CINXE.COM
<!doctype html> <html lang="zh" data-hairline="true" class="itcauecng" data-theme="light"><head><meta charSet="utf-8"/><title data-rh="true">嘶吼RoarTalk - 知乎</title><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,maximum-scale=1"/><meta name="renderer" content="webkit"/><meta name="force-rendering" content="webkit"/><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"/><meta name="google-site-verification" content=""FTeR0c8arOPKh8c5DYh_9uu98_zJbaWw53J-Sch9MTg""/><meta data-rh="true" name="description" content="回归最本质的信息安全。"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:title" content="嘶吼RoarTalk"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:url" content="https://www.zhihu.com/column/roartalk"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:description" content="回归最本质的信息安全。"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:image" content="https://picx.zhimg.com/v2-04994b4c0924711cff84308f3b53ff8f_720w.jpg?source=172ae18b"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:site_name" content="知乎专栏"/><link data-rh="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://static.zhihu.com/heifetz/assets/apple-touch-icon-152.81060cab.png"/><link data-rh="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://static.zhihu.com/heifetz/assets/apple-touch-icon-152.81060cab.png" sizes="152x152"/><link data-rh="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://static.zhihu.com/heifetz/assets/apple-touch-icon-120.d5793cac.png" sizes="120x120"/><link data-rh="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://static.zhihu.com/heifetz/assets/apple-touch-icon-76.7abf3393.png" sizes="76x76"/><link data-rh="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://static.zhihu.com/heifetz/assets/apple-touch-icon-60.362a8eac.png" sizes="60x60"/><link crossorigin="" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" href="https://static.zhihu.com/heifetz/favicon.ico"/><link crossorigin="" rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="https://static.zhihu.com/heifetz/search.xml" title="知乎"/><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//static.zhimg.com"/><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//pica.zhimg.com"/><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//picx.zhimg.com"/><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//pic1.zhimg.com"/><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//pic2.zhimg.com"/><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//pic3.zhimg.com"/><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//pic4.zhimg.com"/><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//static.zhihu.com"/><style data-emotion-css="9mvwt1">:root{--zhc-padding-horizontal:20px;--zhc-padding-vertical:16px;--zhc-notification-top:75px;--app-padding:16px;--app-header-height:52px;--app-max-width:640px;--app-width:1000px;--app-font-size:15px;}</style><script nonce="8d2a5697-8a11-4228-aea7-d884379bbcba" data-web-reporter-config="{"platform":"web","project":"heifetz"}">!function(e,t){"object"==typeof exports&&"undefined"!=typeof module?t(exports):"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(["exports"],t):t((e=e||self).webReporter={})}(this,function(e){"use strict";var t={},n=!1,o=function(){var e,o,r,a,i;return n||(e=document.querySelector("script[data-web-reporter-config]"),o=e&&e.dataset.webReporterConfig||"{}",r=JSON.parse(o),a=r.platform,i=r.project,t={platform:a,project:i},n=!0),t};function r(e){return a(function(){return localStorage.getItem(e)})()}function a(e){return function(){try{return e.apply(void 0,arguments)}catch(e){}}}var i=a(function(e,t){var n={platform:"web",project:o().project,clientTimestamp:+new Date};!function(e,t,n){"1"===r("weber:logenabled")&&console.log("[web-reporter]%o",{type:e,base:t,data:n})}(e,n,t),function(e,t){var n=btoa(JSON.stringify(t));if("undefined"!=typeof Blob&&window.navigator&&window.navigator.sendBeacon){var o=new Blob([n],{type:"text/plain"});navigator.sendBeacon(e,o)}else{var r=new XMLHttpRequest;r.open("POST",e),r.withCredentials=!1,r.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","text/plain;charset=UTF-8"),r.send(n)}}(r("weber:api")||"https://apm.zhihu.com/collector/web_json",{type:e,base:n,data:t})});e.report=i,Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})}); </script><link href="https://static.zhihu.com/heifetz/7246.216a26f4.31198654a7c463df76e9.css" crossorigin="" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="https://static.zhihu.com/heifetz/column.216a26f4.04e47786b24e4e3d7675.css" crossorigin="" rel="stylesheet"/><script nonce="8d2a5697-8a11-4228-aea7-d884379bbcba">!function(){"use strict";!function(e,n){var r=[];function t(e){return function(){r.push([e,arguments])}}n.Raven={captureException:t("captureException"),captureMessage:t("captureMessage"),captureBreadcrumb:t("captureBreadcrumb")};var a,o,c,i,s,u="undefined"!=typeof DOMError;function d(e){var n=e instanceof Error||e instanceof ErrorEvent||u&&e instanceof DOMError||e instanceof DOMException;Raven.captureException(n?e:new Error(e.message||e.reason))}n.addEventListener("unhandledrejection",d),n.addEventListener("error",d,!0),a=e.src,o=e,c=function(){r.forEach(function(e){var n;(n=Raven)[e[0]].apply(n,e[1])}),n.removeEventListener("unhandledrejection",d),n.removeEventListener("error",d,!0)},i=document.head||document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0],(s=document.createElement("script")).crossOrigin=o.crossOrigin,s.dataset.sentryConfig=o["data-sentry-config"],s.onload=c,s.src=a,i.appendChild(s)}({"defer":true,"crossOrigin":"anonymous","src":"https://unpkg.zhimg.com/@cfe/sentry-script@1.3.1/dist/init.js","data-sentry-config":"{\"dsn\":\"https://2d8d764432cc4f6fb3bc78ab9528299d@crash2.zhihu.com/1224\",\"sampleRate\":0.1,\"release\":\"2278-ce1839d8\",\"ignoreErrorNames\":[\"NetworkError\",\"SecurityError\"],\"ignoreErrorsPreset\":\"ReactApp\",\"tags\":{\"app_name\":\"heifetz\"}}"},window)}(); </script></head><body class="GreyBg-body Body--IE"><div id="root"><div class="App"><style data-emotion-css="55n9hh">.css-55n9hh{position:fixed;top:0;right:0;left:0;z-index:101;display:none;height:2px;pointer-events:none;background:#1772F6;-webkit-transform:translateX(-100%);-ms-transform:translateX(-100%);transform:translateX(-100%);}</style><div class="LoadingBar css-55n9hh"></div><div><span style="position:absolute;top:-10000px;left:-10000px" role="log" aria-live="assertive"></span></div><main role="main" class="App-main"><div><div class="ColumnPageHeader-Wrapper"><div><div class="Sticky ColumnPageHeader css-0"><div class="ColumnPageHeader-content"><a href="//www.zhihu.com" aria-label="知乎"><style data-emotion-css="1hlrcxk">.css-1hlrcxk{-webkit-transition-property:fill;transition-property:fill;-webkit-transition-duration:0.25s;transition-duration:0.25s;-webkit-transition-timing-function:ease-in;transition-timing-function:ease-in;}</style><svg viewBox="0 0 64 30" fill="#1772F6" width="64" height="30" class="css-1hlrcxk"><path d="M29.05 4.582H16.733V25.94h3.018l.403 2.572 4.081-2.572h4.815V4.582zm-5.207 18.69l-2.396 1.509-.235-1.508h-1.724V7.233h6.78v16.04h-2.425zM14.46 14.191H9.982c0-.471.033-.954.039-1.458v-5.5h5.106V5.935a1.352 1.352 0 0 0-.404-.957 1.378 1.378 0 0 0-.968-.396H5.783c.028-.088.056-.177.084-.255.274-.82 1.153-3.326 1.153-3.326a4.262 4.262 0 0 0-2.413.698c-.57.4-.912.682-1.371 1.946-.532 1.453-.997 2.856-1.31 3.693C1.444 8.674.28 11.025.28 11.025a5.85 5.85 0 0 0 2.52-.61c1.119-.593 1.679-1.502 2.054-2.883l.09-.3h2.334v5.5c0 .5-.045.982-.073 1.46h-4.12c-.71 0-1.39.278-1.893.775a2.638 2.638 0 0 0-.783 1.874h6.527a17.717 17.717 0 0 1-.778 3.649 16.796 16.796 0 0 1-3.012 5.273A33.104 33.104 0 0 1 0 28.74s3.13 1.175 5.425-.954c1.388-1.292 2.631-3.814 3.23-5.727a28.09 28.09 0 0 0 1.12-5.229h5.967v-1.37a1.254 1.254 0 0 0-.373-.899 1.279 1.279 0 0 0-.909-.37z"></path><path d="M11.27 19.675l-2.312 1.491 5.038 7.458a6.905 6.905 0 0 0 .672-2.218 3.15 3.15 0 0 0-.28-2.168l-3.118-4.563zM51.449 15.195V5.842c4.181-.205 7.988-.405 9.438-.483l.851-.05c.387-.399.885-2.395.689-3.021-.073-.25-.213-.666-.638-.555a33.279 33.279 0 0 1-4.277.727c-2.766.321-3.97.404-7.804.682-6.718.487-12.709.72-12.709.72a2.518 2.518 0 0 0 .788 1.834 2.567 2.567 0 0 0 1.883.706c2.278-.095 5.598-.25 8.996-.41v9.203h-12.78c0 .703.281 1.377.783 1.874a2.69 2.69 0 0 0 1.892.777h10.105v7.075c0 .887-.464 1.192-1.231 1.214h-3.92a4.15 4.15 0 0 0 .837 1.544 4.2 4.2 0 0 0 1.403 1.067 6.215 6.215 0 0 0 2.71.277c1.36-.066 2.967-.826 2.967-3.57v-7.607h11.28c.342 0 .67-.135.91-.374.242-.239.378-.563.378-.902v-1.375H51.449z"></path><path d="M42.614 8.873a2.304 2.304 0 0 0-1.508-.926 2.334 2.334 0 0 0-1.727.405l-.376.272 4.255 5.85 2.24-1.62-2.884-3.98zM57.35 8.68l-3.125 4.097 2.24 1.663 4.517-5.927-.375-.277a2.32 2.32 0 0 0-1.722-.452 2.327 2.327 0 0 0-1.536.896z"></path></svg></a><i class="ColumnPageHeader-Line"></i><div class="ColumnPageHeader-Title"><div class="ColumnPageHeader-TitleName"><span class="ColumnPageHeader-TitleMeta">专栏</span><a class="ColumnLink ColumnPageHeader-TitleColumn" href="//www.zhihu.com/column/roartalk">嘶吼RoarTalk</a></div></div><div class="ColumnPageHeader-Button"><div class="Popover"><style data-emotion-css="d5yzzu">.css-d5yzzu{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin-right:20px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}</style><div id="null-toggle" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" type="button" class="Button FEfUrdfMIKpQDJDqkjte Button--plain Button--gray fEPKGkUK5jyc4fUuT0QP css-d5yzzu">切换模式</div></div><button type="button" class="Button ColumnPageHeader-WriteButton FEfUrdfMIKpQDJDqkjte Button--blue JmYzaky7MEPMFcJDLNMG">查看我的专栏</button></div></div><div class="ColumnPageHeader-profile"><div><style data-emotion-css="1ay9vb9">.css-1ay9vb9{margin-right:16px;}</style><style data-emotion-css="1rwz7is">.css-1rwz7is{display:inline-block;padding:0 16px;font-size:14px;line-height:32px;color:#ffffff;text-align:center;cursor:pointer;background:none;border:1px solid;border-radius:3px;background-color:#1772F6;border-color:#1772F6;margin-right:16px;}.css-1rwz7is::mozFocusInner{padding:0;border:0;}.css-1rwz7is:focus{outline:none;-webkit-transition:box-shadow 0.3s;transition:box-shadow 0.3s;}.css-1rwz7is:focus-visible{box-shadow:0 0 0 2px #ffffff,0 0 0 4px rgba(23,114,246,0.3);}.css-1rwz7is:disabled{cursor:default;opacity:0.5;}.css-1rwz7is:hover{border-color:#0a6af5;background-color:#0a6af5;}</style><button type="button" class="Button Button--primary Button--blue css-1rwz7is">登录/注册</button><style data-emotion-css="1fv1gmw">.css-1fv1gmw{position:fixed;bottom:50px;right:64px;width:336px;z-index:2;}</style></div></div></div></div></div><style data-emotion-css="10l2ro8">.css-10l2ro8{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;width:100vw;}</style><div class="Card css-10l2ro8"><style data-emotion-css="4ezr4w">.css-4ezr4w{margin:24px auto;}</style><style data-emotion-css="1xy3kyp">.css-1xy3kyp{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;width:100vw;max-width:726px;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;padding-left:16px;padding-right:16px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin:24px auto;}</style><div class="css-1xy3kyp"><style data-emotion-css="zkfaav">.css-zkfaav{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}</style><div class="css-zkfaav"><style data-emotion-css="zyehvu">.css-zyehvu{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;font-size:26px;line-height:36px;font-weight:600;}</style><div class="css-zyehvu">嘶吼RoarTalk</div></div><style data-emotion-css="qdffjs">.css-qdffjs{word-break:break-all;display:-webkit-box;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:3;}</style><style data-emotion-css="h5rdys">.css-h5rdys{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;color:#373a40;font-size:18px;margin-top:8px;word-break:break-all;display:-webkit-box;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:3;}</style><div class="css-h5rdys">回归最本质的信息安全。</div><style data-emotion-css="1omhfr5">.css-1omhfr5{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;margin-top:12px;line-height:normal;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}</style><div class="css-1omhfr5"><div class="AuthorInfo AuthorInfo--plain" itemProp="author" itemscope="" itemType="http://schema.org/Person"><div class="AuthorInfo"><meta itemProp="name" content="Mystery"/><meta itemProp="image" content="https://pic3.zhimg.com/50/ba6d36050_b.jpg"/><meta itemProp="url" content="https://www.zhihu.com/people/missryan"/><meta itemProp="zhihu:followerCount" content="0"/><span class="UserLink AuthorInfo-avatarWrapper"><a class="UserLink-link" data-za-detail-view-element_name="User" target="_blank" href="//www.zhihu.com/people/missryan"><style data-emotion-css="icip60">.css-icip60{border-radius:2px;}</style><style data-emotion-css="alvukd">.css-alvukd{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;max-width:100%;height:auto;background-color:#ffffff;width:24px;height:24px;border-radius:2px;}</style><img class="Avatar AuthorInfo-avatar css-alvukd" src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/50/ba6d36050_l.jpg" srcSet="https://pic3.zhimg.com/50/ba6d36050_l.jpg 2x" alt="Mystery"/></a></span><div class="AuthorInfo-content"><div class="AuthorInfo-head"><span class="UserLink AuthorInfo-name"><a class="UserLink-link" data-za-detail-view-element_name="User" target="_blank" href="//www.zhihu.com/people/missryan">Mystery</a><style data-emotion-css="1cd9gw4">.css-1cd9gw4{margin-left:.3em;}</style></span></div><div class="AuthorInfo-detail"><div class="AuthorInfo-badge"></div></div></div></div></div><style data-emotion-css="13v7zkb">.css-13v7zkb{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}</style><div class="css-13v7zkb"><style data-emotion-css="1kxrhf3">.css-1kxrhf3{white-space:pre-wrap;}</style><style data-emotion-css="ow1ek5">.css-ow1ek5{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;color:#8491a5;font-size:15px;line-height:24px;margin-right:4px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;white-space:pre-wrap;}</style><div class="css-ow1ek5"><style data-emotion-css="vurnku">.css-vurnku{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;}</style><div class="css-vurnku"> · </div><style data-emotion-css="1symrae">.css-1symrae{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;color:#373a40;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}</style><div class="css-1symrae">2144 </div>篇内容</div><div class="css-ow1ek5"><div class="css-vurnku"> · </div><div class="css-1symrae">2.9 万</div>赞同</div><style data-emotion-css="1e4bh3g">.css-1e4bh3g{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;color:#8491a5;font-size:15px;line-height:24px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;white-space:pre-wrap;}</style><div class="css-1e4bh3g"><div class="css-vurnku"> · </div><div class="css-1symrae">7014 </div>订阅</div></div></div><style data-emotion-css="d3igxu">.css-d3igxu >*:not(:first-child){margin-left:10px;}</style><style data-emotion-css="kf9x3u">.css-kf9x3u{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;margin-top:16px;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}.css-kf9x3u >*:not(:first-child){margin-left:10px;}</style><div class="css-kf9x3u"><button type="button" class="Button FollowButton FEfUrdfMIKpQDJDqkjte Button--primary Button--blue epMJl0lFQuYbC7jrwr_o JmYzaky7MEPMFcJDLNMG">订阅专栏</button><button type="button" class="Button FEfUrdfMIKpQDJDqkjte Button--blue JmYzaky7MEPMFcJDLNMG">推荐文章</button><style data-emotion-css="7q9l37">.css-7q9l37{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;margin-left:17px;height:24px;}</style><div class="css-7q9l37"><div class="Popover"><button id="null-toggle" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" type="button" class="Button FEfUrdfMIKpQDJDqkjte Button--plain fEPKGkUK5jyc4fUuT0QP"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="Zi Zi--Dots" fill="currentColor"><path d="M6 10.5a1.5 1.5 0 1 0 0 3 1.5 1.5 0 0 0 0-3ZM10.5 12a1.5 1.5 0 1 1 3 0 1.5 1.5 0 0 1-3 0ZM16.5 12a1.5 1.5 0 1 1 3 0 1.5 1.5 0 0 1-3 0Z"></path></svg></button></div></div></div></div></div><style data-emotion-css="1yl2fu3">.css-1yl2fu3{box-sizing:border-box;z-index:2;-webkit-transition-property:background-color;transition-property:background-color;-webkit-transition-duration:200ms;transition-duration:200ms;-webkit-transition-timing-function:ease-in-out;transition-timing-function:ease-in-out;position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;top:52px;width:100vw;}</style><style data-emotion-css="f2kkrj">.css-f2kkrj{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;box-sizing:border-box;z-index:2;-webkit-transition-property:background-color;transition-property:background-color;-webkit-transition-duration:200ms;transition-duration:200ms;-webkit-transition-timing-function:ease-in-out;transition-timing-function:ease-in-out;position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;top:52px;width:100vw;}</style><div class="css-f2kkrj"><style data-emotion-css="2sopzd">.css-2sopzd{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;height:10px;width:100%;background-color:#f4f6f9;}</style><div class="css-2sopzd"></div><style data-emotion-css="44kk6u">.css-44kk6u{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;width:100%;max-width:694px;margin:0 auto;height:50px;background-color:#ffffff;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}</style><div class="css-44kk6u"><style data-emotion-css="1865b1l">.css-1865b1l{cursor:pointer;position:relative;}.css-1865b1l::after{position:absolute;background-color:#1772F6;display:block;content:'';bottom:0;left:20px;right:20px;margin:0 auto;height:3px;border-radius:3px;}</style><style data-emotion-css="uano2u">.css-uano2u{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;padding:14px 20px;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;cursor:pointer;position:relative;}.css-uano2u::after{position:absolute;background-color:#1772F6;display:block;content:'';bottom:0;left:20px;right:20px;margin:0 auto;height:3px;border-radius:3px;}</style><div class="css-uano2u"><style data-emotion-css="1tvhjhb">.css-1tvhjhb{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.4;color:#191B1F;font-weight:600;}</style><span class="css-1tvhjhb">专栏介绍</span></div><style data-emotion-css="24ok6r">.css-24ok6r{cursor:pointer;position:relative;}</style><style data-emotion-css="h3b9yp">.css-h3b9yp{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;padding:14px 20px;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;cursor:pointer;position:relative;}</style><div class="css-h3b9yp"><style data-emotion-css="5ons2k">.css-5ons2k{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.4;color:#9196a1;font-weight:600;}</style><span class="css-5ons2k">已更内容</span></div></div></div><style data-emotion-css="1pariuy">.css-1pariuy{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;width:100%;max-width:694px;margin:2px auto;background-color:#ffffff;}</style><div class="css-1pariuy"><style data-emotion-css="jqhguc">.css-jqhguc{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;}</style><div class="css-jqhguc"><style data-emotion-css="56qhc6">.css-56qhc6{padding-top:16px;line-height:24px;word-break:break-all;}</style><p class="css-56qhc6">回归最本质的信息安全。</p><style data-emotion-css="460ogu">.css-460ogu{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;padding-top:30px;}</style><section class="css-460ogu"><style data-emotion-css="f3930v">.css-f3930v{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;font-size:15px;line-height:21px;color:#373a40;}</style><h4 class="css-f3930v">专栏作者</h4><style data-emotion-css="xoq78v">.css-xoq78v{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;margin-top:16px;margin-bottom:16px;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}</style><div class="css-xoq78v"><style data-emotion-css="1v98p6w">.css-1v98p6w{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin-right:16px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}</style><div class="css-1v98p6w"><style data-emotion-css="4shq2s">.css-4shq2s{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;margin-right:12px;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;}</style><div class="css-4shq2s"><span class="UserLink"><a href="//www.zhihu.com/people/missryan" target="_blank" class="UserLink-link" data-za-detail-view-element_name="User"><style data-emotion-css="1hx3fyn">.css-1hx3fyn{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;max-width:100%;height:auto;background-color:#ffffff;width:38px;height:38px;border-radius:2px;}</style><img class="Avatar UserLink-avatar css-1hx3fyn" src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/50/ba6d36050_l.jpg" srcSet="https://pic3.zhimg.com/50/ba6d36050_l.jpg 2x" alt="Mystery"/></a></span></div><style data-emotion-css="1j6g1cv">.css-1j6g1cv{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}</style><div class="css-1j6g1cv"><style data-emotion-css="13awyku">.css-13awyku{font-size:15px;font-weight:bold;color:#373a40;display:-webkit-box;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:1;}</style><span class="UserLink css-13awyku"><a href="//www.zhihu.com/people/missryan" target="_blank" class="UserLink-link" data-za-detail-view-element_name="User">Mystery</a></span><style data-emotion-css="705zp9">.css-705zp9{font-size:14px;color:#535861;display:-webkit-box;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:1;}</style><div class="ztext css-705zp9">信息安全从业者,半条传媒狗;F.S.T核心成员</div></div></div><style data-emotion-css="agh514">.css-agh514{min-width:74px;padding:0;height:32px;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;}</style><button type="button" class="Button FollowButton css-agh514 FEfUrdfMIKpQDJDqkjte Button--secondary Button--blue E211w_M7Hzs0GMB7BEyA JmYzaky7MEPMFcJDLNMG"><span style="display:inline-flex;align-items:center"><svg width="1.2em" height="1.2em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="ZDI ZDI--PlusFill24" fill="currentColor"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.25 3.25a1.25 1.25 0 1 0-2.5 0v7.5h-7.5a1.25 1.25 0 1 0 0 2.5h7.5v7.5a1.25 1.25 0 1 0 2.5 0v-7.5h7.5a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 0-2.5h-7.5v-7.5Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span> 关注</button></div><div class="css-vurnku"><style data-emotion-css="wcbt4d">.css-wcbt4d{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;color:#9196a1;}</style><div style="font-size:14px;line-height:20px;margin-top:16px;margin-bottom:4px" class="css-wcbt4d">知乎影响力</div><style data-emotion-css="1nr5ql7">.css-1nr5ql7{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;color:#373a40;}</style><div style="font-size:14px;line-height:22px" class="css-1nr5ql7">获得 <!-- -->121 次赞同 · 23 次喜欢 · 132 次收藏</div></div></section></div><style data-emotion-css="12y95y7">.css-12y95y7{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;margin-top:30px;}</style><section class="css-12y95y7"><style data-emotion-css="1a2rdla">.css-1a2rdla{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}</style><div class="css-1a2rdla"><h4 class="css-f3930v">已更内容 <!-- --> · 2144</h4></div><section class="Column-EmptyCard"><style data-emotion-css="47rp50">.css-47rp50{margin:60px 0 20px;}</style><svg width="150" height="120" viewBox="0 0 150 120" class="css-47rp50" fill="currentColor"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path fill="#EBEEF5" fill-rule="nonzero" d="M102 30.998A2.996 2.996 0 0 0 98.998 28H50.002A2.996 2.996 0 0 0 47 30.998v58.147l.193-.125c1.453-.94 3.473-.94 4.927 0l2.537 1.64 2.536-1.64c1.453-.94 3.473-.94 4.927 0l2.537 1.64 2.536-1.64c1.453-.94 3.473-.94 4.927 0l2.537 1.64 2.536-1.64c1.453-.94 3.473-.94 4.927 0l2.537 1.64 2.536-1.64c1.453-.94 3.473-.94 4.927 0l2.537 1.64 2.536-1.64c1.413-.913 3.363-.94 4.807-.075V30.998zm-1.508 60.542c-.464-.3-1.21-.298-1.67 0l-4.165 2.692-4.165-2.692c-.464-.3-1.21-.298-1.67 0l-4.165 2.692-4.165-2.692c-.464-.3-1.21-.298-1.67 0l-4.165 2.692-4.165-2.692c-.464-.3-1.21-.298-1.67 0l-4.165 2.692-4.165-2.692c-.464-.3-1.21-.298-1.67 0l-4.165 2.692-4.165-2.692c-.464-.3-1.21-.298-1.67 0l-4.316 2.79A1.99 1.99 0 0 1 44 93V30.997C44 27.687 46.68 25 50.002 25h48.996A5.996 5.996 0 0 1 105 30.998v62c0 .45-.147.866-.396 1.2l-4.112-2.658z"></path><path fill="#F7F8FA" d="M55 39c0-.553.44-1 1-1h19c.553 0 1 .44 1 1v19c0 .553-.44 1-1 1H56c-.553 0-1-.44-1-1V39zm25 .5c0-.828.675-1.5 1.498-1.5h11.004c.827 0 1.498.666 1.498 1.5 0 .828-.675 1.5-1.498 1.5H81.498A1.495 1.495 0 0 1 80 39.5zm0 9c0-.828.675-1.5 1.498-1.5h11.004c.827 0 1.498.666 1.498 1.5 0 .828-.675 1.5-1.498 1.5H81.498A1.495 1.495 0 0 1 80 48.5zm0 9c0-.828.675-1.5 1.498-1.5h11.004c.827 0 1.498.666 1.498 1.5 0 .828-.675 1.5-1.498 1.5H81.498A1.495 1.495 0 0 1 80 57.5zm-25 9c0-.828.677-1.5 1.505-1.5h35.99a1.5 1.5 0 1 1 0 3h-35.99A1.5 1.5 0 0 1 55 66.5zm0 9c0-.828.665-1.5 1.505-1.5h24.99a1.5 1.5 0 1 1 0 3h-24.99A1.5 1.5 0 0 1 55 75.5z"></path></g></svg><p>专栏暂无可看内容</p></section></section></div></div></main></div></div><script id="js-clientConfig" type="text/json">{"fetchRoot":{"www":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.zhihu.com","api":"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.zhihu.com","lens":"https:\u002F\u002Flens.zhihu.com","zhida":"https:\u002F\u002Fzhida.zhihu.com","zhuanlan":"https:\u002F\u002Fzhuanlan.zhihu.com\u002Fapi\u002F","walletpay":"https:\u002F\u002Fwalletpay.zhihu.com","captcha":"https:\u002F\u002Fcaptcha.zhihu.com","vzuu":"https:\u002F\u002Fv.vzuu.com","openapi":"https:\u002F\u002Fopenapi.zhihu.com","svip":"https:\u002F\u002Fsvip.zhihu.com","event":"https:\u002F\u002Fevent.zhihu.com","en":"https:\u002F\u002Fen.zhihu.com"},"host":"zhihu.com","protocol":"https:","wwwHost":"www.zhihu.com","enHost":"en.zhihu.com","videoHost":"video.zhihu.com","zhuanlanHost":"zhuanlan.zhihu.com","allowSignUp":true,"refreshValidityPeriod":"30","release":"2278-ce1839d8","currentEntry":"column","isMobileEntry":false,"apollo":{"env":"prod","globalSilence":"","ncgModeSign":"3f8e56febda4fb3bbea72e379d76de1e","logMobileUnAuth":"1","topstory_rec_adp":"1","topstory_hot_adp":"1","editor_adapt_native":"0","editor_auto_rotate":"0","enable_request_filter":"1","balanceModalSign":"ChYHAcB5ihJECkAFnhDAYmdhsTWVJoNc","reportBackendPublishError":"1","dynamic_font_schema":"1","enable_vzuu_login":"office","za_zse_ck_refer":"1","gamekeeper_office":"blue","gamekeeper_production":"blue","enable_utm_id_0":"0","video_upload_config":"{\"parallel\":10,\"timeout\":0,\"partSize\":20971520,\"endpoint\":\"https:\u002F\u002Fzhihu-video-input.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\"}","test_canary":"member|0-100,1-0","use_new_player":"member|0-100,1-0","player_vendor":"member|0-100,1-0,2-0","use_hevc":"member|0-0,1-100","upload_use_signature":"member|0-0,1-100","use_backdrop_blur":"member|0-0,1-100","article_title_imagex":"member|0-0,1-100","play_station":"member|0-0,1-100","use_cached_supported_countries":"device|1-100,0-0","contentItem_cover_imagex":"member|0-0,1-100","use_qrcode_login_v2":"device|1-100,0-0"}}</script><script id="js-initialData" type="text/json">{"initialState":{"common":{"ask":{},"cities":{"cityData":[]}},"loading":{"global":{"count":0},"local":{"env\u002FgetIpinfo\u002F":false,"column\u002Fget\u002F":false}},"entities":{"users":{"missryan":{"id":"dc82f97f581a6023958485a06d4d3530","name":"Mystery","avatarUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fpic3.zhimg.com\u002F50\u002Fba6d36050_b.jpg","gender":1,"type":"people","headline":"信息安全从业者,半条传媒狗;F.S.T核心成员","urlToken":"missryan","userType":"people","url":"\u002Fpeople\u002Fdc82f97f581a6023958485a06d4d3530","vipInfo":null,"isOrg":false,"isAdvertiser":false,"isFollowing":false,"isFollowed":false,"isBlocking":false,"isBlocked":false,"badgeV2":{"detailBadges":null,"icon":"","mergedBadges":[],"nightIcon":"","title":""},"reactionCount":0,"followerCount":0,"authorExt":{}}},"questions":{},"answers":{},"articles":{},"columns":{"roartalk":{"id":"roartalk","title":"嘶吼RoarTalk","urlToken":"roartalk","type":"column","columnType":"normal","imageUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fpicx.zhimg.com\u002Fv2-04994b4c0924711cff84308f3b53ff8f_720w.jpg?source=172ae18b","author":{"id":"dc82f97f581a6023958485a06d4d3530","name":"Mystery","avatarUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fpic3.zhimg.com\u002F50\u002Fba6d36050_b.jpg","gender":1,"type":"people","headline":"信息安全从业者,半条传媒狗;F.S.T核心成员","urlToken":"missryan","userType":"people","url":"\u002Fpeople\u002Fdc82f97f581a6023958485a06d4d3530","vipInfo":null,"isOrg":false,"isAdvertiser":false,"isFollowing":false,"isFollowed":false,"isBlocking":false,"isBlocked":false,"badgeV2":{"detailBadges":null,"icon":"","mergedBadges":[],"nightIcon":"","title":""},"reactionCount":0,"followerCount":0,"authorExt":{}},"acceptSubmission":true,"commentPermission":"all","intro":"回归最本质的信息安全。","description":"嘶吼知乎小站，微信公众号：Pro4hou","articlesCount":2144,"followers":7014,"isFollowing":false,"topics":null,"voteupCount":29478,"updated":1614233054,"itemsCount":2144,"authorExt":{"influenceDesc":["121 次赞同","23 次喜欢","132 次收藏"]},"backgroundImage":null,"viewsCount":7042195,"addItemLatestTime":1598504228,"price":0,"skuId":"","updateFrequency":"","expectedUpdateCount":0,"contentPrice":0,"hasOwnership":false,"realId":"19665"}},"topics":{},"roundtables":{},"favlists":{},"comments":{},"notifications":{},"ebooks":{},"activities":{},"feeds":{},"pins":{},"promotions":{},"drafts":{},"chats":{},"posts":{},"zvideos":{},"eduCourses":{}},"currentUser":"","account":{"unlockTicketStatus":false,"unlockTicket":null,"challenge":[],"errorStatus":false,"message":"","isFetching":false,"accountInfo":{},"urlToken":{"loading":false},"cardUserInfo":{"vipInfo":{}},"handleWidget":{},"widgetList":[],"userWidgetId":""},"settings":{"socialBind":null,"inboxMsg":null,"notification":{},"email":{},"privacyFlag":null,"blockedUsers":{"isFetching":false,"paging":{"pageNo":1,"pageSize":6},"data":[]},"blockedFollowees":{"isFetching":false,"paging":{"pageNo":1,"pageSize":6},"data":[]},"ignoredTopics":{"isFetching":false,"paging":{"pageNo":1,"pageSize":6},"data":[]},"restrictedTopics":null,"laboratory":{}},"notification":{},"people":{"profileStatus":{},"activitiesByUser":{},"answersByUser":{},"answersSortByVotesByUser":{},"answersIncludedByUser":{},"votedAnswersByUser":{},"thankedAnswersByUser":{},"voteAnswersByUser":{},"thankAnswersByUser":{},"topicAnswersByUser":{},"zvideosByUser":{},"articlesByUser":{},"articlesSortByVotesByUser":{},"articlesIncludedByUser":{},"pinsByUser":{},"questionsByUser":{},"commercialQuestionsByUser":{},"favlistsByUser":{},"followingByUser":{},"followersByUser":{},"mutualsByUser":{},"followingColumnsByUser":{},"followingQuestionsByUser":{},"followingFavlistsByUser":{},"followingTopicsByUser":{},"publicationsByUser":{},"columnsByUser":{},"allFavlistsByUser":{},"brands":null,"creationsByUser":{},"creationsSortByVotesByUser":{},"creationsFeed":{},"infinity":{},"batchUsers":{},"profileInfinity":null},"env":{"abV2":{"config":{"paramMap":{"ws_pop_activate":{"value":"0","abId":"pop_activate-0"},"ws_new_call":{"value":"1","abId":"rl-mobileweb_call-1"},"pc_mou_cre_remove":{"value":"0"},"ws_hot_activate":{"value":"0","abId":"hot_activate-0"},"ws_column_card":{"value":"0"},"wm_pin_upvote_web":{"value":"0"}},"abMap":{"pop_activate-0":{"abId":"pop_activate-0","layerId":"pop_activate_layer"},"rl-mobileweb_call-1":{"abId":"rl-mobileweb_call-1","layerId":"rl-mobileweb_call"},"hot_activate-0":{"abId":"hot_activate-0","layerId":"web_standard_domain_layer8"}}},"triggers":{}},"userAgent":{"Edge":false,"IE":true,"Wechat":false,"Weibo":false,"QQ":false,"MQQBrowser":false,"Qzone":false,"Mobile":false,"Android":false,"HarmonyOS":false,"iOS":false,"isAppleDevice":false,"Zhihu":false,"ZhihuHybrid":false,"isBot":false,"Tablet":false,"UC":false,"Quark":false,"Sogou":false,"Qihoo":false,"Baidu":false,"BaiduApp":false,"Safari":false,"GoogleBot":false,"AndroidDaily":false,"iOSDaily":false,"WxMiniProgram":false,"BaiduMiniProgram":false,"QQMiniProgram":false,"JDMiniProgram":false,"OpenHarmony":false,"isWebView":false,"isMiniProgram":false,"origin":"Mozilla\u002F4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0; SLCC1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506; .NET CLR 3.5.21022; .NET CLR 1.0.3705; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)"},"appViewConfig":{},"ctx":{"path":"\u002Froartalk","query":{},"href":"http:\u002F\u002Fzhuanlan.zhihu.com\u002Froartalk","host":"zhuanlan.zhihu.com"},"trafficSource":"production","edition":{"beijing":false,"baidu":false,"sogou":false,"baiduBeijing":false,"sogouBeijing":false,"sogouInput":false,"oppoSearch":false,"baiduSearch":false,"googleSearch":false,"shenma":false,"miniProgram":false,"xiaomi":false,"huaweiSearch":false},"theme":"light","appHeaderTheme":{"current":"normal","disable":true,"normal":{"bgColor":"GBK99A"},"custom":{"bgColor":"GBK99A"}},"enableShortcut":true,"referer":"","xUDId":"","mode":"ssr","conf":{},"xTrafficFreeOrigin":"","ipInfo":{"cityName":"","countryName":"新加坡","regionName":"新加坡","countryCode":"SG"},"logged":false,"query":{},"vars":{"passThroughHeaders":{}}},"me":{"columnContributions":[]},"label":{},"ecommerce":{},"comments":{"pagination":{},"collapsed":{},"reverse":{},"reviewing":{},"conversation":{},"parent":{}},"commentsV2":{"stickers":[],"commentWithPicPermission":{},"notificationsComments":{},"pagination":{},"collapsed":{},"reverse":{},"reviewing":{},"conversation":{},"conversationMore":{},"parent":{}},"pushNotifications":{"default":{"isFetching":false,"isDrained":false,"ids":[]},"follow":{"isFetching":false,"isDrained":false,"ids":[]},"vote_thank":{"isFetching":false,"isDrained":false,"ids":[]},"currentTab":"default","notificationsCount":{"default":0,"follow":0,"vote_thank":0}},"messages":{"data":{},"currentTab":"common","messageCount":0},"register":{"registerValidateSucceeded":null,"registerValidateErrors":{},"registerConfirmError":null,"sendDigitsError":null,"registerConfirmSucceeded":null},"login":{"loginUnregisteredError":false,"loginBindWechatError":false,"loginConfirmError":null,"sendDigitsError":null,"needSMSIdentify":false,"validateDigitsError":false,"loginConfirmSucceeded":null,"qrcodeLoginToken":"","qrcodeLoginScanStatus":0,"qrcodeLoginError":null,"qrcodeLoginReturnNewToken":false},"switches":{},"captcha":{"captchaNeeded":false,"captchaValidated":false},"sms":{"supportedCountries":[]},"chat":{"chats":{},"inbox":{"recents":{"isFetching":false,"isDrained":false,"isPrevDrained":false,"result":[],"next":null,"key":null},"strangers":{"isFetching":false,"isDrained":false,"isPrevDrained":false,"result":[],"next":null,"key":null},"friends":{"isFetching":false,"isDrained":false,"isPrevDrained":false,"result":[],"next":null,"key":null},"search":{"isFetching":false,"isDrained":false,"isPrevDrained":false,"result":[],"next":null,"key":null},"config":{"newCount":0,"strangerMessageSwitch":false,"strangerMessageUnread":false,"friendCount":0}},"global":{"isChatMqttExisted":false}},"emoticons":{"emoticonGroupList":[],"emoticonGroupDetail":{}},"creator":{"tools":{"question":{"invitationCount":{"questionFolloweeCount":0,"questionTotalCount":0}},"recommend":{"recommendTimes":{}}},"explore":{},"levelUpperLimit":10,"mcn":{},"mcnManage":{},"tasks":{},"announcement":{},"creatorsRecommendInfo":{}},"creators":{"common":{"applyStatus":{},"rightsStatus":{}},"bayesDomains":{"status":{},"options":{"topDomains":null,"allDomains":null,"editable":0},"contents":null},"school":{"tabs":[],"contents":[],"banner":null,"entities":{}},"faq":{"tabs":[],"article":{}},"knowledgeIncome":{},"safeguardRights":{},"analytics":{"all":{},"answer":{},"zvideo":{},"article":{},"pin":{},"singleContent":{}},"account":{"growthLevel":{}},"KMResource":{},"training":{},"ToolsQuestion":{"goodatTopics":[]},"ToolsHotspot":{"domains":[]},"ToolsRecommend":{},"ToolsCustomPromotion":{"itemLists":{},"baseInfo":{}},"ToolsSearchQuestion":{},"editorSetting":{},"MCNManage":{},"knowledgeTasks":{},"incomeAnalysis":{"income":{"aggregation":{}}},"creationManage":{"editModal":{"status":false}},"activity":{},"announcement":{},"home":{"currentCreatorUrlToken":null,"rights":[],"newRights":[],"scoreInfo":{},"menusShowControlByServer":{"bVipRecomend":false,"creationRelationship":false},"newTasks":{"creatorTask":{"tasks":[],"des":[]}},"bannerList":[],"recentlyCreated":[],"homecard":{},"homeData":{}},"videoSupport":{"textBenefit":{}},"videoDistribution":{},"profilePoster":{"creatorPosterConfig":{},"creatorPosterData":{}}},"answers":{"voters":{},"upvoters":{},"copyrightApplicants":{},"favlists":{},"newAnswer":{},"entityWords":{},"paidContent":{},"settings":{},"relationEndorsement":{},"growthCardOrder":{}},"recommendation":{"homeRecommendations":[]},"shareTexts":{},"articles":{"voters":{},"upvoters":{},"relationEndorsement":{}},"previewPost":{},"favlists":{"relations":{}},"columns":{"voters":{}},"reward":{"answer":{},"article":{},"question":{}},"video":{"data":{},"shareVideoDetail":{},"last":{}},"topstory":{"recommend":{"isFetching":false,"isDrained":false,"afterId":0,"items":[],"next":null},"follow":{"isFetching":false,"isDrained":false,"afterId":0,"items":[],"next":null},"followWonderful":{"isFetching":false,"isDrained":false,"afterId":0,"items":[],"next":null},"sidebar":null,"announcement":{},"hotList":[],"hotListHeadZone":[],"guestFeeds":{"isFetching":false,"isDrained":false,"afterId":0,"items":[],"next":null},"followExtra":{"isNewUser":null,"isFetched":false,"followCount":0,"followers":[]},"hotDaily":{"data":[],"paging":{}},"hotHighlight":{"isFetching":false,"isDrained":false,"data":[],"paging":{}},"banner":{},"commercialBanner":{"show":false,"banner":{},"trackData":{}},"video":{"items":[],"next":null,"isLoading":false,"isDrained":false}},"readStatus":{},"column":{},"requestColumn":{"categories":[],"error":null},"articleContribution":{"contributeRequests":[],"deleteContributeIdList":[],"handledContributeIdList":[],"recommendedColumns":[],"pinnedColumns":[],"sentContributeRequestsIdList":[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null]},"columnContribution":{"contributeRequests":[],"autoInviteEnabled":false,"recommendedContributors":[]},"draftHistory":{"history":{},"drafts":{}},"upload":{},"articleDraft":{"titleImage":"","titleImageSize":{},"isTitleImageFullScreen":false,"canTitleImageFullScreen":false,"title":"","titleImageUploading":false,"error":"","content":"","draftLoading":false,"updating":false,"globalLoading":false,"pendingVideo":{"resource":null,"error":null},"deleteFail":{"fail":false},"recommendTopics":[],"selectedColumn":null,"articleDisclaimers":[]},"articleDrafts":{"isDrained":false,"isLoading":false,"items":[]},"columnAutocomplete":{"users":[],"friends":[]},"columnCollection":{},"userProfit":{"permission":{"permissionStatus":{"zhiZixuan":0,"recommend":-1,"task":0,"plugin":0,"infinity":0},"visible":false},"linkCardLimit":0},"mcn":{"bindInfo":{},"memberCategoryList":[],"producerList":[],"categoryList":[],"lists":{},"banners":{},"protocolStatus":{"isAgreedNew":true,"isAgreedOld":true},"probationCountdownDays":0},"zvideos":{"campaignVideoList":{},"campaigns":{},"tagoreCategory":[],"recommendations":{},"insertable":{},"recruit":{"form":{"platform":"","nickname":"","followerCount":"","domain":"","contact":""},"submited":false,"ranking":[]},"qyActivityData":{},"talkActivityData":{},"party2022ActivityData":{},"batchVideos":{},"creationReferences":{},"zvideoCollection":{},"zvideoGrant":{},"collectData":{"isFetching":false,"list":[]},"videoSource":{"isLoaded":false},"paidColumnInfo":{}},"republish":{},"commentPermission":{},"creatorRightStatus":{"list":[]},"adPromotion":{"answer":{},"article":{}},"paidColumn":{"entities":{}},"followingColumns":{},"hotSpot":{},"contentColumnCard":{}},"fetchHost":"www.zhihu.com","subAppName":"column","spanName":"Column","canaryConfig":{"test_canary":"0","use_new_player":"0","player_vendor":"0","use_hevc":"0","upload_use_signature":"0","use_backdrop_blur":"0","article_title_imagex":"0","play_station":"0","use_cached_supported_countries":"1"}}</script><script crossorigin="" src="https://static.zhihu.com/heifetz/vendor.4d4559ddd761145da535.js"></script><script crossorigin="" src="https://static.zhihu.com/event/react@17.0.2/umd/react.production.min.js"></script><script crossorigin="" src="https://static.zhihu.com/event/react-dom@17.0.2/umd/react-dom.production.min.js"></script><script crossorigin="" src="https://static.zhihu.com/event/react-dom@17.0.2/umd/react-dom-server.browser.production.min.js"></script><script crossorigin="" src="https://static.zhihu.com/heifetz/runtime.app.dc83e019333b35ec45e9.js"></script><script crossorigin="" src="https://static.zhihu.com/heifetz/lib-75fc9c18.app.3db651c252e14ef6658e.js"></script><script crossorigin="" src="https://static.zhihu.com/heifetz/lib-79b5cf47.app.8b6b6bf4b6d894db9b07.js"></script><script crossorigin="" src="https://static.zhihu.com/heifetz/lib-330004dc.app.7437cf54ac28fca0e302.js"></script><script crossorigin="" src="https://static.zhihu.com/heifetz/lib-f3572862.app.8969770b2dc397a36b09.js"></script><script crossorigin="" src="https://static.zhihu.com/heifetz/lib-0e5ce61e.app.ac8d5b7f48acd8aa0e32.js"></script><script crossorigin="" src="https://static.zhihu.com/heifetz/lib-38cf5c11.app.a633ac4be38d02534172.js"></script><script crossorigin="" src="https://static.zhihu.com/heifetz/7246.app.0035b30a7f73e858f4fa.js"></script><script crossorigin="" src="https://static.zhihu.com/heifetz/column.app.9f298acece0f4d932147.js"></script><script defer="" src="https://static.zhihu.com/event/wza/4633_1/aria.js?appid=a3637ace5dc3a347f6863b0bac487599" id="ariascripts" wapForceOldFixed="false" loadData="false"></script></body><script src="https://hm.baidu.com/hm.js?98beee57fd2ef70ccdd5ca52b9740c49" async=""></script></html>