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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Нэвтрэх</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B6:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9:MyTalk" title="Энэ IP хаягаас үйлдсэн засваруудын тухай хэлэлцүүлэг [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Хэлэлцүүлэг</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Гарчиг" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Гарчиг</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">хажуугийн цэсэнд шилжүүлэх</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">хумих</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Эхлэл</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Нэр" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Нэр"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Нэр</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Нэр-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Газар_зүй" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Газар_зүй"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Газар зүй</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Газар_зүй-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Газар зүй хэсгийг нээж хаах</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Газар_зүй-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Байрлал" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Байрлал"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Байрлал</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Байрлал-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Газрын_тогтоц" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Газрын_тогтоц"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Газрын тогтоц</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Газрын_тогтоц-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Уур_амьсгал" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Уур_амьсгал"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Уур амьсгал</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Уур_амьсгал-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ургамал_амьтан" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ургамал_амьтан"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Ургамал амьтан</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ургамал_амьтан-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Хүн_ам_зүй" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Хүн_ам_зүй"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Хүн ам зүй</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Хүн_ам_зүй-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Хүн ам зүй хэсгийг нээж хаах</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Хүн_ам_зүй-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ард_түмэн" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ард_түмэн"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Ард түмэн</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ард_түмэн-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Хэл,_шашин" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Хэл,_шашин"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Хэл, шашин</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Хэл,_шашин-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Хот_суурин" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Хот_суурин"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Хот суурин</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Хот_суурин-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Эш_түүх" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Эш_түүх"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Эш түүх</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Эш_түүх-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Эш түүх хэсгийг нээж хаах</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Эш_түүх-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Эрт_үе" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Эрт_үе"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Эрт үе</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Эрт_үе-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Казахын_Хант_Улс" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Казахын_Хант_Улс"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Казахын Хант Улс</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Казахын_Хант_Улс-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Орос,_Зөвлөлтийн_үе" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Орос,_Зөвлөлтийн_үе"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Орос, Зөвлөлтийн үе</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Орос,_Зөвлөлтийн_үе-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Тусгаар_Казахстан" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Тусгаар_Казахстан"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Тусгаар Казахстан</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Тусгаар_Казахстан-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Төр_улс" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Төр_улс"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Төр улс</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Төр_улс-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Төр улс хэсгийг нээж хаах</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Төр_улс-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Төр_засаг" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Төр_засаг"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Төр засаг</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Төр_засаг-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Засаг_захиргааны_хуваарь" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Засаг_захиргааны_хуваарь"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Засаг захиргааны хуваарь</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Засаг_захиргааны_хуваарь-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Цэрэг_зэвсэг" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Цэрэг_зэвсэг"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Цэрэг зэвсэг</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Цэрэг_зэвсэг-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Гадаад_харилцаа" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Гадаад_харилцаа"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Гадаад харилцаа</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Гадаад_харилцаа-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Аж_байдал" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Аж_байдал"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Аж байдал</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Аж_байдал-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Аж байдал хэсгийг нээж хаах</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Аж_байдал-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Эдийн_засаг" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Эдийн_засаг"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Эдийн засаг</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Эдийн_засаг-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Зам_тээвэр" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Зам_тээвэр"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Зам тээвэр</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Зам_тээвэр-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Өв_соёл" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Өв_соёл"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Өв соёл</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Өв_соёл-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Өв соёл хэсгийг нээж хаах</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Өв_соёл-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Боловсрол" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Боловсрол"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Боловсрол</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Боловсрол-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Баяр_ёслол" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Баяр_ёслол"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Баяр ёслол</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Баяр_ёслол-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Урлаг" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Урлаг"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Урлаг</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Урлаг-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Спорт" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Спорт"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Спорт</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Спорт-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Зургийн_цомог" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Зургийн_цомог"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Зургийн цомог</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Зургийн_цомог-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Тэмдэглэл" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Тэмдэглэл"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Тэмдэглэл</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Тэмдэглэл-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Лавлах,_тайлбар" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Лавлах,_тайлбар"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Лавлах, тайлбар</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Лавлах,_тайлбар-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Гадаад_холбоос" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Гадаад_холбоос"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Гадаад холбоос</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Гадаад_холбоос-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Гарчиг" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Гарчиг" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Гарчигийг нээж хаах" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Гарчигийг нээж хаах</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Казахстан</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 277 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-277" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">277 хэлээр</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9E%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D2%AD%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ҟазахсҭан – абхаз" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Ҟазахсҭан" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="абхаз" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – ачин" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="ачин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Казахстан – адигэ" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Казахстан" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="адигэ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="онцлох өгүүлэл"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasakstan" title="Kasakstan – африкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kasakstan" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasachstan" title="Kasachstan – швейцари-герман" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Kasachstan" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швейцари-герман" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-alt mw-list-item"><a href="https://alt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Казахстан – өмнөд алтай" lang="alt" hreflang="alt" data-title="Казахстан" data-language-autonym="Алтай тил" data-language-local-name="өмнөд алтай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Алтай тил</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%AB%E1%8B%9B%E1%8A%AD%E1%88%B5%E1%89%B3%E1%8A%95" title="ካዛክስታን – амхар" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ካዛክስታን" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="амхар" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cazaquist%C3%A1n" title="Cazaquistán – арагон" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Cazaquistán" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casahstan" title="Casahstan – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Casahstan" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="कजाकिस्तान – ангик" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="कजाकिस्तान" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="ангик" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="كازاخستان – араб" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كازاخستان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="араб" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A9%DC%99%DC%A9%DC%A3%DC%9B%DC%90%DC%A2" title="ܩܙܩܣܛܐܢ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܩܙܩܣܛܐܢ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="كازاخستان – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="كازاخستان" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="كازاخستان – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كازاخستان" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="কাজাখাস্তান – ассам" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="কাজাখাস্তান" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="ассам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakst%C3%A1n" title="Kazakstán – астури" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Kazakstán" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астури" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8A%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Хъазахъистан – авар" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Хъазахъистан" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="авар" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="कजाख्स्तान – авадхи" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="कजाख्स्तान" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="авадхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qasaq_suyu" title="Qasaq suyu – аймара" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Qasaq suyu" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="аймара" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qazax%C4%B1stan" title="Qazaxıstan – азербайжан" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qazaxıstan" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайжан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AE%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="قازاخیستان – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قازاخیستان" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%A0%D0%B0%D2%99%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ҡаҙағстан – башкир" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ҡаҙағстан" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башкир" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – бали" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="бали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasachstan" title="Kasachstan – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Kasachstan" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakstans" title="Kazakstans – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Kazakstans" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasakhstan" title="Kasakhstan – Batak Toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Kasakhstan" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="Batak Toba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasahistan" title="Kasahistan – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kasahistan" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Казахстан – беларусь" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Казахстан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="беларусь" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Казахстан – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Казахстан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasakstan" title="Kasakstan – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Kasakstan" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Казахстан – болгар" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Казахстан" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="болгар" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="कजाकिस्तान – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="कजाकिस्तान" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasakstan" title="Kasakstan – бислам" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Kasakstan" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="бислам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="কাজাখস্তান – бенгал" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কাজাখস্তান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгал" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%80%E0%BD%9F%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%80%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%9F%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8D" title="ཀཟ་ཀ་སྟན། – төвд" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཀཟ་ཀ་སྟན།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="төвд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="কাজাখস্তান – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="কাজাখস্তান" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakstan" title="Kazakstan – бретон" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kazakstan" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazahstan" title="Kazahstan – босни" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kazahstan" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босни" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A8%80%E1%A8%8D%E1%A8%80%E1%A8%94%E1%A8%88%E1%A8%8A" title="ᨀᨍᨀᨔᨈᨊ – буги" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨀᨍᨀᨔᨈᨊ" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="буги" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Казахстан – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Казахстан" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – каталан" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazajist%C3%A1n" title="Kazajistán – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Kazajistán" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Кхазакхстан – чечень" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Кхазакхстан" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="чечень" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khasakstan" title="Khasakstan – себуано" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Khasakstan" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="себуано" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A7%E1%8F%8E%E1%8E%A7%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%95%E1%8F%82" title="ᎧᏎᎧᏍᏕᏂ – чероки" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎧᏎᎧᏍᏕᏂ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="чероки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="کازاخستان – төв курд" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کازاخستان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="төв курд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cazacchistanu" title="Cazacchistanu – корсик" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Cazacchistanu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="корсик" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qazahistan" title="Qazahistan – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Qazahistan" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazachst%C3%A1n" title="Kazachstán – чех" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kazachstán" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чех" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazachstan" title="Kazachstan – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Kazachstan" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%EA%99%81%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8A" title="Каꙁахстанъ – сүмийн славян" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Каꙁахстанъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="сүмийн славян" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Казахстан – чуваш" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Казахстан" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чуваш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casachstan" title="Casachstan – уэльс" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Casachstan" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="уэльс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasakhstan" title="Kasakhstan – дани" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kasakhstan" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="дани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasachstan" title="Kasachstan – герман" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kasachstan" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="герман" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qazax%C4%B1stan" title="Qazaxıstan – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Qazaxıstan" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazachstan" title="Kazachstan – доод сорби" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Kazachstan" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="доод сорби" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="कजाख्स्तान – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="कजाख्स्तान" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%86%DE%A6%DE%92%DE%A6%DE%86%DE%A8%DE%90%DE%B0%DE%8C%DE%A7%DE%82%DE%B0" title="ކަޒަކިސްތާން – дивехи" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ކަޒަކިސްތާން" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="дивехи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – эвэ" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="эвэ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%B6%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BD" title="Καζακστάν – грек" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Καζακστάν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грек" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – англи" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="англи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaza%C4%A5io" title="Kazaĥio – эсперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kazaĥio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazajist%C3%A1n" title="Kazajistán – испани" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kazajistán" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasahstan" title="Kasahstan – эстони" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kasahstan" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстони" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – баск" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cazast%C3%A1n" title="Cazastán – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Cazastán" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="قزاقستان – перс" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قزاقستان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="перс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasakstan" title="Kasakstan – фула" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Kasakstan" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="фула" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakstan" title="Kazakstan – фин" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kazakstan" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasastan" title="Kasastan – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Kasastan" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasakstan" title="Kasakstan – фарер" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Kasakstan" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="фарер" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – франц" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="франц" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cazacstan" title="Cazacstan – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Cazacstan" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasachstaan" title="Kasachstaan – хойд фриз" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Kasachstaan" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="хойд фриз" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cazachie" title="Cazachie – фриулан" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Cazachie" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="фриулан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazachstan" title="Kazachstan – баруун фриз" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Kazachstan" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="баруун фриз" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Chasacst%C3%A1in" title="An Chasacstáin – ирланд" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Chasacstáin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирланд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakistan" title="Kazakistan – гагуз" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Kazakistan" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="гагуз" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakstan" title="Kazakstan – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Kazakstan" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casachst%C3%A0n" title="Casachstàn – шотландын гел" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Casachstàn" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="шотландын гел" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhst%C3%A1n" title="Kazakhstán – галего" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Kazakhstán" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галего" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="قزاقستان – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="قزاقستان" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasahit%C3%A3" title="Kasahitã – гуарани" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Kasahitã" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="гуарани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9D%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="कझाकस्तान – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="कझाकस्तान" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%9D%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A8" title="કઝાકિસ્તાન – гужарати" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="કઝાકિસ્તાન" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="гужарати" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Chassaghstaan" title="Yn Chassaghstaan – манкс" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Chassaghstaan" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="манкс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakistan" title="Kazakistan – хауса" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Kazakistan" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="хауса" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasakana" title="Kasakana – хавай" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Kasakana" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="хавай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%96%D7%97%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%9F" title="קזחסטן – еврей" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קזחסטן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="еврей" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="कज़ाख़िस्तान – хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कज़ाख़िस्तान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazahstan" title="Kazahstan – хорват" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kazahstan" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорват" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazachstan" title="Kazachstan – дээд сорби" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Kazachstan" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="дээд сорби" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakstan" title="Kazakstan – Гаитийн креол" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Kazakstan" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Гаитийн креол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazahszt%C3%A1n" title="Kazahsztán – мажар" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kazahsztán" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="мажар" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%82%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Ղազախստան – армен" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ղազախստան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армен" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%82%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Ղազախիստան – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ղազախիստան" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qazaqstan" title="Qazaqstan – интерлингво" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Qazaqstan" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="интерлингво" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – индонези" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонези" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakstan" title="Kazakstan – нэгдмэл хэл" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Kazakstan" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="нэгдмэл хэл" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – игбо" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="игбо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – илоко" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="илоко" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="ГӀазакхстане – ингуш" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="ГӀазакхстане" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ингуш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakstan" title="Kazakstan – идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kazakstan" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasakstan" title="Kasakstan – исланд" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kasakstan" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исланд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakistan" title="Kazakistan – итали" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kazakistan" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="итали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%91%B2%E1%93%B4%E1%92%83%E1%96%A2%E1%93%87_%E1%93%84%E1%93%87" title="ᑲᓴᒃᖢᓇ ᓄᓇ – инуктитут" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᑲᓴᒃᖢᓇ ᓄᓇ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="инуктитут" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%82%B6%E3%83%95%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3" title="カザフスタン – япон" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カザフスタン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="япон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazaxtan" title="Kazaxtan – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Kazaxtan" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/kazaksTAN" title="kazaksTAN – ложбан" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="kazaksTAN" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="ложбан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – ява" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="ява" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%96%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="ყაზახეთი – гүрж" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ყაზახეთი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="гүрж" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qazaqstan" title="Qazaqstan – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Qazaqstan" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazaxestan" title="Kazaxestan – кабиле" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Kazaxestan" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="кабиле" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8A%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Къазахъстэн – кабардин" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Къазахъстэн" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="кабардин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakisitan%C9%A9" title="Kazakisitanɩ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Kazakisitanɩ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D2%9B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Қазақстан – казах" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қазақстан" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казах" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%A0%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%8B%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%90%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93" title="កាហ្សាក់ស្ថាន – кхмер" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="កាហ្សាក់ស្ថាន" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="кхмер" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A5%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಕಜಾಕಸ್ಥಾನ್ – каннада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕಜಾಕಸ್ಥಾನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-knc mw-list-item"><a href="https://knc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – Central Kanuri" lang="knc" hreflang="knc" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Yerwa Kanuri" data-language-local-name="Central Kanuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yerwa Kanuri</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EC%9E%90%ED%9D%90%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%84" title="카자흐스탄 – солонгос" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="카자흐스탄" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="солонгос" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Казахстан – коми-пермяк" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Казахстан" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="коми-пермяк" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%8A%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Къазакъстан – карачай-балкар" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Къазакъстан" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="карачай-балкар" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%82%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="قازقستان – кашмир" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="قازقستان" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="кашмир" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qazaxistan" title="Qazaxistan – курд" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Qazaxistan" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="курд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Казахстан – коми" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Казахстан" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="коми" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pow_Kazagh" title="Pow Kazagh – корн" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Pow Kazagh" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="корн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Казакстан – киргиз" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Казакстан" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="киргиз" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazachstania" title="Kazachstania – латин" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Kazachstania" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakistan" title="Kazakistan – ладин" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Kazakistan" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ладин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasachstan" title="Kasachstan – люксембург" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Kasachstan" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембург" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Къазахсттан – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Къазахсттан" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%8A%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Къазакъстан – лезги" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Къазакъстан" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="лезги" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cazacstan" title="Cazacstan – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Cazacstan" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazachstan" title="Kazachstan – лимбург" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Kazachstan" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="лимбург" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakistan" title="Kazakistan – лигури" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Kazakistan" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="лигури" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casachstan" title="Casachstan – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Casachstan" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakistan" title="Kazakistan – ломбард" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Kazakistan" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="ломбард" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakst%C3%A1ni" title="Kazakstáni – лингала" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Kazakstáni" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="лингала" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%96%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%99" title="ປະເທດຄາຊັກສະຖານ – лаос" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປະເທດຄາຊັກສະຖານ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="лаос" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazachstanas" title="Kazachstanas – литва" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kazachstanas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazaheja" title="Kazaheja – Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Kazaheja" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazahst%C4%81na" title="Kazahstāna – латви" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kazahstāna" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латви" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – мадури хэл" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="мадури хэл" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="कजाख्स्तान – май" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="कजाख्स्तान" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="май" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Казахстан – мокша" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Казахстан" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="мокша" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakst%C3%A0na" title="Kazakstàna – малагаси" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kazakstàna" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малагаси" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Казахстан – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Казахстан" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katat%C4%81nga" title="Katatānga – маори" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Katatānga" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="маори" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – минангкабау" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="минангкабау" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="онцлох өгүүлэл"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Казахстан – македон" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Казахстан" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%96%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB" title="കസാഖ്സ്ഥാൻ – малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കസാഖ്സ്ഥാൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%93%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯀꯓꯥꯈꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯟ – манипури" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯀꯓꯥꯈꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="манипури" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9D%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="कझाकस्तान – марати" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कझाकस्तान" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="марати" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – малай" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ka%C5%BCakistan" title="Każakistan – малта" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Każakistan" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="малта" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cazaquiston" title="Cazaquiston – меранди" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Cazaquiston" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="меранди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%87%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%90%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="ကာဇက်စတန်နိုင်ငံ – бирм" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကာဇက်စတန်နိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бирм" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Казахстан Мастор – эрзя" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Казахстан Мастор" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="эрзя" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="قزاقستون – мазандерани" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="قزاقستون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="мазандерани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasachstan" title="Kasachstan – доод герман" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Kasachstan" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="доод герман" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakstan" title="Kazakstan – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Kazakstan" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="कजाख्स्तान – балба" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="कजाख्स्तान" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="балба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="कजाख्स्तान – невари" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="कजाख्स्तान" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="невари" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazachstan" title="Kazachstan – нидерланд" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kazachstan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нидерланд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasakhstan" title="Kasakhstan – норвегийн нинорск" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kasakhstan" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="норвегийн нинорск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasakhstan" title="Kasakhstan – норвегийн букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kasakhstan" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвегийн букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasakstan" title="Kasakstan – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Kasakstan" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – хойд сото" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="хойд сото" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bil%C4%AF%CC%81%C4%AF%CC%81%CA%BC_%C5%83deiltihii_Dine%CA%BC%C3%A9_Bik%C3%A9yah" title="Bilį́į́ʼ Ńdeiltihii Dineʼé Bikéyah – навахо" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Bilį́į́ʼ Ńdeiltihii Dineʼé Bikéyah" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="навахо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cazacstan" title="Cazacstan – окситан" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Cazacstan" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazahstan" title="Kazahstan – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Kazahstan" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaazaakistaan" title="Kaazaakistaan – оромо" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Kaazaakistaan" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="оромо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%9C%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%96%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8" title="କାଜାଖସ୍ତାନ – ория" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="କାଜାଖସ୍ତାନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="ория" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Хъазахстан – оссетин" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Хъазахстан" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="оссетин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਕ਼ਜ਼ਾਕ਼ਿਸਤਾਨ – панжаби" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕ਼ਜ਼ਾਕ਼ਿਸਤਾਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="панжаби" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakstan" title="Kazakstan – пангасин" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Kazakstan" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="пангасин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazastan" title="Kazastan – пампанга" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Kazastan" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="пампанга" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakstan" title="Kazakstan – папьяменто" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Kazakstan" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="папьяменто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="कजाकस्थान – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="कजाकस्थान" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakstaan" title="Kazakstaan – Pitcairn-Norfolk" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Kazakstaan" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Pitcairn-Norfolk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazachstan" title="Kazachstan – польш" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kazachstan" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="польш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakistan" title="Kazakistan – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Kazakistan" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%82%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="قازقستان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="قازقستان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%B6%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BD" title="Καζακστάν – Pontic" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Καζακστάν" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="Pontic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="قزاقستان – пушту" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="قزاقستان" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пушту" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cazaquist%C3%A3o" title="Cazaquistão – португал" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cazaquistão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португал" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qasaqsuyu" title="Qasaqsuyu – кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Qasaqsuyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasachstan" title="Kasachstan – романш" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Kasachstan" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="романш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazahstan" title="Kazahstan – румын" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Kazahstan" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румын" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazahstan" title="Kazahstan – ароманы" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Kazahstan" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="ароманы" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakistan" title="Kazakistan – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Kazakistan" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Казахстан – орос" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Казахстан" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="орос" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Казахстан – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Казахстан" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakisitani" title="Kazakisitani – киньяруанда" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Kazakisitani" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="киньяруанда" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="कजाखस्थानम् – санскрит" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="कजाखस्थानम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="санскрит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Казахстаан – саха" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Казахстаан" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="саха" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1" title="ᱠᱟᱡᱟᱠᱥᱛᱟᱱ – сантали" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱠᱟᱡᱟᱠᱥᱛᱟᱱ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="сантали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazachist%C3%A0n" title="Kazachistàn – сардин" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Kazachistàn" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="сардин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakistan" title="Kazakistan – сицил" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Kazakistan" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="сицил" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – шотланд" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шотланд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="قزاقستان – синдхи" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="قزاقستان" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="синдхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakstan" title="Kazakstan – хойд сами" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Kazakstan" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="хойд сами" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazahstan" title="Kazahstan – хорватын серб" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kazahstan" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="хорватын серб" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%81%B5%E1%82%83%E1%82%87%E1%81%B8%E1%81%A2%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BA%E1%82%88%E1%80%9E%E1%80%90%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87" title="မိူင်းၵႃႇၸၢၵ်ႈသတၼ်ႇ – шань" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းၵႃႇၸၢၵ်ႈသတၼ်ႇ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="шань" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BA" title="කසක්ස්තානය – синхала" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="කසක්ස්තානය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="синхала" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazachstan" title="Kazachstan – словак" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kazachstan" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словак" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%82%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="قازقستان – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="قازقستان" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazahstan" title="Kazahstan – словени" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kazahstan" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словени" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasakisitana" title="Kasakisitana – самоа" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Kasakisitana" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="самоа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakstan" title="Kazakstan – инари сами" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Kazakstan" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="инари сами" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhistani" title="Kazakhistani – шона" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Kazakhistani" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="шона" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasakhstan" title="Kasakhstan – сомали" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Kasakhstan" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="сомали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakistani" title="Kazakistani – албани" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kazakistani" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Казахстан – серб" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Казахстан" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="серб" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazachstan" title="Kazachstan – сранан тонго" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Kazachstan" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="сранан тонго" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKhazakhi" title="IKhazakhi – свати" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="IKhazakhi" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="свати" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – сесото" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="сесото" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasachstan" title="Kasachstan – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Kasachstan" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakstan" title="Kazakstan – сундан" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kazakstan" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="сундан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakstan" title="Kazakstan – швед" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kazakstan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="швед" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – свахили" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="свахили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazachst%C5%AFn" title="Kazachstůn – силез" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Kazachstůn" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="силез" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="கசக்கஸ்தான் – тамил" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கசக்கஸ்தான்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамил" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – Atayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Atayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಕಜಾಕಸ್ತಾನ್ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಕಜಾಕಸ್ತಾನ್" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="కజకస్తాన్ – тэлүгү" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కజకస్తాన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="тэлүгү" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakistaun" title="Kazakistaun – тетум" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Kazakistaun" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="тетум" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D2%9B%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Қазоқистон – тажик" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Қазоқистон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="тажик" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="ประเทศคาซัคสถาน – тай" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศคาซัคสถาน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazagystan" title="Gazagystan – туркмен" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Gazagystan" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="туркмен" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasakistan" title="Kasakistan – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kasakistan" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazaxyston" title="Gazaxyston – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Gazaxyston" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasakisitani" title="Kasakisitani – тонга" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Kasakisitani" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="тонга" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakistan" title="Kazakistan – турк" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kazakistan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турк" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – тароко" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="тароко" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – цонга" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="цонга" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%8A%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Казакъстан – татар" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Казакъстан" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татар" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – тумбула" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="тумбула" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Казахстан – тува" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Казахстан" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="тува" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Казахстан – удмурт" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Казахстан" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="удмурт" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%89%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="قازاقىستان – уйгур" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="قازاقىستان" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="уйгур" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Казахстан – украин" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Казахстан" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%82%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="قازقستان – урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="قازقستان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qozog%CA%BBiston" title="Qozogʻiston – узбек" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Qozogʻiston" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбек" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaz%C3%A0kistan" title="Kazàkistan – венец" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Kazàkistan" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="венец" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazahstan" title="Kazahstan – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Kazahstan" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – вьетнам" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вьетнам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazachstan" title="Kazachstan – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Kazachstan" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasak%C3%A4n" title="Kasakän – волапюк" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Kasakän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="волапюк" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cazaxhistan" title="Cazaxhistan – уоллун" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Cazaxhistan" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="уоллун" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasahistan" title="Kasahistan – варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kasahistan" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasakistaan" title="Kasakistaan – волоф" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Kasakistaan" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="волоф" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%88%E8%90%A8%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="哈萨克斯坦 – хятад, ву хэл" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="哈萨克斯坦" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="хятад, ву хэл" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – хоса" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="хоса" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%96%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="ყაზახეთი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ყაზახეთი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%96%D7%90%D7%9B%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%90%D7%9F" title="קאזאכסטאן – иддиш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קאזאכסטאן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="иддиш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A0s%C3%A0kst%C3%A1n" title="Kàsàkstán – ёруба" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Kàsàkstán" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="ёруба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – чжуанг" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="чжуанг" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazachstan" title="Kazachstan – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Kazachstan" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%88%E8%90%A8%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="哈萨克斯坦 – хятад" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="哈萨克斯坦" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="хятад" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%88%E8%96%A9%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="哈薩克斯坦 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="哈薩克斯坦" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kazakhstan" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%88%E8%96%A9%E5%85%8B" title="哈薩克 – кантон" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="哈薩克" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q232#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Өөр хэлтэй холбосныг засах" class="wbc-editpage">Холбоос засах</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Нэрний зайнууд"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Өгүүлсэн хуудас [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Өгүүлэл</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new 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id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Харсан тоо"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD"><span>Унших</span></a></li><li id="ca-viewsource" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit" title="Энэ хуудас хамгаалагдсан байна. Та зөвхөн кодыг нь харах боломжтой. [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Кодыг харах</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=history" title="Энэ хуудсыг зассан түүхийг сөхөн нягтлах [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Түүх</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Хэрэглүүр" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Хэрэглүүр</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Хэрэглүүр</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">хажуугийн цэсэнд шилжүүлэх</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">хумих</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions 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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9:WhatLinksHere/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Энд холбогдсон вики хуудсууд [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Энд холбогдсон хуудас</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9:RecentChangesLinked/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" rel="nofollow" title="Энэ хуудаснаас линк хийгдсэн хуудсуудын шинэ өөрчлөлтүүд [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Холбогдох өөрчлөлт</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=mn" title="Зураг буюу медиа файлыг аплоуд хийх [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Файл оруулах</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9:SpecialPages" title="Тусгай хуудаснуудын жагсаалт [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Тусгай хуудаснууд</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&oldid=810901" title="Хуудасны одоогийн хувилбар луу очих тогтмол линк"><span>Байнгын холбоос</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Хуудасны мэдээлэл</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9:CiteThisPage&page=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&id=810901&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Энэ хуудсыг хэрхэн эшлэх тухай мэдээлэл"><span>Эндээс эш татах</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fmn.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D1%2585%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD"><span>Богино URL 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href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF хэлбэрээр татаж авах</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&printable=yes" title="Энэ хуудасны хувилж болох хувилбар [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Хэвлэх хувилбар</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Бусад төсөл </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q232" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Викидата руух холбоос</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Харагдац"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Харагдац</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">хажуугийн цэсэнд шилжүүлэх</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">хумих</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Википедиа — Чөлөөт нэвтэрхий толь</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="mn" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Төв Ази, Зүүн Европт оршдог улс<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80:SHORTDESC:%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%B2_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8,_%D0%97%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%82_%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Загвар:SHORTDESC:Төв Ази, Зүүн Европт оршдог улс (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Загвар:SHORTDESC:Төв Ази, Зүүн Европт оршдог улс</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r799858">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r714704">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">Бүгд Найрамдах Казахстан Улс</div><div class="ib-country-names"><ul style="list-style:none; padding:0px; margin:0px"><li><span title="Казах-language text"><span lang="kk" style="font-style: normal;">Қазақстан Республикасы</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Казах хэл">Казах</a>)</span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><span title="Казах-language text"><i lang="kk-Latn">Qazaqstan Respublikasy</i></span></span></li><li><span title="Орос-language text"><span lang="ru" style="font-style: normal;">Республика Казахстан</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Орос хэл">Орос</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="center"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Казахстан улсын далбаа"><img alt="Казахстан улсын далбаа" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/135px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="135" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/203px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/270px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Казахстаны төрийн далбаа (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Төрийн далбаа</a></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_latin.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Казахстан улсын Сүлд"><img alt="Казахстан улсын Сүлд" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_latin.svg/85px-Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_latin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_latin.svg/128px-Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_latin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_latin.svg/170px-Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_latin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%81%D2%AF%D0%BB%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Казахстаны төрийн сүлд (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Сүлд</a></div> </div> </div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data anthem"><b>Төрийн дуулал:</b> <br /><span title="Казах-language text"><span lang="kk" style="font-style: normal;">Менің Қазақстаным</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(Казах)</span><br /><span title="Казах-language romanization"><i lang="kk-Latn"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Казахстаны төрийн дуулал (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Menıñ Qazaqstanym</a></i></span><br />"Миний Казахстан"<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="100" data-mwtitle="National_anthem_of_Kazakhstan,_performed_by_the_United_States_Navy_Band.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/National_anthem_of_Kazakhstan%2C_performed_by_the_United_States_Navy_Band.wav/National_anthem_of_Kazakhstan%2C_performed_by_the_United_States_Navy_Band.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/National_anthem_of_Kazakhstan%2C_performed_by_the_United_States_Navy_Band.wav/National_anthem_of_Kazakhstan%2C_performed_by_the_United_States_Navy_Band.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/National_anthem_of_Kazakhstan%2C_performed_by_the_United_States_Navy_Band.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Kazakhstan%2C_performed_by_the_United_States_Navy_Band.wav&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Kazakhstan%2C_performed_by_the_United_States_Navy_Band.wav&lang=es&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="es" label="español ‪(es)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Kazakhstan%2C_performed_by_the_United_States_Navy_Band.wav&lang=kk-cyrl&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="kk-Cyrl" label="қазақша (кирил) ‪(kk-cyrl)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Kazakhstan%2C_performed_by_the_United_States_Navy_Band.wav&lang=kk-latn&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="kk-Latn" label="qazaqşa (latın) ‪(kk-latn)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Kazakhstan%2C_performed_by_the_United_States_Navy_Band.wav&lang=kk&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="kk" label="қазақша ‪(kk)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Kazakhstan%2C_performed_by_the_United_States_Navy_Band.wav&lang=tr&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="tr" label="Türkçe ‪(tr)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Kazakhstan%2C_performed_by_the_United_States_Navy_Band.wav&lang=vi&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="vi" label="Tiếng Việt ‪(vi)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Kazakhstan_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of Казахстан"><img alt="Location of Казахстан" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Kazakhstan_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/250px-Kazakhstan_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Kazakhstan_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/375px-Kazakhstan_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Kazakhstan_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/500px-Kazakhstan_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="553" /></a></span> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Нийслэл</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Астана">Астана</a><br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r707304">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&params=51_10_N_71_26_E_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°10′N</span> <span class="longitude">71°26′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.167°N 71.433°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.167; 71.433</span></span></span></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Томоохон хот</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Алматы">Алматы</a><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r707304"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&params=43_16_39_N_76_53_45_E_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">43°16′39″N</span> <span class="longitude">76°53′45″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">43.27750°N 76.89583°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">43.27750; 76.89583</span></span></span></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Албан ёсны хэл</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r729770">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Казах хэл">Казах хэл</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Орос хэл">Орос хэл</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ястан">Угсаатны бүлгүүд</a> <div class="ib-country-ethnic"> (2023)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><ul style="list-style:none; padding:0px; margin:0px"><li> 70.7% <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Казахууд">Казахууд</a> </li><li> 15.2% <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8C_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Казахстан дахь оросууд (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Оросууд</a> </li><li> 3.3% <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8C_%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%87%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Казахстан дахь узбекчүүд (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Узбекчүүд</a> </li><li> 1.9% <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8C_%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%87%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Казахстан дахь украинчууд (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Украинчууд‎</a> </li><li> 1.5% <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8C_%D1%83%D0%B9%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Казахстан дахь уйгурууд (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Уйгурууд</a> </li><li> 1.1% <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8C_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%87%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Казахстан дахь германчууд (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Герман</a> </li><li> 1.1% <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8C_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Казахстан дахь татарууд (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Татар</a> </li><li> 5.2% <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%85%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%B7%D2%AF%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Казахстаны угсаатны хүн ам зүй (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Бусад</a> </li></ul></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Шашин <div class="ib-country-religion"> (2021)<sup id="cite_ref-2021EthnicStatistics_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021EthnicStatistics-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Viktorova_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Viktorova-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><ul style="list-style:none; padding:0px; margin:0px"><li> 69.3% <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8C_%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Казахстан дахь ислам (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Ислам</a> </li><li> 17.2% <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8C_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Казахстан дахь христийн шашин (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Христ</a> </li><li> 11.01% Хариулаагүй </li><li> 2.25% <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8C_%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D2%AF%D0%B9_%D1%85%D2%AF%D0%BC%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Казахстан дахь шашингүй хүмүүс (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Шашингүй</a> </li><li> 0.2% <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8C_%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%88%D2%AF%D1%82%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Казахстан дахь шашин шүтлэг (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Бусад</a> </li></ul></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B4_%D1%82%D2%AF%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Ард түмний нэр">Ард түмний нэршил</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Казахууд<br />Казахстанчууд<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Төр засаг</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BB_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Нэгдмэл улс">Нэгдмэл</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%87_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Давамгайлагч намын систем (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">ноёрхогч-намын</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%80%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BB%D3%A9%D0%B3%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Ерөнхийлөгчийн засаглалын систем">ерөнхийлөгчийн</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D2%AF%D0%B3%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Бүгд найрамдах улс">бүгд найрамдах улс</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r799858"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%95%D1%80%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BB%D3%A9%D0%B3%D1%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Казахстаны Ерөнхийлөгч (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Ерөнхийлөгч</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BC-%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Касым-Жомарт Токаев">Касым-Жомарт Токаев</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%95%D1%80%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Казахстаны Ерөнхий Сайд (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Ерөнхий Сайд</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Олжас Бектенов (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Олжас Бектенов</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Хууль тогтоох байгууллага</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Казахстаны Парламент (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Парламент</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%B4_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дээд танхим (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Дээд танхим</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Казахстаны Сенат (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Сенат</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Доод танхим (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Доод танхим</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мажилис (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Мажилис</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%82%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%85" title="Казахстаны түүх">Түүх</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r799858"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Алтан Орд">Алтан Орд</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">1242</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Казахын Хант Улс">Казахын Ханлиг</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">1465</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Алашын ордны улс (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Алаш</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">12 сарын 13, 1917</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D3%A9%D0%B2%D0%BB%D3%A9%D0%BB%D1%82_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%91%D2%AF%D0%B3%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B7_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81_(1920%E2%80%9325)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Зөвлөлт Социалист Бүгд Найрамдах Автономит Киргиз Улс (1920–25) (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">ЗСБНАКирУ</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">8 сарын 26, 1920</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D3%A9%D0%B2%D0%BB%D3%A9%D0%BB%D1%82_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%91%D2%AF%D0%B3%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Зөвлөлт Социалист Бүгд Найрамдах Автономит Казах Улс (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">ЗСБНАКазУ</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">6 сарын 19, 1925</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D3%A9%D0%B2%D0%BB%D3%A9%D0%BB%D1%82_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%91%D2%AF%D0%B3%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Зөвлөлт Социалист Бүгд Найрамдах Казах Улс (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">ЗСБНКазУ</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">12 сарын 5, 1936</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Бүрэн эрхт байдлын тунхаглал </div></th><td class="infobox-data">10 сарын 25, 1990</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Бүгд Найрамдах Казахстан Улс болон дахин байгуулагдсан </div></th><td class="infobox-data">12 сарын 10, 1991</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%A5%D0%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="ЗХУ">ЗХУ</a>-аас тусгаар тогтнов </div></th><td class="infobox-data">12 сарын 16, 1991</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%A5%D0%A3-%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="ЗХУ-ын задрал">Хүлээн зөвшөөрөгдөв</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">12 сарын 26, 1991</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D2%AE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D1%85%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Казахстаны Үндсэн хууль">Одоогийн үндсэн хууль</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">8 сарын 30, 1995</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Газар нутаг</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Нийт</div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,724,900 км<sup>2</sup> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B6%D1%8D%D1%8D" title="Улс орнуудын газар нутгийн хэмжээ">9</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Усны эзлэх талбай (%)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1.7</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Хүн ам</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 2022 тооцоо</div></th><td class="infobox-data">19,398,331<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%85%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BE" title="Улс орнуудын хүн амын тоо">64</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Нягтаршил</div></th><td class="infobox-data">7/км<sup>2</sup> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%85%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%B3%D1%82_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3" title="Улс орнуудын хүн амын нягт сийрэг">236</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%82_%D0%B1%D2%AF%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%85%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BD" title="Дотоодын нийт бүтээгдэхүүн">ДНБ</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r738005">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%85_%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Худалдан авах чадварын паритет (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">ХАЧП</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2022 тооцоо</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Нийт</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="color: #0c0; font-size: larger;">▲</span> $596.666 тэрбум<sup id="cite_ref-IMF_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMF-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82_(%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%85_%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B3%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%82_%D0%B1%D2%AF%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%85%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%8D%D1%80)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Улс орнуудын жагсаалт (Худалдан авах чадвараар тэгшитгэгдсэн Дотоодын нийт бүтээгдэхүүнээр) (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">41</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Нэг хүнд ноогдох</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="color: #0c0; font-size: larger;">▲</span> $30,827<sup id="cite_ref-IMF_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMF-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82_(%D0%9D%D1%8D%D0%B3_%D1%85%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%85_%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%85_%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B3%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%82_%D0%B1%D2%AF%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%85%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%8D%D1%80)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Улс орнуудын жагсаалт (Нэг хүнд оногдох Худалдан авах чадвараар тэгшитгэгдсэн Дотоодын нийт бүтээгдэхүүнээр) (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">53</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%82_%D0%B1%D2%AF%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%85%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BD" title="Дотоодын нийт бүтээгдэхүүн">ДНБ</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r738005"><span class="nobold">(нэрлэсэн)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2022 тооцоо</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Нийт</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="color: #0c0; font-size: larger;">▲</span> $224.338 тэрбум<sup id="cite_ref-IMF_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMF-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82_(%D0%9D%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%82_%D0%B1%D2%AF%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%85%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%8D%D1%80)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Улс орнуудын жагсаалт (Нэрлэсэн Дотоодын нийт бүтээгдэхүүнээр) (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">55</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Нэг хүнд ноогдох</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="color: #0c0; font-size: larger;">▲</span> $11,591<sup id="cite_ref-IMF_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMF-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82_(%D0%9D%D1%8D%D0%B3_%D1%85%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%85_%D0%9D%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%82_%D0%B1%D2%AF%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%85%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%8D%D1%80)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Улс орнуудын жагсаалт (Нэг хүнд оногдох Нэрлэсэн Дотоодын нийт бүтээгдэхүүнээр) (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">69</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%88_%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B3%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%86%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%80" title="Орлогын тэгш бус байдлын илтгэлцүүр">ОТББИ</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r738005"><span class="nobold">(2018)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="өссөн / сөрөг"> <span style="color:#FF0000;position:relative;left:-0.2em;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation">▲</span></span> 27.8<sup id="cite_ref-WB1_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WB1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="nowrap"><span style="color:forestgreen">бага</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%85%D3%A9%D0%B3%D0%B6%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%86%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%80" title="Хүний хөгжлийн илтгэцүүр">ХХИ</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r738005"><span class="nobold">(2021)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="color: red; font-size: larger;">▼</span> 0.811<sup id="cite_ref-UNHDR_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNHDR-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="nowrap"><span style="color:darkgreen">маш өндөр</span></span> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82_(%D0%A5%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%85%D3%A9%D0%B3%D0%B6%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B3%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%86%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%8D%D1%80)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Улс орны жагсаалт (Хүний хөгжлийн илтгэлцүүрээр) (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">56</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Мөнгөний нэгж</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="Тенге">Тенге</a> (₸) (KZT)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Цагийн бүс</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B6%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%86%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Координатжуулсан дэлхийн цаг">UTC</a><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B05:00" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+05:00">+5</a></span> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8C_%D1%86%D0%B0%D0%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Казахстан дахь цаг (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Баруун / Зүүн</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Огнооны формат</th><td class="infobox-data">жжжж.өө.сс<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%85%D3%A9%D0%B4%D3%A9%D0%BB%D0%B3%D3%A9%D3%A9%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Зүүн ба баруун гар талын хөдөлгөөн (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Жолооны тал</a></th><td class="infobox-data">баруун</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82" title="Улсын утасны кодуудын жагсаалт">Утасны томьёо</a></th><td class="infobox-data">+7 (6xx / 7xx)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82" title="Интернетийн улсын домэйнуудын жагсаалт">Домэйн нэр</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><ul style="list-style:none; padding:0px; margin:0px"><li><a href="/wiki/.kz" title=".kz">.kz</a> </li><li><a href="/wiki/.%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7" class="mw-redirect" title=".қаз">.қаз</a></li></ul></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Казахстан</b> эсвэл <b>Казах Улс</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="Хасаг хэл">хас.</a> <i><span title="Казах-language text"><span lang="kk">Қазақстан</span></span></i>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Орос хэл">Орос</a>: <span lang="ru">Казахстан</span>; 1991 оноос хойш <b>Бүгд Найрамдах Казахстан Улс</b>) — <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Дундад Ази">Дундад Ази</a> болон <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дорнод Европ (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Дорнод</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF" title="Европ">Европыг</a> дамнан оршдог <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%85%D1%82_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Бүрэн эрхт улс">бүрэн эрхт</a> <b><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Улс">улс</a></b>. Хойд талаараа <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Оросын Холбооны Улс">Орос</a>, зүүн урд талаараа <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Хятад">Хятад</a>, урд талаараа <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B7" title="Киргиз">Киргиз</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Узбекистан">Узбекистан</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Туркменистан">Туркменистантай</a> хиллэж, баруун талдаа <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Каспийн тэнгис">Каспийн тэнгист</a> эрэгтэй <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B3%D2%AF%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Далайд гарцгүй орон">далайд гарцгүй</a> <b><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Орон">орон</a></b>. Нийслэл нь —<a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Астана">Астана</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D1%83" title="Алтайн нуруу">Алтайн нуруунаас</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%BC%D3%A9%D1%80%D3%A9%D0%BD" title="Ижил мөрөн">Ижил мөрөн</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%88_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Баруун Сибирийн тэгш тал (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Баруун Сибирийн тэгш талаас</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Кызылкум">Кызылкум</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%80_%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="Тэнгэр уул">Тэнгэр уул</a> хүрсэн 2 сая 725 мянган хавтгай дөрвөлжин километр газар нутагтай дэлхийн <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B6%D1%8D%D1%8D" title="Улс орнуудын газар нутгийн хэмжээ">9-р том</a>, далайд гарцгүй хамгийн том орон болно. 2019 онд тооцсоноор нийт хүн ам – 18 сая 400 мянга Үүнээс 69,7 хувь нь <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85_%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Казах үндэстэн">казах үндэстэн</a>. Мөн <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81_%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Орос үндэстэн">орос</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Узбек үндэстэн">узбек</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%87%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Украинчууд">украин</a>, уйгур, татар, герман, солонгос зэрэг 130 нэрийн ард түмэн амьдардаг. 70 илүү хувь нь <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ислам">ислам</a> (суннит), 25 хувь нь <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Христийн шашин">христийн</a> буюу үнэн алдартны шашин шүтлэгтэй. </p><p>Урьд цагт Казахстаныг <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%84" title="Скиф">Скиф</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3_%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Түрэг угсаатан">Түрэг</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Монгол угсаатан">Монгол</a> угсаатан эзэрхэж явсан. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Казахын Хант Улс">Казахын Хант Улс</a> 15-р зуунд үүсч 18-р зуунд <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Оросын Хаант Улс">Оросын</a> ивээлд орж сүүлд <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%A5%D0%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="ЗХУ">ЗХУ</a>-ын мэдэлд киргизийн автономит БНУ гэж буюу ЗСБНОросУ-ын бүрэлдэхүүнд багтаж байгаад 1936 оны 12 дугаар сарын 5-нд уугуул нэрээрээ шинэчлэн зохион байгуулагдаж ЗХУ-ын бүрэлдэхүүн дотор «Зөвлөлт Социалист Бүгд Найрамдах Казах Улс» болон өнөөгийн хил хязгаарын ерөнхий дүр зураг тогтжээ. 1991 онд ЗХУ нуран задарч БНКазУ 1991 оны 12 дугаар сарын 16-нд тусгаар тогтнолоо зарлаж 1992 оны 3 дугаар сарын 2-нд <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D2%AE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Нэгдсэн Үндэстний Байгууллага">НҮБ</a>-ын 168 дахь бүрэн эрхт гишүүн болжээ. Түрэг төрлийн бөгөөд үндсэн ард түмний <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Казах хэл">казах хэл</a> болон хуучин байсан <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Орос хэл">орос</a> гэсэн хоёр хэлийг албан ёсоор хэрэглэдэг. </p><p>Казахстан бол хөгжиж буй орон. <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%82_%D0%B1%D2%AF%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%85%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BD" title="Дотоодын нийт бүтээгдэхүүн">Дотоодын нийт бүтээгдэхүүний</a> хэмжээгээр (420 тэрбум <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Америк доллар">ам.доллар</a>) дэлхийд <a href="/w/index.php?title=43-%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="43-т (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">43-т</a> жагсаж, нэг хүнд ноогдох хэмжээгээр (24000$) Дундад Азидаа тэргүүлж байна. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Каспийн нам доор газар (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Каспийн нам доор газраас</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Газрын тос">газрын тос</a> олборлодог. Мөнгөний нэгж — тенге. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D2%AE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Нэгдсэн Үндэстний Байгууллага">НҮБ</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%90%D1%8E%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B3%D2%AF%D0%B9_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Европын Аюулгүй Байдал Хамтын Ажиллагааны Байгууллага">ЕАБХАБ</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%9D%D3%A9%D1%85%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BB%D3%A9%D0%BB" title="Тусгаар Улсуудын Хамтын Нөхөрлөл">ТУХН</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Шанхайн Хамтын Ажиллагааны Байгууллага">ШХАБ</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%B3%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Евразийн эдийн засгийн нийгэмлэг (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">ЕАЭЗН</a> зэрэг олон улсын байгууллагуудын гишүүн. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Нэр"><span id=".D0.9D.D1.8D.D1.80"></span>Нэр</h2></div> <p>Тус улсыг <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Казахууд">казах</a> үндэстний <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Улс">улс</a> болохоор «<b>Казах улс</b>» гэнэ. Монгол оноосон нэр нь «Казах». Мөн <i><a href="/wiki/-%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="-стан">-стан</a></i> (улс, орон гэсэн утгатай) дагавар залгагдаж орос нэрээс «<i><b>Казахстан</b></i>», казах хэлнийхээс «<i>Казакстан</i>» (Қазақстан) гэж бичих нь бий. Энд к үсэг нь къ гэж хатуу дуудлагаар дуудагдана. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B1%D2%AF%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Түрэг хэлний бүлэг">Түрэг</a>—<a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Монгол хэл">монгол</a> хэлний авиа, үсэг сэлгэцээр түрэг үгийн К (Қ) нь монгол бичигт Х/Г болдог. Жишээ нь: <i>қазақ</i> (<i>казах, казак</i>) — казах, <i>қара</i> — хар, <i>аймақ</i> — аймаг. </p><p>Мөн үгийг <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Казак">казак</a> (<i>казак, козак</i>) гэсэн славян гаралтай цэрэг ардын нэртэй андуурч болохгүй. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Газар_зүй"><span id=".D0.93.D0.B0.D0.B7.D0.B0.D1.80_.D0.B7.D2.AF.D0.B9"></span>Газар зүй</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Relief_Map_of_Kazakhstan.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Relief_Map_of_Kazakhstan.png/220px-Relief_Map_of_Kazakhstan.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Relief_Map_of_Kazakhstan.png/330px-Relief_Map_of_Kazakhstan.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Relief_Map_of_Kazakhstan.png/440px-Relief_Map_of_Kazakhstan.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="686" /></a><figcaption>Физик газрын зураг</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Kazakhstan_BMNG.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Kazakhstan_BMNG.jpg/220px-Kazakhstan_BMNG.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Kazakhstan_BMNG.jpg/330px-Kazakhstan_BMNG.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Kazakhstan_BMNG.jpg/440px-Kazakhstan_BMNG.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3803" data-file-height="2179" /></a><figcaption>2006 оны 4-р сар. Эгц дээрээс</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Steppe.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Steppe.jpg/220px-Steppe.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Steppe.jpg/330px-Steppe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Steppe.jpg/440px-Steppe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4508" data-file-height="2446" /></a><figcaption>Казахын хээр тал</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Lakebalkhashbasinmap.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lakebalkhashbasinmap.png/220px-Lakebalkhashbasinmap.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lakebalkhashbasinmap.png/330px-Lakebalkhashbasinmap.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lakebalkhashbasinmap.png/440px-Lakebalkhashbasinmap.png 2x" data-file-width="1466" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Балхаш нуурын сав газар  <span class="ref-info" title="англи хэл" style="font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:#888;">(англ.)</span></figcaption></figure> <p>Казах орон 2,724,900 км² нутаг дэвсгэртэй. <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Алжир">Алжирын</a> урд буюу дэлхийн <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B6%D1%8D%D1%8D" title="Улс орнуудын газар нутгийн хэмжээ">9-р байрын том</a> , <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Монгол">Монголоос</a> том буюу <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B3%D2%AF%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Далайд гарцгүй орон">далайд гарцгүй</a> хамгийн том <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Орон">орон</a> юм. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Байрлал"><span id=".D0.91.D0.B0.D0.B9.D1.80.D0.BB.D0.B0.D0.BB"></span>Байрлал</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D1%83" title="Уралын нуруу">Уралын нуруу</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Эмбе (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Эмбе</a> голоор таслагдаж,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> үндсэн бие нь <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Ази">Ази</a>, бага хэсэг нь <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF" title="Европ">Европ</a> тивд хамаардаг. Хойд өргөргийн 40° — 56°, зүүн уртрагийн 46° — 88° дотор багтана. </p><p>Умардаас нар зөв тойруулвал <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Оросын Холбооны Улс">Орос</a> (хилийн урт 6846 км), <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Хятад">Хятад</a> (1533), <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B7" title="Киргиз">Киргиз</a> (1051 км), <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Узбекистан">Узбекистан</a> (2203 км), <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Туркменистан">Туркменистан</a> (379 км) гэсэн таван оронтой 12012 километр зурвасаар хиллэж, 1,894 км газар <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Каспийн тэнгис">Каспийн тэнгист</a> захалдаг. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Газрын_тогтоц"><span id=".D0.93.D0.B0.D0.B7.D1.80.D1.8B.D0.BD_.D1.82.D0.BE.D0.B3.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.86"></span>Газрын тогтоц</h3></div> <p>Нутгийн 36% <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D3%A9%D0%BB" title="Цөл">цөл</a>, 18% <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8C" title="Говь">говь</a>, 35% <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тал (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">тал</a> гэдэг.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Нутгийн төв хэсэгт казахуудын <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B-%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сары-Арка (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Сары-Арка</a> («шар нуруу») гэж нэрийддэг өндөрлөг, түүнээс хойшлоход намссаар <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Ишим гол">Ишим гол</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%88_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сибирийн тэгш тал (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Сибирийн тэгш тал</a> гэж байна. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%88_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дорнод Европын тэгш тал (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Дорнод Европын тэгш тал</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Каспийн нам доор газар (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Каспийн нам доор газар</a> орны өрнө хэсгийг төлөөлдөг ба Мугалжар зэрэг Уралын нурууны бага шиг уулс бий. </p><p>Нутгийн дорно тал уулархаг, <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D1%80" title="Зайсан нуур">Зайсан нуурын</a> ар <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9" class="mw-disambig" title="Алтай">Алтай</a>, өвөр нь <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D1%83" title="Тарвагатайн нуруу">Тарвагатайн нурууных</a> гэдэг. Зүүн өмнөд хилээр бараг долоон мянган метр өндөртэй <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%80_%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="Тэнгэр уул">Тэнгэр уул</a>, түүний ар хормой салбар уулс, түүнээс баруунш <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%8F" title="Сырдарья">Сырдарья</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Арал тэнгис">Арал тэнгис</a> хавийн нам доор, цөлөрхөг говь газар, хээр тал <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Каспийн тэнгис">Каспийн тэнгис</a> хүртэл оршиж байгаа. </p> <table class="multicol" style=";border-spacing:0;background:transparent;" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top;"> <td style="width:15.0em;;{{{col1style}}};"> <p><b>Уул нуруу</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0" title="Белуха">Белуха</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Хантэнгэр">Хантэнгэр</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D1%83" title="Алтайн нуруу">Алтай</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D1%83" title="Тарвагатайн нуруу">Тарвагатай</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%80_%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="Тэнгэр уул">Тэнгэр уул</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Каратау (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Каратау</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%83" title="Зүүнгарын Алатау">Зүүнгарын Алатау</a></li></ul></td> <td style="width:1.25em;"></td> <td style="width:15.0em;;{{{col2style}}};"> <p><b>Гол мөрөн</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%80%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%BC%D3%A9%D1%80%D3%A9%D0%BD" title="Эрчис мөрөн">Эрчис</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ишим (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Ишим</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Урал гол">Урал</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%8F" title="Сырдарья">Сырдарья</a></li> <li>Тобол</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Или гол (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Или</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D2%AF%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Чүй гол (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Чүй</a></li></ul></td><td style="width:1.25em;"></td> <td style="width:15.0em;;{{{col3style}}};"> <p><b>Нуур</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Каспийн тэнгис">Каспи</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%88_%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="Балхаш нуур">Балхаш</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Арал тэнгис">Арал</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D3%A9%D0%BB" title="Алакөл">Алакөл</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D1%80" title="Зайсан нуур">Зайсан</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тэнгис нуур (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Тэнгис</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D2%AF%D0%B9_%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Чүй нуур (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Чүй</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Altynemel_dune.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Altynemel_dune.jpg/170px-Altynemel_dune.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Altynemel_dune.jpg/255px-Altynemel_dune.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Altynemel_dune.jpg/340px-Altynemel_dune.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>«Алтан эмээл» манхан</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Уур_амьсгал"><span id=".D0.A3.D1.83.D1.80_.D0.B0.D0.BC.D1.8C.D1.81.D0.B3.D0.B0.D0.BB"></span>Уур амьсгал</h3></div> <p>Эх газрын уур амьсгалтай. Зундаа 30 °C-ээс дээш халж, өвөлдөө −20 °C-ээс илүү хүйтэрнэ. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ургамал_амьтан"><span id=".D0.A3.D1.80.D0.B3.D0.B0.D0.BC.D0.B0.D0.BB_.D0.B0.D0.BC.D1.8C.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BD"></span>Ургамал амьтан</h3></div> <p>Казах оронд 6000 зүйлийн <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Ургамал">ургамал</a> ургадаг. Үүнээс 88 зүйл <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Мод">мод</a> байх ба нутаг дэвсгэрийн 5.9%-ийг <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B9" class="mw-disambig" title="Ой">ой</a> бүрхжээ. </p><p>590 зүйлийн <a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%83" title="Шувуу">шувуу</a>, 178 зүйл <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D3%A9%D1%85%D1%82%D3%A9%D0%BD" title="Хөхтөн">хөхтөн</a>, 39 зүйл <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%8D%D0%B2%D0%BB%D1%8D%D1%8D%D1%80_%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хэвлээр явагч (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">хэвлээр явагч</a>, 12 зүйл <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%91%D1%80_%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Хоёр нутагтан">хоёр нутагтан</a>, 107 зүйл <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Загас">загас</a>, 30 гаруй <a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B6" title="Шавж">шавж</a> байна. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Хүн_ам_зүй"><span id=".D0.A5.D2.AF.D0.BD_.D0.B0.D0.BC_.D0.B7.D2.AF.D0.B9"></span>Хүн ам зүй</h2></div> <table class="wikitable" style="line-height:0.9em; border:1px black; float:right; margin-right:1em; margin:10px"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:50px;">Он</th> <th>Шашин шүтлэг <sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ислам">Ислам</a></td> <td>70.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Христийн шашин">Христ</a></td> <td>26.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Бурхангүй</td> <td>2.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Хариулаагүй</td> <td>0.5% </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="line-height:0.9em; border:1px black; float:right; margin-right:1em; margin:10px"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:50px;">Он</th> <th>Хүн ам <sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td>1926</td> <td>6,198,465 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1959</td> <td>9,309,847 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1989</td> <td>16,464,464 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2015</td> <td>17,476,141 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Казах улс 2015 онд 17,476,141 хүнтэй (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%85%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BE" title="Улс орнуудын хүн амын тоо">дэлхийд 61-р олон</a>) байв. 22 хувь нь 0–14 насны багачууд, 70% нь 15–64 насны хөдөлмөрийн чадвартан, 8 нь 65-ээс дээш өндөр настан юм. Хүн амын 54 хувь хотод, 46% хөдөө оршин суудаг. Жилд 1.7%-аар өсөж байан. Хүн амын нягт — 6.4 хүн/км<sup>2</sup>, жилийн өсөлт — 1.7 хувь, дундаж наслалт — 67.9 жил, хүйсийн харьцаа — 0.97. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ард_түмэн"><span id=".D0.90.D1.80.D0.B4_.D1.82.D2.AF.D0.BC.D1.8D.D0.BD"></span>Ард түмэн</h3></div> <table class="wikitable" style="line-height:0.9em; border:1px black; float:right; margin-right:1em; margin:10px"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:160px;">Яс үндэс</th> <th>Хүн ам <br />(2012 он)<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>Хувь </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Казахууд">Казах үндэстэн</a></td> <td>11,244,547</td> <td>65.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Оросууд">Орос үндэстэн</a></td> <td>3,685,009</td> <td>21.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%87%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%B4" title="Узбекчүүд">Узбек үндэстэн</a></td> <td>521,252</td> <td>3.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%87%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Украинчууд">Украин үндэстэн</a></td> <td>301,346</td> <td>1.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B9%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Уйгурууд">Уйгур үндэстэн</a></td> <td>246,777</td> <td>1.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Татарууд">Татар үндэстэн</a></td> <td>203,108</td> <td>1.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%87%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Германчууд (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Герман үндэстэн</a></td> <td>181,928</td> <td>1.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%87%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Солонгосчууд">Солонгос үндэстэн</a></td> <td>105,400</td> <td>0.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td>бусад ард түмэн</td> <td>671,479</td> <td>3.9 % </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%A5%D0%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="ЗХУ">ЗХУ</a>-д байсан улсын жишгээр олон үндэстний улс болсон. Хүн амын 65 хувь (11 сая) <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85_%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Казах үндэстэн">казах үндэстэн</a>. Удаагаар нь <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81_%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Орос үндэстэн">орос</a> 21 хувь (3.7 сая), <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Узбек үндэстэн">узбек</a> 3 хувь (520 мянга), <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Украйн үндэстэн">украйн</a> 1.8%, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B9%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80_%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Уйгур үндэстэн">уйгур</a> 1.4%, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80_%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Татар үндэстэн">татар</a> 1.2 хувь, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Герман үндэстэн (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">герман</a> 1.1%, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81_%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Солонгос үндэстэн">солонгос</a> 0.6%, турк, азербайжан, дунган, беларусь гээд 100 гаруй яс үндэс байна. 1959 оноос, ялангуяа ЗХУ бутарсанаас хойш оросын эзлэх хувь буурч казахынх өсчээ. Казахын өсөлтөд мөн Хятад, Орос, Монгол, Узбек зэрэг улсаас нүүн ирэгсэд (<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Оралман (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">оралман</a></i>) нөлөөлсөн. Казах үндэстэн <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Малчин (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">малчин</a> нүүдэлчин, узбек, орос нь <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тариачин (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">тариачин</a> суурин соёлтой. Казах, узбек нь адил <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3" title="Түрэг">түрэг</a> угсаатан, <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ислам">ислам</a> шашинтан, орос, украйн нь адилхан <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2" title="Слав">слав</a> угсаатан, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Христийн шашин">христос</a> шашинтан. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Хэл,_шашин"><span id=".D0.A5.D1.8D.D0.BB.2C_.D1.88.D0.B0.D1.88.D0.B8.D0.BD"></span>Хэл, шашин</h3></div> <p>Хүн амын 70% <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ислам">ислам</a> шашинтан (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3" title="Түрэг">түрэг</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дунган ястан (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">дунган</a> ард). Суннит дэгийг үндсэндээ барьдаг. 26% <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Христийн шашин">христосын</a> шашинтан (орос, украйн). 3% шашингүй. 1990 оноос хойш шашин чөлөөтэй болж, сүм хийдийн тоо 4170 болж нэмэгджээ. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Казах хэл">Казах хэл</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Орос хэл">орос</a> хоёр хэл албанд хэрэглэгдэнэ. Казах хэл <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B1%D2%AF%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Түрэг хэлний бүлэг">түрэг салбарын</a> кыпчак бүлэгт хамаарах ба бөгөөд <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хархалпак хэл (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">хархалпак</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B7_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Киргиз хэл">киргиз</a> хэлтэй ойр төрөл юм. 1940 оноос <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB_%D2%AF%D1%81%D1%8D%D0%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Кирилл үсэг">кирилл үсгээр</a> бичдэг болсон. Кирилл казах цагаан толгой 42 үсэгтэй (монголынхоос Ә, Ғ, Қ, Ң, Ұ, Һ, І үсгээр илүү). </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8_%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Район бүрд казахын эзлэх хувь"><img alt="Район бүрд казахын эзлэх хувь" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8_%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5.png/180px-%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8_%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8_%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5.png/270px-%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8_%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8_%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5.png/360px-%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8_%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5.png 2x" data-file-width="1601" data-file-height="1025" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Район бүрд <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85_%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Казах үндэстэн">казахын</a> эзлэх хувь</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Kazakhstan_European_Rus.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Район бүрд оросын эзлэх хувь"><img alt="Район бүрд оросын эзлэх хувь" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Kazakhstan_European_Rus.png/180px-Kazakhstan_European_Rus.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Kazakhstan_European_Rus.png/270px-Kazakhstan_European_Rus.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Kazakhstan_European_Rus.png/360px-Kazakhstan_European_Rus.png 2x" data-file-width="1601" data-file-height="1025" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Район бүрд <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81_%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Орос үндэстэн">оросын</a> эзлэх хувь</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Stamp_of_Kazakhstan_430-432.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Казах, орос, украйн хувцас"><img alt="Казах, орос, украйн хувцас" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Stamp_of_Kazakhstan_430-432.jpg/156px-Stamp_of_Kazakhstan_430-432.jpg" decoding="async" width="156" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Stamp_of_Kazakhstan_430-432.jpg/234px-Stamp_of_Kazakhstan_430-432.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Stamp_of_Kazakhstan_430-432.jpg/312px-Stamp_of_Kazakhstan_430-432.jpg 2x" data-file-width="684" data-file-height="570" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Казах, орос, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Украйн үндэстэн">украйн</a> хувцас</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Хот_суурин"><span id=".D0.A5.D0.BE.D1.82_.D1.81.D1.83.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B8.D0.BD"></span>Хот суурин</h3></div> <dl><dd><div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"><i>Үндсэн өгүүлэл: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82" title="Казахстаны хотын жагсаалт">Казахстаны хотын жагсаалт</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p>Казах улсад 86 <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Хот">хот</a> байна.Улсын ач холбогдолтой 3 (Нурсултан, Алматы, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Байконур (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Байконур</a>), мужийн харьяа 38, районы 46 хот байна. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Almaty_Koktobe_2007.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Almaty_Koktobe_2007.JPG/220px-Almaty_Koktobe_2007.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Almaty_Koktobe_2007.JPG/330px-Almaty_Koktobe_2007.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Almaty_Koktobe_2007.JPG/440px-Almaty_Koktobe_2007.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption><i>Көктөбе</i> (хөх дов)-ноос <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Алматы">Алматы</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0.svg/400px-%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0.svg/600px-%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0.svg/800px-%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="438" data-file-height="246" /></a><figcaption>Казахын хотуудыг тэмдэглэсэн газрын зураг  <span class="ref-info" title="Орос хэл" style="font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:#888;">(орос.)</span></figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>2009 оны хүн амын тоогоор: </caption> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td> <p>1. <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Алматы">Алматы</a> (Алма-Ата) <br /> 2. <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Астана">Нурсултан</a> <br /> 3. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Шымкент">Шымкент</a> (Чимкент) <br /> 4. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="Караганды">Караганды</a> (Караганда) <br /> 5. <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D3%A9%D0%B1%D0%B5" title="Актөбе">Актөбе</a> (Актюбинск) <br /> 6. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Тараз">Тараз</a> <br /> 7. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Павлодар">Павлодар</a> <br /> 8. <a href="/wiki/%D3%A8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Өскемен">Өскемен</a> <br /> 9. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Семей">Семей</a> (Семепалатинск) </p> </td> <td> <p>10. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Костанай">Костанай</a> <br /> 11. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Орал">Орал</a> (Уральск) <br /> 12. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Петропавловск">Петропавловск</a> <br /> 13. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кызылорда (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Кызылорда</a> <br /> 14. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Атырау (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Атырау</a> <br /> 15. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Темиртау (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Темиртау</a> <br /> 16. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Актау (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Актау</a> <br /> 17. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Түркистан хот">Түркистан</a> (Туркестан) <br /> 18. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кокшетау (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Кокшетау</a> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Эш_түүх"><span id=".D0.AD.D1.88_.D1.82.D2.AF.D2.AF.D1.85"></span>Эш түүх</h2></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Issyk_Golden_Cataphract_Warrior.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Issyk_Golden_Cataphract_Warrior.jpg/110px-Issyk_Golden_Cataphract_Warrior.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Issyk_Golden_Cataphract_Warrior.jpg/165px-Issyk_Golden_Cataphract_Warrior.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Issyk_Golden_Cataphract_Warrior.jpg/220px-Issyk_Golden_Cataphract_Warrior.jpg 2x" data-file-width="456" data-file-height="1368" /></a><figcaption>«Алтан хүн»</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:SB_-_Inside_a_Kazakh_yurt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/SB_-_Inside_a_Kazakh_yurt.jpg/220px-SB_-_Inside_a_Kazakh_yurt.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/SB_-_Inside_a_Kazakh_yurt.jpg/330px-SB_-_Inside_a_Kazakh_yurt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/SB_-_Inside_a_Kazakh_yurt.jpg/440px-SB_-_Inside_a_Kazakh_yurt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="610" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>1910 оны казах айл</figcaption></figure> <dl><dd><div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"><i>Үндсэн өгүүлэл: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%82%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%85" title="Казахстаны түүх">Казахстаны түүх</a></i></div></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Эрт_үе"><span id=".D0.AD.D1.80.D1.82_.D2.AF.D0.B5"></span>Эрт үе</h3></div> <p>Казах оронд <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D1%8D%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D2%AF%D0%B5" title="Чулуун зэвсгийн үе">шинэ чулуун зэвсгийн үед</a> хүн амьдарч байсан ул мөр байдаг. Тал хээр зонхилсон энэ газар эртнээс малчин нүүдэлчний өлгий байв. Эрт үед <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%84" title="Скиф">скиф</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сака (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">сака</a> зэрэг <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Иран угсаатан (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">иран угсаатан</a> суурьшиж байв.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Алматы орчмоос «Алтан хүн» хэмээгдсэн сака хүний алтан хувцас олдсон. 6-р зуунаас <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3_%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Түрэг угсаатан">түрэг угсаатан</a> тус нутагт зонхилсон. Өмнөд нутгаар <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Усунь (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">усунь</a>, дорнод нутгаар <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%BD%D2%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="Хүннү">хүннү</a>, өрнөд нутгаар <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Угор (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">угор</a> хүмүүс оршин байв. 556 оноос <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Түрэг улс">Түрэг улсын</a> мэдэлд орсон. Чүй, Талас гол, Сырдарья мөрний эргийн балгадаар <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Торгоны зам">Торгоны зам</a> дайрч худалдаа хөгжив. Каспи хавиар <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хазар улс (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Хазар улс</a> (650—969), Долоон уснаар <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B3_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Харлуг улс (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Харлуг улс</a> (756—940) тогтжээ. Арабын байлдан дагууллаар <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ислам">ислам</a> шашин, араб үсэг дэлгэрсэн. X зуунаас <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мавераннахр (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Мавераннахр</a> газарт <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Хар ханы улс">Хар ханы улс</a>, Арал, Каспи хавиар <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Огуз (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">огуз</a> түрэг байв. XI зуунд <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Кипчак">кипчак</a> аймгууд тал нутагт түрэв. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%85_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Их Монгол Улс">Их Монгол Улс</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Дундад Ази">Дундад Азийг</a> байлдан дагуулж, 1223 онд <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D1%8D%D0%B2" title="Зэв">Зэв</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D2%AF%D0%B1%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="Сүбээдэй">Сүбээдэйн</a> цэрэг кыпчактай тулалдаж байв. 1237 оноос <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D2%AF%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Зүчийн улс">Зүчийн улсын</a> Бат ханы мэдэлд Казахын тал нутаг, харин <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Цагаадайн улс">Цагаадайн улсын</a> харьяанд Мавераннахр оржээ. 1391 онд <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%BC%D3%A9%D1%80" title="Доголон Төмөр">Төмөр хаан</a> ялагдсанаар Дундад Азид суусан цөөн ноёрхогч <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Монгол үндэстэн">монгол</a> бүрэн түрэгжив. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Казахын_Хант_Улс"><span id=".D0.9A.D0.B0.D0.B7.D0.B0.D1.85.D1.8B.D0.BD_.D0.A5.D0.B0.D0.BD.D1.82_.D0.A3.D0.BB.D1.81"></span>Казахын Хант Улс</h3></div> <p>Зүчийн улсын доор кыпчак хэл соёл дэлгэрч <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85_%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Казах үндэстэн">казах үндэстэн</a> бүрэлджээ. онд 1458 онд <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Абулхайр хан">Абулхайр хан</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Жанибек хан">Жанибек</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Керей хан">Керей</a> нар нэгдсэнээр <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Казахын Хант Улс">Казахын Хант Улс</a> (1465—1847) тогтов. 1635 оноос <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Ойрад">ойрад</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%87%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Монголчууд">монгол</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Зүүнгар улс">Зүүнгар улсынхан</a> довтолсоор 1718 онд казахууд <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%85_%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Их жуз (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">их жуз</a> (өмнөд нутагт), <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дунд жуз (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">дунд жуз</a> (дорнод), <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бага жуз (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">бага жуз</a> (өрнөд) болон гурав хэсэг ялгарчээ. 1730 оноос хойш <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%B7)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Абулхайр хан (Бага жуз) (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Абулхайр</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Аблай хан (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Аблай</a> зэрэг түүхэн хан тодорч байв. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Орос,_Зөвлөлтийн_үе"><span id=".D0.9E.D1.80.D0.BE.D1.81.2C_.D0.97.D3.A9.D0.B2.D0.BB.D3.A9.D0.BB.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.B9.D0.BD_.D2.AF.D0.B5"></span>Орос, Зөвлөлтийн үе</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Оросын Хаант Улс">Орос Улс</a> Казах орон руу худалдаачин, колоничлогч <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Казак">казак</a> цэргийг явуулж байв. Урал голын эрэгт Яик шивээг 1613 онд босгосноос ахиулсаар 1731 казахын бага жузийг мэдэлдээ авсанаас хойш 1818 он гэхэд олон аймаг Оросын ивээлд орсон байлаа. 1846 онд казахын сүүлчийн <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кенесары (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Кенесары</a> хан оростой байлдаад дийлээгүй. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81_%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Орос үндэстэн">Оросууд</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Оренбург">Оренбург</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Алматы">Алматы</a> зэрэг олон суурин үүсгэжээ. Орост тэр үед казахуудыг «киргиз-кайсак» (хиргис казах), <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81_%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хиргис үндэстэн (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">хиргисийг</a> «кара-киргиз» (хар хиргис) гэж нэрийдэж байлаа. Оросын иргэний дайны үед <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%88_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Алаш ордны улс (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">«Алаш орд»</a> (1917 -1920) автономит улс түр тогтоод няцаагдсан. </p><p>ЗХУ-ын доор 1920 онд «Хиргис» нэртэй үүссэн автономит улс 1925 онд «Казах» (<i>казах</i>) хэмээн нэрээ сольж, 1936 онд ЗХУ-ын бүрэлдэхүүн 15 улсын нэг <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D3%A9%D0%B2%D0%BB%D3%A9%D0%BB%D1%82_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%91%D2%AF%D0%B3%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Зөвлөлт Социалист Бүгд Найрамдах Казах Улс (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Зөвлөлт Социалист Бүгд Найрамдах Казах Улс</a> (ЗСБНХасУ) болсон нь 1991 он хүртэл хэвээр байв. 1927 онд <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0-%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Алма-Ата">Алма-Ата</a> нийслэл болсон. Бүх нийт бичиг үсэг мэддэг болж, 1940 оноос <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Казах хэл">казах хэлийг</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D2%AF%D1%81%D1%8D%D0%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Кирил үсэг">кирил</a> үсгээр бичдэг болсон ба ЗХУ-ын нэгдмэл байдлын орчинд <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Орос хэл">орос хэл</a> казах хэлийг их даржээ. Сталины зарлигаар улс төрийн эсэргүү гэгдэн польш, герман, чечень, солонгос гэх мэт олон ардыг Казахын тал руу цөлж байв. 1930-аад оноос хойш аж үйлдвэр хөгжсөн. 1949 онд <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%86%D3%A9%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Семипалатинскийн цөмийн туршилтын талбай">Семипалатинскийн цөмийн туршилтын талбай</a> нээгдэж, 1955 онд <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Байконур (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Байконурын</a> сансрын буудал ашиглалтад орж <a href="/wiki/%D0%AE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Юрий Гагарин">Юрий Гагарин</a> 1961 онд сансарт нисч байв. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Тусгаар_Казахстан"><span id=".D0.A2.D1.83.D1.81.D0.B3.D0.B0.D0.B0.D1.80_.D0.9A.D0.B0.D0.B7.D0.B0.D1.85.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BD"></span>Тусгаар Казахстан</h3></div> <p>Бүгд Найрамдах Казахстан Улс 1991 оны 12 сарын 15-нд тусгаар тогтнолоо зарлан тунхаглаж, 1992 онд <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D2%AE%D0%91" class="mw-redirect" title="НҮБ">НҮБ</a>-ын гишүүн <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%85%D1%82_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Бүрэн эрхт улс">бүрэн эрхт улс</a> болжээ. 1989 оноос Зөвлөлт Казахын тэргүүн болсон <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Нурсултан Назарбаев">Нурсултан Назарбаев</a> үргэлжлүүлэн тусгаар Казахын ерөнхийлөгчөөр он удаан жил ажиллаж байгаад 2019 оны 3 сард ерөнхийлөгчийн албан тушаалаа өөрийн саналаар шилжүүлсэн. 1998 онд улсын нийслэлийг <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Алматы">Алматаас</a> Акмола руу шилжүүлэн Астана (нийслэл) хэмээн нэрийдсэн. Улмаар Назарбаевыг ерөнхийлөгчийн албан тушаалаас буусны дараа, 2019 оны 3 сард нийслэл хотоо <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Нурсултан">Нурсултан</a> гэж нэрлэжээ. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Төр_улс"><span id=".D0.A2.D3.A9.D1.80_.D1.83.D0.BB.D1.81"></span>Төр улс</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Төр_засаг"><span id=".D0.A2.D3.A9.D1.80_.D0.B7.D0.B0.D1.81.D0.B0.D0.B3"></span>Төр засаг</h3></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Nursultan_Nazarbayev_27092007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Nursultan_Nazarbayev_27092007.jpg/150px-Nursultan_Nazarbayev_27092007.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Nursultan_Nazarbayev_27092007.jpg/225px-Nursultan_Nazarbayev_27092007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Nursultan_Nazarbayev_27092007.jpg/300px-Nursultan_Nazarbayev_27092007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="656" data-file-height="892" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Нурсултан Назарбаев">Нурсултан Назарбаев</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Казах улс <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Ардчилал">ардчилсан</a> дэглэм, <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%80%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BB%D3%A9%D0%B3%D1%87" title="Ерөнхийлөгч">ерөнхийлөгчийн</a> эрх мэдэл давуу <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D2%AF%D0%B3%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Бүгд найрамдах улс">бүгд найрамдах</a> засагтай. </p><p>Төр улсын тэргүүн нь ерөнхийлөгч байна. Тусгаар тогтносноосоо хойш ганцхан ерөнхийлөгчөөр удирдуулж ирсэн бөгөөд одоогоор ерөнхийлөгчийн үүрэг гүйцэтгэгч нь <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BC-%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кассым-Жомарт Токаев (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Кассым-Жомарт Токаев</a>. Ерөнхийлөгч гүйцэтгэх байгуулагын тэргүүн <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%80%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4" title="Ерөнхий сайд">ерөнхий сайдыг</a> томилно. 1991 оноос 2019 хүртэл 9 хүн ээлжилсэн бөгөөд 2019 онд <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Аскар Мамин">Аскар Мамин</a> ерөнхий сайдаар томилогдсон. </p><p>Хоёр танхимт <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%85%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Казах улсын хурал (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Улсын хурал</a> (᠌<i>Парламент</i>) хууль тогтоон баталдаг. Дээд танхим нь 47 гишүүнтэй <i>Сенат</i> (чуулган), доод танхим нь 107 суудалтай <i>Мажилис</i> (хурал) байна. Тус улсад нэг нам зонхилдог. 2012 оны <i>Мажилисийн</i> сонгуулийн дүн: </p> <ul><li>«Нур-Отан» (гэрэлт эх орон) ардчилсан нам — 83 суудал</li> <li>«Ак жол» (цагаан зам) ардчилсан нам — 8 суудал</li> <li>«Казах ардын коммунист (эв хамт) нам» — 7 суудал</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Засаг_захиргааны_хуваарь"><span id=".D0.97.D0.B0.D1.81.D0.B0.D0.B3_.D0.B7.D0.B0.D1.85.D0.B8.D1.80.D0.B3.D0.B0.D0.B0.D0.BD.D1.8B_.D1.85.D1.83.D0.B2.D0.B0.D0.B0.D1.80.D1.8C"></span>Засаг захиргааны хуваарь</h3></div> <p>Казах улсын нутаг дэвсгэр их түвшинд 17, дунд шатанд 208, гуравдугаар шатанд 2740 нутаг болж хуваагддаг.<sup id="cite_ref-parlam_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-parlam-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 17 их нутгаа «аймақ» (монгол «аймаг»-тай нэг гарлын боловч газар нутаг гэх утгатай) гэж бичдэг. Түүний 14 нь <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B6" title="Муж">муж</a> (<i>облыс</i>), 3 нь <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Хот">хот</a> (улсын ач холбогдолтой хот) байна. Гурван хотоос <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Байконур (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Байконурыг</a> 2050 он хүртэл <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%A5%D0%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="ОХУ">ОХУ</a> түрээсэлсэн.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Муж дотроо <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Аудан (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">аудан</a></i> (хошуу), <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Хот">мужийн хот</a> болж хуваагдах бол улсын хот дотроо <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B4%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B3%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Казахстаны дүүргүүд (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">дүүрэгт</a> хуваагдана. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Зэрэг</th> <th colspan="5">Засаг захиргааны нэгж <br /><span style="color:gray;">(казах, оросоор)</span> — тоо</th> <th>Нутгийн тоо </th></tr> <tr> <th>I </th> <td colspan="4" style="background:#FFDAB9;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B6" title="Муж">муж</a><br /><span style="color:gray;">(облыс / область)</span> — 14 </td> <td style="background:#AFEEEE;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Хот">улсын ач холбогдолтой хот</a> — 3 <br /><span style="color:gray;">(республикалық маңызы бар қала /<br /> город республиканского значения)</span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">17 </td></tr> <tr> <th>II </th> <td colspan="3" style="background:#FFEFD5;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%88%D1%83%D1%83" class="mw-disambig" title="Хошуу">хошуу</a> — 160<br /><span style="color:gray;">(аудан / сельский район)</span> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:#F0FFF0;">(мужийн) <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Хот">хот</a> — 38<br /><span style="color:gray;">(қала / город)</span> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:#E0FFFF;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B4%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B3%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Казахстаны дүүргүүд (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">дүүрэг</a> — 10<br /><span style="color:gray;">( аудан / городский район)</span> </td> <td align="right">208 </td></tr> <tr> <th>III </th> <td style="background:#FFFACD;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Баг (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">баг</a> — 2453<br /><span style="color:gray;">( ауыл округ / сельский округ)</span> </td> <td style="background:#F0FFF0;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Суурин">суурин</a> — 241<br /><span style="color:gray;">(кент / посёлок)</span> </td> <td style="background:#F0FFF0;">(хошууны) <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Хот">хот</a> — 46<br /><span style="color:gray;">(қала / город)</span> </td> <td align="right">2740 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Нийлбэр </th> <td colspan="6" style="background:#F5F5F5;"><b>Гурван түвшний таваас долоон зүйлийн 2965 нутаг</b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#dddddd"> <th>Зургийн <br /> дугаар </th> <th>Муж </th> <th>Нутгийн төв </th> <th>Талбай <br />(км²) </th> <th>Хүн ам <br /> <small>(2009)</small> </th></tr> <tr> <td>14</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Almaty.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Almaty.JPG/20px-Almaty.JPG" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Almaty.JPG/30px-Almaty.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Almaty.JPG/40px-Almaty.JPG 2x" data-file-width="205" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Алматы муж (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Алматы</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Талдыкорган (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Талдыкорган</a></td> <td align="right">224,000</td> <td align="right">1,642,300 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Coat_of_Arms_of_Aqmola_Province.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Coat_of_Arms_of_Aqmola_Province.png/20px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Aqmola_Province.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Coat_of_Arms_of_Aqmola_Province.png/30px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Aqmola_Province.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Coat_of_Arms_of_Aqmola_Province.png/40px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Aqmola_Province.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Акмола муж (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Акмола</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BA%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Көкшетау (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Көкшетау</a></td> <td align="right">146,000</td> <td align="right">744,700 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Aktobe_seal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Aktobe_seal.png/20px-Aktobe_seal.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Aktobe_seal.png/30px-Aktobe_seal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Aktobe_seal.png/40px-Aktobe_seal.png 2x" data-file-width="216" data-file-height="212" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D3%A9%D0%B1%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Актөбе муж (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Актөбе</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D3%A9%D0%B1%D0%B5" title="Актөбе">Актөбе</a></td> <td align="right">300,600</td> <td align="right">707,900 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg/20px-Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg/30px-Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg/40px-Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="125" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Атырау муж (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Атырау</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Атырау (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Атырау</a></td> <td align="right">118,600</td> <td align="right">496,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg/20px-Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg/30px-Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg/40px-Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="125" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мангыстау (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Мангыстау</a></td> <td>Актау</td> <td align="right">165,600</td> <td align="right">416,500 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:North_Kazakhstan_province_seal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/North_Kazakhstan_province_seal.png/20px-North_Kazakhstan_province_seal.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/North_Kazakhstan_province_seal.png/30px-North_Kazakhstan_province_seal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/North_Kazakhstan_province_seal.png/40px-North_Kazakhstan_province_seal.png 2x" data-file-width="170" data-file-height="178" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Умар Казахстан (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Умар Казахстан</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB" title="Петропавл">Петропавл</a></td> <td align="right">123,200</td> <td align="right">651,100 </td></tr> <tr> <td>11</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg/20px-Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg/30px-Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg/40px-Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="125" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дорно Казахстан (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Дорно Казахстан</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D3%A8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Өскемен">Өскемен</a></td> <td align="right">283,300</td> <td align="right">1,417,600 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Coat_of_Arms_of_Pavlodar_Province.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Coat_of_Arms_of_Pavlodar_Province.png/20px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Pavlodar_Province.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Coat_of_Arms_of_Pavlodar_Province.png/30px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Pavlodar_Province.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Coat_of_Arms_of_Pavlodar_Province.png/40px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Pavlodar_Province.png 2x" data-file-width="148" data-file-height="83" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B6" title="Павлодар муж">Павлодар</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Павлодар">Павлодар</a></td> <td align="right">124,800</td> <td align="right">747,600 </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Coat_of_Arms_of_Karagandy_Province.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wappen"><img alt="Wappen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Coat_of_Arms_of_Karagandy_Province.svg/20px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Karagandy_Province.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Coat_of_Arms_of_Karagandy_Province.svg/30px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Karagandy_Province.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Coat_of_Arms_of_Karagandy_Province.svg/40px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Karagandy_Province.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="679" data-file-height="679" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Караганды муж (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Караганды</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="Караганды">Караганды</a></td> <td align="right">428,000</td> <td align="right">1,344,200 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Logo_kostanay.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Logo_kostanay.jpg/20px-Logo_kostanay.jpg" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Logo_kostanay.jpg/30px-Logo_kostanay.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Logo_kostanay.jpg/40px-Logo_kostanay.jpg 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B6" title="Костанай муж">Костанай</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Костанай">Костанай</a></td> <td align="right">196,000</td> <td align="right">891,800 </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Kyzylorda_province_seal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Kyzylorda_province_seal.svg/20px-Kyzylorda_province_seal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Kyzylorda_province_seal.svg/30px-Kyzylorda_province_seal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Kyzylorda_province_seal.svg/40px-Kyzylorda_province_seal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="511" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кызылорда муж (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Кызылорда</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кызылорда (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Кызылорда</a></td> <td align="right">226,000</td> <td align="right">636,900 </td></tr> <tr> <td>13</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Zhambyl_province_seal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Zhambyl_province_seal.png/20px-Zhambyl_province_seal.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Zhambyl_province_seal.png/30px-Zhambyl_province_seal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Zhambyl_province_seal.png/40px-Zhambyl_province_seal.png 2x" data-file-width="198" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%BB_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Жамбыл муж (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Жамбыл</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Тараз">Тараз</a></td> <td align="right">144,200</td> <td align="right">1,025,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:South_Kazakhstan_province_seal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/South_Kazakhstan_province_seal.png/20px-South_Kazakhstan_province_seal.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/South_Kazakhstan_province_seal.png/30px-South_Kazakhstan_province_seal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/South_Kazakhstan_province_seal.png/40px-South_Kazakhstan_province_seal.png 2x" data-file-width="2102" data-file-height="2093" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D3%A8%D0%BC%D0%BD%D3%A9_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Өмнө Казахстан (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Өмнө Казахстан</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Шымкент">Шымкент</a></td> <td align="right">117,300</td> <td align="right">2,356,500 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg/20px-Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg/30px-Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg/40px-Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="125" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D3%A8%D1%80%D0%BD%D3%A9_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Өрнө Казахстан (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Өрнө Казахстан</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Орал">Орал</a></td> <td align="right">151,300</td> <td align="right">617,100 </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td valign="top"> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#dddddd"> <th>Зургийн <br /> дугаар </th> <th>Улсын хот </th> <th>Талбай <small>(км²)</small> </th> <th>Хүн ам <small>(2009)</small> </th></tr> <tr> <td>17</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Almaty_seal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Almaty_seal.png/20px-Almaty_seal.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Almaty_seal.png/30px-Almaty_seal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Almaty_seal.png/40px-Almaty_seal.png 2x" data-file-width="175" data-file-height="175" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Алматы">Алматы</a></td> <td align="right">325</td> <td align="right">1,351,521 </td></tr> <tr> <td>15</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Emblem_of_Astana_(latin).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Emblem_of_Astana_%28latin%29.svg/20px-Emblem_of_Astana_%28latin%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Emblem_of_Astana_%28latin%29.svg/30px-Emblem_of_Astana_%28latin%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Emblem_of_Astana_%28latin%29.svg/40px-Emblem_of_Astana_%28latin%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Астана">Нурсултан</a></td> <td align="right">720</td> <td align="right">653,800 </td></tr> <tr> <td>16</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Baikonur_seal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Baikonur_seal.png/15px-Baikonur_seal.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Baikonur_seal.png/23px-Baikonur_seal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Baikonur_seal.png/30px-Baikonur_seal.png 2x" data-file-width="137" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Байконур (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Байконур</a></td> <td align="right">57</td> <td align="right">59,147 </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="noresize mw-ext-imagemap-desc-bottom-right" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Karte"><img alt="Karte" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Kazakhstan%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs.svg/320px-Kazakhstan%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs.svg.png" decoding="async" width="320" height="183" 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title="Азербайжан" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%93%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B6" shape="poly" coords="1,618,12,620,11,631,11,642,19,647,19,651,17,655,6,657,0,654" alt="Гүрж" title="Гүрж" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B7" shape="poly" coords="724,645,717,635,724,629,737,617,749,605,739,602,733,600,749,585,761,584,784,590,799,596,810,599,812,590,816,572,827,565,840,570,854,579,864,585,875,585,881,580,884,577,904,575,918,576,930,577,947,579,958,580,974,584,983,592,991,599,1003,604,1013,610,1012,615,997,619,981,622,975,627,965,637,962,645,952,657,926,662,920,663,905,676,899,687,896,689,887,691,878,690,874,682,864,684,852,691,849,694,842,698,827,703,738,706,738,695,754,694,764,696,797,680,800,669,786,662" alt="Киргиз" title="Киргиз" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" shape="poly" coords="674,705,675,696,685,694,691,680,699,675,714,670,724,667,727,678,726,685,724,690,725,695,729,699,720,701,712,701,704,704" alt="Тажикистан" title="Тажикистан" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B4" shape="poly" coords="1232,314,1232,304,1216,304,1207,311,1198,323,1194,334,1178,340,1175,349,1172,366,1168,384,1163,394,1155,402,1148,405,1135,405,1109,395,1086,389,1078,407,1067,453,1071,465,1073,469,1074,477,1023,487,1001,497,1005,504,1012,516,1013,532,1017,546,1017,565,1015,574,1010,600,1012,607,1007,617,974,639,961,650,950,660,931,664,907,673,905,675,902,684,895,693,882,691,864,685,852,694,824,706,1236,707,1237,373" alt="Хятад" title="Хятад" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" shape="poly" 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alt="Оросын Холбооны Улс" title="Оросын Холбооны Улс" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%80" shape="rect" coords="501,444,522,467" alt="Байконур" title="Байконур" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B" shape="rect" coords="897,549,927,572" alt="Алматы хот" title="Алматы хот" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" shape="rect" coords="737,196,760,219" alt="Астана" title="Астана" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%83_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B6" shape="poly" coords="187,632,202,612,226,604,242,606,254,610,266,624,272,640,279,649,294,652,299,646,294,486,318,476,307,441,296,432,283,426,274,422,267,422,251,427,227,429,207,436,199,449,195,454,189,456,171,458,153,465,146,477,144,485,137,480,124,479,112,479,113,498,116,504,122,515,127,521,131,527,137,533,155,573,172,582,180,589" alt="Мангыстау" title="Мангыстау" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B6" shape="poly" coords="204,436,221,438,230,432,236,422,251,427,277,427,279,419,296,429,307,437,306,430,300,417,274,402,268,397,266,369,269,342,261,329,261,321,252,319,246,322,238,320,234,304,222,297,213,304,202,311,192,325,187,333,173,329,164,325,151,325,132,332,111,343,103,349,81,350,62,344,45,339,35,342,31,350,31,354,36,361,51,362,62,365,77,374,78,379,80,387,87,402,90,408,81,410,75,410,83,419,89,421,95,424,101,426,102,426,123,419,157,407,162,406,177,413,199,416" alt="Атырау" title="Атырау" /><area href="/wiki/%D3%A8%D1%80%D0%BD%D3%A9%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" shape="poly" coords="17,334,31,343,98,354,118,352,139,339,154,324,174,321,177,327,184,330,191,331,195,319,198,309,211,309,223,301,222,286,249,282,251,260,251,239,249,231,241,220,223,204,214,200,211,198,195,198,191,198,186,191,177,193,171,198,165,199,158,196,152,192,142,192,134,195,131,204,122,216,115,216,106,218,99,223,99,225,91,229,84,234,81,239,84,253,84,261,80,267,66,269,57,257,49,249,49,249,33,255,33,262,35,269,33,272,24,281,23,291,29,296,30,302,27,309,16,325" alt="Өрнөд Казахстан" title="Өрнөд Казахстан" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D3%A9%D0%B1%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B6" shape="poly" coords="264,323,252,314,249,326,227,311,231,304,224,294,230,286,241,286,247,277,247,255,251,239,261,230,261,224,271,230,279,237,291,237,296,237,302,226,323,219,335,222,338,224,351,215,363,215,370,223,382,234,394,237,402,238,416,230,425,231,437,236,441,230,455,224,466,211,474,215,482,234,486,245,496,256,500,271,491,287,504,312,514,325,529,337,539,347,545,366,532,372,501,394,495,397,482,375,467,355,449,360,446,372,442,384,428,387,424,387,419,397,419,402,410,406,396,423,387,436,382,442,374,450,371,458,341,469,321,476,316,474,311,438,307,421,293,407,274,403,267,392,265,371,269,356,269,342,265,331,262,312" alt="Актөбе" title="Актөбе" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B6" shape="poly" coords="533,343,546,335,552,315,571,315,589,313,609,294,627,267,647,246,650,241,629,242,617,241,601,232,585,230,575,230,571,222,570,202,572,188,573,184,582,169,587,156,592,140,595,121,595,97,594,73,590,65,573,62,545,71,514,76,496,81,489,86,474,88,461,87,451,88,446,96,446,104,454,111,467,119,475,123,474,129,451,132,446,136,442,146,445,156,442,164,432,169,423,181,427,189,441,197,465,207,474,218,482,231,487,241,499,255,502,266,490,283,488,292,498,309" alt="Костанай" title="Костанай" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" shape="poly" coords="592,61,590,92,591,114,595,144,594,157,632,166,647,166,660,149,674,134,672,116,677,109,704,107,735,121,754,126,767,128,774,138,791,146,820,155,824,154,819,148,819,143,815,131,815,126,809,110,812,99,819,91,797,87,762,81,744,81,739,70,739,37,719,37,698,33,679,26,661,36,647,44,630,49" alt="Умард Казахстан" title="Умард Казахстан" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B6" shape="poly" coords="591,156,588,166,583,177,574,187,569,202,574,220,578,227,584,233,630,241,637,244,654,234,667,229,673,236,678,247,690,252,705,255,727,257,735,250,743,234,750,234,769,237,772,242,797,229,810,219,804,203,808,201,822,198,826,187,828,164,820,155,798,147,822,152,823,145,827,137,824,136,819,141,817,147,807,150,795,146,784,139,767,134,755,134,754,130,749,118,732,117,715,116,690,106,680,106,667,111,675,129,664,144,656,152,645,162,605,167,594,167" alt="Акмола" title="Акмола" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B6" shape="poly" coords="823,151,822,147,826,139,825,139,821,139,818,134,820,120,818,111,842,106,855,109,867,92,894,72,914,64,909,74,909,92,931,109,947,127,962,139,965,153,975,171,979,176,982,181,975,196,955,206,947,214,955,225,959,230,962,237,966,247,966,256,959,258,942,259,937,244,925,235,915,237,908,244,885,251,851,261,860,256,860,246,843,234,833,235,827,228,827,215,824,205,837,200" alt="Павлодар" title="Павлодар" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B6" shape="poly" coords="499,394,518,377,535,362,537,356,537,344,554,331,556,318,568,312,588,312,592,310,610,295,620,281,637,261,646,250,654,234,667,227,670,232,678,244,688,253,704,253,709,256,723,259,737,246,745,236,752,233,759,239,765,246,776,246,791,235,800,225,809,217,804,212,807,208,817,208,822,214,823,224,822,230,829,237,844,239,847,243,850,249,847,260,848,266,878,261,894,249,906,239,920,244,932,257,919,278,915,283,908,291,910,303,913,312,919,322,925,327,922,335,918,347,917,364,914,374,917,384,923,389,924,397,923,403,925,411,914,416,873,409,859,407,847,416,830,438,813,448,717,449,665,449,621,444,618,436,593,436,575,431,564,422,560,417,537,407,489,399" alt="Караганды" title="Караганды" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B6" shape="poly" coords="374,461,383,441,397,431,418,403,427,389,449,388,457,357,476,368,493,382,497,391,521,407,554,422,599,435,619,441,629,446,629,459,631,484,638,495,640,510,643,521,646,530,635,563,624,580,611,589,600,590,594,587,587,574,575,557,566,544,547,544,541,545,519,545,491,545,466,554,457,542,434,504,412,484,381,461" alt="Кызылорда" title="Кызылорда" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B6" shape="poly" coords="605,625,596,621,588,610,589,602,627,581,637,567,645,547,651,525,644,513,637,501,637,487,635,476,626,466,624,451,632,440,659,441,682,443,695,459,699,491,692,520,690,539,690,552,697,568,714,586,725,595,734,603,732,609,717,615,713,619,705,633,691,643,684,651,674,662,669,669,667,676,657,679,651,674,649,662,642,657,628,655,616,652,611,650,609,647,609,640,611,627,610,626" alt="Түркистан муж" title="Түркистан муж" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%BB_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B6" shape="poly" coords="773,589,757,585,746,591,743,597,735,600,732,602,726,597,719,587,714,579,710,567,698,560,694,557,694,542,696,537,702,526,705,515,705,496,701,483,687,455,682,446,682,445,733,444,769,444,799,446,815,444,820,444,823,466,824,476,826,489,832,496,841,504,850,517,858,522,864,532,860,540,859,543,867,552,870,555,870,561,869,570,877,579,870,585,855,577,837,570,830,570,818,571,811,578,809,591,809,596,809,597,800,594,784,585,767,584" alt="Жамбал" title="Жамбал" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" shape="poly" coords="952,386,946,389,939,391,926,390,914,389,908,382,909,376,915,359,919,350,915,342,913,336,915,332,925,327,924,316,911,314,910,312,911,305,911,299,896,284,904,283,925,282,924,272,924,269,937,259,939,258,969,264,971,256,969,242,959,227,952,218,958,207,972,202,980,201,984,199,997,217,1005,227,1014,222,1023,210,1037,213,1042,222,1065,227,1081,220,1095,220,1117,230,1122,236,1127,247,1131,254,1146,262,1153,271,1153,277,1158,282,1176,286,1185,284,1200,274,1203,279,1210,294,1210,298,1198,306,1198,313,1198,324,1190,329,1182,334,1168,350,1163,375,1165,382,1157,399,1142,404,1123,399,1097,392,1095,394,1087,416,1075,446,1077,457,1075,461,1065,457,1061,449,1052,429,1048,424,1040,421,1028,413,1009,406,1007,406,999,406,983,407,979,396,965,391,960,391,957,389" alt="Дорнод Казахстан" title="Дорнод Казахстан" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B6" shape="poly" coords="1013,485,999,492,1002,494,1014,495,1012,504,1009,520,1011,530,1015,544,1018,557,1020,567,1018,574,1012,582,1001,608,1000,604,974,589,964,587,950,584,917,584,892,584,883,582,879,576,874,569,867,560,864,551,864,545,866,532,866,521,859,512,847,497,839,486,833,477,829,467,831,438,836,429,852,416,869,409,892,410,912,414,920,417,930,412,930,394,935,393,950,389,967,394,989,401,999,406,1004,406,1012,412,1023,418,1032,422,1047,427,1051,432,1058,440,1065,449,1068,453,1070,459,1077,466,1078,469,1078,477,1068,480,1052,472,1035,474,1013,486,1008,486,1005,487,1012,492,1014,497,1015,504,1014,519,1014,525,1017,539,1019,544,1023,556,1023,561,1017,567,1017,575,1011,590,1011,600,1011,605" alt="Алматы" title="Алматы" /></map><figcaption>Karte</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Алматы → <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Алматы">Алимт</a></li> <li>Актөбе → <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D3%A9%D0%B1%D0%B5" title="Актөбе">Агдов</a></li> <li>Жамбыл → <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Жамбыл (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Жамбал</a></li> <li>Караганды → <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Харганат">Харганат</a></li> <li>Костанай → <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Костанай">Хостанай</a></li> <li>Шымкент → <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Чимкент">Чимкент</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Нэг муж дунджаар 1.03 сая хүн, 194 мянган км² талбай хамардаг бол аудан хамгийн багадаа 10 мянган хүн, 1700 км² талбайтай гэнэ. Мужийн хотуудаас 650 мянган хүнтэй том, 5 мянган хүнтэй жижиг нь ч байх бөгөөд энгийн суурингийн дунд 59,425 оршин суугчтай том байх нь үнэхээр харилцан адилгүй. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Цэрэг_зэвсэг"><span id=".D0.A6.D1.8D.D1.80.D1.8D.D0.B3_.D0.B7.D1.8D.D0.B2.D1.81.D1.8D.D0.B3"></span>Цэрэг зэвсэг</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Dmitry_Medvedev_in_South_Korea,_March_2012-15.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Dmitry_Medvedev_in_South_Korea%2C_March_2012-15.jpeg/220px-Dmitry_Medvedev_in_South_Korea%2C_March_2012-15.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Dmitry_Medvedev_in_South_Korea%2C_March_2012-15.jpeg/330px-Dmitry_Medvedev_in_South_Korea%2C_March_2012-15.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Dmitry_Medvedev_in_South_Korea%2C_March_2012-15.jpeg/440px-Dmitry_Medvedev_in_South_Korea%2C_March_2012-15.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="678" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%9E%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Барак Обама">Обама</a>, Назарбаев, <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Дмитрий Медведев">Медведев</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Казахстаны зэвсэгт хүчин хуурай замын, нисэх, агаарын довтолгооноос хамгаалах, тэнгисийн, хүндэт харуулын гэж салбарладаг. Цэргийн албан хаагчийн тоо 31,000. Батлан хамгаалахын зардал ДНБ-ын 1.1%. </p><p>Зөвлөлт, Орост үйлдвэрлэсэн зэвсэг техниктэй. Жишээлбэл Т-72 танк — 670 ширхэг, БТР-70 хуягт — 190, БМ-21 пуужин харвагч машин — 190, МиГ-29 сөнөөгч онгоц — 39 байна. Тэнгисийн цэргийн боомт нь <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Актау (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Актау</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Гадаад_харилцаа"><span id=".D0.93.D0.B0.D0.B4.D0.B0.D0.B0.D0.B4_.D1.85.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B8.D0.BB.D1.86.D0.B0.D0.B0"></span>Гадаад харилцаа</h3></div> <p>Казах улс хөршүүдтэйгээ найрсаг харилцаатай. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D2%AE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Нэгдсэн Үндэстний Байгууллага">НҮБ</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B3%D2%AF%D0%B9_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Европын аюулгүй байдал хамтын ажиллагааны байгууллага (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">ЕАБХАБ</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D3%A9%D1%85%D3%A9%D1%80%D3%A9%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тусгаар улсуудын хамтын нөхөрөл (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">ТУХН</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Шанхайн Хамтын Ажиллагааны Байгууллага">ШХАБ</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%B3%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Евразийн эдийн засгийн нийгэмлэг (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">ЕАЭЗН</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Исламын хамтын ажиллагааны байгууллага (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">ИХАБ</a> зэрэг олон улсын байгууллагын гишүүн юм. Дэлхийн 130 оронтой, түүнээс <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Монгол Улс">Монгол Улстай</a> 1992 оны 1-р сарын 22-нд дипломат харилцаа тогтоосон.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Сансрын буудал бүхий <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Байконур (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Байконур</a> хотыг <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Оросын Холбооны Улс">Оросын Холбооны Улсад</a> түрээслүүлсэн. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Аж_байдал"><span id=".D0.90.D0.B6_.D0.B1.D0.B0.D0.B9.D0.B4.D0.B0.D0.BB"></span>Аж байдал</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Эдийн_засаг"><span id=".D0.AD.D0.B4.D0.B8.D0.B9.D0.BD_.D0.B7.D0.B0.D1.81.D0.B0.D0.B3"></span>Эдийн засаг</h3></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0(3264-2448).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%283264-2448%29.jpg/200px-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%283264-2448%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%283264-2448%29.jpg/300px-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%283264-2448%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%283264-2448%29.jpg/400px-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%283264-2448%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Көкшетаугийн тариан талбай</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Petroleum_regions_-_Russia_map-fr.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Petroleum_regions_-_Russia_map-fr.svg/200px-Petroleum_regions_-_Russia_map-fr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Petroleum_regions_-_Russia_map-fr.svg/300px-Petroleum_regions_-_Russia_map-fr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Petroleum_regions_-_Russia_map-fr.svg/400px-Petroleum_regions_-_Russia_map-fr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="985" data-file-height="746" /></a><figcaption>Газрын тос, шатдаг хийн ордууд Каспийн эргээр байдаг.</figcaption></figure> <p>2014 онд <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%82_%D0%B1%D2%AF%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%85%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BD" title="Дотоодын нийт бүтээгдэхүүн">дотоодын нийт бүтээгдэхүүний</a> хэмжээ 420 тэрбум <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Америк доллар">ам.доллар</a> байсан. Нэг хүнд 24000 $ ноогдоно. <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Дундад Ази">Дундад Азид</a> эдийн засгийн чадавхаар тэргүүлдэг. Жилийн өсөлтийн хувь — 8%. Мөнгөний нэгж — <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5" title="Казахстаны тенге">тенге</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Газрын тос">Газрын тос</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="Шатдаг хий">шатдаг хийн</a> олборлолтоос их орлого олдог. Мөн <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%81" title="Нүүрс">нүүрс</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D3%A8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D3%A9%D1%82_%D1%82%D3%A9%D0%BC%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BB%D3%A9%D0%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Өнгөт төмөрлөг (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">өнгөт төмөрлөг</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%BC%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%85%D2%AF%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Төмрийн хүдэр (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">төмрийн хүдэр</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D2%AE%D1%80_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Үр тариа">үр тариа</a> экспортолдог. </p><p>Банкны системийн хөгжил сайн. Банкны нийт хөрөнгийн хэмжээ 50 сая доллар байдгаараа <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Украйн">Украйны</a> жишигт хүрсэн. Үнийн өсөлт тогтвортой 10%-аас бага. </p> <div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_78umxk85lcrn0oj72r11a4lxcyd4mf2"><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" coords="25,155,116,175" title="Итали" alt="Итали" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" coords="25,124,127,145" title="Герман" alt="Герман" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86" coords="25,93,116,114" title="Франц" alt="Франц" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81" coords="25,62,105,83" title="Орос улс" alt="Орос улс" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81" coords="25,31,116,52" title="Хятад улс" alt="Хятад улс" /></map><img usemap="#timeline_78umxk85lcrn0oj72r11a4lxcyd4mf2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/mn/timeline/78umxk85lcrn0oj72r11a4lxcyd4mf2.png" /></div> <div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_qq2m369zh5nm1yqhmtbqyn6issgno09"><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" coords="25,149,127,169" title="Украйн" alt="Украйн" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" coords="25,112,127,132" title="Герман" alt="Герман" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81" coords="25,75,116,95" title="Хятад улс" alt="Хятад улс" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81" coords="25,38,105,58" title="Орос улс" alt="Орос улс" /></map><img usemap="#timeline_qq2m369zh5nm1yqhmtbqyn6issgno09" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/mn/timeline/qq2m369zh5nm1yqhmtbqyn6issgno09.png" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Зам_тээвэр"><span id=".D0.97.D0.B0.D0.BC_.D1.82.D1.8D.D1.8D.D0.B2.D1.8D.D1.80"></span>Зам тээвэр</h3></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Alfarabi3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Alfarabi3.jpg/200px-Alfarabi3.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Alfarabi3.jpg/300px-Alfarabi3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Alfarabi3.jpg/400px-Alfarabi3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Алматын зам</figcaption></figure> <p>Казахстан 189,000 километр авто замтайгийн 108,100 км нь <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Цардмал зам (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">цардмал зам</a>. Улсын хэмжээнд 3,264,400 тээврийн хэрэгсэл байна. <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Алматы">Алматаас</a> эхтэй Узбек, Оросын хил хүрсэн таван чиглэлийн хурдны зам тавигдсан байдаг. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%BC%D3%A9%D1%80_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Төмөр зам">Төмөр замын</a> урт 15333 км бөгөөд <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%82%D3%A9%D0%BC%D3%A9%D1%80_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%A2%D3%A8%D0%A5%D0%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Казахын төмөр зам ТӨХК (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Казахын төмөр зам ТӨХК</a> ажилладаг. Бүх таван хөрштэйгээ төмөр замаар холбогдсон. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Хятад улс">Хятад улстай</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Достык (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Достык</a> хилийн боомт, <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Зүүнгарын хаалга">Зүүнгарын хаалгаар</a> холбогдоно. Цариг сольдог. Алматы, Астана хоёр хот <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Метро">метротой</a>. </p><p>Иргэний агаарын тээврийн <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%B9%D1%80_%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Эйр Астана (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Эйр Астана</a> компани Алматын олон улсын нисэх буудал, Астанагийн олон улсын нисэх буудал, Атыраугийн нисэх буудлыг ашиглан дотоод, гадаадын нислэг үйлдэнэ. Улсын хэмжээнд 22 томоохон нисэх буудал бий. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Өв_соёл"><span id=".D3.A8.D0.B2_.D1.81.D0.BE.D1.91.D0.BB"></span>Өв соёл</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:L.N.Gumilyov_Eurasian_National_University.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/L.N.Gumilyov_Eurasian_National_University.JPG/220px-L.N.Gumilyov_Eurasian_National_University.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/L.N.Gumilyov_Eurasian_National_University.JPG/330px-L.N.Gumilyov_Eurasian_National_University.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/L.N.Gumilyov_Eurasian_National_University.JPG/440px-L.N.Gumilyov_Eurasian_National_University.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Үүсээд удаагүй ч нэр хүндтэй <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%81%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Евразийн улсын их сургууль (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Евразийн улсын их сургууль</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Боловсрол"><span id=".D0.91.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.B2.D1.81.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.BB"></span>Боловсрол</h3></div> <p>Казахын насанд хүрэгчдийн 99.5% бичиг үсэгт тайлагдсан. Хүүхдүүд бага (1-4 анги), дунд (5-9 анги), бүрэн дунд (10, 11, 12) боловсрол эзэмшдэг. Дээд боловсрол бакалавр, магистр, докторын зэрэг гээд шатлана. Томоохон их сургууль: </p> <ul><li>Аль-Фарабийн нэрэмжит <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%81%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Казахстан улсын их сургууль (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Казахстан улсын их сургууль</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%93%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%B2" title="Лев Гумилёв">Лев Гумилёв</a>ын нэрэмжит <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%81%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Евразийн улсын их сургууль (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Евразийн улсын их сургууль</a></li> <li>М. Ауэзовын нэрэмжит <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D3%A8%D0%BC%D0%BD%D3%A9_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%81%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Өмнө Казахстаны улсын их сургууль (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Өмнө Казахстаны улсын их сургууль</a></li> <li>Е. Букетовын нэрэмжит <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%81%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Карагандын улсын их сургууль (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Карагандын улсын их сургууль</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Баяр_ёслол"><span id=".D0.91.D0.B0.D1.8F.D1.80_.D1.91.D1.81.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.BB"></span>Баяр ёслол</h3></div> <p>Баяр ёслолын өдрүүд: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_1" title="1 сарын 1">1 сарын 1</a> — Шинэ жил — (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="Хасаг хэл">хас.</a> <i><span title="Казах-language text"><span lang="kk">Жаңа жыл</span></span></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_7" title="1 сарын 7">1 сарын 7</a> — [Үнэн алдартны шашны] Христийн төрсөн өдөр — (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Орос хэл">Орос</a>: <span lang="ru">Рождество Христово</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/3_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_8" title="3 сарын 8">3 сарын 8</a> — Олон улсын эмэгтэйчүүдийн өдөр — (<i>Халықаралық әйелдер күні</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/3_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_21" title="3 сарын 21">3 сарын 21</a>-<a href="/wiki/3_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_23" title="3 сарын 23">23</a> — (шинэ жил) <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Наурыз (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Наурызын баяр</a> — (<i>Наурыз мейрамы</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_1" title="5 сарын 1">5 сарын 1</a> — Казахын ард түмний эв нэгдлийн баяр — (Қазақстан халқының бірлігі мерекесі)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_7" title="5 сарын 7">5 сарын 7</a> — Эх орноо хамгаалагсдын өдөр — (<i>Отан Қорғаушы күні</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_9" title="5 сарын 9">5 сарын 9</a> — Ялалтын өдөр — (<i>Жеңіс күні</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/7_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_6" title="7 сарын 6">7 сарын 6</a> — Нийслэлийн өдөр — (<i>Астана күні</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/8_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_30" title="8 сарын 30">8 сарын 30</a> — Казахстан улсын үндсэн хуулийн өдөр — (<i>Қазақстан Республикасының Конституциясы күні</i>)</li> <li>10 сарын нэгэн өдөр — <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Курбан айт (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Курбан айт</a> — (<i>Құрбан айт</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/12_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_1" title="12 сарын 1">12 сарын 1</a> — Анхны ерөнхийлөгчийн өдөр — (<i>Тұңғыш Президент күні</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/12_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_16" title="12 сарын 16">12 сарын 16</a>-<a href="/wiki/12_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_17" title="12 сарын 17">17</a> — Тусгаар тогтнолын өдөр — (<i>Тәуелсіздік күні</i>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Урлаг"><span id=".D0.A3.D1.80.D0.BB.D0.B0.D0.B3"></span>Урлаг</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Horsemeat_platter.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Horsemeat_platter.jpg/220px-Horsemeat_platter.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Horsemeat_platter.jpg/330px-Horsemeat_platter.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Horsemeat_platter.jpg/440px-Horsemeat_platter.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="745" /></a><figcaption>Адууны мах «<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8B" title="Казы">казы»</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85_%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Казах үндэстэн">Казах үндэстний</a> урлагт суурилдаг. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Домбор (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Домбор</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кобыз (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">кобыз</a> хөгжмийн зэмсэг бий. <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Гэр">Гэр</a> урлал, нэхмэл эртнийх. </p><p>Казах зохиолч, философич: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Абай Кунанбаев (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Абай Кунанбаев</a>, Макатаев, Шакарим, Байтурсынов, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Чокан Валиханов (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Чокан Валиханов</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Олжас Сулейменов (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Олжас Сулейменов</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%90%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мухтар Ауэзов (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Мухтар Ауэзов</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82_%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Габит Мусрепов (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Габит Мусрепов</a> гэх мэт. </p><p>Шакен Аймановын нэрэмжит «Казакфильм» (Казах кино) студи 1934 онд нээгдэж, олон кино бүтээсэн. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Бешбармак">Бешбармак</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8B" title="Казы">казы</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Куырдак (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">куырдак</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Плов (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">плов</a> зэрэг хоол уламжлан хийж иржээ. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Спорт"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.BF.D0.BE.D1.80.D1.82"></span>Спорт</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:%C3%96sterreich-Rundfahrt_2013_Wien_Siegerehrung_Team_Astana_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/%C3%96sterreich-Rundfahrt_2013_Wien_Siegerehrung_Team_Astana_02.jpg/220px-%C3%96sterreich-Rundfahrt_2013_Wien_Siegerehrung_Team_Astana_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/%C3%96sterreich-Rundfahrt_2013_Wien_Siegerehrung_Team_Astana_02.jpg/330px-%C3%96sterreich-Rundfahrt_2013_Wien_Siegerehrung_Team_Astana_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/%C3%96sterreich-Rundfahrt_2013_Wien_Siegerehrung_Team_Astana_02.jpg/440px-%C3%96sterreich-Rundfahrt_2013_Wien_Siegerehrung_Team_Astana_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>Мэргэжлийн дугуйн "Астана" баг</figcaption></figure> <p>Байга, кыз куу, кокпар, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%B1%D3%A9%D1%85_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Казах бөх барилдаан (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">казах бөх барилдаан</a>, тогыз кумалак, асык зэрэг уламжлалт тоглоом наадгай байна. </p><p>Казахстан улсын баг 1994 оноос хойш өвөл, зуны олимпод орж эхэлсэн. 2015 оны байдлаар <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="Зуны олимп">Зуны олимпоос</a> нийт 52, үүнээс 16 алт, <a href="/wiki/%D3%A8%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="Өвлийн олимп">Өвлийн олимпоос</a> нийт 7, үүнээс 1 алтан медаль хүртээд байна. <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Бокс">Бокс</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D3%A9%D1%85_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бөх барилдаан (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">бөх барилдаан</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%B3%D3%A9%D0%BB%D1%82" title="Хүндийн өргөлт">хүндийн өргөлт</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D3%A9%D0%BD%D0%B3%D3%A9%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Хөнгөн атлетик">хөнгөн атлетик</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D2%AF%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%86%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гүйлтийн цана (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">гүйлтийн цанаар</a> алтан медаль хүртэж байв. Дугуйчин <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Александр Винокуров (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Александр Винокуров</a>, цаначин <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Владимир Смирнов (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Владимир Смирнов</a> зэрэг алдартай тамирчид бий. </p><p>Олон нийтийн дунд <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D3%A9%D0%BB%D0%B1%D3%A9%D0%BC%D0%B1%D3%A9%D0%B3" title="Хөлбөмбөг">хөлбөмбөг</a> хамгийн их дэлгэрсэн. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%85%D3%A9%D0%BB%D0%B1%D3%A9%D0%BC%D0%B1%D3%A9%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%A8%D0%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Казахын хөлбөмбөгийн АШТ (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Казахын хөлбөмбөгийн дээд лигт</a> 12 баг тоглодог. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%85%D3%A9%D0%BB%D0%B1%D3%A9%D0%BC%D0%B1%D3%A9%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%88%D1%8D%D1%8D_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Казахстан улсын хөлбөмбөгийн шигшээ баг (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Казахстан улсын хөлбөмбөгийн шигшээ баг</a> дэлхийн чансааны 134-р байрыг эзэлж байна. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%85%D3%A9%D0%BB%D0%B1%D3%A9%D0%BC%D0%B1%D3%A9%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Европын хөлбөмбөгийн холбоо (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Европын хөлбөмбөгийн холбооны</a> тэмцээнд тоглодог болсон. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Зургийн_цомог"><span id=".D0.97.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B3.D0.B8.D0.B9.D0.BD_.D1.86.D0.BE.D0.BC.D0.BE.D0.B3"></span>Зургийн цомог</h2></div> <div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kazakhstan">Commons: Kazakhstan</a></span></b> – Викимедиа зураг, бичлэг, дууны сан</div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 170px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Buddainalmaty.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title=""Тамгалы-Тас" бурхант 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Buddatemple1.JPG/270px-Buddatemple1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Buddatemple1.JPG/360px-Buddatemple1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Буддын сүм (Алматы муж)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 170px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Dzhuchi_khan_mausoleum.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Зүчийн бунхан"><img alt="Зүчийн бунхан" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Dzhuchi_khan_mausoleum.jpg/180px-Dzhuchi_khan_mausoleum.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Dzhuchi_khan_mausoleum.jpg/270px-Dzhuchi_khan_mausoleum.jpg 1.5x, 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Traditional_costume_for_Nowruz.JPG/360px-Traditional_costume_for_Nowruz.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Казахын Наурузын баярын үе</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 170px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Map_of_Kazakhstan_rus.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Казахын мужууд  (орос.)"><img alt="Казахын мужууд  (орос.)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/mn/thumb/9/9d/Map_of_Kazakhstan_rus.jpg/180px-Map_of_Kazakhstan_rus.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/mn/thumb/9/9d/Map_of_Kazakhstan_rus.jpg/270px-Map_of_Kazakhstan_rus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/mn/thumb/9/9d/Map_of_Kazakhstan_rus.jpg/360px-Map_of_Kazakhstan_rus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3700" data-file-height="2332" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Казахын мужууд  <span class="ref-info" title="Орос хэл" style="font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:#888;">(орос.)</span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 170px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Зам тээврийн газрын зураг"><img alt="Зам тээврийн газрын зураг" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/mn/thumb/b/b4/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD.jpg/180px-%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/mn/thumb/b/b4/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD.jpg/270px-%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/mn/thumb/b/b4/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD.jpg/360px-%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="891" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Зам тээврийн газрын зураг</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 170px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Map_of_Kazakhstan_physic.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Физик газар зүйн зураг"><img alt="Физик газар зүйн зураг" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/mn/thumb/b/bb/Map_of_Kazakhstan_physic.jpg/180px-Map_of_Kazakhstan_physic.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/mn/thumb/b/bb/Map_of_Kazakhstan_physic.jpg/270px-Map_of_Kazakhstan_physic.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/mn/thumb/b/bb/Map_of_Kazakhstan_physic.jpg/360px-Map_of_Kazakhstan_physic.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3996" data-file-height="2241" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Физик газар зүйн зураг</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Тэмдэглэл"><span id=".D0.A2.D1.8D.D0.BC.D0.B4.D1.8D.D0.B3.D0.BB.D1.8D.D0.BB"></span>Тэмдэглэл</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r791159">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Казахстанчууд" нь үндэс угсаа харгалзахгүйгээр Казахстаны бүх иргэдийг хэлнэ.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Орос хэлээр өө.сс.жжжж.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Лавлах,_тайлбар"><span id=".D0.9B.D0.B0.D0.B2.D0.BB.D0.B0.D1.85.2C_.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.B9.D0.BB.D0.B1.D0.B0.D1.80"></span>Лавлах, тайлбар</h2></div> <div class="references-small" style="column-count:2;-moz-column-count:2;-webkit-column-count:2;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r793951">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230611141129/https://stat.gov.kz/upload/iblock/a12/57roawwnluccyhgdg2y3e95w057obbi8/%D2%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D2%9B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%20%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%20%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D2%9B%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3%20%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B.pdf">"Archive copy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stat.gov.kz/upload/iblock/a12/57roawwnluccyhgdg2y3e95w057obbi8/%D2%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D2%9B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%20%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%20%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D2%9B%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3%20%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B.pdf">Эх хувилбараас</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> архивласан: 2023-06-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Татаж авсан: <span class="nowrap">2023-07-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archive+copy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstat.gov.kz%2Fupload%2Fiblock%2Fa12%2F57roawwnluccyhgdg2y3e95w057obbi8%2F%25D2%259A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D2%259B%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%2520%25D0%25A0%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D0%25BF%25D1%2583%25D0%25B1%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0%25D1%2581%25D1%258B%2520%25D1%2585%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D2%259B%25D1%258B%25D0%25BD%25D1%258B%25D2%25A3%2520%25D1%2581%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D1%258B.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmn.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80:Cite_web" title="Загвар:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Ангилал:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://stat.gov.kz/api/iblock/element/20969/file/kk/">https://stat.gov.kz/api/iblock/element/20969/file/kk/</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2021EthnicStatistics-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2021EthnicStatistics_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r793951"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220902140633/https://stat.gov.kz/api/getFile/?docId=ESTAT464825">"2021 жылғы Қазақстан Республикасы халқының ұлттық санағының қорытындылары"</a> [Results of the 2021 Population Census of the Republic of Kazakhstan] (Kazakh хэлээр). Agency of Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan National Bureau of Statistics. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stat.gov.kz/api/getFile/?docId=ESTAT464825">Эх хувилбараас</a> архивласан: 2 Есдүгээр сар 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Татаж авсан: <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2021+%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB%D2%93%D1%8B+%D2%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D2%9B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B+%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D2%9B%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3+%D2%B1%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8B%D2%9B+%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3+%D2%9B%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B&rft.pub=Agency+of+Strategic+Planning+and+Reforms+of+the+Republic+of+Kazakhstan+National+Bureau+of+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstat.gov.kz%2Fapi%2FgetFile%2F%3FdocId%3DESTAT464825&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmn.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80:Cite_web" title="Загвар:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (<a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB:CS1_maint:_unrecognized_language" title="Ангилал:CS1 maint: unrecognized language">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Viktorova-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Viktorova_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r793951"><cite id="CITEREFViktorova2022" class="citation web cs1">Viktorova, Polina (30 November 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cabar.asia/en/how-the-number-of-believers-changed-in-kazakhstan">"How the Number of Believers Changed in Kazakhstan"</a>. <i>CABAR.asia</i>. The Institute for War & Peace Reporting<span class="reference-accessdate">. Татаж авсан: <span class="nowrap">11 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CABAR.asia&rft.atitle=How+the+Number+of+Believers+Changed+in+Kazakhstan&rft.date=2022-11-30&rft.aulast=Viktorova&rft.aufirst=Polina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcabar.asia%2Fen%2Fhow-the-number-of-believers-changed-in-kazakhstan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmn.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r793951"><cite id="CITEREFSchneiderLarsenKrumovVazow2013" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Schneider, Johann F.; Larsen, Knud S.; Krumov, Krum; Vazow, Grigorii (2013). [[[:Загвар:GBurl]] <i>Advances in International Psychology: Research Approaches and Personal Dispositions, Socialization Processes and Organizational Behavior</i>] (англи хэлээр). Kassel university press GmbH. p. 164. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9:BookSources/978-3-86219-454-4" title="Тусгай:BookSources/978-3-86219-454-4"><bdi>978-3-86219-454-4</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180227164424/https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=p_TauaCvBdUC">Архивласан</a> огноо 27 February 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Advances+in+International+Psychology%3A+Research+Approaches+and+Personal+Dispositions%2C+Socialization+Processes+and+Organizational+Behavior&rft.pages=164&rft.pub=Kassel+university+press+GmbH&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-3-86219-454-4&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.aufirst=Johann+F.&rft.au=Larsen%2C+Knud+S.&rft.au=Krumov%2C+Krum&rft.au=Vazow%2C+Grigorii&rft_id=%3A%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%3AGBurl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmn.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80:Cite_book" title="Загвар:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Check <code class="cs1-code">|url=</code> value (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B6:CS1_errors#bad_url" title="Тусламж:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r793951"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/kazakhstan">"Kazakhstan"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_World_Factbook&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The World Factbook (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">The World Factbook</a></i> (2025 ed.). <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%9D%D0%A3-%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%82%D3%A9%D0%B2_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80" title="АНУ-ын Тагнуулын төв газар">АНУ-ын Тагнуулын төв газар</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Татаж авсан: <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Kazakhstan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fkazakhstan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmn.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/about/archives/download/factbook-2022.zip">(Archived 2022 edition)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IMF-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-IMF_8-0">7.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-IMF_8-1">7.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-IMF_8-2">7.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-IMF_8-3">7.3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r793951"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2022/October/weo-report?c=916,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2020&ey=2027&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1">"World Economic Outlook Database, October 2022"</a>. <i>IMF.org</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Monetary_Fund&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Monetary Fund (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">International Monetary Fund</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Татаж авсан: <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IMF.org&rft.atitle=World+Economic+Outlook+Database%2C+October+2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fen%2FPublications%2FWEO%2Fweo-database%2F2022%2FOctober%2Fweo-report%3Fc%3D916%2C%26s%3DNGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC%2C%26sy%3D2020%26ey%3D2027%26ssm%3D0%26scsm%3D1%26scc%3D0%26ssd%3D1%26ssc%3D0%26sic%3D0%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmn.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WB1-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-WB1_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r793951"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?locations=KZ">"GINI index (World Bank estimate)"</a>. <i>data.worldbank.org</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Bank&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="World Bank (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">World Bank</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200518140724/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?locations=KZ">Архивласан</a> огноо 18 May 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Татаж авсан: <span class="nowrap">25 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=data.worldbank.org&rft.atitle=GINI+index+%28World+Bank+estimate%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.worldbank.org%2Findicator%2FSI.POV.GINI%3Flocations%3DKZ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmn.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNHDR-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-UNHDR_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r793951"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf">"Human Development Report 2021/2022"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (англи хэлээр). <a href="/w/index.php?title=United_Nations_Development_Programme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United Nations Development Programme (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">United Nations Development Programme</a>. 8 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Татаж авсан: <span class="nowrap">25 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Human+Development+Report+2021%2F2022&rft.pub=United+Nations+Development+Programme&rft.date=2022-09-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fsystem%2Ffiles%2Fdocuments%2Fglobal-report-document%2Fhdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmn.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bse.sci-lib.com/article036382.html"><i>Европа</i></a> — статья из Большой советской энциклопедии</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r793951"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091130203744/http://www.akorda.kz/www/www_akorda_kz.nsf/sections?OpenForm&id_doc=079D5421E0113E40462572340019E81F&lang=ru&L1=L1&L2=L1-1">"Информация о Казахстане на официальном сайте Президента РК"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.akorda.kz/www/www_akorda_kz.nsf/sections?OpenForm&id_doc=079D5421E0113E40462572340019E81F&lang=ru&L1=L1&L2=L1-1">Эх хувилбараас</a> архивласан: 2009-11-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Татаж авсан: <span class="nowrap">2013-07-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%BE+%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC+%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%B5+%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%A0%D0%9A&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.akorda.kz%2Fwww%2Fwww_akorda_kz.nsf%2Fsections%3FOpenForm%26id_doc%3D079D5421E0113E40462572340019E81F%26lang%3Dru%26L1%3DL1%26L2%3DL1-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmn.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_39.php">Демоскоп Weekly</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_39.php">Демоскоп Weekly</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r793951"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150428181945/http://stat.gov.kz/getImg?id=ESTAT081783">"Численность населения Республики Казахстан по отдельным этносам на начало 2014 года"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stat.gov.kz/getImg?id=ESTAT081783">Эх хувилбараас</a> архивласан: 2015-04-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Татаж авсан: <span class="nowrap">2015-05-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A7%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC+%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE+2014+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstat.gov.kz%2FgetImg%3Fid%3DESTAT081783&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmn.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREF">"Scythian", <i>The New Encyclopædia Britannica, Micropædia</i>, vol. Volume 10 (15th ed.)</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-parlam-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-parlam_18-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parlam.kz/Information.aspx?doc=1&lan=ru-RU">Географическое положение, природные условия</a><blockquote><p>В республике 14 областей, 86 городов, в том числе 2 города республиканского подчинения (г. Астана, г. Алматы), 168 районов (8 районов в городах), 174 поселка</p></blockquote></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Город Байконур вместе с территорией одноимённого космодрома арендован РФ до 2050 года и, являясь городом федерального значения РФ, одновременно субъектом РФ не является. Система городского управления определяется статьей 5 Соглашения между [[РФ|Российской Федерацией и Республикой Казахстан о статусе города Байконур, порядке формирования и статусе его органов исполнительной власти от 23 декабря 2005 г. (см. Байконур. Юрисдикция)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150910063540/http://www.monembassykaz.gov.mn/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=12&Itemid=22&lang=mn">Монгол, Казакстаны харилцааны тухай</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%87%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Цахим архивчлал (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Memento</a> 10. Есдүгээр сар 2015 <i><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Цахим архив">цахим архивт</a></i>)<span style="display:none;"></span> (2010)</span> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Гадаад_холбоос"><span id=".D0.93.D0.B0.D0.B4.D0.B0.D0.B0.D0.B4_.D1.85.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.B1.D0.BE.D0.BE.D1.81"></span>Гадаад холбоос</h2></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190810182052/http://en.government.kz/">Казахын засгийн газрын цахим талбар</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080927012949/http://www.akorda.kz/www/www_akorda_kz.nsf/index?openform&lang=en">Казахын ерөнхийлөгчийн цахим талбар</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://commons.wikimedia.hfut.cf/wiki/Atlas_of_Kazakhstan">Казахын газрын зургийн цомог</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0:Link_rot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Википедиа:Link rot (ийм хуудас байхгүй)"><span title=" Энэ линк үхмэл Аравдугаар сар 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i>]</span></sup></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r729770"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r805312">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80:%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Загвар:Азийн улсууд"><abbr title="Энэ загварыг үзэх">ү</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-хэлэлцэх"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%86%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3:%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Загварын хэлэлцүүлэг:Азийн улсууд (ийм хуудас байхгүй)"><abbr title="Энэ загварыг хэлэлцэх">х</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-засварлах"><a class="external text" href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80:%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4&action=edit"><abbr title="Энэ загварыг засварлах">з</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Азийн_улс_болон_хараат_нутаг_дэвсгэрүүд" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Ази">Азийн</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82" title="Азийн орнуудын жагсаалт">улс болон хараат нутаг дэвсгэрүүд</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%85%D1%82_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Бүрэн эрхт улс">Бүрэн эрхт улс</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Азербайжан">Азербайжан</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%9D%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Арабын Нэгдсэн Эмират Улс">Арабын Нэгдсэн Эмират Улс</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Армени">Армени</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Афганистан">Афганистан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Балба">Балба</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%88" title="Бангладеш">Бангладеш</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Бахрейн">Бахрейн</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Бруней">Бруней</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Бутан">Бутан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Вьетнам">Вьетнам</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B6" title="Гүрж">Гүрж</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Египет">Египет</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Зүүн Тимор">Зүүн Тимор</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Израил">Израил</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Индонез">Индонез</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Ирак">Ирак</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Иран">Иран</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%99%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Йемен">Йемен</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Йордан">Йордан</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Казахстан</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B6" title="Камбож">Камбож</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Катар">Катар</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%80" title="Кипр">Кипр</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B7" title="Киргиз">Киргиз</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82" title="Кувейт">Кувейт</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Лаос">Лаос</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ливан">Ливан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B7" title="Малайз">Малайз</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Мальдив">Мальдив</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Монгол">Монгол</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Мьянмар">Мьянмар</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Оман">Оман</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Орос">Орос</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Пакистан">Пакистан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1" title="Саудын Араб">Саудын Араб</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%80" title="Сингапур">Сингапур</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Сири">Сири</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D3%A8%D0%BC%D0%BD%D3%A9%D0%B4_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Өмнөд Солонгос">Өмнөд Солонгос</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Умард Солонгос">Умард Солонгос</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Тажикистан">Тажикистан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Тайланд">Тайланд</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Турк">Турк</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Туркменистан">Туркменистан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Узбекистан">Узбекистан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Филиппин">Филиппин</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Хятад">Хятад</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Шри Ланка">Шри Ланка</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%B3" title="Энэтхэг">Энэтхэг</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Япон">Япон</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;padding: 0 0.5em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/100px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/150px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/200px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%87%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D1%85%D2%AF%D0%BB%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D3%A9%D0%B2%D1%88%D3%A9%D3%A9%D1%80%D3%A9%D0%B3%D0%B4%D1%81%D3%A9%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хэсэгчлэн хүлээн зөвшөөрөгдсөн улс орнуудын жагсаалт (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Хязгаарлагдмал хүлээн <br />зөвшөөрөгдсөн улсууд</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Абхаз">Абхаз</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D3%A8%D0%BC%D0%BD%D3%A9%D0%B4_%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Өмнөд Осети">Өмнөд Осети</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD" class="mw-disambig" title="Палестин">Палестин</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%80" title="Умард Кипр">Умард Кипр</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Тайвань">Тайвань</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Хараат нутаг дэвсгэр">Хараат<br />нутаг дэвсгэр</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Австрали</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D1%83%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Зул Сарын Арал">Зул Сарын Арал</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81_(%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3)_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Кокос (Кийлинг) Арлууд">Кокос (Кийлинг) Арлууд</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Грек</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кастелоризон (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Кастелоризон</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Их Британи</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Акротири ба Декели (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Акротири ба Декели</a><sup>2</sup> (Тусгаар Цэргийн Бааз)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Британийн Энэтхэгийн далайн нутаг дэвсгэр (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Британийн Энэтхэгийн далайн нутаг дэвсгэр</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8C_%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Британийн далайн чанад дахь нутаг дэвсгэр (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Британийн далайн чандын нутаг дэвсгэр</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D2%AF%D1%81_(%D0%91%D0%9D%D0%A5%D0%90%D0%A3)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тусгай захиргааны бүс (БНХАУ) (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Хятадын захиргааны <br />онцгой бүс</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BE" title="Макао">Макао</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Хонконг">Хонконг</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><div class="hlist"><ul><li><sup>1</sup> Ази болон өөр тивийг холбосон уламжлалт хилийг хамардаг.</li><li><sup>2</sup> Соёл, улс төр, түүхийн шалтгаанаар Европ гэж тооцогддог боловч газарзүйн хувьд Баруун Азид байдаг.</li></ul></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Ангилал:Ази">Ангилал</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Портал:Ази (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Портал:Ази</a></b></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r729770"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r805312"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r729770"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Европын_улс_орнууд_ба_харьяа_нутгууд" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r729770"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r729540"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-үзэх"><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80:%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Загвар:Европын улсууд"><abbr title="Энэ загварыг үзэх">ү</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-хэлэлцэх"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%86%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3:%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Загварын хэлэлцүүлэг:Европын улсууд (ийм хуудас байхгүй)"><abbr title="Энэ загварыг хэлэлцэх">х</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-засварлах"><a class="external text" href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80:%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4&action=edit"><abbr title="Энэ загварыг засварлах">з</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Европын_улс_орнууд_ба_харьяа_нутгууд" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF" title="Европ">Европын</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82" title="Европын орнуудын жагсаалт">улс орнууд ба харьяа нутгууд</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%85%D1%82_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Бүрэн эрхт улс">Бүрэн эрхт улсууд</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Австри">Австри</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Азербайжан">Азербайжан</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Албани">Албани</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Андорра">Андорра</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Армени">Армени</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Беларусь">Беларусь</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Бельги">Бельги</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Болгар">Болгар</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Босни ба Херцеговин">Босни ба Херцеговин</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ватикан">Ватикан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Герман">Герман</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Грек">Грек</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B6" title="Гүрж">Гүрж</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Дани">Дани</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D2%AF%D0%B3%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Бүгд Найрамдах Ирланд Улс">Ирланд</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Исланд">Исланд</a><sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Испани">Испани</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Итали">Итали</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%85_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Их Британи">Их Британи</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Казахстан</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%80" title="Кипр">Кипр</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Латви">Латви</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Литва">Литва</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Лихтенштайн">Лихтенштайн</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Люксембург">Люксембург</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Мальта">Мальта</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2" title="Молдав">Молдав</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Монако">Монако</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Монтенегро">Монтенегро</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Нидерланд">Нидерланд</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Норвеги">Норвеги</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Орос">Орос</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88" title="Польш">Польш</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Португал">Португал</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD" title="Румын">Румын</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Сан-Марино">Сан-Марино</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8" title="Серби">Серби</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Словак">Словак</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Словени">Словени</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Турк">Турк</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Украин">Украин</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Умард Македон">Умард Македон</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Унгар">Унгар</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Финланд">Финланд</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86" title="Франц">Франц</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Хорват">Хорват</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%85" title="Чех">Чех</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Швед">Швед</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Швейцар">Швейцар</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Эстони">Эстони</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;padding:0 0.5em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary_%28with_borders%29.svg/100px-Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary_%28with_borders%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary_%28with_borders%29.svg/150px-Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary_%28with_borders%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary_%28with_borders%29.svg/200px-Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary_%28with_borders%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="537" data-file-height="536" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%87%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D1%85%D2%AF%D0%BB%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D3%A9%D0%B2%D1%88%D3%A9%D3%A9%D1%80%D3%A9%D0%B3%D0%B4%D1%81%D3%A9%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хэсэгчлэн хүлээн зөвшөөрөгдсөн улс орнуудын жагсаалт (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Хязгаарлагдмал хүлээн<br />зөвшөөрөгдсөн улсууд</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Абхаз">Абхаз</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D2%AF%D0%B3%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%90%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Бүгд Найрамдах Арцах Улс">Арцах</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Косово">Косово</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%80" title="Умард Кипр">Умард Кипр</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D3%A8%D0%BC%D0%BD%D3%A9%D0%B4_%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Өмнөд Осети">Өмнөд Осети</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80" title="Приднестр">Приднестр</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Хараат нутаг дэвсгэр">Хараат<br />нутаг дэвсгэр</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Дани</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Фарерын арлууд">Фарерын арлууд</a><sup>3</sup> <ul><li>Данийн хаант улсын өөртөө засах орон</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Их Британи</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Акротири ба Декели (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Акротири ба Декели</a><sup>2</sup> (Тусгаар Цэргийн Бааз)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Гибралтар">Гибралтар</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8C_%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Британийн далайн чанад дахь нутаг дэвсгэр (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Британийн далайн чанад дахь нутаг дэвсгэр</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Титмийн хараат газар (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Титмийн хараат газар</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гернси (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Гернси</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Олдерни (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Олдерни</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8_(%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гернси (арал) (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Гернси</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сарк (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Сарк</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%96%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Жерси (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Жерси</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мэн арал (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Мэн арал</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Дотоод бүрэн эрхт<br />байдлын<br />тусгай бүс</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Финланд</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Аландын арлууд (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Аландын арлууд</a> (1921 оны <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Аландын конвенци (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Аландын конвенцид</a> хамаарах <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D3%A8%D3%A9%D1%80%D1%82%D3%A9%D3%A9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Өөртөө засах засаг захиргааны нэгж (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">өөртөө засах бүс</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Норвеги</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Свальбард (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Свальбард</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Свальбардын гэрээ (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Свальбардын гэрээнд</a> хамаарах <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%B3%D2%AF%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нэгдээгүй газар (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">нэгдээгүй газар</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Нэгдсэн Вант Улс</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Англи">Англи</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Шотланд">Шотланд</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81" title="Уэльс">Уэльс</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Умард Ирланд">Умард Ирланд</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%86%D1%8D%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Белфастын хэлэлцээр">Их Британи-Ирландын гэрээнд</a> хамаарах <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нэгдсэн Вант Улсын улс орнууд (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Нэгдсэн Вант Улсын улс</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><div class="hlist"><ul><li><sup>1</sup> Европ ба өөр тивийн хоорондох уламжлалт хилийг хамардаг.</li><li><sup>2</sup> Соёл, улс төр, түүхийн шалтгаанаар Европ гэж тооцогддог боловч газарзүйн хувьд Баруун Азид байдаг.</li><li><sup>3</sup> Европын ойр орчмын <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB#Далайн_арал" title="Арал">далайн арлууд</a> нь эх газрын тавиур дээр оршдоггүй ч тивтэй хамт бүлэглэгддэг.</li></ul></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF" title="Ангилал:Европ">Ангилал</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Портал:Европ (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Европын портал</a></b></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r729770"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r805312"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Европын_Аюулгүй_Байдал_Хамтын_Ажиллагааны_Байгууллагын_гишүүн_улсууд_(ЕАБХАБ)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r729770"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r729540"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-үзэх"><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80:%D0%A5%D3%A9%D1%82%D0%BB%D3%A9%D0%B3%D1%87_%D0%BC%D3%A9%D1%80_%D0%95%D0%90%D0%91%D0%A5%D0%90%D0%91-%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%88%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Загвар:Хөтлөгч мөр ЕАБХАБ-ын гишүүн улсууд"><abbr title="Энэ загварыг үзэх">ү</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-хэлэлцэх"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%86%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3:%D0%A5%D3%A9%D1%82%D0%BB%D3%A9%D0%B3%D1%87_%D0%BC%D3%A9%D1%80_%D0%95%D0%90%D0%91%D0%A5%D0%90%D0%91-%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%88%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Загварын хэлэлцүүлэг:Хөтлөгч мөр ЕАБХАБ-ын гишүүн улсууд (ийм хуудас байхгүй)"><abbr title="Энэ загварыг хэлэлцэх">х</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-засварлах"><a class="external text" href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80:%D0%A5%D3%A9%D1%82%D0%BB%D3%A9%D0%B3%D1%87_%D0%BC%D3%A9%D1%80_%D0%95%D0%90%D0%91%D0%A5%D0%90%D0%91-%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%88%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4&action=edit"><abbr title="Энэ загварыг засварлах">з</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Европын_Аюулгүй_Байдал_Хамтын_Ажиллагааны_Байгууллагын_гишүүн_улсууд_(ЕАБХАБ)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%90%D1%8E%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B3%D2%AF%D0%B9_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Европын Аюулгүй Байдал Хамтын Ажиллагааны Байгууллага">Европын Аюулгүй Байдал Хамтын Ажиллагааны Байгууллагын</a> гишүүн улсууд (ЕАБХАБ)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Австри">Австри</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Азербайжан">Азербайжан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Албани">Албани</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%9D%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Америкийн Нэгдсэн Улс">Америкийн Нэгдсэн Улс</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Андорра">Андорра</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Армени">Армени</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Беларусь">Беларусь</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Бельги">Бельги</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Босни ба Херцеговин">Босни ба Херцеговин</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Болгар">Болгар</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ватикан">Ватикан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Герман">Герман</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B6" title="Гүрж">Гүрж</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Грек">Грек</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Дани">Дани</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Ирланд">Ирланд</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Исланд">Исланд</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Испани">Испани</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Итали">Итали</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%85_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Их Британи">Их Британи</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Казахстан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Канад">Канад</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%80" title="Кипр">Кипр</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B7" title="Киргиз">Киргиз</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Латви">Латви</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Литва">Литва</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Лихтенштайн">Лихтенштайн</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Люксембург">Люксембург</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Умард Македон">Македон</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Мальта">Мальта</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2" title="Молдав">Молдав</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Монако">Монако</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Монгол Улс">Монгол</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Монтенегро">Монтенегро</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Нидерландын Хант Улс">Нидерланд</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Норвеги">Норвеги</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Оросын Холбооны Улс">Орос</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88" title="Польш">Польш</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Португал">Португал</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD" title="Румын">Румын</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="Сан Марино">Сан Марино</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8" title="Серби">Серби</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Словак">Словак</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Словени">Словени</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Тажикистан">Тажикистан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Турк">Турк</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Туркменистан">Туркменистан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Узбекистан">Узбекистан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Украин">Украин</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Унгар">Унгар</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Финланд">Финланд</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86" title="Франц">Франц</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Хорват">Хорват</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%85" title="Чех">Чех</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Швед">Швед</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Швейцар">Швейцар</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Эстони">Эстони</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:OSCE_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="ЕАБХАБ-ын лого англиар"><img alt="ЕАБХАБ-ын лого англиар" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/OSCE_logo.svg/50px-OSCE_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/OSCE_logo.svg/75px-OSCE_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/OSCE_logo.svg/100px-OSCE_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="815" data-file-height="253" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Хамтрагч улсууд:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Австрали">Австрали</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Алжир">Алжир</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Афганистан">Афганистан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Египет">Египет</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Израил">Израил</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Йордан">Йордан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Марокко">Марокко</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D3%A8%D0%BC%D0%BD%D3%A9%D0%B4_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Өмнөд Солонгос">Өмнөд Солонгос</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Тайланд">Тайланд</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Тунис">Тунис</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Япон">Япон</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r729770"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r805312"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Евразийн_Эдийн_засгийн_холбоо" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r729770"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r729540"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-үзэх"><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80:%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%AD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BE" title="Загвар:Евразийн Эдийн засгийн холбоо"><abbr title="Энэ загварыг үзэх">ү</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-хэлэлцэх"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%86%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3:%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%AD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Загварын хэлэлцүүлэг:Евразийн Эдийн засгийн холбоо (ийм хуудас байхгүй)"><abbr title="Энэ загварыг хэлэлцэх">х</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-засварлах"><a class="external text" href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80:%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%AD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BE&action=edit"><abbr title="Энэ загварыг засварлах">з</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Евразийн_Эдийн_засгийн_холбоо" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%AD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Евразийн Эдийн засгийн холбоо (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Евразийн Эдийн засгийн холбоо</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%AD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%88%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Евразийн Эдийн засгийн холбооны гишүүн улс (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Гишүүн улс</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Армени">Армени</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Беларусь">Беларусь</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Казахстан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B7" title="Киргиз">Киргиз</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Оросын Холбооны Улс">Орос</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%AD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%88%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Евразийн Эдийн засгийн холбооны гишүүн улс (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Ажиглагч улс</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Куба">Куба</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2" title="Молдав">Молдав</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Узбекистан">Узбекистан</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%B3%D3%A9%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Евразийн эдийн засгийн холбооны өргөжилт (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Боломжит гишүүд</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Монгол Улс">Монгол</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Сири">Сири</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Тажикистан">Тажикистан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Узбекистан">Узбекистан</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r729770"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r805312"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Исламын_Хамтын_Ажиллагааны_Байгууллага_(ИХАБ)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r729770"><link 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href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80:%D0%98%D0%A5%D0%90%D0%91-%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%88%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4&action=edit"><abbr title="Энэ загварыг засварлах">з</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Исламын_Хамтын_Ажиллагааны_Байгууллага_(ИХАБ)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Исламын Хамтын Ажиллагааны Байгууллага (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Исламын Хамтын Ажиллагааны Байгууллага</a> (ИХАБ)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Гишүүд</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Азербайжан">Азербайжан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Албани">Албани</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Алжир">Алжир</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%9D%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Арабын Нэгдсэн Эмират Улс">АНЭУ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Афганистан">Афганистан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%88" title="Бангладеш">Бангладеш</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Бахрейн">Бахрейн</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Бенин">Бенин</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE" title="Буркина Фасо">Буркина Фасо</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Бруней">Бруней</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Габон">Габон</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Гайана">Гайана</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8" title="Гамби">Гамби</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Гвиней">Гвиней</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9-%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%83" title="Гвиней-Бисау">Гвиней-Бисау</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Египет">Египет</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Жибути">Жибути</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Индонез">Индонез</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Иран">Иран</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Ирак">Ирак</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%99%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Йемен">Йемен</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Йордан">Йордан</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Казахстан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD" title="Камерун">Камерун</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Катар">Катар</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B7" title="Киргиз">Киргиз</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Коморос">Коморос</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%82-%D0%B4%27%D0%98%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Кот-д'Ивуар">Кот-д'Ивуар</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82" title="Кувейт">Кувейт</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ливан">Ливан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Ливи">Ливи</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Мавритани">Мавритани</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Мальдив">Мальдив</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B7" title="Малайз">Малайз</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мали">Мали</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Марокко">Марокко</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Мозамбик">Мозамбик</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Нигери">Нигери</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Нижер">Нижер</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Оман">Оман</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Пакистан">Пакистан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD" class="mw-disambig" title="Палестин">Палестин</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1" title="Саудын Араб">Саудын Араб</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Сенегал">Сенегал</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Сьерра Леон">Сьерра Леон</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Сомали">Сомали</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан">Судан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Суринам">Суринам</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Тажикистан">Тажикистан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE" title="Того">Того</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Тунис">Тунис</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Турк">Турк</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Туркменистан">Туркменистан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Уганда">Уганда</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Узбекистан">Узбекистан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Чад">Чад</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Түдгэлзүүлсэн</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Сири">Сири</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ажиглагчид</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;padding-right:0.75em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Улс ба<br />газар нутаг</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Босни ба Херцеговин">Босни ба Херцеговин</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%B2_%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%91%D2%AF%D0%B3%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Төв Африкийн Бүгд Найрамдах Улс">Төв Африкийн Бүгд Найрамдах Улс</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%80" title="Умард Кипр">Умард Кипр</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Оросын Холбооны Улс">Орос</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Тайланд">Тайланд</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;padding-right:0.75em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Лалын<br />нийгэмлэгүүд</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D2%AE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%A7%D3%A9%D0%BB%D3%A9%D3%A9%D0%BB%D3%A9%D1%85_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Морогийн Үндэсний Чөлөөлөх Фронт (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Морогийн Үндэсний Чөлөөлөх Фронт</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;padding-right:0.75em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Олон улсын<br />байгууллагууд</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Эдийн Засгийн Хамтын Ажиллагааны Байгууллага (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Эдийн Засгийн Хамтын Ажиллагааны Байгууллага</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BE" title="Африкийн Холбоо">Африкийн Холбоо</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Арабын Барилдлага">Арабын Барилдлага</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%AE%D0%BB_%D0%9D%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%85_%D0%A5%D3%A9%D0%B4%D3%A9%D0%BB%D0%B3%D3%A9%D3%A9%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Үл Нэгдэх Хөдөлгөөн (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Үл Нэгдэх Хөдөлгөөн</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D2%AE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Нэгдсэн Үндэстний Байгууллага">Нэгдсэн Үндэстний Байгууллага</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup><small>1</small></sup> "Туркийн Кипр Улс" нэрээр.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r729770"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r805312"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Тусгаар_Улсуудын_Хамтын_Нөхөрлөл_(ТУХН)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r729770"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r729540"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-үзэх"><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80:%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%9D%D3%A9%D1%85%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BB%D3%A9%D0%BB" title="Загвар:Тусгаар Улсуудын Хамтын Нөхөрлөл"><abbr title="Энэ загварыг үзэх">ү</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-хэлэлцэх"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%86%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3:%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%9D%D3%A9%D1%85%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BB%D3%A9%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Загварын хэлэлцүүлэг:Тусгаар Улсуудын Хамтын Нөхөрлөл (ийм хуудас байхгүй)"><abbr title="Энэ загварыг хэлэлцэх">х</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-засварлах"><a class="external text" href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80:%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%9D%D3%A9%D1%85%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BB%D3%A9%D0%BB&action=edit"><abbr title="Энэ загварыг засварлах">з</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Тусгаар_Улсуудын_Хамтын_Нөхөрлөл_(ТУХН)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%9D%D3%A9%D1%85%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BB%D3%A9%D0%BB" title="Тусгаар Улсуудын Хамтын Нөхөрлөл">Тусгаар Улсуудын Хамтын Нөхөрлөл (ТУХН)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Евразийн Гаалийн Холбоо (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Евразийн Гаалийн Холбоо</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%AD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Евразийн Эдийн Засгийн Холбоо (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Евразийн Эдийн Засгийн Холбоо</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Орос Беларусийн Холбоо (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Холбооны Улс</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Гишүүнчлэл</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Гишүүн</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Армени">Армени</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Азербайжан">Азербайжан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Беларус">Беларус</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Казахстан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B7" title="Киргиз">Киргиз</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2" title="Молдав">Молдав</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Оросын Холбооны Улс">Орос</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Тажикистан">Тажикистан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Узбекистан">Узбекистан</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Хамтран ажиллагч</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Туркменистан">Туркменистан</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Хуучин гишүүн</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B6" title="Гүрж">Гүрж</a> (1993–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Хуучин оролцогч</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Украин">Украин</a> (1991–2018, 1993 оны ТУХН-ийн дүрмээр гишүүн биш гэж тодорхойлогдсон)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Түүх</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div 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