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ez da ezinbestekoa, ordea." class=""><span>Sortu kontua</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:SaioaHasi&returnto=Bertute&returntoquery=action%3Dedit%26section%3D10" title="Izen ematera gonbidatzen zaitugu. 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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Hasi saioa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Izena eman gabeko erabiltzaileentzako orrialdeak <a href="/wiki/Laguntza:Sarrera" aria-label="Artikuluak aldatzeari buruz gehiago ikasi"><span>gehiago ikasi</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:NireEkarpenak" title="IP helbide honetatik egindako aldaketen zerrenda [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Ekarpenak</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:NireEztabaida" title="Zure IParen eztabaida [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Eztabaida</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Gunea"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Bertute-en iturria ikusi</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Artikulua soilik hizkuntza honetan existitzen da. 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You could also send an email to the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Stewards" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards">stewards</a> <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/VRT" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/VRT">VRT</a> queue at <kbd>stewards@wikimedia.org</kbd> including all above details.</div></div><hr /> <p>Orrialde honen testua ikusi eta kopiatu dezakezu: </p><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="eu" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">== Erlijio tradizionalak == === Erlijio Abrahamikoak === ==== Kristautasuna ==== Kristautasunean, [[Bertute teologal|hiru bertute teologikoak]] [[Fede|fedea]], [[Itxaropen|itxaropena]] eta [[Maitasun|maitasuna]] ditugu, azkenenekoa horietako gorena izanik. Maitasunaren bertute kristauari askotan [[Karitate (ongintza)|karitatea]] deitzen zaio. Kristautasunaren jarraitzaileek askotan hauei gehitzen dizkiete [[bertute kardinal|lau bertute kardinal klasikoak]] (neurritasuna/autokontrola, justizia, zuhurtzia eta sendotasuna) [[zazpi bertuteak|jainkozko zazpi bertuteak]] osatze aldera, [[Zazpi bekatu nagusiak|zazpi bekatu nagus]]<nowiki/>iei kontrajarritakoak. Tradizio kristauan, ausardia edo sendotasuna [[Espiritu Santua]]<nowiki/>ren oparia dugu. ==== Islama ==== [[Islam|Islamean]], ''[[Koran]]<nowiki/>a'' da jainkoaren hitza eta bertutearen deskripzioa, eta [[Mahoma|Muhammad]] adibide argia dute irudikatzeko bertutea gizaki forman. Islamean dagoen bertutearen ulerkera eta interpretazio Koranaren eta Muhammaden praktiken ulerkeran datza. Bertutea ulertzen da jainkoarekiko erabateko mendekotasunean, komunitate osoaren bidez. Erlijio islamikoaren jarraitzaileek bizitzako eremu guztietan [[ondo dagoena gozatu eta txarra debekatu|''“al-amr bi-l-maʿrūf wa-n-nahy ʿani-l-munkar''”]] (“bertutetsua dena / ondo dagoena jarraitu eta okerra / biziotsua dena ukatu”, [[Al_Imran|Korana 3:110]]) aldarria jarraitu beharra dute, gizakia [[Fitra|jainkoaren nahia ezagutzeko eta betetzeko gaitasuna]] jaso baitu. Bertutea, bekatuaren kontrakotzat izanda, ''thawāb'' izenaz ezagutua da, eta meritu espirituala esan nahi du. Hala ere, badaude bestelako terminoak bertuteari erreferentzia egiteko, hala nola ''faḍl'' ("ordainsaria"), ''taqwa'' ("errukia"), and ''ṣalāḥ'' ("justizia"). ==== Judaismoa ==== Jainkoa maitatzea eta bere legeak obeditzea, konkretuki [[Hamar Aginduak]], erdigunekoa da [[Judaismo|judaismoak]] duen bertutearen ulerkeran. Jakinduria pertsonifikatua da [[Esaera Zaharren liburua]]<nowiki/>ren lehenengo zortzi kapituluetan, eta bertutearen iturria izateaz gain, Jainkoaren sorkari lehendabizikoa eta gorena da ([https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Proverbs%208:12%E2%80%9331&version=nrsv Esaera zaharrak 8:12–31]). === Ekialdeko erlijioak === ==== Buddhismoa ==== [[Fitxategi:Gautam buddha in meditation.gif|thumb|Siddharta Gautama (Buddha).]] Praktika budistek, [[Bide Zortzikoitz Zintzoa]]<nowiki/>k adierazitakoek, bertuteetara eramaten dute. Budismoaren lau ''[[Brahmavihara|brahmavihara]]''-k ("jainkozko egoerak") Europar zentzuan bertutetzat har genitzake: <ref>{{erreferentzia|izena=Alan|abizena=Sponberg|urtea=2010|izenburua=Bodhisattva Path. Encyclopedia of Buddhism.|argitaletxea=Routledge|orrialdea=89|ISBN=978-1-136-98588-1|hizkuntza=Ingelesa}}</ref> # ''Mettā''/''Maitrī'': izaki guztienganako maitasuna eta ontasuna eta guztien ongizatearen nahia. # ''Karuṇā'': errukia, bestearen sufrimenduaren amaiera nahi izatea. # ''Muditā'': poztasun altruista besteen ongizatearen aurrean. # ''Upekkhā''/''Upekṣā'': oreka, irabazitakoa eta galdutakoa onartzeko gaitasuna.<ref>{{erreferentzia|izenburua="Buddhist Studies for Secondary Students, Unit 6: The Four Immeasurables".|url=buddhanet.net}}</ref> ''[[Pāramitā|Pāramitās]]'' ("bikaintasunak") ere badira, bertute konkretuak une gorenera eskuratzearen ondorioz datozenak. ==== Taoismoa ==== Bertutea, ''de'' (德) [[Txinera|txineraz]], [[txinatar filosofia]]<nowiki/>n garrantzia handiko kontzeptua da, konkretuki [[Taoismo|Taoismoan]]. ''De'' (Txinera: 德; pinyin: ''dé''; [[Wade-Giles|Wade–Giles]]: ''te'') jatorriz “bertute” esanahia zuen pertsona baten izaerari erreferentzia eginez, baina aldatu izan zen semantikoki bertute moralari, moralitateari. [[Konfuzianismo|Konfuzianismoaren]] hasiera, “bertutea”-ren nozioa barnebiltzen zituen ''ren'' ("gizatasuna", baita ontasuna), ''xiao'' ("errukitasuna senideekiko"), and ''li'' ("erritu-espiritua"). Taoismoaren ''De'' kontzeptuak erreferentzia egiten dio gizaki batek egiten duen edo egin dezakeen ekintza ''Tao''-a (“bide zuzena”) jarraituz. Pentsamendu txinatarrean garrantzitsua den ideia bat da banako baten posizio soziala erakusten duen bertute kantitatearen emaitza dela, jaiotzetiko zerbait baino. Kultura txinatarrean sinbolo desberdinak dira bertutea irudikatzeko: aran-loreak, orkidea, urrelilia, banbua… Margo txinatar klasikoetan oso ohikoak direnak. ==== Hinduismoa ==== [[Fitxategi:Aum Om navy blue circle coral.svg|thumb|Om-en ikurra, erabilia ikur erlijioso gisa hinduismoan.]] Bertutearen esentzia, beharra eta balioa filosofia [[Hinduismo|hinduan]] azaldua da inposatu ezin den zerbait bezala, baizik eta borondatezkoa dela banako batek ekiteko eta bizitzeko. Batzuetan, ''punya'' hitzak bertutea esan nahi du. Bizitza [[Dharma|dharmiko]] (morala, etikoa eta bertutetsua den bizitza) bat osatzen duten bertuteak gordetzen dira [[Vedak|vedas]]-etan eta [[upanishad]]-etan.<ref>{{erreferentzia|izena=Kedar Nath|abizena=Tiwari|urtea=1998|izenburua=Classical Indian Ethical Thought: A Philosophical Study of Hindu, Jaina, and Buddhist Morals|argitaletxea=Motilal Banarsidass Publishers.|orrialdeak=52-55|ISBN=978-81-208-1608-4.|hizkuntza=en}}</ref> ==== Sikhismoa ==== [[Sikhismo|Sikhismoaren]] etikak aldarrikatzen du eguneroko ekintza moralen eta garapen espiritualaren arteko koherentzia. Horren fundatzaileak, [[Guru Nanak]], honela dio: “Egia da bertute gorena, baina are goragokoa da egiazko bizitza.”<ref>{{erreferentzia|izena=Pashaura|abizena=Singh|urtea=2014|izenburua=Ethical Living.|argitaletxea=The Oxford Handbook of Sikh Studies. Oxford University Press.|orrialdea=234|ISSN=978-0199699308.}}</ref> Sikhismoaren [[bost bertuteak]] hauek dira: ''Sat'' (egia), ''Daya'' (errukia), ''Santokh'' (poztasuna, asetasuna), ''Nimrata'' (apaltasuna), and ''Pyaar'' (maitasuna). </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"></div><p id="mw-returnto"><a href="/wiki/Bertute" title="Bertute">Bertute</a>(e)ra itzuli.</p> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget \"ErrefAurrebista\" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. 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