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href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E5%8E%8B%E5%BC%BA" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E5%8E%8B%E5%BC%BA" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-單位" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#單位"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>單位</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-單位-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-压强与能量密度" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#压强与能量密度"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>压强与能量密度</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-压强与能量密度-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-压力检测办法" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#压力检测办法"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>压力检测办法</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-压力检测办法-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关压力检测办法子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-压力检测办法-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-压力表分类" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#压力表分类"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>压力表分类</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-压力表分类-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-相關意義" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#相關意義"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>相關意義</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-相關意義-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考文獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考文獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>參考文獻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考文獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">压强</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。110种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-110" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">110种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Druk" title="Druk – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Druk" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Druck_(Physik)" title="Druck (Physik) – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Druck (Physik)" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B6%D8%BA%D8%B7" title="ضغط – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ضغط" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B6%D8%BA%D8%B7" title="ضغط – 摩洛哥阿拉伯文" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="ضغط" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="摩洛哥阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presi%C3%B3n" title="Presión – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Presión" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C9%99zyiq" title="Təzyiq – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Təzyiq" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%82%DB%8C" title="باسقی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="باسقی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presyon" title="Presyon – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Presyon" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Ціск – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ціск" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Ціск – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ціск" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tekenan" title="Tekenan – 貝塔維文" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Tekenan" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="貝塔維文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Налягане – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Налягане" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%AD%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%EA%A9%BB%E1%80%94%E1%80%BB%EA%A9%BB%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC%E1%82%8F" title="တိက်ꩻနျꩻအာႏ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="တိက်ꩻနျꩻအာႏ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA" title="চাপ – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="চাপ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pritisak" title="Pritisak – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Pritisak" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressi%C3%B3" title="Pressió – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pressió" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%95%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="پەستان – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پەستان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tlak" title="Tlak – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Tlak" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwasgedd" title="Gwasgedd – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gwasgedd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tryk_(fysik)" title="Tryk (fysik) – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tryk (fysik)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Druck_(Physik)" title="Druck (Physik) – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Druck (Physik)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%B7" title="Πίεση – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πίεση" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure" title="Pressure – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Pressure" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premo" title="Premo – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Premo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presi%C3%B3n" title="Presión – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Presión" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B5hk" title="Rõhk – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rõhk" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presio" title="Presio – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Presio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="فشار – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فشار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paine" title="Paine – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Paine" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pression" title="Pression – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pression" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Druk" title="Druk – 北弗里西亚语" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Druk" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%BA" title="Brú – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Brú" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presi%C3%B3n" title="Presión – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Presión" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%97%D7%A5" title="לחץ – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לחץ" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC" title="दाब – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="दाब" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tlak" title="Tlak – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Tlak" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presyon" title="Presyon – 海地克里奥尔语" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Presyon" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地克里奥尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyom%C3%A1s" title="Nyomás – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Nyomás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%83%D5%B6%D5%B7%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Ճնշում – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ճնշում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pression" title="Pression – 国际语" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Pression" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="国际语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tekanan" title="Tekanan – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tekanan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preso" title="Preso – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Preso" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressione" title="Pressione – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pressione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%A7%E5%8A%9B" title="圧力 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="圧力" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AC%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%90" title="წნევა – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="წნევა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adad" title="Adad – 卡拜尔语" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Adad" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="卡拜尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BC" title="Қысым – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қысым" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%92%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%A1" title="ಒತ್ತಡ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಒತ್ತಡ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%95%EB%A0%A5" title="압력 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="압력" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%8E%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%88" title="دَباو – 克什米尔语" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="دَباو" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="克什米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BC_(%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA)" title="Басым (физикалык) – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Басым (физикалык)" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressio" title="Pressio – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Pressio" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr%C3%B6k" title="Drök – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Drök" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sl%C4%97gis" title="Slėgis – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Slėgis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiediens" title="Spiediens – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Spiediens" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsindry_(fizika)" title="Tsindry (fizika) – 马拉加斯语" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Tsindry (fizika)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="马拉加斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Притисок – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Притисок" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%82" title="മർദ്ദം – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മർദ്ദം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82" title="Даралт – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Даралт" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC" title="दाब – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="दाब" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tekanan" title="Tekanan – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tekanan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%96%E1%80%AD%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="ဖိအား – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဖိအား" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%88%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%BE" title="Лепштямо – 厄尔兹亚语" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Лепштямо" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="厄尔兹亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A8" title="سیب – 马赞德兰语" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="سیب" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="马赞德兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Druck_(Physik)" title="Druck (Physik) – 低地德语" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Druck (Physik)" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA" title="चाप – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="चाप" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA" title="चाप – 尼瓦尔语" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="चाप" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="尼瓦尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Druk_(grootheid)" title="Druk (grootheid) – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Druk (grootheid)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trykk" title="Trykk – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Trykk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trykk" title="Trykk – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Trykk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pression" title="Pression – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Pression" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhiibbaa" title="Dhiibbaa – 奥罗莫语" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Dhiibbaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="奥罗莫语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preshon" title="Preshon – 帕皮阿门托语" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Preshon" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="帕皮阿门托语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ci%C5%9Bnienie" title="Ciśnienie – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ciśnienie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pression" title="Pression – 皮埃蒙特文" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Pression" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="皮埃蒙特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Press%C3%A3o" title="Pressão – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pressão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91it%27iy" title="Ñit'iy – 克丘亚语" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ñit'iy" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="克丘亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presiune" title="Presiune – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Presiune" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Давление – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Давление" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prissioni" title="Prissioni – 西西里语" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Prissioni" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="西西里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressur" title="Pressur – 苏格兰语" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Pressur" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="苏格兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%BB%D8%A7%D8%A1%D9%8F_(%D9%81%D8%B2%DA%AA%D8%B3)" title="دٻاءُ (فزڪس) – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="دٻاءُ (فزڪس)" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tlak" title="Tlak – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Tlak" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure" title="Pressure – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Pressure" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tlak" title="Tlak – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Tlak" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tlak" title="Tlak – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Tlak" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puresha" title="Puresha – 绍纳语" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Puresha" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="绍纳语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadaadis" title="Cadaadis – 索马里语" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Cadaadis" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索马里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shtypja" title="Shtypja – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shtypja" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Притисак – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Притисак" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tekenan" title="Tekenan – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Tekenan" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tryck" title="Tryck – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Tryck" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shinikizo" title="Shinikizo – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Shinikizo" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="அழுத்தம் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அழுத்தம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%82" title="పీడనం – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="పీడనం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="ความดัน – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ความดัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presyon" title="Presyon – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Presyon" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bas%C4%B1n%C3%A7" title="Basınç – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Basınç" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BC" title="Басым – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Басым" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%90%D8%B3%D9%89%D9%85" title="بېسىم – 维吾尔语" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="بېسىم" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="维吾尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Тиск – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тиск" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A4" title="دباؤ – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="دباؤ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosim" title="Bosim – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Bosim" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81p_su%E1%BA%A5t" title="Áp suất – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Áp suất" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presyon" title="Presyon – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Presyon" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8E%8B%E5%BC%BA" title="压强 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="压强" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A7" title="דרוק – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="דרוק" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A3%93%E5%BC%B7" title="壓強 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="壓強" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ap-le%CC%8Dk" title="Ap-le̍k – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ap-le̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B" title="壓力 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="壓力" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pressure" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q39552" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-noteTA-db25b82a" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span title="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换"><img alt="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/35px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/53px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/70px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84833064">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span><style 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.ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Refimprove plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tango-nosources.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/45px-Tango-nosources.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/68px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/90px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>需要补充更多<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">来源</a></b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2018年10月13日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>请协助補充多方面<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">可靠来源</a>以<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%8E%8B%E5%BC%BA&action=edit">改善这篇条目</a>，<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E4%BE%9B%E6%9F%A5%E8%AF%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:可供查证">无法查证</a>的内容可能會因為<a href="/wiki/Template:Fact" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Fact">异议提出</a>而被移除。<br />致使用者：请搜索一下条目的标题（来源搜索：<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?&as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22%E5%8E%8B%E5%BC%BA%22">"压强"</a> — <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?q=%22%E5%8E%8B%E5%BC%BA%22">网页</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=&as_src=-newswire+-wire+-presswire+-PR+-press+-release+-wikipedia&q=%22%E5%8E%8B%E5%BC%BA%22">新闻</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?&as_brr=0&as_pub=-icon&q=%22%E5%8E%8B%E5%BC%BA%22">书籍</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//scholar.google.com/scholar?&q=%22%E5%8E%8B%E5%BC%BA%22">学术</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&safe=off&q=%22%E5%8E%8B%E5%BC%BA%22">图像</a></span>），以检查网络上是否存在该主题的更多可靠来源（<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">判定指引</a>）。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.sidebar-below{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar a:not(.new):not(.mw-selflink):link{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84913072"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84913072"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84913072"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84913072"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84913072"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84913072"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="热力学">热力学</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%AF%BA%E7%83%AD%E6%9C%BA" title="卡诺热机"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Carnot_heat_engine_2.svg/220px-Carnot_heat_engine_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Carnot_heat_engine_2.svg/330px-Carnot_heat_engine_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Carnot_heat_engine_2.svg/440px-Carnot_heat_engine_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="840" data-file-height="370" /></a></span><div class="sidebar-caption" style="padding-bottom:0.65em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;">经典的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%AF%BA%E7%83%AD%E6%9C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="卡诺热机">卡诺热机</a><br />T（<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E5%BA%AB" title="熱庫">熱庫</a>）、Q（<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E9%87%8F" title="熱量">熱量</a>）、W（<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%9F" title="功">功</a>）<br /> <sub>H</sub>（高溫）、<sub>C</sub>（低溫）</div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6#分支学科" title="热力学">分支</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="热力学">经典</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="统计力学">统计</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="化学热力学">化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="量子热力学">量子热力学</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="平衡热力学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Equilibrium thermodynamics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%B3%E8%A1%A1%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="平衡热力学（页面不存在）">平衡</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equilibrium_thermodynamics" class="extiw" title="en:Equilibrium thermodynamics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Equilibrium thermodynamics</span></a></span>）</span></span> / <a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E5%B9%B3%E8%A1%A1%E6%85%8B%E7%86%B1%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" title="非平衡態熱力學">非平衡</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6#熱力學定律" title="热力学">定律</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%E7%AC%AC%E9%9B%B6%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="热力学第零定律">第零</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="热力学第一定律">第一</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="热力学第二定律">第二</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="热力学第三定律">第三</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="热力学系统">系统</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%81%E9%96%89%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="封閉系統">封閉系統</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%A4%E7%AB%8B%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="孤立系統">孤立系統</a></li></ul> <table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8%E7%8B%80%E6%85%8B" title="熱力學狀態">状态</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B6%E6%80%81%E6%96%B9%E7%A8%8B" title="状态方程">状态方程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%86%E6%83%B3%E6%B0%A3%E9%AB%94" title="理想氣體">理想氣體</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A6%E9%9A%9B%E6%B0%A3%E9%AB%94" title="實際氣體">實際氣體</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8%E7%8A%B6%E6%80%81" title="物质状态">相 / 物质状态</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8%E5%B9%B3%E8%A1%A1" title="熱力學平衡">平衡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E9%AB%94%E7%A9%8D" title="控制體積">控制體積</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="热力学仪器" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Thermodynamic instruments"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%E4%BB%AA%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="热力学仪器（页面不存在）">仪器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_instruments" class="extiw" title="en:Thermodynamic instruments"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Thermodynamic instruments</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B" title="热力学过程">过程</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AD%89%E5%8E%8B%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B" title="等压过程">等压</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AD%89%E5%AE%B9%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B" title="等容过程">等体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AD%89%E6%B8%A9%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B" title="等温过程">等温</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%9D%E7%83%AD%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B" title="绝热过程">绝热</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AD%89%E7%86%B5%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B" title="等熵过程">等熵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AD%89%E7%84%93%E9%81%8E%E7%A8%8B" title="等焓過程">等焓</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%96%E9%9D%9C%E6%85%8B%E9%81%8E%E7%A8%8B" title="準靜態過程">准静态</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E6%96%B9%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B" title="多方过程">多方</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%86%A8%E8%84%B9" title="自由膨脹">自由膨脹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E9%80%86%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B" title="可逆过程">可逆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%8F%AF%E9%80%86%E6%80%A7" title="不可逆性">不可逆</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%85%E5%8F%AF%E9%80%86%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="内可逆热力学（页面不存在）">内可逆</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF" title="热力学循环">循环</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E6%9C%BA" title="热机">热机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E6%B3%B5%E5%8F%8A%E5%86%B7%E5%87%8D%E5%BE%AA%E7%92%B0" title="熱泵及冷凍循環">热泵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E6%95%88%E7%8E%87" title="热效率">热效率</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8%E6%80%A7%E8%B3%AA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="熱力學性質列表">系统性质</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8%E5%9C%96" title="熱力學圖">性质图</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A7%E5%90%AB%E5%8F%8A%E5%A4%96%E5%BB%B6%E6%80%A7%E8%B3%AA" title="內含及外延性質">强度和广延性质</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%80%81%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0" title="态函数">状态函数</a><br /><small>（<i>斜体</i><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E8%BB%9B%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E9%87%8F_(%E7%86%B1%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8)" title="共軛物理量 (熱力學)">共軛物理量</a>）</small></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%E6%B8%A9%E5%BA%A6" title="热力学温度">温度</a> / <i><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B5" title="熵">熵</a></i></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="熵的简介" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Introduction to entropy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%86%B5%E7%9A%84%E7%AE%80%E4%BB%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="熵的简介（页面不存在）">熵的简介</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction_to_entropy" class="extiw" title="en:Introduction to entropy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Introduction to entropy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">压强</a> / <i><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%94%E7%A9%8D_(%E7%86%B1%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8)" title="體積 (熱力學)">体积</a></i></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%8A%BF" title="化学势">化学势</a> / <i><a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90%E6%95%B8" title="粒子數">粒子數</a></i></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%B8%E6%B0%A3%E9%87%8F" title="蒸氣量">蒸氣量</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%94%E6%80%A7%E8%B4%A8" title="对比性质">简化性质</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%81%8E%E7%A8%8B%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B8" title="過程函數">過程函數</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="功 (热力学)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Work (thermodynamics)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%9F_(%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="功 (热力学)（页面不存在）">功</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Work_(thermodynamics)" class="extiw" title="en:Work (thermodynamics)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Work (thermodynamics)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E9%87%8F" title="熱量">热</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E6%80%A7%E8%B4%A8_(%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6)" title="材料性质 (热力学)">材料性质</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"><div style="text-align:center;font-size:90%;"> <table> <tbody><tr><td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E5%AE%B9%E9%87%8F" title="熱容量">比热容</a> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle c=}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>c</mi> <mo>=</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle c=}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/891d40a9b18752b04065caee655d008b3ec11428" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.46ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle c=}"></span></td> <td><table><tbody><tr><td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle T}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>T</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle T}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ec7200acd984a1d3a3d7dc455e262fbe54f7f6e0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.636ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle T}"></span></td><td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \partial S}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">∂</mi> <mi>S</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \partial S}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c609f4d3c5692ea4495479ef47594dc67f9fa464" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.817ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \partial S}"></span></td></tr><tr><td style="border-top:solid 1px black;"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle N}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>N</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle N}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f5e3890c981ae85503089652feb48b191b57aae3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.064ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle N}"></span></td><td style="border-top:solid 1px black;"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \partial T}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">∂</mi> <mi>T</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \partial T}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/504aa558fff3d00d10b03cadb1085cb0b7bdc631" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.954ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \partial T}"></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr> <tr><td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%8B%E7%BC%A9%E6%80%A7" title="压缩性">压缩性</a> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \beta =-}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>β</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo>−</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \beta =-}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b01c042bf1456bd4d2a8caed1f4912820a7ecbb3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:6.239ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \beta =-}"></span></td> <td><table><tbody><tr><td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 1}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>1</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 1}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/92d98b82a3778f043108d4e20960a9193df57cbf" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.162ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 1}"></span></td><td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \partial V}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">∂</mi> <mi>V</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \partial V}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0cecdd9d069fa84159940068fc11a91b6b3b9ee4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.105ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \partial V}"></span></td></tr><tr><td style="border-top:solid 1px black;"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>V</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/af0f6064540e84211d0ffe4dac72098adfa52845" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.787ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V}"></span></td><td style="border-top:solid 1px black;"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \partial p}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">∂</mi> <mi>p</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \partial p}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ebc4a48eb2412f08b54fe438b5139c88f9cfa372" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.487ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \partial p}"></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr> <tr><td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E8%83%80%E5%86%B7%E7%BC%A9" title="热胀冷缩">热膨胀</a> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \alpha =}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>α</mi> <mo>=</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \alpha =}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a92d4583d351f08c1c70985f0c843b2fff1b01e7" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.941ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \alpha =}"></span></td> <td><table><tbody><tr><td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 1}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>1</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 1}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/92d98b82a3778f043108d4e20960a9193df57cbf" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.162ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 1}"></span></td><td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \partial V}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">∂</mi> <mi>V</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \partial V}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0cecdd9d069fa84159940068fc11a91b6b3b9ee4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.105ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \partial V}"></span></td></tr><tr><td style="border-top:solid 1px black;"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>V</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/af0f6064540e84211d0ffe4dac72098adfa52845" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.787ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V}"></span></td><td style="border-top:solid 1px black;"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \partial T}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">∂</mi> <mi>T</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \partial T}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/504aa558fff3d00d10b03cadb1085cb0b7bdc631" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.954ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \partial T}"></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr> </tbody></table></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%AF%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8%E7%9A%84%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="纯物质的热力学数据库（页面不存在）">性质数据库</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="热力学方程" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Thermodynamic equations"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8%E6%96%B9%E7%A8%8B" title="熱力學方程">方程</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_equations" class="extiw" title="en:Thermodynamic equations"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Thermodynamic equations</span></a></span>）</span></span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%AB%BE%E5%AE%9A%E7%90%86_(%E7%86%B1%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8)" title="卡諾定理 (熱力學)">卡诺定理</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E5%8A%B3%E4%BF%AE%E6%96%AF%E5%AE%9A%E7%90%86" title="克劳修斯定理">克劳修斯定理</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB" title="热力学基本关系">基本关系</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%86%E6%83%B3%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93%E7%8A%B6%E6%80%81%E6%96%B9%E7%A8%8B" title="理想气体状态方程">理想气体定律</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E9%9F%A6%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB%E5%BC%8F" title="麦克斯韦关系式">麦克斯韦关系</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%82%E8%90%A8%E6%A0%BC%E5%80%92%E6%98%93%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB" title="昂萨格倒易关系">昂萨格倒易关系</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E5%A5%87%E6%9B%BC%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%E6%96%B9%E7%A8%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="布里奇曼热力学方程（页面不存在）">布里奇曼热力学方程</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%E6%96%B9%E7%A8%8B%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="热力学方程表（页面不存在）">热力学方程表</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%E5%8A%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="热力学势">势</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%83%BD" title="热力学自由能">自由能</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E7%86%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自由熵（页面不存在）">自由熵</a></li></ul> <ul><li><div style="padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em; line-height:1.35em;padding-bottom:0.4em;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E8%83%BD" title="内能">内能</a><br /><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle U(S,V)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>U</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle U(S,V)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/921f33f9c6551562ec836007b035c2de6323d2d6" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:7.912ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle U(S,V)}"></span></div></li></ul> <ul><li><div style="padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em; line-height:1.35em;padding-bottom:0.4em;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%93" title="焓">焓</a><br /><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle H(S,p)=U+pV}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>H</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mi>U</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mi>V</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle H(S,p)=U+pV}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6407d78e5f39d07f70e2414a92e08e2e068519f3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:18.254ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle H(S,p)=U+pV}"></span></div></li></ul> <ul><li><div style="padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em; line-height:1.35em;padding-bottom:0.4em;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A5%E5%A7%86%E9%9C%8D%E5%85%B9%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%83%BD" title="亥姆霍兹自由能">亥姆霍兹自由能</a><br /><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle A(T,V)=U-TS}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>A</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mi>U</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mi>S</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle A(T,V)=U-TS}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5e93692f031ba6484d82731c54db83a69daed3f0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:18.867ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle A(T,V)=U-TS}"></span></div></li></ul> <ul><li><div style="padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em; line-height:1.35em;padding-bottom:0.4em;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%B8%83%E6%96%AF%E8%83%BD" title="吉布斯能">吉布斯能</a><br /><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle G(T,p)=H-TS}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>G</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mi>S</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle G(T,p)=H-TS}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/8dd7a8f0b8ae04963da133e3b202432e1b6caed4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:18.614ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle G(T,p)=H-TS}"></span></div></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;">历史／文化</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%83%AD%E5%92%8C%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="热和统计物理哲学（页面不存在）">哲学</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%86%B5_(%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4%E7%AE%AD%E5%A4%B4)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="熵 (时间箭头)（页面不存在）">熵与时间</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%86%B5%E4%B8%8E%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="熵与生活（页面不存在）">熵与生活</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E6%9C%97%E6%A3%98%E8%BC%AA" title="布朗棘輪">布朗棘轮</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E9%9F%A6%E5%A6%96" title="麦克斯韦妖">麦克斯韦妖</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%83%AD%E5%AF%82%E4%BD%AF%E8%B0%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="热寂佯谬（页面不存在）">热寂佯谬</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%BD%E5%AF%86%E7%89%B9%E4%BD%AF%E8%B0%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="洛施密特佯谬（页面不存在）">洛施密特佯谬</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8F%E5%90%8C%E5%AD%A6" title="协同学">协同学</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> 历史</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2" title="热力学史">总史</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%83%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="热的历史（页面不存在）">热</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%86%B5%E7%9A%84%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="熵的历史（页面不存在）">熵</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="气体定律（页面不存在）">气体定律</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B8%E5%8A%A8%E6%9C%BA%E7%9A%84%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="永动机的历史（页面不存在）">永动机</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> 理论</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E8%B4%A8%E8%AF%B4" title="热质说">热质说</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%BB%E5%8A%9B" title="活力">活力</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%A8%E8%AF%B4" title="热动说">热动说</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9F%E5%BD%93%E9%87%8F" title="热功当量">热功当量</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%A8%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="动力（页面不存在）">动力</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E8%91%97%E4%BD%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="物理著作">关键著作</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><div style="padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em;">《<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%BA%E6%91%A9%E6%93%A6%E6%BF%80%E8%B5%B7%E7%9A%84%E7%83%AD%E6%BA%90" title="论摩擦激起的热源">论摩擦激起的热源</a>》</div></li></ul> <ul><li><div style="padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em;">《<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E%E5%A4%9A%E7%9B%B8%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8%E5%B9%B3%E8%A1%A1" title="关于多相物质平衡">关于多相物质平衡</a>》</div></li></ul> <ul><li><div style="padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em;">《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="论火的动力" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Reflections on the Motive Power of Fire"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AE%BA%E7%81%AB%E7%9A%84%E5%8A%A8%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="论火的动力（页面不存在）">论火的动力</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflections_on_the_Motive_Power_of_Fire" class="extiw" title="en:Reflections on the Motive Power of Fire"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Reflections on the Motive Power of Fire</span></a></span>）</span></span>》</div></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> 年表</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="热力学年表（页面不存在）">热力学</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%83%AD%E6%9C%BA%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="热机技术年表（页面不存在）">热机</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;">科学家</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%98%82%E8%90%A8%E6%A0%BC" title="拉斯·昂萨格">昂萨格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E5%B0%BC%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E4%BC%AF%E5%8A%AA%E5%88%A9" title="丹尼尔·伯努利">伯努利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E8%BF%AA%E6%98%82" title="皮埃尔·迪昂">迪昂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E5%B0%94%E6%9B%BC%C2%B7%E5%86%AF%C2%B7%E4%BA%A5%E5%A7%86%E9%9C%8D%E5%85%B9" title="赫尔曼·冯·亥姆霍兹">亥姆霍兹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%C2%B7%E5%90%89%E5%B8%83%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="约西亚·吉布斯">吉布斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E7%84%A6%E8%80%B3" title="詹姆斯·焦耳">焦耳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E4%B8%81%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E6%8B%89%E8%A5%BF%E5%A5%A5%E5%A4%9A%E9%87%8C" title="康斯坦丁·卡拉西奥多里">卡拉西奥多里</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%8F%A4%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E8%AF%BA" title="尼古拉·卡诺">卡诺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E4%BD%A9%E9%BE%99" title="埃米尔·克拉佩龙">克拉佩龙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E9%81%93%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E5%8A%B3%E4%BF%AE%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="鲁道夫·克劳修斯">克劳修斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E5%85%B0%E9%87%91" class="mw-redirect" title="威廉·兰金">兰金</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%A4%E5%88%A9%E4%B9%8C%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%86%AF%C2%B7%E8%BF%88%E5%B0%94" title="尤利乌斯·冯·迈尔">冯·迈尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%BA%A6%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E9%9F%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="詹姆斯·麦克斯韦">麦克斯韦</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E7%B1%B3%E9%A1%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="约翰·斯米顿（页面不存在）">斯米顿</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%A0%BC%C2%B7%E6%81%A9%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%94" title="格奥尔格·恩斯特·斯塔尔">斯塔尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E4%BB%A3%E5%BC%80%E5%B0%94%E6%96%87%E7%94%B7%E7%88%B5%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E6%B1%A4%E5%A7%86%E6%A3%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="第一代开尔文男爵威廉·汤姆森">开尔文男爵汤姆森</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E7%A6%8F%E5%BE%B7%E4%BC%AF%E7%88%B5%E6%9C%AC%E6%9D%B0%E6%98%8E%C2%B7%E6%B1%A4%E6%99%AE%E6%A3%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="伦福德伯爵本杰明·汤普森">伦福德伯爵汤普森</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E6%B2%83%E7%89%B9%E6%96%AF%E9%A1%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="约翰·沃特斯顿（页面不存在）">沃特斯顿</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%86%B1%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" title="Template:熱力學"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E7%86%B1%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" title="Template talk:熱力學"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E7%86%B1%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:熱力學"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>壓力</b> （<span lang="en">pressure</span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>）是物体间相互挤压而垂直作用在物体表面的一种弹性力<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-中国百科_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-中国百科-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，其作用效果用压力除以受力面积表示，同称<b>压力</b><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-中国百科_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-中国百科-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>（<span lang="en">pressure</span>，常以<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle P}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>P</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle P}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b4dc73bf40314945ff376bd363916a738548d40a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.745ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle P}"></span>为符号），在中国大陆又称<b>压强</b>（如<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="物理学">物理学</a>中通称“压强”<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>、基础教育阶段只称“压强”，而將“压力”一詞指稱「<span lang="en">compressive force</span>」<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>）。壓力可用任意之力單位與面積單位進行測量，但因各学科与历史因素，其单位多样化，如：mmHg、mmH<sub>2</sub>O、torr、Pa、bar、psi、atm、Ba、g/cm<sup>2</sup>、kg/cm<sup>2</sup>、msw、fsw等等。但是，<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="國際單位制">國際單位制</a>以<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1" title="帕斯卡">帕斯卡</a>（每單位<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E6%96%B9%E5%85%AC%E5%B0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="平方公尺">平方公尺</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%9B%E9%A0%93_(%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D)" title="牛頓 (單位)">牛頓</a>）為壓力單位。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%95%E5%B0%8D%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="絕對壓力">絕對壓力</a>為<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%B8%E5%B0%8D%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="相對壓力（页面不存在）">相對壓力</a>（又稱<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%88%E5%BC%8F%E5%A3%93%E5%BC%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="計式壓強（页面不存在）">計式壓強</a>）加上該地<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%A3%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="大氣壓力">大氣壓力</a>。日常生活中用的壓力計，如車胎壓、血壓通常是測量相對壓力<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>壓力在公式中常以英文字母「p」表示。壓力與<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%9B" title="力">力</a>和面積的關係如下：<sup id="cite_ref-Georgia_State_University,_Physics_&_Astronomy_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Georgia_State_University,_Physics_&_Astronomy-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p={\frac {F}{S}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>F</mi> <mi>S</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p={\frac {F}{S}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5550fe7b114b3124114256cba97fe5dfa8d3e499" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:6.934ex; height:5.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p={\frac {F}{S}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>其中:<br /> </p> <ul><li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>p</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/81eac1e205430d1f40810df36a0edffdc367af36" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:1.259ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p}"></span>代表壓力</li> <li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle F}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>F</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle F}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/545fd099af8541605f7ee55f08225526be88ce57" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.741ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle F}"></span>代表垂直作用力</li> <li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle S}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>S</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle S}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4611d85173cd3b508e67077d4a1252c9c05abca2" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.499ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle S}"></span>代表受力面積</li></ul> <p>或寫成<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E5%88%86" title="微分">微分</a>形式： </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p=-\operatorname {d} \!{\mathit {F}}/\operatorname {d} \!{\mathit {S}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> <mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi class="MJX-tex-mathit" mathvariant="italic">F</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> <mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi class="MJX-tex-mathit" mathvariant="italic">S</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p=-\operatorname {d} \!{\mathit {F}}/\operatorname {d} \!{\mathit {S}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/31c3bb4606804d36430bed2bade3e930efdc493c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; margin-right: -0.165ex; width:13.676ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p=-\operatorname {d} \!{\mathit {F}}/\operatorname {d} \!{\mathit {S}}}"></span> </p><p>其中的負號表示力（朝向物體）與法向量的方向（從物體出發）相反。 </p><p>根据上述公式，可以推导出计算<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%B2%E4%BD%93" title="液体">液体</a>壓力的公式： </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p={\frac {F}{S}}={\frac {G}{S}}={\frac {mg}{S}}={\frac {\rho Vg}{S}}=\rho gh}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>F</mi> <mi>S</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>G</mi> <mi>S</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mi>g</mi> </mrow> <mi>S</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>ρ</mi> <mi>V</mi> <mi>g</mi> </mrow> <mi>S</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mi>ρ</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mi>h</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p={\frac {F}{S}}={\frac {G}{S}}={\frac {mg}{S}}={\frac {\rho Vg}{S}}=\rho gh}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e80102739942e40a1adb10decb832d00ba0267e5" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:34.582ex; height:5.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p={\frac {F}{S}}={\frac {G}{S}}={\frac {mg}{S}}={\frac {\rho Vg}{S}}=\rho gh}"></span></dd></dl> <p>即： </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p=\rho gh}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>ρ</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mi>h</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p=\rho gh}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e11191b92f271e2570b3d464b1f009f9c897809f" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:8.014ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p=\rho gh}"></span></dd></dl> <p>其中： </p> <ul><li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>p</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/81eac1e205430d1f40810df36a0edffdc367af36" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:1.259ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p}"></span>表示壓力</li> <li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \rho }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>ρ</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \rho }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1f7d439671d1289b6a816e6af7a304be40608d64" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:1.202ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \rho }"></span>表示液體的<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%BA%A6" title="密度">密度</a></li> <li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle g}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>g</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle g}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d3556280e66fe2c0d0140df20935a6f057381d77" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.116ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle g}"></span>表示<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%8A%9B%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%BA%A6" title="重力加速度">重力加速度</a></li> <li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle h}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>h</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle h}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b26be3e694314bc90c3215047e4a2010c6ee184a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.339ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle h}"></span>表示物體表面離液面的距離</li></ul> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="單位"><span id=".E5.96.AE.E4.BD.8D"></span>單位</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8E%8B%E5%BC%BA&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：單位"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>表中等號 = 表示精確值，约等號 ≈ 表示近似值，而恆等號 ≡ 表示定義值。 </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption><b>壓強单位</b> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1" title="帕斯卡">帕斯卡</a>（Pa）</th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4" title="巴">巴</a>（bar）</th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%94%E5%8E%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="工程大气压（页面不存在）">工程大气压</a>（at）</th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%94%E5%8E%8B" title="标准大气压">标准大气压</a>（atm）</th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98" class="mw-disambig" title="托">托</a>（Torr）</th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%85%E5%8A%9B%E6%AF%8F%E5%B9%B3%E6%96%B9%E8%8B%B1%E5%AF%B8" title="磅力每平方英寸">磅力每平方英寸</a>（psi） </th></tr> <tr> <th>1 Pa </th> <td>≡ 1 <a href="/wiki/%E7%89%9B%E9%A0%93_(%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D)" title="牛頓 (單位)">牛顿</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E6%96%B9%E7%B1%B3" title="平方米">平方米</a> </td> <td>= 10<sup>−5</sup> bar </td> <td>≈ 10.197×10<sup>−6</sup> at </td> <td>≈ 9.8692×10<sup>−6</sup> atm </td> <td>≈ 7.5006×10<sup>−3</sup> Torr </td> <td>≈ 145.04×10<sup>−6</sup> psi </td></tr> <tr> <th>1 bar </th> <td>= 100,000 Pa </td> <td>≡ 10<sup>6</sup> <a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E5%9B%A0" title="达因">达因</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E6%96%B9%E5%8E%98%E7%B1%B3" title="平方厘米">平方厘米</a> </td> <td>≈ 1.0197 at </td> <td>≈ 0.98692 atm </td> <td>≈ 750.06 Torr </td> <td>≈ 14.504 psi </td></tr> <tr> <th>1 at </th> <td>= 98,066.5 Pa </td> <td>= 0.980665 bar </td> <td>≡ 1 <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%83%E5%85%8B%E5%8A%9B" title="千克力">千克力</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E6%96%B9%E5%8E%98%E7%B1%B3" title="平方厘米">平方厘米</a> </td> <td>≈ 0.96784 atm </td> <td>≈ 735.56 Torr </td> <td>≈ 14.223 psi </td></tr> <tr> <th>1 atm </th> <td>= 101,325 Pa </td> <td>= 1.01325 bar </td> <td>≈ 1.0332 at </td> <td>≡ 101 325 <a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95" class="mw-redirect" title="帕">帕</a> </td> <td>= 760 Torr </td> <td>≈ 14.696 psi </td></tr> <tr> <th>1 Torr </th> <td>≈ 133.322 Pa </td> <td>≈ 1.3332×10<sup>−3</sup> bar </td> <td>≈ 1.3595×10<sup>−3</sup> at </td> <td>≈ 1.3158×10<sup>−3</sup> atm </td> <td>≡ 1 <a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%AB%E7%B1%B3%E6%B1%9E%E6%9F%B1" title="毫米汞柱">毫米汞柱</a> </td> <td>≈ 19.337×10<sup>−3</sup> psi </td></tr> <tr> <th>1 psi </th> <td>≈ 6,894.76 Pa </td> <td>≈ 68.948×10<sup>−3</sup> bar </td> <td>≈ 70.307×10<sup>−3</sup> at </td> <td>≈ 68.046×10<sup>−3</sup> atm </td> <td>≈ 51.715 Torr </td> <td>≡ 1 <a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%85%E5%8A%9B" title="磅力">磅力</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E6%96%B9%E8%8B%B1%E5%AF%B8" title="平方英寸">平方英寸</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="压强与能量密度"><span id=".E5.8E.8B.E5.BC.BA.E4.B8.8E.E8.83.BD.E9.87.8F.E5.AF.86.E5.BA.A6"></span>压强与能量密度</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8E%8B%E5%BC%BA&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：压强与能量密度"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90%E6%98%9F" title="中子星">中子星</a>的形成条件中，由于压强与能量的体积密度具有相同的<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E7%BA%B2" title="量纲">量纲</a>，有时使用压强来表示能量密度的数值。相关的数学关系可以在<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="统计物理">统计物理</a>学中推得。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="压力检测办法"><span id=".E5.8E.8B.E5.8A.9B.E6.A3.80.E6.B5.8B.E5.8A.9E.E6.B3.95"></span>压力检测办法</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8E%8B%E5%BC%BA&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：压力检测办法"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="压力表分类"><span id=".E5.8E.8B.E5.8A.9B.E8.A1.A8.E5.88.86.E7.B1.BB"></span>压力表分类</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8E%8B%E5%BC%BA&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：压力表分类"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>压力检测仪表按照其转换原理不同，可分为<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B6%B2%E6%9F%B1%E5%BC%8F%E5%8E%8B%E5%8A%9B%E8%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="液柱式压力计（页面不存在）">液柱式</a>、弹性式、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B4%BB%E5%A1%9E%E5%BC%8F%E5%8E%8B%E5%8A%9B%E8%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="活塞式压力计（页面不存在）">活塞式</a>和电气室四大类。 </p><p>它们的工作原理、主要特点、应用场合列表 </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3">压力检测仪表的种类 </td> <td>检测原理 </td> <td>主要特点 </td> <td>用途 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B6%B2%E6%9F%B1%E5%BC%8F%E5%8E%8B%E5%8A%9B%E8%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="液柱式压力计（页面不存在）">液柱式压力计</a> </td> <td colspan="2">U型管压力计 </td> <td rowspan="5">液体静力平衡原理(被测压力与一定高度的工作液体产生的重力相平衡) </td> <td rowspan="5">结构简单、价格低廉、精度较高、使用方便。但测量范围较窄，玻璃易碎 </td> <td rowspan="5">适于低微静压测量，高精确度者可用作基准器，不适于工厂使用 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">单管压力计 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">倾斜管压力计 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">补偿微压计 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">自动液柱式压力计 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4">弹性式压力计 </td> <td colspan="2">弹簧管压力计 </td> <td rowspan="4">弹性元件弹性变形原理 </td> <td>结构简单、牢固,使用方便，价格低廉 </td> <td>用于高、中、低压的测量，应用十分广泛 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">波纹管压力计 </td> <td>具有弹簧管压力表的特点，有的因波纹管位移较大,可制成自动记录型 </td> <td>用于测量400 kPa 以下的压力 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">膜片压力计 </td> <td>除具有弹簧管压力表的特点外，还能测量黏度较大的液体压力 </td> <td>用于测量低压 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">膜盒压力计 </td> <td>用于低压或微压测量，其他特点同弹簧管压力表 </td> <td>用于测量低压或微压 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B4%BB%E5%A1%9E%E5%BC%8F%E5%8E%8B%E5%8A%9B%E8%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="活塞式压力计（页面不存在）">活塞式压力计</a> </td> <td colspan="2">单活塞式压力计 </td> <td rowspan="2">液体静力平衡原理 </td> <td rowspan="2">比较复杂和贵重 </td> <td rowspan="2">用作基准仪器、校验压力表或实现精密测量 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">双活塞式压力计 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="6">电气式压力计 </td> <td rowspan="2">压力传感器 </td> <td>应变式压力传感器 </td> <td>导体或半导体的应变效应原理 </td> <td rowspan="2">将压力转换成电量，并进行远距离传送 </td> <td rowspan="6">用于控制室内集中显示、控制 </td></tr> <tr> <td>霍尔式压力传感器 </td> <td>导体或半导体的霍尔效应 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4">压力(差压) 变送器(分常规式和智能式) </td> <td>力矩平衡式变送器 </td> <td>力矩平衡原理 </td> <td rowspan="4">能将压力表转换成统一标准电信号，并进行远距离传送 </td></tr> <tr> <td>电容式变送器 </td> <td>将压力转换成电容器电容的变化 </td></tr> <tr> <td>电感式变送器 </td> <td>将压力转换成电感的变化 </td></tr> <tr> <td>扩散硅式变送器 </td> <td>将压力转换成硅杯的阻值的变化 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="相關意義"><span id=".E7.9B.B8.E9.97.9C.E6.84.8F.E7.BE.A9"></span>相關意義</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8E%8B%E5%BC%BA&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：相關意義"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>此外，發生在兩個物體接觸表面、垂直於該表面的作用力，亦可稱為壓力。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考文獻"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8D.BB"></span>參考文獻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8E%8B%E5%BC%BA&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：參考文獻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" 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class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2024-08-19</span>]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8E%8B%E5%BC%BA&rft.atitle=%E5%8E%8B%E5%8A%9B&rft.au=%E7%89%9B%E5%AE%B6%E7%8E%89&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%85%A8%E4%B9%A6&rft.date=2022-01-20&rft.edition=3%E7%89%88%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%89%88&rft.genre=bookitem&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zgbk.com%2Fecph%2Fwords%3FSiteID%3D1%26ID%3D251792%26Type%3Dbkzyb%26Preview%3Dfalse&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.termonline.cn/wordDetail?subject=0e0a33a426b411eeb6d6b068e6519520&base=1">压力</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%AD%E5%9C%A8%E7%BA%BF" title="术语在线">术语在线</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%90%8D%E8%AF%8D%E5%AE%A1%E5%AE%9A%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="全国科学技术名词审定委员会">全国科学技术名词审定委员会</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8E%8B%E5%BC%BA&rft.atitle=%E5%8E%8B%E5%8A%9B&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%AD%E5%9C%A8-%7B%7D-%E7%BA%BF&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.termonline.cn%2FwordDetail%3Fsubject%3D0e0a33a426b411eeb6d6b068e6519520%26base%3D1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="中文">（简体中文）</span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.termonline.cn/wordDetail?subject=77e49c4f26ad11eeaa04b068e6519520&base=1">压力</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%AD%E5%9C%A8%E7%BA%BF" title="术语在线">术语在线</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%90%8D%E8%AF%8D%E5%AE%A1%E5%AE%9A%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="全国科学技术名词审定委员会">全国科学技术名词审定委员会</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8E%8B%E5%BC%BA&rft.atitle=%E5%8E%8B%E5%8A%9B&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%AD%E5%9C%A8-%7B%7D-%E7%BA%BF&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.termonline.cn%2FwordDetail%3Fsubject%3D77e49c4f26ad11eeaa04b068e6519520%26base%3D1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="中文">（简体中文）</span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia">李毓昌. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zgbk.com/ecph/words?SiteID=1&ID=110523&Type=bkzyb&Preview=false">压力</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%85%A8%E4%B9%A6" title="中国大百科全书">中国大百科全书</a> 3版网络版. 2024-07-03 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2024-08-19</span>]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8E%8B%E5%BC%BA&rft.atitle=%E5%8E%8B%E5%8A%9B&rft.au=%E6%9D%8E%E6%AF%93%E6%98%8C&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%85%A8%E4%B9%A6&rft.date=2024-07-03&rft.edition=3%E7%89%88%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%89%88&rft.genre=bookitem&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zgbk.com%2Fecph%2Fwords%3FSiteID%3D1%26ID%3D110523%26Type%3Dbkzyb%26Preview%3Dfalse&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.termonline.cn/wordDetail?subject=ea3c366e26a911eea480b068e6519520&base=1">压力</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%AD%E5%9C%A8%E7%BA%BF" title="术语在线">术语在线</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%90%8D%E8%AF%8D%E5%AE%A1%E5%AE%9A%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="全国科学技术名词审定委员会">全国科学技术名词审定委员会</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8E%8B%E5%BC%BA&rft.atitle=%E5%8E%8B%E5%8A%9B&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%AD%E5%9C%A8-%7B%7D-%E7%BA%BF&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.termonline.cn%2FwordDetail%3Fsubject%3Dea3c366e26a911eea480b068e6519520%26base%3D1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="中文">（简体中文）</span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210505090358/http://highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw/wordpress/?p=70795">絕對壓力</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2019-04-20</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw/wordpress/?p=70795">原始内容</a>存档于2021-05-05）.</cite><span 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