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flora</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: bacteria flora"> <meta name="keywords" content="bacteria flora"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="bacteria flora"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1706</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: bacteria flora</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1706</span> Isolation and Identification of the Dominant Flora of the Intestinal Microbiota of Rattus norvegicus an Algerian Firm West</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karima%20Ould%20Yerou">Karima Ould Yerou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Meddah"> B. Meddah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Tir%20Touil"> A. Tir Touil </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The intestinal flora also called the intestinal microbiota, consists of different bacteria and other microorganisms which occur naturally in the gastrointestinal tract organs components. These intestinal bacteria are present in their millions and help the functioning of the body in particular allowing aid to degradation of certain molecules into absorbable substrates. They also protect against invasion of the gut by other pathogenic bacteria, that is to say which may be responsible for disease. Factors like stress, antibiotics and diet can affect the balance of intestinal flora and in case of imbalance, digestive disorders type bloating, diarrhea or vomiting may occur. Rattus norvegicus of bad weight of 100 kg, an Algerian firm West are scarified and isolation of their ileum and colon respectively two Bactrian strains Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus are then purified and identified. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intestinal%20flora" title="intestinal flora">intestinal flora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rattus%20norvegicus" title=" Rattus norvegicus"> Rattus norvegicus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Escherichia%20coli" title=" Escherichia coli"> Escherichia coli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lactobacillus" title=" lactobacillus"> lactobacillus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=West%20Algerian%20farm" title=" West Algerian farm"> West Algerian farm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42813/isolation-and-identification-of-the-dominant-flora-of-the-intestinal-microbiota-of-rattus-norvegicus-an-algerian-firm-west" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42813.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1705</span> Bacteria Flora in the Gut and Respiratory Organs of Clarias gariepinus in Fresh and Brackish Water Habitats of Ondo State, South/West Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nelson%20R.%20Osungbemiro">Nelson R. Osungbemiro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafiu%20O.%20Sanni"> Rafiu O. Sanni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rotimi%20F.%20Olaniyan"> Rotimi F. Olaniyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abayomi%20O.%20Olajuyigbe"> Abayomi O. Olajuyigbe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bacteria flora of Clarias gariepinus collected from two natural habitats namely Owena River (freshwater) and Igbokoda lagoon (brackish water) were examined using standard microbiological procedures. Thirteen bacterial species were identified. The result indicated that from the identified bacteria isolated, Vibrio sp, Proteus sp. Shigella sp. and E. coli were present in both habitats (fresh and brackish waters). Others were habitat-selective such as Salmonella sp., Pseudomonas sp, Enterococcus sp, Staphylococcus sp. that were found only in freshwater habitat. While Branhamella sp, Streptococcus sp. and Micrococcus sp. were found in brackish water habitat. Bacteria load from Owena river (freshwater) was found to be the highest load recorded at 6.21 x 104cfu. T-test analysis also revealed that there was a marked significant difference between bacterial load in guts of sampled Clarias from fresh water and brackish water habitats. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria%20flora" title="bacteria flora">bacteria flora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gut" title=" gut"> gut</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Clarias%20gariepinus" title=" Clarias gariepinus"> Clarias gariepinus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Owena%20river" title=" Owena river"> Owena river</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6024/bacteria-flora-in-the-gut-and-respiratory-organs-of-clarias-gariepinus-in-fresh-and-brackish-water-habitats-of-ondo-state-southwest-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6024.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">461</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1704</span> Effects of Post-Emergence Herbicides on Soil Micro-Flora and Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria in Pea Field</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20M.%20Zaid">Ali M. Zaid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muftah%20Mayouf"> Muftah Mayouf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yahya%20Said%20Farouj"> Yahya Said Farouj</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effect of post emergence herbicides on soil micro-flora and nitrogen fixing bacteria was studied in pea field. Pea (Pisum sativum) was grown and treated with one or a mixture of two of several herbicides 2 weeks after sowing. Soil samples were collected 2 weeks after herbicides application. Average number of colony forming units per gram of soil of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi were determined. Average number of nodules per plant was obtained at the end of the growing season. The results of the study showed MCPB, Bentazon, MCPB+Fluozifop-p-butyl, Bentazon+Fluozifop-p-butyl, Metribuzin, Flouzifop-p-butyl+Metribuzin, Cycloxydin, and Sethoxydin increased the population of soil fungi, with 4 to 10 times compared with the control. The herbicides used showed no significant effects on nitrogen fixing bacteria. The effects of herbicides on soil bacteria and actinomycetes were different. The study showed the use of herbicides could influence the biological balance of soil microflora, which has an important role in soil fertility and microbial ecosystem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=herbicides" title="herbicides">herbicides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post%20emergence" title=" post emergence"> post emergence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrogen%20fixing%20bacteria" title=" nitrogen fixing bacteria"> nitrogen fixing bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20systems" title=" environmental systems"> environmental systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3036/effects-of-post-emergence-herbicides-on-soil-micro-flora-and-nitrogen-fixing-bacteria-in-pea-field" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3036.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">401</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1703</span> Microorganism and Laurus nobilis from Mascara - Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karima%20Oldyerou">Karima Oldyerou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Meddah"> B. Meddah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Tirtouil"> A. Tirtouil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Laurusnobilis is an aromatic plant, common in Algeria and widely used by local people as a source of spice and for medicinal purposes. The essential oil of this plant is the subject of this work in a physicochemical and microbiological study. The extraction of the essential oil was carried by steam distillation and the highest yield (1.5%) was determined in May. The organoleptic and physico-chemical characters are consistent with those obtained in the literature with some differences that can be attributed to certain factors. Evaluation of antibacterial activity showed a sensitivity of Salmonella spp. with an MIC of 2,5 mg.ml-1, and other bacteria of the intestinal flora of Wistar rats: E. coli and Lactobacillus sp. have a high potential for resistance with MICs respectively equal to 10 and 20 mg.ml-1. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laurus%20nobilis" title="laurus nobilis">laurus nobilis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=essential%20oil" title=" essential oil"> essential oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physicochemical%20character" title=" physicochemical character"> physicochemical character</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MIC" title=" MIC"> MIC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intestinal%20flora" title=" intestinal flora"> intestinal flora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibacterial%20activity" title=" antibacterial activity"> antibacterial activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41998/microorganism-and-laurus-nobilis-from-mascara-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41998.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">335</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1702</span> Application of Probiotics in the Management of Food Allergies: A Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Hosseinvand">Amir Hosseinvand</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Probiotics have health-giving effects on the human body, so by stimulating the immune system, they prevent many occurrences they are diseases and food allergies in humans. There are various bacteria in the human digestive system; some are useful, some are harmless, and other groups of bacteria are harmful to human health. These bacteria should be in balance in the body of people in a normal state. In certain conditions, such as a person's high stress, aging, continuous use of antibiotics, or improper diet, the intestinal microbial flora has changed, and these changes cause some diseases in people. Probiotics have health benefits for the human body and are often found in the digestive system of healthy people. Nevertheless, fermented foods such as fermented dairy products such as yogurt, cheese, buttermilk or fermented pickles contain some species of these bacteria that are useful. But the important point that should be noted is that due to modern and industrial life, high fat and high protein diets, and excessive use of antibiotics, the number of these bacteria in people's bodies has decreased, and it is necessary to consume probiotics either in the form of probiotic foods or in the form of supplements. Probiotics with mild stimulation of the immune system increase the immunity level of the body and prevent the occurrence of food allergies in people. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20health" title="human health">human health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dairy%20products" title=" dairy products"> dairy products</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20allergies" title=" food allergies"> food allergies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probiotic" title=" probiotic"> probiotic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189021/application-of-probiotics-in-the-management-of-food-allergies-a-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189021.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">34</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1701</span> Aquatic and Marshy Flora from Fresh Water Wetlands on Quartz Sands in Pinar Del Río, Cuba</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vidal%20P%C3%A9rez%20Hern%C3%A1ndez">Vidal Pérez Hernández</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Enrique%20Gonz%C3%A1lez%20Pend%C3%A1s"> Enrique González Pendás</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The most of the aquatic and marshy flora in Cuba, is located on quartzitic sands ecosystems and they are represented by a wide variety of freshwater wetlands, which are spread in the whole south and south-western plain of Pinar del Río. The survey carried out in these ecosystems offers an updated inventory of these species, showing up their biological type, habit, distribution, and the threat grade to which are subjected, taking into account categories granted by UICN. A remarkable decrease is evidenced, in the total of these species respect to this area; due to deposit processes and deforestation, which are taken place by the human activity and the climatic change. It is linked to others threats like, limitless use of their water reserves for irrigating groves, the cattle raising and intensive fishing. Added to it, its sand with 99% pure crystal quartz, are used for the mining. The combination of all factors has a negative influence on a flora that stores more than 250 species, most of them herbaceous and hydrophytes. In these particular ecosystems were found a 40% endemism from total flora, and more than 80%, are evaluated inside the most sensitive threat categories, and already some of them have been declared as extinct. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquatic%20flora" title="aquatic flora">aquatic flora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marshy%20flora" title=" marshy flora"> marshy flora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quartzitic%20sands" title=" quartzitic sands"> quartzitic sands</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wetlands" title=" wetlands"> wetlands</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70080/aquatic-and-marshy-flora-from-fresh-water-wetlands-on-quartz-sands-in-pinar-del-rio-cuba" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70080.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">228</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1700</span> Selection Effects on the Molecular and Abiotic Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abishek%20Rajkumar">Abishek Rajkumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Antibiotic resistance can occur naturally given the selective pressure placed on antibiotics. Within a large population of bacteria, there is a significant chance that some of those bacteria can develop resistance via mutations or genetic recombination. However, a growing public health concern has arisen over the fact that antibiotic resistance has increased significantly over the past few decades. This is because humans have been over-consuming and producing antibiotics, which has ultimately accelerated the antibiotic resistance seen in these bacteria. The product of all of this is an ongoing race between scientists and the bacteria as bacteria continue to develop resistance, which creates even more demand for an antibiotic that can still terminate the newly resistant strain of bacteria. This paper will focus on a myriad of aspects of antibiotic resistance in bacteria starting with how it occurs on a molecular level and then focusing on the antibiotic concentrations and how they affect the resistance and fitness seen in bacteria. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibiotic" title="antibiotic">antibiotic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular" title=" molecular"> molecular</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mutation" title=" mutation"> mutation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistance" title=" resistance"> resistance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66066/selection-effects-on-the-molecular-and-abiotic-evolution-of-antibiotic-resistance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66066.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">323</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1699</span> Bacteriological Screening and Antibiotic – Heavy Metal Resistance Profile of the Bacteria Isolated from Some Amphibian and Reptile Species of the Biga Stream in Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurcihan%20Hacioglu">Nurcihan Hacioglu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cigdem%20Gul"> Cigdem Gul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murat%20Tosunoglu"> Murat Tosunoglu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this article, the antibiogram and heavy metal resistance profile of the bacteria isolated from total 34 studied animals (Pelophylax ridibundus = 12, Mauremys rivulata = 14, Natrix natrix = 8) captured around the Biga Stream, are described. There was no database information on antibiogram and heavy metal resistance profile of bacteria from these area’s amphibians and reptiles. In this study, a total of 200 bacteria were successfully isolated from cloaca and oral samples of the aquatic amphibians and reptiles as well as from the water sample. According to Jaccard’s similarity index, the degree of similarity in the bacterial flora was quite high among the amphibian and reptile species under examination, whereas it was different from the bacterial diversity in the water sample. The most frequent isolates were A. hydrophila (31.5%), B. pseudomallei (8.5%), and C. freundii (7%). The total numbers of bacteria obtained were as follows: 45 in P. ridibundus, 45 in N. natrix 30 in M. rivulata, and 80 in the water sample. The result showed that cefmetazole was the most effective antibiotic to control the bacteria isolated in this study and that approximately 93.33% of the bacterial isolates were sensitive to this antibiotic. The Multiple Antibiotic Resistances (MAR) index indicated that P. ridibundus (0.95) > N. natrix (0.89) > M. rivulata (0.39). Furthermore, all the tested heavy metals (Pb+2, Cu+2, Cr+3, and Mn+2) inhibit the growth of the bacterial isolates at different rates. Therefore, it indicated that the water source of the animals was contaminated with both antibiotic residues and heavy metals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteriological%20quality" title="bacteriological quality">bacteriological quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amphibian" title=" amphibian"> amphibian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reptile" title=" reptile"> reptile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibiotic" title=" antibiotic"> antibiotic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metal%20resistance" title=" heavy metal resistance"> heavy metal resistance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27052/bacteriological-screening-and-antibiotic-heavy-metal-resistance-profile-of-the-bacteria-isolated-from-some-amphibian-and-reptile-species-of-the-biga-stream-in-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27052.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">386</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1698</span> Molecular Evolutionary Relationships Between O-Antigens of Enteric Bacteria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuriy%20A.%20Knirel">Yuriy A. Knirel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Enteric bacteria Escherichia coli is the predominant facultative anaerobe of the colonic flora, and some specific serotypes are associated with enteritis, hemorrhagic colitis, and hemolytic uremic syndrome. Shigella spp. are human pathogens that cause diarrhea and bacillary dysentery (shigellosis). They are in effect E. coli with a specific mode of pathogenicity. Strains of Salmonella enterica are responsible for a food-borne infection (salmonellosis), and specific serotypes cause typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever. All these bacteria are closely related in respect to structure and genetics of the lipopolysaccharide, including the O-polysaccharide part (O‑antigen). Being exposed to the bacterial cell surface, the O antigen is subject to intense selection by the host immune system and bacteriophages giving rise to diverse O‑antigen forms and providing the basis for typing of bacteria. The O-antigen forms of many bacteria are unique, but some are structurally and genetically related to others. The sequenced O-antigen gene clusters between conserved galF and gnd genes were analyzed taking into account the O-antigen structures established by us and others for all S. enterica and Shigella and most E. coli O-serogroups. Multiple genetic mechanisms of diversification of the O-antigen forms, such as lateral gene transfer and mutations, were elucidated and are summarized in the present paper. They include acquisition or inactivation of genes for sugar synthesis or transfer or recombination of O-antigen gene clusters or their parts. The data obtained contribute to our understanding of the origins of the O‑antigen diversity, shed light on molecular evolutionary relationships between the O-antigens of enteric bacteria, and open a way for studies of the role of gene polymorphism in pathogenicity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enteric%20bacteria" title="enteric bacteria">enteric bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O-antigen%20gene%20cluster" title=" O-antigen gene cluster"> O-antigen gene cluster</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polysaccharide%20biosynthesis" title=" polysaccharide biosynthesis"> polysaccharide biosynthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polysaccharide%20structure" title=" polysaccharide structure"> polysaccharide structure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93781/molecular-evolutionary-relationships-between-o-antigens-of-enteric-bacteria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93781.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1697</span> The Flora of Bozdağ, Sizma–Konya, Turkey and Its Environs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esra%20Ipekci">Esra Ipekci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murad%20Aydin%20Sanda"> Murad Aydin Sanda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The flora of Bozdağ (Konya) and its surroundings were investigated between 2003 and 2005 years; 700 herbarium specimens belonging to 482 taxa, 257 genera and 62 families were collected and identified from the area. The families which have the most taxa in research area are Asteraceae 67 (14.0%), Fabaceae 60 (12.6%), Lamiaceae 57 (11.9%), Brassicaceae 34 (7.1%), Poaceae 30 (6.3%), Rosaceae 24 (5.0%), Caryophyllaceae 23 (4.8%), Liliaceae 19 (4.0%), Boraginaceae 17 (3.6%), Apiaceae 13 (2.7%). The research area is in the district of Konya and is in the B4 square according to the Grid System. The phytogeographic elements are represented in the study area as follows; Mediterranean 72 (14.9%), Irano-Turanian 91 (18.9%), Euro-Siberian 21 (4.3%). The phytogeographic regions of 273 (56.6%) taxa are either multi regional or unknown. The number of endemic taxa is 79 (16.3%). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sizma" title="Sizma">Sizma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bozda%C4%9F" title=" Bozdağ"> Bozdağ</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Flora" title=" Flora"> Flora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Konya" title=" Konya"> Konya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turkey" title=" Turkey"> Turkey</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19397/the-flora-of-bozdag-sizma-konya-turkey-and-its-environs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19397.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">555</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1696</span> Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Different Dithiolethiones</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zehour%20Rahmani">Zehour Rahmani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Messouda%20Dekmouche"> Messouda Dekmouche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Hadjadj"> Mohamed Hadjadj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mokhtar%20Saidi"> Mokhtar Saidi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the last decades of the nineteenth century, the study of disease – causing microorganisms became concentrated on bacteria and largely institutionalized. In earlier years, the scientists interested in bacteria had originally been chemists like Pasteur, physicists like Tyndall, or botanists like Cohn and ward. For this reason, the objective of this research was to evaluate the potential of some dithiolethiones on standard microorganism strains as well as multi-drug resistant bacteria, which were isolated from hospitals. Recent studies have demonstrated, that several dithiolethione compounds, particularly (3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione), exhibit the biological activities against several bacteria. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria" title="bacteria">bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dithiolethiones" title=" dithiolethiones"> dithiolethiones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microorganism" title=" microorganism"> microorganism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=potential" title=" potential "> potential </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39624/evaluation-of-antimicrobial-activity-of-different-dithiolethiones" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39624.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1695</span> The Flora of Oyukludag and Its Environs Karaman,Turkey </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murad%20Aydin%20%C5%9Eanda">Murad Aydin Şanda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk%C3%B6d%C3%BCk"> Mustafa Küçüködük</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The flora and it’s plants ethnobotanical features of Oyukludag were investigated between 2003 and 2006 years; 780 herbarium specimens belonging to 448 taxa, 292 genera and 62 families were collected and identified from the area. The families which have the most taxa in research area are Compositae (Asteraceae) 78 (17%), Leguminosae (Fabaceae) 58 (13%), Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) 34 (8%), Labiatae (Lamiaceae) 33 (7%), Gramineae (Poaceae) 29 (6%), Caryophyllaceae 19 (4%), Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) 18 (4%), Boraginaceae 17 (4%), Liliaceae 16 (4%). The number of cultivated plants are 17. The research area is in the district of Konya and is in the C4 square according to the Grid System. The phytogeographic elements are represented in the study area as follows; Iranian-Turanian (18%), Mediterranean (17%) and Euro-Siberian (2%). The phytogeographic regions of 268 (60%) taxa are either multi-regional or unknown. The number of endemic taxa is 56 (12%). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flora" title="flora">flora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oyukludag" title=" Oyukludag"> Oyukludag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yellibel" title=" Yellibel"> Yellibel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karaman" title=" Karaman"> Karaman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turkey" title=" Turkey"> Turkey</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28999/the-flora-of-oyukludag-and-its-environs-karamanturkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28999.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">461</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1694</span> Both Floristic Studies and Molecular Markers Are Necessary to Study of the Flora of a Region </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Somayeh%20Akrami">Somayeh Akrami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vali-Allah%20Mozaffarian"> Vali-Allah Mozaffarian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Habib%20Onsori"> Habib Onsori</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The studied region in this research, watershed Kuhkamar river, is about 112.66 square kilometers, it is located between 45º 48' 9" to 45º 2' 20" N and 38º 34' 15" to 38º 40' 28" E. The gained results of the studies on flora combinations, proved 287 plant species in 190 genera and 51 families. Asteracea with 49 and Lamiaceae with 27 plant species are the major plant families. Among collected species one interesting plant was found and determined as a new record Anemone narcissiflora L. for flora of Iran. This plant is known as a complex species that shows intraspecific speciation and is classified into about 12 subspecies and 10 varieties in world. To identify the infraspecies taxons of this species, in addition to morphological characteristics, the use of appropriate molecular markers for the better isolation of the individuals were needed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anemone%20narcissiflora" title="Anemone narcissiflora">Anemone narcissiflora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=floristic%20Study" title=" floristic Study"> floristic Study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kuhkamar" title=" kuhkamar"> kuhkamar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20marker" title=" molecular marker "> molecular marker </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26438/both-floristic-studies-and-molecular-markers-are-necessary-to-study-of-the-flora-of-a-region" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26438.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">487</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1693</span> Microbial Quality of Raw Camel Milk Produced in South of Morocco</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maha%20Alaoui%20Ismaili">Maha Alaoui Ismaili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bouchta%20Saidi"> Bouchta Saidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Zahar"> Mohamed Zahar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abed%20Hamama"> Abed Hamama</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thirty one samples of raw camel milk obtained from the region of Laâyoune (South of Morocco) were examined for their microbial quality and presence of some pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella sp.). pH of the samples ranged from 6.31 to 6.64 and their titratable acidity had a mean value of 18.56 °Dornic. Data obtained showed a strong microbial contamination with an average total aerobic flora of 1.76 108 ufc ml-1 and a very high fecal counts: 1.82 107 ; 3.25 106 and 3.75 106 ufc.ml-1 in average for total coliforms, fecal coliforms and enterococci respectively. Yeasts and moulds were also found at average respective levels of 3.13 106 and 1.60 105 ufc.ml-1. Salmonella sp. and S. aureus was detected respectively in 13% and 30% of the milk samples. These results indicate clearly the lack of hygienic conditions of camel milk production and storage in this region. Lactic acid bacteria were found at the following average numbers: 4.25 107 ; 4.45 107 and 3.55 107 ufc.ml-1 for Lactococci, Leuconostocs and Lactobacilli respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=camel%20milk" title="camel milk">camel milk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbial%20quality" title=" microbial quality"> microbial quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salmonella" title=" Salmonella"> Salmonella</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Staphylococcus%20aureus" title=" Staphylococcus aureus "> Staphylococcus aureus </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31064/microbial-quality-of-raw-camel-milk-produced-in-south-of-morocco" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31064.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">471</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1692</span> Identification of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Raw Camel Milk Produced in South of Morocco</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maha%20Alaoui%20Ismaili">Maha Alaoui Ismaili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bouchta%20Saidi"> Bouchta Saidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Zahar"> Mohamed Zahar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abed%20Hamama"> Abed Hamama</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> 112 lactic isolates were obtained from 15 samples of camel raw milk produced in Laayoune Boujdour Sakia-El Hamra region (South of Morocco). The main objective was the identification of species of lactic flora belonging to Lactococcus, Lactobacillus and Leuconostoc. Data obtained showed predominance of cocci among lactic isolates (86.6%) while lactic rods represented only 13.4%. With regard to genera identified, Enterococcus was the mostly found out (53.57%), followed by Lactococcus (28.57%), Lactobacillus (13.4%) and Leuconostoc (4.4 %). Identification of the lactic isolates according to their morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics led to differentiating 11 species with Lactococcus lactis ssp lactis biovar diacetylactis being the mostly encountered (24.1%) followed by Lactobacillus brevis (3.57%), Lactobacillus plantarum (3.57%), Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp lactis (3.57%) and Lactococcus lactis subsp cremoris (2.67%). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=raw%20camel%20milk" title="raw camel milk">raw camel milk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=south%20of%20morocco" title=" south of morocco"> south of morocco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lactic%20acid%20bacteria" title=" lactic acid bacteria"> lactic acid bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=identification" title=" identification"> identification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31090/identification-of-lactic-acid-bacteria-isolated-from-raw-camel-milk-produced-in-south-of-morocco" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31090.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">492</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1691</span> Setting the Acceleration Test Conditions for Establishing the Expiration Date of Probiotics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Myoyeon%20Kim">Myoyeon Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The number of probiotics is various from product to product. The product must contain as many bacteria as the number of bacteria that claim because it greatly affects consumers' choices. It is very difficult to determine the number of viable bacteria with tests that proceed during the product development stage because the shelf life of lactic acid bacteria is mostly 18 to 24 months, and product development proceeds much faster than this. To predict the shelf life, a method of checking the number of viable bacteria was studied by shortening the time. The experiment was conducted with a total of 7 products including our products. The ongoing test stored at room temperature, the acceleration test stored at 30°C and 40°C were performed, and the number of bacteria was measured every two weeks. The number of viable bacteria stored at 30°C for 12 weeks was similar to the ongoing test when the shelf life was imminent. If it took more than 12 weeks, the product development schedule was postponed, so acceleration had no meaning. It was found that products stored at 40°C were unsuitable as acceleration test temperatures because the bacteria were almost killed within 4 to 8 weeks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probiotics" title="probiotics">probiotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shelf-life" title=" shelf-life"> shelf-life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acceleration%20test" title=" acceleration test"> acceleration test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lactobacillus" title=" lactobacillus"> lactobacillus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188379/setting-the-acceleration-test-conditions-for-establishing-the-expiration-date-of-probiotics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188379.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">36</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1690</span> Effects of Bacteria on Levels of AFM1 in Phosphate Buffer at Different Level of Energy Source</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20M.%20Elgerbi">Ali M. Elgerbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Obied%20A.%20Alwan"> Obied A. Alwan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al-Taher%20O.%20Alzwei"> Al-Taher O. Alzwei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdurrahim%20A.%20Elouzi"> Abdurrahim A. Elouzi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The binding of AFM1 to bacteria in phosphate buffer solution depended on many factors such as: availability of energy, incubation period, species and strain of bacteria. Increase in concentration of sugar showed higher removal of AFM1 and faster than in phosphate buffer alone. With 1.0% glucose lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria showed toxin removal ranging from 7.7 to 39.7% whereas with 10.0% glucose the percentage removal was 21.8 to 45.4% at 96 hours of incubation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aflatoxin%20M1" title="aflatoxin M1">aflatoxin M1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lactic%20acid%20bacteria" title=" lactic acid bacteria"> lactic acid bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bifidobacteria" title=" bifidobacteria "> bifidobacteria </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=binding" title=" binding"> binding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20buffer" title=" phosphate buffer "> phosphate buffer </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19875/effects-of-bacteria-on-levels-of-afm1-in-phosphate-buffer-at-different-level-of-energy-source" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19875.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">506</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1689</span> Bacteria Removal from Wastewater by Electrocoagulation Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boudjema%20Nouara">Boudjema Nouara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mameri%20%20Nabil"> Mameri Nabil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bacteria have played an important role in water contamination as a consequence of organic pollution. In this study, an electrocoagulation process was adopted to remove fecal contamination and pathogenic bacteria from waste water. The effect of anode/cathodes materials as well as operating conditions for bacteria removal from water, such as current intensity and initial pH and temperature. The results indicated that the complete removal was achevied when using aluminium anode as anode at current intensity of 3A, initial pH of 7-8 and electrolysis time of 30 minutes. This process showed a bactericidal effect of 95 to 99% for the total and fecal coliforms and 99% to 100% for Eschercichia coli and fecal Streptococci. A decrease of 72% was recorded for sulphite-reducing Clostridia. Thus, this process has the potential to be one the options for treatment where high amount of bacteria in wastewater river. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria" title="bacteria">bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=el%20Harrach%20river" title=" el Harrach river"> el Harrach river</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrocoagulation" title=" electrocoagulation"> electrocoagulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title=" wastewater"> wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=treatment" title=" treatment"> treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28065/bacteria-removal-from-wastewater-by-electrocoagulation-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28065.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">496</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1688</span> Isolation and Characterization of Indigenous Rhizosphere Bacteria Producing Gibberellin Acid from Local Soybeans in Three Different Areas of South Sulawesi</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asmiaty%20Sahur">Asmiaty Sahur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ambo%20Ala"> Ambo Ala</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baharuddin%20Patanjengi"> Baharuddin Patanjengi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elkawakib%20Syam%27un"> Elkawakib Syam'un</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aimed to isolate and characterize the indigenous Rhizosphere bacteria producing Gibberellin Acid as plant growth isolated from local soybean of three different areas in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Several soil samples of soybean plants were collected from the Rhizosphere of local soybeans in three different areas of South Sulawesi such as Soppeng, Bone and Takalar. There were 56 isolates of bacteria were isolated and grouped into gram-positive bacteria and gram negative bacteria .There are 35 isolates produce a thick slime or slimy when cultured on media Natrium Broth and the remaining of those produced spores. The results showed that of potential bacterial isolated produced Gibberellin Acid in high concentration. The best isolate of Rhizosphere bacteria for the production of Gibberellin Acid is with concentration 2%. There are 4 isolates that had higher concentration are AKB 19 (4.67 mg/ml) followed by RKS 17 (3.80 mg/ml), RKS 25 (3.70 mg / ml) and RKS 24 (3.29 mg/ml) respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rhizosphere" title="rhizosphere">rhizosphere</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria" title=" bacteria"> bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gibberellin%20acid" title=" gibberellin acid"> gibberellin acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soybeans" title=" soybeans"> soybeans</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35624/isolation-and-characterization-of-indigenous-rhizosphere-bacteria-producing-gibberellin-acid-from-local-soybeans-in-three-different-areas-of-south-sulawesi" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35624.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">236</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1687</span> The Effect of Bacteria on Mercury's Biological Removal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nastaran%20Soltani">Nastaran Soltani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heavy metals such as Mercury are toxic elements that enter the environment through different ways and endanger the environment, plants, animals, and humans’ health. Microbial activities reduce the amount of heavy metals. Therefore, an effective mechanism to eliminate heavy metals in the nature and factory slops, is using bacteria living in polluted areas. Karun River in Khuzestan Province in Iran has been always polluted by heavy metals as it is located among different industries in the region. This study was performed based on the data from sampling water and sediments of four stations across the river during the four seasons of a year. The isolation of resistant bacteria was performed through enrichment and direct cultivation in a solid medium containing mercury. Various bacteria such as Pseudomonas sp., Serratia Marcescens, and E.coli were identified as mercury-resistant bacteria. The power of these bacteria to remove mercury varied from 28% to 86%, with strongest power belonging to Pseudomonas sp. isolated in spring making a good candidate to be used for mercury biological removal from factory slops. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria" title="bacteria">bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karun%20River" title=" Karun River"> Karun River</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mercury" title=" mercury"> mercury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20removal" title=" biological removal"> biological removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mercury-resistant" title=" mercury-resistant"> mercury-resistant</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46736/the-effect-of-bacteria-on-mercurys-biological-removal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46736.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">286</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1686</span> Examining the Presence of Heterotrophic Aerobic Bacteria (HAB), and Sulphate Reducing Bacteria (SRB) in Some Types of Water from the City of Tripoli, Libya</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulsalam.%20I.%20Rafida">Abdulsalam. I. Rafida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marwa.%20F.%20Elalem"> Marwa. F. Elalem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasna.%20E.%20Alemam"> Hasna. E. Alemam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aimed at testing the various types of water in some areas of the city of Tripoli, Libya for the presence of Heterotrophic Aerobic Bacteria (HAB), and anaerobic Sulphate Reducing Bacteria (SRB). The water samples under investigation included rainwater accumulating on the ground, sewage water (from the city sewage treatment station, sulphate water from natural therapy swimming sites), and sea water (i.e. sea water exposed to pollution by untreated sewage water, and unpolluted sea water from specific locations). A total of 20 samples have been collected distributed as follows: rain water (8 samples), sewage water (6 samples), and sea water (6 samples). An up-to-date method for estimation has been used featuring readymade solutions i.e. (BARTTM test for HAB and BARTTM test for SRB). However, with the exception of one rain water sample, the results have indicated that the target bacteria have been present in all samples. Regarding HAB bacteria the samples have shown a maximum average of 7.0 x 106 cfu/ml featuring sewage and rain water and a minimum average of 1.8 x 104 cuf/ml featuring unpolluted sea water collected from a specific location. As for SRB bacteria; a maximum average of 7.0 x 105 cfu/ml has been shown by sewage and rain water and a minimum average of 1.8 x 104 cfu/ml by sewage and sea water. The above results highlight the relationship between pollution and the presence of bacteria in water particularly water collected from specific locations, and also the presence of bacteria as the result of the use of water provided that a suitable environment exists for its growth. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heterotrophic%20aerobic%20bacteria%20%28HAB%29" title="heterotrophic aerobic bacteria (HAB)">heterotrophic aerobic bacteria (HAB)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sulphate%20reducing%20bacteria%20%28SRB%29" title=" sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB)"> sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water" title=" water"> water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20sciences" title=" environmental sciences"> environmental sciences</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19642/examining-the-presence-of-heterotrophic-aerobic-bacteria-hab-and-sulphate-reducing-bacteria-srb-in-some-types-of-water-from-the-city-of-tripoli-libya" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19642.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">491</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1685</span> Polyhydroxybutyrate Production in Bacteria Isolated from Estuaries along the Eastern Coast of India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shubhashree%20Mahalik">Shubhashree Mahalik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dhanesh%20Kumar"> Dhanesh Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jatin%20Kumar%20Pradhan"> Jatin Kumar Pradhan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Odisha is one of the coastal states situated on the eastern part of India with 480 km long coastline. The coastal Odisha is referred to as "Gift of Six Rivers". Balasore, a major coastal district of Odisha is bounded by Bay of Bengal in the East having 26 km long seashore. It is lined with several estuaries rich in biodiversity.Several studies have been carried out on the macro flora and fauna of this area but very few documented information are available regarding microbial biodiversity. In the present study, an attempt has been made to isolate and identify bacteria found along the estuaries of Balasore.Many marine microorganisms are sources of natural products which makes them potential industrial organisms. So the ability of the isolated bacteria to secrete one such industrially significant product, PHB (Polyhydroxybutyrate) has been elucidated. Several rounds of sampling, pure culture, morphological, biochemical and phylogenetic screening led to the identification of two PHB producing strains. Isolate 5 was identified to be Brevibacillus sp. and has maximum similarity to Brevibacillus parabrevis (KX83268). The isolate was named as Brevibacillus sp.KEI-5. Isolate 8 was identified asLysinibacillus sp. having closest similarity withLysinibacillus boroni-tolerance (KP314269) and named as Lysinibacillus sp. KEI-8.Media, temperature, carbon, nitrogen and salinity requirement were optimized for both isolates. Submerged fermentation of both isolates in Terrific Broth media supplemented with optimized carbon and nitrogen source at 37°C led to significant accumulation of PHB as detected by colorimetric method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bacillus" title="Bacillus">Bacillus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=estuary" title=" estuary"> estuary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine" title=" marine"> marine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Odisha" title=" Odisha"> Odisha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyhydroxy%20butyrate" title=" polyhydroxy butyrate"> polyhydroxy butyrate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69580/polyhydroxybutyrate-production-in-bacteria-isolated-from-estuaries-along-the-eastern-coast-of-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69580.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">349</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1684</span> Isolation, Screening and Identification of Frog Cutaneous Bacteria for Anti-Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis Activity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adria%20Rae%20Abigail%20R.%20Eda">Adria Rae Abigail R. Eda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arvin%20C.%20Diesmos"> Arvin C. Diesmos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vance%20T.%20Vredenburg"> Vance T. Vredenburg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Merab%20A.%20Chan"> Merab A. Chan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mitigating strategies using symbiotic cutaneous bacteria is one of the major concerns in the conservation of amphibian population. Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis is the causative agent of chytridiomycosis associated with mass mortality and amphibian extinctions worldwide. In the Philippines, there is a lack of study on the cutaneous bacteria of Philippine amphibians that may have beneficial effects to ward off the deadly fungal infection. In this study, cutaneous bacteria from frogs were isolated and examined for anti-B. dendrobatidis activity. Eight species of frogs were collected at Mt. Palay-palay Mataas na Gulod National Park in Cavite, a site positive for the presence of B. dendrobatidis. Bacteria were isolated from the skin of frogs by swabbing the surfaces of the body and inoculated in Reasoner´s 2A (R2A) agar. Isolated bacteria were tested for potential inhibitory properties against B. dendrobatidis through zoospore inhibition assay. Results showed that frog cutaneous bacteria significantly inhibited the growth of B. dendrobatidis in vitro. By means of 16S rRNA gene primers, the anti-B. dendrobatidis bacteria were identified to be Enterobacter sp., Alcaligenes faecalis and Pseudomonas sp. Cutaneous bacteria namely Enterobacter sp. (isolates PLd33 and PCv4) and Pseudomonas (isolate PLd31) remarkably cleared the growth of B. dendrobatidis zoospore in 1% tryptone agar. Therefore, frog cutaneous bacteria inhibited B. dendrobatidis in vitro and could possibly contribute to the immunity and defense of frogs against the lethal chytridiomycosis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Batrachochytrium%20dendrobatidis" title="Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis">Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutaneous%20bacteria" title=" cutaneous bacteria"> cutaneous bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frogs" title=" frogs"> frogs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zoospore%20inhibition%20assay" title=" zoospore inhibition assay"> zoospore inhibition assay</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21413/isolation-screening-and-identification-of-frog-cutaneous-bacteria-for-anti-batrachochytrium-dendrobatidis-activity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21413.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">454</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1683</span> Lactobacillus sp. Isolates Slaughterhouse Waste as Probiotics for Broilers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nourmalita%20Safitri%20Ningsih">Nourmalita Safitri Ningsih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ridwan"> Ridwan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqri%20Puspa%20Yunanda"> Iqri Puspa Yunanda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study was to utilize the waste from slaughterhouses for chicken feed ingredients is probiotic. Livestock waste produced by livestock activities such as feces, urine, food remains, as well as water from livestock and cage cleaning. The process starts with the isolation of bacteria. Rumen fluid is taken at Slaughterhouse Giwangan, Yogyakarta. Isolation of Lactobacillus ruminus is done by using de Mann Rogosa Sharpe (MRS) medium. In the sample showed a rod-shaped bacteria are streaked onto an agar plates. After it was incubated at 37ºC for 48 hours, after which it is observed. The observation of these lactic acid bacteria it will show a clear zone at about the colony. These bacterial colonies are white, round, small, shiny on the agar plate mikroenkapsul In the manufacturing process carried out by the method of freeze dried using skim milk in addition capsulated material. Then the results of these capsulated bacteria are mixed with feed for livestock. The results from the mixing of capsulated bacteria in feed are to increase the quality of animal feed so as to provide a good effect on livestock. Scanning electron microscope testing we have done show the results of bacteria have been shrouded in skim milk. It can protect the bacteria so it is more durable in use. The observation of the bacteria showed a sheath on Lactobacillus sp. Preservation of bacteria in this way makes the bacteria more durable for use. As well as skim milk can protect bacteria that are resistant to the outside environment. Results of probiotics in chicken feed showed significant weight gain in chickens. Calculation Anova (P <0.005) shows the average chicken given probiotics her weight increased. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chicken" title="chicken">chicken</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probiotics" title=" probiotics"> probiotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste" title=" waste"> waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lactobacillus%20sp" title=" Lactobacillus sp"> Lactobacillus sp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria" title=" bacteria"> bacteria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44218/lactobacillus-sp-isolates-slaughterhouse-waste-as-probiotics-for-broilers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44218.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">319</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1682</span> Study on the Heavy Oil Degradation Performance and Kinetics of Immobilized Bacteria on Modified Zeolite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiao%20L%20Dai">Xiao L Dai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wen%20X%20Wei"> Wen X Wei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shuo%20Wang"> Shuo Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jia%20B%20Li"> Jia B Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yan%20Wei"> Yan Wei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heavy oil pollution generated from both natural and anthropogenic sources could cause significant damages to the ecological environment, due to the toxicity of some of its constituents. Nowadays, microbial remediation is becoming a promising technology to treat oil pollution owing to its low cost and prevention of secondary pollution; microorganisms are key players in the process. Compared to the free microorganisms, immobilized microorganisms possess several advantages, including high metabolic activity rates, strong resistance to toxic chemicals and natural competition with the indigenous microorganisms, and effective resistance to washing away (in open water system). Many immobilized microorganisms have been successfully used for bioremediation of heavy oil pollution. Considering the broad choices, low cost, simple process, large specific surface area and less impact on microbial activity, modified zeolite were selected as a bio-carrier for bacteria immobilization. Three strains of heavy oil-degrading bacteria Bacillus sp. DL-13, Brevibacillus sp. DL-1 and Acinetobacter sp. DL-34 were immobilized on the modified zeolite under mild conditions, and the bacterial load (bacteria /modified zeolite) was 1.12 mg/g, 1.11 mg/g, and 1.13 mg/g, respectively. SEM results showed that the bacteria mainly adsorbed on the surface or punctured in the void of modified zeolite. The heavy oil degradation efficiency of immobilized bacteria was 62.96%, higher than that of the free bacteria (59.83%). The heavy oil degradation process of immobilized bacteria accords with the first-order reaction equation, and the reaction rate constant is 0.1483 d⁻¹, which was significantly higher than the free bacteria (0.1123 d⁻¹), suggesting that the immobilized bacteria can rapidly start up the heavy oil degradation and has a high activity of heavy oil degradation. The results suggested that immobilized bacteria are promising technology for bioremediation of oil pollution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20oil%20pollution" title="heavy oil pollution">heavy oil pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbial%20remediation" title=" microbial remediation"> microbial remediation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20zeolite" title=" modified zeolite"> modified zeolite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immobilized%20bacteria" title=" immobilized bacteria"> immobilized bacteria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110195/study-on-the-heavy-oil-degradation-performance-and-kinetics-of-immobilized-bacteria-on-modified-zeolite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110195.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1681</span> Phyto Diversity and Conservation of Pulicat Lake-Andhra Pradesh</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20K.%20M.%20Basha">S. K. M. Basha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pulicat Lake is the second largest brackish water lagoon after Chilika Lake of Orissa along the east coast of India. Estuaries and lagoons have brackish water which shows high biological productivity than fresh or sea water. Hence it has wide range of aquatic, terrestrial flora and fauna. The World Wide Fund for Nature declared that it is a protected area. Present study aims to explore the flora and fauna of the lagoon along with the various threats for its eco-degradation which helps to plan necessary conservation methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phytodiversity" title="phytodiversity">phytodiversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pulicat%20Lake" title=" Pulicat Lake"> Pulicat Lake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=threats" title=" threats"> threats</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conservation" title=" conservation"> conservation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5621/phyto-diversity-and-conservation-of-pulicat-lake-andhra-pradesh" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5621.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">345</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1680</span> Biodiversity of Plants Rhizosphere and Rhizoplane Bacteria in the Presence of Petroleum Hydrocarbons</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Togzhan%20D.%20Mukasheva">Togzhan D. Mukasheva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anel%20A.%20Omirbekova"> Anel A. Omirbekova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raikhan%20S.%20Sydykbekova"> Raikhan S. Sydykbekova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramza%20Zh.%20Berzhanova"> Ramza Zh. Berzhanova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lyudmila%20V.%20Ignatova"> Lyudmila V. Ignatova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Following plants-barley (Hordeum sativum), alfalfa (Medicago sativa), grass mixture (red fescue-75%, long-term ryegrass - 20% Kentucky bluegrass - 10%), oilseed rape (Brassica napus biennis), resistant to growth in the contaminated soil with oil content of 15.8 g / kg 25.9 g / kg soil were used. Analysis of the population showed that the oil pollution reduces the number of bacteria in the rhizosphere and rhizoplane of plants and enhances the amount of spore-forming bacteria and saprotrophic micromycetes. It was shown that regardless of the plant, dominance of Pseudomonas and Bacillus genera bacteria was typical for the rhizosphere and rhizoplane of plants. The frequency of bacteria of these genera was more than 60%. Oil pollution changes the ratio of occurrence of various types of bacteria in the rhizosphere and rhizoplane of plants. Besides the Pseudomonas and Bacillus genera, in the presence of hydrocarbons in the root zone of plants dominant and most typical were the representatives of the Mycobacterium and Rhodococcus genera. Together the number was between 62% to 72%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution" title="pollution">pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=root%20system" title=" root system"> root system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micromycetes" title=" micromycetes"> micromycetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=identification" title=" identification"> identification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10208/biodiversity-of-plants-rhizosphere-and-rhizoplane-bacteria-in-the-presence-of-petroleum-hydrocarbons" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10208.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">499</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1679</span> Impact of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles on Terrestrial Flora and Microorganisms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Steponavi%C4%8Di%C5%ABt%C4%97">L. Steponavičiūtė</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Steponavi%C4%8Dien%C4%97"> L. Steponavičienė</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite the rapid nanotechnology progress and recognition, its potential impact in ecosystems and health of humans is still not fully known. In this paper, the study of ecotoxicological dangers of nanomaterials is presented. By chemical reduction method, silver (AgNPs) and gold (AuNPs) nanoparticles were synthesized, characterized and used in experiments to examine their impact on microorganisms (<em>Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and <em>Candida albicans</em>) and terrestrial flora (<em>Phaseolus vulgaris</em> and <em>Lepidium sativum</em>). The results collected during experiments with terrestrial flora show tendentious growth stimulations caused by gold nanoparticles. In contrast to these results, silver nanoparticle solutions inhibited growth of beans and garden cress, compared to control samples. The results obtained from experiments with microorganisms show similarities with ones collected from experiments with terrestrial plants. Samples treated with AuNPs of size 13 nm showed stimulation in the growth of the colonies compared with 3,5 nm size nanoparticles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanomaterials" title="nanomaterials">nanomaterials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecotoxicology" title=" ecotoxicology"> ecotoxicology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecosystems" title=" ecosystems"> ecosystems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44974/impact-of-gold-and-silver-nanoparticles-on-terrestrial-flora-and-microorganisms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44974.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1678</span> Financial Benefits after the Implementation of Antimicrobial Copper in Intensive Care Units (ICUs)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Efstathiou">P. Efstathiou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Kouskouni"> E. Kouskouni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Papanikolaou"> S. Papanikolaou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Karageorgou"> K. Karageorgou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Manolidou"> Z. Manolidou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tseroni%20Maria"> Tseroni Maria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Efstathiou"> A. Efstathiou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Karyoti"> V. Karyoti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Agrafa"> I. Agrafa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aim: Aim of this study was to evaluate the reduction on Intensive Care Unit (ICU) microbial flora after the antimicrobial copper alloy (Cu+) implementation as well as the effect on financial-epidemiological operation parameters. Methods: Medical, epidemiological and financial data in two time periods, before and after the implementation of copper (Cu 63% - Zn 37%, low lead) were recorded and analyzed in a general ICU. The evaluated parameters were: the importance of patients' admission (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation - APACHE II and Simplified Acute Physiology Score - SAPS), microbial flora's record in the ICU before and after the implementation of Cu+ as well as the impact on epidemiological and ICU's operation financial parameters. Results: During December 2010 and March 2011 and respectively during December 2011 and March 2012 comparative results showed statistically significant reduction on the microbial flora (CFU/ml) by 95% and the use of antimicrobial medicine (per day per patient) by 30% (p = 0,014) as well as patients hospitalization time and cost. Conclusions: The innovative implementation of antimicrobial copper in ICUs contributed to their microbial flora significant reduction and antimicrobial drugs use reduction with the apparent positive effect (decrease) in both patient’s hospitalization time and cost. Under the present circumstances of economic crisis, survey results are of highest importance and value. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial%20copper" title="antimicrobial copper">antimicrobial copper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20benefits" title=" financial benefits"> financial benefits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ICU" title=" ICU"> ICU</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost%20reduction" title=" cost reduction"> cost reduction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14488/financial-benefits-after-the-implementation-of-antimicrobial-copper-in-intensive-care-units-icus" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14488.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">470</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1677</span> Phylogenetic Characterization of Atrazine-Degrading Bacteria Isolated from Agricultural Soil in Eastern Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sawangjit%20Sopid">Sawangjit Sopid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study sugarcane field soils with a long history of atrazine application in Chachoengsao and Chonburi provinces have been explored for their potential of atrazine biodegradation. For the atrazine degrading bacteria isolation, the soils used in this study named ACS and ACB were inoculated in MS-medium containing atrazine. Six short rod and gram-negative bacterial isolates, which were able to use this herbicide as a sole source of nitrogen, were isolated and named as ACS1, ACB1, ACB3, ACB4, ACB5 and ACB6. From the 16S rDNA nucleotide sequence analysis, the isolated bacteria ACS1 and ACB4 were identified as Rhizobium sp. with 89.1-98.7% nucleotide identity, ACB1 and ACB5 were identified as Stenotrophomonas sp. with 91.0-92.8% nucleotide identity, whereas ACB3 and ACB6 were Klebsiella sp. with 97.4-97.8% nucleotide identity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atrazine-degrading%20bacteria" title="atrazine-degrading bacteria">atrazine-degrading bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioremediation" title=" bioremediation"> bioremediation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thai%20isolates" title=" Thai isolates"> Thai isolates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria" title=" bacteria"> bacteria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12599/phylogenetic-characterization-of-atrazine-degrading-bacteria-isolated-from-agricultural-soil-in-eastern-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12599.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">888</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria%20flora&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria%20flora&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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