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Mikroskop atomskih sila – Wikipedija/Википедија
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</li> <li id="toc-Otkriće_metode" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Otkriće_metode"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Otkriće metode</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Otkriće_metode-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Princip_rada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Princip_rada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Princip rada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Princip_rada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mogućnosti_snimanja" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mogućnosti_snimanja"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Mogućnosti snimanja</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mogućnosti_snimanja-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Režimi_rada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Režimi_rada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Režimi rada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Režimi_rada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Literatura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spoljašnje_veze" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spoljašnje_veze"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Spoljašnje veze</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spoljašnje_veze-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mikroskop atomskih sila</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Prijedi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupno je na 47 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-47" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">47 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atoomkragmikroskopie" title="Atoomkragmikroskopie — Afrikanerski" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Atoomkragmikroskopie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikanerski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rasterkraftmikroskop" title="Rasterkraftmikroskop — Švajcarsko nemački" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Rasterkraftmikroskop" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Švajcarsko nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B0%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="مجهر القوة الذرية — Arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مجهر القوة الذرية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF" title="Атомно-силов микроскоп — Bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Атомно-силов микроскоп" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroskopija_atomskih_sila" title="Mikroskopija atomskih sila — Bosanski" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mikroskopija atomskih sila" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microscopi_de_forces_at%C3%B2miques" title="Microscopi de forces atòmiques — Katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Microscopi de forces atòmiques" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroskopie_atom%C3%A1rn%C3%ADch_sil" title="Mikroskopie atomárních sil — Češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mikroskopie atomárních sil" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomar_kraftmikroskopi" title="Atomar kraftmikroskopi — Danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Atomar kraftmikroskopi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobar članak"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rasterkraftmikroskop" title="Rasterkraftmikroskop — Nemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rasterkraftmikroskop" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%B4%CF%8D%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Μικροσκοπία ατομικής δύναμης — Grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μικροσκοπία ατομικής δύναμης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_force_microscopy" title="Atomic force microscopy — Engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Atomic force microscopy" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom-forta_mikroskopo" title="Atom-forta mikroskopo — Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Atom-forta mikroskopo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microscopio_de_fuerza_at%C3%B3mica" title="Microscopio de fuerza atómica — Španski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Microscopio de fuerza atómica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Španski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aatomij%C3%B5umikroskoopia" title="Aatomijõumikroskoopia — Estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Aatomijõumikroskoopia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%BE_%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%85%DB%8C" title="میکروسکوپ نیروی اتمی — Persijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="میکروسکوپ نیروی اتمی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomivoimamikroskooppi" title="Atomivoimamikroskooppi — Finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Atomivoimamikroskooppi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microscope_%C3%A0_force_atomique" title="Microscope à force atomique — Francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Microscope à force atomique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micreasc%C3%B3p_f%C3%B3rsa_adamhaigh" title="Micreascóp fórsa adamhaigh — Irski" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Micreascóp fórsa adamhaigh" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microscopio_de_forza_at%C3%B3mica" title="Microscopio de forza atómica — Galski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Microscopio de forza atómica" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A4_%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%97_%D7%90%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99" title="מיקרוסקופ כוח אטומי — Hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מיקרוסקופ כוח אטומי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="परमाण्विक बल सूक्ष्मदर्शी यंत्र — Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="परमाण्विक बल सूक्ष्मदर्शी यंत्र" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomer%C5%91-mikroszk%C3%B3p" title="Atomerő-mikroszkóp — Mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Atomerő-mikroszkóp" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AA%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF" title="Ատոմական ուժային մանրադիտակ — Jermenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ատոմական ուժային մանրադիտակ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Jermenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroskop_gaya_atom" title="Mikroskop gaya atom — Indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mikroskop gaya atom" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microscopio_a_forza_atomica" title="Microscopio a forza atomica — Italijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Microscopio a forza atomica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E9%96%93%E5%8A%9B%E9%A1%95%E5%BE%AE%E9%8F%A1" title="原子間力顕微鏡 — Japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="原子間力顕微鏡" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9B%90%EC%9E%90%ED%9E%98%ED%98%84%EB%AF%B8%EA%B2%BD" title="원자힘현미경 — Korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="원자힘현미경" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomin%C4%97s_j%C4%97gos_mikroskopas" title="Atominės jėgos mikroskopas — Litvanski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Atominės jėgos mikroskopas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litvanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomsp%C4%93ku_mikroskops" title="Atomspēku mikroskops — Letonski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Atomspēku mikroskops" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="आण्विक बल सूक्ष्मदर्शक यंत्र — Marati" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="आण्विक बल सूक्ष्मदर्शक यंत्र" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atoomkrachtmicroscopie" title="Atoomkrachtmicroscopie — Holandski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Atoomkrachtmicroscopie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Holandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomkraftmikroskop" title="Atomkraftmikroskop — Norveški bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Atomkraftmikroskop" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norveški bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroskop_si%C5%82_atomowych" title="Mikroskop sił atomowych — Poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mikroskop sił atomowych" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsc%C3%B3pio_de_for%C3%A7a_at%C3%B4mica" title="Microscópio de força atômica — Portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Microscópio de força atômica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microscop_de_for%C8%9B%C4%83_atomic%C4%83" title="Microscop de forță atomică — Rumunski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Microscop de forță atomică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF" title="Сканирующий атомно-силовой микроскоп — Ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сканирующий атомно-силовой микроскоп" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_force_microscopy" title="Atomic force microscopy — Škotski" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Atomic force microscopy" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Škotski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_force_microscope" title="Atomic force microscope — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Atomic force microscope" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Микроскоп атомских сила — Srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Микроскоп атомских сила" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomkraftsmikroskopi" title="Atomkraftsmikroskopi — Švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Atomkraftsmikroskopi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF" title="அணுவிசை நுண்ணோக்கி — Tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அணுவிசை நுண்ணோக்கி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomik_kuvvet_mikroskobu" title="Atomik kuvvet mikroskobu — Turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Atomik kuvvet mikroskobu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF" title="Атомно-силовий мікроскоп — Ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Атомно-силовий мікроскоп" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom_kuch_mikroskopiyasi" title="Atom kuch mikroskopiyasi — Uzbečki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Atom kuch mikroskopiyasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbečki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%ADnh_hi%E1%BB%83n_vi_l%E1%BB%B1c_nguy%C3%AAn_t%E1%BB%AD" title="Kính hiển vi lực nguyên tử — Vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kính hiển vi lực nguyên tử" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vijetnamski" 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class="noprint">Izvor: Wikipedija</div> </div> <div id="contentSub" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><div id="mw-content-subtitle" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><p><b>Mikroskop Atomskih Sila</b> (MAS) (<a href="/wiki/Engleski_jezik" title="Engleski jezik">engl.</a> <i><span lang="en">Atomic Force Microscope</span></i>, AFM) ili skenirajući mikroskop sila (<a href="/wiki/Engleski_jezik" title="Engleski jezik">engl.</a> <i><span lang="en">Scanning Force Microscope</span></i>, SFM) je uređaj koji pripada porodici <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikroskop_sa_skeniraju%C4%87om_sondom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikroskop sa skenirajućom sondom (stranica ne postoji)">mikroskopa sa skenirajućom sondom</a> (Scanning Probe Microscope - SPM) čiji se rad zasniva na merenju međumolekularnih sila koje deluju između atoma merne sonde i atoma ispitivanog uzorka. Merenje se sprovodi od tačke do tačke, nakon čega se podaci svih ispitanih tačaka prikupljaju u snimak ispitivane površine. Tehnologija koja je prethodila mikroskopiji atomskih sila je <a href="/wiki/Skeniraju%C4%87i_tunelski_mikroskop" title="Skenirajući tunelski mikroskop">Skenirajuća Tunelska Mikroskopija</a> (<a href="/wiki/Engleski_jezik" title="Engleski jezik">engl.</a> <i><span lang="en">Scanning Tunneling Microscopy</span></i>, STM) čiji se rad zasniva na <a href="/wiki/Kvantna_mehanika" title="Kvantna mehanika">kvantno-mehaničkom</a> efektu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tunelovanje_elektrona&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tunelovanje elektrona (stranica ne postoji)">tunelovanja elektrona</a> kroz dielektrik. </p><p>Ovom, danas izuzetno uspešnom tehnologijom vizuelizacije, postignuta je rezolucija snimanja od nekoliko pikometara čime je omogućeno snimanje uzoraka u atomskoj rezoluciji. Današnja optička i elektronska mikroskopija su na pragu dostizanja ovako visoke rezolucije. U budućnosti se očekuje dalji razvoj obeju tehnologija tako da će biti moguće rutinsko snimanje u atomskoj rezoluciji. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Otkriće_metode"><span id="Otkri.C4.87e_metode"></span>Otkriće metode</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikroskop_atomskih_sila&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odjeljak Otkriće metode" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikroskop_atomskih_sila&action=edit&section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Otkriće metode"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Metoda Mikroskopije Atomskih Sila (MAS) je nastala <a href="/wiki/1986" title="1986">1986</a>. godine kao proizvod istraživanja koja su, u laboratorijama američke firme <a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a> u <a href="/wiki/Cirih" class="mw-redirect" title="Cirih">Cirihu</a>, sproveli <a href="/wiki/Gerd_Binnig" title="Gerd Binnig">Gerd Binig</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Calvin_Quate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calvin Quate (stranica ne postoji)">Kelvin Kvejt</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christoph_Gerber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christoph Gerber (stranica ne postoji)">Kristof Gerber</a>. Ovom otkriću je prethodilo otkriće Skenirajuće Tunelske Mikroskopije (STM) <a href="/wiki/1982" title="1982">1982</a>. godine od strane <a href="/wiki/Gerd_Binnig" title="Gerd Binnig">Gerd Biniga</a> i <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Rohrer" title="Heinrich Rohrer">Hajnrih Rorera</a> koji su za rad na tehnologiji STM nagrađeni Nobelovom Nagradom za Fiziku. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Princip_rada">Princip rada</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikroskop_atomskih_sila&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odjeljak Princip rada" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikroskop_atomskih_sila&action=edit&section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Princip rada"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mikroskopija atomskih sila se zasniva na merenju intenziteta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nepolarne_interakcije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nepolarne interakcije (stranica ne postoji)">nepolarnih međumolekularnih sila</a> čiji je analitički opis dat izrazom za <a href="/wiki/Lenard-D%C5%BEonsov_potencijal" class="mw-redirect" title="Lenard-Džonsov potencijal">Lenard-Džonsov potencijal</a>. Intenzitet nepolarnih <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91umolekularne_sile" class="mw-redirect" title="Međumolekularne sile">međumolekularnih sila</a> je zavisan od rastojanja na kome se nalaze čestice čiju interakciju utvrđujemo, što nam omogućuje da merenjem intenziteta sile tačno odredimo na kom se rastojanju od uzorka (atoma) nalazimo. Na osnovu izmerene vrednosti intenziteta sile se rekonstruiše rastojanje od uzorka i to je osnova za formiranje slike koja se dobija metodom mikroskopije atomskih sila. Ako u velikom broju tačaka na površini nekog uzorka izvršimo merenje intenziteta međumolekularnih sila, tada smo u mogućnosti da, spajanjem tih tačaka, dobijemo informaciju o morfološkom izgledu te površine. </p><p>Merenja se sprovode pomoću <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nano-konzola&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nano-konzola (stranica ne postoji)">nano-konzole</a> koja predstavlja ključnu komponentu sistema za merenje sila čiji se intenzitet kreće u opsegu nekoliko nanonjutna (10<sup>-9</sup> m). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mogućnosti_snimanja"><span id="Mogu.C4.87nosti_snimanja"></span>Mogućnosti snimanja</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikroskop_atomskih_sila&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odjeljak Mogućnosti snimanja" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikroskop_atomskih_sila&action=edit&section=3" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Mogućnosti snimanja"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Zbog prirode interakcije sa uzorkom, koja je mehanička i nije zasnovana na elektromagnetnom zračenju (što je slučaj kod optičke i elektronske mikroskopije) u mogućnosti smo da izvršimo merenja kako u uslovima standardne atmosfere (289 K, 1 atm), tako i u uslovima vakuuma, atmosfere različitih gasova i u tečnosti. Sve ove opcije omogućuju napredno ispitivanje uzoraka koje nije moguće optičkim i/ili elektronskim mikroskopom. </p><p>Osim toga, priprema uzorka je znatno manje zahtevna nego što je to slučaj kod elektronske mikroskopije tako da je jasno da mikroskopija atomskih sila ima svojih prednosti. Međutim, snimci dobijeni elektronskim mikroskopom imaju mogućnost snimanja trodimenzionalnih objekata dok je u mikroskopiji atomskih sila snimanje (zasad) ograničeno na površine. </p><p>Dalje, snimci dobijeni mikroskopijom atomskih sila omogućavaju merenja svih veličina, kako geometrijskih tako i fizičkih (električne, magnetne i mehaničke osobine uzorka, u nastavku) što predstavlja korak unapred u odnosu na elektronsku mikroskopiju. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Režimi_rada"><span id="Re.C5.BEimi_rada"></span>Režimi rada</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikroskop_atomskih_sila&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odjeljak Režimi rada" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikroskop_atomskih_sila&action=edit&section=4" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Režimi rada"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Razlikujemo dva osnovna režima rada ovog mikroskopa: statički i dinamički. U statičkom režimu nano-konzola prelazi preko uzorka i vrši merenja na način koji je prethodno opisan. U dinamičkom režimu se nano-konzoli saopštavaju prinudne harmonijske oscilacije koje je dovode u oscilatorni režim kretanja što omogućava proširenje mogućnosti merenja na veći broj izvedenih fizičkih veličina. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatura">Literatura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikroskop_atomskih_sila&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi odjeljak Literatura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikroskop_atomskih_sila&action=edit&section=5" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Literatura"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41379810">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="column-count: 2;"> <ul><li>A. D L. Humphris, M. J. Miles, J. K. Hobbs, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.infinitesima.com/downloads/APL_paper.pdf">A mechanical microscope: High-speed atomic force microscopy</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081217044159/http://www.infinitesima.com/downloads/APL_paper.pdf">Arhivirano</a> 2008-12-17 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a>, Applied Physics Letters 86, 034106 (2005).</li> <li>D. Sarid, Scanning Force Microscopy, Oxford Series in Optical and Imaging Sciences, Oxford University Press, New York (1991)</li> <li>R. Dagani, Individual Surface Atoms Identified, Chemical & Engineering News, 5 March 2007, page 13. Published by American Chemical Society</li> <li>Q. Zhong, D. Inniss, K. Kjoller, V. B. Elings, Surf. Sci. Lett. 290, L688 (1993).</li> <li>V. J. Morris, A. R. Kirby, A. P. Gunning, Atomic Force Microscopy for Biologists. (Book) (December 1999) Imperial College Press.</li> <li>J. W. Cross <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mobot.org/jwcross/spm/">SPM - Scanning Probe Microscopy Website</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080410032434/http://www.mobot.org/jwcross/spm/">Arhivirano</a> 2008-04-10 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a></i></li> <li>P. Hinterdorfer, Y. F. Dufrêne, Nature Methods, 3, 5 (2006)</li> <li>F. Giessibl, Advances in Atomic Force Microscopy, Reviews of Modern Physics 75 (3), 949-983 (2003).</li> <li>R. H. Eibl, V.T. Moy, Atomic force microscopy measurements of protein-ligand interactions on living cells. Methods Mol Biol. 305:439-50 (2005)</li> <li>P. M. Hoffmann, A. Oral, R. A. Grimble, H. Ö. Özer, S. Jeffery, J. B. Pethica, Proc. Royal Soc. A 457, 1161 (2001).</li> <li>R. V. Lapshin, O. V. Obyedkov, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nanoworld.org/homepages/lapshin/publications.htm#fast1993">Fast-acting piezoactuator and digital feedback loop for scanning tunneling microscopes</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190517162600/http://www.nanoworld.org/homepages/lapshin/publications.htm#fast1993">Arhivirano</a> 2019-05-17 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a>, Review of Scientific Instruments, vol. 64, no. 10, pp. 2883-2887, 1993.</li> <li>R. V. Lapshin, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nanoworld.org/homepages/lapshin/publications.htm#analytical1995">Analytical model for the approximation of hysteresis loop and its application to the scanning tunneling microscope</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190517162600/http://www.nanoworld.org/homepages/lapshin/publications.htm#analytical1995">Arhivirano</a> 2019-05-17 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a>, Review of Scientific Instruments, vol. 66, no. 9, pp. 4718-4730, 1995.</li> <li>R. V. 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Lapshin, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nanoworld.org/homepages/lapshin/publications.htm#automatic2007">Automatic drift elimination in probe microscope images based on techniques of counter-scanning and topography feature recognition</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190517162600/http://www.nanoworld.org/homepages/lapshin/publications.htm#automatic2007">Arhivirano</a> 2019-05-17 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a>, Measurement Science and Technology, vol. 18, iss. 3, pp. 907-927, 2007.</li> <li>P. West, Introduction to Atomic Force Microscopy: Theory, Practice and Applications --- www.AFMUniversity.org</li> <li>R. W. Carpick and M. Salmeron, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr960068q">Scratching the surface: Fundamental investigations of tribology with atomic force microscopy</a>, Chemical Reviews, vol. 97, iss. 4, pp. 1163-1194 (2007).</li> <li>Y. Roiter and S. Minko, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja0558239">AFM Single Molecule Experiments at the Solid-Liquid Interface: In Situ Conformation of Adsorbed Flexible Polyelectrolyte Chains</a>, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 127, iss. 45, pp. 15688-15689 (2005).</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spoljašnje_veze"><span id="Spolja.C5.A1nje_veze"></span>Spoljašnje veze</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikroskop_atomskih_sila&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi odjeljak Spoljašnje veze" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikroskop_atomskih_sila&action=edit&section=6" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Spoljašnje veze"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="infobox sisterproject" style="width: 300px"> <div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Atomic_force_microscopy" title="commons:Category:Atomic force microscopy"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 20px;"><i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Atomic_force_microscopy" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Atomic force microscopy">Mikroskop atomskih sila</a></b></i> na <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Glavna_stranica_-_%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="commons:Glavna stranica - Главна страница">Wikimedijinoj ostavi</a> </div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ifr.ac.uk/SPM/">Uopšten prikaz Mikroskopije sa Skenirajućom Sondom</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100505013830/http://www.ifr.ac.uk/spm/">Arhivirano</a> 2010-05-05 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nanocharacterization.sitesled.com/">Karakterizacija u nanotehnologiji</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090805181832/http://nanocharacterization.sitesled.com/">Arhivirano</a> 2009-08-05 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ntmdt.com/spm-principles">Pregled principa STM/MAS sa animacijama</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090628135221/http://www.ntmdt.com/spm-principles">Arhivirano</a> 2009-06-28 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rhk-tech.com/results/showcase.php">Galerija snimaka dobijenih MSS</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parkafm.com/New_html/resources/01general.php">Kako radi MSS</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080209123336/http://www.parkafm.com/New_html/resources/01general.php">Arhivirano</a> 2008-02-09 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ntmdt.com/scan-gallery">Još jedna galerija slika dobijenih MSS</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090621222351/http://www.ntmdt.com/scan-gallery">Arhivirano</a> 2009-06-21 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ntmdt.com/spm-glossary">Rečnik MSS</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090620103125/http://www.ntmdt.com/spm-glossary">Arhivirano</a> 2009-06-20 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nanoscantech.com/en/gallery/">Galerija snimaka dobijenih MAS</a></li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐cc877b49b‐kwgz5 Cached time: 20241127130058 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.077 seconds Real time usage: 0.094 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 229/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 6086/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 218/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 6/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 749/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.014/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 985679/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 61.355 1 -total 55.81% 34.243 12 Šablon:Webarchive 19.70% 12.085 1 Šablon:Refbegin 11.90% 7.304 3 Šablon:Jez-eng-lat 2.97% 1.820 1 Šablon:Commonscat 2.52% 1.548 1 Šablon:Refend 2.36% 1.448 3 Šablon:Lang --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key shwiki:pcache:778137:|#|:idhash:canonical!sh-latn and timestamp 20241127130058 and revision id 42164808. 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