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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navegació </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portada" title="Visiteu la pàgina principal [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Portada</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Article_aleatori" title="Carrega una pàgina a l’atzar [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Article a l'atzar</span></a></li><li id="n-Articles-de-qualitat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Articles_de_qualitat"><span>Articles de qualitat</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A0gines_especials"><span>Pàgines especials</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Comunitat" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Comunitat" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Comunitat </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Portal" title="Sobre el projecte, què podeu fer, on trobareu les coses"><span>Portal viquipedista</span></a></li><li id="n-Agenda-d'actes" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Trobades"><span>Agenda d'actes</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Canvis_recents" title="Una llista dels canvis recents al wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Canvis recents</span></a></li><li id="n-La-taverna" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:La_taverna"><span>La taverna</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Contacte"><span>Contacte</span></a></li><li id="n-Xat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Canals_IRC"><span>Xat</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Ajuda" title="El lloc per a saber més coses"><span>Ajuda</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Portada" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Viquipèdia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ca.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.4375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="l'Enciclopèdia Lliure" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ca.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Cerca" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button 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value="Especial:Cerca"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cerca</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Eines personals"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Modificar la dimension, la largor e la color del tèxte." > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aparença" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aparença</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=ca.wikipedia.org&uselang=ca" class=""><span>Donatius</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&returnto=Pansa" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori" class=""><span>Crea un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&returnto=Pansa" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Inicia la sessió</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Més opcions" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eines personals" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eines personals</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menú d'usuari" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a 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registrats <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Introducci%C3%B3" aria-label="Vegeu més informació sobre l'edició"><span>més informació</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Contribucions_pr%C3%B2pies" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d'aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Discussi%C3%B3_personal" title="Discussió sobre les edicions per aquesta adreça ip. [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussió per aquest IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contingut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contingut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inici</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-La_pansificació" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_pansificació"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>La pansificació</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_pansificació-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_pansa_a_la_comarca_de_la_Marina" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_pansa_a_la_comarca_de_la_Marina"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>La pansa a la comarca de la Marina</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-La_pansa_a_la_comarca_de_la_Marina-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció La pansa a la comarca de la Marina</span> </button> <ul id="toc-La_pansa_a_la_comarca_de_la_Marina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Època_musulmana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Època_musulmana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Època musulmana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Època_musulmana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Segle_xix" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Segle_xix"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Segle <span>xix</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Segle_xix-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Segles_XX_i_XXI" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Segles_XX_i_XXI"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Segles XX i XXI</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Segles_XX_i_XXI-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pansers_i_panseres" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pansers_i_panseres"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Pansers i panseres</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pansers_i_panseres-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Exportació" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Exportació"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Exportació</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Exportació-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-El_procés_de_la_pansificació" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#El_procés_de_la_pansificació"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>El procés de la pansificació</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-El_procés_de_la_pansificació-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció El procés de la pansificació</span> </button> <ul id="toc-El_procés_de_la_pansificació-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Llocs_i_instal·lacions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Llocs_i_instal·lacions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Llocs i instal·lacions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Llocs_i_instal·lacions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operacions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operacions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Operacions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operacions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ferramentes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ferramentes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Ferramentes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ferramentes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vegeu_també" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vegeu_també"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Vegeu també</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vegeu_també-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referències" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referències"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Referències</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referències-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contingut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Taula de continguts" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Pansa</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 90 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-90" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">90 llengües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosyntjie" title="Rosyntjie - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Rosyntjie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosine" title="Rosine - alemany suís" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Rosine" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alemany suís" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pansa" title="Pansa - aragonès" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Pansa" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A8" title="زبيب - àrab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="زبيب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="àrab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%90%DC%A6%DC%AB%DC%AC%DC%90" title="ܐܦܫܬܐ - arameu" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܐܦܫܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="arameu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coweminak" title="Coweminak - atacama" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Coweminak" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="atacama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ki%C5%9Fmi%C5%9F" title="Kişmiş - azerbaidjanès" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kişmiş" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaidjanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weinberl" title="Weinberl - bavarès" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Weinberl" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bavarès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasas" title="Pasas - Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Pasas" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Разынкі - belarús" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Разынкі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarús" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Разынкі - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Разынкі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Стафида - búlgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Стафида" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8" title="किसमिस - Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="किसमिस" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6" title="কিশমিশ - bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কিশমিশ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hohp%C3%A2htsen%C3%A1men%C3%B4tse" title="Hohpâhtsenámenôtse - xeiene" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Hohpâhtsenámenôtse" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="xeiene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rozinka" title="Rozinka - txec" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rozinka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosin" title="Rosin - danès" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Rosin" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosine" title="Rosine - alemany" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rosine" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B1" title="Σταφίδα - grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σταφίδα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raisin" title="Raisin - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Raisin" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sekvinbero" title="Sekvinbero - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sekvinbero" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasa" title="Pasa - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pasa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosin" title="Rosin - estonià" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rosin" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahaspasa" title="Mahaspasa - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mahaspasa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%B4" title="کشمش - persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کشمش" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusina" title="Rusina - finès" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rusina" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raisin_sec" title="Raisin sec - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Raisin sec" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinken" title="Sinken - frisó septentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Sinken" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisó septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ue_calabrie" title="Ue calabrie - friülà" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Ue calabrie" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friülà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADs%C3%ADn" title="Rísín - irlandès" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Rísín" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasa" title="Pasa - gallec" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pasa" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="gallec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A7" title="צימוק - hebreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="צימוק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6" title="किशमिश - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="किशमिश" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazsola" title="Mazsola - hongarès" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mazsola" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongarès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%89%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%B9" title="Չամիչ - armeni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Չամիչ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kismis" title="Kismis - indonesi" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kismis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiayaaq" title="Asiayaaq - inupiak" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Asiayaaq" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="inupiak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%BAs%C3%ADna" title="Rúsína - islandès" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Rúsína" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uva_passa" title="Uva passa - italià" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Uva passa" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BA%E3%83%B3" title="レーズン - japonès" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="レーズン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kismis" title="Kismis - javanès" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kismis" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A9%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A9%E1%83%98" title="ჩამიჩი - georgià" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჩამიჩი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%96%D0%B7" title="Мейіз - kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мейіз" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%92%E0%B2%A3%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B7%E0%B2%BF" title="ಒಣದ್ರಾಕ್ಷಿ - kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಒಣದ್ರಾಕ್ಷಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B1%B4%ED%8F%AC%EB%8F%84" title="건포도 - coreà" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="건포도" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%90%D8%B4%D9%85%D9%90%D8%B4" title="کِشمِش - caixmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="کِشمِش" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="caixmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mew%C3%AEj" title="Mewîj - kurd" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Mewîj" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B8%D0%B7" title="Мейиз - kirguís" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Мейиз" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguís" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kor%C3%ABnt" title="Korënt - luxemburguès" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Korënt" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Razina" title="Razina - lituà" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Razina" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roz%C4%ABnes" title="Rozīnes - letó" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Rozīnes" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8" title="किसमिस - maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="किसमिस" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%98%D0%B5" title="Суво грозје - macedoni" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Суво грозје" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE" title="मनुका - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मनुका" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kismis" title="Kismis - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kismis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AC" title="ممیج - mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ممیج" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8" title="किसमिस - nepalès" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="किसमिस" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rozijn" title="Rozijn - neerlandès" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Rozijn" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosin" title="Rosin - noruec nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Rosin" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruec nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosin" title="Rosin - noruec bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Rosin" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruec bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE" title="ਮੁਨੱਕਾ - panjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮੁਨੱਕਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodzynki" title="Rodzynki - polonès" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rodzynki" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passa" title="Passa - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Passa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasa" title="Pasa - quítxua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Pasa" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quítxua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stafid%C4%83" title="Stafidă - romanès" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Stafidă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%8E%D0%BC" title="Изюм - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Изюм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AA%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%B4" title="ڪشمش - sindi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪشمش" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raisin" title="Raisin - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Raisin" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hrozienka" title="Hrozienka - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hrozienka" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rozine" title="Rozine - eslovè" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Rozine" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="eslovè" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabiib" title="Sabiib - somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Sabiib" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stafidhe" title="Stafidhe - albanès" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Stafidhe" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B6%D1%92%D0%B5" title="Суво грожђе - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Суво грожђе" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kismis" title="Kismis - sondanès" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kismis" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sondanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russin" title="Russin - suec" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Russin" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88" title="உலர்திராட்சை - tàmil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உலர்திராட்சை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tàmil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%8E%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B7" title="ఎండుద్రాక్ష - telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఎండుద్రాక్ష" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%88" title="Кишмиш - tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Кишмиш" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%94" title="ลูกเกด - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ลูกเกด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasas" title="Pasas - tagal" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pasas" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuru_%C3%BCz%C3%BCm" title="Kuru üzüm - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kuru üzüm" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Родзинки - ucraïnès" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Родзинки" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraïnès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultoniy" title="Sultoniy - uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sultoniy" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nho_kh%C3%B4" title="Nho khô - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nho khô" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasas" title="Pasas - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Pasas" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E5%B9%B2" title="葡萄干 - xinès wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="葡萄干" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="xinès wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%AD%E1%83%98" title="სკიჭი - mingrelià" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სკიჭი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%96%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%A7%D7%A2" title="ראזשינקע - ídix" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ראזשינקע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="ídix" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E4%B9%BE" title="葡萄乾 - xinès" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="葡萄乾" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xinès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E5%AD%90%E4%B9%BE" title="提子乾 - cantonès" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="提子乾" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q13186#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modificau enllaços interlingües" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica els enllaços</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espais de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pansa"><span>Mostra</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pansa&action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d'aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pansa&action=history"><span>Mostra l'historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Enlla%C3%A7os/Pansa" title="Una llista de totes les pàgines wiki que enllacen amb aquesta [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Què hi enllaça</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Seguiment/Pansa" rel="nofollow" title="Canvis recents a pàgines enllaçades des d'aquesta pàgina [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Canvis relacionats</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pansa&oldid=33642824" title="Enllaç permanent a aquesta revisió de la pàgina"><span>Enllaç permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pansa&action=info" title="Més informació sobre aquesta pàgina"><span>Informació de la pàgina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Citau&page=Pansa&id=33642824&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informació sobre com citar aquesta pàgina"><span>Citau aquest article</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fca.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPansa"><span>Obtén una URL abreujada</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fca.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPansa"><span>Descarrega el codi QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimeix/exporta </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Llibre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Pansa"><span>Crea un llibre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Pansa&action=show-download-screen"><span>Baixa com a PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pansa&printable=yes" title="Versió per a impressió d'aquesta pàgina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versió per a impressora</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> En altres projectes </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Raisin" hreflang="en"><span>Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikiquote.org/wiki/Pansa" hreflang="ca"><span>Viquidites</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q13186" title="Enllaç a l'element del repositori de dades connectat [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element a Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparença</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">amaga</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Viquipèdia, l'enciclopèdia lliure</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ca" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r34261971">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{width:100%;border-color:#77ccff;color:var(--color-base,#202122);background-color:#f5f5f5;margin-bottom:1em;font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .hatnote{color:var(--color-inverted,#fff);background-color:var(--background-color-inverted,#101418)}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .hatnote{color:var(--color-inverted,#fff);background-color:var(--background-color-inverted,#101418)}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style> <table class="hatnote" cellspacing="5"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 25px; vertical-align: top;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Disambig_grey.svg/22px-Disambig_grey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Disambig_grey.svg/33px-Disambig_grey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Disambig_grey.svg/44px-Disambig_grey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> </td> <td>Aquest article tracta sobre <b>sobre el fruit assecat</b>. Vegeu-ne altres significats a «<a href="/wiki/Pansa_(desambiguaci%C3%B3)" class="mw-disambig" title="Pansa (desambiguació)">Pansa (desambiguació)</a>». </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Raisins.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Raisins.jpg/220px-Raisins.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Raisins.jpg/330px-Raisins.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Raisins.jpg/440px-Raisins.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1623" data-file-height="1062" /></a><figcaption>Panses de raïm.</figcaption></figure> <p>Una <b>pansa</b> és un <a href="/wiki/Aliment" title="Aliment">aliment</a> obtingut per l'assecament del <a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%AFm_(fruit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Raïm (fruit)">raïm</a>. Es tracta d'un cas particular de <a href="/wiki/Fruita_dessecada" title="Fruita dessecada">fruita dessecada</a>. Atzebib<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> és una denominació antiga de les panses. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="La_pansificació"><span id="La_pansificaci.C3.B3"></span>La pansificació</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pansa&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la secció: La pansificació"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La pansificació és una tècnica coneguda des de l'Antiguitat.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199259_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199259-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> El mot <i>pansa</i> prové del participi del verb llatí <i>pando</i>, que significa <i>estendre</i> (en aquest cas, estendre al sol). </p><p>La pansificació pot dur-se a terme bé exposant el <a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%AFm_(fruit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Raïm (fruit)">raïm</a> directament al sol (pansa verge),<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> o assecant-lo al sol després d'haver bullit la fruita, en un procés conegut com a <i>pansa escaldada</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>La humitat, i també la pluja, constitueixen el principal risc per a l'elaboració de la pansa.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Són un perill constant que amenaça de fer malbé tota la producció i que el llaurador sempre ha sabut valorar: una campanya plujosa o excessivament humida minvarà la producció per l'efecte del podriment mentre que un temps assolellat la beneficiarà. El raïm necessita sol i aire per poder transformar-se en pansa, i l'aigua és un element danyós en aquest procés. És una idea que expressa perfectament la següent cançoneta de caràcter popular:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><i>La molinera d'<a href="/wiki/Oliva_(Safor)" title="Oliva (Safor)">Oliva</a></i></dd> <dd><i>demana aigua al Senyor;</i></dd> <dd><i>i ara diuen els pansers:</i></dd> <dd><i>¡sol i aire, aigua no!</i></dd></dl> <p>Mentre la molinera prega a Déu perquè ploga -ja que necessita l'aigua com a força motriu del seu molí-, els pansers temen que el cel descarregue. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="La_pansa_a_la_comarca_de_la_Marina">La pansa a la comarca de la Marina</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pansa&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la secció: La pansa a la comarca de la Marina"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:T.-9.-Pansa_(26589425941).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/T.-9.-Pansa_%2826589425941%29.jpg/220px-T.-9.-Pansa_%2826589425941%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/T.-9.-Pansa_%2826589425941%29.jpg/330px-T.-9.-Pansa_%2826589425941%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/T.-9.-Pansa_%2826589425941%29.jpg/440px-T.-9.-Pansa_%2826589425941%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2998" data-file-height="1428" /></a><figcaption>Procés de treball en l'elaboració de la pansa. <a href="/wiki/Museu_Valenci%C3%A0_d%27Etnologia" title="Museu Valencià d'Etnologia">Museu Valencià d'Etnologia</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>El cultiu de la vinya de <a href="/wiki/Moscatell" title="Moscatell">moscatell</a> i l'elaboració de la pansa són activitats tradicionals al <a href="/wiki/Marquesat_de_D%C3%A9nia" title="Marquesat de Dénia">Marquesat de Dénia</a> i de la <a href="/wiki/Comarca_de_La_Marina" class="mw-redirect" title="Comarca de La Marina">comarca de La Marina</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pel que la a les varietats, El <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ra%C3%AFm_de_gironet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raïm de gironet (encara no existeix)">raïm de gironet</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ra%C3%AFm_de_marseguera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raïm de marseguera (encara no existeix)">de marseguera</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Monastrell" class="mw-redirect" title="Monastrell">monastrell</a> i d'altres s'utilitzen en la producció de <a href="/wiki/Vi" title="Vi">vi</a>, mentre que el <a href="/wiki/Moscatell" title="Moscatell">moscatell</a> s'utilitza com <a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%AFm_de_taula" title="Raïm de taula">raïm de taula</a> i també per a fer pansa.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Són tradicionals de la comarca els <a href="/wiki/Riurau" title="Riurau">riuraus</a>, edificis concebuts per a l'elaboració de la pansa.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Es pren la data del <a href="/wiki/15_d%27agost" title="15 d'agost">15 d'agost</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mare_de_D%C3%A9u_d%27Agost" class="mw-redirect" title="Mare de Déu d'Agost">Mare de Déu d'Agost</a>) com a data tradicional per a l'inici de l'activitat,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> si bé modernament la data se sol endarrerir fins a <a href="/wiki/Setembre" title="Setembre">setembre</a>, i fins a <a href="/wiki/Octubre" title="Octubre">octubre</a> es poden trobar panses al <a href="/wiki/Sol" title="Sol">sol</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Època_musulmana"><span id=".C3.88poca_musulmana"></span>Època musulmana</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pansa&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la secció: Època musulmana"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Els musulmans, per la seua condició d'abstemis, utilitzaven el raïm només per a pansificar-lo.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199259_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199259-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hi ha testimonis de l'activitat a la comarca des d'abans del segle <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">xii</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199259_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199259-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Segons una escriptura de l'any <a href="/wiki/1472" title="1472">1472</a>, els moros Azmet Astruch, Alí Paex i Abrahim Atech, habitants de <a href="/wiki/Xal%C3%B3" title="Xaló">Xaló</a> i les alqueries de Benibrahim (o <a href="/wiki/Benibrai" title="Benibrai">Benibrai</a>) i Rafal, respectivament, van vendre a Bernat Trilles de <a href="/wiki/X%C3%A0bia" title="Xàbia">Xàbia</a> vint quintars de pansa.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199260_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199260-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Segle_xix">Segle <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">xix</span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pansa&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la secció: Segle xix"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A mitjans del segle <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">xix</span>, la producció de pansa va experimentar un considerable augment a tota <a href="/wiki/La_Marina" title="La Marina">La Marina</a>. La causa d'aquest creixement fou la gran demanda de pansa per part del mercat <a href="/wiki/Gran_Bretanya" title="Gran Bretanya">britànic</a>. Se sol citar l'any <a href="/wiki/1818" title="1818">1818</a> com l'inici d'aquesta expansió econòmica per haver-se produït eixe any la primera pujada significativa del preu de la pansa. Si hom pensa que l'<a href="/wiki/Agricultura" title="Agricultura">agricultura</a> comercial es guia per una regla d'or segons la qual només s'ha de cultivar allò que resulte rendible, no es fa d'estranyar la massiva plantació de ceps que va començar aleshores per tota la comarca, a les envistes de proveir de raïm de <a href="/wiki/Moscatell" title="Moscatell">moscatell</a> a la que ja es perfilava com la primera indústria dels marinencs. S'encetava així el que més tard s'anomenaria "el segle de la pansa". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Segles_XX_i_XXI">Segles XX i XXI</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pansa&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la secció: Segles XX i XXI"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Elaboraci%C3%B3_de_pansa_a_Gata_de_Gorgos_%28Museu_Valenci%C3%A0_d%27Etnologia%29.webm/220px--Elaboraci%C3%B3_de_pansa_a_Gata_de_Gorgos_%28Museu_Valenci%C3%A0_d%27Etnologia%29.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="290" data-mwtitle="Elaboració_de_pansa_a_Gata_de_Gorgos_(Museu_Valencià_d'Etnologia).webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/Fitxer:Elaboraci%C3%B3_de_pansa_a_Gata_de_Gorgos_(Museu_Valenci%C3%A0_d%27Etnologia).webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Elaboraci%C3%B3_de_pansa_a_Gata_de_Gorgos_%28Museu_Valenci%C3%A0_d%27Etnologia%29.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="512" data-height="288" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/Elaboraci%C3%B3_de_pansa_a_Gata_de_Gorgos_%28Museu_Valenci%C3%A0_d%27Etnologia%29.webm/Elaboraci%C3%B3_de_pansa_a_Gata_de_Gorgos_%28Museu_Valenci%C3%A0_d%27Etnologia%29.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="512" data-height="288" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/Elaboraci%C3%B3_de_pansa_a_Gata_de_Gorgos_%28Museu_Valenci%C3%A0_d%27Etnologia%29.webm/Elaboraci%C3%B3_de_pansa_a_Gata_de_Gorgos_%28Museu_Valenci%C3%A0_d%27Etnologia%29.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/Elaboraci%C3%B3_de_pansa_a_Gata_de_Gorgos_%28Museu_Valenci%C3%A0_d%27Etnologia%29.webm/Elaboraci%C3%B3_de_pansa_a_Gata_de_Gorgos_%28Museu_Valenci%C3%A0_d%27Etnologia%29.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /></video></span><figcaption>Elaboració de la pansa a <a href="/wiki/Gata_de_Gorgos" title="Gata de Gorgos">Gata de Gorgos</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>A començaments del segle <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">xx</span>, la competència d'altres països productors, l'impacte de la plaga de la <a href="/wiki/Fil%C2%B7loxera" class="mw-redirect" title="Fil·loxera">fil·loxera</a> i un seguit de nefastes collites van suposar un dur colp per a aquest sector econòmic.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199288_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199288-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Així, a partir de la segona meitat del segle <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">xx</span> es va produir l'abandonament progressiu d'aquesta activitat agrícola a causa de la poca rendibilitat econòmica i l'emergència d'altres formes de comercialització del <a href="/wiki/Moscatell" title="Moscatell">moscatell</a> com és l'exportació a altres zones de l'Estat espanyol com a raïm de taula. A més a més, l'emergent sector del turisme als seixanta i setanta a la comarca va suposar l'abandonament definitiu primer a les zones costaneres i després cap a l'interior de la producció de pansa. </p><p>Actualment, al <a href="/wiki/Segle_XXI" title="Segle XXI">segle <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">xxi</span></a>, són comptats els casos de producció de pansa com a negoci i solament es conrea en algunes cases de la Marina més com un intent de no perdre el costum o, també, com a reclam turístic. </p><p>Si voleu veure en què consistia el procés d'escaldat del raïm de moscatell, s'explica molt bé en aquest <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vimeo.com/15421061">interessant vídeo</a> de la Fundació Cirne amb narració de Pepa Guardiola </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pansers_i_panseres">Pansers i panseres</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pansa&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la secció: Pansers i panseres"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Durant l'època en què la producció de pansa es va constituir en el motor econòmic de la Marina Alta, s'aplicava la denominació de <i>pansers</i> als jornalers que l'amo de la vinya llogava a fi que l'ajudassen en el procés de pansificació del raïm. El patró adquiria l'obligació de donar-los el dinar, que consistia generalment en una <a href="/wiki/Escalivada" title="Escalivada">escalivada</a>: tomaques, pebreres i albergínies barrejades i servides amb <a href="/wiki/Oli_d%27oliva" title="Oli d'oliva">oli d'oliva</a> i alls crus tallats ben finets; es tracta de l'especialitat gastronòmica que es coneix amb el nom de <i>mullador</i>, perquè és una vianda que es menja mullant-hi trossets de pa. </p><p>Els pansers treballaven tots els dies -fins i tot el diumenge- i rebien per la seua activitat una paga setmanal. L'any <a href="/wiki/1914" title="1914">1914</a> el jornal d'un panser era de cinc rals diaris. També hi havia dones panseres, però per la discriminació existent en aquella època cobraven un ral menys que els homes. Les panseres s'encarregaven d'escampar el raïm acabat d'escaldar sobre els <a href="/wiki/Canyissada" title="Canyissada">canyissos</a> o posar els pilonets de separació entre canyís i canyís; mai no es dedicaven a encendre o mantenir el foc que feia bullir l'aigua amb sosa de la caldera ni tampoc a girar els canyissos perquè el sol assecara el raïm de manera uniforme, que eren dues tasques que quedaven reservades per als homes pansers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Exportació"><span id="Exportaci.C3.B3"></span>Exportació</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pansa&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la secció: Exportació"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La destinació de la major part de la pansa que s'exportava era la <a href="/wiki/Gran_Bretanya" title="Gran Bretanya">Gran Bretanya</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199260_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199260-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> almenys en un principi, però posteriorment s'hi va afegir el mercat nord-americà,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985128_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985128-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> que l'any <a href="/wiki/1885" title="1885">1885</a> va desplaçar al britànic en el consum de pansa de la Marina. Aleshores, <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9nia" title="Dénia">Dénia</a> es va convertir en el port des d'on es comercialitzava la pansa de la comarca.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199287_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199287-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La ciutat vivia de i per a aquesta activitat productiva, i recuperava així una esplendor que no tenia d'ençà de l'Edat Mitjana quan havia estat la capital de la taifa homònima. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Anglaterra" title="Anglaterra">Anglaterra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estats_Units" class="mw-redirect" title="Estats Units">Estats Units</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canad%C3%A0" title="Canadà">Canadà</a> i <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7a" title="França">França</a> foren els principals mercats,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985128_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985128-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> així com els països del <a href="/wiki/Nord_d%27Europa" class="mw-redirect" title="Nord d'Europa">Nord d'Europa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199260_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199260-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La popularitat de la pansa de la Marina va fer que en l'estranger es coneguera com a <i>Valencia Raisins</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199260_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199260-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Posteriorment hi ha hagut cert declivi del cultiu de la <a href="/wiki/Vinya" title="Vinya">vinya</a>, sent substituïts els camps per <a href="/wiki/Ametler" class="mw-redirect" title="Ametler">ametlers</a> primer, i per regadius (<a href="/wiki/Taronja" title="Taronja">taronja</a> i <a href="/wiki/Pomelo" class="mw-redirect" title="Pomelo">pomelo</a>) després.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985128_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985128-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199288_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199288-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="El_procés_de_la_pansificació"><span id="El_proc.C3.A9s_de_la_pansificaci.C3.B3"></span>El procés de la pansificació</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pansa&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la secció: El procés de la pansificació"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r30997230">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Article principal: <a href="/wiki/Pansificaci%C3%B3" title="Pansificació">Pansificació</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Llocs_i_instal·lacions"><span id="Llocs_i_instal.C2.B7lacions"></span>Llocs i instal·lacions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pansa&action=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la secció: Llocs i instal·lacions"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>La vinya, on es talla el raïm de moscatell<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199241_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199241-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>El <a href="/wiki/Riurau" title="Riurau">riurau</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199289_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199289-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>El <a href="/wiki/Sequer" title="Sequer">sequer</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199272_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199272-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Les piles<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199263_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199263-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>L'estufa d'assecar la pansa<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199263_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199263-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>El fornet d'escaldar<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199263_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199263-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Operacions">Operacions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pansa&action=edit&section=10" title="Modifica la secció: Operacions"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>L'escaldà del raïm (posar la fruita dins aigua bullent<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124_3-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> -o <a href="/wiki/Lleixiu" title="Lleixiu">lleixiu</a>-<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> perquè no es corque o perquè prenga la consistència que pertoca per a la seua conservació)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199267_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199267-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>L'estesa sobre els canyissos, les dones "escampadores" repartixen el raïm acabat d'escaldar sobre el canyís</li> <li>La girada del raïm, siga de forma manual o amb les gafes. Mínim dues vegades.</li> <li>La tria de la pansa.</li> <li>La posada en cabassos de llata.</li> <li>Portada al magatzem o a la cambra de casa per a una correcta conservació.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ferramentes">Ferramentes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pansa&action=edit&section=11" title="Modifica la secció: Ferramentes"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>El cossi per fer el lleixiu<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199264_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199264-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>La cassa</li> <li>La casseta<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199263_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199263-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>El canyís</li> <li>Els pilonets, daus, tarugos o tarumbets</li> <li>Les gafes</li> <li>La caldera d'escaldar, siga de ferro o coure<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199267_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199267-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Les veles</li> <li>Els bous o serandes</li> <li>Els llistons</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vegeu_també"><span id="Vegeu_tamb.C3.A9"></span>Vegeu també</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pansa&action=edit&section=12" title="Modifica la secció: Vegeu també"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pansa_de_Corint" title="Pansa de Corint">Pansa de Corint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_d%E2%80%99Interpretaci%C3%B3_de_la_Cultura_de_la_Pansa" title="Centre d’Interpretació de la Cultura de la Pansa">Centre d’Interpretació de la Cultura de la Pansa</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pansa&action=edit&section=13" title="Modifica la secció: Bibliografia"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFCucóGregoriLlop1985"><a href="/wiki/Josepa_Cuc%C3%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Josepa Cucó"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Cucó</span>, Josepa</a>; <a href="/wiki/Joan_Gregori_Albiol" title="Joan Gregori Albiol"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Gregori</span>, Joan</a>; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Llop</span>, Francesc. <i>Bosc i Muntanya, Indústria tradicional, Comerç i serveis</i>.  València: <a href="/wiki/Instituci%C3%B3_Alfons_el_Magn%C3%A0nim" class="mw-redirect" title="Institució Alfons el Magnànim">Institució Alfons el Magnànim</a>, 1985, p. 349 (Temes d'Etnografia Valenciana, tercer volum). <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/84-00-06083-0" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/84-00-06083-0">ISBN 84-00-06083-0</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bosc+i+Muntanya%2C+Ind%C3%BAstria+tradicional%2C+Comer%C3%A7+i+serveis&rft.aulast=Cuc%C3%B3&rft.aufirst=Josepa&rft.date=1985&rft.pub=%5B%5BInstituci%C3%B3+Alfons+el+Magn%C3%A0nim%5D%5D&rft.place=Val%C3%A8ncia&rft.pages=349&rft.series=Temes+d%27Etnografia+Valenciana%2C+tercer+volum&rft.isbn=84-00-06083-0"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFCabera_González1992"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Cabera González</span>, María Rosario. <i>El conreu de la Vinya i l'elaboració de la pansa a la comarca de la Marina</i>.  Alacant: Institut de Cultura "Juan Gil-Albert" - <a href="/wiki/Diputaci%C3%B3_d%27Alacant" title="Diputació d'Alacant">Diputació d'Alacant</a>, 1992, p. 100 (Quaderns d'Etnografia). <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/84-7784-916-1" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/84-7784-916-1">ISBN 84-7784-916-1</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=El+conreu+de+la+Vinya+i+l%27elaboraci%C3%B3+de+la+pansa+a+la+comarca+de+la+Marina&rft.aulast=Cabera+Gonz%C3%A1lez&rft.aufirst=Mar%C3%ADa+Rosario&rft.date=1992&rft.pub=Institut+de+Cultura+%22Juan+Gil-Albert%22+-+%5B%5BDiputaci%C3%B3+d%27Alacant%5D%5D&rft.place=Alacant&rft.pages=100&rft.series=Quaderns+d%27Etnografia&rft.isbn=84-7784-916-1"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referències"><span id="Refer.C3.A8ncies"></span>Referències</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pansa&action=edit&section=14" title="Modifica la secció: Referències"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFAlcoverMoll1930-1962"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Alcover</span>, Antoni M.; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Moll</span>, Francesc de B. «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dcvb.iec.cat/results.asp?word=atzebib">atzebib</a>». A: <i><a href="/wiki/Diccionari_catal%C3%A0-valenci%C3%A0-balear" title="Diccionari català-valencià-balear">Diccionari català-valencià-balear</a></i>.  Palma: Moll, 1930-1962. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/8427300255" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/8427300255">ISBN 8427300255</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%5B%5BDiccionari+catal%C3%A0-valenci%C3%A0-balear%5D%5D&rft.atitle=atzebib&rft.aulast=Alcover&rft.aufirst=Antoni+M.&rft.date=1930-1962&rft.pub=Moll&rft.place=Palma&rft.isbn=8427300255"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199259-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199259_2-0">2,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199259_2-1">2,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199259_2-2">2,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCabrera1992">Cabrera, 1992</a>, p. 59.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124_3-0">3,00</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124_3-1">3,01</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124_3-2">3,02</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124_3-3">3,03</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124_3-4">3,04</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124_3-5">3,05</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124_3-6">3,06</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124_3-7">3,07</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124_3-8">3,08</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985124_3-9">3,09</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985">Cucó, Gregori i Llop, 1985</a>, p. 124.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199260-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199260_4-0">4,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199260_4-1">4,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199260_4-2">4,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199260_4-3">4,3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCabrera1992">Cabrera, 1992</a>, p. 60.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199288-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199288_5-0">5,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199288_5-1">5,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCabrera1992">Cabrera, 1992</a>, p. 88.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985128-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985128_6-0">6,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985128_6-1">6,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985128_6-2">6,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCucó,_Gregori_i_Llop1985">Cucó, Gregori i Llop, 1985</a>, p. 128.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199287-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199287_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCabrera1992">Cabrera, 1992</a>, p. 87.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199241-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199241_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCabrera1992">Cabrera, 1992</a>, p. 41.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199289-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199289_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCabrera1992">Cabrera, 1992</a>, p. 89.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199272-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199272_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCabrera1992">Cabrera, 1992</a>, p. 72.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199263-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199263_11-0">11,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199263_11-1">11,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199263_11-2">11,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199263_11-3">11,3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCabrera1992">Cabrera, 1992</a>, p. 63.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.raco.cat/index.php/RecerquesMuseuAlcoi/article/viewFile/260403/347575">Usos tradicionals de la muntanya de la Marina. Inventari i estudi etnoarqueològic dels forns de calç de Benissa</a> Teodoro Crespo Mas</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199267-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199267_13-0">13,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199267_13-1">13,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCabrera1992">Cabrera, 1992</a>, p. 67.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECabrera199264-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabrera199264_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCabrera1992">Cabrera, 1992</a>, p. 64.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="right" style="margin:5px; padding: 5px; border:1px solid #aaaaaa; text-align:left;" class="infobox noprint plainlinks"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%">En altres projectes de <a href="/wiki/Fundaci%C3%B3_Wikimedia" title="Fundació Wikimedia">Wikimedia</a>: </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Commons"><img alt="Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption>Commons</figcaption></figure></td> <td><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Raisin" class="extiw" title="commons:Raisin"><b>Commons</b></a><span style="font-size:70%;"> (Galeria)</span> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13186?uselang=ca#sitelinks-special" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Commons"><img alt="Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" 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