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global</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: global"> <meta name="keywords" content="global"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="global"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 5249</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: global</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5219</span> Shifting of Global Energy Security: A Comparative Analysis of Indonesia and China’s Renewable Energy Policies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Widhi%20Hanantyo%20Suryadinata">Widhi Hanantyo Suryadinata</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Efforts undertaken by Indonesia and China to shift the strategies and security of renewable energy on a global stage involve approaches through policy construction related to rare minerals processing or value-adding in Indonesia and manufacturing policies through the New Energy Vehicles (NEVs) policy in China. Both policies encompass several practical regulations and policies that can be utilized for the implementation of Indonesia and China's grand efforts and ideas. Policy development in Indonesia and China can be analyzed using a comparative analysis method, as well as employing a pyramid illustration to identify policy construction phases based on the real conditions of the domestic market and implemented policies. This approach also helps to identify the potential integration of policies needed to enhance the policy development phase of a country within the pyramid. It also emphasizes the significance of integration policy to redefine renewable energy strategy and security on the global stage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20renewable%20energy%20security" title="global renewable energy security">global renewable energy security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20energy%20security" title=" global energy security"> global energy security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy%20development" title=" policy development"> policy development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comparative%20analysis" title=" comparative analysis"> comparative analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shifting%20of%20global%20energy%20security" title=" shifting of global energy security"> shifting of global energy security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indonesia" title=" Indonesia"> Indonesia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=China" title=" China"> China</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184007/shifting-of-global-energy-security-a-comparative-analysis-of-indonesia-and-chinas-renewable-energy-policies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184007.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5218</span> Transnational Educators in Japan, Russia, and America: Historical Trends in Global Education in the 1990’s and Early 2000’s</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20J.%20Glinos">Peter J. Glinos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Alternative Education Resource Organization (AERO), one of the largest international hubs for alternative educators led by Jerry Mintz, has had a major impact on the global alternative education movement. The organization’s publications, like the AERO-Gramme Newsletter and its successor, the Education Revolution Magazine, allowed members across the globe to discuss issues, share support, and submit writings on policies and reforms. Stored on AERO's online digital archive, this work uses these publications from 1989 to 2011 to investigate the network's entanglements with America, Canada, Russia, Ukraine, Israel, Palestine, Japan, India, and Guatemala. Inspired by Reinhart Koselleck, this historical analysis will trace AERO’s entanglements within the United States, Japan, and Russia, contextualizing each of these multiple temporalities within the history of each nation’s education system, the developments within AERO, and the global geo-political climate at the time of AERO’s expansion. To help remedy the lack of attention paid by global historians to the role state organizations play supporting global networks, as noted in What is Global History? by Sebastian Conrad, this work will focus on the relationship between AERO and state actors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20history" title="global history">global history</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=history%20of%20education" title=" history of education"> history of education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neoliberalism" title=" neoliberalism"> neoliberalism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transnational%20history" title=" transnational history"> transnational history</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alternative%20education" title=" alternative education"> alternative education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187642/transnational-educators-in-japan-russia-and-america-historical-trends-in-global-education-in-the-1990s-and-early-2000s" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187642.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">28</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5217</span> Global Learning Supports Global Readiness with Projects with Purpose</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brian%20Bilich">Brian Bilich</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A typical global learning program is a two-week project based, culturally immersive and academically relevant experience built around a project with purpose and catered to student and business groups. Global Learning in Continuing Education at Austin Community College promotes global readiness through projects with purpose with special attention given to balancing learning, hospitality and travel. A recent project involved CommunityFirst! Village; a 51-acre planned community which provides affordable, permanent housing for men and women coming out of chronic homelessness. Global Learning students collaborated with residents and staff at the Community First! Village on a project to produce two-dimensional remodeling plans of residents’ tiny homes with a focus on but not limited to design improvements on elements related to accessibility, increased usability of living and storage space and esthetic upgrades to boost psychological and emotional appeal. The goal of project-based learning in the context of global learning in Continuing Educaiton at Austin Community Collegen general is two fold. One, in rapid fashion we develop a project which gives the learner a hands-on opportunity to exercise soft and technical skills, like creativity and communication and analytical thinking. Two, by basing projects on global social conflict issues, the project of purpose promotes the development of empathy for other people and fosters a sense of corporate social responsibility in future generations of business leadership. In the example provide above the project informed the student group on the topic of chronic homelessness and promoted awareness and empathy for this underserved segment of the community. Project-based global learning based on projects with purpose has the potential to cultivate global readiness by developing empathy and strengthening emotional intelligence for future generations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=project-based%20learning" title="project-based learning">project-based learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20learning" title=" global learning"> global learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20readiness" title=" global readiness"> global readiness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=globalization" title=" globalization"> globalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20exchange" title=" international exchange"> international exchange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collaboration" title=" collaboration"> collaboration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175797/global-learning-supports-global-readiness-with-projects-with-purpose" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175797.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">64</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5216</span> FreGsd: A Framework for Golbal Software Requirement Engineering</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alsahli%20Abdulaziz%20Abdullah">Alsahli Abdulaziz Abdullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hameed%20Ullah%20Khan"> Hameed Ullah Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Software development nowadays is more and more using global ways of development instead of normal development enviroment where development occur in one location. This paper is a aimed to propose a Requirement Engineering framework to support Global Software Development environment with regards to all requirment engineering activities from elicitation to fially magning requirment change. Global software enviroment is more and more gaining better reputation in software developmet with better quality is resulting from developing in this eviroment yet with lower cost.However, failure rate developing in this enviroment is high due to inapproprate requirment development and managment.This paper will add to the software engineering development envrioments discipline and many developers in GSD will benefit from it. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20software%20development%20environment" title="global software development environment">global software development environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GSD" title=" GSD"> GSD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=requirement%20engineering" title=" requirement engineering"> requirement engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FreGsd" title=" FreGsd"> FreGsd</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20engineering" title=" computer engineering"> computer engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18467/fregsd-a-framework-for-golbal-software-requirement-engineering" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18467.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">549</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5215</span> 3D Printing: Rebounding from Global Supply Chain Disruption Due to Natural Disaster</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gurjinder%20Singh">Gurjinder Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jasmeen%20Kaur"> Jasmeen Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mukul%20Dhiman"> Mukul Dhiman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper mainly describes the significance of 3D printing in the supply chain management in a scenario when there is disruption in global supply chain. Furthermore, the development and implementation of supply chain strategies in context of 3D printing technology is framed to make supply chain of an organization resilient to disruption caused by natural disasters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20printing" title="3D printing">3D printing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20supply%20chain" title=" global supply chain"> global supply chain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain%20management" title=" supply chain management"> supply chain management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain%20strategies" title=" supply chain strategies"> supply chain strategies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24079/3d-printing-rebounding-from-global-supply-chain-disruption-due-to-natural-disaster" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24079.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">476</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5214</span> Performance Analysis of Carbon Nanotube for VLSI Interconnects and Their Comparison with Copper Interconnects</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gagnesh%20Kumar">Gagnesh Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prashant%20Gupta"> Prashant Gupta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the performance of the bundle of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) for low-power and high-speed interconnects for future VLSI applications. The power dissipation, delay and power delay product (PDP) of SWCNT bundle interconnects are examined and compared with that of the Cu interconnects at 22 nm technology node for both intermediate and global interconnects. The results show that SWCNT bundle consume less power and also faster than Cu for intermediate and global interconnects. It is concluded that the metallic SWCNT has been regarded as a viable candidate for intermediate and global interconnects in future technologies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20nanotube" title="carbon nanotube">carbon nanotube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SWCNT" title=" SWCNT"> SWCNT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20power" title=" low power"> low power</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=delay" title=" delay"> delay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20delay%20product" title=" power delay product"> power delay product</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20and%20intermediate%20interconnects" title=" global and intermediate interconnects"> global and intermediate interconnects</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9055/performance-analysis-of-carbon-nanotube-for-vlsi-interconnects-and-their-comparison-with-copper-interconnects" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9055.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">320</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5213</span> Students as Global Citizens: Lessons from the International Study Tour</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Hol">Ana Hol</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Study and work operations are being transformed with the uses of technologies and are consequently becoming global. This paper outlines lessons learned based on the international study tour that Australian Bachelor of Information Systems students undertook. This research identifies that for the study tour to be successful, students need to gain skills that global citizens require. For example, students will need to gain an understanding of local cultures, local customs and habits. Furthermore, students would also need to gain an understanding of how a field of their future career expertise operates in the host country, how study and business are conducted internationally, which tools and technologies are currently being utilized on a global scale, what trends drive future developments world-wide and how business negotiations and collaborations are being undertaken across borders. Furthermore, this research provides a guide to educators who are planning, guiding and running study tours as it outlines the requirements of having a pre-tour preparatory session, carefully planned and executed tour itineraries and post-tour sessions during which students can reflect on their experiences and lessons learned so that they can apply them to future international business visits and ventures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20education" title="global education">global education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20experiences" title=" international experiences"> international experiences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20study%20tours" title=" international study tours"> international study tours</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=students%20as%20global%20citizens" title=" students as global citizens"> students as global citizens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=student%20centered%20education" title=" student centered education"> student centered education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=" title=""></a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53292/students-as-global-citizens-lessons-from-the-international-study-tour" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53292.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">233</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5212</span> A Fast GPS Satellites Signals Detection Algorithm Based on Simplified Fast Fourier Transform</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beldjilali%20Bilal">Beldjilali Bilal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benadda%20Belkacem"> Benadda Belkacem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kahlouche%20Salem"> Kahlouche Salem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to the Doppler effect caused by the high velocity of satellite and in some case receivers, the frequency of the Global Positioning System (GPS) signals are transformed into a new ones. Several acquisition algorithms frequency of the Global Positioning System (GPS) signals are transformed can be used to estimate the new frequency and phase shifts values. Numerous algorithms are based on the frequencies domain calculation. Our developed algorithm is a new approach dedicated to the Global Positioning System signal acquisition based on the fast Fourier transform. Our proposed new algorithm is easier to implement and has fast execution time compared with elder ones. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20positioning%20system" title="global positioning system">global positioning system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acquisition" title=" acquisition"> acquisition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FFT" title=" FFT"> FFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GPS%2FL1" title=" GPS/L1"> GPS/L1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20receiver" title=" software receiver"> software receiver</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weak%20signal" title=" weak signal"> weak signal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84390/a-fast-gps-satellites-signals-detection-algorithm-based-on-simplified-fast-fourier-transform" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84390.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">250</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5211</span> Programmable Shields in Space</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tapas%20Kumar%20Sinha">Tapas Kumar Sinha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joseph%20Mathew"> Joseph Mathew</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> At the moment earth is in grave danger due to threats of global warming. The temperature of the earth has risen by almost 20C. Glaciers in the Arctic have started to melt. It would be foolhardy to think that this is a small effect and in time it would go away. Global warming is caused by a number of factors. However, one sure and simple way to totally eliminate this problem is to put programmable shields in space. Just as an umbrella blocks sunlight, a programmable shield in space will block sun rays from reaching the earth as in a solar eclipse and cause cooling in the penumbral region just as it happens during an eclipse. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glaciers" title="glaciers">glaciers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20house" title=" green house"> green house</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20warming%20space" title=" global warming space"> global warming space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=satellites" title=" satellites "> satellites </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29124/programmable-shields-in-space" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29124.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">599</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5210</span> The Power of Transparency Norms in the Wto Legal Framework: Beyond the Trade Context</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tran%20Van%20Long">Tran Van Long</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Beyond trade facilitation, transparency in the WTO legal context is, implicitly and explicitly, aimed at addressing problems in domestic administrative law. Through the lens of global governance, this paper attempts to shed more light on the power of transparency norms enshrined in multilateral trading agreements under the aegis of the WTO. In this global ruled-base system, transparency has become sufficiently powerful to be a multifunctional instrument for promoting rule of law, good governance, and democracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WTO" title="WTO">WTO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transparency" title=" transparency"> transparency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=good%20governance" title=" good governance"> good governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rule%20of%20law" title=" rule of law"> rule of law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20administrative%20law." title=" global administrative law."> global administrative law.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43327/the-power-of-transparency-norms-in-the-wto-legal-framework-beyond-the-trade-context" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43327.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">282</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5209</span> Intercultural Trainings for Future Global Managers: Evaluating the Effect on the Global Mind-Set</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nina%20Dziatzko">Nina Dziatzko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christopher%20Stehr"> Christopher Stehr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Franziska%20Struve"> Franziska Struve</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Intercultural competence as an explicit required skill nearly never appears in job advertisements in international or even global contexts. But especially those who have to deal with different nationalities and cultures in their everyday business need to have several intercultural competencies and further a global mind-set. This way the question arises how potential future global managers can be trained to learn these competencies. In this regard, it might be helpful to see if different types of intercultural trainings have different effects on those skills. This paper outlines lessons learned based on the evaluation of two different intercultural trainings for management students. The main differences between the observed intercultural trainings are the amount of theoretical input in relation to hands-on experiences, the number of trainers as well as the used methods to teach implicit cultural rules. Both groups contain management students with the willingness and perspective to work abroad or to work in international context. The research is carried out with a pre-training-survey and a post-training-survey which consists of questions referring the international context of the students and a self-estimation of 19 identified intercultural and global mind-set skills, such as: cosmopolitanism, empathy, differentiation and adaptability. Whereas there is no clear result which training gets overall a significant higher increase of skills, there is a clear difference between the focus of competencies trained by each of the intercultural trainings. This way this research provides a guideline for both academicals institutions as well as companies for the decision between different types of intercultural trainings, if the to be trained required skills are defined. Therefore the efficiency and the accuracy of fit of the education of future global managers get optimized. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20mind-set" title="global mind-set">global mind-set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intercultural%20competencies" title=" intercultural competencies"> intercultural competencies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intercultural%20training" title=" intercultural training"> intercultural training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20experiences" title=" learning experiences"> learning experiences</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68784/intercultural-trainings-for-future-global-managers-evaluating-the-effect-on-the-global-mind-set" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68784.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">276</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5208</span> The Sensitivity of Credit Defaults Swaps Premium to Global Risk Factor: Evidence from Emerging Markets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oguzhan%20Cepni">Oguzhan Cepni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Doruk%20Kucuksarac"> Doruk Kucuksarac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Hasan%20Yilmaz"> M. Hasan Yilmaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Changes in the global risk appetite cause co-movement in emerging market risk premiums. However, the sensitivity of the changes in risk premium to the global risk appetite may vary across emerging markets. In this study, how the global risk appetite affects Credit Default Swap (CDS) premiums in emerging markets are analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and rolling regressions. The PCA results indicate that the first common component derived by the PCA accounts for almost 76 percent of the common variation in CDS premiums. Additionally, the explanatory power of the first factor seems to be high over the sample period. However, the sensitivity to the global risk factor tends to change over time and across countries. In this regard, fixed effects panel regressions are used to identify the macroeconomic factors driving the heterogeneity across emerging markets. The panel regression results point to the significance of government debt to GDP and international reserves to GDP in explaining sensitivity. Accordingly, countries with lower government debt and higher reserves tend to be less subject to the variations in the global risk appetite. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=credit%20default%20swaps" title="credit default swaps">credit default swaps</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emerging%20markets" title=" emerging markets"> emerging markets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=principal%20components%20analysis" title=" principal components analysis"> principal components analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sovereign%20risk" title=" sovereign risk"> sovereign risk</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75647/the-sensitivity-of-credit-defaults-swaps-premium-to-global-risk-factor-evidence-from-emerging-markets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75647.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">378</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5207</span> A New Modification of Nonlinear Conjugate Gradient Coefficients with Global Convergence Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Alhawarat">Ahmad Alhawarat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Mamat"> Mustafa Mamat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Rivaie"> Mohd Rivaie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ismail%20Mohd"> Ismail Mohd</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Conjugate gradient method has been enormously used to solve large scale unconstrained optimization problems due to the number of iteration, memory, CPU time, and convergence property, in this paper we find a new class of nonlinear conjugate gradient coefficient with global convergence properties proved by exact line search. The numerical results for our new βK give a good result when it compared with well-known formulas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conjugate%20gradient%20method" title="conjugate gradient method">conjugate gradient method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conjugate%20gradient%20coefficient" title=" conjugate gradient coefficient"> conjugate gradient coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20convergence" title=" global convergence"> global convergence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1392/a-new-modification-of-nonlinear-conjugate-gradient-coefficients-with-global-convergence-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1392.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">463</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5206</span> Global Legislation on Contagious Illnesses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Vahidkia">Hamid Vahidkia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The International Health Regulations (IHR), the sole worldwide regulations for managing infectious diseases, have remained largely unchanged since their initial release in 1951. The WHO is currently involved in updating the IHR. This article evaluates WHO's updated IHR draft and suggests enhancements to enhance global health, such as a strong focus on the organization's fundamental public health goals, activities, and crucial services; wide-reaching coverage for various health risks; establishing global monitoring through official and unofficial data networks; setting benchmarks for national public health systems, evaluating results, and ensuring accountability from countries; safeguarding human rights by implementing evidence-based guidelines and just processes; and promoting good governance by embracing fairness, impartiality, and openness. The World Health Organization needs to guarantee that countries follow health regulations and provide ample economic and technical support to less privileged nations. A crucial concern for the global community is how independent nations can collaborate to ensure that global health benefits all individuals, regardless of their economic status. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IHR" title="IHR">IHR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=law" title=" law"> law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health" title=" health"> health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international" title=" international"> international</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WHO" title=" WHO"> WHO</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193183/global-legislation-on-contagious-illnesses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193183.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">8</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5205</span> The EU’s Role in Exporting Digital Privacy and Security Standards: A Legal Framework for Global Normative Diffusion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuval%20Reinfeld">Yuval Reinfeld</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper explores the European Union’s expanding influence as a global regulatory power, particularly in the realms of legal, security, and privacy challenges within the digital landscape. As digital regulation becomes increasingly vital, the EU has positioned itself as a leading exporter of privacy and cybersecurity standards through landmark frameworks like the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), the Artificial Intelligence Act (AIA), and the Digital Services Act (DSA). These regulations have set global benchmarks, extending their influence well beyond Europe’s borders by shaping legal frameworks in third countries and guiding the development of global digital governance. Central to this regulatory diffusion is the European Court of Justice (CJEU), whose rulings consistently reinforce and extend the reach of EU standards on an international scale. Through mechanisms such as trade agreements, adequacy decisions, and multilateral cooperation, the EU has constructed a regulatory ecosystem that other jurisdictions increasingly adopt. This paper investigates key CJEU cases to illustrate how the EU’s legal instruments in privacy, security, and AI contribute to its role as a global standard-setter. By examining the intersection of digital governance, international law, and normative power, this research provides a thorough analysis of the EU’s regulatory impact on global privacy, cybersecurity, and AI frameworks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20privacy" title="digital privacy">digital privacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cybersecurity" title=" cybersecurity"> cybersecurity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GDPR" title=" GDPR"> GDPR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=European%20Union%20Law" title=" European Union Law"> European Union Law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title=" artificial intelligence"> artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20normative%20power" title=" global normative power"> global normative power</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191507/the-eus-role-in-exporting-digital-privacy-and-security-standards-a-legal-framework-for-global-normative-diffusion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191507.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">24</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5204</span> Promoting Authenticity in Employer Brands to Address the Global-Local Problem in Complex Organisations: The Case of a Developing Country</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saud%20Al%20Taj">Saud Al Taj</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Employer branding is considered as a useful tool for addressing the global-local problem facing complex organisations that have operations scattered across the globe and face challenges of dealing with the local environment alongside. Despite being an established field of study within the Western developed world, there is little empirical evidence concerning the relevance of employer branding to global companies that operate in the under-developed economies. This paper fills this gap by gaining rich insight into the implementation of employer branding programs in a foreign multinational operating in Pakistan dealing with the global-local problem. The study is qualitative in nature and employs semi-structured and focus group interviews with senior/middle managers and local frontline employees to deeply examine the phenomenon in case organisation. Findings suggest that authenticity is required in employer brands to enable them to respond to the local needs thereby leading to the resolution of the global-local problem. However, the role of signaling theory is key to the development of authentic employer brands as it stresses on the need to establish an efficient and effective signaling environment wherein signals travel in both directions (from signal designers to receivers and backwards) and facilitate firms with the global-local problem. The paper also identifies future avenues of research for the employer branding field. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=authenticity" title="authenticity">authenticity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=counter-signals" title=" counter-signals"> counter-signals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employer%20branding" title=" employer branding"> employer branding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global-local%20problem" title=" global-local problem"> global-local problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signaling%20theory" title=" signaling theory "> signaling theory </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20110/promoting-authenticity-in-employer-brands-to-address-the-global-local-problem-in-complex-organisations-the-case-of-a-developing-country" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20110.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">367</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5203</span> Common Laws Principles: A Way to Solve Global Environmental Change</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neelam%20Kadyan">Neelam Kadyan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Global environmental change is happening at an alarming rate in the present world. Floods, Tsunamis’, Avalanches, Change in Weather patterns, Rise in sea temperature, Landslides, are only few evidences of this change. To regulate such alarming growth of global change in environment certain regulatory system or mechanism is required. Nuisance,negligence,absolute liability,strict liability and trespass are some of the effective common law principles which are helpful in environmental problems. What we need today is sufficient law and adequate machinery to enforce the legal standards. Without law environmental standards cannot be enforced and once again there is need to adopt the common law approach in solving the problem of environmental change as through this approach the affected person can get compensation and as the same time it puts check on wrongdoer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20environmental%20problems" title="global environmental problems">global environmental problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nuisance" title=" nuisance"> nuisance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=negligence" title=" negligence"> negligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trespass" title=" trespass"> trespass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strict%20liability" title=" strict liability"> strict liability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=absolute%20liability" title=" absolute liability"> absolute liability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19023/common-laws-principles-a-way-to-solve-global-environmental-change" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19023.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">566</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5202</span> The Impact of Natural Resources on Financial Development: The Global Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Remy%20Jonkam%20Oben">Remy Jonkam Oben</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Using a time series approach, this study investigates how natural resources impact financial development from a global perspective over the 1980-2019 period. Some important determinants of financial development (economic growth, trade openness, population growth, and investment) have been added to the model as control variables. Unit root tests have revealed that all the variables are integrated into order one. Johansen's cointegration test has shown that the variables are in a long-run equilibrium relationship. The vector error correction model (VECM) has estimated the coefficient of the error correction term (ECT), which suggests that the short-run values of natural resources, economic growth, trade openness, population growth, and investment contribute to financial development converging to its long-run equilibrium level by a 23.63% annual speed of adjustment. The estimated coefficients suggest that global natural resource rent has a statistically-significant negative impact on global financial development in the long-run (thereby validating the financial resource curse) but not in the short-run. Causality test results imply that neither global natural resource rent nor global financial development Granger-causes each other. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20development" title="financial development">financial development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20resources" title=" natural resources"> natural resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resource%20curse%20hypothesis" title=" resource curse hypothesis"> resource curse hypothesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20series%20analysis" title=" time series analysis"> time series analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Granger%20causality" title=" Granger causality"> Granger causality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20perspective" title=" global perspective"> global perspective</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156220/the-impact-of-natural-resources-on-financial-development-the-global-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156220.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5201</span> Transfer of Business Anti-Corruption Norms in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Vietnam</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Candice%20Lemaitre">Candice Lemaitre</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> During the 1990s, an alliance of international intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations proposed a set of regulatory norms designed to reduce corruption. Many governments in developing countries, such as Vietnam, enacted these global anti-corruption norms into their domestic law. This article draws on empirical research to understand why these anti-corruption norms have failed to reduce corruption in Vietnam and many other developing countries. Rather than investigating state compliance with global anti-corruption provisions, a topic that has already attracted considerable attention, this article aims to explore the comparatively under-researched area of business compliance. Based on data collected from semi-structured interviews with business managers in Vietnam and archival research, this article examines how businesses in Vietnam interpret and comply with global anti-corruption norms. It investigates why different types of companies in Vietnam engage with and respond to these norms in different ways. This article suggests that global anti-corruption norms have not been effective in reducing corruption in Vietnam because there is fragmentation in the way companies in Vietnam interpret and respond to these norms. This fragmentation results from differences in the epistemic (or interpretive) communities that companies draw upon to interpret global anti-corruption norms. This article uses discourse analysis to understand how the communities interpret global anti-corruption norms. This investigation aims to generate some predictive insights into how companies are likely to respond to anti-corruption regimes based on global anti-corruption norms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-corruption" title="anti-corruption">anti-corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20law" title=" business law"> business law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=legal%20transfer" title=" legal transfer"> legal transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vietnam" title=" Vietnam"> Vietnam</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97780/transfer-of-business-anti-corruption-norms-in-developing-countries-a-case-study-of-vietnam" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97780.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">158</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5200</span> The Development of Local-Global Perceptual Bias across Cultures: Examining the Effects of Gender, Education, and Urbanisation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Helen%20J.%20Spray">Helen J. Spray</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karina%20J.%20Linnell"> Karina J. Linnell</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Local-global bias in adulthood is strongly dependent on environmental factors and a global bias is not the universal characteristic of adult perception it was once thought to be: whilst Western adults typically demonstrate a global bias, Namibian adults living in traditional villages possess a strong local bias. Furthermore, environmental effects on local-global bias have been shown to be highly gender-specific; whereas urbanisation promoted a global bias in urbanised Namibian women but not men, education promoted a global bias in urbanised Namibian men but not women. Adult populations, however, provide only a snapshot of the gene-environment interactions which shape perceptual bias. Yet, to date, there has been little work on the development of local-global bias across environmental settings. In the current study, local-global bias was assessed using a similarity-matching task with Navon figures in children aged between 4 and 15 years from across three populations: traditional Namibians, urban Namibians, and urban British. For the two Namibian groups, measures of urbanisation and education were obtained. Data were subjected to both between-group and within-group analyses. Between-group analyses compared developmental trajectories across population and gender. These analyses revealed a global bias from even as early as 4 in the British sample, and showed that the developmental onset of a global bias is not fixed. Urbanised Namibian children ultimately developed a global bias that was indistinguishable from British children; however, a global bias did not emerge until much later in development. For all populations, the greatest developmental effects were observed directly following the onset of formal education. No overall gender effects were observed; however, there was a significant gender by age interaction which was difficult to reconcile with existing biological-level accounts of gender differences in the development of local-global bias. Within-group analyses compared the effects of urbanisation and education on local-global bias for traditional and urban Namibian boys and girls separately. For both traditional and urban boys, education mediated all effects of age and urbanisation; however, this was not the case for girls. Traditional Namibian girls retained a local bias regardless of age, education, or urbanisation, and in urbanised girls, the development of a global bias was not attributable to any one factor specifically. These results are broadly consistent with aforementioned findings that education promoted a global bias in urbanised Namibian men but not women. The development of local-global bias does not follow a fixed trajectory but is subject to environmental control. Understanding how variability in the development of local-global bias might arise, particularly in the context of gender, may have far-reaching implications. For example, a number of educationally important cognitive functions (e.g., spatial ability) are known to show consistent gender differences in childhood and local-global bias may mediate some of these effects. With education becoming an increasingly prevalent force across much of the developing world it will be important to understand the processes that underpin its effects and their implications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross-cultural" title="cross-cultural">cross-cultural</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title=" gender"> gender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local-global%20bias" title=" local-global bias"> local-global bias</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perception" title=" perception"> perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urbanisation" title=" urbanisation"> urbanisation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urbanization" title=" urbanization"> urbanization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100969/the-development-of-local-global-perceptual-bias-across-cultures-examining-the-effects-of-gender-education-and-urbanisation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100969.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5199</span> 21st Century Islam: Global Challenges of Islamic Representation and Knowledge Acquisition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20M.%20Muhammed">M. M. Muhammed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Khuzaima"> O. Khuzaima</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research examined and outlined some of the challenges facing Islam and Muslims in the 21<sup>st</sup> century, considering global Islamic representation and knowledge acquisition as key objectives. It was observed that the Western media misrepresentation of Islam and the Western ethos embodied by the acquisition of western civilisation are major challenges faced by Islam and Muslims today. The problem of sectarianism, decline in the socio-economic power of Muslim communities and the archaic nature of the Islamic creed were recorded as major actors to the evolving global Islamic issues. It was therefore concluded that Islam is not the reason for these challenges, rather the action of some Muslims and non-Muslims were the contributing factors to the pandemics faced by Islam and Muslims. Some relevant recommendations were made to the Islamic world that could serve as effectual solutions to these lingering problems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=challenges" title=" challenges"> challenges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=representation" title=" representation"> representation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge" title=" knowledge"> knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=century" title=" century"> century</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global" title=" global"> global</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=twenty-first" title=" twenty-first"> twenty-first</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105057/21st-century-islam-global-challenges-of-islamic-representation-and-knowledge-acquisition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105057.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">232</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5198</span> Beyond Learning Classrooms: An Undergraduate Experience at Instituto Politecnico Nacional Mexico</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jorge%20Sandoval%20Lezama">Jorge Sandoval Lezama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arturo%20Ivan%20Sandoval%20Rodriguez"> Arturo Ivan Sandoval Rodriguez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jose%20Arturo%20Correa%20Arredondo"> Jose Arturo Correa Arredondo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work aims to share innovative educational experiences at IPN Mexico, that involve collaborative learning at institutional and global level through course competition and global collaboration projects. Students from universities in China, USA, South Korea, Canada and Mexico collaborate to design electric vehicles to solve global urban mobility problems. The participation of IPN students in the 2015-2016 global competition (São Paolo, Brazil and Cincinnati, USA) Reconfigurable Shared-Use Mobility Systems allowed to apply pedagogical strategies of groups of collaboration and of learning based on projects where they shared activities, commitments and goals, demonstrating that students were motivated to develop / self-generate their knowledge with greater meaning and understanding. One of the most evident achievements is that the students are self-managed, so the most advanced students train the students who join the project with CAD, CAE, CAM tools. Likewise, the motivation achieved is evident since in 2014 there were 12 students involved in the project, and there are currently more than 70 students. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collaboration%20projects" title="collaboration projects">collaboration projects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20competency" title=" global competency"> global competency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=course%20competition" title=" course competition"> course competition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active%20learning" title=" active learning"> active learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70480/beyond-learning-classrooms-an-undergraduate-experience-at-instituto-politecnico-nacional-mexico" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70480.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">275</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5197</span> Understanding Narrative Transformations of Ebola in Negotiations of Epidemic Risk</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20W.%20Paul">N. W. Paul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Banerjee"> M. Banerjee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Discussing the nexus between global health policy and local practices, this article addresses the recent Ebola outbreak as a role model for narrative co-constructions of epidemic risk. We will demonstrate in how far a theory-driven and methodologically rooted analysis of narrativity can help to improve mechanisms of prevention and intervention whenever epidemic risk needs to be addressed locally in order to contribute to global health. Analyzing the narrative transformation of Ebola, we will also address issues of transcultural problem-solving and of normative questions at stake. In this regard, we seek to contribute to a better understanding of a key question of global health and justice as well as to the underlying ethical questions. By highlighting and analyzing the functions of narratives, this paper provides a translational approach to refine our practices by which we address epidemic risk, be it on the national, the transnational or the global scale. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ebola" title="ebola">ebola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epidemic%20risk" title=" epidemic risk"> epidemic risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20ethics" title=" medical ethics"> medical ethics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20humanities" title=" medical humanities"> medical humanities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39538/understanding-narrative-transformations-of-ebola-in-negotiations-of-epidemic-risk" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39538.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">450</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5196</span> Combined Effect of Global Warming and Water Structures on Rivers’ Water Quality and Aquatic Life: Case Study of Esna Barrage on the Nile River in Egypt</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sherine%20A.%20El%20Baradei">Sherine A. El Baradei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Global warming and climatic change are very important topics that are being studied and investigated nowadays as they have lots of diverse impacts on mankind, water quality, aquatic life, wildlife,…etc. Also, many water and hydraulics structures like dams and barrages are being built every day to satisfy water consumption needs, irrigation purposes and power generating purposes. Each of global warming and water structures alone has diversity of impacts on water quality and aquatic life in rivers. This research is investigating the dual combined effect of both water structures and global warming on the water quality and aquatic life through mathematical modeling. A case study of the Esna Barrage on the Nile River in Egypt is being studied. This research study is taking into account the effects of both seasons; namely, winter and summer and their effects on air and hence water temperature of the Nile reach under study. To do so, the study is conducted on the last 23 years to investigate the effect of global warming and climatic change on the studied river water. The mathematical model is then combining the dual effect of the Esna barrage and the global warming on the water quality; as well as, on aquatic life of the Nile reach under study. From the results of the mathematical model, it could be concluded that the dual effect of water structures and global warming is very negative on the water quality and the aquatic life in rivers upstream those structures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquatic%20life" title="aquatic life">aquatic life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=barrages" title=" barrages"> barrages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climatic%20change" title=" climatic change"> climatic change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dissolved%20oxygen" title=" dissolved oxygen"> dissolved oxygen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20warming" title=" global warming"> global warming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=river" title=" river"> river</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20quality" title=" water quality"> water quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20structures" title=" water structures"> water structures</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55379/combined-effect-of-global-warming-and-water-structures-on-rivers-water-quality-and-aquatic-life-case-study-of-esna-barrage-on-the-nile-river-in-egypt" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55379.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">367</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5195</span> A Global Organizational Theory for the 21st Century</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Troy%20A.%20Tyre">Troy A. Tyre</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Organizational behavior and organizational change are elements of the ever-changing global business environment. Leadership and organizational behavior are 21st century disciplines. Network marketing organizations need to understand the ever-changing nature of global business and be ready and willing to adapt to the environment. Network marketing organizations have a challenge keeping up with a rapid escalation in global growth. Network marketing growth has been steady and global. Network marketing organizations have been slow to develop a 21st century global strategy to manage the rapid escalation of growth degrading organizational behavior, job satisfaction, increasing attrition, and degrading customer service. Development of an organizational behavior and leadership theory for the 21st century to help network marketing develops a global business strategy to manage the rapid escalation in growth that affects organizational behavior. Managing growth means organizational leadership must develop and adapt to the organizational environment. Growth comes with an open mind and one’s departure from the comfort zone. Leadership growth operates in the tacit dimension. Systems thinking and adaptation of mental models can help shift organizational behavior. Shifting the organizational behavior requires organizational learning. Organizational learning occurs through single-loop, double-loop, and triple-loop learning. Triple-loop learning is the most difficult, but the most rewarding. Tools such as theory U can aid in developing a landscape for organizational behavioral development. Additionally, awareness to espoused and portrayed actions is imperatives. Theories of motivation, cross-cultural diversity, and communications are instrumental in founding an organizational behavior suited for the 21st century. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global" title="global">global</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leadership" title=" leadership"> leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20marketing" title=" network marketing"> network marketing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20behavior" title=" organizational behavior"> organizational behavior</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23480/a-global-organizational-theory-for-the-21st-century" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23480.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">553</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5194</span> The Global-Local Dimension in Cognitive Control after Left Lateral Prefrontal Cortex Damage: Evidence from the Non-Verbal Domain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eleni%20Peristeri">Eleni Peristeri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Georgia%20Fotiadou"> Georgia Fotiadou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ianthi-Maria%20Tsimpli"> Ianthi-Maria Tsimpli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The local-global dimension has been studied extensively in healthy controls and preference for globally processed stimuli has been validated in both the visual and auditory modalities. Critically, the local-global dimension has an inherent interference resolution component, a type of cognitive control, and left-prefrontal-cortex-damaged (LPFC) individuals have exhibited inability to override habitual response behaviors in item recognition tasks that involve representational interference. Eight patients with damage in the left PFC (age range: 32;5 to 69;0. Mean age: 54;6 yrs) and twenty age- and education-matched language-unimpaired adults (mean age: 56;7yrs) have participated in the study. Distinct performance patterns were found between the language-unimpaired and the LPFC-damaged group which have mainly stemmed from the latter’s difficulty with inhibiting global stimuli in incongruent trials. Overall, the local-global attentional dimension affects LPFC-damaged individuals with non-fluent aphasia in non-language domains implicating distinct types of inhibitory processes depending on the level of processing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=left%20lateral%20prefrontal%20cortex%20damage%20%28LPFC%29" title="left lateral prefrontal cortex damage (LPFC)">left lateral prefrontal cortex damage (LPFC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local-global%20non-language%20attention" title=" local-global non-language attention"> local-global non-language attention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=representational%20interference" title=" representational interference"> representational interference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-fluent%20aphasia" title=" non-fluent aphasia"> non-fluent aphasia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14104/the-global-local-dimension-in-cognitive-control-after-left-lateral-prefrontal-cortex-damage-evidence-from-the-non-verbal-domain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14104.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">468</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5193</span> From the Local to the Global: New Terrorism </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shamila%20Ahmed">Shamila Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper examines how the fluidity between the local level and the global level is an intrinsic feature of new terrorism. Through using cosmopolitanism, the narratives of the two opposing sides of ISIS and the ‘war on terrorism’ response are explored. It is demonstrated how the fluidity between these levels facilitates the radicalisation process through exploring how groups such as ISIS highlight the perceived injustices against Muslims locally and globally and therefore exploit the globalisation process which has reduced the space between these levels. Similarly, it is argued that the ‘war on terror’ involves the intersection of fear, security, threat, risk and social control as features of both the international ‘war on terror’ and intra state policies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=terrorism" title="terrorism">terrorism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=war%20on%20terror" title=" war on terror"> war on terror</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cosmopolitanism" title=" cosmopolitanism"> cosmopolitanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20level%20terrorism" title=" global level terrorism"> global level terrorism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28001/from-the-local-to-the-global-new-terrorism" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28001.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">584</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5192</span> Governing Urban Water Infrasystems: A Case Study of Los Angeles in the Context of Global Frameworks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joachim%20Monkelbaan">Joachim Monkelbaan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcia%20Hale"> Marcia Hale</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Now that global frameworks for sustainability governance (e.g. the Sustainable Development Goals, Paris Climate Agreement and Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction) are in place, the question is how these aspirations that represent major transitions can be put into practice. Water ‘infrasystems’ can play an especially significant role in strengthening regional sustainability. Infrasystems include both hard and soft infrastructure, such as pipes and technology for delivering water, as well as the institutions and governance models that direct its delivery. As such, an integrated infrasystems view is crucial for Integrative Water Management (IWM). Due to frequently contested ownership of and responsibility for water resources, these infrasystems can also play an important role in facilitating conflict and catalysing community empowerment, especially through participatory approaches to governance. In this paper, we analyze the water infrasystem of the Los Angeles region through the lens of global frameworks for sustainability governance. By complementing a solid overview of governance theories with empirical data from interviews with water actors in the LA metropolitan region (including NGOs, water managers, scientists and elected officials), this paper elucidates ways for this infrasystem to be better aligned with global sustainability frameworks. In addition, it opens up the opportunity to scrutinize the appropriateness of global frameworks when it comes to fostering sustainability action at the local level. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=governance" title="governance">governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transitions" title=" transitions"> transitions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20frameworks" title=" global frameworks"> global frameworks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infrasystems" title=" infrasystems"> infrasystems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48236/governing-urban-water-infrasystems-a-case-study-of-los-angeles-in-the-context-of-global-frameworks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48236.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">245</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5191</span> Study of the Best Algorithm to Estimate Sunshine Duration from Global Radiation on Horizontal Surface for Tropical Region</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tovondahiniriko%20Fanjirindratovo">Tovondahiniriko Fanjirindratovo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olga%20Ramiarinjanahary"> Olga Ramiarinjanahary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paulisimone%20Rasoavonjy"> Paulisimone Rasoavonjy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The sunshine duration, which is the sum of all the moments when the solar beam radiation is up to a minimal value, is an important parameter for climatology, tourism, agriculture and solar energy. Its measure is usually given by a pyrheliometer installed on a two-axis solar tracker. Due to the high cost of this device and the availability of global radiation on a horizontal surface, on the other hand, several studies have been done to make a correlation between global radiation and sunshine duration. Most of these studies are fitted for the northern hemisphere using a pyrheliometric database. The aim of the present work is to list and assess all the existing methods and apply them to Reunion Island, a tropical region in the southern hemisphere. Using a database of ten years, global, diffuse and beam radiation for a horizontal surface are employed in order to evaluate the uncertainty of existing algorithms for a tropical region. The methodology is based on indirect comparison because the solar beam radiation is not measured but calculated by the beam radiation on a horizontal surface and the sun elevation angle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carpentras%20method" title="Carpentras method">Carpentras method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20fitting" title=" data fitting"> data fitting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20radiation" title=" global radiation"> global radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sunshine%20duration" title=" sunshine duration"> sunshine duration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Slob%20and%20Monna%20algorithm" title=" Slob and Monna algorithm"> Slob and Monna algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=step%20algorithm" title=" step algorithm"> step algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156033/study-of-the-best-algorithm-to-estimate-sunshine-duration-from-global-radiation-on-horizontal-surface-for-tropical-region" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156033.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">126</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5190</span> Perceived Family Functioning 12 Months after the COVID-19 Outbreak Has Been Declared a Global Pandemic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Snezana%20Svetozarevic">Snezana Svetozarevic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the research was to determine whether there were significant changes in perceptions of family functioning by families in Serbia 12 months after the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak has been declared a global pandemic. Above all, what has protected families in the face of the global crisis caused by COVID-19. The Self-Report Family Inventory, II version (SFI-II; Beavers and Hampson, 2013) and the Inventory of Family Protective Factors (IFPF; Gardner et al., 2008) were used to assess family functioning and protective factors. Currently, families perceive their functioning as more problematic regarding family emotional expressiveness, conflict, cohesion, and global family health/competence. Adaptive appraisal based on positive coping experiences significantly predicted values on emotional expressiveness, conflict, leadership, and global family health/competence dimensions -a higher prevalence of this factor was associated with more optimal family functioning and fewer problems. The growing problem in family functioning with the beginning of the pandemic is inevitable. However, our research confirmed that it is not enough to take into account what families do to survive. It is equally important to learn about what they do to thrive i.e., to study the family resilience. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family" title="family">family</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coping" title=" coping"> coping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resilience" title=" resilience"> resilience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pandemic" title=" pandemic"> pandemic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title=" COVID-19"> COVID-19</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138159/perceived-family-functioning-12-months-after-the-covid-19-outbreak-has-been-declared-a-global-pandemic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138159.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info 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