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Khayat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work is a comparative study on the effect of Delaunay triangulation algorithms on discretization error for conduction-convection conservation problems. A structured triangulation and many unstructured Delaunay triangulations using three popular algorithms for node placement strategies are used. The numerical method employed is the vertex-centered finite volume method. It is found that when the computational domain can be meshed using a structured triangulation, the discretization error is lower for structured triangulations compared to unstructured ones for only low Peclet number values, i.e. when conduction is dominant. However, as the Peclet number is increased and convection becomes more significant, the unstructured triangulations reduce the discretization error. Also, no statistical correlation between triangulation angle extremums and the discretization error is found using 200 samples of randomly generated Delaunay and non-Delaunay triangulations. Thus, the angle extremums cannot be an indicator of the discretization error on their own and need to be combined with other triangulation quality measures, which is the subject of further studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conduction-convection%20problems" title="conduction-convection problems">conduction-convection problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Delaunay%20triangulation" title=" Delaunay triangulation"> Delaunay triangulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discretization%20error" title=" discretization error"> discretization error</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20volume%20method" title=" finite volume method"> finite volume method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160959/delaunay-triangulations-efficiency-for-conduction-convection-problems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160959.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">108</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">105</span> A Posteriori Analysis of the Spectral Element Discretization of Heat Equation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chor%20Nejmeddine">Chor Nejmeddine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ines%20Ben%20Omrane"> Ines Ben Omrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Abdelwahed"> Mohamed Abdelwahed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we present a posteriori analysis of the discretization of the heat equation by spectral element method. We apply Euler's implicit scheme in time and spectral method in space. We propose two families of error indicators, both of which are built from the residual of the equation and we prove that they satisfy some optimal estimates. We present some numerical results which are coherent with the theoretical ones. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20equation" title="heat equation">heat equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectral%20elements%20discretization" title=" spectral elements discretization"> spectral elements discretization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=error%20indicators" title=" error indicators"> error indicators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Euler" title=" Euler"> Euler</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4041/a-posteriori-analysis-of-the-spectral-element-discretization-of-heat-equation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4041.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">315</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">104</span> On the Volume of Ganglion Cell Stimulation in Visual Prostheses by Finite Element Discretization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diego%20Luj%C3%A1n%20Villarreal">Diego Luján Villarreal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Visual prostheses are designed to repair some eyesight in patients blinded by photoreceptor diseases, such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Electrode-to-cell proximity has drawn attention due to its implications on secure single-localized stimulation. Yet, few techniques are available for understanding the relationship between the number of cells activated and the current injection. We propose an answering technique by solving the governing equation for time-dependent electrical currents using finite element discretization to obtain the volume of stimulation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20prosthetic%20devices" title="visual prosthetic devices">visual prosthetic devices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=volume%20for%20stimulation" title=" volume for stimulation"> volume for stimulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FEM%20discretization" title=" FEM discretization"> FEM discretization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20simulation" title=" 3D simulation"> 3D simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162034/on-the-volume-of-ganglion-cell-stimulation-in-visual-prostheses-by-finite-element-discretization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162034.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">103</span> On the Blocked-off Finite-Volume Radiation Solutions in a Two-Dimensional Enclosure</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gyo%20Woo%20Lee">Gyo Woo Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Man%20Young%20Kim"> Man Young Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The blocked-off formulations for the analysis of radiative heat transfer are formulated and examined in order to find the solutions in a two-dimensional complex enclosure. The final discretization equations using the step scheme for spatial differencing practice are proposed with the additional source term to incorporate the blocked-off procedure. After introducing the implementation for inactive region into the general discretization equation, three different problems are examined to find the performance of the solution methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiative%20heat%20transfer" title="radiative heat transfer">radiative heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Finite%20Volume%20Method%20%28FVM%29" title=" Finite Volume Method (FVM)"> Finite Volume Method (FVM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blocked-off%20solution%20procedure" title=" blocked-off solution procedure"> blocked-off solution procedure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body-fitted%20coordinate" title=" body-fitted coordinate"> body-fitted coordinate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19872/on-the-blocked-off-finite-volume-radiation-solutions-in-a-two-dimensional-enclosure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19872.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">298</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">102</span> A Comparison Between Different Discretization Techniques for the Doyle-Fuller-Newman Li+ Battery Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Davide%20Gotti">Davide Gotti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Milan%20Prodanovic"> Milan Prodanovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sergio%20Pinilla"> Sergio Pinilla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Mu%C3%B1oz-Torrero"> David Muñoz-Torrero</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since its proposal, the Doyle-Fuller-Newman (DFN) lithium-ion battery model has gained popularity in the electrochemical field. In fact, this model provides the user with theoretical support for designing the lithium-ion battery parameters, such as the material particle or the diffusion coefficient adjustment direction. However, the model is mathematically complex as it is composed of several partial differential equations (PDEs) such as Fick’s law of diffusion, the MacInnes and Ohm’s equations, among other phenomena. Thus, to efficiently use the model in a time-domain simulation environment, the selection of the discretization technique is of a pivotal importance. There are several numerical methods available in the literature that can be used to carry out this task. In this study, a comparison between the explicit Euler, Crank-Nicolson, and Chebyshev discretization methods is proposed. These three methods are compared in terms of accuracy, stability, and computational times. Firstly, the explicit Euler discretization technique is analyzed. This method is straightforward to implement and is computationally fast. In this work, the accuracy of the method and its stability properties are shown for the electrolyte diffusion partial differential equation. Subsequently, the Crank-Nicolson method is considered. It represents a combination of the implicit and explicit Euler methods that has the advantage of being of the second order in time and is intrinsically stable, thus overcoming the disadvantages of the simpler Euler explicit method. As shown in the full paper, the Crank-Nicolson method provides accurate results when applied to the DFN model. Its stability does not depend on the integration time step, thus it is feasible for both short- and long-term tests. This last remark is particularly important as this discretization technique would allow the user to implement parameter estimation and optimization techniques such as system or genetic parameter identification methods using this model. Finally, the Chebyshev discretization technique is implemented in the DFN model. This discretization method features swift convergence properties and, as other spectral methods used to solve differential equations, achieves the same accuracy with a smaller number of discretization nodes. However, as shown in the literature, these methods are not suitable for handling sharp gradients, which are common during the first instants of the charge and discharge phases of the battery. The numerical results obtained and presented in this study aim to provide the guidelines on how to select the adequate discretization technique for the DFN model according to the type of application to be performed, highlighting the pros and cons of the three methods. Specifically, the non-eligibility of the simple Euler method for longterm tests will be presented. Afterwards, the Crank-Nicolson and the Chebyshev discretization methods will be compared in terms of accuracy and computational times under a wide range of battery operating scenarios. These include both long-term simulations for aging tests, and short- and mid-term battery charge/discharge cycles, typically relevant in battery applications like grid primary frequency and inertia control and electrical vehicle breaking and acceleration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Doyle-Fuller-Newman%20battery%20model" title="Doyle-Fuller-Newman battery model">Doyle-Fuller-Newman battery model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partial%20differential%20equations" title=" partial differential equations"> partial differential equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discretization" title=" discretization"> discretization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20methods" title=" numerical methods"> numerical methods</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190331/a-comparison-between-different-discretization-techniques-for-the-doyle-fuller-newman-li-battery-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190331.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">33</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">101</span> Data Centers’ Temperature Profile Simulation Optimized by Finite Elements and Discretization Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jos%C3%A9%20Alberto%20Garc%C3%ADa%20Fern%C3%A1ndez">José Alberto García Fernández</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhimin%20Du"> Zhimin Du</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xinqiao%20Jin"> Xinqiao Jin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, data center industry faces strong challenges for increasing the speed and data processing capacities while at the same time is trying to keep their devices a suitable working temperature without penalizing that capacity. Consequently, the cooling systems of this kind of facilities use a large amount of energy to dissipate the heat generated inside the servers, and developing new cooling techniques or perfecting those already existing would be a great advance in this type of industry. The installation of a temperature sensor matrix distributed in the structure of each server would provide the necessary information for collecting the required data for obtaining a temperature profile instantly inside them. However, the number of temperature probes required to obtain the temperature profiles with sufficient accuracy is very high and expensive. Therefore, other less intrusive techniques are employed where each point that characterizes the server temperature profile is obtained by solving differential equations through simulation methods, simplifying data collection techniques but increasing the time to obtain results. In order to reduce these calculation times, complicated and slow computational fluid dynamics simulations are replaced by simpler and faster finite element method simulations which solve the Burgers‘ equations by backward, forward and central discretization techniques after simplifying the energy and enthalpy conservation differential equations. The discretization methods employed for solving the first and second order derivatives of the obtained Burgers‘ equation after these simplifications are the key for obtaining results with greater or lesser accuracy regardless of the characteristic truncation error. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Burgers%27%20equations" title="Burgers' equations">Burgers' equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD%20simulation" title=" CFD simulation"> CFD simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20center" title=" data center"> data center</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discretization%20methods" title=" discretization methods"> discretization methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FEM%20simulation" title=" FEM simulation"> FEM simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature%20profile" title=" temperature profile"> temperature profile</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127455/data-centers-temperature-profile-simulation-optimized-by-finite-elements-and-discretization-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127455.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">100</span> A New Approach to the Digital Implementation of Analog Controllers for a Power System Control</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Shabib">G. Shabib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esam%20H.%20Abd-Elhameed"> Esam H. Abd-Elhameed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Magdy"> G. Magdy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a comparison of discrete time PID, PSS controllers is presented through small signal stability of power system comprising of one machine connected to infinite bus system. This comparison achieved by using a new approach of discretization which converts the S-domain model of analog controllers to a Z-domain model to enhance the damping of a single machine power system. The new method utilizes the Plant Input Mapping (PIM) algorithm. The proposed algorithm is stable for any sampling rate, as well as it takes the closed loop characteristic into consideration. On the other hand, the traditional discretization methods such as Tustin’s method is produce satisfactory results only; when the sampling period is sufficiently low. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PSS" title="PSS">PSS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20system%20stabilizer%20PID" title=" power system stabilizer PID"> power system stabilizer PID</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proportional-integral-derivative%20PIM" title=" proportional-integral-derivative PIM"> proportional-integral-derivative PIM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plant%20input%20mapping" title=" plant input mapping"> plant input mapping</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14891/a-new-approach-to-the-digital-implementation-of-analog-controllers-for-a-power-system-control" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14891.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">513</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">99</span> Dynamic Relaxation and Isogeometric Analysis for Finite Deformation Elastic Sheets with Combined Bending and Stretching</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nikhil%20%20Padhye">Nikhil Padhye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ellen%20%20Kintz"> Ellen Kintz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dan%20%20Dorci"> Dan Dorci</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recent years have seen a rising interest in study and applications of materially uniform thin-structures (plates/shells) subject to finite-bending and stretching deformations. We introduce a well-posed 2D-model involving finite-bending and stretching of thin-structures to approximate the three-dimensional equilibria. Key features of this approach include: Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS)-based spatial discretization for finite elements, method of dynamic relaxation to predict stable equilibria, and no a priori kinematic assumption on the deformation fields. The approach is validated against the benchmark problems,and the use of NURBS for spatial discretization facilitates exact spatial representation and computation of curvatures (due to C1-continuity of interpolated displacements) for this higher-order accuracy 2D-model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isogeometric%20Analysis" title="Isogeometric Analysis">Isogeometric Analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Plates%2FShells" title=" Plates/Shells "> Plates/Shells </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Finite%20Element%20Methods" title=" Finite Element Methods"> Finite Element Methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dynamic%20Relaxation" title=" Dynamic Relaxation"> Dynamic Relaxation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123757/dynamic-relaxation-and-isogeometric-analysis-for-finite-deformation-elastic-sheets-with-combined-bending-and-stretching" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123757.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">171</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">98</span> A Look at the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules from the Discrete Morse Theory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dairo%20Jose%20Hernandez%20Paez">Dairo Jose Hernandez Paez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) allows us to obtain topological information on electronic density in quantum mechanical systems. The QTAIM starts by considering the electron density as a continuous mathematical object. On the other hand, the discretization of electron density is also a mathematical object, which, from discrete mathematics, would allow a new approach to its topological study. From this point of view, it is necessary to develop a series of steps that provide the theoretical support that guarantees its application. Some of the steps that we consider most important are mentioned below: (1) obtain good representations of the electron density through computational calculations, (2) design a methodology for the discretization of electron density, and construct the simplicial complex. (3) Make an analysis of the discrete vector field associating the simplicial complex. (4) Finally, in this research, we propose to use the discrete Morse theory as a mathematical tool to carry out studies of electron density topology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20mathematics" title="discrete mathematics">discrete mathematics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Discrete%20Morse%20theory" title=" Discrete Morse theory"> Discrete Morse theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electronic%20density" title=" electronic density"> electronic density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20calculations" title=" computational calculations"> computational calculations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163354/a-look-at-the-quantum-theory-of-atoms-in-molecules-from-the-discrete-morse-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163354.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">97</span> TessPy – Spatial Tessellation Made Easy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonas%20Hamann">Jonas Hamann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siavash%20Saki"> Siavash Saki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tobias%20Hagen"> Tobias Hagen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Discretization of urban areas is a crucial aspect in many spatial analyses. The process of discretization of space into subspaces without overlaps and gaps is called tessellation. It helps understanding spatial space and provides a framework for analyzing geospatial data. Tessellation methods can be divided into two groups: regular tessellations and irregular tessellations. While regular tessellation methods, like squares-grids or hexagons-grids, are suitable for addressing pure geometry problems, they cannot take the unique characteristics of different subareas into account. However, irregular tessellation methods allow the border between the subareas to be defined more realistically based on urban features like a road network or Points of Interest (POI). Even though Python is one of the most used programming languages when it comes to spatial analysis, there is currently no library that combines different tessellation methods to enable users and researchers to compare different techniques. To close this gap, we are proposing TessPy, an open-source Python package, which combines all above-mentioned tessellation methods and makes them easily accessible to everyone. The core functions of TessPy represent the five different tessellation methods: squares, hexagons, adaptive squares, Voronoi polygons, and city blocks. By using regular methods, users can set the resolution of the tessellation which defines the finesse of the discretization and the desired number of tiles. Irregular tessellation methods allow users to define which spatial data to consider (e.g., amenity, building, office) and how fine the tessellation should be. The spatial data used is open-source and provided by OpenStreetMap. This data can be easily extracted and used for further analyses. Besides the methodology of the different techniques, the state-of-the-art, including examples and future work, will be discussed. All dependencies can be installed using conda or pip; however, the former is more recommended. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geospatial%20data%20science" title="geospatial data science">geospatial data science</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geospatial%20data%20analysis" title=" geospatial data analysis"> geospatial data analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tessellations" title=" tessellations"> tessellations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20studies" title=" urban studies"> urban studies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148351/tesspy-spatial-tessellation-made-easy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148351.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">96</span> An Agent-Based Modelling Simulation Approach to Calculate Processing Delay of GEO Satellite Payload</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Vicente%20E.%20Mujica">V. Vicente E. Mujica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gustavo%20Gonzalez"> Gustavo Gonzalez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The global coverage of broadband multimedia and internet-based services in terrestrial-satellite networks demand particular interests for satellite providers in order to enhance services with low latencies and high signal quality to diverse users. In particular, the delay of on-board processing is an inherent source of latency in a satellite communication that sometimes is discarded for the end-to-end delay of the satellite link. The frame work for this paper includes modelling of an on-orbit satellite payload using an agent model that can reproduce the properties of processing delays. In essence, a comparison of different spatial interpolation methods is carried out to evaluate physical data obtained by an GEO satellite in order to define a discretization function for determining that delay. Furthermore, the performance of the proposed agent and the development of a delay discretization function are together validated by simulating an hybrid satellite and terrestrial network. Simulation results show high accuracy according to the characteristics of initial data points of processing delay for Ku bands. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=terrestrial-satellite%20networks" title="terrestrial-satellite networks">terrestrial-satellite networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=latency" title=" latency"> latency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=on-orbit%20satellite%20payload" title=" on-orbit satellite payload"> on-orbit satellite payload</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72448/an-agent-based-modelling-simulation-approach-to-calculate-processing-delay-of-geo-satellite-payload" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72448.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">277</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">95</span> Coupling of Two Discretization Schemes for the Lattice Boltzmann Equation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tobias%20Horstmann">Tobias Horstmann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20Le%20Garrec"> Thomas Le Garrec</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel-Ciprian%20Mincu"> Daniel-Ciprian Mincu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanuel%20L%C3%A9v%C3%AAque"> Emmanuel Lévêque</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite the efficiency and low dissipation of the stream-collide formulation of the Lattice Boltzmann (LB) algorithm, which is nowadays implemented in many commercial LBM solvers, there are certain situations, e.g. mesh transition, in which a classical finite-volume or finite-difference formulation of the LB algorithm still bear advantages. In this paper, we present an algorithm that combines the node-based streaming of the distribution functions with a second-order finite volume discretization of the advection term of the BGK-LB equation on a uniform D2Q9 lattice. It is shown that such a coupling is possible for a multi-domain approach as long as the overlap, or buffer zone, between two domains, is achieved on at least 2Δx. This also implies that a direct coupling (without buffer zone) of a stream-collide and finite-volume LB algorithm on a single grid is not stable. The critical parameter in the coupling is the CFL number equal to 1 that is imposed by the stream-collide algorithm. Nevertheless, an explicit filtering step on the finite-volume domain can stabilize the solution. In a further investigation, we demonstrate how such a coupling can be used for mesh transition, resulting in an intrinsic conservation of mass over the interface. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=algorithm%20coupling" title="algorithm coupling">algorithm coupling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20volume%20formulation" title=" finite volume formulation"> finite volume formulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grid%20refinement" title=" grid refinement"> grid refinement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lattice%20Boltzmann%20method" title=" Lattice Boltzmann method"> Lattice Boltzmann method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61400/coupling-of-two-discretization-schemes-for-the-lattice-boltzmann-equation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61400.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">384</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">94</span> Parametric Analysis of Lumped Devices Modeling Using Finite-Difference Time-Domain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felipe%20M.%20de%20Freitas">Felipe M. de Freitas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Icaro%20V.%20Soares"> Icaro V. Soares</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucas%20L.%20L.%20Fortes"> Lucas L. L. Fortes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandro%20T.%20M.%20Gon%C3%A7alves"> Sandro T. M. Gonçalves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%9Arsula%20D.%20C.%20Resende"> Úrsula D. C. Resende</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The SPICE-based simulators are quite robust and widely used for simulation of electronic circuits, their algorithms support linear and non-linear lumped components and they can manipulate an expressive amount of encapsulated elements. Despite the great potential of these simulators based on SPICE in the analysis of quasi-static electromagnetic field interaction, that is, at low frequency, these simulators are limited when applied to microwave hybrid circuits in which there are both lumped and distributed elements. Usually the spatial discretization of the FDTD (Finite-Difference Time-Domain) method is done according to the actual size of the element under analysis. After spatial discretization, the Courant Stability Criterion calculates the maximum temporal discretization accepted for such spatial discretization and for the propagation velocity of the wave. This criterion guarantees the stability conditions for the leapfrogging of the Yee algorithm; however, it is known that for the field update, the stability of the complete FDTD procedure depends on factors other than just the stability of the Yee algorithm, because the FDTD program needs other algorithms in order to be useful in engineering problems. Examples of these algorithms are Absorbent Boundary Conditions (ABCs), excitation sources, subcellular techniques, grouped elements, and non-uniform or non-orthogonal meshes. In this work, the influence of the stability of the FDTD method in the modeling of concentrated elements such as resistive sources, resistors, capacitors, inductors and diode will be evaluated. In this paper is proposed, therefore, the electromagnetic modeling of electronic components in order to create models that satisfy the needs for simulations of circuits in ultra-wide frequencies. The models of the resistive source, the resistor, the capacitor, the inductor, and the diode will be evaluated, among the mathematical models for lumped components in the LE-FDTD method (Lumped-Element Finite-Difference Time-Domain), through the parametric analysis of Yee cells size which discretizes the lumped components. In this way, it is sought to find an ideal cell size so that the analysis in FDTD environment is in greater agreement with the expected circuit behavior, maintaining the stability conditions of this method. Based on the mathematical models and the theoretical basis of the required extensions of the FDTD method, the computational implementation of the models in Matlab® environment is carried out. The boundary condition Mur is used as the absorbing boundary of the FDTD method. The validation of the model is done through the comparison between the obtained results by the FDTD method through the electric field values and the currents in the components, and the analytical results using circuit parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20circuits" title="hybrid circuits">hybrid circuits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LE-FDTD" title=" LE-FDTD"> LE-FDTD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lumped%20element" title=" lumped element"> lumped element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parametric%20analysis" title=" parametric analysis"> parametric analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107123/parametric-analysis-of-lumped-devices-modeling-using-finite-difference-time-domain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107123.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">157</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">93</span> Chatter Prediction of Curved Thin-walled Parts Considering Variation of Dynamic Characteristics Based on Acoustic Signals Acquisition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Damous%20Mohamed">Damous Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeroudi%20Nasredine"> Zeroudi Nasredine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> High-speed milling of thin-walled parts with complex curvilinear profiles often encounters machining instability, commonly referred to as chatter. This phenomenon arises due to the dynamic interaction between the cutting tool and the part, exacerbated by the part's low rigidity and varying dynamic characteristics along the tool path. This research presents a dynamic model specifically developed to predict machining stability for such curved thin-walled components. The model employs the semi-discretization method, segmenting the tool trajectory into small, straight elements to locally approximate the behavior of an inclined plane. Dynamic characteristics for each segment are extracted through experimental modal analysis and incorporated into the simulation model to generate global stability lobe diagrams. Validation of the model is conducted through cutting tests where acoustic intensity is measured to detect instabilities. The experimental data align closely with the predicted stability limits, confirming the model's accuracy and effectiveness. This work provides a comprehensive approach to enhancing machining stability predictions, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of high-speed milling operations for thin-walled parts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chatter" title="chatter">chatter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curved%20thin-walled%20part" title=" curved thin-walled part"> curved thin-walled part</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semi-discretization%20method" title=" semi-discretization method"> semi-discretization method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability%20lobe%20diagrams" title=" stability lobe diagrams"> stability lobe diagrams</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190548/chatter-prediction-of-curved-thin-walled-parts-considering-variation-of-dynamic-characteristics-based-on-acoustic-signals-acquisition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190548.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">33</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">92</span> An Efficient Backward Semi-Lagrangian Scheme for Nonlinear Advection-Diffusion Equation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soyoon%20Bak">Soyoon Bak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunyoung%20Bu"> Sunyoung Bu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philsu%20Kim"> Philsu Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a backward semi-Lagrangian scheme combined with the second-order backward difference formula is designed to calculate the numerical solutions of nonlinear advection-diffusion equations. The primary aims of this paper are to remove any iteration process and to get an efficient algorithm with the convergence order of accuracy 2 in time. In order to achieve these objects, we use the second-order central finite difference and the B-spline approximations of degree 2 and 3 in order to approximate the diffusion term and the spatial discretization, respectively. For the temporal discretization, the second order backward difference formula is applied. To calculate the numerical solution of the starting point of the characteristic curves, we use the error correction methodology developed by the authors recently. The proposed algorithm turns out to be completely iteration-free, which resolves the main weakness of the conventional backward semi-Lagrangian method. Also, the adaptability of the proposed method is indicated by numerical simulations for Burgers’ equations. Throughout these numerical simulations, it is shown that the numerical results are in good agreement with the analytic solution and the present scheme offer better accuracy in comparison with other existing numerical schemes. Semi-Lagrangian method, iteration-free method, nonlinear advection-diffusion equation, second-order backward difference formula <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Semi-Lagrangian%20method" title="Semi-Lagrangian method">Semi-Lagrangian method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iteration%20free%20method" title=" iteration free method"> iteration free method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20advection-diffusion%20equation" title=" nonlinear advection-diffusion equation"> nonlinear advection-diffusion equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=second-order%20backward%20difference%20formula" title=" second-order backward difference formula"> second-order backward difference formula</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12922/an-efficient-backward-semi-lagrangian-scheme-for-nonlinear-advection-diffusion-equation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12922.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">330</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">91</span> Method to Find a ε-Optimal Control of Stochastic Differential Equation Driven by a Brownian Motion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francys%20Souza">Francys Souza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alberto%20Ohashi"> Alberto Ohashi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dorival%20Leao"> Dorival Leao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We present a general solution for finding the ε-optimal controls for non-Markovian stochastic systems as stochastic differential equations driven by Brownian motion, which is a problem recognized as a difficult solution. The contribution appears in the development of mathematical tools to deal with modeling and control of non-Markovian systems, whose applicability in different areas is well known. The methodology used consists to discretize the problem through a random discretization. In this way, we transform an infinite dimensional problem in a finite dimensional, thereafter we use measurable selection arguments, to find a control on an explicit form for the discretized problem. Then, we prove the control found for the discretized problem is a ε-optimal control for the original problem. Our theory provides a concrete description of a rather general class, among the principals, we can highlight financial problems such as portfolio control, hedging, super-hedging, pairs-trading and others. Therefore, our main contribution is the development of a tool to explicitly the ε-optimal control for non-Markovian stochastic systems. The pathwise analysis was made through a random discretization jointly with measurable selection arguments, has provided us with a structure to transform an infinite dimensional problem into a finite dimensional. The theory is applied to stochastic control problems based on path-dependent stochastic differential equations, where both drift and diffusion components are controlled. We are able to explicitly show optimal control with our method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20programming%20equation" title="dynamic programming equation">dynamic programming equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20control" title=" optimal control"> optimal control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20control" title=" stochastic control"> stochastic control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20differential%20equation" title=" stochastic differential equation"> stochastic differential equation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94746/method-to-find-a-e-optimal-control-of-stochastic-differential-equation-driven-by-a-brownian-motion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94746.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">201</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">90</span> I Feel Pretty: Using Discretization to Unpack Gender Disparity in Musical Theatre - A Study of Leonard Bernstein’s West Side Story</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erin%20McKellar">Erin McKellar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Narelle%20Yeo"> Narelle Yeo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gender disparity can be found in the representation of the female characters in Leonard Bernstein’s musical West Side Story. As a postmodern composer, Bernstein was open about his social activism, yet did not consider his compositional portrayal of female characters as part of that activism. Using discretization as an analysis tool, this thesis explores the melodic contours of male and female songs in West Side Story to show differences in complexity between male and female characterisation. The analysis explores the intervallic relationship between the vocal line and melodic color in relation to the accompaniment harmony, taking into consideration the use of consonance and dissonance. West Side Story is commonly known for its distinct use of the tritone motif and its inherent dissonance. It is evident when reviewing the findings of this study that there is a distinct disparity between male-led and female-led music. The male-led numbers consistently adhere to a dissonant aesthetic with the tritone motif implemented in all of the extracted songs. By contrast, the female songs remain consonant with simple intervallic movements. By examining the results of this study through the lens of Equality Feminism, this thesis finds that Bernstein has simplified the characterisations of the female leads. The thesis further proposes that without cognisant consideration of the compositional portrayal of women, the musical theatre will continue to reinforce gender stereotypes, as evident through this study of Bernstein’s West Side Story. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music%20theatre" title="music theatre">music theatre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20bias" title=" gender bias"> gender bias</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composition" title=" composition"> composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leonard%20Bernstein" title=" Leonard Bernstein"> Leonard Bernstein</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144878/i-feel-pretty-using-discretization-to-unpack-gender-disparity-in-musical-theatre-a-study-of-leonard-bernsteins-west-side-story" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144878.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">89</span> Performance Comparison and Visualization of COMSOL Multiphysics, Matlab, and Fortran for Predicting the Reservoir Pressure on Oil Production in a Multiple Leases Reservoir with Boundary Element Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Alias">N. Alias</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Z.%20W.%20Muhammad"> W. Z. W. Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20N.%20M.%20Ibrahim"> M. N. M. Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Mohamed"> M. Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20F.%20S.%20Saipol"> H. F. S. Saipol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=U.%20N.%20Z.%20Ariffin"> U. N. Z. Ariffin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20A.%20Zakaria"> N. A. Zakaria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Z.%20Suardi"> M. S. Z. Suardi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the performance comparison of some computation software for solving the boundary element method (BEM). BEM formulation is the numerical technique and high potential for solving the advance mathematical modeling to predict the production of oil well in arbitrarily shaped based on multiple leases reservoir. The limitation of data validation for ensuring that a program meets the accuracy of the mathematical modeling is considered as the research motivation of this paper. Thus, based on this limitation, there are three steps involved to validate the accuracy of the oil production simulation process. In the first step, identify the mathematical modeling based on partial differential equation (PDE) with Poisson-elliptic type to perform the BEM discretization. In the second step, implement the simulation of the 2D BEM discretization using COMSOL Multiphysic and MATLAB programming languages. In the last step, analyze the numerical performance indicators for both programming languages by using the validation of Fortran programming. The performance comparisons of numerical analysis are investigated in terms of percentage error, comparison graph and 2D visualization of pressure on oil production of multiple leases reservoir. According to the performance comparison, the structured programming in Fortran programming is the alternative software for implementing the accurate numerical simulation of BEM. As a conclusion, high-level language for numerical computation and numerical performance evaluation are satisfied to prove that Fortran is well suited for capturing the visualization of the production of oil well in arbitrarily shaped. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20comparison" title="performance comparison">performance comparison</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2D%20visualization" title=" 2D visualization"> 2D visualization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COMSOL%20multiphysic" title=" COMSOL multiphysic"> COMSOL multiphysic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MATLAB" title=" MATLAB"> MATLAB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fortran" title=" Fortran"> Fortran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modelling%20and%20simulation" title=" modelling and simulation"> modelling and simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boundary%20element%20method" title=" boundary element method"> boundary element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reservoir%20pressure" title=" reservoir pressure"> reservoir pressure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34966/performance-comparison-and-visualization-of-comsol-multiphysics-matlab-and-fortran-for-predicting-the-reservoir-pressure-on-oil-production-in-a-multiple-leases-reservoir-with-boundary-element-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34966.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">496</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">88</span> Regularized Euler Equations for Incompressible Two-Phase Flow Simulations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Teng%20Li">Teng Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamran%20Mohseni"> Kamran Mohseni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an inviscid regularization technique for the incompressible two-phase flow simulations. This technique is known as observable method due to the understanding of observability that any feature smaller than the actual resolution (physical or numerical), i.e., the size of wire in hotwire anemometry or the grid size in numerical simulations, is not able to be captured or observed. Differ from most regularization techniques that applies on the numerical discretization, the observable method is employed at PDE level during the derivation of equations. Difficulties in the simulation and analysis of realistic fluid flow often result from discontinuities (or near-discontinuities) in the calculated fluid properties or state. Accurately capturing these discontinuities is especially crucial when simulating flows involving shocks, turbulence or sharp interfaces. Over the past several years, the properties of this new regularization technique have been investigated that show the capability of simultaneously regularizing shocks and turbulence. The observable method has been performed on the direct numerical simulations of shocks and turbulence where the discontinuities are successfully regularized and flow features are well captured. In the current paper, the observable method will be extended to two-phase interfacial flows. Multiphase flows share the similar features with shocks and turbulence that is the nonlinear irregularity caused by the nonlinear terms in the governing equations, namely, Euler equations. In the direct numerical simulation of two-phase flows, the interfaces are usually treated as the smooth transition of the properties from one fluid phase to the other. However, in high Reynolds number or low viscosity flows, the nonlinear terms will generate smaller scales which will sharpen the interface, causing discontinuities. Many numerical methods for two-phase flows fail at high Reynolds number case while some others depend on the numerical diffusion from spatial discretization. The observable method regularizes this nonlinear mechanism by filtering the convective terms and this process is inviscid. The filtering effect is controlled by an observable scale which is usually about a grid length. Single rising bubble and Rayleigh-Taylor instability are studied, in particular, to examine the performance of the observable method. A pseudo-spectral method is used for spatial discretization which will not introduce numerical diffusion, and a Total Variation Diminishing (TVD) Runge Kutta method is applied for time integration. The observable incompressible Euler equations are solved for these two problems. In rising bubble problem, the terminal velocity and shape of the bubble are particularly examined and compared with experiments and other numerical results. In the Rayleigh-Taylor instability, the shape of the interface are studied for different observable scale and the spike and bubble velocities, as well as positions (under a proper observable scale), are compared with other simulation results. The results indicate that this regularization technique can potentially regularize the sharp interface in the two-phase flow simulations <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Euler%20equations" title="Euler equations">Euler equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=incompressible%20flow%20simulation" title=" incompressible flow simulation"> incompressible flow simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inviscid%20regularization%20technique" title=" inviscid regularization technique"> inviscid regularization technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two-phase%20flow" title=" two-phase flow"> two-phase flow</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37217/regularized-euler-equations-for-incompressible-two-phase-flow-simulations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37217.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">505</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">87</span> Modelling of Solidification in a Latent Thermal Energy Storage with a Finned Tube Bundle Heat Exchanger Unit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Remo%20Waser">Remo Waser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simon%20Maranda"> Simon Maranda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anastasia%20Stamatiou"> Anastasia Stamatiou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ludger%20J.%20Fischer"> Ludger J. Fischer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joerg%20Worlitschek"> Joerg Worlitschek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In latent heat storage, a phase change material (PCM) is used to store thermal energy. The heat transfer rate during solidification is limited and considered as a key challenge in the development of latent heat storages. Thus, finned heat exchangers (HEX) are often utilized to increase the heat transfer rate of the storage system. In this study, a new modeling approach to calculating the heat transfer rate in latent thermal energy storages with complex HEX geometries is presented. This model allows for an optimization of the HEX design in terms of costs and thermal performance of the system. Modeling solidification processes requires the calculation of time-dependent heat conduction with moving boundaries. Commonly used computational fluid dynamic (CFD) methods enable the analysis of the heat transfer in complex HEX geometries. If applied to the entire storage, the drawback of this approach is the high computational effort due to small time steps and fine computational grids required for accurate solutions. An alternative to describe the process of solidification is the so-called temperature-based approach. In order to minimize the computational effort, a quasi-stationary assumption can be applied. This approach provides highly accurate predictions for tube heat exchangers. However, it shows unsatisfactory results for more complex geometries such as finned tube heat exchangers. The presented simulation model uses a temporal and spatial discretization of heat exchanger tube. The spatial discretization is based on the smallest possible symmetric segment of the HEX. The heat flow in each segment is calculated using finite volume method. Since the heat transfer fluid temperature can be derived using energy conservation equations, the boundary conditions at the inner tube wall is dynamically updated for each time step and segment. The model allows a prediction of the thermal performance of latent thermal energy storage systems using complex HEX geometries with considerably low computational effort. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modelling%20of%20solidification" title="modelling of solidification">modelling of solidification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finned%20tube%20heat%20exchanger" title=" finned tube heat exchanger"> finned tube heat exchanger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=latent%20thermal%20energy%20storage" title=" latent thermal energy storage"> latent thermal energy storage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63495/modelling-of-solidification-in-a-latent-thermal-energy-storage-with-a-finned-tube-bundle-heat-exchanger-unit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63495.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">275</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">86</span> Prediction of Finned Projectile Aerodynamics Using a Lattice-Boltzmann Method CFD Solution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zaki%20Abiza">Zaki Abiza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miguel%20Chavez"> Miguel Chavez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20M.%20Holman"> David M. Holman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruddy%20Brionnaud"> Ruddy Brionnaud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the prediction of the aerodynamic behavior of the flow around a Finned Projectile will be validated using a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) solution, XFlow, based on the Lattice-Boltzmann Method (LBM). XFlow is an innovative CFD software developed by Next Limit Dynamics. It is based on a state-of-the-art Lattice-Boltzmann Method which uses a proprietary particle-based kinetic solver and a LES turbulent model coupled with the generalized law of the wall (WMLES). The Lattice-Boltzmann method discretizes the continuous Boltzmann equation, a transport equation for the particle probability distribution function. From the Boltzmann transport equation, and by means of the Chapman-Enskog expansion, the compressible Navier-Stokes equations can be recovered. However to simulate compressible flows, this method has a Mach number limitation because of the lattice discretization. Thanks to this flexible particle-based approach the traditional meshing process is avoided, the discretization stage is strongly accelerated reducing engineering costs, and computations on complex geometries are affordable in a straightforward way. The projectile that will be used in this work is the Army-Navy Basic Finned Missile (ANF) with a caliber of 0.03 m. The analysis will consist in varying the Mach number from M=0.5 comparing the axial force coefficient, normal force slope coefficient and the pitch moment slope coefficient of the Finned Projectile obtained by XFlow with the experimental data. The slope coefficients will be obtained using finite difference techniques in the linear range of the polar curve. The aim of such an analysis is to find out the limiting Mach number value starting from which the effects of high fluid compressibility (related to transonic flow regime) lead the XFlow simulations to differ from the experimental results. This will allow identifying the critical Mach number which limits the validity of the isothermal formulation of XFlow and beyond which a fully compressible solver implementing a coupled momentum-energy equations would be required. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title="CFD">CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20fluid%20dynamics" title=" computational fluid dynamics"> computational fluid dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drag" title=" drag"> drag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finned%20projectile" title=" finned projectile"> finned projectile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lattice-boltzmann%20method" title=" lattice-boltzmann method"> lattice-boltzmann method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LBM" title=" LBM"> LBM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lift" title=" lift"> lift</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mach" title=" mach"> mach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pitch" title=" pitch"> pitch</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42078/prediction-of-finned-projectile-aerodynamics-using-a-lattice-boltzmann-method-cfd-solution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42078.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">430</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">85</span> Wideband Performance Analysis of C-FDTD Based Algorithms in the Discretization Impoverishment of a Curved Surface</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucas%20L.%20L.%20Fortes">Lucas L. L. Fortes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandro%20T.%20M.%20Gon%C3%A7alves"> Sandro T. M. Gonçalves</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, it is analyzed the wideband performance with the mesh discretization impoverishment of the Conformal Finite Difference Time-Domain (C-FDTD) approaches developed by Raj Mittra, Supriyo Dey and Wenhua Yu for the Finite Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method. These approaches are a simple and efficient way to optimize the scattering simulation of curved surfaces for Dielectric and Perfect Electric Conducting (PEC) structures in the FDTD method, since curved surfaces require dense meshes to reduce the error introduced due to the surface staircasing. Defined, on this work, as D-FDTD-Diel and D-FDTD-PEC, these approaches are well-known in the literature, but the improvement upon their application is not quantified broadly regarding wide frequency bands and poorly discretized meshes. Both approaches bring improvement of the accuracy of the simulation without requiring dense meshes, also making it possible to explore poorly discretized meshes which bring a reduction in simulation time and the computational expense while retaining a desired accuracy. However, their applications present limitations regarding the mesh impoverishment and the frequency range desired. Therefore, the goal of this work is to explore the approaches regarding both the wideband and mesh impoverishment performance to bring a wider insight over these aspects in FDTD applications. The D-FDTD-Diel approach consists in modifying the electric field update in the cells intersected by the dielectric surface, taking into account the amount of dielectric material within the mesh cells edges. By taking into account the intersections, the D-FDTD-Diel provides accuracy improvement at the cost of computational preprocessing, which is a fair trade-off, since the update modification is quite simple. Likewise, the D-FDTD-PEC approach consists in modifying the magnetic field update, taking into account the PEC curved surface intersections within the mesh cells and, considering a PEC structure in vacuum, the air portion that fills the intersected cells when updating the magnetic fields values. Also likewise to D-FDTD-Diel, the D-FDTD-PEC provides a better accuracy at the cost of computational preprocessing, although with a drawback of having to meet stability criterion requirements. The algorithms are formulated and applied to a PEC and a dielectric spherical scattering surface with meshes presenting different levels of discretization, with Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as the dielectric, being a very common material in coaxial cables and connectors for radiofrequency (RF) and wideband application. The accuracy of the algorithms is quantified, showing the approaches wideband performance drop along with the mesh impoverishment. The benefits in computational efficiency, simulation time and accuracy are also shown and discussed, according to the frequency range desired, showing that poorly discretized mesh FDTD simulations can be exploited more efficiently, retaining the desired accuracy. The results obtained provided a broader insight over the limitations in the application of the C-FDTD approaches in poorly discretized and wide frequency band simulations for Dielectric and PEC curved surfaces, which are not clearly defined or detailed in the literature and are, therefore, a novelty. These approaches are also expected to be applied in the modeling of curved RF components for wideband and high-speed communication devices in future works. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accuracy" title="accuracy">accuracy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20efficiency" title=" computational efficiency"> computational efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20difference%20time-domain" title=" finite difference time-domain"> finite difference time-domain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mesh%20impoverishment" title=" mesh impoverishment"> mesh impoverishment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107275/wideband-performance-analysis-of-c-fdtd-based-algorithms-in-the-discretization-impoverishment-of-a-curved-surface" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107275.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">84</span> New High Order Group Iterative Schemes in the Solution of Poisson Equation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sam%20Teek%20Ling">Sam Teek Ling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norhashidah%20Hj.%20Mohd.%20Ali"> Norhashidah Hj. Mohd. Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We investigate the formulation and implementation of new explicit group iterative methods in solving the two-dimensional Poisson equation with Dirichlet boundary conditions. The methods are derived from a fourth order compact nine point finite difference discretization. The methods are compared with the existing second order standard five point formula to show the dramatic improvement in computed accuracy. Numerical experiments are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=explicit%20group%20iterative%20method" title="explicit group iterative method">explicit group iterative method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20difference" title=" finite difference"> finite difference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fourth%20order%20compact" title=" fourth order compact"> fourth order compact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Poisson%20equation" title=" Poisson equation"> Poisson equation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1329/new-high-order-group-iterative-schemes-in-the-solution-of-poisson-equation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1329.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">439</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">83</span> Relevancy Measures of Errors in Displacements of Finite Elements Analysis Results</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20B.%20Bolkhir">A. B. Bolkhir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Elshafie"> A. Elshafie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20K.%20Yousif"> T. K. Yousif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper highlights the methods of error estimation in finite element analysis (FEA) results. It indicates that the modeling error could be eliminated by performing finite element analysis with successively finer meshes or by extrapolating response predictions from an orderly sequence of relatively low degree of freedom analysis results. In addition, the paper eliminates the round-off error by running the code at a higher precision. The paper provides application in finite element analysis results. It draws a conclusion based on results of application of methods of error estimation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20analysis%20%28FEA%29" title="finite element analysis (FEA)">finite element analysis (FEA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discretization%20error" title=" discretization error"> discretization error</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=round-off%20error" title=" round-off error"> round-off error</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mesh%20refinement" title=" mesh refinement"> mesh refinement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=richardson%20extrapolation" title=" richardson extrapolation"> richardson extrapolation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monotonic%20convergence" title=" monotonic convergence"> monotonic convergence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37639/relevancy-measures-of-errors-in-displacements-of-finite-elements-analysis-results" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37639.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">502</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">82</span> Application of Fractional Model Predictive Control to Thermal System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aymen%20Rhouma">Aymen Rhouma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Hcheichi"> Khaled Hcheichi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sami%20Hafsi"> Sami Hafsi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article presents an application of Fractional Model Predictive Control (FMPC) to a fractional order thermal system using Controlled Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (CARIMA) model obtained by discretization of a continuous fractional differential equation. Moreover, the output deviation approach is exploited to design the K -step ahead output predictor, and the corresponding control law is obtained by solving a quadratic cost function. Experiment results onto a thermal system are presented to emphasize the performances and the effectiveness of the proposed predictive controller<em>.</em> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractional%20model%20predictive%20control" title="fractional model predictive control">fractional model predictive control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractional%20order%20systems" title=" fractional order systems"> fractional order systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20system" title=" thermal system"> thermal system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=predictive%20control" title=" predictive control"> predictive control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66187/application-of-fractional-model-predictive-control-to-thermal-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66187.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">417</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">81</span> Study of the Thermomechanical Behavior of a Concrete Element</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Douhi%20Reda%20Bouabdellah">Douhi Reda Bouabdellah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khalafi%20Hamid"> Khalafi Hamid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Belamri%20Samir"> Belamri Samir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The desire to improve the safety of nuclear reactor containment has revealed the need for data on the thermo mechanical behavior of concrete in case of accident during which the concrete is exposed to high temperatures. The aim of the present work is to study the influence of high temperature on the behavior of ordinary concrete specimens loaded by an effort of compression. A thermal model is developed by discretization volume elements (CASTEM). The results of different simulations, combined with other findings help to bring a physical phenomenon explanation Thermo mechanical concrete structures, which allowed to obtain the variation of the stresses anywhere in point or node and each subsequent temperature different directions X, Y and Z. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete" title="concrete">concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermic-gradient" title=" thermic-gradient"> thermic-gradient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20resistant" title=" fire resistant"> fire resistant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation%20by%20CASTEM" title=" simulation by CASTEM"> simulation by CASTEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20strength" title=" mechanical strength"> mechanical strength</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56980/study-of-the-thermomechanical-behavior-of-a-concrete-element" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56980.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">313</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">80</span> Analyzing Water Waves in Underground Pumped Storage Reservoirs: A Combined 3D Numerical and Experimental Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elena%20Pummer">Elena Pummer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Holger%20Schuettrumpf"> Holger Schuettrumpf</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> By today underground pumped storage plants as an outstanding alternative for classical pumped storage plants do not exist. They are needed to ensure the required balance between production and demand of energy. As a short to medium term storage pumped storage plants have been used economically over a long period of time, but their expansion is limited locally. The reasons are in particular the required topography and the extensive human land use. Through the use of underground reservoirs instead of surface lakes expansion options could be increased. Fulfilling the same functions, several hydrodynamic processes result in the specific design of the underground reservoirs and must be implemented in the planning process of such systems. A combined 3D numerical and experimental approach leads to currently unknown results about the occurring wave types and their behavior in dependence of different design and operating criteria. For the 3D numerical simulations, OpenFOAM was used and combined with an experimental approach in the laboratory of the Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management at RWTH Aachen University, Germany. Using the finite-volume method and an explicit time discretization, a RANS-Simulation (k-ε) has been run. Convergence analyses for different time discretization, different meshes etc. and clear comparisons between both approaches lead to the result, that the numerical and experimental models can be combined and used as hybrid model. Undular bores partly with secondary waves and breaking bores occurred in the underground reservoir. Different water levels and discharges change the global effects, defined as the time-dependent average of the water level as well as the local processes, defined as the single, local hydrodynamic processes (water waves). Design criteria, like branches, directional changes, changes in cross-section or bottom slope, as well as changes in roughness have a great effect on the local processes, the global effects remain unaffected. Design calculations for underground pumped storage plants were developed on the basis of existing formulae and the results of the hybrid approach. Using the design calculations reservoirs heights as well as oscillation periods can be determined and lead to the knowledge of construction and operation possibilities of the plants. Consequently, future plants can be hydraulically optimized applying the design calculations on the local boundary conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20storage" title="energy storage">energy storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experimental%20approach" title=" experimental approach"> experimental approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20approach" title=" hybrid approach"> hybrid approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=undular%20and%20breaking%20Bores" title=" undular and breaking Bores"> undular and breaking Bores</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20numerical%20approach" title=" 3D numerical approach"> 3D numerical approach</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57161/analyzing-water-waves-in-underground-pumped-storage-reservoirs-a-combined-3d-numerical-and-experimental-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57161.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">219</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">79</span> Pressure-Robust Approximation for the Rotational Fluid Flow Problems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Medine%20Demir">Medine Demir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Volker%20John"> Volker John</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fluid equations in a rotating frame of reference have a broad class of important applications in meteorology and oceanography, especially in the large-scale flows considered in ocean and atmosphere, as well as many physical and industrial applications. The Coriolis and the centripetal forces, resulting from the rotation of the earth, play a crucial role in such systems. For such applications it may be required to solve the system in complex three-dimensional geometries. In recent years, the Navier--Stokes equations in a rotating frame have been investigated in a number of papers using the classical inf-sup stable mixed methods, like Taylor-Hood pairs, to contribute to the analysis and the accurate and efficient numerical simulation. Numerical analysis reveals that these classical methods introduce a pressure-dependent contribution in the velocity error bounds that is proportional to some inverse power of the viscosity. Hence, these methods are optimally convergent but small velocity errors might not be achieved for complicated pressures and small viscosity coefficients. Several approaches have been proposed for improving the pressure-robustness of pairs of finite element spaces. In this contribution, a pressure-robust space discretization of the incompressible Navier--Stokes equations in a rotating frame of reference is considered. The discretization employs divergence-free, $H^1$-conforming mixed finite element methods like Scott--Vogelius pairs. However, this approach might come with a modification of the meshes, like the use of barycentric-refined grids in case of Scott--Vogelius pairs. However, this strategy requires the finite element code to have control on the mesh generator which is not realistic in many engineering applications and might also be in conflict with the solver for the linear system. An error estimate for the velocity is derived that tracks the dependency of the error bound on the coefficients of the problem, in particular on the angular velocity. Numerical examples illustrate the theoretical results. The idea of pressure-robust method could be cast on different types of flow problems which would be considered as future studies. As another future research direction, to avoid a modification of the mesh, one may use a very simple parameter-dependent modification of the Scott-Vogelius element, the pressure-wired Stokes element, such that the inf-sup constant is independent of nearly-singular vertices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=navier-stokes%20equations%20in%20a%20rotating%20frame%20of%20refence" title="navier-stokes equations in a rotating frame of refence">navier-stokes equations in a rotating frame of refence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coriolis%20force" title=" coriolis force"> coriolis force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure-robust%20error%20estimate" title=" pressure-robust error estimate"> pressure-robust error estimate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scott-vogelius%20pairs%20of%20finite%20element%20spaces" title=" scott-vogelius pairs of finite element spaces"> scott-vogelius pairs of finite element spaces</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182176/pressure-robust-approximation-for-the-rotational-fluid-flow-problems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182176.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">71</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">78</span> Exponential Spline Solution for Singularly Perturbed Boundary Value Problems with an Uncertain-But-Bounded Parameter </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waheed%20Zahra">Waheed Zahra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20El-Beltagy"> Mohamed El-Beltagy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashraf%20El%20Mhlawy"> Ashraf El Mhlawy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reda%20Elkhadrawy"> Reda Elkhadrawy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we consider singular perturbation reaction-diffusion boundary value problems, which contain a small uncertain perturbation parameter. To solve these problems, we propose a numerical method which is based on an exponential spline and Shishkin mesh discretization. While interval analysis principle is used to deal with the uncertain parameter, sensitivity analysis has been conducted using different methods. Numerical results are provided to show the applicability and efficiency of our method, which is ε-uniform convergence of almost second order. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=singular%20perturbation%20problem" title="singular perturbation problem">singular perturbation problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shishkin%20mesh" title=" shishkin mesh"> shishkin mesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two%20small%20parameters" title=" two small parameters"> two small parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exponential%20spline" title=" exponential spline"> exponential spline</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interval%20analysis" title=" interval analysis"> interval analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensitivity%20analysis" title=" sensitivity analysis"> sensitivity analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91560/exponential-spline-solution-for-singularly-perturbed-boundary-value-problems-with-an-uncertain-but-bounded-parameter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91560.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">281</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">77</span> Heat and Mass Transfer in a Saturated Porous Medium Confined in Cylindrical Annular Geometry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Ja">A. Ja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Belabid"> J. Belabid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Cheddadi"> A. Cheddadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper reports the numerical simulation of double diffusive natural convection flows within a horizontal annular filled with a saturated porous medium. The analysis concerns the influence of the different parameters governing the problem, namely, the Rayleigh number Ra, the Lewis number Le and the buoyancy ratio N, on the heat and mass transfer and on the flow structure, in the case of a fixed radius ratio R = 2. The numerical model used for the discretization of the dimensionless equations governing the problem is based on the finite difference method, using the ADI scheme. The study is focused on steady-state solutions in the cooperation situation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20convection" title="natural convection">natural convection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=double-diffusion" title=" double-diffusion"> double-diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porous%20medium" title=" porous medium"> porous medium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=annular%20geometry" title=" annular geometry"> annular geometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20differences" title=" finite differences"> finite differences</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21992/heat-and-mass-transfer-in-a-saturated-porous-medium-confined-in-cylindrical-annular-geometry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21992.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">345</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FEM%20discretization&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FEM%20discretization&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FEM%20discretization&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FEM%20discretization&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> 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