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searchaux" style="display:none">Hindu epic poem by Bhāravi</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="background: #FFC569; color: #000000; font-size:125%; padding:2px">Kirātārjunīya</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Kiratarjuniya.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Kiratarjuniya.jpg/220px-Kiratarjuniya.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="325" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Kiratarjuniya.jpg/330px-Kiratarjuniya.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Kiratarjuniya.jpg 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="621" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Arjuna" title="Arjuna">Arjuna</a> receives the <a href="/wiki/Pashupatastra" title="Pashupatastra">Pashupatastra</a> from <a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a>. Painting by <a href="/wiki/Raja_Ravi_Varma" title="Raja Ravi Varma">Raja Ravi Varma</a>, 19th century.</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #FFC569; color: #000000;">Information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Author</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bharavi" title="Bharavi">Bhāravi</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Period</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pallava_dynasty" title="Pallava dynasty">Pallava</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Kirātārjunīya</b></i> (<a href="/wiki/Sanskrit_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanskrit language">Sanskrit</a>: <span lang="sa">किरातार्जुनीय</span>, <i>Of Kirata and Arjuna</i>) is an <a href="/wiki/Epic_poetry" title="Epic poetry">epic poem</a> by <a href="/wiki/Bh%C4%81ravi" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhāravi">Bhāravi</a>, written in <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Believed to have been composed in the 6th century or earlier, it consists of eighteen <a href="/wiki/Canto" title="Canto">cantos</a> describing the combat between <a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a> (in the guise of a <i><a href="/wiki/Kirata" title="Kirata">kirata</a></i>, or "mountain-dwelling hunter"), and <a href="/wiki/Arjuna" title="Arjuna">Arjuna</a>. Along with the <a href="/wiki/Naishadha_Charita" title="Naishadha Charita"><i>Naiṣadhacarita</i></a> and the <i><a href="/wiki/Shishupala_Vadha" title="Shishupala Vadha">Shishupala Vadha</a></i>, it is one of the larger three of the six Sanskrit <a href="/wiki/Mahakavya" title="Mahakavya">mahakavyas</a>, or great epics.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is noted among Sanskrit critics both for its gravity or depth of meaning, and for its forceful and sometimes playful expression. This includes a canto set aside for demonstrating linguistic feats, similar to <a href="/wiki/Constrained_writing" title="Constrained writing">constrained writing</a>. Later works of epic poetry followed the model of the <i>Kirātārjunīya</i>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Synopsis">Synopsis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Synopsis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Overview">Overview</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kiratarjuna.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Kiratarjuna.jpg/220px-Kiratarjuna.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="265" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Kiratarjuna.jpg/330px-Kiratarjuna.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Kiratarjuna.jpg/440px-Kiratarjuna.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1232" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Arjuna" title="Arjuna">Arjuna</a> fights with the <a href="/wiki/Kirata" title="Kirata">Kirata</a>-<a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <i>Kirātārjunīya</i> predominantly features the <i>Vīra <a href="/wiki/Rasa_(aesthetics)" title="Rasa (aesthetics)">rasa</a></i>, or the mood of valour.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It expands upon a minor episode in the <i><a href="/wiki/Vana_Parva" title="Vana Parva">Vana Parva</a></i> ("Book of the Forest") of the <i><a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a></i>: While the <a href="/wiki/Pandavas" class="mw-redirect" title="Pandavas">Pandavas</a> are exiled in the forest, <a href="/wiki/Draupadi" title="Draupadi">Draupadi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bhima" title="Bhima">Bhima</a> incite <a href="/wiki/Yudhishthira" title="Yudhishthira">Yudhishthira</a> to declare war with the <a href="/wiki/Kauravas" class="mw-redirect" title="Kauravas">Kauravas</a>, while he does not relent. Finally, Arjuna, at the instruction of <a href="/wiki/Indra" title="Indra">Indra</a>, appeases <a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a> with penance (<i><a href="/wiki/Tapasya" class="mw-redirect" title="Tapasya">tapasya</a></i>) in the forest. Pleased by his austerities, Shiva decides to reward him. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Myths_of_the_Hindus_%26_Buddhists_-_Kirat-Arjuna.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Myths_of_the_Hindus_%26_Buddhists_-_Kirat-Arjuna.jpg/170px-Myths_of_the_Hindus_%26_Buddhists_-_Kirat-Arjuna.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="223" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Myths_of_the_Hindus_%26_Buddhists_-_Kirat-Arjuna.jpg/255px-Myths_of_the_Hindus_%26_Buddhists_-_Kirat-Arjuna.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Myths_of_the_Hindus_%26_Buddhists_-_Kirat-Arjuna.jpg/340px-Myths_of_the_Hindus_%26_Buddhists_-_Kirat-Arjuna.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1987" data-file-height="2611" /></a><figcaption><i>Kirata-Arjuna</i>, by <a href="/wiki/Nandalal_Bose" title="Nandalal Bose">Nandalal Bose</a>, 1914</figcaption></figure> <p>When a demon named <a href="/wiki/Mukasura" title="Mukasura">Muka</a>, in the form of a wild boar, charges toward Arjuna, Shiva appears in the form of a kirata, a wild mountaineer. Arjuna and the kirata simultaneously shoot an arrow at the boar, and kill it. They argue over who shot first, and a battle ensues. They fight for a long time, and Arjuna is shocked that he cannot conquer this kirata. Finally, he recognises the god, and surrenders to him. Shiva, pleased with his bravery, gives him the powerful weapon, the <a href="/wiki/Pashupatastra" title="Pashupatastra">Pashupatastra</a>. Apart from Arjuna, no one possessed Pashupatastra in the <i>Mahabharata</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Cantos">The Cantos</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: The Cantos"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Arjuna-celestials.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Arjuna-celestials.jpg/220px-Arjuna-celestials.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Arjuna-celestials.jpg/330px-Arjuna-celestials.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Arjuna-celestials.jpg/440px-Arjuna-celestials.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3295" data-file-height="2433" /></a><figcaption>Arjuna, with the army of celestial maidens (<a href="/wiki/Apsara" title="Apsara">apsaras</a>) and musicians (<a href="/wiki/Gandharva" title="Gandharva">Gandharvas</a>) approaching. <a href="/wiki/Kangra_painting" title="Kangra painting">Kangra</a> watercolour, Himachal Pradesh, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1820</span>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The following canto-by-canto description of the work is from <a href="/wiki/A._K._Warder" title="A. K. Warder">A. K. Warder</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-warder_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-warder-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bharavi's work begins with the word <i><a href="/wiki/Shri" title="Shri">śrī</a></i> (fortune), and the last verse of every canto contains the synonym <a href="/wiki/Lakshmi" title="Lakshmi">Lakshmi</a>. </p><p><b>I.</b> A spy of the exiled king <a href="/wiki/Yudhi%E1%B9%A3%E1%B9%ADhira" class="mw-redirect" title="Yudhiṣṭhira">Yudhishthira</a> arrives and informs him of the activities of the <a href="/wiki/Kauravas" class="mw-redirect" title="Kauravas">Kauravas</a>. Yudhiṣṭhira informs the other <a href="/wiki/Pandavas" class="mw-redirect" title="Pandavas">Pandavas</a>, and his wife <a href="/wiki/Draupadi" title="Draupadi">Draupadi</a> attempts to incite him to declare war, upbraiding him for stupidly accepting the exile rather than breaking the agreement and declaring war to regain what is rightfully theirs.<br /> <b>II.</b> Bhima supports Draupadi, pointing out that it would be shameful to receive their kingdom back as a gift instead of winning it in war, but Yudhiṣṭhira refuses, with a longer speech. Meanwhile, the sage <a href="/wiki/Vyasa" title="Vyasa">Vyasa</a> arrives.<br /> <b>III.</b> Vyasa points out that the enemy is stronger, and they must use their time taking actions that would help them win a war, if one were to occur at the end of their exile. He instructs Arjuna to practise ascetism (<i>tapasya</i>) and propitiate <a href="/wiki/Indra" title="Indra">Indra</a> to acquire divine weapons for the eventual war. Arjuna departs, after being reminded by Draupadi of the humiliation she has suffered.<br /> <b>V.</b> Arjuna is led by a yaksha to the Indrakila mountain, which is described in great detail. Arjuna begins his intense austerities, the severity of which causes disturbance among the gods.<br /> <b>VI.</b> Meanwhile, a celestial army of nymphs (<a href="/wiki/Apsara" title="Apsara">apsaras</a>) sets out from heaven, in order to eventually distract Arjuna.<br /> <b>VII.</b> Description of their passage through the heavens.<br /> <b>VIII.</b> The nymphs enjoy themselves on the mountain.<br /> <b>IX.</b> Description of the night, with celebrations of drinking and lovemaking.<br /> <b>X.</b> The nymphs attempt to distract Arjuna, accompanied by musicians and making the best features of all six seasons appear simultaneously. However, they fail, as instead of Arjuna falling in love with them, they fall in love with Arjuna instead.<br /> <b>XI.</b> Finally, Indra arrives as a sage, praises Arjuna's asceticism, but criticises him for seeking victory and wealth instead of liberation — the goddess of Fortune is fickle and indiscriminate. Arjuna stands his ground, explaining his situation and pointing out that conciliation with evil people would lead one into doing wrong actions oneself. He gives a further long speech that forms the heart of the epic, on right conduct, self-respect, resoluteness, dignity, and wisdom. Pleased, Indra reveals himself to his son, and asks him to worship <a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a>.<br /> <b>XII.</b> Arjuna begins severe austerities, and, on being implored by the other ascetics, Shiva takes the form of a kirata and arrives to meet Arjuna.<br /> <b>XIII.</b> Both Arjuna and the kirata shoot the boar. Arjuna goes to retrieve his arrow, and one of the <i>kirata</i>s quarrels with him.<br /> <b>XIV-XVIII.</b> Arjuna and Shiva fight. Arjuna fails and finally realizes whom he is facing, and surrenders to Shiva and wins his benediction.<sup id="cite_ref-warder_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-warder-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Appraisal">Appraisal</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Appraisal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The work was popular among critics, with more than 42 commentaries written on it. The style of his work, with cantos 4 to 9 having no relation to the plot but instead being merely an excuse for beautiful descriptive poetry, was influential on all later Sanskrit epic poetry, in which the action was often ignored entirely.<sup id="cite_ref-das_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-das-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over a tenth of the verses from this work are quoted in various anthologies and works on poetics. The most popular verse is the 37th from the eighth canto, which describes nymphs bathing in a river, and is noted for its beauty. Another verse from the fifth canto (<i>utphulla sthalanalini...</i>) is noted for its imagery, and has given Bharavi the sobriquet of "Chhatra Bharavi",<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-winternitz_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-winternitz-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as he describes the pollen of the lotus flowers being blown by the wind into a golden umbrella (<i>Chhatra</i>) in the sky. Thus, for having verses that are pleasing to lay people as well as clever verses appreciated by scholars, the work is considered to have 'harmony' or 'appropriateness' at all levels, and has been said to possess <i>samastalokarañjakatva</i>, the quality of delighting all the people.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>Kirātārjunīya</i> is the only known work of Bharavi and "is regarded to be the most powerful poem in the Sanskrit language".<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/A._K._Warder" title="A. K. Warder">A. K. Warder</a> considers it the "most perfect epic available to us", over <a href="/wiki/A%C5%9Bvagho%E1%B9%A3a" title="Aśvaghoṣa">Aśvaghoṣa</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Buddhacarita" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhacarita">Buddhacarita</a></i>, noting its greater force of expression, with more concentration and polish in every detail. Despite using extremely difficult language and rejoicing in the finer points of <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit_grammar" title="Sanskrit grammar">Sanskrit grammar</a>, Bharavi achieves conciseness and directness. His alliteration, "crisp texture of sound", and choice of <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit_metre" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanskrit metre">metre</a> closely correspond to the narrative.<sup id="cite_ref-warder_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-warder-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Linguistic_ingenuity">Linguistic ingenuity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Linguistic ingenuity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The work is known for its brevity, depth (<i>arthagauravam</i>), and verbal complexity. At times, the narrative is secondary to the interlaced descriptions, elaborate metaphors and similes, and display of mastery in the Sanskrit language.<sup id="cite_ref-winternitz_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-winternitz-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Notably, its fifteenth canto contains <i><a href="/wiki/Chitra-kavya" title="Chitra-kavya">chitrakavya</a></i>, decorative composition, including the fifteenth verse with "elaborate rhythmic consonance"<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> noted for consisting of just one consonant:<sup id="cite_ref-warder_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-warder-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break"> <div class="center"> <p><a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">Devanagari</a><br /> न नोननुन्नो नुन्नोनो नाना नानानना ननु । <br /> नुन्नोऽनुन्नो ननुन्नेनो नानेना नुन्ननुन्ननुत् ॥ </p> </div> </td> <td class="col-break"> <div class="center"> <p><a href="/wiki/IAST" class="mw-redirect" title="IAST">IAST</a><br /> na nonanunno nunnono nānā nānānanā nanu ।<br /> nunno'nunno nanunneno nānenā nunnanunnanut ॥ </p> </div> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><i>Translation</i>: "О ye many-faced ones (<i>nānānanā</i>), he indeed (<i>nanu</i>) is not a man (<i>na nā</i>) who is defeated by an inferior (<i>ūna-nunno</i>), and that man is no man (<i>nā-anā</i>) who persecutes one weaker than himself (<i>nunnono</i>). He whose leader is not defeated (<i>na-nunneno</i>) though overcome is not vanquished (<i>nunno'nunno</i>); he who persecutes the completely vanquished (<i>nunna-nunna-nut</i>) is not without sin (<i>nānenā</i>)."<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </blockquote> <p>The 25th verse from the same canto is an example of the form of verse that the Sanskrit aestheticians call <i>sarvatobhadra</i>, "good from every direction": each line (<i>pada</i>) of it is a <a href="/wiki/Palindrome" title="Palindrome">palindrome</a>, and the verse is unchanged when read vertically down or up as well:<sup id="cite_ref-warder_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-warder-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1216972533"><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break"> <p>देवाकानिनि कावादे <br /> वाहिकास्वस्वकाहि वा ।<br /> काकारेभभरे का का <br /> निस्वभव्यव्यभस्वनि ॥ </p><p><br /> </p><p>devākānini kāvāde <br /> vāhikāsvasvakāhi vā ।<br /> kākārebhabhare kā kā<br /> nisvabhavyavyabhasvani ॥ </p> </td> <td class="col-break"> <table style="text-align: center; width:200px;"> <tbody><tr style="color:red;"> <td>de</td> <td>vā</td> <td>kā</td> <td>ni</td> <td>ni</td> <td>kā</td> <td>vā</td> <td>de </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:red;">vā</td> <td>hi</td> <td>kā</td> <td>sva</td> <td>sva</td> <td>kā</td> <td>hi</td> <td style="color:red;">vā </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:red;">kā</td> <td>kā</td> <td>re</td> <td>bha</td> <td>bha</td> <td>re</td> <td>kā</td> <td style="color:red;">kā </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:red;">ni</td> <td>sva</td> <td>bha</td> <td>vya</td> <td>vya</td> <td>bha</td> <td>sva</td> <td style="color:red;">ni </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="8">(and the lines reversed) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:red;">ni</td> <td>sva</td> <td>bha</td> <td>vya</td> <td>vya</td> <td>bha</td> <td>sva</td> <td style="color:red;">ni </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:red;">kā</td> <td>kā</td> <td>re</td> <td>bha</td> <td>bha</td> <td>re</td> <td>kā</td> <td style="color:red;">kā </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:red;">vā</td> <td>hi</td> <td>kā</td> <td>sva</td> <td>sva</td> <td>kā</td> <td>hi</td> <td style="color:red;">vā </td></tr> <tr style="color:red;"> <td>de</td> <td>vā</td> <td>kā</td> <td>ni</td> <td>ni</td> <td>kā</td> <td>vā</td> <td style="color:red;">de </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><i>Translation</i>: "O man who desires war! This is that battlefield which excites even the gods, where the battle is not of words. Here people fight and stake their lives not for themselves but for others. This field is full of herds of maddened elephants. Here those who are eager for battle and even those who are not very eager, have to fight."<sup id="cite_ref-gems_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gems-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </blockquote> <p>Similarly, the 23rd verse of the fifteenth canto is the same as the 22nd verse read backwards, syllable for syllable.<sup id="cite_ref-warder_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-warder-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 52nd verse of the 15th canto is an example of <i>Mahāyamaka</i>, or the great <i>Yamaka</i>, where all four feet of the verse are the same, but each foot has a different meaning. </p> <blockquote> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1216972533"><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break"> <div class="center"> <p><a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">Devanagari</a><br /> विकाशमीयुर्जगतीशमार्गणा विकाशमीयुर्जगतीशमार्गणाः । <br /> विकाशमीयुर्जगतीशमार्गणा विकाशमीयुर्जगतीशमार्गणाः ॥ </p> </div> </td> <td class="col-break"> <div class="center"> <p><a href="/wiki/IAST" class="mw-redirect" title="IAST">IAST</a><br /> vikāśamīyurjagatīśamārgaṇā vikāśamīyurjagatīśamārgaṇāḥ | <br /> vikāśamīyurjagatīśamārgaṇā vikāśamīyurjagatīśamārgaṇāḥ ॥ </p> </div> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><i>Translation</i>: "The arrows (<i>mārgaṇāḥ</i>), of the king (<i>jagatīśa</i>) <i>Arjuna</i> spread out (<i>vikāśam īyuḥ</i>). The arrows (<i>mārgaṇāḥ</i>), of the lord of the earth (<i>jagatīśa</i>) [i.e. Śiva], spread out (<i>vikāśam īyuḥ</i>). The <i>Gaṇa</i>s (gaṇāḥ) who are the slayers of demons (<i>jagatīśamār</i>) rejoiced (<i>vikāśam īyuḥ</i>). The seekers (<i>mārgaṇāḥ</i>) of <i>Śiva</i> (<i>jagatīśa</i>) [i.e. the deities and sages], reached (<i>īyuḥ</i>) the sky (<i>vikāśam</i>) [to watch the battle]. "<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Offshoots_and_commentaries">Offshoots and commentaries</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Offshoots and commentaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The earliest commentary of Kiratarjuniya was likely on Canto 15, by <a href="/wiki/Western_Ganga_dynasty" title="Western Ganga dynasty">Western ganga</a> king <a href="/wiki/Durvinita" title="Durvinita">Durvinita</a> in Kannada, however, this work isn't extant.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bharavi's "power of description and dignity of style" were an inspiration for <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81gha" class="mw-redirect" title="Māgha">Māgha</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Shishupala_Vadha" title="Shishupala Vadha">Shishupala Vadha</a></i>, which is modelled after the <i>Kirātārjunīya</i> and seeks to surpass it.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While Bharavi uses 19 different types of <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit_metre" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanskrit metre">metres</a>, Māgha uses 23; while Bharavi praises Shiva, Māgha extols <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a>; and he has his own instances of one-consonant (<i>dādadoduddaduddādī…</i>) and <i>sarvatobhadra</i> palindromic verses.<sup id="cite_ref-winternitz_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-winternitz-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A <i>vyayoga</i> (a kind of play), also named <i>Kirātārjunīya</i> and based on Bharavi's work, was produced by the Sanskrit dramatist Vatsaraja in the 12th or 13th century.<sup id="cite_ref-lal_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lal-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The authoritative commentary on the <i>Kirātārjunīya</i>, as on the other five <i>mahakayva</i>s, is by <a href="/wiki/Mallin%C4%81tha_S%C5%ABri" title="Mallinātha Sūri">Mallinātha</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1500 CE</span>). His commentary on the <i>Kirātārjunīya</i> is known as the <i>Ghaṇṭāpatha</i> (<i>the Bell-Road</i>) and explains the multiple layers of compounds and figures of speech present in the verses.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first Western translation of the poem was by Carl Cappeller into German, published by the <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Oriental_Series" title="Harvard Oriental Series">Harvard Oriental Series</a> in 1912.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There have since been six or more partial translations into English.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arjunawiwaha" title="Arjunawiwaha">Arjunawiwaha</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSingh2002" class="citation book cs1">Singh, M. P. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/631660227"><i>Encyclopaedia of teaching of history</i></a> (1st ed.). Lucknow: Institute for Sustainable Development. p. 297. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/81-261-1243-3" title="Special:BookSources/81-261-1243-3"><bdi>81-261-1243-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/631660227">631660227</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+teaching+of+history&rft.place=Lucknow&rft.pages=297&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Institute+for+Sustainable+Development&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F631660227&rft.isbn=81-261-1243-3&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=M.+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F631660227&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHar1983">Har 1983</a>, p. iii</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmaresh_Datta2006" class="citation cs2">Amaresh Datta, ed. 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(2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/49196507">"From Purāṇic to Folk: the 'Kirātārjunīyam Ballade' and Visuals"</a>. <i>Eikón / Imago</i>. <b>10</b>: <span class="nowrap">355–</span>366. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5209%2Feiko.74158">10.5209/eiko.74158</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:237980745">237980745</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eik%C3%B3n+%2F+Imago&rft.atitle=From+Pur%C4%81%E1%B9%87ic+to+Folk%3A+the+%27Kir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%AByam+Ballade%27+and+Visuals&rft.volume=10&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E355-%3C%2Fspan%3E366&rft.date=2021&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5209%2Feiko.74158&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A237980745%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Rajarajan&rft.aufirst=R.K.K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F49196507&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_TelfordBenjamin_Aquila_Barber1876" class="citation cs2">John Telford; Benjamin Aquila Barber (1876), William Lonsdale Watkinson; William Theophilus Davison (eds.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EZtIAAAAMAAJ&q=kiratarjuniya&pg=PA324"><i>The London quarterly review, Volume 46</i></a>, J.A. Sharp, p. 324</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+London+quarterly+review%2C+Volume+46&rft.pages=324&rft.pub=J.A.+Sharp&rft.date=1876&rft.au=John+Telford&rft.au=Benjamin+Aquila+Barber&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEZtIAAAAMAAJ%26q%3Dkiratarjuniya%26pg%3DPA324&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSures_Chandra_Banerji1989" class="citation cs2">Sures Chandra Banerji (1989), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JkOAEdIsdUsC&q=cantos&pg=PA215"><i>A companion to Sanskrit literature: spanning a period of over three thousand years, containing brief accounts of authors, works, characters, technical terms, geographical names, myths, legends, and several appendices</i></a> (2 ed.), Motilal Banarsidass Publ., p. 215, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0063-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0063-2"><bdi>978-81-208-0063-2</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+companion+to+Sanskrit+literature%3A+spanning+a+period+of+over+three+thousand+years%2C+containing+brief+accounts+of+authors%2C+works%2C+characters%2C+technical+terms%2C+geographical+names%2C+myths%2C+legends%2C+and+several+appendices&rft.pages=215&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass+Publ.&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-81-208-0063-2&rft.au=Sures+Chandra+Banerji&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJkOAEdIsdUsC%26q%3Dcantos%26pg%3DPA215&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-warder-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-warder_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-warder_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-warder_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-warder_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-warder_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-warder_7-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFA._K._Warder2004" class="citation cs2">A. 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Warder (2004), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jTlLXw46g-cC&q=nunnanunnanut&pg=PA225"><i>Indian Kāvya literature, Part 1</i></a>, Motilal Banarsidass Publ., p. 225, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0445-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0445-6"><bdi>978-81-208-0445-6</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indian+K%C4%81vya+literature%2C+Part+1&rft.pages=225&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass+Publ.&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-81-208-0445-6&rft.au=A.+K.+Warder&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjTlLXw46g-cC%26q%3Dnunnanunnanut%26pg%3DPA225&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-das-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-das_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSisir_Kumar_DasSahitya_Akademi2006" class="citation cs2">Sisir Kumar Das; Sahitya Akademi (2006), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BC3l1AbPM8sC&pg=PA71"><i>A history of Indian literature, 500-1399: from courtly to the popular</i></a>, Sahitya Akademi, pp. <span class="nowrap">71–</span>72, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-260-2171-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-260-2171-0"><bdi>978-81-260-2171-0</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+history+of+Indian+literature%2C+500-1399%3A+from+courtly+to+the+popular&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E71-%3C%2Fspan%3E72&rft.pub=Sahitya+Akademi&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-81-260-2171-0&rft.au=Sisir+Kumar+Das&rft.au=Sahitya+Akademi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBC3l1AbPM8sC%26pg%3DPA71&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lal, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KnPoYxrRfc0C&pg=PA4126&dq=kiratarjuniya">p. 4126</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-winternitz-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-winternitz_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-winternitz_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-winternitz_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoriz_Winternitz1985" class="citation cs2">Moriz Winternitz (1985), Subhadra Jha (transl.) 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Bombay, London: Asia Publishing House. p. 68. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/316088831">316088831</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+national+culture+of+India.&rft.place=Bombay%2C+London&rft.pages=68&rft.pub=Asia+Publishing+House&rft.date=1961&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F316088831&rft.aulast=Husain&rft.aufirst=S.+Abid&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F316088831&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/64041/Bharavi">Bharavi: Encyclopædia Britannica Online</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSir_Monier_Monier-Williams1875" class="citation cs2">Sir Monier Monier-Williams (1875), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IewdAAAAMAAJ&q=kiratarjuniya&pg=PA452"><i>Indian wisdom: or, Examples of the religious, philosophical, and ethical doctrines of the Hindūs: with a brief history of the chief departments of Sanskṛit literature, and some account of the past and present condition of India, moral and intellectual</i></a> (2 ed.), W.H. Allen, p. 452</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indian+wisdom%3A+or%2C+Examples+of+the+religious%2C+philosophical%2C+and+ethical+doctrines+of+the+Hind%C5%ABs%3A+with+a+brief+history+of+the+chief+departments+of+Sansk%E1%B9%9Bit+literature%2C+and+some+account+of+the+past+and+present+condition+of+India%2C+moral+and+intellectual&rft.pages=452&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=W.H.+Allen&rft.date=1875&rft.au=Sir+Monier+Monier-Williams&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIewdAAAAMAAJ%26q%3Dkiratarjuniya%26pg%3DPA452&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PBIpAAAAYAAJ&pg=PT271">Canto 15, Verse 14</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSir_Monier_Monier-WilliamsHenry_Hart_Milman1860" class="citation cs2">Sir Monier Monier-Williams; 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Kasinath Pandurang Parab (1895), <i>The Kirātārjunīya of Bhāravi - With the commentary of Mallinātha and various readings</i>, Tukaram Javaji, p. 252</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Kir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya+of+Bh%C4%81ravi+-+With+the+commentary+of+Mallin%C4%81tha+and+various+readings&rft.pages=252&rft.pub=Tukaram+Javaji&rft.date=1895&rft.au=Pandit+Durgaprasad&rft.au=Kasinath+Pandurang+Parab&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=JSTOR&oldid=1136202811">"JSTOR"</a>, <i>Wikipedia</i>, 2023-01-29<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-02-12</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wikipedia&rft.atitle=JSTOR&rft.date=2023-01-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DJSTOR%26oldid%3D1136202811&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Durvinita&oldid=1137210596">"Durvinita"</a>, <i>Wikipedia</i>, 2023-02-03<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-02-12</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wikipedia&rft.atitle=Durvinita&rft.date=2023-02-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DDurvinita%26oldid%3D1137210596&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSailendra_Nath_Sen1999" class="citation cs2">Sailendra Nath Sen (1999), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Wk4_ICH_g1EC&q=kiratarjuniya&pg=PA230"><i>Ancient Indian History and Civilization</i></a>, New Age International, p. 230, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-224-1198-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-224-1198-0"><bdi>978-81-224-1198-0</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Indian+History+and+Civilization&rft.pages=230&rft.pub=New+Age+International&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-81-224-1198-0&rft.au=Sailendra+Nath+Sen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWk4_ICH_g1EC%26q%3Dkiratarjuniya%26pg%3DPA230&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lal-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lal_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMohan_Lal2006" class="citation cs2">Mohan Lal (2006), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KnPoYxrRfc0C&q=kiratarjuniya&pg=PA4515"><i>Encyclopaedia of Indian literature, Volume 5</i></a>, Sahitya Akademi, p. 4515, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-260-1221-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-260-1221-3"><bdi>978-81-260-1221-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Indian+literature%2C+Volume+5&rft.pages=4515&rft.pub=Sahitya+Akademi&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-81-260-1221-3&rft.au=Mohan+Lal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKnPoYxrRfc0C%26q%3Dkiratarjuniya%26pg%3DPA4515&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFP._G._Lalye2002" class="citation cs2">P. G. Lalye (2002), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Y0FfADSV6o4C"><i>Mallinātha</i></a>, Sahitya Akademi, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-260-1238-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-260-1238-1"><bdi>978-81-260-1238-1</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mallin%C4%81tha&rft.pub=Sahitya+Akademi&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-81-260-1238-1&rft.au=P.+G.+Lalye&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DY0FfADSV6o4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBhāraviCarl_Cappeller1912" class="citation cs2">Bhāravi; Carl Cappeller (1912), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6B0YAAAAYAAJ"><i>Bharavi's poem Kiratarjuniya: or, Arjuna's combat with the Kirata</i></a>, Harvard University</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bharavi%27s+poem+Kiratarjuniya%3A+or%2C+Arjuna%27s+combat+with+the+Kirata&rft.pub=Harvard+University&rft.date=1912&rft.au=Bh%C4%81ravi&rft.au=Carl+Cappeller&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6B0YAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tuvia Gelblum, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/616942">Review</a>, <i>Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies</i>, University of London, Vol. 50, No. 1 (1987)</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFA._K._Warder2004" class="citation cs2">A. K. Warder (2004), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jTlLXw46g-cC&pg=PA198"><i>Indian Kāvya literature, Part 1</i></a>, Motilal Banarsidass Publ., pp. <span class="nowrap">198–</span>233, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0445-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0445-6"><bdi>978-81-208-0445-6</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indian+K%C4%81vya+literature%2C+Part+1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E198-%3C%2Fspan%3E233&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass+Publ.&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-81-208-0445-6&rft.au=A.+K.+Warder&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjTlLXw46g-cC%26pg%3DPA198&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoodbergen1984" class="citation cs2">Roodbergen, J.A.F. (1984), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AM0UAAAAIAAJ"><i>Mallinātha's Ghaṇṭāpatha on the Kirātārjunīya, I-VI</i></a>, Brill Archive, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-07018-4" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-07018-4"><bdi>90-04-07018-4</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mallin%C4%81tha%27s+Gha%E1%B9%87%E1%B9%AD%C4%81patha+on+the+Kir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya%2C+I-VI&rft.pub=Brill+Archive&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=90-04-07018-4&rft.aulast=Roodbergen&rft.aufirst=J.A.F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAM0UAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeterson2003" class="citation cs2">Peterson, Indira Viswanathan (2003), <i>Design and rhetoric in a Sanskrit court epic: the Kirātārjunīya of Bhāravi</i>, State University of New York Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7914-5614-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-7914-5614-5"><bdi>0-7914-5614-5</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Design+and+rhetoric+in+a+Sanskrit+court+epic%3A+the+Kir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya+of+Bh%C4%81ravi&rft.pub=State+University+of+New+York+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-7914-5614-5&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=Indira+Viswanathan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHar1983" class="citation cs2">Har, Saktipada (1983), <i>Bhāravi and Kirātārjunīyam: A Critical Study</i>, Calcutta: Sanskrit Pustak Bhandar</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bh%C4%81ravi+and+Kir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%AByam%3A+A+Critical+Study&rft.place=Calcutta&rft.pub=Sanskrit+Pustak+Bhandar&rft.date=1983&rft.aulast=Har&rft.aufirst=Saktipada&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6B0YAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR22">A bibliography, as of 1912</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBharavi_(Indira_Viswanathan_Peterson,_ed._and_trans.)2016" class="citation cs2">Bharavi (Indira Viswanathan Peterson, ed. and trans.) (2016), <i>Arjuna and the Hunter</i>, Harvard University Press, p. 430, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-06-745-0496-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-06-745-0496-7"><bdi>978-06-745-0496-7</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Arjuna+and+the+Hunter&rft.pages=430&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-06-745-0496-7&rft.au=Bharavi+%28Indira+Viswanathan+Peterson%2C+ed.+and+trans.%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/kirtrjunyabhrav00bhgoog">Original text with Sanskrit commentary</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBhāravi1885" class="citation cs2">Bhāravi (1885), Nārāyaṇa Bālakṛishṇa Godabole; Kāśināth Pāṇḍurang Paraba (eds.), <i>The Kirâtârjunîya of Bhâravi: with the commentary (the Ghaṇtâpatha) of Mallinâtha</i>, Nirṇaya-Sâgara press</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Kir%C3%A2t%C3%A2rjun%C3%AEya+of+Bh%C3%A2ravi%3A+with+the+commentary+%28the+Gha%E1%B9%87t%C3%A2patha%29+of+Mallin%C3%A2tha&rft.pub=Nir%E1%B9%87aya-S%C3%A2gara+press&rft.date=1885&rft.au=Bh%C4%81ravi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKir%C4%81t%C4%81rjun%C4%ABya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gretil.sub.uni-goettingen.de/gretil/1_sanskr/5_poetry/2_kavya/bhakirxu.htm">Transliterated text</a> at <a href="/wiki/GRETIL" title="GRETIL">GRETIL</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m03/m03038.htm">Kairata Parva</a>, translation of the part of the Vana Parva that contains the story.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/laysancientindi00goog#page/n142/mode/2up">The Hunter and the Hero</a>: a very slightly abridged verse translation of the <i>Kirātārjunīya</i> into English by <a href="/wiki/Romesh_Chunder_Dutt" title="Romesh Chunder Dutt">Romesh Chunder Dutt</a>, in his <i>Lays of Ancient India</i></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kirātārjunīya&oldid=1265223923">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kirātārjunīya&oldid=1265223923</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sanskrit_poetry" title="Category:Sanskrit poetry">Sanskrit poetry</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Epic_poems_in_Sanskrit" title="Category:Epic poems in Sanskrit">Epic poems in Sanskrit</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:6th-century_books" title="Category:6th-century books">6th-century books</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_Indian_poems" title="Category:Ancient Indian poems">Ancient Indian poems</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:6th-century_Sanskrit_literature" title="Category:6th-century Sanskrit literature">6th-century Sanskrit literature</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Poems_based_on_the_Mahabharata" title="Category:Poems based on the Mahabharata">Poems based on the Mahabharata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Shiva_in_art" title="Category:Shiva in art">Shiva in art</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pallava_dynasty" title="Category:Pallava dynasty">Pallava dynasty</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Sanskrit-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Sanskrit-language text">Articles containing Sanskrit-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 25 December 2024, at 20:50<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; 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