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<span>Turk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Turk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Persian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Persian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Persian</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Persian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-classical" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-classical"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Post-classical</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Post-classical-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Post-classical subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Post-classical-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-High_command_in_post-classical_armies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#High_command_in_post-classical_armies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>High command in post-classical armies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-High_command_in_post-classical_armies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Origins_of_modern_ranks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origins_of_modern_ranks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Origins of modern ranks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origins_of_modern_ranks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Origins_of_higher_ranks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origins_of_higher_ranks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Origins of higher ranks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origins_of_higher_ranks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Modern</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Modern-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Modern subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Modern-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Commissioned_officers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commissioned_officers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Commissioned officers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commissioned_officers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-General,_flag,_and_air_officers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General,_flag,_and_air_officers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>General, flag, and air officers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General,_flag,_and_air_officers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Field_or_senior_officers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Field_or_senior_officers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>Field or senior officers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Field_or_senior_officers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Company_grade_or_junior_officers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Company_grade_or_junior_officers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.3</span> <span>Company grade or junior officers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Company_grade_or_junior_officers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subordinate_or_student_officer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subordinate_or_student_officer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.4</span> <span>Subordinate or student officer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subordinate_or_student_officer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Warrant_officers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Warrant_officers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Warrant officers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Warrant_officers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Enlisted_personnel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enlisted_personnel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Enlisted personnel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enlisted_personnel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Non-commissioned_officers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-commissioned_officers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.1</span> <span>Non-commissioned officers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Non-commissioned_officers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_enlisted" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_enlisted"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.2</span> <span>Other enlisted</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_enlisted-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Appointment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Appointment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Appointment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Appointment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Types_of_rank" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Types_of_rank"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Types of rank</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Types_of_rank-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Size_of_command" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Size_of_command"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Size of command</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Size_of_command-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Size of command subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Size_of_command-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rank_and_unit_size" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rank_and_unit_size"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Rank and unit size</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rank_and_unit_size-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military_ranks_and_insignia_of_various_nations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_ranks_and_insignia_of_various_nations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Military ranks and insignia of various nations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_ranks_and_insignia_of_various_nations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Military rank</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 59 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-59" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">59 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D8%B9%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="رتبة عسكرية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رتبة عسكرية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grau_militar" title="Grau militar – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Grau militar" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C9%99rbi_r%C3%BCtb%C9%99" title="Hərbi rütbə – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Hərbi rütbə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE" title="সামরিক পদমর্যাদা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সামরিক পদমর্যাদা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Воінскае званне – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Воінскае званне" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Военно звание – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Военно звание" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grau_militar" title="Grau militar – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Grau militar" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8_%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%BD" title="Çарти чын – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Çарти чын" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vojensk%C3%A9_hodnosti" title="Vojenské hodnosti – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vojenské hodnosti" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milit%C3%A6r_rang" title="Militær rang – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Militær rang" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dienstgrad" title="Dienstgrad – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Dienstgrad" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B5jav%C3%A4eline_auaste" title="Sõjaväeline auaste – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sõjaväeline auaste" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grado_militar" title="Grado militar – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Grado militar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soldataj_rangoj" title="Soldataj rangoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Soldataj rangoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graduazio_militar" title="Graduazio militar – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Graduazio militar" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%87_%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C" title="درجه نظامی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="درجه نظامی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grade_militaire" title="Grade militaire – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Grade militaire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milit%C3%AAre_rang" title="Militêre rang – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Militêre rang" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grao_militar" title="Grao militar – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Grao militar" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%B0%EC%82%AC_%EA%B3%84%EA%B8%89" title="군사 계급 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="군사 계급" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B6%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%B9%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Զինվորական կոչումներ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Զինվորական կոչումներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vojni_%C4%8Din" title="Vojni čin – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Vojni čin" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pangkat_militer" title="Pangkat militer – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pangkat militer" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%B6%C3%B0uheiti_%C3%AD_herna%C3%B0i" title="Stöðuheiti í hernaði – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Stöðuheiti í hernaði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grado_militare" title="Grado militare – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Grado militare" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%94_%D7%A6%D7%91%D7%90%D7%99%D7%AA" title="דרגה צבאית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דרגה צבאית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tandha_pangkat_milit%C3%A8r" title="Tandha pangkat militèr – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Tandha pangkat militèr" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D2%9B%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Әскери атақтар – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Әскери атақтар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karinis_laipsnis" title="Karinis laipsnis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Karinis laipsnis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rendfokozat" title="Rendfokozat – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Rendfokozat" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Воен чин – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Воен чин" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%87" title="الرتب العسكريه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الرتب العسكريه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pangkat_tentera" title="Pangkat tentera – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pangkat tentera" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%86%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Цэргийн цол – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Цэргийн цол" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Militaire_rang" title="Militaire rang – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Militaire rang" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BB%8D%E9%9A%8A%E3%81%AE%E9%9A%8E%E7%B4%9A" title="軍隊の階級 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="軍隊の階級" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%A3%DF%8A%DF%B2%DF%AC%DF%95%DF%8C%DF%B0_%DF%96%DF%9F%DF%8A_%DF%9F%DF%8E%DF%AC_%DF%95%DF%90%DF%AE_%DF%92%DF%9E%DF%8F_%DF%98%DF%90%DF%AB" title="ߣߊ߲߬ߕߌ߰ ߖߟߊ ߟߎ߬ ߕߐ߮ ߒߞߏ ߘߐ߫ – N’Ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߣߊ߲߬ߕߌ߰ ߖߟߊ ߟߎ߬ ߕߐ߮ ߒߞߏ ߘߐ߫" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="N’Ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milit%C3%A6r_grad" title="Militær grad – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Militær grad" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grade_militar" title="Grade militar – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Grade militar" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harbiy_unvonlar" title="Harbiy unvonlar – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Harbiy unvonlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stopie%C5%84_wojskowy" title="Stopień wojskowy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Stopień wojskowy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grad_militar" title="Grad militar – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Grad militar" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Воинское звание – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Воинское звание" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grada_ushtarake" title="Grada ushtarake – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Grada ushtarake" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vojensk%C3%A1_hodnos%C5%A5" title="Vojenská hodnosť – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Vojenská hodnosť" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voja%C5%A1ki_%C4%8Dini" title="Vojaški čini – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Vojaški čini" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%84%DB%95_%D8%B3%DB%95%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C%DB%8C%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="پلە سەربازییەکان – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پلە سەربازییەکان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vojni_%C4%8Din" title="Vojni čin – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Vojni čin" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vojni_%C4%8Din" title="Vojni čin – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Vojni čin" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotilasarvo" title="Sotilasarvo – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sotilasarvo" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milit%C3%A4ra_grader" title="Militära grader – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Militära grader" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3" title="ยศทหาร – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ยศทหาร" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%B7%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BC%D3%A3" title="Дараҷаи низомӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Дараҷаи низомӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asker%C3%AE_r%C3%BCtbe" title="Askerî rütbe – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Askerî rütbe" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Військове звання – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Військове звання" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%C3%A2n_h%C3%A0m" title="Quân hàm – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quân hàm" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%86%9B%E8%A1%94" title="军衔 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="军衔" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Element of hierarchy in armed forces</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": 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.infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks mw-collapsible" style="border-collapse:collapse;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;;"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_comparative_military_ranks" title="List of comparative military ranks">Comparative military ranks</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0;"> <table class="infobox-subbox infobox-3cols-child infobox-table"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a"> <b>Armies,<br />air forces <br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(non-Commonwealth)</span></b></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b"> <b>Navies, <br />coast guards</b></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c"> <b>Air forces</b><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><b>(Commonwealth system)</b></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="4" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Flag_officer" title="Flag officer">Flag commissioned officers</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a"> <a href="/wiki/Field_marshal" title="Field marshal">Field marshal</a> or <a href="/wiki/Marshal" title="Marshal">Marshal</a> or <a href="/wiki/Captain_general" title="Captain general">Captain general</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b"> <a href="/wiki/Admiral_of_the_fleet" title="Admiral of the fleet">Admiral of the fleet</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c"> <a href="/wiki/Marshal_of_the_air_force" title="Marshal of the air force">Marshal of the air force</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a"> <a href="/wiki/General_officer" title="General officer">General</a> or<br /><a href="/wiki/Colonel_general" title="Colonel general">colonel general</a> or<br /><a href="/wiki/Army_general" title="Army general">army general</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b"> <a href="/wiki/Admiral" title="Admiral">Admiral</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c"> <a href="/wiki/Air_chief_marshal" title="Air chief marshal">Air chief marshal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a"> <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_general" title="Lieutenant general">Lieutenant general</a> or<br /><a href="/wiki/Army_corps_general" title="Army corps general">army corps general</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b"> <a href="/wiki/Vice_admiral" title="Vice admiral">Vice admiral</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c"> <a href="/wiki/Air_marshal" title="Air marshal">Air marshal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a"> <a href="/wiki/Major_general" title="Major general">Major general</a> or<br /><a href="/wiki/Divisional_general" title="Divisional general">divisional general</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b"> <a href="/wiki/Rear_admiral" title="Rear admiral">Rear admiral</a> or<br /> <a href="/wiki/Counter_admiral" title="Counter admiral">Counter admiral</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c"> <a href="/wiki/Air_vice-marshal" title="Air vice-marshal">Air vice-marshal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a"> <a href="/wiki/Brigadier" title="Brigadier">Brigadier</a> or<br /><a href="/wiki/Brigadier_general" title="Brigadier general">brigadier general</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b"> <a href="/wiki/Commodore_(rank)" title="Commodore (rank)">Commodore</a> or<br /><a href="/wiki/Flotilla_admiral" title="Flotilla admiral">flotilla admiral</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c"> <a href="/wiki/Air_commodore" title="Air commodore">Air commodore</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="4" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Senior_officer" title="Senior officer">Senior commissioned officers</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a"> <a href="/wiki/Colonel" title="Colonel">Colonel</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b"> <a href="/wiki/Captain_(naval)" title="Captain (naval)">(Ship-of-the-line)<br />Captain</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c"> <a href="/wiki/Group_captain" title="Group captain">Group captain</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a"> <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_colonel" title="Lieutenant colonel">Lieutenant colonel</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b"> <a href="/wiki/Frigate_captain" title="Frigate captain">Frigate captain</a> or<br /><a href="/wiki/Commander" title="Commander">Commander</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c"> <a href="/wiki/Wing_commander" title="Wing commander">Wing commander</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a"> <a href="/wiki/Major_(rank)" title="Major (rank)">Major</a> or<br /><a href="/wiki/Commandant_(rank)" title="Commandant (rank)">commandant</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b"> <a href="/wiki/Corvette_captain" title="Corvette captain">Corvette captain</a> or <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_commander" title="Lieutenant commander">Lieutenant<br />commander</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c"> <a href="/wiki/Squadron_leader" title="Squadron leader">Squadron leader</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="4" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Junior_officer" title="Junior officer">Junior commissioned officers</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a"> <a href="/wiki/Captain_(armed_forces)" title="Captain (armed forces)">Captain</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b"> <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_(navy)" title="Lieutenant (navy)">Lieutenant</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c"> <a href="/wiki/Flight_lieutenant" title="Flight lieutenant">Flight lieutenant</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a"> <a href="/wiki/First_lieutenant" title="First lieutenant">First lieutenant</a> or<br /><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant" title="Lieutenant">lieutenant</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b"> <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_(junior_grade)" title="Lieutenant (junior grade)">Lieutenant<br />junior grade</a> or <br /><a href="/wiki/Sub-lieutenant" title="Sub-lieutenant">sub-lieutenant</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c"> <a href="/wiki/Flying_officer" title="Flying officer">Flying officer</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a"> <a href="/wiki/Second_lieutenant" title="Second lieutenant">Second lieutenant</a> or<br /><a href="/wiki/Junior_lieutenant" title="Junior lieutenant">junior lieutenant</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b"> <a href="/wiki/Ensign_(rank)" title="Ensign (rank)">Ensign</a> or<br /><a href="/wiki/Midshipman" title="Midshipman">midshipman</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c"> <a href="/wiki/Pilot_officer" title="Pilot officer">Pilot officer</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a"> <a href="/wiki/Officer_cadet" title="Officer cadet">Officer cadet</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b"> <a href="/wiki/Officer_cadet" title="Officer cadet">Officer cadet</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c"> <a href="/wiki/Flight_cadet" title="Flight cadet">Flight cadet</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="4" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Non-commissioned_officer" title="Non-commissioned officer">Non-commissioned officers</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a"> <a href="/wiki/Warrant_officer" title="Warrant officer">Warrant officer</a> or<br /><a href="/wiki/Sergeant_major" title="Sergeant major">sergeant major</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b"> <a href="/wiki/Warrant_officer" title="Warrant officer">Warrant officer</a> or<br /><a href="/wiki/Chief_petty_officer" title="Chief petty officer">chief petty officer</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c"> <a href="/wiki/Warrant_officer" title="Warrant officer">Warrant officer</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a"> <a href="/wiki/Sergeant" title="Sergeant">Sergeant</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b"> <a href="/wiki/Petty_officer" title="Petty officer">Petty officer</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c"> <a href="/wiki/Sergeant" title="Sergeant">Sergeant</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="4" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Enlisted_rank" title="Enlisted rank">Enlisted ranks</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a"> <a href="/wiki/Corporal" title="Corporal">Corporal</a> or<br /><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_(rank)" title="Bombardier (rank)">bombardier</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b"> <a href="/wiki/Leading_seaman" title="Leading seaman">Leading seaman</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c"> <a href="/wiki/Corporal" title="Corporal">Corporal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a"> <a href="/wiki/Lance_corporal" title="Lance corporal">Lance corporal</a> or<br /><a href="/wiki/Lance_bombardier" class="mw-redirect" title="Lance bombardier">Lance bombardier</a> or<br /><a href="/wiki/Specialist_(rank)" title="Specialist (rank)">Specialist</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b"> <a href="/wiki/Able_seaman_(rank)" title="Able seaman (rank)">Able seaman</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c"> <a href="/wiki/Leading_aircraftman" title="Leading aircraftman">Leading aircraftman</a> or<br /><a href="/wiki/Air_specialist" title="Air specialist">Air specialist</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a"> <a href="/wiki/Private_(rank)" title="Private (rank)">Private</a> or<br /><a href="/wiki/Gunner_(rank)" title="Gunner (rank)">gunner</a> or<br /><a href="/wiki/Trooper_(rank)" title="Trooper (rank)">trooper</a> or<br /><a href="/wiki/Sapper#Specific_usage" title="Sapper">sapper</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b"> <a href="/wiki/Seaman_(rank)" title="Seaman (rank)">Seaman</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c"> <a href="/wiki/Aircraftman" title="Aircraftman">Aircraftman</a> or<br /><a href="/wiki/Airman" title="Airman">airman</a> or<br /><a href="/wiki/Aircraftman" title="Aircraftman">aviator</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="padding:0 2px"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Military_ranks" title="Template:Military ranks"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Military_ranks" title="Template talk:Military ranks"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Military_ranks" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Military ranks"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist" style="width:"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:150%;"><span style="font-size:120%"><a href="/wiki/War" title="War">War</a></span><br /><span class="nobold"><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Outline_of_war" title="Outline of war">outline</a>)</span></span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:War,_northwest_gallery_-_Gari_Melchers,_artist._LCCN91480633_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/War%2C_northwest_gallery_-_Gari_Melchers%2C_artist._LCCN91480633_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-War%2C_northwest_gallery_-_Gari_Melchers%2C_artist._LCCN91480633_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/War%2C_northwest_gallery_-_Gari_Melchers%2C_artist._LCCN91480633_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-War%2C_northwest_gallery_-_Gari_Melchers%2C_artist._LCCN91480633_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/War%2C_northwest_gallery_-_Gari_Melchers%2C_artist._LCCN91480633_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-War%2C_northwest_gallery_-_Gari_Melchers%2C_artist._LCCN91480633_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3691" data-file-height="1076" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Military_history" title="Military history">History</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_warfare" title="Prehistoric warfare">Prehistoric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_warfare" title="Ancient warfare">Ancient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_warfare" title="Medieval warfare">Post-classical</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_fortification" title="Medieval fortification">castles</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_modern_warfare" title="Early modern warfare">Early modern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_Revolution" title="Military Revolution">military revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pike_and_shot" title="Pike and shot">pike and shot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_weaponry_and_warfare" title="Napoleonic weaponry and warfare">napoleonic warfare</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_warfare" title="Modern warfare">Late modern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_warfare" title="Industrial warfare">industrial warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth-generation_warfare" title="Fourth-generation warfare">fourth-gen warfare</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Military" title="Military">Military</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_organization" title="Military organization">Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Command_and_control" title="Command and control">Command and control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="Defense ministry">Defense ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army" title="Army">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navy" title="Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_force" title="Air force">Air force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marines" title="Marines">Marines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coast_guard" title="Coast guard">Coast guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_force" title="Space force">Space force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_reserve_force" title="Military reserve force">Reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regular_army" title="Regular army">Regular</a> / <a href="/wiki/Irregular_military" title="Irregular military">Irregular</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ranks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standing_army" title="Standing army">Standing army</a> / <a href="/wiki/Militia" title="Militia">Militia</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><i>Specialties:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rifleman" title="Rifleman">Rifleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staff_(military)" title="Staff (military)">Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_engineer" title="Combat engineer">Engineers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_intelligence" title="Military intelligence">Intel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance" title="Reconnaissance">Recon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_corps" title="Medical corps">Medical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_police" title="Military police">Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_diving" title="Military diving">Diving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_communications" title="Military communications">Comms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_pilot" title="Aircraft pilot">Pilot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_commissar" title="Political commissar">Commissar</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><i>Land units:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infantry" title="Infantry">Infantry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mechanized_infantry" title="Mechanized infantry">Mechanized</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armoured_fighting_vehicle" title="Armoured fighting vehicle">Armor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cavalry" title="Cavalry">Cavalry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artillery" title="Artillery">Artillery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_forces" title="Special forces">Special forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Signal_corps" title="Signal corps">Signal corps</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><i>Naval units:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frogman" title="Frogman">Frogman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warship" title="Warship">Warships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine" title="Submarine">Submarines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_carrier" title="Aircraft carrier">Aircraft carriers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landing_craft" title="Landing craft">Landing craft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auxiliary_ship" title="Auxiliary ship">Auxiliary ships</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><i>Air units:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fighter_aircraft" title="Fighter aircraft">Fighters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bomber" title="Bomber">Bombers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airborne_early_warning_and_control" title="Airborne early warning and control">Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Close_air_support" title="Close air support">Close air support</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic-warfare_aircraft" title="Electronic-warfare aircraft">Electronic-warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance_aircraft" title="Reconnaissance aircraft">Reconnaissance</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><i>Combat systems:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire-control_system" title="Fire-control system">Fire-control system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire-control_radar" title="Fire-control radar">Fire-control radar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Director_(military)" title="Director (military)">Director (military)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_information_center" title="Combat information center">Combat information center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonar" title="Sonar">Sonar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radar" title="Radar">Radar</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><i>Historical:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ship_gun_fire-control_system" title="Ship gun fire-control system">Ship gun fire-control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_data_computer" title="Gun data computer">Gun data computer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torpedo_Data_Computer" title="Torpedo Data Computer">Torpedo data computer</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><i>Development:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basic_training" class="mw-redirect" title="Basic training">Basic training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_exercise" title="Military exercise">Military manoeuvrers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_training" class="mw-redirect" title="Combat training">Combat training</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Battlespace" title="Battlespace">Battlespace</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li>Aerospace <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aerial_warfare" title="Aerial warfare">Aerial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airborne_forces" title="Airborne forces">Airborne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_warfare" title="Space warfare">Space</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Land_warfare" title="Land warfare">Land</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cold-weather_warfare" title="Cold-weather warfare">Cold-region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desert_warfare" title="Desert warfare">Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortification" title="Fortification">Fortification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jungle_warfare" title="Jungle warfare">Jungle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_warfare" title="Mountain warfare">Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_warfare" title="Urban warfare">Urban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subterranean_warfare" title="Subterranean warfare">Subterranean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tunnel_warfare" title="Tunnel warfare">Tunnel</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Naval_warfare" title="Naval warfare">Sea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphibious_warfare" title="Amphibious warfare">Amphibious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue-water_navy" title="Blue-water navy">Blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown-water_navy" title="Brown-water navy">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green-water_navy" title="Green-water navy">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surface_warfare" title="Surface warfare">Surface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underwater_warfare" title="Underwater warfare">Underwater</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seabed_warfare" title="Seabed warfare">Seabed</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cyberwarfare" title="Cyberwarfare">Cyber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_warfare" title="Information warfare">Information</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Weapon" title="Weapon">Weapons</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-aircraft_warfare" title="Anti-aircraft warfare">Air defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armoured_warfare" title="Armoured warfare">Armor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artillery" title="Artillery">Artillery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrage_(artillery)" title="Barrage (artillery)">Barrage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biological_warfare" title="Biological warfare">Biological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_camouflage" title="Military camouflage">Camouflage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavalry" title="Cavalry">Cavalry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Horses_in_warfare" title="Horses in warfare">Horses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavalry_tactics#Cavalry_in_modern_warfare" title="Cavalry tactics">Air cavalry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemical_warfare" title="Chemical warfare">Chemical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combined_arms" title="Combined arms">Combined arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conventional_warfare" title="Conventional warfare">Conventional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyberweapon" title="Cyberweapon">Cyber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Area_denial_weapon" title="Area denial weapon">Denial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disinformation" title="Disinformation">Disinformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drone_warfare" title="Drone warfare">Drone</a> / <a href="/wiki/Military_robot" title="Military robot">Robot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electromagnetic_warfare" class="mw-redirect" title="Electromagnetic warfare">Electromagnetic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infantry" title="Infantry">Infantry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loitering_munition" title="Loitering munition">Loitering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missile_defense" title="Missile defense">Missile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_music" title="Martial music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_warfare" title="Nuclear warfare">Nuclear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_warfare" title="Psychological warfare">Psychological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiological_warfare" title="Radiological warfare">Radiological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine_warfare" title="Submarine warfare">Submarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unconventional_warfare" title="Unconventional warfare">Unconventional</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Military_tactics" title="Military tactics">Tactics</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_tactics" title="List of military tactics">List of military tactics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_combat_manoeuvring" title="Air combat manoeuvring">Aerial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airlift" title="Airlift">Airlift</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_assault" title="Air assault">Air assault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airbridge_(logistics)" title="Airbridge (logistics)">Airbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airdrop" title="Airdrop">Airdrop</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-aircraft_warfare" title="Anti-aircraft warfare">Anti-aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-submarine_warfare" title="Anti-submarine warfare">Anti-sub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-tank_warfare" title="Anti-tank warfare">Anti-tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle" title="Battle">Battle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavalry_tactics" title="Cavalry tactics">Cavalry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charge_(warfare)" title="Charge (warfare)">Charge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counterattack" title="Counterattack">Counterattack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counterinsurgency" title="Counterinsurgency">Counterinsurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convoy" title="Convoy">Convoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defeat_in_detail" title="Defeat in detail">Defeat in detail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defensive_fighting_position" title="Defensive fighting position">Foxhole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drone_warfare" title="Drone warfare">Drone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Envelopment" title="Envelopment">Envelopment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tactical_formation" title="Tactical formation">Formation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_warfare" title="Guerrilla warfare">Guerrilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_tactics" title="Naval tactics">Naval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shock_and_awe" title="Shock and awe">Rapid dominance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encirclement" title="Encirclement">Encirclement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investment_(military)" title="Investment (military)">Investment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege" title="Siege">Siege</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swarming_(military)" title="Swarming (military)">Swarm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screening_(tactical)" title="Screening (tactical)">Screen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tactical_objective" title="Tactical objective">Tactical objective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturation_attack" title="Saturation attack">Target saturation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trench_warfare" title="Trench warfare">Trench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_(military)" title="Withdrawal (military)">Withdrawal</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Operational_level_of_war" title="Operational level of war">Operational</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_operation" title="Military operation">Military operation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_operations" title="Special operations">Special</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operations_research" title="Operations research">Operations research</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blitzkrieg" title="Blitzkrieg">Blitzkrieg</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expeditionary_warfare" title="Expeditionary warfare">Expeditionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_operation" title="Deep operation">Deep operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maneuver_warfare" title="Maneuver warfare">Maneuver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operational_manoeuvre_group" title="Operational manoeuvre group">Operational manoeuvre group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_(military)" title="Raid (military)">Raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covert_operation" title="Covert operation">Covert</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Military_strategy" title="Military strategy">Strategy</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_strategies_and_concepts" title="List of military strategies and concepts">List of military strategies and concepts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_campaign" title="Military campaign">Military campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-access/area_denial" title="Anti-access/area denial">Anti-access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attrition_warfare" title="Attrition warfare">Attrition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commerce_raiding" title="Commerce raiding">Commerce raiding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter-offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="Counter-offensive">Counter-offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culminating_point" title="Culminating point">Culminating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_in_depth" title="Defence in depth">Defence in depth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fabian_strategy" title="Fabian strategy">Fabian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empty_Fort_Strategy" title="Empty Fort Strategy">Empty fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosaic_Warfare" class="mw-redirect" title="Mosaic Warfare">Mosaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_deception" title="Military deception">Deception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_defence" title="Strategic defence">Defensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_depth" title="Strategic depth">Depth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_goal_(military)" title="Strategic goal (military)">Goal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_strategy" title="Nuclear strategy">Nuclear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_strategy" title="Naval strategy">Naval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offensive_(military)" title="Offensive (military)">Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scorched_earth" title="Scorched earth">Scorched earth</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Grand_strategy" title="Grand strategy">Grand strategy</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asymmetric_warfare" title="Asymmetric warfare">Asymmetric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockade" title="Blockade">Blockade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broken-backed_war_theory" title="Broken-backed war theory">Broken-backed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Class_conflict" title="Class conflict">Class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_war_(general_term)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cold war (general term)">Cold war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_war" title="Colonial war">Colonial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest" title="Conquest">Conquest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Containment" title="Containment">Containment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divide_and_rule" title="Divide and rule">Divide and conquer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_warfare" title="Economic warfare">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endemic_warfare" class="mw-redirect" title="Endemic warfare">Endemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleet_in_being" title="Fleet in being">Fleet in being</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irregular_warfare" title="Irregular warfare">Irregular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wars_of_national_liberation" title="Wars of national liberation">Liberation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limited_war" title="Limited war">Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network-centric_warfare" title="Network-centric warfare">Network-centric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_generation_warfare" title="New generation warfare">New generation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpetual_war" title="Perpetual war">Perpetual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_warfare" title="Political warfare">Political</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princely_rebellion" title="Princely rebellion">Princely</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proxy_war" title="Proxy war">Proxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_war" title="Religious war">Religious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resource_war" title="Resource war">Resource</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_studies" title="Strategic studies">Strategic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_succession" title="War of succession">Succession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_technology" title="Military technology">Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theater_(warfare)" title="Theater (warfare)">Theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Total_war" title="Total war">Total war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_war" title="World war">World war</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Military_administration" title="Military administration">Administrative</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_branch" title="Military branch">Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_policy" title="Military policy">Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staff_(military)" title="Staff (military)">Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_education_and_training" title="Military education and training">Training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_service" title="Military service">Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_sociology" title="Military sociology">Sociology</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Military_organization" title="Military organization">Organization</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Area_of_responsibility" title="Area of responsibility">Area of responsibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Command_hierarchy" title="Command hierarchy">Chain of command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Command_and_control" title="Command and control">Command and control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_doctrine" title="Military doctrine">Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principles_of_war" title="Principles of war">Principles of war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_force" title="Economy of force">Economy of force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_medicine" title="Military medicine">Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_engineering" title="Military engineering">Engineers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_intelligence" title="Military intelligence">Intelligence</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ranks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_technology" title="Military technology">Technology and equipment</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Military_personnel" title="Military personnel">Personnel</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_recruitment" title="Military recruitment">Recruitment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Counter-recruitment" title="Counter-recruitment">counter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conscription" title="Conscription">Conscription</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobilization" title="Mobilization">Mobilization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recruit_training" class="mw-redirect" title="Recruit training">Training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_specialism" title="Military specialism">Specialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morale" title="Morale">Morale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_military" title="Women in the military">Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Children_in_the_military" title="Children in the military">Children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transgender_people_and_military_service" title="Transgender people and military service">Transgender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_harassment_in_the_military" title="Sexual harassment in the military">Harassment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conscientious_objector" title="Conscientious objector">Conscientious objector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_volunteer" title="Military volunteer">Volunteer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_foreign_volunteers" title="List of foreign volunteers">foreign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercenary" title="Mercenary">Mercenary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soldier" title="Soldier">Soldier</a> / <a href="/wiki/Warrior" title="Warrior">Warrior</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Military_logistics" title="Military logistics">Logistics</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_military_logistics" title="History of military logistics">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_economy" title="War economy">War economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military%E2%80%93industrial_complex" title="Military–industrial complex">Military–industrial complex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arms_industry" title="Arms industry">Arms industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Materiel" title="Materiel">Materiel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_supply-chain_management" title="Military supply-chain management">Supply-chain management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_base" title="Military base">Base</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Main_operating_base" title="Main operating base">MOB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forward_operating_base" title="Forward operating base">FOB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outpost_(military)" title="Outpost (military)">Outpost</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Military_science" title="Military science">Science</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Power_projection" title="Power projection">Power projection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loss-of-strength_gradient" title="Loss-of-strength gradient">Loss-of-strength gradient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanchester%27s_laws" title="Lanchester's laws">Lanchester's laws</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Force_multiplication" title="Force multiplication">Force multiplication</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Law_of_war" title="Law of war">Law</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_occupation" title="Military occupation">Occupation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armistice" title="Armistice">Armistice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceasefire" title="Ceasefire">Ceasefire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conscription" title="Conscription">Conscription</a> / <a href="/wiki/Military_volunteer" title="Military volunteer">Volunteer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court-martial" title="Court-martial">Court-martial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desertion" title="Desertion">Desertion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geneva_Conventions" title="Geneva Conventions">Geneva Conventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geneva_Protocol" title="Geneva Protocol">Geneva Protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_military_jurisprudence" title="Islamic military jurisprudence">Islamic rules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_justice" title="Military justice">Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combatant" title="Combatant">Lawful</a> / <a href="/wiki/Unlawful_combatant" title="Unlawful combatant">Unlawful combatant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letter_of_marque" title="Letter of marque">Letter of marque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perfidy" title="Perfidy">Perfidy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_military_company" title="Private military company">Private military</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_foreign_volunteers" title="List of foreign volunteers">Foreign expatriate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercenary" title="Mercenary">Mercenary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privateer" title="Privateer">Privateer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_laws_on_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish laws on war">Jewish laws on war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_of_conquest" title="Right of conquest">Right of conquest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rules_of_engagement" title="Rules of engagement">Rules of engagement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_law" title="Martial law">Martial law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crime" title="War crime">War crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penal_military_unit" title="Penal military unit">Penal military unit</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Military_theory" title="Military theory">Theory</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_supremacy" title="Air supremacy">Air supremacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appeasement" title="Appeasement">Appeasement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Command_of_the_sea" title="Command of the sea">Command of the sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deterrence_theory" title="Deterrence theory">Deterrence theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full-spectrum_dominance" title="Full-spectrum dominance">Full-spectrum dominance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overmatch" title="Overmatch">Overmatch</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Unrestricted_Warfare" title="Unrestricted Warfare">Unrestricted Warfare</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Just_war_theory" title="Just war theory">Just war theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principles_of_war" title="Principles of war">Principles of war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_war" title="Philosophy of war">Philosophy of war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_dilemma" title="Security dilemma">Security dilemma</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tripwire_force" title="Tripwire force">Tripwire force</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_wargaming" title="Professional wargaming">Wargaming</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_simulation" title="Military simulation">Simulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_exercise" title="Military exercise">Exercises</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Military_operations_other_than_war" title="Military operations other than war">Non-warfare</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arms_control" title="Arms control">Arms control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter-insurgency" class="mw-redirect" title="Counter-insurgency">Counter-insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deterrence_theory" title="Deterrence theory">deterrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disaster_response" title="Disaster response">Disaster response</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey-zone_(international_relations)" title="Grey-zone (international relations)">Grey-zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunboat_diplomacy" title="Gunboat diplomacy">Gunboat diplomacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_aid" title="Humanitarian aid">Humanitarian aid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement" title="Law enforcement">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low-intensity_conflict" title="Low-intensity conflict">Low-intensity conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_engineering" title="Military engineering">Military engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multilateralism" title="Multilateralism">Multilateralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peacekeeping" title="Peacekeeping">Peacekeeping</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peacebuilding" title="Peacebuilding">Peacebuilding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_through_strength" title="Peace through strength">Peace through strength</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Show_of_force" title="Show of force">Show of force</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Military_tradition" title="Military tradition">Culture</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_awards_and_decorations" title="Military awards and decorations">Awards and decorations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_cry" title="Battle cry">Battle cry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warrior" title="Warrior">Warrior caste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_film" title="War film">War film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_science_fiction" title="Military science fiction">Military science fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_novel" title="War novel">War novel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-war_movement" title="Anti-war movement">Anti-war movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foot_drill" title="Foot drill">Foot drill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_song" title="War song">War song</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_uniform" title="Military uniform">Uniform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wargame" title="Wargame">Wargame</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)">Related</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_war" title="Women in war">Women in war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_resister" title="War resister">War resister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_studies" title="War studies">War studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horses_in_warfare" title="Horses in warfare">Horses in warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wartime_sexual_violence" title="Wartime sexual violence">Wartime sexual violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_column" title="Fifth column">Fifth column</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_lists" title="Category:Military lists">Lists</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_battles" title="Lists of battles">Battles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_occupations" title="List of military occupations">Military occupations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_established_military_terms" title="List of established military terms">Military terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_operations" title="List of military operations">Operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sieges" title="List of sieges">Sieges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_war_crimes" title="List of war crimes">War crimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_war#Wars" title="Outline of war">Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_weapons" title="Lists of weapons">Weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_writers" title="List of military writers">Writers</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:War" title="Template:War"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:War" title="Template talk:War"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:War"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Military ranks</b> are a system of <a href="/wiki/Hierarchy" title="Hierarchy">hierarchical</a> relationships within <a href="/wiki/Armed_forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Armed forces">armed forces</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Police" title="Police">police</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_agencies" class="mw-redirect" title="Intelligence agencies">intelligence agencies</a> and other institutions organized along military lines. Responsibility for personnel, equipment and missions grow with each advancement. The military rank system defines dominance, <a href="/wiki/Authority" title="Authority">authority</a> and <a href="/wiki/Professional_responsibility" title="Professional responsibility">responsibility</a> within a military hierarchy. It incorporates the principles of exercising <a href="/wiki/Power_(social_and_political)" title="Power (social and political)">power</a> and authority into the military <a href="/wiki/Command_hierarchy" title="Command hierarchy">chain of command</a>—the succession of commanders superior to subordinates through which command is exercised. The military chain of command is an important component for organized collective action.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Uniforms denote the bearer's rank by particular insignia affixed to the uniforms of a number of <a href="/wiki/Countries" class="mw-redirect" title="Countries">countries</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ranking_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Ranking system">Ranking</a> systems have been known for most of military history to be advantageous for <a href="/wiki/Military_operation" title="Military operation">military operations</a>, in particular with regards to logistics, command, and coordination. As time went on and military operations became larger and more complex, more ranks were created and the systems of ranking became more complex.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rank is not only used to designate leadership, but to establish pay-grade as well. As rank increases, pay-grade follows, but so does the amount of responsibility.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In modern armed forces, the use of ranks is almost universal. <a href="/wiki/Communist_state" title="Communist state">Communist states</a> have, on several occasions, abolished the use of ranks (e.g., the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a> <a href="/wiki/Red_Army" title="Red Army">Red Army</a> 1918–1935,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">Chinese</a> <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="People's Liberation Army">People's Liberation Army</a> 1965–1988,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Albanian_People%27s_Army" title="Albanian People's Army">Albanian People's Army</a> 1966–1991<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), but they have had to re-establish them after encountering operational difficulties in <a href="/wiki/Command_and_control" title="Command and control">command and control</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ancient">Ancient</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Ancient"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Greek">Greek</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Greek"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From 501 BC, the <a href="/wiki/Athenians" class="mw-redirect" title="Athenians">Athenians</a> annually elected ten individuals to the rank of <i><a href="/wiki/Strategos" title="Strategos">strategos</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> one for each of the ten "tribes" that had been created with the founding of the <a href="/wiki/Democracy" title="Democracy">democracy</a>. <i>Strategos</i> means "army leader"<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is usually translated as "<a href="/wiki/General" class="mw-redirect" title="General">general</a>". Originally these generals worked together with the old <i><a href="/wiki/Polemarch" title="Polemarch">polemarchos</a></i> ("warlord") but over time the latter figure was absorbed into the generalship: each of the ten generals would rotate as <i>polemarch</i> for one day, and during this day his vote would serve as tie-breaker if necessary. </p><p>The ten generals were equal to one another; there was no hierarchy among them. However, a basic form of democracy was in effect: for example, at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marathon" title="Battle of Marathon">Battle of Marathon</a> in 490 BC, the generals determined the battle plan by majority vote. Particular assignments might have been given to individual generals; inevitably there was a regular division of responsibilities. </p><p>The rank that was subordinate to a top general was a <i>taxiarchos</i> or <i><a href="/wiki/Taxiarhos" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxiarhos">taxiarhos</a></i>, something akin to the modern <a href="/wiki/Brigadier" title="Brigadier">brigadier</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Sparta</a>, however, the title was "<i>polemarchos</i>". Below this was the <i><a href="/wiki/Syntagmatarchis" title="Syntagmatarchis">syntagmatarchis</a></i>, which can be translated as "leader of a <a href="/wiki/Regiment" title="Regiment">regiment</a>" (<i>syntagma</i>) and was therefore like a modern <a href="/wiki/Colonel" title="Colonel">colonel</a>. Below him was the <i><a href="/wiki/Tagmatarches" class="mw-redirect" title="Tagmatarches">tagmatarches</a></i>, a commanding officer of a <i>tagma</i> (near to the modern <a href="/wiki/Battalion" title="Battalion">battalion</a>). The rank was roughly equivalent to the <i><a href="/wiki/Legatus" class="mw-redirect" title="Legatus">legatus</a></i> of a <a href="/wiki/Roman_legion" title="Roman legion">Roman legion</a>. Next was the <i><a href="/wiki/Lokhagos" class="mw-redirect" title="Lokhagos">lokhagos</a></i>, an officer who led an infantry unit called a <i>lokhos</i> that consisted of roughly a hundred men, much the same as in a modern <a href="/wiki/Company_(military_unit)" title="Company (military unit)">company</a> led by a <a href="/wiki/Captain_(OF-2)" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain (OF-2)">captain</a>. </p><p>A Greek cavalry (<i>hippikon</i>) regiment was called a <i>hipparchia</i> and was commanded by an <i><a href="/wiki/Epihipparch" title="Epihipparch">epihipparch</a></i>. The unit was split into two and led by two <i>hipparchos</i> or <a href="/wiki/Hipparchos_(cavalry_officer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hipparchos (cavalry officer)">hipparch</a>, but Spartan cavalry was led by a <i>hipparmostes</i>. A <i>hippotoxotès</i> was a mounted archer. A Greek cavalry company was led by a <i>tetrarchès</i> or <i>tetrarch</i>. </p><p>The rank and file of the military in most of the Greek city states was composed of ordinary citizens. Heavily armed foot soldiers were called <i>hoplitès</i> or <i><a href="/wiki/Hoplite" title="Hoplite">hoplites</a></i> and a <i>hoplomachos</i> was a drill or weapons instructor. </p><p>Once <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> became a <a href="/wiki/Navy" title="Navy">naval</a> power, the top generals of the land armies had authority over the naval fleets as well. Under them, each <a href="/wiki/Warship" title="Warship">warship</a> was commanded by a <i>trièrarchos</i> or <i><a href="/wiki/Trierarch" title="Trierarch">trierarch</a></i>, a word which originally meant "<a href="/wiki/Trireme" title="Trireme">trireme</a> officer" but persisted when other types of vessels came into use. Moreover, as in modern navies, the different tasks associated with running a ship were delegated to different subordinates. Specifically, the <i>kybernètès</i> was the helmsman, the <i>keleustēs</i> managed the rowing speed, and the <i>trièraulès</i> was the flute player who maintained the strike rate for the oarsmen. Following further specialization, the naval <i>strategos</i> was replaced by a <a href="/wiki/Navarch" title="Navarch"><i>nauarchos</i></a>, a sea officer equating to an <a href="/wiki/Admiral" title="Admiral">admiral</a>. </p><p>With the rise of <a href="/wiki/Macedon" class="mw-redirect" title="Macedon">Macedonia</a> under <a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Macedon" title="Philip II of Macedon">Philip II of Macedon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great" title="Alexander the Great">Alexander the Great</a>, the Greek military became professional, tactics became more sophisticated and additional levels of ranking developed. Foot soldiers were organized into heavy infantry <a href="/wiki/Phalanx_formation" class="mw-redirect" title="Phalanx formation">phalanxes</a> called <i><a href="/wiki/Phalangites" class="mw-redirect" title="Phalangites">phalangites</a></i>. These were among the first troops ever to be drilled, and they fought packed in a close rectangular formation, typically eight men deep, with a leader at the head of each column (or file) and a secondary leader in the middle so that the back rows could move off to the sides if more frontage was needed. </p><p>A <i>tetrarchia</i> was a unit of four files and a <i>tetrarchès</i> or <i>tetrarch</i> was a commander of four files; a <i>dilochia</i> was a double file and a <i>dilochitès</i> was a double-file leader; a lochos was a single file and a <i>lochagos</i> was a file leader; a <i>dimoiria</i> was a half file and a <i>dimoirites</i> was a half-file leader. Another name for the half file was a <i>hèmilochion</i> with a <i>hèmilochitès</i> being a half-file leader. </p><p>Different types of units, however, were divided differently and therefore their leaders had different titles. For example, under a numbering system by tens, a <i>dekas</i> or <i>dekania</i> was a unit of ten led by a <i>dekarchos</i>, a <i>hekatontarchia</i> was a unit of one hundred led by a <i>hekatontarchos</i> and a <i>khiliostys</i> or <i>khiliarchia</i> was a unit of a thousand led by a <i>khiliarchos</i>. </p><p>The cavalry, for which Alexander became most famous (in a military sense), grew more varied. There were heavy cavalry and wing cavalry (<i>ilè</i>) units, the latter commanded by an <i>ilarchos</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roman">Roman</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Roman"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Ranks_in_the_Roman_army" class="mw-redirect" title="Ranks in the Roman army">Ranks in the Roman army</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roman_legion#Legionary_ranks" title="Roman legion">Roman legion § Legionary ranks</a></div> <p>The use of formalized ranks came into widespread use with the <a href="/wiki/Roman_legion" title="Roman legion">Roman legions</a> after the reforms by <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Marius" title="Gaius Marius">Marius</a>. Comparisons to modern ranks, however, can only be loose because the Roman army's command structure was very different from the organizational structure of its modern counterparts, which arose from the early modern, Thirty Years' War mercenary companies, rather than from the writings of fourth-century Roman writer <a href="/wiki/Vegetius" title="Vegetius">Vegetius</a> and <a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" title="Julius Caesar">Caesar</a>'s commentaries on his conquest of <a href="/wiki/Gaul" title="Gaul">Gaul</a> and the civil war. </p><p>Military command properly so-called was a political office in Rome. A commander needed to be equipped with <a href="/wiki/Imperium" title="Imperium">imperium</a>, a politico-religious concept. The <a href="/wiki/King_of_Rome" title="King of Rome">king</a> who possessed it (the <i><a href="/wiki/Rex_sacrorum" class="mw-redirect" title="Rex sacrorum">rex sacrorum</a></i>) was strictly forbidden to have it to avoid a return to the monarchy. In the republic, commanding was confined to <a href="/wiki/Consul" title="Consul">consuls</a> or (seldom) to <i><a href="/wiki/Praetors" class="mw-redirect" title="Praetors">praetors</a></i>, or in cases of necessity a <a href="/wiki/Roman_dictator" title="Roman dictator">dictator</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Proconsuls" class="mw-redirect" title="Proconsuls">Proconsuls</a></i>, after the establishment of the office, were used. In imperial times, each legion was commanded by the emperor, who was technically either consul or proconsul. </p><p>The commander could appoint a deputy, a so-called <i><a href="/wiki/Legatus" class="mw-redirect" title="Legatus">legate</a></i> (<i>legatus</i>). The association of "<i>legatus</i>" with "legion" is <a href="/wiki/Folk_etymology" title="Folk etymology">folk etymology</a>, as the meaning of <i>legatus</i> is "proxy" or "envoy". Legates were typically drawn from the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Senate" title="Roman Senate">Roman Senate</a> for three-year terms. The political nature of high military command was even reflected here, in that legions were always subordinate to the <a href="/wiki/Roman_governor" title="Roman governor">governor</a>, and only the second and further legions stationed in a province had their own <i>legatus legionis</i>. The real commanders and the legates together were, in modern terms, the <a href="/wiki/General_officers" class="mw-redirect" title="General officers">general officers</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Immediately beneath the commander (or his legate) were six <a href="/wiki/Military_tribune" title="Military tribune">military tribunes</a> (<i>tribuni militum</i>), five of whom were young men of <a href="/wiki/Equestrian_(Roman)" class="mw-redirect" title="Equestrian (Roman)">equestrian</a> rank and one of whom was a nobleman who was headed for the senate. The latter is called <i>laticlavian</i> tribune (<i>tribunus laticlavius</i>) and was second in command. If in modern <a href="/wiki/Division_(military)" title="Division (military)">divisions</a> the deputy commander is a <a href="/wiki/Brigadier_general" title="Brigadier general">brigadier general</a>, the <i><a href="/wiki/Tribunus_laticlavius" title="Tribunus laticlavius">laticlavian tribune</a></i> can perhaps be translated with this rank, though he commanded no formation of his own. The other tribunes are called <i>tribuni angusticlavii</i> and are equivalent to staff officers in both senses of the term: of ranks <a href="/wiki/Major_(rank)" title="Major (rank)">major</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_colonel" title="Lieutenant colonel">lieutenant colonel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colonel" title="Colonel">colonel</a>, and with administrative duties. They did not command a formation of their own. The term <i>military tribune</i> is even sometimes translated into English as "colonel"—most notably by the late classicist <a href="/wiki/Robert_Graves" title="Robert Graves">Robert Graves</a> in his <i><a href="/wiki/Claudius" title="Claudius">Claudius</a></i> novels and his translation of <a href="/wiki/Suetonius" title="Suetonius">Suetonius</a>' <i>Twelve Caesars</i>—to avoid confusion with the political "<a href="/wiki/Tribune" title="Tribune">tribunes</a> of the people"; in addition, they must not either be confused with the "military tribunes with consular authority", who in early republican times could replace the consuls. </p><p>The third highest officer of a legion, above the <i>angusticlavian</i> tribunes, was the <i><a href="/wiki/Praefectus_Castrorum" class="mw-redirect" title="Praefectus Castrorum">praefectus castrorum</a></i>. He, too, would have a colonel's rank in modern armies, yet he differed much from the tribunes in that his office was not part of the rather administrative <i>cursus</i>, but normally filled by former centurions. (Modern armies have a <a href="/wiki/Warrant_officer" title="Warrant officer">similar distinction</a> on a lower scale—i.e., between commissioned and non-commissioned officers.) </p><p>The fighting men in the legion were formed into "ranks", rows of men who fought as a unit. Under Marius's new system, legions were divided into ten <a href="/wiki/Cohort_(military_unit)" title="Cohort (military unit)">cohorts</a> (<i>cohortes</i>) (roughly equivalent to <a href="/wiki/Battalion" title="Battalion">battalions</a> and immediately subject to the legion), each consisting of three <i>manipula</i>, each of them of two centuries (a rather small <a href="/wiki/Company_(military_unit)" title="Company (military unit)">company</a> in modern terms), each consisting of between 60 and 160 men. Each century was led by a <a href="/wiki/Centurion" title="Centurion">centurion</a> (<i>centurio</i>, traditionally translated as <a href="/wiki/Captain_(OF-2)" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain (OF-2)">captain</a>), who was assisted by a number of junior officers, such as an <i>optio</i>. Centuries were further broken into ten <i>contubernia</i> of eight soldiers each. The <i>manipula</i> were commanded by one of their two centurions, the cohorts by one of their three <i>manipulum's</i> centurions; the most senior cohort-commanding centurions was called <i>primus pilus</i>. The ranks of centurions in the individual cohorts were, in descending order, <i>pilus prior</i>, <i>pilus posterior</i>, <i>princeps prior</i>, <i>princeps posterior</i>, <i>hastatus prior</i>, and <i>hastatus posterior</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Individual soldiers were referred to as soldiers (<i>milites</i>) or legionaries (<i>legionarii</i>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mongol">Mongol</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Mongol"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>See <a href="/wiki/Mongol_military_tactics_and_organization" class="mw-redirect" title="Mongol military tactics and organization">Mongol military tactics and organization</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Turk">Turk</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Turk"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Mongol_military_tactics_and_organization" class="mw-redirect" title="Mongol military tactics and organization">Mongol military tactics and organization</a></div> <p>There were no ranks in the modern sense of a hierarchy of titles, although the army was organized into a hierarchical command. The organization of the army was based on the decimal system, employed by <a href="/wiki/Modun_Chanyu" class="mw-redirect" title="Modun Chanyu">Modun Chanyu</a>. The army was built upon a squad of ten (<i>aravt</i>) led by an appointed chief. Ten of these would then compose a company of a hundred (<i>zuut</i>), also led by an appointed chief. The next unit was a regiment of a thousand (<i>myangat</i>) led by an appointed <i>noyan</i>. The largest organic unit was a ten thousand man unit (<i><a href="/wiki/Tumen_(unit)" title="Tumen (unit)">tumen</a></i>) also led by an appointed <i><a href="/wiki/Noyan" title="Noyan">noyan</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Tobchi'an_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tobchi'an-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Persian">Persian</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Persian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The army of ancient <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia">Persia</a> consisted of manageable military groupings under the individual commands. Starting at the bottom, a unit of 10 was called a <i>dathabam</i> and was led by a <i>dathapatis</i>. A unit of 100 men was a <i>satabam</i> led by a <i>satapatis</i>. A unit of 1,000 was a <i>hazarabam</i> and was commanded by a <i>hazarapatis</i>. A unit of 10,000 was a <i>baivarabam</i> and was commanded by a <i>baivarapatis</i>. The Greeks called such masses of troops a <i>myrias</i> or <i>myriad</i>. Among mounted troops, an <i>asabam</i> was a <a href="/wiki/Cavalry" title="Cavalry">cavalry</a> unit led by an <i>asapatis</i>. </p><p>Historians have discovered the existence of the following ranks in <a href="/wiki/Parthia" title="Parthia">Parthian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sassanid_army" class="mw-redirect" title="Sassanid army">Sassanian</a> armies: </p> <ul><li>Commander-in-chief: <i><a href="/wiki/Spahbod" class="mw-redirect" title="Spahbod">Eran spahbod</a></i> (to be replaced with four <i><a href="/wiki/Spahbod" class="mw-redirect" title="Spahbod">spahbods</a></i>, one for each frontier of the empire during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Khosrau_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Khosrau I">Khosrau I</a>)</li> <li>Commander of the <a href="/wiki/Cavalry" title="Cavalry">cavalry</a>: <i>Aspwargan salar</i> (Parthian) or <i>aswaran salar</i> (Sassanian)</li> <li>Commander of the archers: <i>Tirbodh</i></li> <li>Commander of the <a href="/wiki/Infantry" title="Infantry">infantry</a>: <i>paygan salar</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castellan" title="Castellan">Castellan</a>: <i><a href="/wiki/Argbadh" class="mw-redirect" title="Argbadh">Argbadh</a></i> or <i><a href="/wiki/Argbadh" class="mw-redirect" title="Argbadh">argbod</a></i></li> <li>Commander of a frontier march: <i>Marzpawn</i> (Parthian) or <i><a href="/wiki/Marzban" title="Marzban">marzban</a></i> (Sassanian)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marzban" title="Marzban">Marzban</a> of <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asian</a> marches was called <i>kanarang</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-classical">Post-classical</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Post-classical"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Post-classical militaries did not have a unified rank structure; while the <a href="/wiki/Feudalism" title="Feudalism">feudal</a> lords were in some ways equivalent to modern officers, they did not have a strict hierarchy—a king was conceived of as <a href="/wiki/Primus_inter_pares" title="Primus inter pares">first among equals</a>, not a <a href="/wiki/Monarchy" title="Monarchy">monarch</a> as later or ancient societies understood the concept, and all nobles were theoretically equals (hence "<a href="/wiki/Peerage" title="Peerage">peers</a>").<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> A nobleman was obligated to bring a set number of troops when asked by his liege-lord, a king or merely a higher-ranked noble who had obtained his service by <a href="/wiki/Fief" title="Fief">the gift of land</a>. The troops' lord retained at least nominal control over them—many post-classical military planning sessions involved negotiating each lord's role in the coming battle—and each lord was allowed to leave after a predetermined amount of time had passed. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="High_command_in_post-classical_armies">High command in post-classical armies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: High command in post-classical armies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The command structure of armies was generally loose and varied considerably. Typically, the <a href="/wiki/Monarch" title="Monarch">king</a> and high-ranking lords would call out for all lords to gather their troops for a campaign. They would appoint a renowned noble to organize the assembling forces, the <a href="/wiki/Marshal" title="Marshal">marshal</a>. The term <i><a href="/wiki/Field_marshal" title="Field marshal">field marshal</a></i> came from the marshal then leading the army on the march, and being in charge of organizing camps and logistics. Tactics for an upcoming battle were often decided by <a href="/wiki/Council_of_war" title="Council of war">councils of war</a> among the nobles leading the largest forces. Outside of campaigns, the high <a href="/wiki/Constable" title="Constable">constable</a> had authority over the local constables, and commanders of the garrisons of major castles. The high constable might have authority in the army due to his role of head of the regular cavalry. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Origins_of_modern_ranks">Origins of modern ranks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Origins of modern ranks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As the European and Asian Middle Ages came to an end, the rank structure of post-classical armies became more formalized. The top officers were known as <a href="/wiki/Commissioned_officers" class="mw-redirect" title="Commissioned officers">commissioned officers</a> because their rank came from a royal commission. Army commissions were usually reserved for those of high stature—the <a href="/wiki/Aristocrat" class="mw-redirect" title="Aristocrat">aristocracy</a> of mainland Europe and the aristocracy and <a href="/wiki/Gentry" title="Gentry">gentry</a> of Great Britain. </p><p>The basic unit of the post-classical army was the <a href="/wiki/Company_(military_unit)" title="Company (military unit)">company</a>, a band of soldiers assigned (or raised) by a vassal <a href="/wiki/Lord" title="Lord">lord</a> on behalf of <i>his lord</i> (in later times the king himself). The vassal lord in command of the company was a commissioned officer with the rank of <a href="/wiki/Captain_(OF-2)" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain (OF-2)">captain</a>. Captain was derived from the <a href="/wiki/Late_Latin" title="Late Latin">Late Latin</a> word <i>capitaneus</i> (meaning "head man" or <a href="/wiki/Tribal_chief" title="Tribal chief">chief</a>). </p><p>The commissioned officer assisting the captain with command of the company was the <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant" title="Lieutenant">lieutenant</a>. Lieutenant was derived from the <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French language</a>; the <i>lieu</i> meaning "place" as in a position; and <i>tenant</i> meaning "holding" as in "holding a position"; thus a "lieutenant" is somebody who holds a position in the absence of their superior. When he was not assisting the captain, the lieutenant commanded a unit called a <a href="/wiki/Platoon" title="Platoon">platoon</a>, particularly a more specialized platoon. The word is derived from the 17th-century French <i>peloton</i>, meaning a small ball or small detachment of men, which came from <i>pelote</i>, a ball. </p><p>The commissioned officer carrying the (infantry) company's flag was the <a href="/wiki/Ensign_(rank)" title="Ensign (rank)">ensign</a>. The word <i>ensign</i> was derived from the Latin word <i>insignia</i>. In cavalry companies the equivalent rank was <a href="/wiki/Cornet_(rank)" title="Cornet (rank)">cornet</a>. In English usage, these ranks were merged into the single rank of <a href="/wiki/Second_lieutenant" title="Second lieutenant">second lieutenant</a> in the 19th century. </p><p>Not all officers received a commission from the king. Certain specialists were granted a warrant, certifying their expertise as craftsmen. These <a href="/wiki/Warrant_officers" class="mw-redirect" title="Warrant officers">warrant officers</a> assisted the commissioned officers but ranked above the non-commissioned officers (NCOs). They received their authority from superior officers rather than the king. The first NCOs were the armed servants (<a href="/wiki/Men-at-arms" class="mw-redirect" title="Men-at-arms">men-at-arms</a>) of the aristocracy, assigned to command, organize and train the militia units raised for battle. After years of commanding a squad, an NCO could be promoted to <a href="/wiki/Sergeant" title="Sergeant">sergeant</a>, the highest NCO rank. While a sergeant might have commanded a squad upon promotion, he usually became a staff officer. While commissioned staff officers assisted their commander with personnel, intelligence, operations and logistics, the sergeant was a jack of all trades, concerning himself with all aspects of administration to maintain the enlisted men serving under his commander. Over time, sergeants were differentiated into many ranks as various levels of sergeants were used by the commanders of various levels of units. </p><p>A corporal commanded a <a href="/wiki/Squad" title="Squad">squad</a>. <i>Squad</i> derived from the Italian word for a "square" or "block" of soldiers. In fact, <i>corporal</i> was derived from the Italian <i>caporal de squadra</i> (head of the squad). Corporals were assisted by <a href="/wiki/Lancepesade" class="mw-redirect" title="Lancepesade">lancepesades</a>. Lancepesades were veteran soldiers; <i>lancepesade</i> was derived from the Italian <i>lancia spezzata</i> meaning broken spear—the broken spear being a metaphor for combat experience, where such an occurrence was likely. The first lancepesades were simply experienced privates; who either assisted their corporal or performed the duties of a corporal themselves. It was this second function that made armies increasingly regard their lancepesades as a grade of corporal rather than a grade of private. As a result, the rank of <a href="/wiki/Lance_corporal" title="Lance corporal">lance corporal</a> was derived from combining lancepesade and corporal. </p><p>As the post-classical came to an end, kings increasingly relied on professional soldiers to fill the bottom ranks of their armies instead of militiamen. Each of these professionals began their careers as a <a href="/wiki/Private_(rank)" title="Private (rank)">private</a>. The private was a man who signed a private contract with the company commander, offering his services in return for pay. The money was raised through taxation; those yeomen (<a href="/wiki/Smallholding" title="Smallholding">smallholding</a> peasants) who did not fulfill their annual 40-day militia service paid a tax that funded professional soldiers recruited from the yeomanry. This money was handed to the company commanders from the royal treasury, with the company commanders using the money to recruit the troops. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Origins_of_higher_ranks">Origins of higher ranks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Origins of higher ranks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As armies grew larger, composed of multiple companies, one captain was granted general (overall) authority over the field armies by the king. (National armies were the armies of the kings. Field armies were armies raised by the king to enter the battle field in preparation for major battles.) In French history, <i>lieutenant du roi</i> was a title borne by the officer sent with military powers to represent the king in certain provinces. A <i>lieutenant du roi</i> was sometimes known as a <i><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant général">lieutenant général</a></i> to distinguish him from lieutenants subordinate to mere captains. The sergeant acting as staff officer to the captain general was known as the <a href="/wiki/Sergeant_major_general" title="Sergeant major general">sergeant major general</a>. This was eventually shortened to <a href="/wiki/Major_general" title="Major general">major general</a>, while <a href="/wiki/Captain_general" title="Captain general">captain general</a> began to be addressed, depending on the <a href="/wiki/Military_branch" title="Military branch">military branch</a>, as <a href="/wiki/General_of_the_infantry" title="General of the infantry">general of the infantry</a>, <a href="/wiki/General_of_the_cavalry" title="General of the cavalry">general of the cavalry</a> or <a href="/wiki/General_of_the_artillery" title="General of the artillery">general of the artillery</a>, and these ones, over time, were shortened to simply <a href="/wiki/General" class="mw-redirect" title="General">general</a>. This is the reason a <a href="/wiki/Major_(rank)" title="Major (rank)">major</a> outranks a lieutenant, but a lieutenant general outranks a major general. </p><p>In modern times recruits attending basic training, also referred to as boot camp by some branches, are instructed in the hierarchical structure of military rank. Many new enlisted civilians find it difficult to understand the structure of general staff ranks as stated before, it becomes somewhat complicated to understand when applying basic rationale. </p><p>As armies grew bigger, heraldry and unit identification remained primarily a matter of the regiment. <a href="/wiki/Brigade" title="Brigade">Brigades</a> headed by <a href="/wiki/Brigadier_generals" class="mw-redirect" title="Brigadier generals">brigadier generals</a> were the units invented as a tactical unit by the Swedish king <a href="/wiki/Gustavus_Adolphus_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Gustavus Adolphus II">Gustavus Adolphus II</a> ("Gustav II Adolf", who was killed at the battle of Lützen 1632). It was introduced to overcome the normal army structure, consisting of regiments. The so-called "<i>brigada</i>" was a mixed unit, comprising infantry, cavalry and normally <a href="/wiki/Artillery" title="Artillery">artillery</a>, designated for a special task. The size of such <i>brigada</i> was a reinforced company up to two regiments. The <i>brigada</i> was a 17th-century form of the modern "task force". In some armies "brigadier general" has been shortened to "<a href="/wiki/Brigadier" title="Brigadier">brigadier</a>". </p><p>Around the end of the 16th century, companies were grouped into regiments. The officers commissioned to lead these regiments were called "<a href="/wiki/Colonels" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonels">colonels</a>" (column officers). They were first appointed in Spain by King <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_II_of_Aragon" title="Ferdinand II of Aragon">Ferdinand II of Aragon</a> where they were also known as "<i>coronellos</i>" (crown officers) since they were appointed by the Crown. Thus the English pronunciation of the word <i>colonel</i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The first colonels were captains granted command of their regiments by commission of the king. The lieutenants of the colonel were the <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_colonel" title="Lieutenant colonel">lieutenant colonels</a>. In the 17th century, the sergeant of the colonel was the <a href="/wiki/Sergeant_major" title="Sergeant major">sergeant major</a>. These were field officers, third in command of their regiments (after their colonels and lieutenant colonels), with a role similar to the older, army-level sergeants major (although on a smaller scale). The older position became known as <a href="/wiki/Sergeant_major_general" title="Sergeant major general">sergeant major general</a> to distinguish it. Over time, the <i>sergeant</i> was dropped from both titles since both ranks were used for commissioned officers. This gave rise to the modern ranks of major and major general. </p><p>The full title of sergeant major fell out of use until the latter part of the 18th century, when it began to be applied to the senior non-commissioned officer of an infantry battalion or cavalry regiment. </p><p>Regiments were later split into <a href="/wiki/Battalion" title="Battalion">battalions</a> with a lieutenant colonel as a <a href="/wiki/Commanding_officer" title="Commanding officer">commanding officer</a> and a major as an <a href="/wiki/Executive_officer" title="Executive officer">executive officer</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern">Modern</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Modern"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Globalize plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-globalize" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Globe icon." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_globe_content.svg/48px-Ambox_globe_content.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_globe_content.svg/73px-Ambox_globe_content.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_globe_content.svg/97px-Ambox_globe_content.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="290" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">The examples and perspective in this section <b>may not represent a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Countering_systemic_bias" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Countering systemic bias">worldwide view</a> of the subject</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> You may <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit">improve this section</a>, discuss the issue on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Military_rank" title="Talk:Military rank">talk page</a>, or create a new section, as appropriate.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_comparative_military_ranks" title="List of comparative military ranks">List of comparative military ranks</a></div> <p>Modern military services recognize three broad categories of personnel. These are codified in the <a href="/wiki/Geneva_Conventions" title="Geneva Conventions">Geneva Conventions</a>, which distinguish <i>officers</i>, <i>non-commissioned officers</i>, and <i>enlisted men</i>. </p><p>Apart from <a href="/wiki/Conscription" title="Conscription">conscripted</a> personnel one can distinguish: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commissioned_officers">Commissioned officers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Commissioned officers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Officer_(armed_forces)" title="Officer (armed forces)">Officer (armed forces)</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Officer_(armed_forces)" title="Officer (armed forces)">Officers</a> are distinguished from other military members (or an <i>officer in training</i>) by holding a <a href="/wiki/Commission_(document)" title="Commission (document)">commission</a>; they are trained or training as leaders and hold command positions. </p><p>Officers are further generally separated into four levels: </p> <ul><li>General, flag, or air officers</li> <li>Field or senior officers</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Company-grade_officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Company-grade officer">Company grade</a> or junior officers</li> <li>Subordinate officer (<a href="/wiki/Naval_cadet" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval cadet">naval cadet</a> or <a href="/wiki/Officer_cadet" title="Officer cadet">officer cadet</a> in the Canadian forces, for example)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="General,_flag,_and_air_officers"><span id="General.2C_flag.2C_and_air_officers"></span>General, flag, and air officers <span class="anchor" id="General,_Flag,_or_Air_Officers"></span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: General, flag, and air officers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/General_officer" title="General officer">General officer</a></div> <p>Officers who typically command units or <a href="/wiki/Formation_(military)" class="mw-redirect" title="Formation (military)">formations</a> that are expected to operate independently for extended periods of time (i.e., <a href="/wiki/Brigade" title="Brigade">brigades</a> and larger, or <a href="/wiki/Flotilla" title="Flotilla">flotillas</a> or <a href="/wiki/Squadron_(naval)" title="Squadron (naval)">squadrons</a> of ships), are referred to variously as <a href="/wiki/General_officer" title="General officer">general officers</a> (in armies, marines, and some air forces), <a href="/wiki/Flag_officer" title="Flag officer">flag officers</a> (in navies and coast guards), or <a href="/wiki/Air_officer" title="Air officer">air officers</a> (in some <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth</a> air forces). </p><p>General-officer ranks typically include (from the most senior) <a href="/wiki/General" class="mw-redirect" title="General">general</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_general" title="Lieutenant general">lieutenant general</a>, <a href="/wiki/Major_general" title="Major general">major general</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Brigadier_general" title="Brigadier general">brigadier general</a>, although there are many variations like division general or (air-, ground-) force general. </p><p>Flag-officer ranks, named after the traditional practice of showing the presence of such an officer with a flag on a ship and often land, typically include (from the most senior) <a href="/wiki/Admiral" title="Admiral">admiral</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vice_admiral" title="Vice admiral">vice admiral</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rear_admiral" title="Rear admiral">rear admiral</a>. In some navies, such as <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Forces_Maritime_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Forces Maritime Command">Canada's</a>, the rank of <a href="/wiki/Commodore_(rank)" title="Commodore (rank)">commodore</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Flag_rank" class="mw-redirect" title="Flag rank">flag rank</a>. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">United Kingdom</a> and most other <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth</a> air forces, <a href="/wiki/Air_officer" title="Air officer">air-officer</a> ranks usually include <a href="/wiki/Air_chief_marshal" title="Air chief marshal">air chief marshal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Air_marshal" title="Air marshal">air marshal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Air_vice-marshal" title="Air vice-marshal">air vice-marshal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Air_commodore" title="Air commodore">air commodore</a>. For some air forces, however, such as those of <a href="/wiki/RCAF" class="mw-redirect" title="RCAF">Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States</a> and many other air forces, general officer rank titles are used. In the case of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a>, that service was once part of the U.S. Army and evolved as a separate service in 1947, carrying over its extant officer rank structure. Brazil and Argentina use a <a href="/wiki/Brigadier#Officer_rank_in_Latin_America" title="Brigadier">system of general officer ranks based on the term brigadier</a>. </p><p>In some forces, there may be one or more superior ranks to the common examples, above, that are given distinguishing titles, such as <a href="/wiki/Field_marshal" title="Field marshal">field marshal</a> (most armies of the world, notably excluding the United States) or general of the army (mainly the United States because "marshal" is used as a peace officer's designation), <a href="/wiki/Fleet_admiral" class="mw-redirect" title="Fleet admiral">fleet admiral</a> (<a href="/wiki/U.S._Navy" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Navy">U.S. Navy</a>), <a href="/wiki/Marshal_of_the_Royal_Air_Force" title="Marshal of the Royal Air Force">Marshal of the Royal Air Force</a>, or other national air force. These ranks have often been discontinued, such as in Germany and Canada, or limited to wartime or honorific promotion, such as in the United Kingdom and the United States. </p><p>In various countries, particularly the United States, these may be referred to as "star ranks" for the number of stars worn on some rank insignia: typically one-star for brigadier general or equivalent with the addition of a star for each subsequent rank. In the United States, five stars has been the highest rank regularly attainable (excluding the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_rank_insignia" title="United States Marine Corps rank insignia">marines</a> and <a href="/wiki/U.S._Coast_Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Coast Guard">coast guard</a>, which have traditionally served as branches of the navy in times of war and thus under the command of a fleet admiral). There also exists the specialty ranks of <a href="/wiki/General_of_the_Armies_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="General of the Armies of the United States">General of the Armies of the United States</a> and <a href="/wiki/Admiral_of_the_Navy" title="Admiral of the Navy">Admiral of the Navy</a> which at their inception were considered senior four star officers but came to be considered <a href="/wiki/Six-star_rank" title="Six-star rank">six-star rank</a> after the creation of five star officers. To date only one officer has held a six star rank in his lifetime, <a href="/wiki/John_J._Pershing" title="John J. Pershing">John J. Pershing</a>. <a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a> was posthumously promoted to the post in 1976. Additionally, <a href="/wiki/George_Dewey" title="George Dewey">Admiral George Dewey</a> was promoted to admiral of the navy but died well before statute made it senior to an admiral of the fleet upon the latter's inception. </p><p>Some titles are not genuine ranks, but either functions assumed by generals or honorific titles. For instance, in the <a href="/wiki/French_Army" title="French Army">French Army</a> <i><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_corps_d%27arm%C3%A9e" class="mw-redirect" title="Général de corps d'armée">général de corps d'armée</a></i> is a function assumed by some <i><a href="/wiki/Major_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Major General">généraux de division</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Marshal_of_France" title="Marshal of France">maréchal de France</a></i>, which is a distinction denoting the most superior military office, but one that has often neutered the practical command powers of those on whom it is conferred. In the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Commodore_(USN)" class="mw-redirect" title="Commodore (USN)">commodore</a> currently is a senior <a href="/wiki/Captain_(naval)" title="Captain (naval)">captain</a> commanding a <a href="/wiki/Squadron_(naval)" title="Squadron (naval)">squadron</a>, air group, or air wing that is too small for a <a href="/wiki/Rear_admiral" title="Rear admiral">rear admiral</a> to command, although that name has historically been used as a rank. The title (not rank) of commodore can also indicate an officer who is senior to a ship's captain (since only the ship's commanding officer is addressed as captain while under way). Marine captains are sometimes referred to as major to distinguish themselves while shipboard, although this reference is not employed in the U.S. Navy or U.S. Marine Corps. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Field_or_senior_officers">Field or senior officers</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Field or senior officers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Field_officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Field officer">Field officer</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Field_officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Field officer">Field officers</a>, also called "field-grade officers" or "senior officers", are officers who typically command units that can be expected to operate independently for short periods of time (i.e., infantry battalions, cavalry or artillery regiments, warships, <a href="/wiki/Squadron_(aviation)" title="Squadron (aviation)">air squadrons</a>). Field officers also commonly fill staff positions of superior commands. </p><p>The term <i>field(-grade) officer</i> is primarily used by armies and marines; air forces, navies and coast guards generally prefer the term "senior officer." The two terms are not necessarily synonymous because the former is frequently used to describe any officer who holds a command position from a platoon to a <a href="/wiki/Theater_(warfare)" title="Theater (warfare)">theater</a>. </p><p>Typical army and marine field officer ranks include <a href="/wiki/Colonel" title="Colonel">colonel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_colonel" title="Lieutenant colonel">lieutenant colonel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Major_(rank)" title="Major (rank)">major</a> and, in the British army, captains holding an <a href="/wiki/Adjutant" title="Adjutant">adjutant</a>'s or operations officer appointment. In many Commonwealth countries the field rank of <a href="/wiki/Brigadier" title="Brigadier">brigadier</a> is used, although it fills the position held by brigadier general in other countries. In the United States Army, warrant officers who hold the rank of CW3–CW4 are field grade officers; CW5s are senior field grade officers. </p><p>Naval and coast guard senior officer ranks include <a href="/wiki/Captain_(Navy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain (Navy)">captain</a> and <a href="/wiki/Commander#Commander_as_a_naval_and_air_force_rank" title="Commander">commander</a>. In some countries, the more senior rank of <a href="/wiki/Commodore_(rank)" title="Commodore (rank)">commodore</a> is also included. In others <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_commander" title="Lieutenant commander">lieutenant commanders</a>, as equivalents to army and marine majors, are considered senior officers. </p><p>Commonwealth air force senior officer ranks include <a href="/wiki/Group_captain" title="Group captain">group captain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wing_commander" title="Wing commander">wing commander</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Squadron_leader" title="Squadron leader">squadron leader</a>, where such ranks are still used. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Company_grade_or_junior_officers">Company grade or junior officers</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Company grade or junior officers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Junior_officer" title="Junior officer">Junior officer</a></div> <p>The ranks of junior officers are the three or four lowest ranks of officers. Units under their command are generally not expected to operate independently for any significant length of time. Company grade officers also fill staff roles in some units. In some militaries, however, a captain may act as the permanent commanding officer of an independent company-sized army unit, for example a signal or field engineer <a href="/wiki/Squadron_(cavalry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Squadron (cavalry)">squadron</a>, or a field artillery battery. </p><p>Typical army company officer ranks include <a href="/wiki/Captain_(land)" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain (land)">captain</a> and various grades of <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant" title="Lieutenant">lieutenant</a>. Typical naval and coast guard junior officer ranks include grades of <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_commander" title="Lieutenant commander">lieutenant commander</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lieutenant_(Navy)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lieutenant (Navy) (page does not exist)">lieutenant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_junior_grade" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant junior grade">lieutenant junior grade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sub-lieutenant#Naval_rank)" title="Sub-lieutenant">sub-lieutenant</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ensign_(rank)" title="Ensign (rank)">ensign</a>. Commonwealth (excluding Canada) air force junior officer ranks usually include <a href="/wiki/Flight_lieutenant" title="Flight lieutenant">flight lieutenant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flying_officer" title="Flying officer">flying officer</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pilot_officer" title="Pilot officer">pilot officer</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Subordinate_or_student_officer">Subordinate or student officer</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Subordinate or student officer"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Officers in training in the Canadian Armed Forces are either <a href="/wiki/Naval_cadet" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval cadet">naval cadet</a> for naval training or <a href="/wiki/Officer_cadet" title="Officer cadet">officer cadet</a> for army or air force training. </p><p>In the US and several other western forces, officers in training are referred to as student officers, and carry the rank of <a href="/wiki/Cadet" title="Cadet">cadet</a> (army and air force) or <a href="/wiki/Midshipman" title="Midshipman">midshipman</a> (navy, and in some countries, marines). These officers may be serving at a <a href="/wiki/Military_academy" title="Military academy">military academy</a>, or, as common in the United States, as members of a military training unit attached to a civilian college or university, such as an <a href="/wiki/ROTC" class="mw-redirect" title="ROTC">ROTC</a> unit. This is due to a requirement that commissioned officers have at least a four-year collegiate undergraduate degree. </p><p>The British Army refers to its trainee officers as officer cadets, who rank as private soldiers at the start of their training, with no authority over other ranks (except when appointed to carry out a role as part of training). Officer cadets are addressed to as "Mister" or "Miss" until the completion of the early stages of their training at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Military_Academy_Sandhurst" title="Royal Military Academy Sandhurst">Royal Military Academy Sandhurst</a> (at which point cadets "pass out" and formally gain their commissions), thereafter other ranks (non-officers) will address them as "Sir" or "Ma'am". </p><p>While cadet has always been a rank of limited authority and prestige (cadets and US Navy midshipmen have no authority over commissioned personnel, warrants, or officers, only subordinate cadets), midshipman has historically been a rank with limited leadership responsibility, particularly in the Royal Navy (where cadets are commissioned at the start of their training, unlike their army counterparts). This tradition was continued by the US Navy after its original adoption of the rank, but now US Navy midshipmen are limited in the same manner as cadets in the other US services. Additionally, US Marine officers in training are also midshipmen, trained and educated alongside their naval counterparts, and wear distinctive insignia to indicate their branch of service. </p><p><a href="/wiki/US_Coast_Guard_Academy" class="mw-redirect" title="US Coast Guard Academy">US Coast Guard Academy</a> students are referred to as "cadets", while those attending the military branch's <a href="/wiki/Officer_candidate_school" title="Officer candidate school">officer candidate school</a> are "officer candidates". </p><p>In the US an alternative to spending four years as a cadet or midshipmen is for college graduates with a four-year degree to attend officer candidate school, an intensive twelve-week training course designed to convert college graduates into military officers. Each service has at least one, and usually several, officer candidate school facilities. Students at these programs are called <a href="/wiki/Officer_candidate" title="Officer candidate">officer candidates</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Warrant_officers">Warrant officers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Warrant officers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Warrant_officer" title="Warrant officer">Warrant officer</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Warrant_officer" title="Warrant officer">Warrant officers</a> (as receiving authority by virtue of a warrant) are a hybrid rank treated slightly differently in each country or service. Warrant officers may either be effectively senior <a href="/wiki/Non-commissioned_officer" title="Non-commissioned officer">non-commissioned officers</a> or an entirely separate grade between commissioned and non-commissioned officers, usually held by specialist personnel. </p><p>In the United States, <a href="/wiki/Warrant_officer_(United_States)" title="Warrant officer (United States)">warrant officers</a> are appointed by warrant then commissioned by the President of the United States at the rank of chief warrant officer. Warrant officers range from WO1–CW5. A warrant officer is not a chief warrant officer until they reach W2. CW3–CW4 are field grade officers. Warrant officers in the rank or grade of CW5 are senior field grade officers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Enlisted_personnel">Enlisted personnel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Enlisted personnel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Enlisted personnel are personnel below commissioned rank and make up the vast majority of military personnel. They are known by different names in different countries, such as <a href="/wiki/Other_ranks_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Other ranks (UK)">other ranks</a> (ORs) in the United Kingdom and some Commonwealth countries, and <a href="/wiki/Non-commissioned_members" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-commissioned members">non-commissioned members</a> (NCMs) in Canada. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Non-commissioned_officers">Non-commissioned officers</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Non-commissioned officers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Non-commissioned_officer" title="Non-commissioned officer">Non-commissioned officer</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Non-commissioned_officer" title="Non-commissioned officer">Non-commissioned officers</a> (NCOs) are enlisted personnel, under the command of an officer, granted delegated authority to supervise other military members or assigned significant administrative responsibilities. They are responsible for the care and direct control of junior military members, often functioning in the smaller field units as <a href="/wiki/Executive_officer" title="Executive officer">executive officers</a>. </p><p>Even the most senior NCO officially ranks beneath the most junior commissioned officer or warrant officer. However, most senior NCOs have more experience, possibly including combat, than junior officers. In many armies, because junior officers have a great amount of responsibility and authority but little operational experience, they are paired with senior NCO advisers. In some organizations, senior NCOs may have formal responsibility and informal respect beyond that of junior officers, but less than that of warrant officers. Many warrant officers come from the ranks of mid-career NCOs. In some countries warrant ranks replace senior enlisted ranks. </p><p>NCO ranks typically include a varying number of grades of <a href="/wiki/Sergeant" title="Sergeant">sergeant</a> and <a href="/wiki/Corporal" title="Corporal">corporal</a> (air force, army and marines), or <a href="/wiki/Chief_petty_officer" title="Chief petty officer">chief petty officer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Petty_officer" title="Petty officer">petty officer</a> (navy and coast guard). In many navies the term 'rating' is used to designate specialty, while <i>rank</i> denotes pay grade. </p><p>In some countries warrant officers come under the non-commissioned officer branch (senior non-commissioned officiers). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_enlisted">Other enlisted</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Other enlisted"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Personnel with no command authority usually bear titles such as <a href="/wiki/Private_(rank)" title="Private (rank)">private</a>, <a href="/wiki/Airman" title="Airman">airman</a> or <a href="/wiki/Aircraftman" title="Aircraftman">aircraftman</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Seaman_(rank)" title="Seaman (rank)">seaman</a> (starting with <a href="/wiki/Seaman_recruit" title="Seaman recruit">seaman recruit</a> in the United States Navy and Coast Guard). In the United States Marine Corps individuals of all ranks regardless of command status may be referred to as "marine". In the United States Air Force individuals of all ranks regardless of command status may be referred to as "airman". Shortly after the Sailor's Creed was formally instituted, Secretary of the Navy John Dalton directed that the word <i>sailor</i> should be capitalized when referring to any uniformed member of the Navy. In some countries and services, personnel in different branches have different titles. These may have a variety of grades, such as <a href="/wiki/Private_first_class" title="Private first class">private first class</a>, but these usually only reflect variations in pay, not increased authority. These may or may not technically be ranks, depending on the country or service. Each rank gives the individual an indication of how long and how well they have served in combat and training. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Appointment">Appointment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Appointment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Appointment is the instrument by virtue of which the person exercises their authority. Officers are appointed by a royal <a href="/wiki/Letters_patent" title="Letters patent">commission</a> in most monarchies or a presidential commission in many other countries. In the Commonwealth, warrant officers hold a royal or presidential warrant. In the United States, officers are appointed by the president, with the advice and consent of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a>. Most officers are approved <i>en bloc</i> by <a href="/wiki/Voice_vote" title="Voice vote">voice vote</a>, but flag officers are usually required to appear before the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Armed_Services" title="United States Senate Committee on Armed Services">Armed Services Committee</a> and answer questions to the satisfaction of its members, prior to a vote on their commission. </p><p>NCOs are appointed by an instrument of appointment, a written document, often a certificate, usually from the service head. Entry into service is often referred to as enlistment throughout the English-speaking world, even in countries where soldiers do not technically enlist. </p><p>Sometimes personnel serve in an appointment which is higher than their actual rank. For instance, <a href="/wiki/Commodore_(RN)" class="mw-redirect" title="Commodore (RN)">commodore</a> used to be an appointment of <a href="/wiki/Captain_(Royal_Navy)" title="Captain (Royal Navy)">captain</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lance_corporal" title="Lance corporal">lance corporal</a> used to be an appointment of private in the <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types_of_rank">Types of rank</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Types of rank"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are a number of different forms of rank; from highest to lowest degree, they are: </p> <ul><li><i>Substantive</i> or <i>permanent</i>: the fully paid and confirmed rank, with eligibility for the corresponding pension and benefits <ul><li><i>Retired</i> or <i>retained</i>: usually granted to those officers of the rank of <i>lieutenant</i> in the navy, or <i>captain</i> in the army, or above, and enlisted, who have reached the end of their service obligation and have not been <a href="/wiki/Dishonorably_discharged" class="mw-redirect" title="Dishonorably discharged">dishonorably discharged</a> or dismissed from the service. A retired rank is usually kept for life, if the officer concerned so wishes. In the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth of Nations</a>, such an officer will also hold the style of <a href="/wiki/Esquire" title="Esquire">Esquire</a>, if they do not hold a higher title. In the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, an officer of the regular service placed on the retired list or on the reserve will be shown in his/her substantive rank. An officer of the rank of lieutenant, captain, flight lieutenant or above leaving the reserve, or having no reserve liability is permitted to use their rank a <a href="/wiki/Courtesy_title" title="Courtesy title">courtesy title</a> if they have completed 3 years service in the active list.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Veteran" title="Veteran">Veterans</a></i> rank is different in each country. Members of the United States military maintain their highest rank after discharge or retirement. 10 U.S. Code § 772(e) states: A person not on active duty who served honorably in time of war in the Army, Navy, Air Force, or Marine Corps may bear the title and wear the uniform of the highest grade held by him during that war. After a war, regular serving members of the military holding war substantive or temporary rank often revert to their former, substantive rank and all others often end their service. However, the holder may be granted permission to permanently <i>retain</i> the rank they held when the conflict ended.</li></ul></li> <li><i>Temporary</i>: usually granted for a specific task or mission. The holder holds the rank while occupying that position. Despite the name, temporary rank may be held for a considerable period of time, perhaps even years. In wartime, temporary ranks are often common. In the United Kingdom, the rank of brigadier was long considered a temporary rank; while its holder was addressed as "brigadier," he would retain the substantive rank of colonel or lieutenant-colonel if not selected for promotion to general officer rank. Sub-classes of temporary rank (from highest to lowest) include: <ul><li><i>War substantive</i>: a temporarily confirmed rank only held for the duration of that war, though war substantive rank may be treated as substantive when considering the holder's eligibility for subsequent promotions and appointments.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Acting_rank" title="Acting rank">Acting</a></i> is where the holder assumes the pay and allowances appropriate to the acting rank, but a higher commanding officer may revert the holder to previous rank held. This is normally for a short period of time while the permanent occupant of the office is absent. During wartime, acting ranks are frequently held on an emergency basis, while peacetime holders of acting ranks are often those who must hold their permanent rank for a sufficient period before being confirmed in their new higher rank.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brevet_(military)" title="Brevet (military)">Brevet</a></i>: an honorary promoted rank, without the full official authority or pay appropriate to the rank.</li> <li><i>Local</i> or <i>theater</i>: a form of temporary rank restricted to a specific location instead of a specific duty.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titular_and_honorary_rank#Honorary_rank" title="Titular and honorary rank">Honorary</a>: Often granted on retirement, or in certain special cases to honour a deserving civilian. Generally, honorary rank is treated as if it were substantive, but usually does not grant a corresponding wage or pension (increase). Certain members of the <a href="/wiki/British_royal_family" title="British royal family">British royal family</a> that serve in the military have honorary ranks in other services, but retain their original rank. <a href="/wiki/Prince_Harry" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Harry">Prince Harry</a>, the Duke of Sussex, is a major in the <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a>, but has an honorary rank of <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_commander_(Royal_Navy)" title="Lieutenant commander (Royal Navy)">lieutenant commander</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a>, and squadron leader in the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Size_of_command">Size of command</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Size of command"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rank_and_unit_size">Rank and unit size</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Rank and unit size"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Military_organization" title="Military organization">Military organization</a></div> <p>To get a sense of the practical meaning of these ranks—and thus to be able to compare them across the different armed services, different nations, and the variations of titles and insignia—an understanding of the relative levels and sizes of each command is helpful. The ranking and command system used by <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">U.S. Marine</a> ground forces or <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">U.S. Army</a> <a href="/wiki/Infantry" title="Infantry">infantry</a> units can serve as a template for this purpose. Different countries will often use their own systems that do not match the presentation here. </p><p>Under this system, starting from the bottom and working up, a corporal leads a <a href="/wiki/Fireteam" title="Fireteam">fireteam</a> consisting of three other individuals. A sergeant leads a <a href="/wiki/Squad" title="Squad">squad</a> consisting of three fireteams. As a result, a full squad numbers 13 individuals. Squads usually have numbered designations (e.g., 1st Squad). </p><p>Generally, in most armies and marine units, a lieutenant or equivalent rank leads a <a href="/wiki/Platoon" title="Platoon">platoon</a>, which can consist of three or four squads. For example, in U.S. Marine <a href="/wiki/Infantry" title="Infantry">infantry</a> units, rifle platoons usually consist of three rifle squads of 13 men each, with a Navy <a href="/wiki/Corpsman" class="mw-redirect" title="Corpsman">corpsman</a>, the platoon leader, and a platoon sergeant (i.e., a <a href="/wiki/Staff_sergeant" title="Staff sergeant">staff sergeant</a> who serves as second-in-command). An infantry platoon can number from 42 to 55 individuals, depending on the service. Platoons are usually numbered (e.g., 1st Platoon) or named after their primary function (e.g., service platoon). </p><p>A captain or equivalent rank commands a <a href="/wiki/Company_(military_unit)" title="Company (military unit)">company</a>, usually consisting of four platoons (three line platoons and one heavy weapons platoon). His headquarters can include a <a href="/wiki/First_sergeant" title="First sergeant">first sergeant</a> and as many as seven others. As such, a company can comprise from roughly 175 to 225 individuals. Equivalent units also commanded by captains are batteries (for field artillery units) and detachments. In English speaking countries, a company (or <a href="/wiki/Troop" title="Troop">troop</a> in the cavalry, and <a href="/wiki/Artillery_battery" title="Artillery battery">battery</a> in the artillery) is usually designated by a letter (e.g., "A Company"). In non-English speaking countries, they are usually numbered.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In most Commonwealth armies a company is commanded by a major, assisted by a captain. </p><p>A lieutenant colonel or equivalent rank commands a <a href="/wiki/Battalion" title="Battalion">battalion</a> or a <a href="/wiki/Squadron_(army)" title="Squadron (army)">squadron</a>, often consisting of four companies, plus the various members of his headquarters. A battalion is around 500–1,500 men and usually consists of between two and six companies. </p><p>A colonel or equivalent commands a <a href="/wiki/Regiment" title="Regiment">regiment</a> or <a href="/wiki/Group_(air_force)" class="mw-redirect" title="Group (air force)">group</a>, often consisting of two or more battalions (for an infantry unit) or five to six air groups (for a wing). Battalions and regiments are usually numbered, either as a separate battalion or as part of a regimental structure (e.g., 1-501st Infantry in the US Army). </p><p>The next level has been a <a href="/wiki/Brigade" title="Brigade">brigade</a>, commanded by a brigadier general, and containing two or more regiments or three to eight battalions. In the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">U.S. Army</a>, a brigade is roughly equal to or a little larger than a regiment, consisting of three to seven battalions. Strength typically ranges from 1,500 to 3,500 personnel. In the U.S. Marines, brigades are only formed for certain missions. In size and nature they are larger and more varied collections of battalions than is common for a regiment, fitting them for their traditional role as the smallest formation able to operate independently on a battlefield without external logistical tactical support. Brigades are usually numbered (e.g., 2nd Brigade). </p><p>The level above regiment and brigade is the <a href="/wiki/Division_(military)" title="Division (military)">division</a>, commanded by a major general and consisting of from 10,000 to 20,000 persons. The 1st Marine Division, for example, is made up of four marine regiments (of the type described above), one assault amphibian battalion, one reconnaissance battalion, two light armored reconnaissance battalions, one combat engineer battalion, one tank battalion, and one headquarters battalion—totalling more than 19,000 marines. (Within the headquarters battalion are one headquarters company, one service company, one <a href="/wiki/Military_police" title="Military police">military police</a> company, one communications company, and one truck company.) An equivalent elsewhere within the same marine expeditionary force (MEF) might be an MEF logistics group (MLG), which is not a regimental-sized unit (as the word "group" implies), but rather a large support unit consisting of several battalions of support personnel. Divisions are normally numbered, but can be named after a function or personage. </p><p>The command sizes for any given rank will vary widely. Not all units are as troop intensive as infantry forces need to be. <a href="/wiki/Tank" title="Tank">Tank</a> and <a href="/wiki/Artillery" title="Artillery">artillery</a> crews, for example, involve far fewer personnel. Numbers also differ for non-combat units such as <a href="/wiki/Quartermaster" title="Quartermaster">quartermasters</a>, cooks, and hospital staff. Beyond this, in any real situation, not all units will be at full strength and there will be various attachments and detachments of assorted specialists woven throughout the system. </p><p>In the U.S. Army, the level above division is a <a href="/wiki/Corps" title="Corps">corps</a>. It is commanded by a lieutenant general. In many armies, a corps numbers around 60,000, usually divided into three divisions. Corps (and similar organizations) are normally designated with Roman numerals and their nationality when operating in a combined (international) force—e.g., V (US) Corps, VIII (ROK) Corps, II MEF, I Canadian Corps. </p><p>During World War II, due to the large scale of combat, multiple corps were combined into <a href="/wiki/Field_army" title="Field army">field armies</a> commanded in theory by a general (four stars), but often by a lieutenant general (three stars), and comprising as many as 240,000 troops. Armies are numbered by spelled-out numerals or functional titles, using their nationality in "combined" forces (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Eighth_United_States_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Eighth United States Army">Eighth United States Army</a>, Third ROK Army, <a href="/wiki/British_Army_of_the_Rhine" title="British Army of the Rhine">British Army of the Rhine</a>). These were in their turn formed into <a href="/wiki/Army_group" title="Army group">army groups</a>, these being the largest field organization handled by a single commander in modern warfare. Army groups included between 400,000 and 1,500,000 troops. Army groups received Arabic numeral designations and national designations when combined- e.g. <a href="/wiki/21st_Army_Group" title="21st Army Group">21st Army Group</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military_ranks_and_insignia_of_various_nations">Military ranks and insignia of various nations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Military ranks and insignia of various nations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a more comprehensive list, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_comparative_military_ranks" title="List of comparative military ranks">List of comparative military ranks</a>.</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_comparative_military_ranks" title="List of comparative military ranks">List of comparative military ranks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_of_nobility_and_peerage" class="mw-redirect" title="Ranks of nobility and peerage">Ranks of nobility and peerage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_and_United_States_military_ranks_compared" class="mw-redirect" title="United Kingdom and United States military ranks compared">UK and US military ranks compared</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoulder_mark" title="Shoulder mark">Shoulder mark</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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Oxford University Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/rank">the original</a> on August 30, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionaries&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foxforddictionaries.com%2Fdefinition%2Fenglish%2Frank&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+rank" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCowper2000" class="citation journal cs1">Cowper, Thomas J. 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Washington, D.C.: <a href="/wiki/Federal_Research_Division" title="Federal Research Division">Federal Research Division</a>, <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0844407925" title="Special:BookSources/0844407925"><bdi>0844407925</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/29360048">29360048</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201103001713/https://www.loc.gov/item/93042885/">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-11-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-11-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Albania%3A+A+Country+Study&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Federal+Research+Division%2C+Library+of+Congress&rft.date=1994&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F29360048&rft.isbn=0844407925&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Fitem%2F93042885%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+rank" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRhodesAmelingTinnefeld2006" class="citation cs2">Rhodes, Peter J. (Durham); Ameling, Walter (Jena); Tinnefeld, Franz (Munich) (2006-10-01), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/strategos-e1123850">"Strategos"</a>, <i>Brill's New Pauly</i>, Brill, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220401224133/https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/strategos-e1123850">archived</a> from the original on 2022-04-01<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-04-01</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brill%27s+New+Pauly&rft.atitle=Strategos&rft.date=2006-10-01&rft.aulast=Rhodes&rft.aufirst=Peter+J.+%28Durham%29&rft.au=Ameling%2C+Walter+%28Jena%29&rft.au=Tinnefeld%2C+Franz+%28Munich%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freferenceworks.brillonline.com%2Fentries%2Fbrill-s-new-pauly%2Fstrategos-e1123850&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+rank" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/strategus">"Definition of STRATEGUS"</a>. <i>www.merriam-webster.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220529222614/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/strategus">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-05-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-05-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.merriam-webster.com&rft.atitle=Definition+of+STRATEGUS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fstrategus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+rank" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070602061210/http://www.roman-empire.net/army/career.html">"Army Career"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.roman-empire.net/army/career.html">the original</a> on 2007-06-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-09-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Army+Career&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.roman-empire.net%2Farmy%2Fcareer.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+rank" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tobchi'an-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tobchi'an_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFunknowntranslated_by_Urgunge_Ononrevised_by_Sue_Bradbury1993" class="citation book cs1">unknown; translated by Urgunge Onon; revised by Sue Bradbury (1993). "Chapter Nine: Chinggis Khan's military and civil administration". <i>Chinggis Khan: The Golden History of the Mongols</i> (hardback). London: The Folio Society. p. 116. <q>Within the units of a thousand men he [Chinggis Khan] appointed commanders over groups of a hundred, and within those over groups of ten. The main units he made part of larger contingents of ten thousand, appointing commanders to rule over them.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+Nine%3A+Chinggis+Khan%27s+military+and+civil+administration&rft.btitle=Chinggis+Khan%3A+The+Golden+History+of+the+Mongols&rft.place=London&rft.pages=116&rft.pub=The+Folio+Society&rft.date=1993&rft.au=unknown&rft.au=translated+by+Urgunge+Onon&rft.au=revised+by+Sue+Bradbury&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+rank" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5a7f664eed915d74e622a393/QRS_ch38.pdf">"RETIREMENT, RESIGNATION, TRANSFER TO THE RESERVE AND RELINQUISHMENT OF COMMISSION, ETC – OFFICERS"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>publishing.service.gov.uk</i>. UK Government<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=publishing.service.gov.uk&rft.atitle=RETIREMENT%2C+RESIGNATION%2C+TRANSFER+TO+THE+RESERVE+AND+RELINQUISHMENT+OF+COMMISSION%2C+ETC+%E2%80%93+OFFICERS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fassets.publishing.service.gov.uk%2Fmedia%2F5a7f664eed915d74e622a393%2FQRS_ch38.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+rank" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Classical_Dictionary" title="Oxford Classical Dictionary">Oxford Classical Dictionary</a></i>, 2nd edition, 1996: "strategoi."</li> <li>Warry, John Gibson (1980). <i>Warfare in the classical world: an illustrated encyclopedia of weapons, warriors, and warfare in the ancient civilisations of Greece and Rome</i>. New York, St. Martin's Press.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_rank&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120614154725/http://www.gruntsmilitary.com/">United States Military Rank Insignia, Background, & Description</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://s_van_dorst.tripod.com/Ancient_Warfare/Greece/greek_glossary.html">Glossary of Ancient Greek Military Terms</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.militaryranks.com/">US Military Ranks, Ratings, and Grades by Branch (with insignia)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.friesian.com/rank.htm">Military rank</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.military-quotes.com/military-rank.htm">US Military ranks and rank insignia</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.army.mod.uk/structure/32321.aspx">British Army ranks and responsibilities</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.military-ranks.org/">Military ranks</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Military_ranks_and_insignia_by_country" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Military_ranks_by_country" title="Template:Military ranks by country"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Military_ranks_by_country" title="Template talk:Military ranks by country"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Military_ranks_by_country" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Military ranks by country"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Military_ranks_and_insignia_by_country" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Military ranks</a> and insignia by country</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_comparative_military_ranks" title="List of comparative military ranks">List of comparative military ranks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Algeria" title="Military ranks of Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Angola" title="Military ranks of Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Benin" title="Military ranks of Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Botswana" title="Military ranks of Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Burkina_Faso" title="Military ranks of Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Burundi" title="Military ranks of Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Cameroon" title="Military ranks of Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Cape_Verde" title="Military ranks of Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Central_African_Republic" title="Military ranks of Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Chad" title="Military ranks of Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Comoros" class="mw-redirect" title="Military ranks of Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Military ranks of the Democratic Republic of the Congo">DR Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Military ranks of Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Djibouti" title="Military ranks of Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Egypt" title="Military ranks of Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Equatorial_Guinea" title="Military ranks of Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Eritrea" title="Military ranks of Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umbutfo_Eswatini_Defence_Force#Ranks" title="Umbutfo Eswatini Defence Force">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Ethiopia" title="Military ranks of Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_Gabon" title="Military ranks of the Armed Forces of Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Gambia" title="Military ranks of the Gambia">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Ghana" title="Military ranks of Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Guinea" title="Military ranks of Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Guinea-Bissau" title="Military ranks of Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Ivory_Coast" title="Military ranks of Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Kenya" title="Military ranks of Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Lesotho" title="Military ranks of Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Liberia" title="Military ranks of Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Libya" title="Military ranks of Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Madagascar" title="Military ranks of Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Malawi" title="Military ranks of Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Mali" title="Military ranks of Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Mauritania" title="Military ranks of Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Royal_Moroccan_Armed_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Military ranks of the Royal Moroccan Armed Forces">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Mozambique" title="Military ranks of Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Namibia" title="Military ranks of Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Niger" title="Military ranks of Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Nigeria" title="Military ranks of Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Rwanda" title="Military ranks of Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="Military ranks of São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Senegal" title="Military ranks of Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Seychelles" title="Military ranks of Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Sierra_Leone" title="Military ranks of Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Somalia" title="Military ranks of Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_military_ranks" title="South African military ranks">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_South_Sudan" title="Military ranks of South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Sudan" title="Military ranks of Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Tanzania" title="Military ranks of Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Togo" title="Military ranks of Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Tunisia" title="Military ranks of Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rank_insignia_of_the_Ugandan_People%27s_Defense_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Rank insignia of the Ugandan People's Defense Force">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Zambia" title="Military ranks of Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Zimbabwe" title="Military ranks of Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with<br />limited recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_ranks_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military ranks of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (page does not exist)">Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Somaliland" title="Military ranks of Somaliland">Somaliland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Angola#Historical_rank_insignia_(1975–1992)" title="Military ranks of Angola">People's Republic of Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Biafra" title="Military ranks of Biafra">Biafra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bophuthatswana_Defence_Force#Ranks" title="Bophuthatswana Defence Force">Bophuthatswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciskei_Defence_Force#Ranks" title="Ciskei Defence Force">Ciskei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="Military ranks of the Kingdom of Egypt">Kingdom of Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_ranks_of_the_Ethiopian_Empire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military ranks of the Ethiopian Empire (page does not exist)">Ethiopian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_ranks_of_Katanga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military ranks of Katanga (page does not exist)">Katanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Mozambique#Historical_rank_insignia_(1975-1994)" title="Military ranks of Mozambique">People's Republic of Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Rhodesia" title="Military ranks of Rhodesia">Rhodesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_West_Africa_Territorial_Force#Ranks" title="South West Africa Territorial Force">South West Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transkei_Defence_Force#Ranks" title="Transkei Defence Force">Transkei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venda_Defence_Force#Ranks" title="Venda Defence Force">Venda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Zaire" title="Military ranks of Zaire">Zaire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Comparative</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Army <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_army_officer_ranks_of_Africa" title="Comparative army officer ranks of Africa">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_army_enlisted_ranks_of_Africa" title="Comparative army enlisted ranks of Africa">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Navy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_navy_officer_ranks_of_Africa" title="Comparative navy officer ranks of Africa">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_navy_enlisted_ranks_of_Africa" title="Comparative navy enlisted ranks of Africa">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Air force <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_air_force_officer_ranks_of_Africa" title="Comparative air force officer ranks of Africa">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_air_force_enlisted_ranks_of_Africa" title="Comparative air force enlisted ranks of Africa">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_military_ranks_of_apartheid_states_in_southern_Africa" title="Comparative military ranks of apartheid states in southern Africa">Apartheid States in Southern Africa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Military ranks of Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Argentina" title="Military ranks of Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Bahamas" title="Military ranks of Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Barbados" title="Military ranks of Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Belize" title="Military ranks of Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Bolivia" title="Military ranks of Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Brazil" title="Military ranks of Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Armed_Forces_ranks_and_insignia" title="Canadian Armed Forces ranks and insignia">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_and_insignia_of_Chile" title="Military ranks and insignia of Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Colombian_Armed_Forces" title="Military ranks of the Colombian Armed Forces">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_of_the_Cuban_Revolutionary_Armed_Forces" title="Ranks of the Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Dominican_Republic" title="Military ranks of the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Ecuador" title="Military ranks of Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_El_Salvador" title="Military ranks of El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Guatemala" title="Military ranks of Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Guyana" title="Military ranks of Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Haiti" title="Military ranks of Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Honduras" title="Military ranks of Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Jamaica" title="Military ranks of Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Mexico" title="Military ranks of Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicaragua_military_ranks" title="Nicaragua military ranks">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Paraguay" title="Military ranks of Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Peru" title="Military ranks of Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Military ranks of Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriname_National_Army#Army_Ranks" title="Suriname National Army">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Military ranks of Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li>United States <ul><li><i>Officers:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_officer_rank_insignia" title="United States Army officer rank insignia">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy_officer_rank_insignia" title="United States Navy officer rank insignia">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_officer_rank_insignia" title="United States Air Force officer rank insignia">Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_officer_rank_insignia" title="United States Coast Guard officer rank insignia">Coast Guard</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Enlisted:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_enlisted_rank_insignia" title="United States Army enlisted rank insignia">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Navy_enlisted_rates" title="List of United States Navy enlisted rates">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_enlisted_rank_insignia" title="United States Air Force enlisted rank insignia">Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Coast_Guard_enlisted_ranks" title="List of United States Coast Guard enlisted ranks">Coast Guard</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Other:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_rank_insignia" title="United States Marine Corps rank insignia">Marine Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Space_Force_rank_insignia" title="United States Space Force rank insignia">Space Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warrant_officer_(United_States)" title="Warrant officer (United States)">Warrant officer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposing_force#Ranks" title="Opposing force">Opposing forces</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_Uruguay" title="Ranks of the Armed Forces of Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_military_ranks" title="Venezuelan military ranks">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Former_ranks_of_the_Canadian_Armed_Forces" title="Former ranks of the Canadian Armed Forces">Canada (pre-Unification)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_and_insignia_of_the_Confederate_States" title="Ranks and insignia of the Confederate States">Confederate States of America</a></li> <li>Union <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uniforms_of_the_Union_Army#Ranks_and_insignia" class="mw-redirect" title="Uniforms of the Union Army">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Navy#Ranks_and_rank_insignia" title="Union Navy">Navy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_ranks_of_Costa_Rica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military ranks of Costa Rica (page does not exist)">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Empire_of_Brazil" title="Military ranks of the Empire of Brazil">Empire of Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Panama#Historic_ranks" title="Military ranks of Panama">Panama</a></li> <li>Republic of Texas <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_the_Republic_of_Texas#Personnel" title="Army of the Republic of Texas">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Navy#Insignia" title="Texas Navy">Navy</a></li></ul></li> <li>United States Army enlisted <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_enlisted_rank_insignia_of_World_War_I" title="United States Army enlisted rank insignia of World War I">World War I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_enlisted_rank_insignia_of_World_War_II" title="United States Army enlisted rank insignia of World War II">World War II</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Comparative</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Army <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_army_officer_ranks_of_the_Americas" title="Comparative army officer ranks of the Americas">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_army_enlisted_ranks_of_the_Americas" title="Comparative army enlisted ranks of the Americas">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Navy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_navy_officer_ranks_of_the_Americas" title="Comparative navy officer ranks of the Americas">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_navy_enlisted_ranks_of_the_Americas" title="Comparative navy enlisted ranks of the Americas">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Air force <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_air_force_officer_ranks_of_the_Americas" title="Comparative air force officer ranks of the Americas">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_air_force_enlisted_ranks_of_the_Americas" title="Comparative air force enlisted ranks of the Americas">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Afghanistan" title="Military ranks of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Bahrain" title="Military ranks of Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Bangladesh" title="Military ranks of Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Bhutan" title="Military ranks of Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Royal_Brunei_Armed_Forces" title="Military ranks of the Royal Brunei Armed Forces">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Royal_Cambodian_Armed_Forces" title="Military ranks of the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces">Cambodia</a></li> <li>PR of China <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force" title="Ranks of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy" title="Ranks of the People's Liberation Army Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Air_Force" title="Ranks of the People's Liberation Army Air Force">Air Force</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_East_Timor" title="Military ranks of East Timor">East Timor</a></li> <li>India <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Army_ranks_and_insignia" title="Indian Army ranks and insignia">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Air_Force_ranks_and_insignia" title="Indian Air Force ranks and insignia">Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Navy_ranks_and_insignia" title="Indian Navy ranks and insignia">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Coast_Guard#Rank_insignia" title="Indian Coast Guard">Coast Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Border_Roads_Organisation#Ranks" title="Border Roads Organisation">Border Roads Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramilitary_forces_of_India#Ranks_and_insignia" title="Paramilitary forces of India">Paramilitary forces</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_military_ranks" title="Indonesian military ranks">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Iran" title="Military ranks of Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Iraq" title="Military ranks of Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Defense_Forces_ranks" title="Israel Defense Forces ranks">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_and_insignia_of_the_Japan_Self-Defense_Forces" title="Ranks and insignia of the Japan Self-Defense Forces">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Jordan" title="Military ranks of Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Kazakhstan" title="Military ranks of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_military_ranks_of_Korea" title="Comparative military ranks of Korea">Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_North_Korea" title="Military ranks of North Korea">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_South_Korea" title="Military ranks of South Korea">South</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Kuwait" title="Military ranks of Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Kyrgyzstan" title="Military ranks of Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Lao_People%27s_Armed_Forces" title="Military ranks of the Lao People's Armed Forces">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Lebanon" title="Military ranks of Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_military_ranks" title="Malaysian military ranks">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Maldives" title="Military ranks of Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_military_ranks" title="Mongolian military ranks">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Myanmar" title="Military ranks of Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Nepal" title="Military ranks of Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Oman" title="Military ranks of Oman">Oman</a></li> <li>Pakistan <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Army_ranks_and_insignia" title="Pakistan Army ranks and insignia">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Navy_ranks_and_insignia" title="Pakistan Navy ranks and insignia">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Air_Force_ranks_and_insignia" title="Pakistan Air Force ranks and insignia">Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Marines#Commissioned_officers_and_Enlisted_rank" title="Pakistan Marines">Marines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Armed_Forces#Ranks" title="Civil Armed Forces">Civil Armed Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Maritime_Security_Agency#Commissioned_officers_and_enlisted_rank" title="Pakistan Maritime Security Agency">Maritime Security Agency</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Philippines" title="Military ranks of the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Qatar" title="Military ranks of Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Military ranks of Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore_Armed_Forces_ranks" title="Singapore Armed Forces ranks">Singapore</a></li> <li>Sri Lanka <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Army_ranks_and_insignia" title="Sri Lanka Army ranks and insignia">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Navy_ranks_and_insignia" title="Sri Lanka Navy ranks and insignia">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Air_Force_ranks_and_insignia" title="Sri Lanka Air Force ranks and insignia">Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Coast_Guard#Rank_structure" title="Sri Lanka Coast Guard">Coast Guard</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Syria" title="Military ranks of Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Tajikistan" title="Military ranks of Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Thai_armed_forces" title="Military ranks of the Thai armed forces">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Turkmenistan" title="Military ranks of Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Military ranks of United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Uzbekistan" title="Military ranks of Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_military_ranks_and_insignia" title="Vietnamese military ranks and insignia">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Yemen" title="Military ranks of Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with<br />limited recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_ranks_of_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military ranks of Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_ranks_of_Artsakh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military ranks of Artsakh (page does not exist)">Artsakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_State_of_Palestine" title="Military ranks of the State of Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_ranks_of_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military ranks of South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_Armed_Forces_rank_insignia" title="Republic of China Armed Forces rank insignia">Taiwan <span style="font-size:85%;">(Republic of China)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>China <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Imperial_China" title="Military ranks of Imperial China">Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Military ranks of the Republic of China (1912–1949)">Republic (1912–1949)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Netherlands_East_Indies_Army#Ranks" title="Royal Netherlands East Indies Army">Dutch East Indies</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_ranks_of_East_Turkestan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military ranks of East Turkestan (page does not exist)">East Turkestan</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Ili_National_Army#Ranks" class="mw-redirect" title="Ili National Army">Second Republic</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_Kampuchea" title="Military ranks of the People's Republic of Kampuchea">People's Republic of Kampuchea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Imperial_Iran" title="Military ranks of Imperial Iran">Imperial Iran</a></li> <li>Imperial Japan <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_of_the_Imperial_Japanese_Army" title="Ranks of the Imperial Japanese Army">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_of_the_Imperial_Japanese_Navy" title="Ranks of the Imperial Japanese Navy">Navy</a></li></ul></li> <li>Korea <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Korean_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Military ranks of the Korean Empire">Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Liberation_Army#Army_ranks" title="Korean Liberation Army">Liberation Army</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Royal_Lao_Armed_Forces" title="Military ranks of the Royal Lao Armed Forces">Kingdom of Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Manchukuo" title="Military ranks of Manchukuo">Manchukuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolian_Army#Ranks" title="Inner Mongolian Army">Mengjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Mongolian_People%27s_Republic" title="Military ranks of the Mongolian People's Republic">Mongolian People's Republic</a></li> <li>Vietnam <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_ranks_of_the_State_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military ranks of the State of Vietnam (page does not exist)">State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Vietnamese_military_ranks_and_insignia" title="South Vietnamese military ranks and insignia">South</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_South_Yemen" title="Military ranks of South Yemen">South Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_ranks_of_Tibet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military ranks of Tibet (page does not exist)">Tibet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuvan_People%27s_Revolutionary_Army#Ranks" title="Tuvan People's Revolutionary Army">Tuva</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Comparative</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Army <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_army_officer_ranks_of_Asia" title="Comparative army officer ranks of Asia">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_army_enlisted_ranks_of_Asia" title="Comparative army enlisted ranks of Asia">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Navy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_navy_officer_ranks_of_Asia" title="Comparative navy officer ranks of Asia">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_navy_enlisted_ranks_of_Asia" title="Comparative navy enlisted ranks of Asia">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Air force <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_air_force_officer_ranks_of_Asia" title="Comparative air force officer ranks of Asia">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_air_force_enlisted_ranks_of_Asia" title="Comparative air force enlisted ranks of Asia">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Albania" title="Military ranks of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Armenia" title="Military ranks of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Austria" title="Military ranks of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Azerbaijan" title="Military ranks of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Belarus" title="Military ranks of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_military_ranks" title="Belgian military ranks">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_and_insignia_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Military ranks and insignia of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Bulgaria" title="Military ranks of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_military_ranks" title="Croatian military ranks">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus_military_ranks" title="Cyprus military ranks">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_military_ranks" title="Czech military ranks">Czech Republic</a></li> <li>Denmark <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_and_insignia_of_Royal_Danish_Army" title="Ranks and insignia of Royal Danish Army">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_and_insignia_of_Royal_Danish_Navy" title="Ranks and insignia of Royal Danish Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_and_insignia_of_Royal_Danish_Air_Force" title="Ranks and insignia of Royal Danish Air Force">Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_and_insignia_of_Home_Guard_(Denmark)" title="Ranks and insignia of Home Guard (Denmark)">Home Guard</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Estonia" title="Military ranks of Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_military_ranks" title="Finnish military ranks">Finland</a></li> <li>France <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_in_the_French_Army" title="Ranks in the French Army">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_in_the_French_Navy" title="Ranks in the French Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Gendarmerie#Ranks" title="National Gendarmerie">Gendarmerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_in_the_French_Air_and_Space_Force" title="Ranks in the French Air and Space Force">Air and Space Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Forests_Office_(France)" title="National Forests Office (France)">Foresters</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rank_insignia_of_the_German_Bundeswehr" class="mw-redirect" title="Rank insignia of the German Bundeswehr">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_military_ranks" title="Georgian military ranks">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_military_ranks" title="Greek military ranks">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Hungary" title="Military ranks of Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li>Iceland <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iceland_Crisis_Response_Unit#Ranks_of_the_Icelandic_Crisis_Response_Unit" title="Iceland Crisis Response Unit">Land Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_Coast_Guard#Ranks" title="Icelandic Coast Guard">Coast Guard</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Defence_Forces_rank_insignia" title="Irish Defence Forces rank insignia">Ireland</a></li> <li>Italy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Army_ranks" title="Italian Army ranks">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Navy_ranks" title="Italian Navy ranks">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Air_Force_ranks" title="Italian Air Force ranks">Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rank_insignia_of_the_Carabinieri" title="Rank insignia of the Carabinieri">Carabinieri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rank_insignia_of_the_Guardia_di_Finanza" title="Rank insignia of the Guardia di Finanza">Finance Guard</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Latvia" title="Military ranks of Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_military_ranks_and_insignia" title="Lithuanian military ranks and insignia">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Luxembourg" title="Military ranks of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_North_Macedonia" title="Military ranks of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Malta" title="Military ranks of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_Moldova" title="Ranks of the Armed Forces of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_of_Monaco#Rank_and_insignia" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Montenegro" title="Military ranks of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Netherlands_armed_forces" title="Military ranks of the Netherlands armed forces">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_and_insignia_of_Norway" title="Military ranks and insignia of Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Armed_Forces_rank_insignia" title="Polish Armed Forces rank insignia">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Portugal" title="Military ranks of Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Armed_Forces_ranks_and_insignia" title="Romanian Armed Forces ranks and insignia">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Russian_military_ranks" title="History of Russian military ranks">Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Army_ranks_and_insignia_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Army ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_ranks_and_insignia_of_the_Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aerospace_Forces_ranks_and_insignia_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Aerospace Forces ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation">Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Registered_Cossacks_of_the_Russian_Federation#Cossack_ranks_and_insignia" title="Registered Cossacks of the Russian Federation">Cossacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_and_insignia_of_the_Russian_Federation%27s_armed_forces_1994%E2%80%932010" class="mw-redirect" title="Ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation's armed forces 1994–2010">Between 1994 and 2010</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_San_Marino" title="Military ranks of San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Serbia" title="Military ranks of Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Slovakia" title="Military ranks of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_military_ranks" title="Slovenian military ranks">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Spain" title="Military ranks of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Swedish_Armed_Forces" title="Military ranks of the Swedish Armed Forces">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Switzerland" title="Military ranks of Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Turkey" title="Military ranks of Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Ukraine" title="Military ranks of Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li>United Kingdom <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Army_officer_rank_insignia" title="British Army officer rank insignia">Army officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Army_other_ranks_rank_insignia" title="British Army other ranks rank insignia">Army other ranks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy_officer_rank_insignia" title="Royal Navy officer rank insignia">Navy officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy_other_rank_insignia" title="Royal Navy other rank insignia">Navy ratings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_officer_ranks" title="RAF officer ranks">Air Force officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_other_ranks" title="RAF other ranks">Air Force other ranks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Swiss_Guard#Ranks_and_insignia" class="mw-redirect" title="Pontifical Swiss Guard">Vatican</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with<br />limited recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Kosovo" title="Military ranks of Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_Forces_Command#Military_ranks_of_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Security Forces Command">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_ranks_of_Transnistria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military ranks of Transnistria (page does not exist)">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Albania <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Albanian_Kingdom" title="Military ranks of the Albanian Kingdom">Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_People%27s_Socialist_Republic_of_Albania" title="Military ranks of the People's Socialist Republic of Albania">People's Socialist Republic</a></li></ul></li> <li>Austria–Hungary <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rank_insignia_of_the_Austro-Hungarian_Army" title="Rank insignia of the Austro-Hungarian Army">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_in_the_Austro-Hungarian_Navy" title="Ranks in the Austro-Hungarian Navy">Navy</a></li></ul></li> <li>Bulgaria <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Kingdom_of_Bulgaria" title="Military ranks of the Kingdom of Bulgaria">Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Bulgarian_People%27s_Army" title="Military ranks of the Bulgarian People's Army">People's Republic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Independent_State_of_Croatia" title="Military ranks of the Independent State of Croatia">Independent State of Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_of_the_Czechoslovak_Armed_Forces" title="Ranks of the Czechoslovak Armed Forces">Czechoslovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_German_Empire" title="Military ranks of the German Empire">German Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Weimar_Republic" title="Military ranks of the Weimar Republic">Weimar Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_ranks_of_Nazi_Germany" title="Comparative ranks of Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_and_insignia_of_the_German_Army_(1935%E2%80%931945)" title="Ranks and insignia of the German Army (1935–1945)">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniforms_and_insignia_of_the_Kriegsmarine" title="Uniforms and insignia of the Kriegsmarine">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_and_insignia_of_the_Luftwaffe_(1935%E2%80%931945)" title="Ranks and insignia of the Luftwaffe (1935–1945)">Air Force</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_East_Germany" title="Military ranks of East Germany">East Germany</a></li> <li>Kingdom of Greece <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece_Army_Ranks" title="Kingdom of Greece Army Ranks">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Hellenic_Navy_rank_insignia" title="Royal Hellenic Navy rank insignia">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Hellenic_Air_Force_ranks" title="Royal Hellenic Air Force ranks">Air Force</a></li></ul></li> <li>France <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_of_the_French_Imperial_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Ranks of the French Imperial Army">Napoleonic Grand Army</a></li></ul></li> <li>Hungary <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Kingdom_of_Hungary" title="Military ranks of the Kingdom of Hungary">Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_of_the_Hungarian_People%27s_Army" title="Ranks of the Hungarian People's Army">People's Republic</a></li></ul></li> <li>Italy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Military ranks of the Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Italian_Social_Republic" title="Military ranks of the Italian Social Republic">Social Republic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Military ranks of the Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Polish_People%27s_Republic" title="Military ranks of the Polish People's Republic">Polish People's Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Republika_Srpska" title="Military ranks of Republika Srpska">Republika Srpska</a></li> <li>Romania <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Kingdom_of_Romania" title="Military ranks of the Kingdom of Romania">Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Socialist_Republic_of_Romania" title="Military ranks of the Socialist Republic of Romania">Socialist Republic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_and_insignia_of_the_Imperial_Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Ranks and insignia of the Imperial Russian Armed Forces">Russian Empire</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_and_insignia_of_the_White_Movement" title="Ranks and insignia of the White Movement">White Movement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Slovakia_(1939%E2%80%931945)" title="Military ranks of Slovakia (1939–1945)">Slovakia (First Republic)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Military ranks of the Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1918%E2%80%931935)" class="mw-redirect" title="Military ranks of the Soviet Union (1918–1935)">1918–35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1935%E2%80%931940)" title="Military ranks of the Soviet Union (1935–1940)">1935–40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1940%E2%80%931943)" title="Military ranks of the Soviet Union (1940–1943)">1940–43</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1943%E2%80%931955)" title="Military ranks of the Soviet Union (1943–1955)">1943–55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1955%E2%80%931991)" title="Military ranks of the Soviet Union (1955–1991)">1955–91</a></li></ul></li> <li>Spain <ul><li>2nd Republic <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Republican_Army#Ranks" title="Spanish Republican Army">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Republican_Navy#Ranks" title="Spanish Republican Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Republican_Air_Force#Ranks" title="Spanish Republican Air Force">Air Force</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_ranks_of_the_Spanish_State&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military ranks of the Spanish State (page does not exist)">State</a></li></ul></li> <li>Yugoslavia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Military ranks of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Socialist_Yugoslavia" title="Military ranks of Socialist Yugoslavia">Socialist Federal Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro" title="Military ranks of Serbia and Montenegro">Federal Republic</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Comparative</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Army <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_army_officer_ranks_of_Europe" title="Comparative army officer ranks of Europe">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_army_enlisted_ranks_of_Europe" title="Comparative army enlisted ranks of Europe">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Navy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_navy_officer_ranks_of_Europe" title="Comparative navy officer ranks of Europe">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_navy_enlisted_ranks_of_Europe" title="Comparative navy enlisted ranks of Europe">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Air force <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_air_force_officer_ranks_of_Europe" title="Comparative air force officer ranks of Europe">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_air_force_enlisted_ranks_of_Europe" title="Comparative air force enlisted ranks of Europe">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Defence_Force_ranks" title="Australian Defence Force ranks">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_of_the_Republic_of_Fiji_Military_Forces" title="Ranks of the Republic of Fiji Military Forces">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_military_ranks" title="New Zealand military ranks">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea_Defence_Force_ranks" title="Papua New Guinea Defence Force ranks">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Tonga" title="Military ranks of Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_Vanuatu" title="Military ranks of Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Comparative</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Army <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_army_officer_ranks_of_Oceania" title="Comparative army officer ranks of Oceania">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_army_enlisted_ranks_of_Oceania" title="Comparative army enlisted ranks of Oceania">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Navy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_navy_officer_ranks_of_Oceania" title="Comparative navy officer ranks of Oceania">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_navy_enlisted_ranks_of_Oceania" title="Comparative navy enlisted ranks of Oceania">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Air force <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_air_force_officer_ranks_of_Oceania" title="Comparative air force officer ranks of Oceania">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_air_force_enlisted_ranks_of_Oceania" title="Comparative air force enlisted ranks of Oceania">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Language</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Anglophone</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Army <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_army_officer_ranks_of_Anglophone_countries" title="Comparative army officer ranks of Anglophone countries">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_army_enlisted_ranks_of_Anglophone_countries" title="Comparative army enlisted ranks of Anglophone countries">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Navy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_navy_officer_ranks_of_Anglophone_countries" title="Comparative navy officer ranks of Anglophone countries">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_navy_enlisted_ranks_of_Anglophone_countries" title="Comparative navy enlisted ranks of Anglophone countries">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Air force <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_air_force_officer_ranks_of_Anglophone_countries" title="Comparative air force officer ranks of Anglophone countries">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_air_force_enlisted_ranks_of_Anglophone_countries" title="Comparative air force enlisted ranks of Anglophone countries">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Arabophone</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Army <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_army_officer_ranks_of_Arabophone_countries" title="Comparative army officer ranks of Arabophone countries">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_army_enlisted_ranks_of_Arabophone_countries" title="Comparative army enlisted ranks of Arabophone countries">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Navy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_navy_officer_ranks_of_Arabophone_countries" title="Comparative navy officer ranks of Arabophone countries">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_navy_enlisted_ranks_of_Arabophone_countries" title="Comparative navy enlisted ranks of Arabophone countries">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Air force <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_air_force_officer_ranks_of_Arabophone_countries" title="Comparative air force officer ranks of Arabophone countries">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_air_force_enlisted_ranks_of_Arabophone_countries" title="Comparative air force enlisted ranks of Arabophone countries">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Francophone</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Army <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_army_officer_ranks_of_Francophone_countries" title="Comparative army officer ranks of Francophone countries">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_army_enlisted_ranks_of_Francophone_countries" title="Comparative army enlisted ranks of Francophone countries">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Navy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_navy_officer_ranks_of_Francophone_countries" title="Comparative navy officer ranks of Francophone countries">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_navy_enlisted_ranks_of_Francophone_countries" title="Comparative navy enlisted ranks of Francophone countries">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Air force <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_air_force_officer_ranks_of_Francophone_countries" title="Comparative air force officer ranks of Francophone countries">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_air_force_enlisted_ranks_of_Francophone_countries" title="Comparative air force enlisted ranks of Francophone countries">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hispanophone</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Army <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_army_officer_ranks_of_Hispanophone_countries" title="Comparative army officer ranks of Hispanophone countries">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_army_enlisted_ranks_of_Hispanophone_countries" title="Comparative army enlisted ranks of Hispanophone countries">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Navy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_navy_officer_ranks_of_Hispanophone_countries" title="Comparative navy officer ranks of Hispanophone countries">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_navy_enlisted_ranks_of_Hispanophone_countries" title="Comparative navy enlisted ranks of Hispanophone countries">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Air force <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_air_force_officer_ranks_of_Hispanophone_countries" title="Comparative air force officer ranks of Hispanophone countries">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_air_force_enlisted_ranks_of_Hispanophone_countries" title="Comparative air force enlisted ranks of Hispanophone countries">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lusophone</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Army <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_army_officer_ranks_of_Lusophone_countries" title="Comparative army officer ranks of Lusophone countries">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_army_enlisted_ranks_of_Lusophone_countries" title="Comparative army enlisted ranks of Lusophone countries">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Navy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_navy_officer_ranks_of_Lusophone_countries" title="Comparative navy officer ranks of Lusophone countries">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_navy_enlisted_ranks_of_Lusophone_countries" title="Comparative navy enlisted ranks of Lusophone countries">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Air force <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_air_force_officer_ranks_of_Lusophone_countries" title="Comparative air force officer ranks of Lusophone countries">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_air_force_enlisted_ranks_of_Lusophone_countries" title="Comparative air force enlisted ranks of Lusophone countries">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Military police <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_military_police_officer_ranks_of_Lusophone_countries" title="Comparative military police officer ranks of Lusophone countries">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_military_police_enlisted_ranks_of_Lusophone_countries" title="Comparative military police enlisted ranks of Lusophone countries">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Post-Soviet states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Army <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_army_officer_ranks_of_Post-Soviet_states" title="Comparative army officer ranks of Post-Soviet states">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_army_enlisted_ranks_of_Post-Soviet_states" title="Comparative army enlisted ranks of Post-Soviet states">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Navy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_navy_officer_ranks_of_Post-Soviet_states" title="Comparative navy officer ranks of Post-Soviet states">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_navy_enlisted_ranks_of_Post-Soviet_states" title="Comparative navy enlisted ranks of Post-Soviet states">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Air force <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_air_force_officer_ranks_of_Post-Soviet_states" title="Comparative air force officer ranks of Post-Soviet states">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_air_force_enlisted_ranks_of_Post-Soviet_states" title="Comparative air force enlisted ranks of Post-Soviet states">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Commonwealth of Nations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Army <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_army_officer_ranks_of_the_Commonwealth" title="Comparative army officer ranks of the Commonwealth">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_army_enlisted_ranks_of_the_Commonwealth" title="Comparative army enlisted ranks of the Commonwealth">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Navy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_navy_officer_ranks_of_the_Commonwealth" title="Comparative navy officer ranks of the Commonwealth">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_navy_enlisted_ranks_of_the_Commonwealth" title="Comparative navy enlisted ranks of the Commonwealth">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Air force <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_air_force_officer_ranks_of_the_Commonwealth" title="Comparative air force officer ranks of the Commonwealth">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_air_force_enlisted_ranks_of_the_Commonwealth" title="Comparative air force enlisted ranks of the Commonwealth">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">European Union</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Army <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_army_officer_ranks_of_the_European_Union" title="Comparative army officer ranks of the European Union">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_army_enlisted_ranks_of_the_European_Union" title="Comparative army enlisted ranks of the European Union">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Navy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_navy_officer_ranks_of_the_European_Union" title="Comparative navy officer ranks of the European Union">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_navy_enlisted_ranks_of_the_European_Union" title="Comparative navy enlisted ranks of the European Union">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Air force <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_air_force_officer_ranks_of_the_European_Union" title="Comparative air force officer ranks of the European Union">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_air_force_enlisted_ranks_of_the_European_Union" title="Comparative air force enlisted ranks of the European Union">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">NATO</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Army <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_and_insignia_of_NATO_armies_officers" title="Ranks and insignia of NATO armies officers">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_and_insignia_of_NATO_armies_enlisted" title="Ranks and insignia of NATO armies enlisted">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Navy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_and_insignia_of_NATO_navies%27_officers" title="Ranks and insignia of NATO navies' officers">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_and_insignia_of_NATO_navies_enlisted" title="Ranks and insignia of NATO navies enlisted">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li>Air Force <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_and_insignia_of_NATO_air_forces_officers" title="Ranks and insignia of NATO air forces officers">Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_and_insignia_of_NATO_air_forces_enlisted" title="Ranks and insignia of NATO air forces enlisted">Enlisted</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Comparative ranks of <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Highest_military_ranks" title="Highest military ranks">Highest ranks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_star_ranking" title="Military star ranking">Star ranking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_officer_ranks_of_World_War_I" title="Comparative officer ranks of World War I">Officers of World War I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_officer_ranks_of_World_War_II" title="Comparative officer ranks of World War II">Officers of World War II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_women%27s_services_in_WWII" title="Military ranks of women's services in WWII">Women's Services in World War II</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_and_insignia_of_marine_forces" title="Ranks and insignia of marine forces">Marine forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_and_insignia_of_space_forces" title="Ranks and insignia of space forces">Space forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gendarmeries#Ranks" title="List of gendarmeries">Gendarmeries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_United_Kingdom_and_United_States_military_ranks" title="Comparison of United Kingdom and United States military ranks">UK and US</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Military_and_war" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Military_and_war" title="Template:Military and war"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Military_and_war" title="Template talk:Military and war"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Military_and_war" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Military and war"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Military_and_war" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Military" title="Military">Military</a> and <a href="/wiki/War" title="War">war</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military" title="Military">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_service" title="Military service">Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history" title="Military history">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_military_technology" title="History of military technology">Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_specialism" title="Military specialism">Occupational roles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_recruitment" title="Military recruitment">Recruitment</a></li> <li><i>Roles:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soldier" title="Soldier">Soldier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sailor" title="Sailor">Sailor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airman" title="Airman">Airman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enlisted_rank" title="Enlisted rank">Enlisted rank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Officer_(armed_forces)" title="Officer (armed forces)">Officer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commanding_officer" title="Commanding officer">Commanding officer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_officer" title="Executive officer">Executive officer</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Protocols and structure:</i></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ranks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_comparative_military_ranks" title="List of comparative military ranks">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_uniform" title="Military uniform">Uniforms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_awards_and_decorations" title="Military awards and decorations">Awards and decorations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_decorations" title="List of military decorations">By country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highest_military_decorations" class="mw-redirect" title="List of highest military decorations">Highest</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Categories:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_ranks" title="Category:Military ranks">Ranks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Forces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Command_and_control" title="Command and control">Command and control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_defence" title="Ministry of defence">Defense ministry</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Military" title="Military">Armed Forces</a>:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army" title="Army">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navy" title="Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_force" title="Air force">Air force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marines" title="Marines">Marines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_force" title="Space force">Space force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_forces" title="Special forces">Special forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airborne_forces" title="Airborne forces">Airborne forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commando" title="Commando">Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frogman" title="Frogman">Frogman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Militia" title="Militia">Militia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_reserve_force" title="Military reserve force">Reserves</a></li> <li><i>Functional specialties:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_communications" title="Military communications">Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_engineer" title="Combat engineer">Engineers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_intelligence" title="Military intelligence">Intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance" title="Reconnaissance">Reconnaissance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_reconnaissance_units" title="List of reconnaissance units">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_corps" title="Medical corps">Medical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_police" title="Military police">Military police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gendarmerie" title="Gendarmerie">Gendarmerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_forces" title="Security forces">Security forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Border_guard" title="Border guard">Border guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coast_guard" title="Coast guard">Coast guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_logistics" title="Military logistics">Logistics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_logistics_units_and_formations" title="Category:Military logistics units and formations">By country</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Categories:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Combat_occupations" title="Category:Combat occupations">Combat occupations</a></li> <li><i>Development:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_recruit_training" title="Military recruit training">Basic training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_exercise" title="Military exercise">Military maneuvers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat" title="Combat">Combat training</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Military_branch" title="Military branch">Branches</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Land units:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_arms" title="Combat arms">Combat arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infantry" title="Infantry">Infantry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armoured_fighting_vehicle" title="Armoured fighting vehicle">Armor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cavalry" title="Cavalry">Cavalry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artillery" title="Artillery">Artillery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_reconnaissance" title="Special reconnaissance">Special reconnaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Signal_corps" title="Signal corps">Signal corps</a></li> <li><i>Naval units:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warship" title="Warship">Warships</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Surface_combatant" title="Surface combatant">Surface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Littoral_combat_ship" title="Littoral combat ship">Littoral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrol_boat" title="Patrol boat">Patrol</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine" title="Submarine">Submarines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_carrier" title="Aircraft carrier">Aircraft carriers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landing_craft" title="Landing craft">Landing craft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auxiliary_ship" title="Auxiliary ship">Auxiliary ship</a></li> <li><i>Air units:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fighter_aircraft" title="Fighter aircraft">Fighters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bomber" title="Bomber">Bombers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airborne_early_warning_and_control" title="Airborne early warning and control">Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Close_air_support" title="Close air support">Close air support</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic-warfare_aircraft" title="Electronic-warfare aircraft">Electronic-warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance_aircraft" title="Reconnaissance aircraft">Reconnaissance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Structure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_organization" title="Military organization">Organization</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Structure_of_contemporary_armed_forces" title="Category:Structure of contemporary armed forces">By country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Structure_of_contemporary_armies" title="Category:Structure of contemporary armies">Armies by country</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Command_hierarchy" title="Command hierarchy">Chain of command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unified_combatant_command" title="Unified combatant command">Unified combatant command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staff_(military)" title="Staff (military)">General staff</a></li> <li><i>Land:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_group" title="Army group">Army group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field_army" title="Field army">Field army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corps" title="Corps">Corps</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_corps" title="List of military corps">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Division_(military)" title="Division (military)">Division</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_divisions" title="List of military divisions">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigade" title="Brigade">Brigade</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Brigades_by_type" title="Category:Brigades by type">By type</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regiment" title="Regiment">Regiment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Regiments_by_country" title="Category:Regiments by country">By country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Regiments_by_type" title="Category:Regiments by type">By type</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battalion" title="Battalion">Battalion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Battalions_by_country" title="Category:Battalions by country">By country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Battalions_by_type" title="Category:Battalions by type">By type</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platoon" title="Platoon">Platoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squad" title="Squad">Squad</a></li> <li><i>Naval:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_fleet" title="Naval fleet">Naval fleet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Task_force#Naval" title="Task force">Task force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrier_strike_group" title="Carrier strike group">Carrier strike group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Division_(naval)" title="Division (naval)">Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flotilla" title="Flotilla">Flotilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squadron_(naval)" title="Squadron (naval)">Squadron</a></li> <li><i>Air:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_box" title="Combat box">Combat box</a></li> <li><i>Special units by nation:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_Fleet" title="Battle Fleet">Battle Fleet; U.S. Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Front_(military_formation)" title="Front (military formation)">Front; Russian land forces</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vehicles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Ground:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_vehicle" title="Military vehicle">Ground</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_vehicles" title="List of military vehicles">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_vehicle" title="Combat vehicle">Combat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tracked_military_vehicles" title="Category:Tracked military vehicles">Tracked vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wheeled_military_vehicles" title="Category:Wheeled military vehicles">Wheeled vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armoured_fighting_vehicle" title="Armoured fighting vehicle">Armor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tank" title="Tank">Tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infantry_fighting_vehicle" title="Infantry fighting vehicle">Infantry fighting vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_armoured_fighting_vehicles" title="Lists of armoured fighting vehicles">Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_armoured_fighting_vehicles_by_country" title="List of armoured fighting vehicles by country">By country</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armored_car_(military)" title="Armored car (military)">Armored car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_car" title="Scout car">Scout car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_vehicle#Military_trucks" title="Military vehicle">Truck</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_trucks" title="Category:Military trucks">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_truck" title="Gun truck">Gun truck</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-propelled_artillery" title="Self-propelled artillery">Self-propelled artillery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_howitzers#Self-propelled_howitzers" title="List of howitzers">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-propelled_anti-aircraft_weapon" title="Self-propelled anti-aircraft weapon">Anti-aircraft</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_railways" title="Military railways">Rail</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Weapons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Land</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Weapon" title="Weapon">Weapons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_weapons" title="Lists of weapons">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Artillery:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field_artillery" title="Field artillery">Artillery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_artillery" title="List of artillery">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_artillery_by_country" title="List of artillery by country">By country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artillery_battery" title="Artillery battery">Battery</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field_gun" title="Field gun">Field gun</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_field_guns" title="List of field guns">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howitzer" title="Howitzer">Howitzer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_howitzers" title="List of howitzers">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocket_artillery" title="Rocket artillery">Rocket</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rocket_artillery" title="List of rocket artillery">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Small_Arms_and_Light_Weapons" class="mw-redirect" title="Small Arms and Light Weapons">Infantry guns</a>:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_pistol" title="Service pistol">Pistols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machine_gun" title="Machine gun">Machine guns</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_machine_guns" title="List of machine guns">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Service_rifle" title="Service rifle">Service rifles</a>:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_rifle" title="Battle rifle">Battle rifles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_battle_rifles" title="List of battle rifles">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assault_rifle" title="Assault rifle">Assault rifle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_assault_rifles" title="List of assault rifles">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sniper_rifle" title="Sniper rifle">Sniper rifle</a></li> <li><i>Other infantry weapons:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bazooka" title="Bazooka">Bazooka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-tank_gun" title="Anti-tank gun">Anti-tank gun</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_anti-tank_guns" title="List of anti-tank guns">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenade" title="Grenade">Grenade</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Grenades" title="Category:Grenades">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flamethrower" title="Flamethrower">Flamethrower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayonet" title="Bayonet">Bayonet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_knife" title="Combat knife">Combat knife</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_knives" title="Category:Military knives">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Missile" title="Missile">Missiles</a>:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shoulder-fired_missile" title="Shoulder-fired missile">Shoulder-fired</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-tank_guided_missile" title="Anti-tank guided missile">Anti-tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_missiles" title="List of missiles">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_missiles_by_country" title="List of missiles by country">By country</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortar_(weapon)" title="Mortar (weapon)">Mortar</a> <ul><li><i>Lists:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_infantry_mortars" title="List of infantry mortars">Infantry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heavy_mortars" title="List of heavy mortars">Heavy</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Other:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_mine" title="Land mine">Land mine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shell_(projectile)" title="Shell (projectile)">Shells</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Sea/Air:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Missile" title="Missile">Guided missiles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_missiles" title="List of missiles">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Naval_warfare" title="Naval warfare">Naval</a>:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_artillery" title="Naval artillery">Naval artillery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_naval_guns" title="List of naval guns">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-ship_missile" title="Anti-ship missile">Anti-ship missiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torpedo" title="Torpedo">Torpedoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Depth_charge" title="Depth charge">Depth charges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Close-in_weapon_system" title="Close-in weapon system">Close-in weapons</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aerial_warfare" title="Aerial warfare">Aerial</a>:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Aircraft_guns" title="Category:Aircraft guns">Guns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Air-launched_missiles" title="Category:Air-launched missiles">Missiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aerial_bomb" title="Aerial bomb">Bombs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Equipment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_technology" title="Military technology">Military equipment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_military_equipment" title="Lists of military equipment">Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_equipment_by_country" title="Category:Military equipment by country">By country</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_helmet" title="Combat helmet">Helmet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_combat_helmets" title="List of combat helmets">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_camouflage" title="Military camouflage">Camouflage</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_clothing_camouflage_patterns" title="List of military clothing camouflage patterns">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_armor" title="Body armor">Body armor</a></li> <li><i>Facilities:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_base" title="Military base">Military base</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_military_installations" title="Lists of military installations">Lists</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field_hospital" title="Field hospital">Field hospital</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Combat systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fire-control_system" title="Fire-control system">Fire-control system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire-control_radar" title="Fire-control radar">Fire-control radar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Director_(military)" title="Director (military)">Director (military)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_information_center" title="Combat information center">Combat information center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonar" title="Sonar">Sonar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radar" title="Radar">Radar</a></li> <li><i>Historical:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ship_gun_fire-control_system" title="Ship gun fire-control system">Ship gun fire-control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_data_computer" title="Gun data computer">Gun data computer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torpedo_Data_Computer" title="Torpedo Data Computer">Torpedo Data Computer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/War" title="War">Warfare</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War" title="War">War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle" title="Battle">Battle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategy" title="Strategy">Strategy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_tactics" title="Military tactics">Tactics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat" title="Combat">Combat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_science" title="Military science">Military science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diplomacy" title="Diplomacy">Diplomacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_law" title="International law">International law</a></li> <li><i>By era:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_warfare" title="Prehistoric warfare">Prehistoric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_warfare" title="Ancient warfare">Ancient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_warfare" title="Medieval warfare">Post-classical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_modern_warfare" title="Early modern warfare">Early modern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_warfare" title="Modern warfare">Late modern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_warfare" title="Industrial warfare">industrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth-generation_warfare" title="Fourth-generation warfare">fourth-gen</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>By type:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armoured_warfare" title="Armoured warfare">Armoured warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artillery" title="Artillery">Artillery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrage_(artillery)" title="Barrage (artillery)">Barrage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biological_warfare" title="Biological warfare">Biological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_camouflage" title="Military camouflage">Camouflage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavalry" title="Cavalry">Cavalry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemical_warfare" title="Chemical warfare">Chemical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Class_conflict" title="Class conflict">Class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combined_arms" title="Combined arms">Combined arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conventional_warfare" title="Conventional warfare">Conventional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyberweapon" title="Cyberweapon">Cyber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Area_denial_weapon" title="Area denial weapon">Denial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disinformation" title="Disinformation">Disinformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drone_warfare" title="Drone warfare">Drone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_warfare" title="Electronic warfare">Electronic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infantry" title="Infantry">Infantry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawfare" title="Lawfare">Lawfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loitering_munition" title="Loitering munition">Loitering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_music" title="Martial music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_warfare" title="Nuclear warfare">Nuclear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_warfare" title="Psychological warfare">Psychological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiological_warfare" title="Radiological warfare">Radiological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unconventional_warfare" title="Unconventional warfare">Unconventional</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Battlespace" title="Battlespace">Battlespace</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Aerospace <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aerial_warfare" title="Aerial warfare">Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airborne_forces" title="Airborne forces">Airborne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_warfare" title="Space warfare">Space</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_warfare" title="Land warfare">Land</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cold-weather_warfare" title="Cold-weather warfare">Cold-region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desert_warfare" title="Desert warfare">Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jungle_warfare" title="Jungle warfare">Jungle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_warfare" title="Mountain warfare">Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_warfare" title="Urban warfare">Urban</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_warfare" title="Naval warfare">Sea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphibious_warfare" title="Amphibious warfare">Amphibious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue-water_navy" title="Blue-water navy">Blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown-water_navy" title="Brown-water navy">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green-water_navy" title="Green-water navy">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surface_warfare" title="Surface warfare">Surface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underwater_warfare" title="Underwater warfare">Underwater</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subterranean_warfare" title="Subterranean warfare">Subterranean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tunnel_warfare" title="Tunnel warfare">Tunnel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyberwarfare" title="Cyberwarfare">Cyber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_warfare" title="Information warfare">Information</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Military_tactics" title="Military tactics">Tactics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_tactics" title="List of military tactics">List of military tactics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_combat_manoeuvring" title="Air combat manoeuvring">Aerial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airlift" title="Airlift">Airlift</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airbridge_(logistics)" title="Airbridge (logistics)">Airbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airdrop" title="Airdrop">Airdrop</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle" title="Battle">Battle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavalry_tactics" title="Cavalry tactics">Cavalry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charge_(warfare)" title="Charge (warfare)">Charge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counterattack" title="Counterattack">Counterattack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counterinsurgency" title="Counterinsurgency">Counterinsurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defeat_in_detail" title="Defeat in detail">Defeat in detail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defensive_fighting_position" title="Defensive fighting position">Foxhole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Envelopment" title="Envelopment">Envelopment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_warfare" title="Guerrilla warfare">Guerrilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morale" title="Morale">Morale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shock_and_awe" title="Shock and awe">Rapid dominance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege" title="Siege">Siege</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swarming_(military)" title="Swarming (military)">Swarming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tactical_objective" title="Tactical objective">Tactical objective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturation_attack" title="Saturation attack">Target saturation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trench_warfare" title="Trench warfare">Trench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_(military)" title="Withdrawal (military)">Withdrawal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Operational_level_of_war" title="Operational level of war">Operational</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_operation" title="Military operation">Military operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operations_research" title="Operations research">Operations research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blitzkrieg" title="Blitzkrieg">Blitzkrieg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expeditionary_warfare" title="Expeditionary warfare">Expeditionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_operation" title="Deep operation">Deep operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maneuver_warfare" title="Maneuver warfare">Maneuver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operational_manoeuvre_group" title="Operational manoeuvre group">Operational manoeuvre group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Military_strategy" title="Military strategy">Strategy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_strategies_and_concepts" title="List of military strategies and concepts">List of military strategies and concepts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_campaign" title="Military campaign">Military campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attrition_warfare" title="Attrition warfare">Attrition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter-offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="Counter-offensive">Counter-offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culminating_point" title="Culminating point">Culminating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_in_depth" title="Defence in depth">Defence in depth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fabian_strategy" title="Fabian strategy">Fabian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosaic_Warfare" class="mw-redirect" title="Mosaic Warfare">Mosaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_deception" title="Military deception">Deception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_defence" title="Strategic defence">Defensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_depth" title="Strategic depth">Depth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_goal_(military)" title="Strategic goal (military)">Goal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_strategy" title="Naval strategy">Naval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offensive_(military)" title="Offensive (military)">Offensive</a></li> 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