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J. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20M.%20Yue"> T. M. Yue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20N.%20Guo"> Z. N. Guo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper reports the effects of laser energy on the characteristics of bubbles generated in the weld zone and the formation of new chemical bonds at the Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)/Ti joint interface in laser joining of PET to Ti. The samples were produced by using different laser energies ranging from 1.5 J – 6 J in steps of 1.5 J, while all other joining parameters remained unchanged. The types of chemical bonding at the joint interface were analysed by the x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) depth-profiling method. The results show that the characteristics of the bubbles and the thickness of the chemically bonded interface, which contains the laser generated bonds of Ti–C and Ti–O, increase markedly with increasing laser energy input. The tensile failure load of the joint depends on the combined effect of the amount and distribution of the bubbles formed and the chemical bonding intensity of the joint interface. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20direct%20joining" title="laser direct joining">laser direct joining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ti%2FPET%20interface" title=" Ti/PET interface"> Ti/PET interface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20energy" title=" laser energy"> laser energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XPS%20depth%20profiling" title=" XPS depth profiling"> XPS depth profiling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20bond" title=" chemical bond"> chemical bond</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tensile%20failure%20load" title=" tensile failure load"> tensile failure load</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52818/effect-of-laser-input-energy-on-the-laser-joining-of-polyethylene-terephthalate-to-titanium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52818.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">219</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4399</span> Laser Welding of Titanium Alloy Ti64 to Polyamide 6.6: Effects of Welding Parameters on Temperature Profile Evolution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Al-Sayyad">A. Al-Sayyad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Lama"> P. Lama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Bardon"> J. Bardon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Hirchenhahn"> P. Hirchenhahn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Houssiau"> L. Houssiau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Plapper"> P. Plapper</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Composite metal–polymer materials, in particular titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) to polyamide (PA6.6), fabricated by laser joining, have gained cogent interest among industries and researchers concerned with aerospace and biomedical applications. This work adopts infrared (IR) thermography technique to investigate effects of laser parameters used in the welding process on the three-dimensional temperature profile at the rear-side of titanium, at the region to be welded with polyamide. Cross sectional analysis of welded joints showed correlations between the morphology of titanium and polyamide at the weld zone with the corresponding temperature profile. In particular, spatial temperature profile was found to be correlated with the laser beam energy density, titanium molten pool width and depth, and polyamide heat affected zone depth. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20welding" title="laser welding">laser welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metals%20to%20polymers%20joining" title=" metals to polymers joining"> metals to polymers joining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20monitoring" title=" process monitoring"> process monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature%20profile" title=" temperature profile"> temperature profile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermography" title=" thermography"> thermography</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114332/laser-welding-of-titanium-alloy-ti64-to-polyamide-66-effects-of-welding-parameters-on-temperature-profile-evolution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114332.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4398</span> Investigations on the Micro Hardness and Compression Properties of Direct Metal Laser Sintered Ti-6Al–4V Alloy for Bio-Implant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Franklin%20O.%20Ochonogor">Franklin O. Ochonogor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kabelo%20M.%20R."> Kabelo M. R.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mark%20Walker"> Mark Walker</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The high demand for additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V alloys for bio-implants has motivated this research paper. This paper investigates the hardness and compression properties of Ti-6Al-4V alloys. The direct metal laser sintering process was used to manufacture Ti6Al4V lattice structures with Young’s modulus, a replica of cortical bones, which are within the range of 2–20 GPa. These structures were manufactured at different build orientations (Horizontal and Vertical) and strut sizes (1 and 1.5 mm). The microstructure study demonstrated a change from α' to α+β lamellar type structure. The transformation in the microstructure of lamellar α and interlayered β in the colony was closely related to their deformation compatibility. The microhardness and Compression of Direct Metal Laser sintering Ti-6Al-4V alloy were investigated and reported accordingly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro%20hardness" title="micro hardness">micro hardness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compression%20properties" title=" compression properties"> compression properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20metal%20laser%20sintered" title=" direct metal laser sintered"> direct metal laser sintered</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ti-6Al%E2%80%934V%20alloy" title=" Ti-6Al–4V alloy"> Ti-6Al–4V alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-implant" title=" bio-implant"> bio-implant</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/198877/investigations-on-the-micro-hardness-and-compression-properties-of-direct-metal-laser-sintered-ti-6al-4v-alloy-for-bio-implant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/198877.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4397</span> Parameter Optimization and Thermal Simulation in Laser Joining of Coach Peel Panels of Dissimilar Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masoud%20Mohammadpour">Masoud Mohammadpour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Blair%20Carlson"> Blair Carlson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radovan%20Kovacevic"> Radovan Kovacevic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The quality of laser welded-brazed (LWB) joints were strongly dependent on the main process parameters, therefore the effect of laser power (3.2–4 kW), welding speed (60–80 mm/s) and wire feed rate (70–90 mm/s) on mechanical strength and surface roughness were investigated in this study. The comprehensive optimization process by means of response surface methodology (RSM) and desirability function was used for multi-criteria optimization. The experiments were planned based on Box– Behnken design implementing linear and quadratic polynomial equations for predicting the desired output properties. Finally, validation experiments were conducted on an optimized process condition which exhibited good agreement between the predicted and experimental results. AlSi3Mn1 was selected as the filler material for joining aluminum alloy 6022 and hot-dip galvanized steel in coach peel configuration. The high scanning speed could control the thickness of IMC as thin as 5 µm. The thermal simulations of joining process were conducted by the Finite Element Method (FEM), and results were validated through experimental data. The Fe/Al interfacial thermal history evidenced that the duration of critical temperature range (700–900 °C) in this high scanning speed process was less than 1 s. This short interaction time leads to the formation of reaction-control IMC layer instead of diffusion-control mechanisms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20welding-brazing" title="laser welding-brazing">laser welding-brazing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element" title=" finite element"> finite element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=response%20surface%20methodology%20%28RSM%29" title=" response surface methodology (RSM)"> response surface methodology (RSM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-response%20optimization" title=" multi-response optimization"> multi-response optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross-beam%20laser" title=" cross-beam laser"> cross-beam laser</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82651/parameter-optimization-and-thermal-simulation-in-laser-joining-of-coach-peel-panels-of-dissimilar-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82651.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">353</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4396</span> High-Production Laser and Plasma Welding Technologies for High-Speed Vessels Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20M.%20Levshakov">V. M. Levshakov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20A.%20Steshenkova"> N. A. Steshenkova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20A.%20Nosyrev"> N. A. Nosyrev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Application of hulls processing technologies, based on high-concentrated energy sources (laser and plasma technologies), allow improve shipbuilding production. It is typical for high-speed vessels construction using steel and aluminum alloys with high precision hulls required. Report describes high-performance technologies for plasma welding (using direct current of reversed polarity), laser, and hybrid laser-arc welding of hulls structures developed by JSC “SSTC”. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flat%20sections" title="flat sections">flat sections</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20laser-arc%20welding" title=" hybrid laser-arc welding"> hybrid laser-arc welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20welding" title=" plasma welding"> plasma welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasmatron" title=" plasmatron"> plasmatron</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8894/high-production-laser-and-plasma-welding-technologies-for-high-speed-vessels-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8894.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">453</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4395</span> Joining of Aluminum and Steel in Car Body Manufacturing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Mahdi%20Mohammadi">Mohammad Mahdi Mohammadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Zinc-coated steel sheets have been joined with aluminum samples in an overlapping as well as in a butt-joint configuration. A bi-metal-wire composed from aluminum and steel was used for additional welding experiments. An advantage of the laser-assisted bi-metal-wire welding is that the welding process is simplified since the primary joint between aluminium and steel exists already and laser welding occurs only between similar materials. FEM-simulations of the process were chosen to determine the ideal dimensions with respect to the formability of the bi-metal-wire. A prototype demonstrated the feasibility of the process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=car%20body" title="car body">car body</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20sheets" title=" steel sheets"> steel sheets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=formability%20of%20bi-metal-wire" title=" formability of bi-metal-wire"> formability of bi-metal-wire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser-assisted%20bi-metal-wire" title=" laser-assisted bi-metal-wire"> laser-assisted bi-metal-wire</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1580/joining-of-aluminum-and-steel-in-car-body-manufacturing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1580.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">517</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4394</span> The Experimental and Numerical Analysis of the Joining Processes for Air Conditioning Systems </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.St.%20W%C4%99glowski">M.St. Węglowski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Miara"> D. Miara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20B%C5%82acha"> S. Błacha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Dworak"> J. Dworak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Ryka%C5%82a"> J. Rykała</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Kwieci%C5%84ski"> K. Kwieciński</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Piku%C5%82a"> J. Pikuła</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Ziobro"> G. Ziobro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Szafron"> A. Szafron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Zimierska-Nowak"> P. Zimierska-Nowak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Richert"> M. Richert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Noga"> P. Noga</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the paper the results of welding of car’s air-conditioning elements are presented. These systems based on, mainly, the environmental unfriendly refrigerants. Thus, the producers of cars will have to stop using traditional refrigerant and to change it to carbon dioxide (R744). This refrigerant is environmental friendly. However, it should be noted that the air condition system working with R744 refrigerant operates at high temperature (up to 150 °C) and high pressure (up to 130 bar). These two parameters are much higher than for other refrigerants. Thus new materials, design as well as joining technologies are strongly needed for these systems. AISI 304 and 316L steels as well as aluminium alloys 5xxx are ranked among the prospective materials. As a joining process laser welding, plasma welding, electron beam welding as well as high rotary friction welding can be applied. In the study, the metallographic examination based on light microscopy as well as SEM was applied to estimate the quality of welded joints. The analysis of welding was supported by numerical modelling based on Sysweld software. The results indicated that using laser, plasma and electron beam welding, it is possible to obtain proper quality of welds in stainless steel. Moreover, high rotary friction welding allows to guarantee the metallic continuity in the aluminium welded area. The metallographic examination revealed that the grain growth in the heat affected zone (HAZ) in laser and electron beam welded joints were not observed. It is due to low heat input and short welding time. The grain growth and subgrains can be observed at room temperature when the solidification mode is austenitic. This caused low microstructural changes during solidification. The columnar grain structure was found in the weld metal. Meanwhile, the equiaxed grains were detected in the interface. The numerical modelling of laser welding process allowed to estimate the temperature profile in the welded joint as well as predicts the dimensions of welds. The agreement between FEM analysis and experimental data was achieved.   <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=car%E2%80%99s%20air%E2%80%93conditioning" title="car’s air–conditioning">car’s air–conditioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20modelling" title=" numerical modelling"> numerical modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welding" title=" welding"> welding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67790/the-experimental-and-numerical-analysis-of-the-joining-processes-for-air-conditioning-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67790.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">414</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4393</span> Effect of Pre-bonding Storage Period on Laser-treated Al Surfaces</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rio%20Hirakawa">Rio Hirakawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christian%20Gundlach"> Christian Gundlach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sven%20Hartwig"> Sven Hartwig</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, the use of aluminium has further expanded and is expected to replace steel in the future as vehicles become lighter and more recyclable in order to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and improve fuel economy. In line with this, structures and components are becoming increasingly multi-material, with different materials, including aluminium, being used in combination to improve mechanical utility and performance. A common method of assembling dissimilar materials is mechanical fastening, but it has several drawbacks, such as increased manufacturing processes and the influence of substrate-specific mechanical properties. Adhesive bonding and fusion bonding are methods that overcome the above disadvantages. In these two joining methods, surface pre-treatment of the substrate is always necessary to ensure the strength and durability of the joint. Previous studies have shown that laser surface treatment improves the strength and durability of the joint. Yan et al. showed that laser surface treatment of aluminium alloys changes α-Al2O3 in the oxide layer to γ-Al2O3. As γ-Al2O3 has a large specific surface area, is very porous and chemically active, laser-treated aluminium surfaces are expected to undergo physico-chemical changes over time and adsorb moisture and organic substances from the air or storage atmosphere. The impurities accumulated on the laser-treated surface may be released at the adhesive and bonding interface by the heat input to the bonding system during the joining phase, affecting the strength and durability of the joint. However, only a few studies have discussed the effect of such storage periods on laser-treated surfaces. This paper, therefore, investigates the ageing of laser-treated aluminium alloy surfaces through thermal analysis, electrochemical analysis and microstructural observations.AlMg3 of 0.5 mm and 1.5 mm thickness was cut using a water-jet cutting machine, cleaned and degreased with isopropanol and surface pre-treated with a pulsed fibre laser at 1060 nm wavelength, 70 W maximum power and 55 kHz repetition frequency. The aluminium surface was then analysed using SEM, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) after storage in air for various periods ranging from one day to several months TGA and FTIR analysed impurities adsorbed on the aluminium surface, while CV revealed changes in the true electrochemically active surface area. SEM also revealed visual changes on the treated surface. In summary, the changes in the laser-treated aluminium surface with storage time were investigated, and the final results were used to determine the appropriate storage period. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20surface%20treatment" title="laser surface treatment">laser surface treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-treatment" title=" pre-treatment"> pre-treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesion" title=" adhesion"> adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bonding" title=" bonding"> bonding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion" title=" corrosion"> corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title=" durability"> durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dissimilar%20material%20interface" title=" dissimilar material interface"> dissimilar material interface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automotive" title=" automotive"> automotive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminium%20alloys" title=" aluminium alloys"> aluminium alloys</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169560/effect-of-pre-bonding-storage-period-on-laser-treated-al-surfaces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169560.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">87</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4392</span> Wobbled Laser Beam Welding for Macro-to Micro-Fabrication Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farzad%20Vakili-Farahani">Farzad Vakili-Farahani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joern%20Lungershausen"> Joern Lungershausen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kilian%20Wasmer"> Kilian Wasmer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wobbled laser beam welding, fast oscillations of a tiny laser beam within a designed path (weld geometry) during the laser pulse illumination, opens new possibilities to improve the marco-to micro-manufacturing process. The present work introduces the wobbled laser beam welding as a robust welding strategy for improving macro-to micro-fabrication process, e.g., the laser processing for gap-bridging and packaging industry. The typical requisites and relevant equipment for the development of a wobbled laser processing unit are addressed, including a suitable laser source, light delivery system, optics, proper beam deflection system and the design geometry. In addition, experiments have been carried out on titanium plate to compare the results of wobbled laser welding with conventional pulsed laser welding. As compared to the pulsed laser welding, the wobbled laser welding offers a much greater fusion area (i.e. additional molten material) while minimizing the HAZ and provides a better confinement of the material microstructural changes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wobbled%20laser%20beam%20welding" title="wobbled laser beam welding">wobbled laser beam welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wobbling%20function" title=" wobbling function"> wobbling function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beam%20oscillation" title=" beam oscillation"> beam oscillation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro%20welding" title=" micro welding"> micro welding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56603/wobbled-laser-beam-welding-for-macro-to-micro-fabrication-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56603.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">338</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4391</span> Direct Laser Fabrication and Characterization of Cu-Al-Ni Shape Memory Alloy for Seismic Damping Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gonzalo%20Reyes">Gonzalo Reyes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Magdalena%20Walczak"> Magdalena Walczak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esteban%20Ramos-Moore"> Esteban Ramos-Moore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jorge%20Ramos-Grez"> Jorge Ramos-Grez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Metal additive manufacture technologies have gained strong support and acceptance as a promising and alternative method to manufacture high performance complex geometry products. The main purpose of the present work is to study the microstructure and phase transformation temperatures of Cu-Al-Ni shape memory alloys fabricated from a direct laser additive process using metallic powders as precursors. The potential application is to manufacture self-centering seismic dampers for earthquake protection of buildings out of a copper based alloy by an additive process. In this process, the Cu-Al-Ni alloy is melted, inside of a high temperature and vacuum chamber with the aid of a high power fiber laser under inert atmosphere. The laser provides the energy to melt the alloy powder layer. The process allows fabricating fully dense, oxygen-free Cu-Al-Ni specimens using different laser power levels, laser powder interaction times, furnace ambient temperatures, and cooling rates as well as modifying concentration of the alloying elements. Two sets of specimens were fabricated with a nominal composition of Cu-13Al-3Ni and Cu-13Al-4Ni in wt.%, however, semi-quantitative chemical analysis using EDX examination showed that the specimens’ resulting composition was closer to Cu-12Al-5Ni and Cu-11Al-8Ni, respectively. In spite of that fact, it is expected that the specimens should still possess shape memory behavior. To confirm this hypothesis, phase transformation temperatures will be measured using DSC technique, to look for martensitic and austenitic phase transformations at 150°C. So far, metallographic analysis of the specimens showed defined martensitic microstructures. Moreover, XRD technique revealed diffraction peaks corresponding to (0 0 18) and (1 2 8) planes, which are too associated with the presence of martensitic phase. We conclude that it would be possible to obtain fully dense Cu-Al-Ni alloys having shape memory effect behavior by direct laser fabrication process, and to advance into fabrication of self centering seismic dampers by a controllable metal additive manufacturing process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cu-Al-Ni%20alloys" title="Cu-Al-Ni alloys">Cu-Al-Ni alloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20laser%20fabrication" title=" direct laser fabrication"> direct laser fabrication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shape%20memory%20alloy" title=" shape memory alloy"> shape memory alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-centering%20seismic%20dampers" title=" self-centering seismic dampers"> self-centering seismic dampers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26623/direct-laser-fabrication-and-characterization-of-cu-al-ni-shape-memory-alloy-for-seismic-damping-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26623.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">519</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4390</span> 3D Writing on Photosensitive Glass-Ceramics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Busuioc">C. Busuioc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Jinga"> S. Jinga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Pavel"> E. Pavel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Optical lithography is a key technique in the development of sub-5 nm patterns for the semiconductor industry. We have already reported that the best results obtained with respect to direct laser writing process on active media, such as glass-ceramics, are achieved only when the energy of the laser radiation is absorbed in discrete quantities. Further, we need to clarify the role of active centers concentration in silver nanocrystals natural generation, as well as in fluorescent rare-earth nanostructures formation. As a consequence, samples with different compositions were prepared. SEM, AFM, TEM and STEM investigations were employed in order to demonstrate that few nm width lines can be written on fluorescent photosensitive glass-ceramics, these being efficient absorbers. Moreover, we believe that the experimental data will lead to the best choice in terms of active centers amount, laser power and glass-ceramic matrix. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glass-ceramics" title="glass-ceramics">glass-ceramics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20laser%20writing" title=" 3D laser writing"> 3D laser writing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20disks" title=" optical disks"> optical disks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20storage" title=" data storage"> data storage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44556/3d-writing-on-photosensitive-glass-ceramics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44556.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">306</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4389</span> Laser Beam Bending via Lenses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Remzi%20Yildirim">Remzi Yildirim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatih.%20V.%20%C3%87elebi"> Fatih. V. Çelebi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Haldun%20G%C3%B6kta%C5%9F"> H. Haldun Göktaş</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Behzat%20%C5%9Eahin"> A. Behzat Şahin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study is about a single component cylindrical structured lens with gradient curve which we used for bending laser beams. It operates under atmospheric conditions and bends the laser beam independent of temperature, pressure, polarity, polarization, magnetic field, electric field, radioactivity, and gravity. A single piece cylindrical lens that can bend laser beams is invented. Lenses are made of transparent, tinted or colored glasses and used for undermining or absorbing the energy of the laser beams. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser" title="laser">laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bending" title=" bending"> bending</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lens" title=" lens"> lens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=light" title=" light"> light</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20optics" title=" nonlinear optics"> nonlinear optics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22254/laser-beam-bending-via-lenses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22254.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">492</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4388</span> Laser Light Bending via Lenses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Remzi%20Yildirim">Remzi Yildirim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatih%20V.%20%C3%87elebi"> Fatih V. Çelebi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Haldun%20G%C3%B6kta%C5%9F"> H. Haldun Göktaş</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Behzat%20%C5%9Eahin"> A. Behzat Şahin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study is about a single component cylindrical structured lens with gradient curve which we used for bending laser beams. It operates under atmospheric conditions and bends the laser beam independent of temperature, pressure, polarity, polarization, magnetic field, electric field, radioactivity, and gravity. A single piece cylindrical lens that can bend laser beams is invented. Lenses are made of transparent, tinted or colored glasses and used for undermining or absorbing the energy of the laser beams. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser" title="laser">laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bending" title=" bending"> bending</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lens" title=" lens"> lens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=light" title=" light"> light</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20optics" title=" nonlinear optics"> nonlinear optics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22251/laser-light-bending-via-lenses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22251.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">708</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4387</span> Investigation of Beam Defocusing Impact in Millisecond Laser Drilling for Variable Operational Currents</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saad%20Nawaz">Saad Nawaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu%20Gang">Yu Gang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baber%20Saeed%20Olakh"> Baber Saeed Olakh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Bilal%20Awan"> M. Bilal Awan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Owing to its exceptional performance and precision, laser drilling is being widely used in modern manufacturing industries. This experimental study mainly addressed the defocusing of laser beam along with different operational currents. The performance has been evaluated in terms of tapering phenomena, entrance and exit diameters etc. The operational currents have direct influence on laser power which ultimately affected the shape of the drilled hole. Different operational currents in low, medium and high ranges are used for laser drilling of 18CrNi8. Experiment results have depicted that there is an increase in entrance diameter with an increase in defocusing distance. However, the exit diameter first decreases and then increases with respect to increasing defocusing length. The evolution of drilled hole from tapered to straight hole has been explained with defocusing at different levels. The optimum parametric combinations for attaining perfect shape of drilled hole is proposed along with lower heat treatment effects for higher process efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=millisecond%20laser" title="millisecond laser">millisecond laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=defocusing%20beam" title=" defocusing beam"> defocusing beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operational%20current" title=" operational current"> operational current</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=keyhole%20profile" title=" keyhole profile"> keyhole profile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recast%20layer" title=" recast layer"> recast layer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96126/investigation-of-beam-defocusing-impact-in-millisecond-laser-drilling-for-variable-operational-currents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96126.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4386</span> Application of Laser Spectroscopy for Detection of Actinides and Lanthanides in Solutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Igor%20Izosimov">Igor Izosimov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work is devoted to applications of the Time-resolved laser-induced luminescence (TRLIF) spectroscopy and time-resolved laser-induced chemiluminescence spectroscopy for detection of lanthanides and actinides. Results of the experiments on Eu, Sm, U, and Pu detection in solutions are presented. The limit of uranyl detection (LOD) in urine in our TRLIF experiments was up to 5 pg/ml. In blood plasma LOD was 0.1 ng/ml and after mineralization was up to 8pg/ml – 10pg/ml. In pure solution, the limit of detection of europium was 0.005ng/ml and samarium, 0.07ng/ml. After addition urine, the limit of detection of europium was 0.015 ng/ml and samarium, 0.2 ng/ml. Pu, Np, and some U compounds do not produce direct luminescence in solutions, but when excited by laser radiation, they can induce chemiluminescence of some chemiluminogen (luminol in our experiments). It is shown that multi-photon scheme of chemiluminescence excitation makes chemiluminescence not only a highly sensitive but also a highly selective tool for the detection of lanthanides/actinides in solutions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=actinides%2Flanthanides%20detection" title="actinides/lanthanides detection">actinides/lanthanides detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20spectroscopy%20with%20time%20resolution" title=" laser spectroscopy with time resolution"> laser spectroscopy with time resolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=luminescence%2Fchemiluminescence" title=" luminescence/chemiluminescence"> luminescence/chemiluminescence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solutions" title=" solutions"> solutions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61605/application-of-laser-spectroscopy-for-detection-of-actinides-and-lanthanides-in-solutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61605.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">340</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4385</span> Hole Characteristics of Percussion and Single Pulse Laser-Incised Radiata Pine and the Effects of Wood Anatomy on Laser-Incision</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Subhasisa%20Nath">Subhasisa Nath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Waugh"> David Waugh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Graham%20Ormondroyd"> Graham Ormondroyd</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morwenna%20Spear"> Morwenna Spear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andy%20Pitman"> Andy Pitman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20Mason"> Paul Mason</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wood is one of the most sustainable and environmentally favourable materials and is chemically treated in timber industries to maximise durability. To increase the chemical preservative uptake and retention by the wood, current limiting incision technologies are commonly used. This work reports the effects of single pulse CO2 laser-incision and frequency tripled Nd:YAG percussion laser-incision on the characteristics of laser-incised holes in the Radiata Pine. The laser-incision studies were based on changing laser wavelengths, energies and focal planes to conclude on an optimised combination for the laser-incision of Radiata Pine. The laser pulse duration had a dominant effect over laser power in controlling hole aspect ratio in CO2 laser-incision. A maximum depth of ~ 30 mm was measured with a laser power output of 170 W and a pulse duration of 80 ms. However, increased laser power led to increased carbonisation of holes. The carbonisation effect was reduced during laser-incision in the ultra-violet (UV) regime. Deposition of a foamy phase on the laser-incised hole wall was evident irrespective of laser radiation wavelength and energy. A maximum hole depth of ~20 mm was measured in the percussion laser-incision in the UV regime (355 nm) with a pulse energy of 320 mJ. The radial and tangential faces had a significant effect on laser-incision efficiency for all laser wavelengths. The laser-incised hole shapes and circularities were affected by the wood anatomy (earlywoods and latewoods in the structure). Subsequently, the mechanism of laser-incision is proposed by analysing the internal structure of laser-incised holes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO2%20Laser" title="CO2 Laser">CO2 Laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nd%3A%20YAG%20laser" title=" Nd: YAG laser"> Nd: YAG laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=incision" title=" incision"> incision</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drilling" title=" drilling"> drilling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wood" title=" wood"> wood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hole%20characteristics" title=" hole characteristics"> hole characteristics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138450/hole-characteristics-of-percussion-and-single-pulse-laser-incised-radiata-pine-and-the-effects-of-wood-anatomy-on-laser-incision" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138450.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">250</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4384</span> Advancements in Laser Welding Process: A Comprehensive Model for Predictive Geometrical, Metallurgical, and Mechanical Characteristics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyedeh%20Fatemeh%20Nabavi">Seyedeh Fatemeh Nabavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Dalir"> Hamid Dalir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anooshiravan%20Farshidianfar"> Anooshiravan Farshidianfar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Laser welding is pivotal in modern manufacturing, offering unmatched precision, speed, and efficiency. Its versatility in minimizing heat-affected zones, seamlessly joining dissimilar materials, and working with various metals makes it indispensable for crafting intricate automotive components. Integration into automated systems ensures consistent delivery of high-quality welds, thereby enhancing overall production efficiency. Noteworthy are the safety benefits of laser welding, including reduced fumes and consumable materials, which align with industry standards and environmental sustainability goals. As the automotive sector increasingly demands advanced materials and stringent safety and quality standards, laser welding emerges as a cornerstone technology. A comprehensive model encompassing thermal dynamic and characteristics models accurately predicts geometrical, metallurgical, and mechanical aspects of the laser beam welding process. Notably, Model 2 showcases exceptional accuracy, achieving remarkably low error rates in predicting primary and secondary dendrite arm spacing (PDAS and SDAS). These findings underscore the model's reliability and effectiveness, providing invaluable insights and predictive capabilities crucial for optimizing welding processes and ensuring superior productivity, efficiency, and quality in the automotive industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20welding%20process" title="laser welding process">laser welding process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geometrical%20characteristics" title=" geometrical characteristics"> geometrical characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20characteristics" title=" mechanical characteristics"> mechanical characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metallurgical%20characteristics" title=" metallurgical characteristics"> metallurgical characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comprehensive%20model" title=" comprehensive model"> comprehensive model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20dynamic" title=" thermal dynamic"> thermal dynamic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182985/advancements-in-laser-welding-process-a-comprehensive-model-for-predictive-geometrical-metallurgical-and-mechanical-characteristics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182985.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">55</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4383</span> Micro-Study of Dissimilar Welded Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ezzeddin%20Anawa">Ezzeddin Anawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdol-Ghane%20Olabi"> Abdol-Ghane Olabi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The dissimilar joint between aluminum /titanium alloys (Al 6082 and Ti G2) alloys were successfully achieved by CO2 laser welding with a single pass and without filler material using the overlap joint design. Laser welding parameters ranges combinations were experimentally determined using Taguchi approach with the objective of producing welded joint with acceptable welding profile and high quality of mechanical properties. In this study a joining of dissimilar Al 6082 / Ti G2 was result in three distinct regions fusion area (FA), heat-affected zone (HAZ), and the unaffected base metal (BM) in the weldment. These regions are studied in terms of its microstructural characteristics and microhardness which are directly affecting the welding quality. The weld metal was mainly composed of martensite alpha prime. In two different metals in the two different sides of joint HAZ, grain growth was detected. The microhardness of the joint distribution also has shown microhardness increasing in the HAZ of two base metals and a varying microhardness in fusion zone. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microharness" title="microharness ">microharness </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20welding%20and%20dissimilar%20jointed%20materials." title=" laser welding and dissimilar jointed materials."> laser welding and dissimilar jointed materials.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6976/micro-study-of-dissimilar-welded-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6976.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4382</span> Enhancing of Laser Imaging by Using Ultrasound Effect</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hayder%20Raad%20Hafuze">Hayder Raad Hafuze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Munqith%20Saleem%20Dawood"> Munqith Saleem Dawood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Abdul%20Jabbar"> Jamal Abdul Jabbar </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effect of using both ultrasounds with laser in medical imaging of the biological tissue has been studied in this paper. Different wave lengths of incident laser light (405 nm, 532 nm, 650 nm, 808 nm and 1064 nm) were used with different ultrasound frequencies (1MHz and 3.3MHz). The results showed that, the change of acoustic intensity enhance the laser penetration of the tissue for different thickness. The existence of the ideal Raman-Nath diffraction pattern were investigated in terms of phase delay and incident angle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tissue" title="tissue">tissue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser" title=" laser"> laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effect" title=" effect"> effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imaging" title=" imaging "> imaging </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45517/enhancing-of-laser-imaging-by-using-ultrasound-effect" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45517.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">442</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4381</span> Friction Stir Welding Process as a Solid State Joining -A Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Anees%20Siddiqui">Mohd Anees Siddiqui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20A.%20H.%20Jafri"> S. A. H. Jafri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahnawaz%20Alam"> Shahnawaz Alam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Through this paper an attempt is made to review a special welding technology of friction stir welding (FSW) which is a solid-state joining. Friction stir welding is used for joining of two plates which are applied compressive force by using fixtures over the work table. This is a non consumable type welding technique in which a rotating tool of cylindrical shape is used. Process parameters such as tool geometry, joint design and process speed are discussed in the paper. Comparative study of Friction stir welding with other welding techniques such as MIG, TIG & GMAW is also done. Some light is put on several major applications of friction stir welding in different industries. Quality and environmental aspects of friction stir welding is also discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20stir%20welding%20%28FSW%29" title="friction stir welding (FSW)">friction stir welding (FSW)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20parameters" title=" process parameters"> process parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tool" title=" tool"> tool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20state%20joining%20processes" title=" solid state joining processes "> solid state joining processes </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24239/friction-stir-welding-process-as-a-solid-state-joining-a-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24239.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">509</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4380</span> Laser Shock Peening of Additively Manufactured Nickel-Based Superalloys</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Munther">Michael Munther</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keivan%20Davami"> Keivan Davami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One significant roadblock for additively manufactured (AM) parts is the buildup of residual tensile stresses during the fabrication process. These residual stresses are formed due to the intense localized thermal gradients and high cooling rates that cause non-uniform material expansion/contraction and mismatched strain profiles during powder-bed fusion techniques, such as direct metal laser sintering (DMLS). The residual stresses adversely affect the fatigue life of the AM parts. Moreover, if the residual stresses become higher than the material’s yield strength, they will lead to acute geometric distortion. These are limiting the applications and acceptance of AM components for safety-critical applications. Herein, we discuss laser shock peening method as an advanced technique for the manipulation of the residual stresses in AM parts. An X-ray diffraction technique is used for the measurements of the residual stresses before and after the laser shock peening process. Also, the hardness of the structures is measured using a nanoindentation technique. Maps of nanohardness and modulus are obtained from the nanoindentation, and a correlation is made between the residual stresses and the mechanical properties. The results indicate that laser shock peening is able to induce compressive residual stresses in the structure that mitigate the tensile residual stresses and increase the hardness of AM IN718, a superalloy, almost 20%. No significant changes were observed in the modulus after laser shock peening. The results strongly suggest that laser shock peening can be used as an advanced post-processing technique to optimize the service lives of critical components for various applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=additive%20manufacturing" title="additive manufacturing">additive manufacturing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Inconel%20718" title=" Inconel 718"> Inconel 718</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20shock%20peening" title=" laser shock peening"> laser shock peening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residual%20stresses" title=" residual stresses"> residual stresses</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111318/laser-shock-peening-of-additively-manufactured-nickel-based-superalloys" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111318.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4379</span> Comparative Study of Bending Angle in Laser Forming Process Using Artificial Neural Network and Fuzzy Logic System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Hassani">M. Hassani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Hassani"> Y. Hassani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Ajudanioskooei"> N. Ajudanioskooei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20N.%20Benvid"> N. N. Benvid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Laser Forming process as a non-contact thermal forming process is widely used to forming and bending of metallic and non-metallic sheets. In this process, according to laser irradiation along a specific path, sheet is bent. One of the most important output parameters in laser forming is bending angle that depends on process parameters such as physical and mechanical properties of materials, laser power, laser travel speed and the number of scan passes. In this paper, Artificial Neural Network and Fuzzy Logic System were used to predict of bending angle in laser forming process. Inputs to these models were laser travel speed and laser power. The comparison between artificial neural network and fuzzy logic models with experimental results has been shown both of these models have high ability to prediction of bending angles with minimum errors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20neural%20network" title="artificial neural network">artificial neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bending%20angle" title=" bending angle"> bending angle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20logic" title=" fuzzy logic"> fuzzy logic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20forming" title=" laser forming"> laser forming</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34045/comparative-study-of-bending-angle-in-laser-forming-process-using-artificial-neural-network-and-fuzzy-logic-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34045.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">605</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4378</span> Optimum Er: YAG Laser Parameters for Orthodontic Composite Debonding: An in vitro Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Zamzam">Mohammad Zamzam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wesam%20Bachir"> Wesam Bachir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Imad%20Asaad"> Imad Asaad </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Several studies have produced estimates of Er:YAG laser parameters and specifications but there is still insufficient data for reliable selection of laser parameters. As a consequence, there is a heightened need for ideal specifications of Er:YAG laser to reduce the amount of enamel ablation. The objective of this paper is to investigate the influence of Er:YAG laser parameters, energy level and pulse duration, on orthodontic composite removal after bracket debonding. The sample consisted of 45 cuboids of orthodontic composite made by plastic moulds. The samples were divided into three groups, each was irradiated with Er:YAG laser set at different energy levels and three values for pulse durations (50 µs, 100 µs, and 300 µs). Geometrical parameters (depth and area) of cavities formed by laser irradiation were determined. ANCOVA test showed statistically significant difference (p < 0.0.5) between the groups indicating a potential effect of laser pulse duration on the geometrical parameters after controlling laser energy level. A post-hoc Bonferroni test ranked the 50µ Er:YAG laser pulse as the most influential factor for all geometrical parameters in removing remnant composite from enamel surface. Also, 300 mJ laser pulses caused the largest removal of the composite. The results of the present study demonstrated the efficacy of 50 µs and 300 mJ Er:YAG laser pulse for removal of remnant orthodontic composite. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enamel" title="enamel">enamel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Er%3AYAG" title=" Er:YAG"> Er:YAG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geometrical%20parameters" title=" geometrical parameters"> geometrical parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthodontic%20composite" title=" orthodontic composite"> orthodontic composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remnant%20composite" title=" remnant composite"> remnant composite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6666/optimum-er-yag-laser-parameters-for-orthodontic-composite-debonding-an-in-vitro-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6666.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">562</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4377</span> To Study the Effect of Optic Fibre Laser Cladding of Cast Iron with Silicon Carbide on Wear Rate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kshitij%20Sawke">Kshitij Sawke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pradnyavant%20Kamble"> Pradnyavant Kamble</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shrikant%20Patil"> Shrikant Patil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study investigates the effect on wear rate of laser clad of cast iron with silicon carbide. Metal components fail their desired use because they wear, which causes them to lose their functionality. The laser has been used as a heating source to create a melt pool over the surface of cast iron, and then a layer of hard silicon carbide is deposited. Various combinations of power and feed rate of laser have experimented. A suitable range of laser processing parameters was identified. Wear resistance and wear rate properties were evaluated and the result showed that the wear resistance of the laser treated samples was exceptional to that of the untreated samples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20clad" title="laser clad">laser clad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=processing%20parameters" title=" processing parameters"> processing parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear%20rate" title=" wear rate"> wear rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear%20resistance" title=" wear resistance"> wear resistance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76458/to-study-the-effect-of-optic-fibre-laser-cladding-of-cast-iron-with-silicon-carbide-on-wear-rate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76458.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">261</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4376</span> Optical Diagnostics of Corona Discharge by Laser Interferometry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Bendimerad">N. Bendimerad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Lemerini"> M. Lemerini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Guen"> A. Guen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, we propose to determine the density of neutral particles of an electric discharge peak - Plan types performed in air at atmospheric pressure by applying a technique based on laser interferometry. The experimental methods used so far as the shadowgraph or stereoscopy, give rather qualitative results with regard to the determination of the neutral density. The neutral rotational temperature has been subject of several studies but direct measurements of kinetic temperature are rare. The aim of our work is to determine quantitatively and experimentally depopulation with a Mach-Zehnder type interferometer. This purely optical appearance of the discharge is important when looking to know the refractive index of any gas for any physicochemical applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20source" title="laser source">laser source</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mach-Zehnder%20interferometer" title=" Mach-Zehnder interferometer"> Mach-Zehnder interferometer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=refractive%20index" title=" refractive index"> refractive index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corona%20discharge" title=" corona discharge"> corona discharge</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30938/optical-diagnostics-of-corona-discharge-by-laser-interferometry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30938.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">453</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4375</span> Laser Irradiated GeSn Photodetector for Improved Infrared Photodetection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrik%20Scajev">Patrik Scajev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pavels%20Onufrijevs"> Pavels Onufrijevs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algirdas%20Mekys"> Algirdas Mekys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tadas%20Malinauskas"> Tadas Malinauskas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dominykas%20Augulis"> Dominykas Augulis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liudvikas%20Subacius"> Liudvikas Subacius</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuo-Chih%20Lee"> Kuo-Chih Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jevgenijs%20Kaupuzs"> Jevgenijs Kaupuzs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arturs%20Medvids"> Arturs Medvids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hung%20Hsiang%20Cheng"> Hung Hsiang Cheng </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, we focused on the optoelectronic properties of the photodiodes prepared by using 200 nm thick Ge₀.₉₅Sn₀.₀₅ epitaxial layers on Ge/n-Si substrate with aluminum contacts. Photodiodes were formed on non-irradiated and Nd: YAG laser irradiated Ge₀.₉₅Sn₀.₀₅ layers. The samples were irradiated by pulsed Nd: YAG laser with 136.7-462.6 MW/cm² intensity. The photodiodes were characterized by using short laser pulses with the wavelength in the 2.0-2.6 μm range. The laser-irradiated diode was found more sensitive in the long-wavelength range due to laser-induced Sn atoms redistribution providing formation of graded bandgap structure. Sub-millisecond photocurrent relaxation in the diodes revealed their suitability for image sensors. Our findings open the perspective for improving the photo-sensitivity of GeSn alloys in the mid-infrared by pulsed laser processing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GeSn" title="GeSn">GeSn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20processing" title=" laser processing"> laser processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photodetector" title=" photodetector"> photodetector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infrared" title=" infrared"> infrared</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131848/laser-irradiated-gesn-photodetector-for-improved-infrared-photodetection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131848.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">159</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4374</span> Self-Action Effects of a Non-Gaussian Laser Beam Through Plasma </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandeep%20Kumar">Sandeep Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naveen%20Gupta"> Naveen Gupta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The propagation of the Non-Gaussian laser beam results in strong self-focusing as compare to the Gaussian laser beam, which helps to achieve a prerequisite of the plasma-based electron, Terahertz generation, and higher harmonic generations. The theoretical investigation on the evolution of non-Gaussian laser beam through the collisional plasma with ramped density has been presented. The non-uniform irradiance over the cross-section of the laser beam results in redistribution of the carriers that modifies the optical response of the plasma in such a way that the plasma behaves like a converging lens to the laser beam. The formulation is based on finding a semi-analytical solution of the nonlinear Schrodinger wave equation (NLSE) with the help of variational theory. It has been observed that the decentred parameter ‘q’ of laser and wavenumber of ripples of medium contribute to providing the required conditions for the improvement of self-focusing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-Gaussian%20beam" title="non-Gaussian beam">non-Gaussian beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collisional%20plasma" title=" collisional plasma"> collisional plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variational%20theory" title=" variational theory"> variational theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-focusing" title=" self-focusing"> self-focusing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124754/self-action-effects-of-a-non-gaussian-laser-beam-through-plasma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124754.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">204</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4373</span> Manufacturing of Vacuum Glazing with Metal Edge Seal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Won%20Kyeong%20Kang">Won Kyeong Kang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tae-Ho%20Song"> Tae-Ho Song</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Vacuum glazing (VG) is a super insulator, which is able to greatly improve the energy efficiency of building. However, a significant amount of heat loss occurs through the welded edge of conventional VG. The joining method should be improved for further application and commercialization. For this purpose VG with metal edge seal is conceived. In this paper, the feasibility of joining stainless steel and soda lime glass using glass solder is assessed numerically and experimentally. In the case of very thin stainless steel, partial joining with glass is identified, which need further improvement for practical application. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VG" title="VG">VG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal%20edge%20seal" title=" metal edge seal"> metal edge seal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vacuum%20glazing" title=" vacuum glazing"> vacuum glazing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=manufacturing" title=" manufacturing"> manufacturing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=" title=""></a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19368/manufacturing-of-vacuum-glazing-with-metal-edge-seal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19368.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">609</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4372</span> Effect of Ageing of Laser-Treated Surfaces on Corrosion Resistance of Fusion-bonded Al Joints</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rio%20Hirakawa">Rio Hirakawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christian%20Gundlach"> Christian Gundlach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sven%20Hartwig"> Sven Hartwig</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aluminium has been used in a wide range of industrial applications due to its numerous advantages, including excellent specific strength, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, workability and recyclability. The automotive industry is increasingly adopting multi-materials, including aluminium in structures and components to improve the mechanical usability and performance of individual components. A common method for assembling dissimilar materials is mechanical joining, but mechanical joining requires multiple manufacturing steps, affects the mechanical properties of the base material and increases the weight due to additional metal parts. Fusion bonding is being used in more and more industries as a way of avoiding the above drawbacks. Infusion bonding, and surface pre-treatment of the base material is essential to ensure the long-life durability of the joint. Laser surface treatment of aluminium has been shown to improve the durability of the joint by forming a passive oxide film and roughening the substrate surface. Infusion bonding, the polymer bonds directly to the metal instead of the adhesive, but the sensitivity to interfacial contamination is higher due to the chemical activity and molecular size of the polymer. Laser-treated surfaces are expected to absorb impurities from the storage atmosphere over time, but the effect of such changes in the treated surface over time on the durability of fusion-bonded joints has not yet been fully investigated. In this paper, the effect of the ageing of laser-treated surfaces of aluminum alloys on the corrosion resistance of fusion-bonded joints is therefore investigated. AlMg3 of 1.5 mm thickness was cut using a water-jet cutting machine, cleaned and degreased with isopropanol and surface pre-treated with a pulsed fiber laser at a wavelength of 1060 nm, maximum power of 70 W and repetition rate of 55 kHz. The aluminum surfaces were then stored in air for various periods of time and their corrosion resistance was assessed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). For the aluminum joints, induction heating was employed as the fusion bonding method and single-lap shear specimens were prepared. The corrosion resistance of the joints was assessed by measuring the lap shear strength before and after neutral salt spray. Cross-sectional observations by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were also carried out to investigate changes in the microstructure of the bonded interface. Finally, the corrosion resistance of the surface and the joint were compared and the differences in the mechanisms of corrosion resistance enhancement between the two were discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20surface%20treatment" title="laser surface treatment">laser surface treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-treatment" title=" pre-treatment"> pre-treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bonding" title=" bonding"> bonding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion" title=" corrosion"> corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title=" durability"> durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interface" title=" interface"> interface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automotive" title=" automotive"> automotive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminium%20alloys" title=" aluminium alloys"> aluminium alloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint" title=" joint"> joint</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fusion%20bonding" title=" fusion bonding"> fusion bonding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169563/effect-of-ageing-of-laser-treated-surfaces-on-corrosion-resistance-of-fusion-bonded-al-joints" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169563.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4371</span> Simulation of Laser Structuring by Three Dimensional Heat Transfer Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bassim%20Shaheen%20Bachy">Bassim Shaheen Bachy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J%C3%B6rg%20Franke"> Jörg Franke</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, a three dimensional numerical heat transfer model has been used to simulate the laser structuring of polymer substrate material in the Three-Dimensional Molded Interconnect Device (3D MID) which is used in the advanced multi-functional applications. A finite element method (FEM) transient thermal analysis is performed using APDL (ANSYS Parametric Design Language) provided by ANSYS. In this model, the effect of surface heat source was modeled with Gaussian distribution, also the effect of the mixed boundary conditions which consist of convection and radiation heat transfers have been considered in this analysis. The model provides a full description of the temperature distribution, as well as calculates the depth and the width of the groove upon material removal at different set of laser parameters such as laser power and laser speed. This study also includes the experimental procedure to study the effect of laser parameters on the depth and width of the removal groove metal as verification to the modeled results. Good agreement between the experimental and the model results is achieved for a wide range of laser powers. It is found that the quality of the laser structure process is affected by the laser scan speed and laser power. For a high laser structured quality, it is suggested to use laser with high speed and moderate to high laser power. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20structuring" title="laser structuring">laser structuring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20analysis" title=" finite element analysis"> finite element analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20modeling" title=" thermal modeling"> thermal modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12614/simulation-of-laser-structuring-by-three-dimensional-heat-transfer-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12614.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">354</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20direct%20joining&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20direct%20joining&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20direct%20joining&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20direct%20joining&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20direct%20joining&page=6">6</a></li> 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