterrand%2C_Haut-de-jardin_et_Rez-de-jardin.svg/1200px-Plan_de_la_Biblioth%C3%A8que_Fran%C3%A7ois-Mitterrand%2C_Haut-de-jardin_et_Rez-de-jardin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Plan_de_la_Biblioth%C3%A8que_Fran%C3%A7ois-Mitterrand%2C_Haut-de-jardin_et_Rez-de-jardin.svg/1600px-Plan_de_la_Biblioth%C3%A8que_Fran%C3%A7ois-Mitterrand%2C_Haut-de-jardin_et_Rez-de-jardin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2360" /></a><figcaption>Plan of the Bibliothèque François-Mitterrand</figcaption></figure> <table> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="position: relative; height: 16px; width: 16px; overflow: hidden;"><div style="position:absolute; top: 0; left: 0; font-size: 100px; height: 16px; width: 16px; overflow:hidden; line-height: 100px; z-index: 3;"><a href="/wiki/Paris_M%C3%A9tro" title="Paris Métro">___</a></div><div style="position:absolute; top: 0; left: 0; z-index: 2;"></div></div> </td> <td style="font-size: 100%;">Located near the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Paris_M%C3%A9tro_stations" title="List of Paris Métro stations">Métro station</a>: <i><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliothèque François Mitterrand (Paris Métro)">Bibliothèque François Mitterrand</a></i>. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Manuscript_collection">Manuscript collection</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Manuscript collection"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="Manuscripts"></span> The Manuscripts department houses the largest collection of medieval and modern manuscripts worldwide. The collection includes medieval <a href="/wiki/Chansons_de_geste" class="mw-redirect" title="Chansons de geste">chansons de geste</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chivalric_romance" title="Chivalric romance">chivalric romances</a>, eastern literature, eastern and western religions, ancient history, scientific history, and literary manuscripts by Pascal, Diderot, Apollinaire, Proust, Colette, Sartre, etc. The collection is organised: </p> <ul><li>according to language (<a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>, <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> and other <a href="/wiki/European_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="European languages">European languages</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coptic_language" title="Coptic language">Coptic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Ethiopia" title="Languages of Ethiopia">Ethiopian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hebrew" class="mw-redirect" title="Hebrew">Hebrew</a>, <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>, Near- and Middle-Eastern languages, <a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tibetic_languages" title="Tibetic languages">Tibetan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_India" title="Languages of India">Indian languages</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_language" title="Vietnamese language">Vietnamese</a>, etc.) <ul><li>The library holds about 5,000 Ancient Greek manuscripts, which are divided into three <i>fonds</i>: <i>Ancien fonds grec</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Fonds_Coislin" title="Fonds Coislin">fonds Coislin</a></i>, and <i>Fonds du Supplément grec</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>according to content: learned and bibliophilic, collections of learned materials, Library Archives, genealogical collections, French provinces, Masonic collection, etc.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Digital_library">Digital library<span class="anchor" id="Gallica"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Digital library"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Gallica</b><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the <a href="/wiki/Digital_library" title="Digital library">digital library</a> for online users of the <span title="French-language text"><span lang="fr" style="font-style: normal;">Bibliothèque nationale de France</span></span> and its partners. It was established in October 1997. Today it has more than six million digitized materials of various types: books, magazines, newspapers, photographs, cartoons, drawings, prints, posters, maps, manuscripts, antique coins, scores, theater costumes and sets, audio and video materials. All library materials are freely available. </p><p>On 10 February 2010, a digitized copy of <i><a href="/wiki/Scenes_of_Bohemian_Life" title="Scenes of Bohemian Life">Scenes of Bohemian Life</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Henri_Murger" title="Henri Murger">Henri Murger</a> (1913) became Gallica's millionth document. In February 2019, the five millionth document was a copy of the manuscript "Record of an Unsuccessful Trip to the West Indies" stored in the <a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_Inguimbertine" title="Bibliothèque Inguimbertine">Bibliothèque Inguimbertine</a> and on 30 March 2023 the ten millionth document was added.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2024<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, Gallica had made available online approximately 10 million documents : </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li>864,428 books</li> <li>186,495 manuscripts</li> <li>5,804,801 newspapers and magazines issues</li> <li>1,792,736 images</li> <li>196,486 maps</li> <li>64,967 music scores</li> <li>52,004 audio recordings</li> <li>519,877 objects</li> <li>5,585 video recordings</li></ul> </div> <p>Most of Gallica's collections of texts have been converted into text format using <a href="/wiki/Optical_character_recognition" title="Optical character recognition">optical character recognition</a> (OCR-processing), which allows full-text search in the library materials. </p><p>Each document has a digital identifier, the so-called ARK (<a href="/wiki/Archival_Resource_Key" title="Archival Resource Key">Archival Resource Key</a>) of the National Library of France and is accompanied by a bibliographic description. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_directors">List of directors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: List of directors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1369–1792"><span id="1369.E2.80.931792"></span>1369–1792</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1369–1792"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li>1369–1411: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gilles_Mallet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gilles Mallet (page does not exist)">Gilles Mallet</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilles_Mallet_(biblioth%C3%A9caire)" class="extiw" title="fr:Gilles Mallet (bibliothécaire)">fr</a>]</span> <sup>(<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste_des_dirigeants_de_la_Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" class="extiw" title="fr:Liste des dirigeants de la Bibliothèque nationale de France">fr</a>)</sup></li> <li>1522–1540: <a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Bud%C3%A9" title="Guillaume Budé">Guillaume Budé</a></li> <li>1540–1552: <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Duch%C3%A2tel" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierre Duchâtel">Pierre Duchâtel</a></li> <li>1552–1567: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_de_Montdor%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre de Montdoré (page does not exist)">Pierre de Montdoré</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_de_Montdor%C3%A9" class="extiw" title="fr:Pierre de Montdoré">fr</a>]</span></li> <li>1567–1593: <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Amyot" title="Jacques Amyot">Jacques Amyot</a></li> <li>1593–1617: <a href="/wiki/Jacques-Auguste_de_Thou" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacques-Auguste de Thou">Jacques-Auguste de Thou</a></li> <li>1617–1642: <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Auguste_de_Thou" title="François Auguste de Thou">François Auguste de Thou</a></li> <li>1642–1656: <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bignon" title="Jérôme Bignon">Jérôme Bignon</a></li> <li>1656–1684: <a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_II_Bignon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jérôme II Bignon (page does not exist)">Jérôme II Bignon</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_II_Bignon" class="extiw" title="fr:Jérôme II Bignon">fr</a>]</span></li> <li>1560–1604: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Gosselin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Gosselin (page does not exist)">Jean Gosselin</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Gosselin_(biblioth%C3%A9caire)" class="extiw" title="fr:Jean Gosselin (bibliothécaire)">fr</a>]</span></li> <li>1604–1614: <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Casaubon" title="Isaac Casaubon">Isaac Casaubon</a></li> <li>1614–1645: <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Rigault" title="Nicolas Rigault">Nicolas Rigault</a></li> <li>1645–1651: <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Dupuy_(scholar)" title="Pierre Dupuy (scholar)">Pierre Dupuy</a></li> <li>1651–1656: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacques_Dupuy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacques Dupuy (page does not exist)">Jacques Dupuy</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Dupuy" class="extiw" title="fr:Jacques Dupuy">fr</a>]</span></li> <li>1656–1676: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_Colbert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicolas Colbert (page does not exist)">Nicolas Colbert</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas_Colbert" class="extiw" title="fr:Nicolas Colbert">fr</a>]</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pierre_de_Carcavi" title="Pierre de Carcavi">Pierre de Carcavi</a> (1663-1683)</li> <li>1676–1684: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Colbert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis Colbert (page does not exist)">Louis Colbert</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Colbert" class="extiw" title="fr:Louis Colbert">fr</a>]</span>; <a href="/wiki/Melchis%C3%A9dech_Th%C3%A9venot" title="Melchisédech Thévenot">Melchisédech Thévenot</a> (1684-1691)</li> <li>1684–1718: <a href="/wiki/Camille_Le_Tellier_de_Louvois" class="mw-redirect" title="Camille Le Tellier de Louvois">Camille Le Tellier de Louvois</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_Cl%C3%A9ment_(librarian)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicolas Clément (librarian) (page does not exist)">Nicolas Clément</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas_Cl%C3%A9ment_(biblioth%C3%A9caire)" class="extiw" title="fr:Nicolas Clément (bibliothécaire)">fr</a>]</span> (1691-1712)</li> <li>1719–1741: <a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Bignon" title="Jean-Paul Bignon">Jean-Paul Bignon</a></li> <li>1741–1743: <a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bignon_de_Blanzy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jérôme Bignon de Blanzy (page does not exist)">Jérôme Bignon de Blanzy</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bignon_de_Blanzy" class="extiw" title="fr:Jérôme Bignon de Blanzy">fr</a>]</span></li> <li>1743–1772: <a href="/wiki/Armand-J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bignon" title="Armand-Jérôme Bignon">Armand-Jérôme Bignon</a></li> <li>1770–1784: <a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me-Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Bignon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jérôme-Frédéric Bignon (page does not exist)">Jérôme-Frédéric Bignon</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me-Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Bignon" class="extiw" title="fr:Jérôme-Frédéric Bignon">fr</a>]</span>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C3%A9goire_Desaunays&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grégoire Desaunays (page does not exist)">Grégoire Desaunays</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A9goire_Desaunays" class="extiw" title="fr:Grégoire Desaunays">fr</a>]</span> (from 1775 to 1793)</li> <li>1784–1789: <a href="/wiki/Jean-Charles-Pierre_Lenoir" title="Jean-Charles-Pierre Lenoir">Jean-Charles-Pierre Le Noir</a> (démission)</li> <li>1789–1792: <a href="/wiki/Louis_Le_F%C3%A8vre_d%27Ormesson_de_Noyseau" title="Louis Le Fèvre d'Ormesson de Noyseau">Louis Le Fèvre d'Ormesson de Noyseau</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1792–present"><span id="1792.E2.80.93present"></span>1792–present</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 1792–present"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li>1792–1793: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Louis_Carra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Louis Carra (page does not exist)">Jean-Louis Carra</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Louis_Carra" class="extiw" title="fr:Jean-Louis Carra">fr</a>]</span> and <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9bastien-Roch_Nicolas_de_Chamfort" class="mw-redirect" title="Sébastien-Roch Nicolas de Chamfort">Sébastien-Roch Nicolas de Chamfort</a> <sup>(<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste_des_dirigeants_de_la_Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" class="extiw" title="fr:Liste des dirigeants de la Bibliothèque nationale de France">fr</a>)</sup></li> <li>1793: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Baptiste_C%C5%93uilhe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Baptiste Cœuilhe (page does not exist)">Jean-Baptiste Cœuilhe</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_C%C5%93uilhe" class="extiw" title="fr:Jean-Baptiste Cœuilhe">fr</a>]</span> (interim)</li> <li>1793–1795: <a href="/wiki/Jean_Baptiste_Lefebvre_de_Villebrune" title="Jean Baptiste Lefebvre de Villebrune">Jean Baptiste Lefebvre de Villebrune</a></li> <li>1795–1796: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9_Barth%C3%A9lemy_de_Courcay&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="André Barthélemy de Courcay (page does not exist)">André Barthélemy de Courcay</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Barth%C3%A9lemy_de_Courcay" class="extiw" title="fr:André Barthélemy de Courcay">fr</a>]</span></li> <li>1796–1798: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Augustin_Capperonnier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Augustin Capperonnier (page does not exist)">Jean-Augustin Capperonnier</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Augustin_Capperonnier" class="extiw" title="fr:Jean-Augustin Capperonnier">fr</a>]</span></li> <li>1798–1799: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adrien-Jacques_Joly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adrien-Jacques Joly (page does not exist)">Adrien-Jacques Joly</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrien-Jacques_Joly" class="extiw" title="fr:Adrien-Jacques Joly">fr</a>]</span></li> <li>1799–1800: <a href="/wiki/Aubin-Louis_Millin_de_Grandmaison" title="Aubin-Louis Millin de Grandmaison">Aubin-Louis Millin de Grandmaison</a></li> <li>1800–1803: Jean-Augustin Capperonnier</li> <li>1803–1806: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pascal-Fran%C3%A7ois-Joseph_Gossellin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pascal-François-Joseph Gossellin (page does not exist)">Pascal-François-Joseph Gossellin</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal-Fran%C3%A7ois-Joseph_Gossellin" class="extiw" title="fr:Pascal-François-Joseph Gossellin">fr</a>]</span></li> <li>1806–1829: <a href="/wiki/Bon-Joseph_Dacier" title="Bon-Joseph Dacier">Bon-Joseph Dacier</a></li> <li>1830–1831: <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Van_Praet" title="Joseph Van Praet">Joseph Van Praet</a></li> <li>1832: Joseph Van Praet</li> <li>1832: <a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Abel-R%C3%A9musat" title="Jean-Pierre Abel-Rémusat">Jean-Pierre Abel-Rémusat</a></li> <li>1832–1837: <a href="/wiki/Jean-Antoine_Letronne" title="Jean-Antoine Letronne">Jean-Antoine Letronne</a></li> <li>1838–1839: <a href="/wiki/Edm%C3%A9_Fran%C3%A7ois_Jomard" class="mw-redirect" title="Edmé François Jomard">Edmé François Jomard</a></li> <li>1839: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Dunoyer" title="Charles Dunoyer">Charles Dunoyer</a></li> <li>1839–1840: Antoine Jean Letronne</li> <li>1840–1858: <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Naudet" title="Joseph Naudet">Joseph Naudet</a></li> <li>1858–1874: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jules-Antoine_Taschereau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jules-Antoine Taschereau (page does not exist)">Jules-Antoine Taschereau</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jules-Antoine_Taschereau" class="extiw" title="fr:Jules-Antoine Taschereau">fr</a>]</span>; the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Commune" title="Paris Commune">Paris Commune</a> appointed <a href="/wiki/%C3%89lie_Reclus" title="Élie Reclus">Élie Reclus</a> (29 April to 24 May 1871)</li> <li>1874–1905: <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9opold_Delisle" class="mw-redirect" title="Léopold Delisle">Léopold Delisle</a></li> <li>1905–1913: <a href="/wiki/Henry_Marcel" title="Henry Marcel">Henry Marcel</a></li> <li>1913–1923: <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9ophile_Homolle" title="Théophile Homolle">Théophile Homolle</a></li> <li>1923–1930: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre-Ren%C3%A9_Roland-Marcel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre-René Roland-Marcel (page does not exist)">Pierre-René Roland-Marcel</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre-Ren%C3%A9_Roland-Marcel" class="extiw" title="fr:Pierre-René Roland-Marcel">fr</a>]</span></li> <li>1930–1940: <a href="/wiki/Julien_Cain" title="Julien Cain">Julien Cain</a></li> <li>1940–1944: <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Fa%C3%BF" title="Bernard Faÿ">Bernard Faÿ</a></li> <li>1944–1945: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Laran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Laran (page does not exist)">Jean Laran</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Laran" class="extiw" title="fr:Jean Laran">fr</a>]</span> (interim)</li> <li>1945–1964: <a href="/wiki/Julien_Cain" title="Julien Cain">Julien Cain</a></li> <li>1964–1975: <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Dennery" title="Étienne Dennery">Étienne Dennery</a></li> <li>1975–1981: <a href="/wiki/Georges_Le_Rider" title="Georges Le Rider">Georges Le Rider</a></li> <li>1981–1984: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alain_Gourdon_(writer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alain Gourdon (writer) (page does not exist)">Alain Gourdon</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alain_Gourdon_(%C3%A9crivain)" class="extiw" title="fr:Alain Gourdon (écrivain)">fr</a>]</span></li> <li>1984–1987: <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Miquel" title="André Miquel">André Miquel</a></li> <li>1987–1993: <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Le_Roy_Ladurie" title="Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie">Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie</a></li> <li>1989–1994: <a href="/wiki/Dominique_Jamet" title="Dominique Jamet">Dominique Jamet</a></li> <li>1994–1997: <a href="/wiki/Jean_Favier" title="Jean Favier">Jean Favier</a></li> <li>1997–2002: <a href="/wiki/Pierre-Jean_R%C3%A9my" title="Pierre-Jean Rémy">Jean-Pierre Angremy</a></li> <li>2002–2007: <a href="/wiki/Jean-No%C3%ABl_Jeanneney" title="Jean-Noël Jeanneney">Jean-Noël Jeanneney</a></li> <li>2007–2016: <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Racine" title="Bruno Racine">Bruno Racine</a></li> <li>2016–present: <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Engel" title="Laurence Engel">Laurence Engel</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_patrons">Notable patrons</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notable patrons"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Raoul_Rigault" title="Raoul Rigault">Raoul Rigault</a>, leader during the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Commune" title="Paris Commune">Paris Commune</a> in 1871, was known for habitually occupying the library and reading endless copies of the newspaper <i><a href="/wiki/Le_P%C3%A8re_Duchesne" title="Le Père Duchesne">Le Père Duchesne</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Alain_Resnais" title="Alain Resnais">Alain Resnais</a> directed <i><a href="/wiki/Toute_la_m%C3%A9moire_du_monde" title="Toute la mémoire du monde">Toute la mémoire du monde</a></i> (<abbr title="translation">transl.</abbr><span> All the Memory in the World</span>), a 1956 short film about the library and its collections. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enfer" class="mw-redirect" title="Enfer">Enfer</a>, a department within the BnF</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_deposit" title="Legal deposit">Legal deposit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Books_in_France" title="Books in France">Books in France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BnF,_M%C3%A9langes_de_Colbert_60" title="BnF, Mélanges de Colbert 60">BnF, Mélanges de Colbert 60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_de_l%27Arsenal" title="Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal">Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que-Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27Op%C3%A9ra_National_de_Paris" title="Bibliothèque-Musée de l'Opéra National de Paris">Bibliothèque-Musée de l'Opéra National de Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_electronic_library" class="mw-redirect" title="National electronic library">National electronic library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dossiers_Secrets_d%27Henri_Lobineau" title="Dossiers Secrets d'Henri Lobineau">Dossiers Secrets d'Henri Lobineau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Blinkenlights" title="Project Blinkenlights">Project Blinkenlights</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jack A. Clarke. "French Libraries in Transition, 1789–95." <i>The Library Quarterly</i>, Vol. 37, No. 4 (Oct., 1967)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chiffres-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-chiffres_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chiffres_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230911170400/https://www.bnf.fr/fr/la-bnf-en-chiffres">"La BnF en chiffres"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bnf.fr/fr/la-bnf-en-chiffres">the original</a> on 2023-09-11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=La+BnF+en+chiffres&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bnf.fr%2Ffr%2Fla-bnf-en-chiffres&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioth%C3%A8que+nationale+de+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-priebe-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-priebe_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-priebe_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPriebe1982" class="citation journal cs1">Priebe, Paul M. (1982). "From Bibliothèque du Roi to Bibliothèque Nationale: The Creation of a State Library, 1789–1793". <i>The Journal of Library History</i>. <b>17</b> (4): 389–408. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/25541320">25541320</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Library+History&rft.atitle=From+Biblioth%C3%A8que+du+Roi+to+Biblioth%C3%A8que+Nationale%3A+The+Creation+of+a+State+Library%2C+1789%E2%80%931793&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=389-408&rft.date=1982&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F25541320%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Priebe&rft.aufirst=Paul+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioth%C3%A8que+nationale+de+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ea-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ea_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ea_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ea_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ea_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ea_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ea_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ea_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRines1920" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/National Library of France"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_Americana_(1920)/National_Library_of_France">"National Library of France" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_Americana" title="Encyclopedia Americana">Encyclopedia Americana</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=National+Library+of+France&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+Americana&rft.date=1920&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioth%C3%A8que+nationale+de+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLombard-Jourdan1981" class="citation journal cs1">Lombard-Jourdan, Anne (July–December 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/42958451">"A PROPOS DE RAOUL DE PRESLES DOCUMENTS SUR L'HOMME"</a>. <i>Bibliothèque de l'École des chartes</i>. <b>139</b> (2): 191–207.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biblioth%C3%A8que+de+l%27%C3%89cole+des+chartes&rft.atitle=A+PROPOS+DE+RAOUL+DE+PRESLES+DOCUMENTS+SUR+L%27HOMME&rft.volume=139&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=191-207&rft.date=1981-07%2F1981-12&rft.aulast=Lombard-Jourdan&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F42958451&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioth%C3%A8que+nationale+de+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-staikos2012-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-staikos2012_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKonstantinos_Staikos2012" class="citation cs2">Konstantinos Staikos (2012), <i>History of the Library in Western Civilization: From Petrarch to Michelangelo</i>, New Castle, DE: Oak Knoll Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58456-182-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58456-182-8"><bdi>978-1-58456-182-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Library+in+Western+Civilization%3A+From+Petrarch+to+Michelangelo&rft.place=New+Castle%2C+DE&rft.pub=Oak+Knoll+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-58456-182-8&rft.au=Konstantinos+Staikos&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioth%C3%A8que+nationale+de+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-world_and_its_people-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-world_and_its_people_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunton1896" class="citation book cs1">Dunton, Larkin (1896). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldanditspeop05duntgoog"><i>The World and Its People</i></a>. Silver, Burdett. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldanditspeop05duntgoog/page/n46">38</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World+and+Its+People&rft.pages=38&rft.pub=Silver%2C+Burdett&rft.date=1896&rft.aulast=Dunton&rft.aufirst=Larkin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fworldanditspeop05duntgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioth%C3%A8que+nationale+de+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240425-french-national-library-quarantines-poisonous-books">"French national library quarantines 'poisonous' books"</a>. <i>France 24</i>. 25 April 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=France+24&rft.atitle=French+national+library+quarantines+%27poisonous%27+books&rft.date=2024-04-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.france24.com%2Fen%2Flive-news%2F20240425-french-national-library-quarantines-poisonous-books&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioth%C3%A8que+nationale+de+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061127030424/http://www.bouygues.com/us/groupe/fiches/pop_bibliotheque_france.html">"Bouygues website: Bibliothèque nationale de France"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bouygues.com/us/groupe/fiches/pop_bibliotheque_france.html">the original</a> on November 27, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bouygues+website%3A+Biblioth%C3%A8que+nationale+de+France&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bouygues.com%2Fus%2Fgroupe%2Ffiches%2Fpop_bibliotheque_france.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioth%C3%A8que+nationale+de+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-VisionOutdate-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-VisionOutdate_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFitchett1995" class="citation news cs1">Fitchett, Joseph (30 March 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1995/03/30/style/30iht-ftgb_0.html">"New Paris Library: Visionary or Outdated?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+Paris+Library%3A+Visionary+or+Outdated%3F&rft.date=1995-03-30&rft.aulast=Fitchett&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1995%2F03%2F30%2Fstyle%2F30iht-ftgb_0.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioth%C3%A8que+nationale+de+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ramsay2003-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ramsay2003_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamsay2003" class="citation book cs1">Ramsay, Raylene L. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nB25ForsR80C&pg=PR17"><i>French women in politics: writing power, paternal legitimization, and maternal legacies</i></a>. Berghahn Books. p. 17. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57181-082-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57181-082-3"><bdi>978-1-57181-082-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=French+women+in+politics%3A+writing+power%2C+paternal+legitimization%2C+and+maternal+legacies&rft.pages=17&rft.pub=Berghahn+Books&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-1-57181-082-3&rft.aulast=Ramsay&rft.aufirst=Raylene+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnB25ForsR80C%26pg%3DPR17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioth%C3%A8que+nationale+de+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BnF_main_page-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BnF_main_page_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160125112042/http://www.bnf.fr/en/tools/a.welcome_to_the_bnf.html">"Welcome to the BnF"</a>. <i>BnF (Bibliothèque nationale de France)</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bnf.fr/en/tools/a.welcome_to_the_bnf.html">the original</a> on 25 January 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BnF+%28Biblioth%C3%A8que+nationale+de+France%29&rft.atitle=Welcome+to+the+BnF&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bnf.fr%2Fen%2Ftools%2Fa.welcome_to_the_bnf.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioth%C3%A8que+nationale+de+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See the Tome III-1 link: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://editions.bnf.fr/catalogue-des-manuscrits-grecs-iii-1-supplément-grec-n°-1-à-150">http://editions.bnf.fr/catalogue-des-manuscrits-grecs-iii-1-supplément-grec-n°-1-à-150</a>. The Tome III-2 is not listed on the site. The Tome III-3 link: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://editions.bnf.fr/catalogue-des-manuscrits-grecs-iii-3-supplément-grec-n°-901-1371">http://editions.bnf.fr/catalogue-des-manuscrits-grecs-iii-3-supplément-grec-n°-901-1371</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Website link is <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://gallica.bnf.fr/accueil/en/content/accueil-en">https://gallica.bnf.fr/accueil/en/content/accueil-en</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gallica.bnf.fr/blog/30032023/10-millions-de-documents-et-25-ans-dexistence?mode=desktop">"10 millions de documents et 25 ans d'existence, Le Blog Gallica, 30 March 2023"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-07-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=10+millions+de+documents+et+25+ans+d%27existence%2C+Le+Blog+Gallica%2C+30+March+2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgallica.bnf.fr%2Fblog%2F30032023%2F10-millions-de-documents-et-25-ans-dexistence%3Fmode%3Ddesktop&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioth%C3%A8que+nationale+de+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHorne1965" class="citation book cs1">Horne, Alistair (1965). <i>The Fall of Paris: The Siege and the Commune 1870-1</i>. St. Martin's Press, New York. pp. 29–30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Fall+of+Paris%3A+The+Siege+and+the+Commune+1870-1&rft.pages=29-30&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Press%2C+New+York&rft.date=1965&rft.aulast=Horne&rft.aufirst=Alistair&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioth%C3%A8que+nationale+de+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Bibliothèque nationale (France), <i>Département de la Phonothèque nationale et de l'Audiovisuel</i>. The National [Sound] Record[ings] and Audiovisual Department of the National Library [of France]. [Paris]: Bibliothèque nationale, [1986]. 9 p.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_H._Stam2001" class="citation book cs1">David H. Stam, ed. (2001). <i>International Dictionary of Library Histories</i>. Fitzroy Dearborn. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57958-244-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-57958-244-3"><bdi>1-57958-244-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=International+Dictionary+of+Library+Histories&rft.pub=Fitzroy+Dearborn&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1-57958-244-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioth%C3%A8que+nationale+de+France" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Riding, Alan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/04/11/technology/11google.html">"France Detects a Cultural Threat in Google,"</a> <i>The New York Times.</i> April 11, 2005.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output 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typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Bibliothèque nationale de France">Bibliothèque nationale de France</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/60px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/80px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a> has the property: <ul><li><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/4px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="4" height="4" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/6px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="460" /></span></span> <b><i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property_talk:P268" class="extiw" title="d:Property talk:P268">Bibliothèque nationale de France ID (P268)</a></i></b> (see <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://query.wikidata.org/embed.html#SELECT%20%3FWikidata_item_%20%3FWikidata_item_Label%20%3Fvalue%20%3FvalueLabel%20%3FEnglish_Wikipedia_article%20%23Show%20data%20in%20this%20order%0A%7B%0A%09%3FWikidata_item_%20wdt%3AP268%20%3Fvalue%20.%20%23Collecting%20all%20items%20which%20have%20P268%20data%2C%20from%20whole%20Wikidata%20item%20pages%0A%09OPTIONAL%20%7B%3FEnglish_Wikipedia_article%20schema%3Aabout%20%3FWikidata_item_%3B%20schema%3AisPartOf%20%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2F%3E%20.%7D%20%23If%20collected%20item%20has%20link%20to%20English%20Wikipedia%2C%20show%20that%0A%09SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22en%22%20%20%7D%20%23Show%20label%20in%20this%20language.%20%22en%22%20is%20English.%20%20%20%0A%7D%0ALIMIT%201000">uses</a></span>)</li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/National_library" title="National library">National libraries</a> of Europe</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Albania" title="National Library of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andorra_National_Library" title="Andorra National Library">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Armenia" title="National Library of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_National_Library" title="Austrian National Library">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Azerbaijan" title="National Library of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Belarus" title="National Library of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Library_of_Belgium" title="Royal Library of Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_and_University_Library_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="National and University Library of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS._Cyril_and_Methodius_National_Library" title="SS. Cyril and Methodius National Library">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_and_University_Library_in_Zagreb" title="National and University Library in Zagreb">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus_Library" title="Cyprus Library">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="National Library of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Library,_Denmark" title="Royal Library, Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Estonia" title="National Library of Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Finland" title="National Library of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Parliamentary_Library_of_Georgia" title="National Parliamentary Library of Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_National_Library" title="German National Library">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Greece" title="National Library of Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Sz%C3%A9ch%C3%A9nyi_Library" title="National Széchényi Library">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_and_University_Library_of_Iceland" title="National and University Library of Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Ireland" title="National Library of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Libraries_of_Italy" title="National Libraries of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Kazakhstan" title="National Library of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Latvia" title="National Library of Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein_State_Library" title="Liechtenstein State Library">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martynas_Ma%C5%BEvydas_National_Library_of_Lithuania" title="Martynas Mažvydas National Library of Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Luxembourg" title="National Library of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Malta" title="National Library of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Moldova" title="National Library of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Notari_Library" title="Louis Notari Library">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Montenegro" title="National Library of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Library_of_the_Netherlands" title="Royal Library of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_and_University_Library_%22St._Kliment_of_Ohrid%22" title="National and University Library "St. Kliment of Ohrid"">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Norway" title="National Library of Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Poland" title="National Library of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Portugal" title="Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Romania" title="National Library of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Russia" title="National Library of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Library_of_San_Marino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Library of San Marino (page does not exist)">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Serbia" title="National Library of Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_National_Library" title="Slovak National Library">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_and_University_Library_of_Slovenia" title="National and University Library of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Sweden" title="National Library of Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_National_Library" title="Swiss National Library">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Turkey" title="National Library of Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vernadsky_National_Library_of_Ukraine" title="Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Library" title="British Library">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Linen_Hall_Library" title="Linen Hall Library">Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Scotland" title="National Library of Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Wales" title="National Library of Wales">Wales</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Library" title="Vatican Library">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited<br />recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Library_of_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Library of Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Kosovo" title="National Library of Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="National Library of Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Library_of_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Library of South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Library_of_Transnistria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Library of Transnistria (page does not exist)">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and<br />other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Library_of_%C3%85land&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Library of Åland (page does not exist)">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Faroe_Islands" title="National Library of the Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Library_of_Gibraltar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Library of Gibraltar (page does not exist)">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Library_of_Guernsey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Library of Guernsey (page does not exist)">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manx_National_Heritage" title="Manx National Heritage">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Library_of_Jersey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Library of Jersey (page does not exist)">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Library_of_Svalbard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Library of Svalbard (page does not exist)">Svalbard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Library" title="European Library">European Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Établissement_public_à_caractère_administratif" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%C3%89tablissement_public_%C3%A0_caract%C3%A8re_administratif" title="Template:Établissement public à caractère administratif"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%C3%89tablissement_public_%C3%A0_caract%C3%A8re_administratif" title="Template talk:Établissement public à caractère administratif"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:%C3%89tablissement_public_%C3%A0_caract%C3%A8re_administratif" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Établissement public à caractère administratif"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Établissement_public_à_caractère_administratif" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tablissement_public_%C3%A0_caract%C3%A8re_administratif" title="Établissement public à caractère administratif">Établissement public à caractère administratif</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Armed_Forces_(France)" title="Ministry of Armed Forces (France)">Ministry of Armed Forces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Institut_Sup%C3%A9rieur_de_l%27A%C3%A9ronautique_et_de_l%27Espace" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace">Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ENSTA_ParisTech" class="mw-redirect" title="ENSTA ParisTech">ENSTA ParisTech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_sup%C3%A9rieure_de_techniques_avanc%C3%A9es_Bretagne" title="École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées Bretagne">École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées Bretagne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_Polytechnique" class="mw-redirect" title="École Polytechnique">École Polytechnique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Hydrographic_and_Oceanographic_Service" title="Naval Hydrographic and Oceanographic Service">Naval Hydrographic and Oceanographic Service</a></li> <li>Établissement de communication et de production audiovisuelle de la Défense</li> <li>Établissement public d'insertion de la défense</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27Arm%C3%A9e" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée de l'Armée">Musée de l'Armée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_de_la_Marine" title="Musée national de la Marine">Musée national de la Marine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27Air" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée de l'Air">Musée de l'Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_de_Marine" title="Académie de Marine">Académie de Marine</a></li> <li>Etablissement public national des fonds de prévoyance militaire et de l'aéronautique</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Office_for_Veterans_and_Victims_of_War" title="National Office for Veterans and Victims of War">National Office for Veterans and Victims of War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_the_Interior_(France)" title="Minister of the Interior (France)">Ministry of the Interior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Right_of_asylum" title="Right of asylum">Right of Asylum in France</a></li> <li>Conseil national des activités privées de sécurité</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Labour,_Employment_and_Economic_Inclusion_(France)" title="Minister of Labour, Employment and Economic Inclusion (France)">Ministry of Labour, Employment<br />and Economic Inclusion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Agence Nationale pour l'Amélioration des Conditions de Travail</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Economy_and_Finance_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Economy and Finance (France)">Ministry of Economy and Finance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mines_ParisTech" class="mw-redirect" title="Mines ParisTech">Mines ParisTech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_Nationale_Sup%C3%A9rieure_des_Mines_de_Saint-%C3%89tienne" class="mw-redirect" title="École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Étienne">École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Étienne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_des_Mines_de_Douai" title="École des Mines de Douai">École des Mines de Douai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_des_mines_d%27Al%C3%A8s" title="École des mines d'Alès">École des mines d'Alès</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_des_mines_de_Nantes" class="mw-redirect" title="École des mines de Nantes">École des mines de Nantes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_des_mines_d%27Albi-Carmaux" title="École des mines d'Albi-Carmaux">École des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Higher_Education,_Research_and_Innovation_(France)" title="Minister of Higher Education, Research and Innovation (France)">Ministry of Higher Education,<br />Research and Innovation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Groupe Concours Polytechniques</li> <li>3 of the 4 <a href="/wiki/Groupe_des_%C3%A9coles_nationales_d%E2%80%99ing%C3%A9nieurs" class="mw-redirect" title="Groupe des écoles nationales d’ingénieurs">Groupe des écoles nationales d’ingénieurs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_d%27ing%C3%A9nieurs_de_Brest" title="École nationale d'ingénieurs de Brest">École nationale d'ingénieurs de Brest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_d%27ing%C3%A9nieurs_de_Metz" title="École nationale d'ingénieurs de Metz">École nationale d'ingénieurs de Metz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_d%27ing%C3%A9nieurs_de_Tarbes" title="École nationale d'ingénieurs de Tarbes">École nationale d'ingénieurs de Tarbes</a></li></ul></li> <li>7 of the 9 <a href="/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut d'études politiques">Institut d'études politiques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_Nationale_Sup%C3%A9rieure_de_l%27%C3%89lectronique_et_de_ses_Applications" class="mw-redirect" title="École Nationale Supérieure de l'Électronique et de ses Applications">École Nationale Supérieure de l'Électronique et de ses Applications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_sup%C3%A9rieure_d%27informatique_pour_l%27industrie_et_l%27entreprise" title="École nationale supérieure d'informatique pour l'industrie et l'entreprise">École nationale supérieure d'informatique pour l'industrie et l'entreprise</a></li> <li>École nationale supérieure de la nature et du paysage</li> <li>École nationale supérieure des arts et techniques du théâtre</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_sup%C3%A9rieure_Louis-Lumi%C3%A8re" title="École nationale supérieure Louis-Lumière">École nationale supérieure Louis-Lumière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%B4te_d%27Azur_Observatory" title="Côte d'Azur Observatory">Côte d'Azur Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Champollion_University_Center_for_Teaching_and_Research" title="Jean-François Champollion University Center for Teaching and Research">Jean-François Champollion University Center for Teaching and Research</a></li> <li>Institut national supérieur de formation et de recherche pour l'éducation des jeunes handicapés et les enseignements adaptés</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Computer_Center_for_Higher_Education_(France)" title="National Computer Center for Higher Education (France)">National Computer Center for Higher Education</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_National_Education_(France)" title="Ministry of National Education (France)">Ministry of National Education,<br />Youth and Sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Centre international d'études pédagogiques</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Centre_for_Distance_Education" title="National Centre for Distance Education">National Centre for Distance Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ward_of_the_Nation" title="Ward of the Nation">Ward of the Nation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Agriculture_(France)" title="Ministry of Agriculture (France)">Ministry of Agriculture and Food</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Établissement national des produits de l'agriculture et de la mer</li> <li>Agence de services et de paiement</li> <li>Institut français du cheval et de l'équitation</li> <li>Inventaire Forestier National</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Ecological_Transition_(France)" title="Ministry of Ecological Transition (France)">Ministry of Ecological Transition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Agence nationale de l'habitat</li> <li>Agence de l'eau</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_des_Ponts_ParisTech" class="mw-redirect" title="École des Ponts ParisTech">École des Ponts ParisTech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_de_l%27aviation_civile" title="École nationale de l'aviation civile">École nationale de l'aviation civile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_G%C3%A9ographique_National" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut Géographique National">Institut Géographique National</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9t%C3%A9o-France" title="Météo-France">Météo-France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Office_for_Biodiversity" title="French Office for Biodiversity">French Office for Biodiversity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_for_Europe_and_Foreign_Affairs_(France)" title="Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs (France)">Ministry of Europe and<br />Foreign Affairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agency_for_French_Teaching_Abroad" class="mw-redirect" title="Agency for French Teaching Abroad">Agency for French Teaching Abroad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Culture_(France)" title="Ministry of Culture (France)">Ministry of Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bibliothèque nationale de France</a></li> <li>Bibliothèque publique d'information</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_des_monuments_nationaux" title="Centre des monuments nationaux">Centre des monuments nationaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_Georges_Pompidou" class="mw-redirect" title="Centre Georges Pompidou">Centre Georges Pompidou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_national_des_arts_plastiques" title="Centre national des arts plastiques">Centre national des arts plastiques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Center_of_Cinematography_and_the_moving_image" class="mw-redirect" title="National Center of Cinematography and the moving image">National Center of Cinematography and the moving image</a></li> <li>Centre national du livre</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cit%C3%A9_nationale_de_l%27histoire_de_l%27immigration" title="Cité nationale de l'histoire de l'immigration">Cité nationale de l'histoire de l'immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservatoire_national_sup%C3%A9rieur_d%27art_dramatique" title="Conservatoire national supérieur d'art dramatique">CNSAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservatoire_de_Paris" title="Conservatoire de Paris">Conservatoire de Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservatoire_national_sup%C3%A9rieur_de_musique_et_de_danse_de_Lyon" title="Conservatoire national supérieur de musique et de danse de Lyon">Conservatoire national supérieur de musique et de danse de Lyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_du_Louvre" title="École du Louvre">École du Louvre</a></li> <li>Écoles nationales supérieure d'architecture</li> <li>École nationale supérieure d'arts de Cergy-Pontoise</li> <li>École nationale supérieure de la photographie</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_sup%C3%A9rieure_des_arts_d%C3%A9coratifs" title="École nationale supérieure des arts décoratifs">École nationale supérieure des arts décoratifs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_sup%C3%A9rieure_des_Beaux-Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts">École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts</a></li> <li>Établissement public des musées <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Orsay" title="Musée d'Orsay">d'Orsay</a> et <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27Orangerie" title="Musée de l'Orangerie">de l'Orangerie</a> - Valéry Giscard d'Estaing</li> <li>Opérateur du patrimoine et des projets immobiliers de la culture</li> <li>Institut national du patrimoine</li> <li>Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Fontainebleau" title="Palace of Fontainebleau">Palace of Fontainebleau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guimet_Museum" title="Guimet Museum">Guimet Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_Jean-Jacques_Henner" title="Musée national Jean-Jacques Henner">Musée national Jean-Jacques Henner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A8vres_%E2%80%93_Cit%C3%A9_de_la_c%C3%A9ramique" title="Sèvres – Cité de la céramique">Sèvres – Cité de la céramique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée du Louvre">Musée du Louvre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_Gustave_Moreau" title="Musée national Gustave Moreau">Musée national Gustave Moreau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Picasso" title="Musée Picasso">Musée Picasso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Rodin" title="Musée Rodin">Musée Rodin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Establishment_of_the_Palace,_Museum_and_National_Estate_of_Versailles" title="Public Establishment of the Palace, Museum and National Estate of Versailles">Public Establishment of the Palace, Museum and National Estate of Versailles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Health_(France)" title="Minister of Health (France)">Ministry of Solidarity<br />and Health</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>École nationale supérieure de sécurité sociale</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Territorial_Development_(France)" title="Minister of Territorial Development (France)">Ministry of Territorial Development</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Institut_national_des_%C3%A9tudes_territoriales" title="Institut national des études territoriales">Institut national des études territoriales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Not classified</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IAE_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="IAE Paris">IAE Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_des_hautes_%C3%A9tudes_de_d%C3%A9fense_nationale" title="Institut des hautes études de défense nationale">Institut des hautes études de défense nationale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Academy_of_Technologies" title="French Academy of Technologies">French Academy of Technologies</a></li> <li>Agence centrale des organismes de sécurité sociale</li> <li>Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agence_Nationale_de_la_Recherche" class="mw-redirect" title="Agence Nationale de la Recherche">Agence Nationale de la Recherche</a></li> <li>AD Isère Drac Romanche</li> <li>Centre d'études et de recherches sur les qualifications</li> <li>Institut national supérieur de formation et de recherche pour l'éducation des jeunes handicapés et les enseignements adaptés</li> <li>Centre national des œuvres universitaires et scolaires</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_r%C3%A9gional_des_%C5%93uvres_universitaires_et_scolaires" title="Centre régional des œuvres universitaires et scolaires">Centre régional des œuvres universitaires et scolaires</a></li> <li>Caisse nationale de solidarité pour l'autonomie</li> <li>Centre de ressources, d'expertise et de performance sportives</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_commerce" title="Chamber of commerce">Chamber of Commerce and Industry</a></li> <li>Service départemental d'incendie et de secours</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele-de-France_Mobilit%C3%A9s" title="Île-de-France Mobilités">Île-de-France Mobilités</a></li> <li>Association syndicale autorisée</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="13th_arrondissement_of_Paris" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:13th_arrondissement_of_Paris" title="Template:13th arrondissement of Paris"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:13th_arrondissement_of_Paris" title="Template talk:13th arrondissement of Paris"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:13th_arrondissement_of_Paris" title="Special:EditPage/Template:13th arrondissement of Paris"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="13th_arrondissement_of_Paris" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/13th_arrondissement_of_Paris" title="13th arrondissement of Paris">13th arrondissement of Paris</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Neighbourhoods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Rive_Gauche" title="Paris Rive Gauche">Paris Rive Gauche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quartier_Asiatique" class="mw-redirect" title="Quartier Asiatique">Quartier Asiatique</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Primary and secondary schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lyc%C3%A9e_Rodin" title="Lycée Rodin">Lycée Rodin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyc%C3%A9e_Claude-Monet" title="Lycée Claude-Monet">Lycée Claude-Monet</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lyc%C3%A9e_professionnel_Corvisart-Tolbiac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lycée professionnel Corvisart-Tolbiac (page does not exist)">Lycée professionnel Corvisart-Tolbiac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_de_chimie_physique_et_biologie_de_Paris" title="École nationale de chimie physique et biologie de Paris">École nationale de chimie physique et biologie de Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_Yabn%C3%A9_(Paris)" title="École Yabné (Paris)">École Yabné</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Groupe_scolaire_Notre_Dame_de_France&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Groupe scolaire Notre Dame de France (page does not exist)">Groupe scolaire Notre Dame de France</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Groupe_scolaire_Saint_Vincent_de_Paul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Groupe scolaire Saint Vincent de Paul (page does not exist)">Groupe scolaire Saint Vincent de Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lyc%C3%A9e_Le_Rebours&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lycée Le Rebours (page does not exist)">Lycée Le Rebours</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lyc%C3%A9e_Technique_Priv%C3%A9_de_l%27%C3%89cole_Technique_Sup%C3%A9rieure_du_Laboratoire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lycée Technique Privé de l'École Technique Supérieure du Laboratoire (page does not exist)">Lycée Technique Privé de l'École Technique Supérieure du Laboratoire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Colleges and universities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Diderot_University" title="Paris Diderot University">Paris Diderot University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arts_et_M%C3%A9tiers_ParisTech" title="Arts et Métiers ParisTech">Arts et Métiers ParisTech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A9l%C3%A9com_Paris" title="Télécom Paris">Télécom Paris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Les_Olympiades" title="Les Olympiades">Les Olympiades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Super-Italie" title="Tour Super-Italie">Tour Super-Italie</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bibliothèque nationale de France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piti%C3%A9-Salp%C3%AAtri%C3%A8re_Hospital" title="Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital">Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butte-aux-Cailles" title="Butte-aux-Cailles">Butte-aux-Cailles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_du_cerveau_et_de_la_moelle_%C3%A9pini%C3%A8re" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut du cerveau et de la moelle épinière">Institut du cerveau et de la moelle épinière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gobelins_Manufactory" title="Gobelins Manufactory">Gobelins Manufactory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Ludique" title="Art Ludique">Art Ludique</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Paris Métro stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro_and_RER)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliothèque François Mitterrand (Paris Métro and RER)">Bibliothèque François Mitterrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campo_Formio_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Campo Formio (Paris Métro)">Campo Formio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chevaleret_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chevaleret (Paris Métro)">Chevaleret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corvisart_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Corvisart (Paris Métro)">Corvisart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_d%27Austerlitz_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" title="Gare d'Austerlitz (Paris Métro)">Gare d'Austerlitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glaci%C3%A8re_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Glacière (Paris Métro)">Glacière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Gobelins_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Les Gobelins (Paris Métro)">Les Gobelins </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maison_Blanche_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maison Blanche (Paris Métro)">Maison Blanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationale_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nationale (Paris Métro)">Nationale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympiades_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympiades (Paris Métro)">Olympiades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_d%27Italie_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Place d'Italie (Paris Métro)">Place d'Italie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porte_d%27Italie_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Porte d'Italie (Paris Métro)">Porte d'Italie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porte_d%27Ivry_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Porte d'Ivry (Paris Métro)">Porte d'Ivry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porte_de_Choisy_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Porte de Choisy (Paris Métro)">Porte de Choisy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quai_de_la_Gare_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Quai de la Gare (Paris Métro)">Quai de la Gare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Marcel_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint-Marcel (Paris Métro)">Saint-Marcel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolbiac_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tolbiac (Paris Métro)">Tolbiac</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Paris RER stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro_and_RER)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliothèque François Mitterrand (Paris Métro and RER)">Bibliothèque François Mitterrand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF">SNCF</a> stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gare_d%27Austerlitz" title="Gare d'Austerlitz">Gare d'Austerlitz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Grands_Projets_of_François_Mitterrand" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Grands_Projets_of_Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="Template:Grands Projets of François Mitterrand"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Grands_Projets_of_Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="Template talk:Grands Projets of François Mitterrand"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Grands_Projets_of_Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Grands Projets of François Mitterrand"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Grands_Projets_of_François_Mitterrand" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Grands_Projets_of_Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="Grands Projets of François Mitterrand">Grands Projets</a> of <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="François Mitterrand">François Mitterrand</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Commissioned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Louvre" title="Grand Louvre">Grand Louvre</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louvre_Pyramid" title="Louvre Pyramid">Louvre Pyramid</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_World_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab World Institute">Arab World Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ra_Bastille" title="Opéra Bastille">Opéra Bastille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_the_Economy_and_Finance_building" title="Ministry of the Economy and Finance building">Ministry of the Economy and Finance building</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bibliothèque nationale de France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Marie_Tjibaou_Cultural_Centre" title="Jean-Marie Tjibaou Cultural Centre">Jean-Marie Tjibaou Cultural Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grands_Projets_of_Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand#Centre_International_de_Conferences" title="Grands Projets of François Mitterrand">Centre International de Conferences</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Reagan_Mitterrand_1984_%28cropped%29.jpg/60px-Reagan_Mitterrand_1984_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Reagan_Mitterrand_1984_%28cropped%29.jpg/90px-Reagan_Mitterrand_1984_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Reagan_Mitterrand_1984_%28cropped%29.jpg/120px-Reagan_Mitterrand_1984_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Influenced</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Orsay" title="Musée d'Orsay">Musée d'Orsay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_de_la_Villette" title="Parc de la Villette">Parc de la Villette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grande_Arche" title="Grande Arche">Grande Arche</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tourism_in_Paris" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Visitor_attractions_in_Paris" title="Template:Visitor attractions in Paris"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Visitor_attractions_in_Paris" title="Template talk:Visitor attractions in Paris"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Visitor_attractions_in_Paris" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Visitor attractions in Paris"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tourism_in_Paris" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Paris" title="Tourism in Paris">Tourism in Paris</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Landmarks_in_Paris" title="Landmarks in Paris">Landmarks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arc_de_Triomphe" title="Arc de Triomphe">Arc de Triomphe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arc_de_Triomphe_du_Carrousel" title="Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel">Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ar%C3%A8nes_de_Lut%C3%A8ce" title="Arènes de Lutèce">Arènes de Lutèce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais_Brongniart" title="Palais Brongniart">Bourse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catacombs_of_Paris" title="Catacombs of Paris">Catacombs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conciergerie" title="Conciergerie">Conciergerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eiffel_Tower" title="Eiffel Tower">Eiffel Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_d%27Austerlitz" title="Gare d'Austerlitz">Gare d'Austerlitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_de_l%27Est" title="Gare de l'Est">Gare de l'Est</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_de_Lyon" title="Gare de Lyon">Gare de Lyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_du_Nord" title="Gare du Nord">Gare du Nord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_Montparnasse" title="Gare Montparnasse">Gare Montparnasse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_Saint-Lazare" title="Gare Saint-Lazare">Gare Saint-Lazare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Palais" title="Grand Palais">Grand Palais</a> and <a href="/wiki/Petit_Palais" title="Petit Palais">Petit Palais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_de_France" title="Institut de France">Institut de France</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_d%27Arc_(Fr%C3%A9miet)" title="Jeanne d'Arc (Frémiet)">Jeanne d'Arc</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Invalides" title="Les Invalides">Les Invalides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvre_Pyramid" title="Louvre Pyramid">Louvre Pyramid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxor_Obelisks" title="Luxor Obelisks">Luxor Obelisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Od%C3%A9on-Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_de_l%27Europe" title="Odéon-Théâtre de l'Europe">Odéon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ra_Bastille" title="Opéra Bastille">Opéra Bastille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais_Garnier" title="Palais Garnier">Opéra Garnier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panth%C3%A9on" title="Panthéon">Panthéon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philharmonie_de_Paris" title="Philharmonie de Paris">Philharmonie de Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_Diana" title="Place Diana">Place Diana</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Flame_of_Liberty" title="Flame of Liberty">Flame of Liberty</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porte_Saint-Denis" title="Porte Saint-Denis">Porte Saint-Denis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porte_Saint-Martin" title="Porte Saint-Martin">Porte Saint-Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorbonne_(building)" title="Sorbonne (building)">Sorbonne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Montparnasse" title="Tour Montparnasse">Tour Montparnasse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Museums_in_Paris" title="Museums in Paris">Museums</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Paris" title="List of museums in Paris">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Army_Museum_(Paris)" title="Army Museum (Paris)">Army Museum</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bibliothèque nationale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Carnavalet" title="Musée Carnavalet">Carnavalet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_Pompidou" title="Centre Pompidou">Centre Pompidou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cit%C3%A9_des_Sciences_et_de_l%27Industrie" title="Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie">Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galerie_nationale_du_Jeu_de_Paume" class="mw-redirect" title="Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume">Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Vuitton_Foundation" title="Louis Vuitton Foundation">Louis Vuitton Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_des_Arts_d%C3%A9coratifs,_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée des Arts décoratifs, Paris">Musée des Arts décoratifs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_des_Arts_et_M%C3%A9tiers" title="Musée des Arts et Métiers">Musée des Arts et Métiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Art_et_d%27Histoire_du_Juda%C3%AFsme" title="Musée d'Art et d'Histoire du Judaïsme">Musée d'Art et d'Histoire du Judaïsme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Art_Moderne_de_Paris" title="Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris">Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maison_de_Balzac" title="Maison de Balzac">Maison de Balzac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Bourdelle" title="Musée Bourdelle">Musée Bourdelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_la_Cin%C3%A9math%C3%A8que" title="Musée de la Cinémathèque">Musée de la Cinémathèque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Cognacq-Jay" title="Musée Cognacq-Jay">Musée Cognacq-Jay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Gr%C3%A9vin" title="Musée Grévin">Musée Grévin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guimet_Museum" title="Guimet Museum">Musée Guimet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maison_de_Victor_Hugo" title="Maison de Victor Hugo">Maison de Victor Hugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Jacquemart-Andr%C3%A9" title="Musée Jacquemart-André">Musée Jacquemart-André</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre">Musée du Louvre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Marmottan_Monet" title="Musée Marmottan Monet">Musée Marmottan Monet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_Montmartre" title="Musée de Montmartre">Musée de Montmartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_National_d%27Art_Moderne" title="Musée National d'Art Moderne">Musée National d'Art Moderne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix" title="Musée national Eugène Delacroix">Musée national Eugène Delacroix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_Gustave_Moreau" title="Musée national Gustave Moreau">Musée national Gustave Moreau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_des_Monuments_Fran%C3%A7ais" title="Musée national des Monuments Français">Musée national des Monuments Français</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Natural_History,_France" title="National Museum of Natural History, France">Muséum national d'histoire naturelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_Cluny" title="Musée de Cluny">Musée de Cluny – Musée national du Moyen Âge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27Orangerie" title="Musée de l'Orangerie">Musée de l'Orangerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Orsay" title="Musée d'Orsay">Musée d'Orsay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Pasteur" title="Musée Pasteur">Musée Pasteur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Picasso" title="Musée Picasso">Musée Picasso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Quai_Branly_%E2%80%93_Jacques_Chirac" title="Musée du Quai Branly – Jacques Chirac">Musée du Quai Branly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Rodin" title="Musée Rodin">Musée Rodin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais_de_la_L%C3%A9gion_d%27Honneur" title="Palais de la Légion d'Honneur">Palais de la Légion d'Honneur</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_la_L%C3%A9gion_d%27honneur" title="Musée de la Légion d'honneur">Musée de la Légion d'honneur</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_la_Vie_romantique" title="Musée de la Vie romantique">Musée de la Vie romantique</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_religious_buildings_in_Paris" title="List of religious buildings in Paris">Religious buildings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Nevsky_Cathedral,_Paris" title="Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, Paris">Alexander Nevsky Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Cathedral_in_Paris" title="American Cathedral in Paris">American Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Church_in_Paris" title="American Church in Paris">American Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Cathedral_of_St._John_the_Baptist" title="Armenian Cathedral of St. John the Baptist">Armenian Cathedral of St. John the Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapelle_expiatoire" title="Chapelle expiatoire">Chapelle expiatoire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Mosque_of_Paris" title="Grand Mosque of Paris">Grand Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Synagogue_of_Paris" title="Grand Synagogue of Paris">Grand Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synagogue_de_Nazareth" title="Synagogue de Nazareth">Synagogue de Nazareth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Madeleine,_Paris" title="La Madeleine, Paris">La Madeleine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notre-Dame_de_Paris" title="Notre-Dame de Paris">Notre-Dame de Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notre-Dame-de-Bonne-Nouvelle" title="Notre-Dame-de-Bonne-Nouvelle">Notre-Dame-de-Bonne-Nouvelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notre-Dame-de-Lorette,_Paris" title="Notre-Dame-de-Lorette, Paris">Notre-Dame-de-Lorette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notre-Dame-des-Victoires,_Paris" title="Notre-Dame-des-Victoires, Paris">Notre-Dame-des-Victoires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacr%C3%A9-C%C5%93ur,_Paris" title="Sacré-Cœur, Paris">Sacré-Cœur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Ambroise,_Paris" title="Saint-Ambroise, Paris">Saint Ambroise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Augustin,_Paris" title="Saint-Augustin, Paris">Saint-Augustin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-%C3%89tienne-du-Mont" title="Saint-Étienne-du-Mont">Saint-Étienne-du-Mont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Eustache,_Paris" title="Saint-Eustache, Paris">Saint-Eustache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Fran%C3%A7ois-Xavier,_Paris" title="Saint-François-Xavier, Paris">Saint-François-Xavier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Germain-des-Pr%C3%A9s_(abbey)" title="Saint-Germain-des-Prés (abbey)">Saint-Germain-des-Prés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Germain_l%27Auxerrois" title="Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois">Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais" title="Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais">Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Saint-Jacques" title="Tour Saint-Jacques">Tour Saint-Jacques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Jean_de_Montmartre" title="Saint-Jean de Montmartre">Saint-Jean de Montmartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis" title="Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis">Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Pierre_de_Montmartre" title="Saint-Pierre de Montmartre">Saint-Pierre de Montmartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Roch,_Paris" title="Saint-Roch, Paris">Saint-Roch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Sulpice,_Paris" title="Saint-Sulpice, Paris">Saint-Sulpice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Vincent-de-Paul,_Paris" title="Saint-Vincent-de-Paul, Paris">Saint-Vincent-de-Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sainte-Chapelle" title="Sainte-Chapelle">Sainte-Chapelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sainte-Clotilde,_Paris" title="Sainte-Clotilde, Paris">Sainte-Clotilde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sainte-Trinit%C3%A9,_Paris" title="Sainte-Trinité, Paris">Sainte-Trinité</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_du_Marais" title="Temple du Marais">Temple du Marais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Val-de-Gr%C3%A2ce_(church)" title="Val-de-Grâce (church)">Val-de-Grâce</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hôtels particuliers<br />and palaces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89lys%C3%A9e_Palace" title="Élysée Palace">Élysée Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Beauvais" title="Hôtel de Beauvais">Hôtel de Beauvais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Charost" title="Hôtel de Charost">Hôtel de Charost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Crillon" title="Hôtel de Crillon">Hôtel de Crillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_d%27Estr%C3%A9es" title="Hôtel d'Estrées">Hôtel d'Estrées</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_la_Pa%C3%AFva" title="Hôtel de la Païva">Hôtel de la Païva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Pontalba" title="Hôtel de Pontalba">Hôtel de Pontalba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Sens" title="Hôtel de Sens">Hôtel de Sens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Soubise" title="Hôtel de Soubise">Hôtel de Soubise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Sully" title="Hôtel de Sully">Hôtel de Sully</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Ville,_Paris" title="Hôtel de Ville, Paris">Hôtel de Ville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Lambert" title="Hôtel Lambert">Hôtel Lambert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Matignon" title="Hôtel Matignon">Hôtel Matignon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_Palace" title="Luxembourg Palace">Luxembourg Palace</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petit_Luxembourg" title="Petit Luxembourg">Petit Luxembourg</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais_Bourbon" title="Palais Bourbon">Palais Bourbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais_de_Justice,_Paris" title="Palais de Justice, Paris">Palais de Justice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palais_de_la_Cit%C3%A9" title="Palais de la Cité">Palais de la Cité</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais-Royal" title="Palais-Royal">Palais-Royal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bridges, streets,<br />areas, squares<br />and waterways</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_de_l%27Op%C3%A9ra" title="Avenue de l'Opéra">Avenue de l'Opéra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_Foch" title="Avenue Foch">Avenue Foch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_George_V" title="Avenue George V">Avenue George V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boulevard_de_la_Madeleine" title="Boulevard de la Madeleine">Boulevard de la Madeleine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boulevard_de_S%C3%A9bastopol" title="Boulevard de Sébastopol">Boulevard de Sébastopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canal_de_l%27Ourcq" title="Canal de l'Ourcq">Canal de l'Ourcq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canal_Saint-Martin" title="Canal Saint-Martin">Canal Saint-Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champ_de_Mars" title="Champ de Mars">Champ de Mars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champs-%C3%89lys%C3%A9es" title="Champs-Élysées">Champs-Élysées</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covered_passages_of_Paris" title="Covered passages of Paris">Covered passages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galerie_V%C3%A9ro-Dodat" title="Galerie Véro-Dodat">Galerie Véro-Dodat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_Choiseul" title="Passage Choiseul">Choiseul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_des_Panoramas" title="Passage des Panoramas">Panoramas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galerie_Vivienne" title="Galerie Vivienne">Galerie Vivienne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_du_Havre" title="Passage du Havre">Havre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_Jouffroy" title="Passage Jouffroy">Jouffroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_Brady" title="Passage Brady">Brady</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_Quarter,_Paris" title="Latin Quarter, Paris">Latin Quarter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Marais" title="The Marais">Le Marais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montmartre" title="Montmartre">Montmartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montparnasse" title="Montparnasse">Montparnasse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_Diana" title="Place Diana">Place Diana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_Dauphine" title="Place Dauphine">Place Dauphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_de_la_Bastille" title="Place de la Bastille">Place de la Bastille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_de_la_Concorde" title="Place de la Concorde">Place de la Concorde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_de_la_Nation" title="Place de la Nation">Place de la Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_de_la_R%C3%A9publique" title="Place de la République">Place de la République</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_des_%C3%89meutes-de-Stonewall" title="Place des Émeutes-de-Stonewall">Place des Émeutes-de-Stonewall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_des_%C3%89tats-Unis" title="Place des États-Unis">Place des États-Unis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_des_Pyramides" title="Place des Pyramides">Place des Pyramides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_des_Victoires" title="Place des Victoires">Place des Victoires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_des_Vosges" title="Place des Vosges">Place des Vosges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_du_Carrousel" title="Place du Carrousel">Place du Carrousel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_du_Ch%C3%A2telet" title="Place du Châtelet">Place du Châtelet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_du_Tertre" title="Place du Tertre">Place du Tertre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_Saint-Michel" title="Place Saint-Michel">Place Saint-Michel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_Vend%C3%B4me" title="Place Vendôme">Place Vendôme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont_Alexandre_III" title="Pont Alexandre III">Pont Alexandre III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont_d%27I%C3%A9na" title="Pont d'Iéna">Pont d'Iéna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont_de_Bir-Hakeim" title="Pont de Bir-Hakeim">Pont de Bir-Hakeim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont_des_Arts" title="Pont des Arts">Pont des Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont_Neuf" title="Pont Neuf">Pont Neuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_du_Louvre" title="Port du Louvre">Port du Louvre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rive_Gauche" title="Rive Gauche">Rive Gauche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Basse" title="Rue Basse">Rue Basse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Bonaparte" title="Rue Bonaparte">Rue Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Charlemagne" title="Rue Charlemagne">Rue Charlemagne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_d%27Argenteuil" title="Rue d'Argenteuil">Rue d'Argenteuil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_la_Ferronnerie" title="Rue de la Ferronnerie">Rue de la Ferronnerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_la_Paix,_Paris" title="Rue de la Paix, Paris">Rue de la Paix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_la_Sourdi%C3%A8re" title="Rue de la Sourdière">Rue de la Sourdière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_Montmorency" title="Rue de Montmorency">Rue de Montmorency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_Richelieu" title="Rue de Richelieu">Rue de Richelieu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_Rivoli" title="Rue de Rivoli">Rue de Rivoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_Vaugirard" title="Rue de Vaugirard">Rue de Vaugirard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_des_Francs-Bourgeois" title="Rue des Francs-Bourgeois">Rue des Francs-Bourgeois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_des_Lombards" title="Rue des Lombards">Rue des Lombards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_du_Faubourg_Saint-Honor%C3%A9" title="Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré">Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Elz%C3%A9vir" title="Rue Elzévir">Rue Elzévir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Foyatier" title="Rue Foyatier">Rue Foyatier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Moli%C3%A8re" title="Rue Molière">Rue Molière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Montorgueil" title="Rue Montorgueil">Rue Montorgueil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Radziwill" title="Rue Radziwill">Rue Radziwill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Rambuteau" title="Rue Rambuteau">Rue Rambuteau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Mond%C3%A9tour" title="Rue Mondétour">Rue Mondétour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Pastourelle" title="Rue Pastourelle">Rue Pastourelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_des_Rosiers" title="Rue des Rosiers">Rue des Rosiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Saint-Honor%C3%A9" title="Rue Saint-Honoré">Rue Saint-Honoré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Saint-Denis_(Paris)" title="Rue Saint-Denis (Paris)">Rue Saint-Denis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Sainte-Anne" title="Rue Sainte-Anne">Rue Sainte-Anne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Germain-des-Pr%C3%A9s" title="Saint-Germain-des-Prés">Saint-Germain-des-Prés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trocad%C3%A9ro,_Paris" title="Trocadéro, Paris">Trocadéro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viaduc_d%27Austerlitz" title="Viaduc d'Austerlitz">Viaduc d'Austerlitz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_parks_and_gardens_of_Paris" title="History of parks and gardens of Paris">Parks and gardens</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bois_de_Boulogne" title="Bois de Boulogne">Bois de Boulogne</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jardin_d%27Acclimatation" title="Jardin d'Acclimatation">Jardin d'Acclimatation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bois_de_Vincennes" title="Bois de Vincennes">Bois de Vincennes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parc_floral_de_Paris" title="Parc floral de Paris">Parc floral</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jardin_du_Luxembourg" title="Jardin du Luxembourg">Jardin du Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_Andr%C3%A9-Citro%C3%ABn" title="Parc André-Citroën">Parc André-Citroën</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_Clichy-Batignolles_%E2%80%93_Martin_Luther_King" title="Parc Clichy-Batignolles – Martin Luther King">Parc Clichy-Batignolles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_de_Belleville" title="Parc de Belleville">Parc de Belleville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_de_Bercy" title="Parc de Bercy">Parc de Bercy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_de_la_Butte-du-Chapeau-Rouge" title="Parc de la Butte-du-Chapeau-Rouge">Parc de la Butte-du-Chapeau-Rouge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_des_Buttes_Chaumont" title="Parc des Buttes Chaumont">Parc des Buttes Chaumont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_Georges-Brassens" title="Parc Georges-Brassens">Parc Georges-Brassens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_Monceau" title="Parc Monceau">Parc Monceau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_Montsouris" title="Parc Montsouris">Parc Montsouris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuileries_Garden" title="Tuileries Garden">Tuileries Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coul%C3%A9e_verte_Ren%C3%A9-Dumont" title="Coulée verte René-Dumont">Coulée verte René-Dumont</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sport venues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accor_Arena" title="Accor Arena">Accor Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auteuil_Hippodrome" title="Auteuil Hippodrome">Auteuil Hippodrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halle_Georges_Carpentier" title="Halle Georges Carpentier">Halle Georges Carpentier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longchamp_Racecourse" title="Longchamp Racecourse">Longchamp Hippodrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_des_Princes" title="Parc des Princes">Parc des Princes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piscine_Molitor" title="Piscine Molitor">Piscine Molitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porte_de_La_Chapelle_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Porte de La Chapelle Arena">Porte de La Chapelle Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stade_Jean-Bouin_(Paris)" title="Stade Jean-Bouin (Paris)">Stade Jean Bouin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stade_Pershing" title="Stade Pershing">Stade Pershing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stade_Pierre_de_Coubertin_(Paris)" title="Stade Pierre de Coubertin (Paris)">Stade Pierre de Coubertin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stade_Roland_Garros" title="Stade Roland Garros">Stade Roland Garros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stade_S%C3%A9bastien_Charl%C3%A9ty" title="Stade Sébastien Charléty">Stade Sébastien Charléty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A9lodrome_de_Vincennes" title="Vélodrome de Vincennes">Vélodrome de Vincennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippodrome_de_Vincennes" title="Hippodrome de Vincennes">Vincennes Hippodrome</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cemeteries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Montmartre_Cemetery" title="Montmartre Cemetery">Montmartre Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montparnasse_Cemetery" title="Montparnasse Cemetery">Montparnasse Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passy_Cemetery" title="Passy Cemetery">Passy Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A8re_Lachaise_Cemetery" title="Père Lachaise Cemetery">Père Lachaise Cemetery</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Wilde%27s_tomb" title="Oscar Wilde's tomb">Oscar Wilde's tomb</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picpus_Cemetery" title="Picpus Cemetery">Picpus Cemetery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele-de-France" title="Île-de-France">Région parisienne</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint-Denis" title="Basilica of Saint-Denis">Basilica of Saint-Denis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_d%27%C3%89couen" title="Château d'Écouen">Château d'Écouen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Chantilly" title="Château de Chantilly">Château de Chantilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Fontainebleau" title="Palace of Fontainebleau">Château de Fontainebleau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Malmaison" title="Château de Malmaison">Château de Malmaison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Rambouillet" title="Château de Rambouillet">Château de Rambouillet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Saint-Germain-en-Laye" title="Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye">Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Sceaux" title="Château de Sceaux">Château de Sceaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Versailles" title="Palace of Versailles">Château</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gardens_of_Versailles" title="Gardens of Versailles">Gardens of Versailles</a> (<a href="/wiki/Grand_Trianon" title="Grand Trianon">Grand Trianon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Petit_Trianon" title="Petit Trianon">Petit Trianon</a>, including the <a href="/wiki/Fresh_pavilion" title="Fresh pavilion">Fresh pavilion</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Vincennes" title="Château de Vincennes">Château de Vincennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense">La Défense</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grande_Arche" title="Grande Arche">Grande Arche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_La_D%C3%A9fense_Arena" title="Paris La Défense Arena">Paris La Défense Arena</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disneyland_Paris" title="Disneyland Paris">Disneyland Paris</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Disneyland_Park_(Paris)" title="Disneyland Park (Paris)">Disneyland Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney_Studios_Park" title="Walt Disney Studios Park">Walt Disney Studios Park</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorad%C3%B4me" title="Exploradôme">Exploradôme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Mont-Val%C3%A9rien" title="Fort Mont-Valérien">Fort Mont-Valérien</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9morial_de_la_France_combattante" title="Mémorial de la France combattante">Mémorial de la France combattante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suresnes_American_Cemetery_and_Memorial" title="Suresnes American Cemetery and Memorial">Suresnes American Cemetery and Memorial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France_Miniature" title="France Miniature">France Miniature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27air_et_de_l%27espace" title="Musée de l'air et de l'espace">Musée de l'air et de l'espace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Fragonard_d%27Alfort" title="Musée Fragonard d'Alfort">Musée Fragonard d'Alfort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_Ast%C3%A9rix" title="Parc Astérix">Parc Astérix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_de_Saint-Cloud" title="Parc de Saint-Cloud">Parc de Saint-Cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provins" title="Provins">Provins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Roche-Guyon" title="La Roche-Guyon">La Roche-Guyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A8vres_%E2%80%93_Cit%C3%A9_de_la_c%C3%A9ramique" title="Sèvres – Cité de la céramique">Sèvres – Cité de la céramique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stade_de_France" title="Stade de France">Stade de France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaux-le-Vicomte" title="Vaux-le-Vicomte">Vaux-le-Vicomte</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Paris" title="Culture of Paris">Culture and events</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bastille_Day_military_parade" title="Bastille Day military parade">Bastille Day military parade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%AEner_en_Blanc" title="Dîner en Blanc">Dîner en Blanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%AAte_de_la_Musique" title="Fête de la Musique">Fête de la Musique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuit_Blanche" title="Nuit Blanche">Nuit Blanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Air_Show" title="Paris Air Show">Paris Air Show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Fashion_Week" title="Paris Fashion Week">Paris Fashion Week</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris-Plages" title="Paris-Plages">Paris-Plages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Guard_(France)" title="Republican Guard (France)">Republican Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solidays" title="Solidays">Solidays</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Axe_historique" title="Axe historique">Axe historique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bateau-Lavoir" title="Bateau-Lavoir">Bateau-Lavoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bateaux_Mouches" title="Bateaux Mouches">Bateaux Mouches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_des_2_Moulins" title="Café des 2 Moulins">Café des 2 Moulins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_Procope" title="Café Procope">Café Procope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folies_Berg%C3%A8re" title="Folies Bergère">Folies Bergère</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fountains_in_Paris" title="Fountains in Paris">Fountains in Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Ruche_(residence)" title="La Ruche (residence)">La Ruche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Deux_Magots" title="Les Deux Magots">Les Deux Magots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxim%27s" title="Maxim's">Maxim's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moulin_de_la_Galette" title="Moulin de la Galette">Moulin de la Galette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge">Moulin Rouge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_M%C3%A9tro" title="Paris Métro">Paris Métro</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paris_M%C3%A9tro_entrances_by_Hector_Guimard" title="Paris Métro entrances by Hector Guimard">entrances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montmartre_Funicular" title="Montmartre Funicular">Montmartre Funicular</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Mus%C3%A9es" title="Paris Musées">Paris Musées</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_syndrome" title="Paris syndrome">Paris syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Zoological_Park" title="Paris Zoological Park">Paris Zoological Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvre_Inverted_Pyramid" title="Louvre Inverted Pyramid">Pyramide inversée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="World Heritage Centre">World Heritage Centre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Paris" title="List of tourist attractions in Paris">List of tourist attractions in Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_in_Paris" title="Art in Paris">Art in Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_syndrome" title="Paris syndrome">Paris syndrome</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193563#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193563#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193563#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000123531945">ISNI</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000123532569">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/137156173">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/5156217-0">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no95028191">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12381002j">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12381002j">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00283813">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Francia : Bibliotheque Nationale"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/UFIV089469">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35553176">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2002102945&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Bibliothèque de France"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2002102948&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></span></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX179415">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/32893">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/54445">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000050573&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000071965&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogo.bn.gov.ar/F/?func=direct&local_base=BNA10&doc_number=000067677">Argentina</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/hftwxv4159qfljh">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007380743105171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Bibliothèque nationale (França)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058511725206706">Catalonia</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058518622906706">2</a></span></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/place/a6c3dc67-c02f-472e-b0c9-4da45f19951f">MusicBrainz place</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500309981">ULAN</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://w3id.org/isil/FR-751131015">ISIL</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://w3id.org/isil/FR-759999999">2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/03361122X">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/label/98564b07-3c7b-4d78-80c5-ed073f80b6f8">MusicBrainz label</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music Department of the National Library of France <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044740#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rism.online/institutions/30001488">RISM</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manuscript department of the Bibliothèque nationale de France <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044762#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000122957995">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/168397683">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/153536672">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50052253">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb118624742">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb118624742">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026361876">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01408571?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France, Département des manuscrits"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=kn20021001003&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rism.online/institutions/30078937">RISM</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007511392005171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France&params=48_50_01_N_2_22_33_E_region:FR-IDF_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">48°50′01″N</span> <span 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