The Effect of Reducing Superimposed Dead Load on the Lateral Seismic Deformations of Structures

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>The Effect of Reducing Superimposed Dead Load on the Lateral Seismic Deformations of Structures</title> <meta name="description" content="The Effect of Reducing Superimposed Dead Load on the Lateral Seismic Deformations of Structures"> <meta name="keywords" content="Gravity loads, inter-story drifts, lateral seismic deformations, reinforced concrete slabs, response spectrum method, SAP2000, seismic design, seismic pounding, superimposed dead load."> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="citation_title" content="The Effect of Reducing Superimposed Dead Load on the Lateral Seismic Deformations of Structures"> <meta name="citation_author" content="H. Alnajajra"> <meta name="citation_author" content="A. Touqan"> <meta name="citation_author" content="M. Dwaikat"> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2018/01/17"> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="International Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering"> <meta name="citation_volume" content="11"> <meta name="citation_issue" content="11"> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="1587"> <meta name="citation_lastpage" content="1593"> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://publications.waset.org/10008457/pdf"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value=""> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 33093</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mt-3 mb-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem">The Effect of Reducing Superimposed Dead Load on the Lateral Seismic Deformations of Structures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20Alnajajra">H. Alnajajra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Touqan"> A. Touqan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Dwaikat"> M. Dwaikat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The vast majority of the Middle East countries are prone to earthquakes. Despite that and from a seismic hazard point of view, the higher values of the superimposed dead load intensity of partitions and wearing materials of the constructed reinforced concrete slabs in these countries can increase the earthquake vulnerability of the structures. The primary objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of reducing superimposed dead load on the lateral seismic deformations of structures, the inter-story drifts and the seismic pounding damages. The study utilizes a group of three reinforced concrete structures at three different site conditions. These structures are assumed to be constructed in Nablus city of Palestine, and having superimposed dead load value as 1 kN/m<sup>2</sup>, 3 kN/m<sup>2</sup>, and 5 kN/m<sup>2</sup>, respectively. SAP2000 program, Version 18.1.1, is used to perform the response spectrum analysis to obtain the potential lateral seismic deformations of the studied models. Amazingly, the study points that, at the same site, superimposed dead load has a minor effect on the lateral deflections of the models. This, however, promotes the hypothesis that buildings failed during earthquakes mainly because they were not designed appropriately against gravity loads.</p> <iframe src="https://publications.waset.org/10008457.pdf" style="width:100%; height:400px;" frameborder="0"></iframe> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gravity%20loads" title="Gravity loads">Gravity loads</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=inter-story%20drifts" title=" inter-story drifts"> inter-story drifts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=lateral%20seismic%20deformations" title=" lateral seismic deformations"> lateral seismic deformations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=reinforced%20concrete%20slabs" title=" reinforced concrete slabs"> reinforced concrete slabs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=response%20spectrum%20method" title=" response spectrum method"> response spectrum method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=SAP2000" title=" SAP2000"> SAP2000</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=seismic%20design" title=" seismic design"> seismic design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=seismic%20pounding" title=" seismic pounding"> seismic pounding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=superimposed%20dead%20load." title=" superimposed dead load."> superimposed dead load.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Digital Object Identifier (DOI):</strong> <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1315573" target="_blank">doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1315573</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008457/the-effect-of-reducing-superimposed-dead-load-on-the-lateral-seismic-deformations-of-structures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008457/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008457/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008457/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008457/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008457/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008457/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008457/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008457/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008457/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008457/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008457.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1370</span> </span> <p class="card-text"><strong>References:</strong></p> <br>[1] Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters CRED, 'Human Cost of Natural Disasters 2015: A Global Perspective', (2015). <br>[2] J. Jia, and J. Yan, 'Analysis About Factors Affecting the Degree of Damage of Buildings in Earthquake', in Journal of Physics: Conference Series (IOP Publishing, 2015), p. 012062. <br>[3] B. S. Taranath, Wind and Earthquake Resistant Buildings: Structural Analysis and Design (CRC press, 2004). <br>[4] A. S. Arya, T. Boen, and Y. Ishiyama, Guidelines for Earthquake Resistant Non-Engineered Construction (UNESCO, 2014). <br>[5] Y. Ishiyama, S. Fukushima, T. Inoue, H. Ishida, and T. Ishii, 'Revision of Aij Recommendations for Seismic Loads on Buildings', in Structures 2004: Building on the Past, Securing the Future (2004), pp. 1-57. <br>[6] S. Iwai, and H. Matsumori 'Effect of Heavy Dead Weight on Earthquake Damage of Wooden Houses Based on Change of Natural Period', in 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering (Vancouver, B.C., Canada: 2004). <br>[7] R. 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Muthukumar, 'A Contact Element Approach with Hysteresis Damping for the Analysis and Design of Pounding in Bridges' (Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003). <br>[14] MPWH, Jordanian Code for Loads and Forces (Amman: Building Research Center for Ministry of Public Works & Housing, 2006). <br>[15] International Code Council, International Building Code 2015 (Country Club Hills, Ill.: ICC, 2014). <br>[16] ASCE/SEI 7–10, Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures (Reston, Va.: American Society of Civil Engineers: Structural Engineering Institute, 2010). <br>[17] ACI 318, Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318m-14): An ACI Standard: Commentary on Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318m-14) (Farmington Hills, MI: American Concrete Institute, 2014). <br>[18] Computers and Structures CSI, Inc., Berkeley, California, USA, 'Sap2000 V 18.1.1, Integrated Finite Element Analysis and Design of Structures', (2016). <br>[19] Computers and Structures CSI, Inc., Berkeley, California, USA, 'Analysis Verification Examples for Sap2000® and Csibridge®', (2016). <br>[20] H. 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The Effect of Reducing Superimposed Dead Load on the Lateral Seismic Deformations of Structures