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class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Funzioni e scopi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Funzioni_e_scopi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-L'economia_aperta" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#L'economia_aperta"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>L'economia aperta</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-L'economia_aperta-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aspetti_socio-economici" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aspetti_socio-economici"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Aspetti socio-economici</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aspetti_socio-economici-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Trattazione_matematica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trattazione_matematica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Trattazione matematica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trattazione_matematica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Indice" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Politica fiscale</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 57 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-57" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">57 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="سياسة مالية - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سياسة مالية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiskal_siyas%C9%99t" title="Fiskal siyasət - azerbaigiano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fiskal siyasət" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaigiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Фіскальная палітыка - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Фіскальная палітыка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Фискална политика - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Фискална политика" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="রাজস্ব নীতি - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রাজস্ব নীতি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiskalna_politika" title="Fiskalna politika - bosniaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Fiskalna politika" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C3%ADtica_fiscal" title="Política fiscal - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Política fiscal" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisk%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_politika" title="Fiskální politika - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Fiskální politika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polisi_cyllidol" title="Polisi cyllidol - gallese" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Polisi cyllidol" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiskalpolitik" title="Fiskalpolitik - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fiskalpolitik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE" title="Δημοσιονομική πολιτική - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Δημοσιονομική πολιτική" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiscal_policy" title="Fiscal policy - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Fiscal policy" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiska_politiko" title="Fiska politiko - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Fiska politiko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C3%ADtica_fiscal" title="Política fiscal - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Política fiscal" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiskaalpoliitika" title="Fiskaalpoliitika - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Fiskaalpoliitika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politika_fiskal" title="Politika fiskal - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Politika fiskal" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C" title="سیاست مالی - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیاست مالی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finanssipolitiikka" title="Finanssipolitiikka - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Finanssipolitiikka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ADggjarpolitikkur" title="Fíggjarpolitikkur - faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Fíggjarpolitikkur" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politique_fiscale" title="Politique fiscale - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Politique fiscale" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%AA" title="מדיניות פיסקלית - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מדיניות פיסקלית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="राजकोषीय नीति - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="राजकोषीय नीति" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6lts%C3%A9gvet%C3%A9si_politika" title="Költségvetési politika - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Költségvetési politika" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BB%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D6%84%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%A1%D6%84%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Հարկաբյուջետային քաղաքականություն - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հարկաբյուջետային քաղաքականություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kebijakan_fiskal" title="Kebijakan fiskal - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kebijakan fiskal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B2%A1%E6%94%BF%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" title="財政政策 - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="財政政策" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Салық саясаты - kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Салық саясаты" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%82%E1%9F%84%E1%9E%9B%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%99%E1%9F%84%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%BE%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%92" title="គោលនយោបាយសារពើពន្ធ - khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="គោលនយោបាយសារពើពន្ធ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%AC%EC%A0%95_%EC%A0%95%EC%B1%85" title="재정 정책 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="재정 정책" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Салык саясаты - kirghiso" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Салык саясаты" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghiso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%8D%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%8D%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%87%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%99" title="ນະໂຍບາຍການເງິນ - lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ນະໂຍບາຍການເງິນ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiskalin%C4%97_politika" title="Fiskalinė politika - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Fiskalinė politika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisk%C4%81l%C4%81_politika" title="Fiskālā politika - lettone" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Fiskālā politika" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Фискална политика - macedone" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Фискална политика" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="राजकोषीय नीति - nepalese" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="राजकोषीय नीति" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiscaal_beleid" title="Fiscaal beleid - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Fiscaal beleid" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politica_fiscala" title="Politica fiscala - occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Politica fiscala" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polityka_fiskalna" title="Polityka fiskalna - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Polityka fiskalna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="مالي سياست - pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="مالي سياست" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C3%ADtica_or%C3%A7amental" title="Política orçamental - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Política orçamental" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politica_fiscal%C4%83" title="Politica fiscală - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Politica fiscală" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Фискальная политика - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Фискальная политика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiscal_policy" title="Fiscal policy - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Fiscal policy" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fi%C5%A1k%C3%A1lna_politika" title="Fiškálna politika - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Fiškálna politika" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiskalna_politika" title="Fiskalna politika - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Fiskalna politika" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politika_fiskale" title="Politika fiskale - albanese" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Politika fiskale" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Фискална политика - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Фискална политика" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%88" title="நிதிக்கொள்கை - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நிதிக்கொள்கை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87" title="นโยบายการคลัง - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="นโยบายการคลัง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maliye_politikas%C4%B1" title="Maliye politikası - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Maliye politikası" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Фіскальна політика - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Фіскальна політика" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pu%C5%82itega_fisca%C5%82e" title="Pułitega fiscałe - veneto" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Pułitega fiscałe" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="veneto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%ADnh_s%C3%A1ch_t%C3%A0i_kh%C3%B3a" title="Chính sách tài khóa - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chính sách tài khóa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polisiya_fiscal" title="Polisiya fiscal - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Polisiya fiscal" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%A2%E6%94%BF%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" title="财政政策 - wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="财政政策" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%A2%E6%94%BF%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" title="财政政策 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="财政政策" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B2%A1%E6%94%BF%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" title="財政政策 - cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="財政政策" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonese" 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</div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Strumenti pagine"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspetto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspetto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><p>La <b>politica fiscale</b>, in <a href="/wiki/Politica_economica" title="Politica economica">politica economica</a>, è una delle linee di azione adottate dal <a href="/wiki/Governo" title="Governo">governo</a> all'interno della <a href="/wiki/Politica_di_bilancio" title="Politica di bilancio">politica di bilancio</a> per far fronte in maniera predeterminata agli obiettivi di <a href="/wiki/Bilancio_dello_Stato" title="Bilancio dello Stato">bilancio pubblico</a>, ovvero stabilire un livello di <a href="/wiki/Imposta" title="Imposta">imposizione o prelievo fiscale</a> sui <a href="/wiki/Contribuente" title="Contribuente">contribuenti</a> al fine di coprire la quota prefissata di uscite <a href="/wiki/Stato" title="Stato">statali</a> (<a href="/wiki/Spesa_pubblica" title="Spesa pubblica">spesa pubblica</a>). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Descrizione">Descrizione</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Politica_fiscale&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Descrizione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Politica_fiscale&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Descrizione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Funzioni_e_scopi">Funzioni e scopi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Politica_fiscale&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Funzioni e scopi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Politica_fiscale&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Funzioni e scopi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tali risultati si ottengono attraverso modifiche al cosiddetto <i>sistema fiscale,</i> definito come il livello medio di <a href="/wiki/Rapporto_tra_il_gettito_fiscale_e_il_PIL" title="Rapporto tra il gettito fiscale e il PIL">pressione fiscale</a> e le modalità di ripartizione dei <a href="/wiki/Tributo" title="Tributo">tributi</a> sui contribuenti stessi. In generale, se si mantiene inalterato il livello di pressione fiscale per raggiungere determinati obiettivi di bilancio, ad un qualunque taglio delle imposte da una parte ne corrisponde un aumento o creazione di altre. Un problema tipico e fortemente limitante che un governo si trova spesso ad affrontare in materia fiscale per raggiungere i propri obiettivi di bilancio è quello dell'<a href="/wiki/Evasione_fiscale" title="Evasione fiscale">evasione fiscale</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="L'economia_aperta"><span id="L.27economia_aperta"></span>L'economia aperta</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Politica_fiscale&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione L'economia aperta" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Politica_fiscale&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: L'economia aperta"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In regime di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economia_aperta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economia aperta (la pagina non esiste)">economia aperta</a>, entrano in gioco altri fattori, come il <a href="/wiki/Tasso_di_cambio" title="Tasso di cambio">tasso di cambio</a> e anche il tipo di regime di cambio: cambi fissi o cambi flessibili (<i>modello Mundell-Fleming</i>). Infatti una manovra espansiva o restrittiva avrà influenza anche sulla quantità di esportazioni nette. Ad esempio, una politica fiscale espansiva, in un regime di cambi fissi, aumenterà la domanda e quindi la produzione nazionale (in funzione della quale variano negativamente le importazioni), mentre non ha effetto sulla produzione estera (da cui dipende la domanda estera di prodotti nazionali e dunque le esportazioni). Di conseguenza, una politica fiscale espansiva in economia aperta, in regime di cambi fissi, produrrà un miglioramento della <a href="/wiki/Bilancia_commerciale" title="Bilancia commerciale">bilancia commerciale</a>. Le conclusioni sono esattamente opposte nel caso di regime di cambi flessibili, dove una politica fiscale espansiva fa aumentare il tasso di cambio peggiorando le esportazioni. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aspetti_socio-economici">Aspetti socio-economici</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Politica_fiscale&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Aspetti socio-economici" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Politica_fiscale&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Aspetti socio-economici"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tipicamente, riguardo alla ripartizione dei tributi, si hanno due distinte e contrapposte posizioni in materia di politica fiscale spesso dettate da scelte <a href="/wiki/Politica" title="Politica">politiche</a>, ognuna con delle limitazioni: </p> <ul><li>da una parte privilegiare un'<a href="/wiki/Tributo" title="Tributo">imposizione fiscale</a> sui <a href="/wiki/Reddito" title="Reddito">redditi</a> alti favorendo così una <a href="/wiki/Politiche_di_redistribuzione_dei_redditi" title="Politiche di redistribuzione dei redditi">redistribuzione del reddito</a> nella società e i <a href="/wiki/Consumo" title="Consumo">consumi</a> dal basso, ma che almeno in parte può tramutarsi in una limitazione sugli <a href="/wiki/Investimento" title="Investimento">investimenti</a> da parte delle <a href="/wiki/Impresa" title="Impresa">imprese</a> per produrre <a href="/wiki/Innovazione" title="Innovazione">innovazione</a> e quindi in ultimo una possibile limitazione sulla <a href="/wiki/Crescita_economica" title="Crescita economica">crescita economica</a>;</li> <li>dall'altra privilegiare un'imposizione fiscale sui redditi medio-bassi ovvero sul <a href="/wiki/Ceto_medio" title="Ceto medio">ceto medio</a> preservando gli investimenti da parte della classe <a href="/wiki/Imprenditore" title="Imprenditore">imprenditoriale</a>, ma con possibili conseguenze negative sui consumi cioè sulla <a href="/wiki/Domanda_e_offerta#Domanda" title="Domanda e offerta">domanda</a> e quindi conseguentemente una limitazione sull'<a href="/wiki/Offerta" title="Offerta">offerta</a> e sulla crescita economica stessa.</li></ul> <p>Nel mezzo ovviamente sono possibili varie situazioni intermedie di compromesso. Tuttavia diversi economisti fanno notare e concordano come sia preferibile stimolare una crescita economica dal basso ovvero favorendo i consumi, abbassando quindi la pressione fiscale sui meno abbienti, piuttosto che stimolarla dall'alto favorendo investimenti e innovazione cioè diminuendo la pressione fiscale sui più abbienti (tra cui la classe imprenditoriale) in quanto l'innovazione senza consumi non porterebbe ad alcuna reale crescita per semplice calo della domanda. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Trattazione_matematica">Trattazione matematica</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Politica_fiscale&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Trattazione matematica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Politica_fiscale&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Trattazione matematica"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Se facciamo riferimento alla <a href="/wiki/Modello_IS-LM" title="Modello IS-LM">curva IS</a> risultano immediatamente evidenti questi tre elementi: </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle Y=[C'+c(Y+TR-t*Y)]+[I'-b*i]+G+NX}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>Y</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <msup> <mi>C</mi> <mo>′</mo> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mi>c</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>Y</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mi>R</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>∗</mo> <mi>Y</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <msup> <mi>I</mi> <mo>′</mo> </msup> <mo>−</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>∗</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mi>G</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mi>X</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle Y=[C'+c(Y+TR-t*Y)]+[I'-b*i]+G+NX}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c6aec3953a6fd0f5adef2a10fce87a3df4a27000" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:54.388ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle Y=[C'+c(Y+TR-t*Y)]+[I'-b*i]+G+NX}"></span> </p><p>Tra queste variabili, quelle che sono manovrabili dallo Stato sono: </p> <ul><li><i>TR</i> = trasferimenti (quota di <a href="/wiki/Denaro" title="Denaro">denaro</a> che lo Stato eroga gratuitamente a vario titolo alle famiglie)</li> <li><i>t*Y</i> = <i>TA</i> = <a href="/wiki/Imposta" title="Imposta">imposte</a> riscosse (dato da una <a href="/wiki/Aliquota_fiscale" title="Aliquota fiscale">aliquota</a> <i>t</i> calcolata sul <a href="/wiki/Reddito" title="Reddito">reddito</a> <i>Y</i>)</li> <li><i>G</i> = spesa pubblica</li></ul> <p>Da queste tre variabili possiamo inoltre evidenziare da cosa sia composto il <a href="/wiki/Bilancio_dello_Stato" title="Bilancio dello Stato">bilancio</a> di uno Stato: </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle BS=TA-(G+TR)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>B</mi> <mi>S</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mi>A</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>G</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mi>R</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle BS=TA-(G+TR)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1bc1f45e7faaacbc08b15a060e7ef45a2b25bb16" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:22.458ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle BS=TA-(G+TR)}"></span> </p><p>In generale possiamo affermare che le manovre attuabili dallo Stato sono di due tipi: manovre <i>espansive</i> e manovre <i>restrittive</i>. </p><p>Una manovra <i>espansiva</i> consiste nell'aumento della spesa pubblica o dei trasferimenti, oppure in una riduzione delle imposte. Tale manovra, come risulta evidente, genera un <a href="/wiki/Deficit_pubblico" title="Deficit pubblico">disavanzo pubblico</a> nel bilancio dello Stato. Una manovra <i>restrittiva</i> invece, consiste nella riduzione della spesa pubblica o dei trasferimenti, oppure in un aumento delle imposte con effetto di <a href="/wiki/Bilancio_dello_Stato" title="Bilancio dello Stato">avanzo pubblico</a> o <a href="/wiki/Pareggio_di_bilancio" title="Pareggio di bilancio">pareggio di bilancio</a>. </p><p>Una <i>manovra espansiva</i> comporta uno spostamento verso destra della curva IS; tale manovra, <i><a href="/wiki/Ceteris_paribus" title="Ceteris paribus">ceteris paribus</a></i>, provoca un aumento del reddito (<i>Y</i>) e un aumento del <a href="/wiki/Tasso_d%27interesse" title="Tasso d'interesse">tasso di interesse</a> (<i>i</i>). A causa dell'aumento di <i>i</i> ci sarà una riduzione degli investimenti che causerà una leggera riduzione di <i>Y</i>. Una <i>manovra restrittiva</i> invece comporta uno spostamento verso sinistra della curva IS; tale manovra, <i><a href="/wiki/Ceteris_paribus" title="Ceteris paribus">ceteris paribus</a></i>, provoca una riduzione del reddito (<i>Y</i>) e una riduzione del tasso di interesse (<i>i</i>). A causa della riduzione di <i>i</i> ci sarà un aumento degli <a href="/wiki/Investimento" title="Investimento">investimenti</a> che causerà un leggero aumento di <i>Y</i>. </p><p>Una terza politica di bilancio è quella del <a href="/wiki/Pareggio_di_bilancio" title="Pareggio di bilancio">pareggio di bilancio</a>, che impone l'uguaglianza tra entrate e uscite, ovvero una politica di fiscale in cui le entrate fiscali eguagliano la spesa pubblica. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Politica_fiscale&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Politica_fiscale&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imposizione_fiscale" class="mw-redirect" title="Imposizione fiscale">Imposizione fiscale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gettito_fiscale" title="Gettito fiscale">Gettito fiscale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scudo_fiscale" title="Scudo fiscale">Scudo fiscale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politica_economica" title="Politica economica">Politica economica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spesa_pubblica" title="Spesa pubblica">Spesa pubblica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politiche_di_redistribuzione_dei_redditi" title="Politiche di redistribuzione dei redditi">Politiche di redistribuzione dei redditi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistema_fiscale" class="mw-redirect" title="Sistema fiscale">Sistema fiscale</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Politica_fiscale&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Politica_fiscale&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Fiscal policy"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Fiscal_policy?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Fiscal_policy?uselang=it">politica fiscale</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Politica_fiscale&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Politica_fiscale&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/fiscal-policy"><span style="font-style:italic;">What is fiscal policy and how does it affect the economy?</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187021#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEnciclopedia_canadese" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="francese">FR</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/fiscal-policy/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Politica fiscale</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_canadese" title="Enciclopedia canadese">Enciclopedia canadese</a></span>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187021#P5395" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141815314">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;margin:auto;padding:2px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox th{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:#ccf;font-size:90%;width:100%;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_navbar{float:left;margin:0;padding:0 10px 0 0;text-align:left;width:6em}.mw-parser-output .navbox_title{font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;padding:0 10px;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list{font-size:90%;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list a{white-space:nowrap}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_odd{background:#fdfdfd;color:var(--color-base,black)}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_even{background:#f7f7f7;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox a.mw-selflink{color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_center{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox_image{padding-left:7px;vertical-align:middle;width:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal;text-align:right;width:7em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox_image img{max-width:none!important}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox{margin:-3px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:#e6e6ff;padding:0 10px}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}</style><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Finanza_pubblica"><tbody><tr><th colspan="3"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; 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href="/w/index.php?title=Aliquote_nel_mondo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aliquote nel mondo (la pagina non esiste)">Aliquote nel mondo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Stati_per_gettito_fiscale_in_rapporto_al_PIL" title="Stati per gettito fiscale in rapporto al PIL">Stati per gettito fiscale in rapporto al PIL</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Aggregati_monetari" title="Aggregati monetari">Aggregati monetari</a><b> ·</b></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Politica_economica" title="Politica economica">Politica economica</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Politica_monetaria" title="Politica monetaria">Politica monetaria</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Banca_centrale" title="Banca centrale">Banca centrale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Offerta_monetaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Offerta monetaria (la pagina non esiste)">Offerta monetaria</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Sistema_aureo" title="Sistema aureo">Sistema aureo</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Politica fiscale</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Spesa_pubblica" title="Spesa pubblica">Spesa pubblica</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Revisione_della_spesa_pubblica" title="Revisione della spesa pubblica">Revisione della spesa pubblica</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Deficit" title="Deficit">Deficit</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Debito_pubblico" title="Debito pubblico">Debito pubblico</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Policy-mix" title="Policy-mix">Policy-mix</a></th><td colspan="1"> </td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Commercio" title="Commercio">Commercio</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Tariffa" title="Tariffa">Tariffa</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Accordo_commerciale" title="Accordo commerciale">Accordo commerciale</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Finanza" title="Finanza">Finanza</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Mercato_finanziario" title="Mercato finanziario">Mercato finanziario</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Intermediario_finanziario" title="Intermediario finanziario">Intermediario finanziario</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Finanza_d%27impresa" title="Finanza d'impresa">Finanza d'impresa</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Finanza_personale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Finanza personale (la pagina non esiste)">Finanza personale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Finanza_pubblica" title="Finanza pubblica">Finanza pubblica</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Commissione_nazionale_per_le_societ%C3%A0_e_la_Borsa" class="mw-redirect" title="Commissione nazionale per le società e la Borsa">CONSOB</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Banca" title="Banca">Banca</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Riserva_frazionaria" title="Riserva frazionaria">Riserva frazionaria</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Riserva_intera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Riserva intera (la pagina non esiste)">Riserva intera</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Free_banking" title="Free banking">Banche libere</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Finanza_etica" title="Finanza etica">Finanza etica</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Fondo_interbancario_di_tutela_dei_depositi" title="Fondo interbancario di tutela dei depositi">Fondi di garanzia dei depositi</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Tassa" title="Tassa">Tasse</a> e <a href="/wiki/Imposta" title="Imposta">imposte</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Accisa" title="Accisa">Accise</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Canone_televisivo" title="Canone televisivo">Canone televisivo</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style 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