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COVID-19: Dementia and cognitive impairment | British Geriatrics Society

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It is applicable to those with dementia and anyone with cognitive impairment resulting from conditions which affect the brain." /> <meta name="abstract" content="This brief guidance was developed by Alistair Burns, National Clinical Director for Dementia at NHS England/Improvement. It is applicable to those with dementia and anyone with cognitive impairment resulting from conditions which affect the brain." /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.bgs.org.uk/resources/covid-19-dementia-and-cognitive-impairment" /> <link rel="shortlink" href="https://www.bgs.org.uk/node/5607" /> <meta http-equiv="content-language" content="en" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="British Geriatrics Society" /> <meta property="og:title" content="COVID-19: Dementia and cognitive impairment | British Geriatrics Society" /> <meta property="og:description" content="This brief guidance was developed by Alistair Burns, National Clinical Director for Dementia at NHS England/Improvement. 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class="card-resource-type"> Good practice guide </div> <div class="resource-type-i-icon">i</div> <div class="resource-type-info-arrow"></div> </div> <div class="resource-type-info"><div class="resource-type-info-text">Good practices guides focus on providing information on a clinical topic.</div></div> </div> <div class="node-header-details"> <div class="card-authors-wrapper"><div class="label">Authors:</div><div class="author-details">Alistair Burns (National Clinical Director for Dementia, NHS England/Improvement)</div></div> <div class="card-topics-wrapper"><div class="label">Topics:</div><a href="/taxonomy/term/2928">Acute Care</a>, <a href="/taxonomy/term/2956">Dementia</a></div> <div class="node-header-dates"> <div class="card-date-wrapper"><div class="label">Date Published:</div><div class="card-date"> <span class="date-display-single" property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2020-04-07T00:00:00+01:00">07 April 2020</span> </div> </div> <div class="card-date-updated"> <div class="label">Last updated:&nbsp;</div> <span class="date-display-single" property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2020-04-07T16:21:00+01:00">07 April 2020</span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card-resource-summary"> <p>This brief guidance was developed by Alistair Burns, National Clinical Director for Dementia at NHS England/Improvement, and has been incorporated into NHS England publications. This guidance is applicable to those with dementia and anyone with cognitive impairment resulting from conditions which affect the brain.</p> </div> </div> <div class="card-body"> <p>This short paper attempts to summarise some of the key issues around people with dementia and their carers in relation to COVID-19 (coronavirus). While there is ample general advice about COVID-19 and its management (<a href="http://www.england.nhs.uk/coronavirus/" rel="nofollow">www.england.nhs.uk/coronavirus</a>), the following ten key points have been devised which reflect clinical advice and specific information about dementia. It may be helpful to clinicians and planners.</p> <p> There are an estimated 675,000 people with dementia in England, the majority of whom are over 65 and have comorbid health conditions, making them particularly vulnerable to develop severe symptoms and complications. They are supported by a similar number of carers, most of whom are older people themselves. A quarter of people in acute hospitals and three quarters of residents of care homes have dementia. </p> <h2 class="sidebar-nav">Key factors</h2> <ul> <li>People with dementia are much more prone to develop <strong>delirium </strong>(a confusional state) if they develop an infection &ndash; being aware that a person may have dementia will alert staff to this increased risk.<br /> &nbsp;</li> <li>Going into <strong>hospital </strong>is frightening enough and particularly so for someone with dementia &ndash; staff involved in screening and treatment should be aware if a person has dementia and be prepared to take extra time while assessing and treating them. Avoiding unnecessary hospital admissions is important.<br /> &nbsp;</li> <li>Some people with dementia may have difficulty understanding <strong>complex instructions</strong> about self-isolation or handwashing &ndash; keeping information accessible and repeatable is key.<br /> &nbsp;</li> <li>People with dementia may lack awareness of and be less able to report symptoms because of <strong>communication difficulties</strong> &ndash; people should be alert to the presence of signs as well as symptoms of the virus (&ldquo;look beyond words&rdquo;).<br /> &nbsp;</li> <li>People with dementia may have <strong>swallowing difficulties</strong> which could put them at increased risk of developing chest infections and dehydration &ndash; a swallowing assessment may be helpful.</li> </ul> <h2 class="sidebar-nav">Specific support</h2> <ul> <li>Volunteer community groups, with appropriate expertise, could be positively encouraged to <strong>provide support</strong> for carers and people with dementia, particularly those living alone.<br /> &nbsp;</li> <li>People with dementia in their own homes may already feel isolated and if they need to further self-isolate, additional assistance and support may be needed to mitigate the practical and <strong>emotional impact of separation</strong> &ndash; care plans reflecting this are important, including updated <strong>Lasting Power of Attorney</strong> documentation and advance directives.<br /> &nbsp;</li> <li><strong>Support in the community</strong> is key &ndash; Dementia Connect&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.alzheimers.org.uk/dementiaconnect" rel="nofollow">https://www.alzheimers.org.uk/dementiaconnect</a>) and Dementia UK (<a href="https://www.dementiauk.org/" rel="nofollow">https://www.dementiauk.org</a>) are examples of where bespoke advice is available.<br /> &nbsp;</li> <li>There will be an <strong>additional burden on carers</strong>, many of whom are in a high risk group themselves and may become ill and unable to care - if services can help plan so that friends/relatives/volunteers keep daily phone or other contact this should reduce the need for emergency calls on the NHS and social care.<br /> &nbsp;</li> <li>Relatives and friends not being allowed to see a person in a care home could have a detrimental effect on residents with dementia &ndash; use of technology may help improve communication between families both at home and in care homes.</li> </ul> </div> </article> </div> <div class="content-additional"> <div id="block-webform-client-block-227" class="block block-webform"> <h2 class="resource-feedback-toggle">Feedback on this resource?</h2> <div class="content"> <div id="webform-ajax-wrapper-227"><form class="webform-client-form webform-client-form-227" action="/resources/covid-19-dementia-and-cognitive-impairment" method="post" id="webform-client-form-227" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="webform-email form-item webform-component webform-component-email webform-component--email 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class="card-view"> <div class="view view-links view-id-links view-display-id-block equal-heights view-dom-id-6568382fb35441ce28bb08b1a3d458ad"> <div class="view-content view-content-main"> <div class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first"> <article id="node-5553" class="node node-resource-series" about="/resources/resource-series/coronavirus-and-older-people" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document"> <a href="/resources/resource-series/coronavirus-and-older-people" class="card"> <div class="card-image-wrapper"> <div class="card-image"> <picture > <!--[if IE 9]><video style="display: none;"><![endif]--> <source srcset="https://www.bgs.org.uk/sites/default/files/styles/grid-6-wide/public/content/page/images/2020-03-05/coronavirus_purple.jpg?itok=vTiFvkJ0&amp;timestamp=1583420551 1x" media="(min-width: 75em)" /> <source srcset="https://www.bgs.org.uk/sites/default/files/styles/grid-6-normal/public/content/page/images/2020-03-05/coronavirus_purple.jpg?itok=Sbr-LIad&amp;timestamp=1583420551 1x" media="(min-width: 60em)" /> <source srcset="https://www.bgs.org.uk/sites/default/files/styles/grid-6-narrow/public/content/page/images/2020-03-05/coronavirus_purple.jpg?itok=UHkFIXVO&amp;timestamp=1583420551 1x" media="(min-width: 45em)" /> <source srcset="https://www.bgs.org.uk/sites/default/files/styles/grid-6-mobile/public/content/page/images/2020-03-05/coronavirus_purple.jpg?itok=kKl1uIbI&amp;timestamp=1583420551 1x" media="(min-width: 0em)" /> <!--[if IE 9]></video><![endif]--> <img src="https://www.bgs.org.uk/sites/default/files/styles/grid-6-mobile/public/content/page/images/2020-03-05/coronavirus_purple.jpg?itok=kKl1uIbI&amp;timestamp=1583420551" alt="" title="" /> </picture> </div> </div> <div class="card-text"> <h3><div class="card-title-field"> Coronavirus and older people </div> </h3> <div class="card-summary"><div class="card-summary-wrapper"> <p>This resource series brings together current advice from experts within the BGS relating to older people and the current COVID-19 pandemic.</p> </div></div> </div> </a> </article> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-2 views-row-even views-row-last"> <article id="node-5606" class="node node-resource" about="/resources/covid-19-end-of-life-care-in-older-people" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document" > <a href="/resources/covid-19-end-of-life-care-in-older-people" class="card"> <div class="card-text"> <div class="card-content"> <h3><div class="card-title-field"> COVID-19: End of life care in older people </div> </h3> <div class="card-date"> <span class="date-display-single" property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2020-04-07T00:00:00+01:00">07 April 2020</span> </div> <div class="card-summary"><div class="card-summary-wrapper"> <div class="card-summary"> <p>This page brings together resources and information for any clinician or carer who finds themselves faced with providing care at the end of life during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p> </div> </div></div> </div> <div class="card-footer"> <div class="card-resource-series"><div class="resource-series">In a series</div></div> <div class="card-resource-type"> Fact sheet </div> </div> </div> </a> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-2 views-row-even views-row-last side-row "> <div class="section-inner"> <div class="card-title"> <h2 class="field-content">Other resources</h2> </div> <div class="side-row-wrapper"> <div class="card-description-et"> <div><a href="https://dementia-united.org.uk/" rel="nofollow">Dementia United</a> have collated some resources for care home staff during the COVID-19 pandemic. Please click below for a downloadable PDF.</div> <div>&nbsp;</div> </div> <div class="card-view-4"> <div class="view view-attachment view-id-attachment view-display-id-sidebar view-dom-id-93ec8f5e54de17b39342437c4715fccd"> <div class="view-content view-content-main"> <div class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first views-row-last"> <a class="attachment-link" target="_blank" href="https://www.bgs.org.uk/sites/default/files/content/attachment/2020-04-21/Dementia%20United.pdf"><div class="file-cover"><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://www.bgs.org.uk/sites/default/files/styles/file-cover/public/content/attachment/2020-04-21/covers/Dementia-united_Icon_Master.png?itok=gJCZVTK8" width="120" height="92" alt="" /></div> <div class="file-icon file-type-pdf"><div class="file-name">Dementia United resources for care home staff</div><div class="file-details"><div class="file-extension">pdf</div><div class="file-size">314 KB</div></div></div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </aside> </div> </main> <section class="postscript-first"> <div class="postscript_first"> <section class="block block-views postscript-section-row-block"> <h2 class="block-title">Other resources in this series</h2> <div class="view view-resource-series view-id-resource_series view-display-id-block section-row row-max-4 view-card-default-palette view-dom-id-c35b10e133abde0c81b3126fd7fd9158"> <div class="view-content view-content-main"> <div class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first"> <a class="card resource-card" href="/resources/coronavirus-current-information-and-advice"><div class="card-text"><div class="card-content"> <div class="card-title"> <h3>Coronavirus: Current information and advice</h3> </div> <div class="card-date-display-override"> <span class="date-display-single" property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2020-02-28T00:00:00+00:00">28 Feb 2020</span> </div> <div class="card-summary"> <div class="card-summary-wrapper"> <div class="card-summary"> A compilation of current official UK/global&nbsp;advice and publications relating to the worldwide outbreak of COVID-19.&nbsp; </div> </div> </div> </div><div class="card-footer"> <div class="card-resource-series"> In a series </div> <div class="card-resource-type"> Fact sheet </div> </div></div></a> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-2 views-row-even"> <a class="card resource-card" href="/resources/coronavirus-managing-delirium-in-confirmed-and-suspected-cases"><div class="card-text"><div class="card-content"> <div class="card-title"> <h3>Coronavirus: Managing delirium in confirmed and suspected cases</h3> </div> <div class="card-date-display-override"> <span class="date-display-single" property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2020-03-19T00:00:00+00:00">19 Mar 2020</span> </div> <div class="card-summary"> <div class="card-summary-wrapper"> <div class="card-summary"> This consensus advice has been drawn up by experts from the BGS, EDA and RCPsych. It should be used in conjunction with local policy and governance practice employed within your own organisation. </div> </div> </div> </div><div class="card-footer"> <div class="card-resource-series"> In a series </div> <div class="card-resource-type"> Good practice guide </div> </div></div></a> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-3 views-row-odd"> <a class="card resource-card" href="/resources/covid-19-and-medicines-advice-for-older-people"><div class="card-text"><div class="card-content"> <div class="card-title"> <h3>COVID-19 and medicines advice for older people</h3> </div> <div class="card-date-display-override"> <span class="date-display-single" property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2020-03-17T00:00:00+00:00">17 Mar 2020</span> </div> <div class="card-summary"> <div class="card-summary-wrapper"> <div class="card-summary"> Older people are particularly at risk from complications as a result of COVID-19 and many are likely to already be taking medication for other conditions. </div> </div> </div> </div><div class="card-footer"> <div class="card-resource-series"> In a series </div> <div class="card-resource-type"> Good practice guide </div> </div></div></a> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-4 views-row-even views-row-last"> <a class="card resource-card" href="/resources/covid-19-stress-coping-and-resilience"><div class="card-text"><div class="card-content"> <div class="card-title"> <h3>COVID-19: Stress, coping and resilience</h3> </div> <div class="card-date-display-override"> <span class="date-display-single" property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2020-03-19T00:00:00+00:00">19 Mar 2020</span> </div> <div class="card-summary"> <div class="card-summary-wrapper"> <div class="card-summary"> Scottish Quality &amp; 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