CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91360bf7dab06198',cH: 'B2P2c94XHf2KElMWPTOkvoYEYoesomHdHUG3dd4XiA4-1739798132-1.2.1.1-L_c6CWqbRPxX82KNMkVXIUONB_Y1m5F9XSpzCQ0gqzDAPD1sbcTVgPSTwYpKbDMO',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/147816\/the-role-of-strategic-alliances-innovation-capability-cost-reduction-in-enhancing-customer-loyalty-and-firms-competitive-advantage?__cf_chl_tk=x2ZJVuXwsnqZH.4RYWbeVoVoXRAnhABSPAuuIA6UjXM-1739798132-1.0.1.1-ykaiaB..Wv1aWR3uGYvPyjQRAI3BuVNpmDlT5VIDqtQ",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739798132',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/147816\/the-role-of-strategic-alliances-innovation-capability-cost-reduction-in-enhancing-customer-loyalty-and-firms-competitive-advantage?__cf_chl_f_tk=x2ZJVuXwsnqZH.4RYWbeVoVoXRAnhABSPAuuIA6UjXM-1739798132-1.0.1.1-ykaiaB..Wv1aWR3uGYvPyjQRAI3BuVNpmDlT5VIDqtQ",md: "iq3Phsuyng0s3XlDJWS5h9YMxlUF3SrQAkgLtGhtdXY-1739798132-1.2.1.1-Af9HQGeT_mao.md_iR3Q9bt6x.1xv2j8c9G2iSngYwF4aIJheitlyu_RKXUK0IIUtXr4pl44a7c_iGPuEY6Xl6.66lpyIgsPKVJFnnhqgDcyRrXwQHix50iPGvgy2aql0jBvDnNMmC.UJ9blZ6Ex6S85HcpQQibNLMLK3avcFfOO_KgpwKvwS4djFdQ3BbH.j8LyKPG0bPL0SBOppMtE_Hb6jsKtmp4vp7ab30hRfrYVrTdgiCoWB7WrhLFYR8LmVVKuGm4OGueFHl0TamErne_XJT5uRvvlXbKDi.hVIVN7EfNhItDvg7EAZxch49IdInn4e2B_aRr58w9bFjKCCnLaXKoy_FpgumXAFAXItVd3fsO6743_GkGYstRgjiq91asjQmNnlPfvLoZ8RU_vrYcCTFNACjmjxzvRgkEYF3VVijv5ac2WpIzyUQMeKzJFNG3Hk66u0P7Sxxi_OLfqLoY2rW_mKdmBnARRWhpiCXrK13zHnt0NBo9Ejk.UIv6GvdfOZeEFTw_OUdqMVAwNR6l6f32JwcFAtpJB9f5kU_J.hDT5GvV.E5Si3hXGeIRC0qonPHy15YIuZJMJRpvdYFt2vhkz9kdO1eJ91lm.7Est7TXoE_cXsG8pvQSuR8wu7jskA4zojOVrCJP3.vouJqz_YqamFOcy4eIt1ApKc7iTcowLFbDFBrS_dTRkdaFFKHCvzFMCRgFt2oOlbLZl.3dVKkbMmQ8.Xi6C.u.oMJnVRxCKx1uc2djQF9lZ8ZIEWETgZGTZeM.uKqIJtvSYxUMAAGRxBPSPfDjX9ZppbrXOlIYkqats6GU_bHqRpOSsG_f.UED1f2Nn_Kr9ywrWzWFLdNdz9NymodCEU.F4Y4VgnUVvajuRphr8emEcyLGLCUL94XMfSHxK.36SYdwcaMbfRXS01HHrCNzruR627Lf6cXp.6y8KC3lxZNfQbrDON7.4ataTH6VYTkcseL5N0kOwFSPxl_MlXE_gidYfNlgh9DFNPgZsHYzajhoEO5eIpJpWQo9Fs48ks1OEhMAjmY0tA7FbZEWB4WGpKFDnbZPuPt9yKyJdYkQYG9gtqe6EWtOKsvXjYjK9JgIAQG2DOuLRq_wnJBoDX.Nd8E_1mOt4xTqnnTFDly9v7z0qR_Z6ImZhmx5rwwH7OtyqgWIU.7X0scuusutpjlYsKz5BM7OXao9g.TGC_p7kjaeA9tanZrbFJ5S883t3P2mzxmqPVFl05SW2hQK0LmcxL.hJHnqMHVpCQfK.eA3bnvqrV42mcuvaf2e86_Fq5bOtrKQ4w1H.ah1wsOTpdQBMIjjTu_F7UqjGF6o7y1NnlmHRPvxvFvRpWc1iMRAjr.PQU5m6A_ULcjRN9Ux5ciHl2L4Zkpjm4ztQBWsXmk9MegrJyCYbYsy0_r5WuMIksztcQiymY6N4VysNpeUTVDud8zwyd.iYkKfZta5H9elFkNtMEZGeTVP21qpWS7MtPN4d_p8NXClHj7I9K55NqemVF4.3DIPWRawHMdJBWOmmUdSaVhbzrkqtb68Mu8TNc2U9mE5yBCRXWAbsu8lKZcSXV81pU1xc.6tcHA1.hF8Bp5IN4RBHtaU.TiNE82LToyv3t3bPugMd2bVP4YVh.Hso4tN5xCa7vX5b9YIZb7YNUd4pZu0PTj67Ip9DJru2H4RyDquqEULVhV3Y6G0UXtgReyu0Si62kFFn2wupId_fZ._XDZaDrwrmj19Y7LSFW7_fNCbc71We7bf4J6ebIUw8pi0X1JCZB8hEkuJx7ws27J2EGd12LWtv1bAdTuzrcsWU7me4CHxWk7un3KsqPKa89MP4tD3ooGg4K_yPx7fQdNVYgmm36AFFNz1R.mfvUIAF4M8NB70sRd8uvLnec86xonWlm.FWy4FccX06vTc7snuFN4Lu6Ji0KNMuKhksaYbcJvE4xkt2COz6RRg5Gh_f9KdmyufY0ztF.C1F7sAScMRa.Xm9v354YZtnPL1xX2ZrWKVS2MG9Z4ecijSKLLrGJb8NMvue9SUWWLTylhrL6DJhbnJhduRYe5EZmOzVDCyv1.B3c_OE9ScNvUSFf9D4leM_F8D1f1xhnhqSklOXYCLse6K2fR2U6IjJcRUknKLfedHM02CLX._OlXbDiPTNP1HjR.6K5uGyE9t5yynkLXDZsyAHIkyyzyRzw0pO6brD96INM52dBzzRimKaGYvrYbquBRhhZA6KiaMlLZLvRJCRMp5v4HjLDzZt2LXE8fB_7c5Deg",mdrd: "Bl2YUuTi.YoVC8cbxCTS8fYEjJGaDhgxTwnjayNmNWE-1739798132-1.2.1.1-ier_fGUgvW30FSndBZu97rIpcXcZMgFLFgwH8ky9OPbBE4gPo0GtBgKJdYasKYknyx68dmuJOp68mUh.zfLIQ_nSWUfASA95RD2d5IR7l7XqQ7mXj_tJg6RTBxUuNXsBarc.gn3lbW5X0JeP3AOsuc7yXO4d4mLZqLdCaPEIC6bziaoXxFShUhpq1gmBfFzSRjKuAolQKKL.OEfcmC99y3MSpJE1wkKZoQK5DPjLEScCmZCz5GAWYXL5zHeCHw2K8JY_aD9scH4UK1TNd5QOZV5bNqiglayzY5G9frEEa0XByN8kQC8zZ6O3iq0fh3sBlL9d2LqQUQxtPUuOOqD.BF3Y1W1GqSifFxd96c6Q_CA9OYNWgqkrKTchbmX1JJOvVRHWweXBrQ3Thmp8j1cNFWDKr4OmFZyiFHzQ1xz6iSv65JIkkEGYM3aR2nW3YhD0qJYIInUmo5QMpfW.YtgBcJ2CN31jNeP6YdpfaX6NW2VA4GHVjvsvI6wq.0FK36QEygrrQUaBMFTaOSW2.MeAssUu3aYtcR2ywwK_4POnlheqg0HrG2f86h_r8A9RKaVWqkpLW5PXuRq3QedI5WLFl8pGsXc8OL3H26ANBQC7GpO14_CfTNuKDgF7NWnoERmPQHRhCkYo5wYGZ4URkKZH9gMGo3bKUMyws9o6vm733QD8cmT8smvCe8iDdn5jucyCY_4SQUU2xQ4iTxjtcxD82Fhb.STjFfAN9ynPdjwsx6AwXRC48oUp4iDZamgcFK9FFZm42l1wva4yG6VqWKvtMF_3hSgiJw97M9a.KgfGhpwKqEN4YVyevwDLFQV5xjnXJTNrd8mnPWcn378RSPWrzy.Jj7jIsK2OUkHFXyrBRQJOHB_XnPw1CqI858BtYn9eojlgiBkZV2Dm8Nt.C17pWDf50BQhP8kPmxFbqvMHJ9DVbSP0xl6012qzknHlp9PoaQC0s4VqYo8fIfmy0jMx8uUqt0NAusibPY3lkHmsVa8lnP17r2SqBy01VBegtRSIdmOn5wkq3JGdeqr5ZA930WzHeXfOgeNoNOQTl0LxJQkHpe_cEpmmLuDRPSD75jJQjY9l3Ck6ruNIj6c8rla5CXEhKDIL6pe.aR7_3uJkRAQWVmxp_I_CozWpcBCuYv_mJmsd4tf2tRWMbjr3WrIpvVAf.waSMs5crOoSDV_1wnDIsBf5PLqHYWF39qWs430HtrMZs8_HthYjhlJvXWhu65.SM4DtVyK0FhvxiCAQJyLXLXOSnE4_N5Kz28eKynbjPWCVi80Mp.Zh46KWwAneARFVvJsMnG6e_hFnDx8SqZPzBFZUZNML9SSxFJM_9wYsbjoo7OnV6zySJjTeMZMxZEzV.oPtsQGOysPxQ6YultpOhnS4wfM01fhLrGmBWNhg1YfPoe1TQLFiwR3IWaZuMRjCSd25WwHiI.zrkQUeb46P7O1G_4beVngLBTefh0SC1elw1cK_qbmGSWibOQOxr7qEMjUSsCaNd737g.8chz_f9DGCqCCaia3fWBg.I_Bs_k.aQJ7D6QvwHvvCxFZ5AhWuraGltYdiNhKeLr.QTumwNZ7lhLVDVSrhihcG4Tv1mRULK6y.oxLqzSXK4cfAzaJ7JXYz2.FPqorrr7bzRVXJEKs2.OqnSn4_Pgip1C4v2RtfRz8cAWroviornvISqS9CbmgDk_PHr6GZkfhJelyHSua53bP99FVtL42Om4HrbLtIE.PM4VcQdLtz7G1_jdWm0V8shnaagFS1UYMevTvrR8AGlxeC4tnPLtKgCoMpwNRVa3AITKeKQbns34L.Hfm0ZvF4W0i9uuyTtt5P8wpua4N6g_Pg7CY7ULU0KaTGqdbGXd1qQaLUkUMO7kHkIh0.sMs.2RU43kJeepVaMG6J.p4LW.toQy7qolwm2apVw7ny60DyEs23WgBkjP2ejOE_pBgen51d1dhcVANLe3_QikDhD04iHdASCG5uFWXAgxXLbz1IGYnyVU3RiR8nhw"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91360bf7dab06198';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/147816\/the-role-of-strategic-alliances-innovation-capability-cost-reduction-in-enhancing-customer-loyalty-and-firms-competitive-advantage?__cf_chl_rt_tk=x2ZJVuXwsnqZH.4RYWbeVoVoXRAnhABSPAuuIA6UjXM-1739798132-1.0.1.1-ykaiaB..Wv1aWR3uGYvPyjQRAI3BuVNpmDlT5VIDqtQ" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>