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post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-skeptisk-mandag tag-alternativmedicin tag-kiropraktik"> <pre class="debug"> post id: 36865 cats: 1 out: 1 tn: https://picsum.photos/960/480/?blur=4 </pre> <header style="background-image: url('https://picsum.photos/960/480/?blur=4');"> <div class="post-categories"> <a href="https://www.vof.se/blogg/category/skeptisk-mandag/" rel="category tag">Skeptisk måndag</a> </div> <h1 class="entry-title">DD Palmer</h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <p class="byline author vcard"> <a href="https://www.vof.se/blogg/author/pontus-bockman/" rel="author" class="fn"> Pontus Böckman</a> </p> <time class="updated" datetime="2025-01-06T07:00:12+00:00">6 januari, 2025</time> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <p><img decoding="async" style="width: 0px;" src="https://www.vof.se/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Mandag-med-VoF-FB-228.png"></p> <figure class="img-right" style="margin-top: -.5em; width: 52%;;margin-left:0px;"><img decoding="async" style="width:70%;float:right;margin-top: 0em border: none;background-color: #ffffff00;" src="/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Mandag-med-VoF_green.png"><br clear=all></p> <div class="teaser">Kiropraktik är en gren av alternativmedicinsk gren som kräver legitimation i Sverige, och generellt anses relativt respektabel. Men vem var det som kom på den här behandlingsformen, och vad var den baserad på?</div> </figure> <figure class="img-left" style="width: 22%; margin-bottom: 0em;"><img decoding="async" style="width: 100%;" alt="DD Palmer" title="DD Palmer" src="https://www.vof.se/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Daniel_David_Palmer.jpg"><figcaption>DD Palmer, uppfinnare av kiropraktik.<br /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Daniel_David_Palmer.jpg">Public domain</a></figcaption></figure> <p><br clear=all></figure> <figure class="img-right" style="width: 35%; margin-bottom: 0em;"><img decoding="async" style="width: 100%;" alt="Palmer College of Chiropractic" title="Palmer College of Chiropractic" src="https://www.vof.se/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/PalmerCampus.jpg"><figcaption>Palmer College of Chiropractic – Davenport.<br /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:PalmerCampus.jpg">Public domain</a></figcaption></figure> <p><strong>Daniel David Palmer</strong> (DD Palmer) föddes 7 mars 1845 i vad som nu är den kanadensiska delstaten Ontario. Hans föräldrar var anhängare av spiritualismen, en tro Palmer själv avfärdade som ung. Enligt vissa uppgifter kallade han sig tidigt som ateist, vilket står i stark kontrast med hans senare syn på <a href="https://www.vof.se/skepdic/kiropraktik/">kiropraktiken</a>, som han grundade.</p> <h2>Palmers tidiga liv</h2> <p>DD Palmer emigrerade från Kanada till Iowa i USA när han var tjugo år. I sin karriär provade han på ett flertal yrken, bland annat biodlare, lärare och försäljning av livsmedel. Han var också intresserad av den tidens populära hälsofilosofier, framför allt magnetisk healing.</p> <p>Som nämnts ovan tog Palmer initialt avstånd från sina föräldrars spiritualism. Detta ändrades när han vid 26 års ålder gifte sig första gången (totalt var han gift sex gånger). Hans mycket unga hustru (hon var bara 13 år vid tillfället) var redan ett etablerat medium som levde på att mot betalning förmedla meddelanden till sina kunder från deras avlidna nära och kära. Palmer skulle senare komma att påstå sig ha liknande förmågor.</p> <p>Enligt egen utsago utbildade han sig i alternativa behandlingsformer som elektropati, kranialdiagnostik, hydroterapi, ansiktsdiagnostik. 1886 startade han en business som utövare av magnetisk behandling. Han blev flera gånger hårt kritiserad i staden Davenport där han verkade, och utpekades som kvacksalvare, bland annat i den lokala tidningen <em>Davenport Leader</em>, 1894:</p> <p><q>A crank on magnetism has a crazy notion that he can cure the sick and crippled with his magnetic hands. His victims are the weak-minded, ignorant and superstitious, those foolish people who have been sick for years and have become tired of the regular physician and want health by the short-cut method… he has certainly profited by the ignorance of his victims… His increase in business shows what can be done in Davenport, even by a quack.</q> <footn>1)</footn></p> <figure class="img-left" style="width: 20%; min-width:155px;"><img decoding="async" style="width: 100%;" alt="Practice of Chiropractic" title="Practice of Chiropractic" src="https://www.vof.se/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Technic_and_practice_of_chiropractic_1915_14596408159.jpg"><figcaption>Bild ur ”Technic and practice of chiropractic”, 1915<br /><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/14596408159/">Flickr</a></figcaption></figure> <h2>Kiropraktik</h2> <p>Det var som utövare av magnetisk healing som han kom i kontakt med kontorsbyggnadens vaktmästare, Harvey Lillard. Lillards hörsel var kraftigt nedsatt och (till synes orelaterat) hade han även en tydlig knöl eller utväxt på ryggen. Enligt en anekdot återberättad av Palmers dotter ska Palmer vid något tillfälle kamratligt ha dunkat Lillard i ryggen som respons till ett skämt. Ett par dagar senare anmärkte Lillard att hans hörsel hade förbättrats efter händelsen.</p> <figure class="img-right" style="width: 20%; min-width:155x;"><img decoding="async" style="width: 100%;" alt="Hästkiropraktor" title="Hästkiropraktor" src="https://www.vof.se/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Dr._Heidi_Bockhold_Adjusts_Horse.jpg"><figcaption>De finns även kiropraktorer som behandlar hästar. <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dr._Heidi_Bockhold_Adjusts_Horse.jpg">CC A-SA 3.0</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Palmer tog incidenten som indikation på att ryggdunkandet och den förbättrade hörseln måste ha ett samband. Han tog det som bevis på att ryggkotor som kommit ur sitt läge (så kallade ”subluxationer”) kunde leda till alla möjliga hälsoproblem. I ytterligare förlängning blev han övertygad om att det i princip inte fanns några besvär eller sjukdomar som inte kunde behandlas med en ”korrigering” av ryggraden.</p> <p>Palmers teorier var inte helt nya. Hans filosofi var påverkad av vitalistiska idéer och (även om han länge förnekade detta) klart inspirerad av <strong>Andrew Taylor Still</strong>s behandlingsform <a href="https://www.vof.se/blogg/osteopati/">osteopati</a>.</p> <p>Palmer började lära ut sina nya behandlingsmetoder till andra. År 1897 grundade han <em>Palmer School and Cure i Davenport</em>, som senare döptes om till <em>Palmer College of Chiropractic</em>.</p> <h2>Religiösa övertoner</h2> <p>DD Palmer hävdade att han hade ”mottagit kiropraktiken från den andra sidan” genom att kanalisera en död läkare vid namn Jim Atkinson. Han betraktade kiropraktik som delvis religiös till sin natur. Vid ett tillfälle beskrev han sig själv som kvasireligiös ledare för kiropraktiken:</p> <p><q>… we must have a religious head, one who is the founder, as did Christ, Muhammad, Jo. Smith, Mrs. Eddy, Martin Luther and other who have founded religions. I am the fountain head. I am the founder of chiropractic in its science, in its art, in its philosophy and in its religious phase.</q> <footn>2)</footn></p> <h2>Senare utveckling och DD Palmers död</h2> <figure class="img-right" style="width: 20%; min-width:155px;"><img decoding="async" style="width: 100%;" alt="BJ Palmer" title="BJ Palmer" src="https://www.vof.se/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/B._J._Palmer_in_a_1925_publication.png"><figcaption>BJ Palmer, son till DD Palmer<br /><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:B._J._Palmer_in_a_1925_publication.png">Public domain</a></figcaption></figure> <p>År 1906 åtalades Palmer i Iowa för att praktisera som läkare utan tillstånd och han tvingades till böter. Kort därefter sålde han kiropraktikskolan till sin son, <strong>BJ Palmer</strong>, och omlokaliserade sin egen verksamhet till västra USA, där han hjälpte till att grunda kiropraktorskolor i Oklahoma, Kalifornien och Oregon.</p> <p>Relationen med sonen BJ Palmer blev snabbt ansträngd. BJ visade sig vara en framgångsrik entreprenör och det var snarare hans förtjänst att kiropraktiken blev populär och växte. DD Palmer kritiserade sin son hårt för den inriktning som sonen valde för kiropraktiken. Sonen i sin tur anklagade fadern för att ha försummat och misshandlat honom och hans syskon när de var små. Det finns också stöd för att DD Palmer mer än en gång fick övernatta i häktet för barnmisshandel.</p> <p>DD Palmers död är också kontroversiell. I augusti 1913 deltog han i en parad i Davenport när han blev påkörd av en bil. Bilen framfördes av hans son BJ. DD Palmer överlevde men avled i oktober samma år. Den officiella dödsorsaken var tyfoidfeber, men enligt vissa uppgifter var det en följd av skadorna från påkörningen. BJ Palmer förklarades dock oskyldig till att ha orsakat faderns död.</p> <p><strong>Länkar:</strong></p> <ul> <li>Wikipedia: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_David_Palmer">Daniel David Palmer</a></li> <li><footn>1)</footn> The New Zealand Medical Journal, David Colquhoun: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090615040740/http://www.nzma.org.nz/journal/121-1278/3158/">Doctor Who? Inappropriate use of titles by some alternative “medicine” practitioners</a></li> <li><footn>2)</footn> Chiro.org: <a href="https://chiro.org/Plus/History/Persons/PalmerDD/PalmerDD%27s_Religion-of-Chiro.pdf">Brev från DD Palmer till PW Johnson, daterat 4 maj 1911 (avskrift)</a></li> <li>The Scathing Atheist Podcast: <a href="https://audioboom.com/posts/8631445-double-d-edition">Ep 618 Double D Edition</a></li> </ul> <p> </p> <p style="width: 75%; border: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: #d0d0d0; padding: 1em; background-color: white;"><strong><span style="font-size: large;">Skeptisk måndag med VoF</span></strong><br /> Varje måndag publicerar vi ett blogginlägg om ett ämne som berör våra intresseområden, dvs vetenskap, pseudovetenskap, myter, konspirationsteorier eller skeptikerrörelsen som sådan.</p> </div> <footer> </footer> <section id="comments" class="comments"> <div id="respond" class="comment-respond"> <h3 id="reply-title" class="comment-reply-title">Lämna ett svar 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