CINXE.COM

How to start an ecommerce business

<!doctype html><!--[if IE 8]><html data-19ax5a9jf="dingo" lang="en-US" class="a-no-js a-lt-ie10 a-lt-ie9 a-ie8"><![endif]--><!--[if IE 9]><html data-19ax5a9jf="dingo" lang="en-US" class="a-no-js a-lt-ie10 a-ie9"><![endif]--><!--[if !(IE 8)&!(IE 9)]><!--><html data-19ax5a9jf="dingo" lang="en-US" class="a-no-js"><!--<![endif]--><head><script>var aPageStart = (new Date()).getTime();</script><meta charset="utf-8"/> <script type='text/javascript'>window.ue_mkt = "scna";</script> <script type='text/javascript'>var ue_t0=ue_t0||+new Date();</script> <script type='text/javascript'> window.ue_ihb = (window.ue_ihb || window.ueinit || 0) + 1; if (window.ue_ihb === 1) { var ue_csm = window, ue_hob = +new Date(); (function(d){var e=d.ue=d.ue||{},f=Date.now||function(){return+new Date};e.d=function(b){return f()-(b?0:d.ue_t0)};e.stub=function(b,a){if(!b[a]){var c=[];b[a]=function(){c.push([c.slice.call(arguments),e.d(),d.ue_id])};b[a].replay=function(b){for(var a;a=c.shift();)b(a[0],a[1],a[2])};b[a].isStub=1}};e.exec=function(b,a){return function(){try{return b.apply(this,arguments)}catch(c){ueLogError(c,{attribution:a||"undefined",logLevel:"WARN"})}}}})(ue_csm); var ue_err_chan = 'jserr'; (function(d,e){function h(f,b){if(!(a.ec>a.mxe)&&f){a.ter.push(f);b=b||{};var c=f.logLevel||b.logLevel;c&&c!==k&&c!==m&&c!==n&&c!==p||a.ec++;c&&c!=k||a.ecf++;b.pageURL=""+(e.location?e.location.href:"");b.logLevel=c;b.attribution=f.attribution||b.attribution;a.erl.push({ex:f,info:b})}}function l(a,b,c,e,g){d.ueLogError({m:a,f:b,l:c,c:""+e,err:g,fromOnError:1,args:arguments},g?{attribution:g.attribution,logLevel:g.logLevel}:void 0);return!1}var k="FATAL",m="ERROR",n="WARN",p="DOWNGRADED",a={ec:0,ecf:0, pec:0,ts:0,erl:[],ter:[],buffer:[],mxe:50,startTimer:function(){a.ts++;setInterval(function(){d.ue&&a.pec<a.ec&&d.uex("at");a.pec=a.ec},1E4)}};l.skipTrace=1;h.skipTrace=1;h.isStub=1;d.ueLogError=h;d.ue_err=a;e.onerror=l})(ue_csm,window); var ue_id = '0915GCYPYA4SA7VJDCZB', ue_url, ue_navtiming = 1, ue_mid = 'A191LFTEBYJTJ3', ue_sid = '145-4277329-4211800', ue_sn = 'sell.amazon.com', ue_furl = 'fls-na.amazon.com', ue_surl = 'https://unagi-na.amazon.com/1/events/com.amazon.csm.nexusclient.prod', ue_int = 0, ue_fcsn = 1, ue_urt = 3, ue_rpl_ns = 'cel-rpl', ue_ddq = 1, ue_fpf = '//fls-na.amazon.com/1/batch/1/OP/A191LFTEBYJTJ3:145-4277329-4211800:0915GCYPYA4SA7VJDCZB:sell.amazon.com$uedata=s:', ue_sbuimp = 1, ue_ibft = 0, ue_sswmts = 0, ue_jsmtf = 0, ue_fnt = 0, ue_lpsi = 6000, ue_no_counters = 0, ue_lob = '1', ue_sjslob = 0, ue_swi = 1; var ue_viz=function(){(function(b,f,d){function g(){return(!(p in d)||0<d[p])&&(!(q in d)||0<d[q])}function h(c){if(b.ue.viz.length<w&&!r){var a=c.type;c=c.originalEvent;/^focus./.test(a)&&c&&(c.toElement||c.fromElement||c.relatedTarget)||(a=g()?f[s]||("blur"==a||"focusout"==a?t:u):t,b.ue.viz.push(a+":"+(+new Date-b.ue.t0)),a==u&&(b.ue.isl&&x("at"),r=1))}}for(var r=0,x=b.uex,a,k,l,s,v=["","webkit","o","ms","moz"],e=0,m=1,u="visible",t="hidden",p="innerWidth",q="innerHeight",w=20,n=0;n<v.length&&!e;n++)if(a= v[n],k=(a?a+"H":"h")+"idden",e="boolean"==typeof f[k])l=a+"visibilitychange",s=(a?a+"V":"v")+"isibilityState";h({});e&&f.addEventListener(l,h,0);m=g()?1:0;d.addEventListener("resize",function(){var a=g()?1:0;m!==a&&(m=a,h({}))},{passive:!0});b.ue&&e&&(b.ue.pageViz={event:l,propHid:k})})(ue_csm,ue_csm.document,ue_csm.window)}; (function(d,h,N){function H(a){return a&&a.replace&&a.replace(/^\s+|\s+$/g,"")}function u(a){return"undefined"===typeof a}function B(a,b){for(var c in b)b[v](c)&&(a[c]=b[c])}function I(a){try{var b=N.cookie.match(RegExp("(^| )"+a+"=([^;]+)"));if(b)return b[2].trim()}catch(c){}}function O(k,b,c){var q=(x||{}).type;if("device"!==c||2!==q&&1!==q)k&&(d.ue_id=a.id=a.rid=k,w&&(w=w.replace(/((.*?:){2})(\w+)/,function(a,b){return b+k})),D&&(e("id",D,k),D=0)),b&&(w&&(w=w.replace(/(.*?:)(\w|-)+/,function(a, c){return c+b})),d.ue_sid=b),c&&a.tag("page-source:"+c),d.ue_fpf=w}function P(){var a={};return function(b){b&&(a[b]=1);b=[];for(var c in a)a[v](c)&&b.push(c);return b}}function y(d,b,c,q){q=q||+new E;var g,m;if(b||u(c)){if(d)for(m in g=b?e("t",b)||e("t",b,{}):a.t,g[d]=q,c)c[v](m)&&e(m,b,c[m]);return q}}function e(d,b,c){var e=b&&b!=a.id?a.sc[b]:a;e||(e=a.sc[b]={});"id"===d&&c&&(Q=1);return e[d]=c||e[d]}function R(d,b,c,e,g){c="on"+c;var m=b[c];"function"===typeof m?d&&(a.h[d]=m):m=function(){};b[c]= function(a){g?(e(a),m(a)):(m(a),e(a))};b[c]&&(b[c].isUeh=1)}function S(k,b,c,q){function p(b,c){var d=[b],f=0,g={},m,h;c?(d.push("m=1"),g[c]=1):g=a.sc;for(h in g)if(g[v](h)){var q=e("wb",h),p=e("t",h)||{},n=e("t0",h)||a.t0,l;if(c||2==q){q=q?f++:"";d.push("sc"+q+"="+h);for(l in p)u(p[l])||null===p[l]||d.push(l+q+"="+(p[l]-n));d.push("t"+q+"="+p[k]);if(e("ctb",h)||e("wb",h))m=1}}!J&&m&&d.push("ctb=1");return d.join("&")}function m(b,c,f,e,g){if(b){var k=d.ue_err;d.ue_url&&!e&&!g&&b&&0<b.length&&(e= new Image,a.iel.push(e),e.src=b,a.count&&a.count("postbackImageSize",b.length));w?(g=h.encodeURIComponent)&&b&&(e=new Image,b=""+d.ue_fpf+g(b)+":"+(+new E-d.ue_t0),a.iel.push(e),e.src=b):a.log&&(a.log(b,"uedata",{n:1}),a.ielf.push(b));k&&!k.ts&&k.startTimer();a.b&&(k=a.b,a.b="",m(k,c,f,1))}}function A(b){var c=x?x.type:F,d=2==c||a.isBFonMshop,c=c&&!d,f=a.bfini;if(!Q||a.isBFCache)f&&1<f&&(b+="&bfform=1",c||(a.isBFT=f-1)),d&&(b+="&bfnt=1",a.isBFT=a.isBFT||1),a.ssw&&a.isBFT&&(a.isBFonMshop&&(a.isNRBF= 0),u(a.isNRBF)&&(d=a.ssw(a.oid),d.e||u(d.val)||(a.isNRBF=1<d.val?0:1)),u(a.isNRBF)||(b+="&nrbf="+a.isNRBF)),a.isBFT&&!a.isNRBF&&(b+="&bft="+a.isBFT);return b}if(!a.paused&&(b||u(c))){for(var l in c)c[v](l)&&e(l,b,c[l]);a.isBFonMshop||y("pc",b,c);l="ld"===k&&b&&e("wb",b);var s=e("id",b)||a.id;l||s===a.oid||(D=b,ba(s,(e("t",b)||{}).tc||+e("t0",b),+e("t0",b)));var s=e("id",b)||a.id,t=e("id2",b),f=a.url+"?"+k+"&v="+a.v+"&id="+s,J=e("ctb",b)||e("wb",b),z;J&&(f+="&ctb="+J);t&&(f+="&id2="+t);1<d.ueinit&& (f+="&ic="+d.ueinit);if(!("ld"!=k&&"ul"!=k||b&&b!=s)){if("ld"==k){try{h[K]&&h[K].isUeh&&(h[K]=null)}catch(I){}if(h.chrome)for(t=0;t<L.length;t++)T(G,L[t]);(t=N.ue_backdetect)&&t.ue_back&&t.ue_back.value++;d._uess&&(z=d._uess());a.isl=1}a._bf&&(f+="&bf="+a._bf());d.ue_navtiming&&g&&(e("ctb",s,"1"),a.isBFonMshop||y("tc",F,F,M));!C||a.isBFonMshop||U||(g&&B(a.t,{na_:g.navigationStart,ul_:g.unloadEventStart,_ul:g.unloadEventEnd,rd_:g.redirectStart,_rd:g.redirectEnd,fe_:g.fetchStart,lk_:g.domainLookupStart, _lk:g.domainLookupEnd,co_:g.connectStart,_co:g.connectEnd,sc_:g.secureConnectionStart,rq_:g.requestStart,rs_:g.responseStart,_rs:g.responseEnd,dl_:g.domLoading,di_:g.domInteractive,de_:g.domContentLoadedEventStart,_de:g.domContentLoadedEventEnd,_dc:g.domComplete,ld_:g.loadEventStart,_ld:g.loadEventEnd,ntd:("function"!==typeof C.now||u(M)?0:new E(M+C.now())-new E)+a.t0}),x&&B(a.t,{ty:x.type+a.t0,rc:x.redirectCount+a.t0}),U=1);a.isBFonMshop||B(a.t,{hob:d.ue_hob,hoe:d.ue_hoe});a.ifr&&(f+="&ifr=1")}y(k, b,c,q);var r,n;l||b&&b!==s||ca(b);(c=d.ue_mbl)&&c.cnt&&!l&&(f+=c.cnt());l?e("wb",b,2):"ld"==k&&(a.lid=H(s));for(r in a.sc)if(1==e("wb",r))break;if(l){if(a.s)return;f=p(f,null)}else c=p(f,null),c!=f&&(c=A(c),a.b=c),z&&(f+=z),f=p(f,b||a.id);f=A(f);if(a.b||l)for(r in a.sc)2==e("wb",r)&&delete a.sc[r];z=0;a._rt&&(f+="&rt="+a._rt());c=h.csa;if(!l&&c)for(n in r=e("t",b)||{},c=c("PageTiming"),r)r[v](n)&&c("mark",da[n]||n,r[n]);l||(a.s=0,(n=d.ue_err)&&0<n.ec&&n.pec<n.ec&&(n.pec=n.ec,f+="&ec="+n.ec+"&ecf="+ n.ecf),z=e("ctb",b),"ld"!==k||b||a.markers?a.markers&&a.isl&&!l&&b&&B(a.markers,e("t",b)):(a.markers={},B(a.markers,e("t",b))),e("t",b,{}));a.tag&&a.tag().length&&(f+="&csmtags="+a.tag().join("|"),a.tag=P());n=a.viz||[];(r=n.length)&&(f+="&viz="+n.splice(0,r).join("|"));u(d.ue_pty)||(f+="&pty="+d.ue_pty+"&spty="+d.ue_spty+"&pti="+d.ue_pti);a.tabid&&(f+="&tid="+a.tabid);a.aftb&&(f+="&aftb=1");!a._ui||b&&b!=s||(f+=a._ui());f+="&lob="+(d.ue_lob||"0");a.a=f;m(f,k,z,l,b&&"string"===typeof b&&-1!==b.indexOf("csa:"))}} function ca(a){var b=h.ue_csm_markers||{},c;for(c in b)b[v](c)&&y(c,a,F,b[c])}function A(a,b,c){c=c||h;if(c[V])c[V](a,b,!1);else if(c[W])c[W]("on"+a,b)}function T(a,b,c){c=c||h;if(c[X])c[X](a,b,!1);else if(c[Y])c[Y]("on"+a,b)}function Z(){function a(){d.onUl()}function b(a){return function(){c[a]||(c[a]=1,S(a))}}var c={},e,g;d.onLd=b("ld");d.onLdEnd=b("ld");d.onUl=b("ul");e={stop:b("os")};h.chrome?(A(G,a),L.push(a)):e[G]=d.onUl;for(g in e)e[v](g)&&R(0,h,g,e[g]);d.ue_viz&&ue_viz();A("load",d.onLd); y("ue")}function ba(e,b,c){var g=d.ue_mbl,p=h.csa,m=p&&p("SPA"),p=p&&p("PageTiming");g&&g.ajax&&g.ajax(b,c);m&&p&&(m("newPage",{requestId:e,transitionType:"soft"}),p("mark","transitionStart",b));a.tag("ajax-transition")}d.ueinit=(d.ueinit||0)+1;var a=d.ue=d.ue||{};a.t0=h.aPageStart||d.ue_t0;a.id=d.ue_id;a.url=d.ue_url;a.rid=d.ue_id;a.a="";a.b="";a.h={};a.s=1;a.t={};a.sc={};a.iel=[];a.ielf=[];a.viz=[];a.v="0.301451.0";a.paused=!1;var v="hasOwnProperty",G="beforeunload",K="on"+G,V="addEventListener", X="removeEventListener",W="attachEvent",Y="detachEvent",da={cf:"criticalFeature",af:"aboveTheFold",fn:"functional",fp:"firstPaint",fcp:"firstContentfulPaint",bb:"bodyBegin",be:"bodyEnd",ld:"loaded"},E=h.Date,C=h.performance||h.webkitPerformance,g=(C||{}).timing,x=(C||{}).navigation,M=(g||{}).navigationStart,w=d.ue_fpf,Q=0,U=0,L=[],D=0,F;a.oid=H(a.id);a.lid=H(a.id);a._t0=a.t0;a.tag=P();a.ifr=h.top!==h.self||h.frameElement?1:0;a.markers=null;a.attach=A;a.detach=T;if("000-0000000-8675309"===d.ue_sid){var $= I("cdn-rid"),aa=I("session-id");$&&aa&&O($,aa,"cdn")}d.uei=Z;d.ueh=R;d.ues=e;d.uet=y;d.uex=S;a.reset=O;a.pause=function(d){a.paused=d};Z()})(ue_csm,ue_csm.window,ue_csm.document); ue.stub(ue,"event");ue.stub(ue,"onSushiUnload");ue.stub(ue,"onSushiFlush"); ue.stub(ue,"log");ue.stub(ue,"onunload");ue.stub(ue,"onflush"); (function(b){function g(){var a={requestId:b.ue_id||"rid",server:b.ue_sn||"sn",obfuscatedMarketplaceId:b.ue_mid||"mid"};b.ue_sjslob&&(a.lob=b.ue_lob||"0");return a}var a=b.ue,h=1===b.ue_no_counters;a.cv={};a.cv.scopes={};a.cv.buffer=[];a.count=function(b,f,c){var e={},d=a.cv,g=c&&0===c.c;e.counter=b;e.value=f;e.t=a.d();c&&c.scope&&(d=a.cv.scopes[c.scope]=a.cv.scopes[c.scope]||{},e.scope=c.scope);if(void 0===f)return d[b];d[b]=f;d=0;c&&c.bf&&(d=1);h||(ue_csm.ue_sclog||!a.clog||0!==d||g?a.log&&a.log(e, "csmcount",{c:1,bf:d}):a.clog(e,"csmcount",{bf:d}));a.cv.buffer.push({c:b,v:f})};a.count("baselineCounter2",1);a&&a.event&&(a.event(g(),"csm","csm.CSMBaselineEvent.4"),a.count("nexusBaselineCounter",1,{bf:1}))})(ue_csm); var ue_hoe = +new Date(); } window.ueinit = window.ue_ihb; </script> <!-- 7noru5utmhkpftoizf2p8dm --> <script>window.ue && ue.count && ue.count('CSMLibrarySize', 10240)</script><meta name="a2z:request_id" content="0915GCYPYA4SA7VJDCZB"><meta name="a2z:mons_app_name" content="JellyfishSellDotTenant"><meta name="a2z:mons_config_name" content="JellyfishSellDot"><meta name="a2z:mons_site_name" content="sellDotAmazon"><meta name="description" content="Learn steps and best practices for starting an ecommerce business in 2024."><meta name="robots" content="index, follow"><meta property="og:title" content="How to start an ecommerce business"><meta property="og:description" content="Learn steps and best practices for starting an ecommerce business in 2024."><meta property="og:type" content="website"><meta property="og:image" content="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/ogp/start-ecom-ogp._CB559457518_.jpg"><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><meta name="twitter:title" content="How to start an ecommerce business"><meta name="twitter:description" content="Learn steps and best practices for starting an ecommerce business in 2024."><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/ogp/start-ecom-ogp._CB559457518_.jpg"><link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" href="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/favicon.ico"><link rel="canonical" href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/start-ecommerce-business"><script>!function(){if(window.BOOMR&&(window.BOOMR.version||window.BOOMR.snippetExecuted))return;window.BOOMR=window.BOOMR||{},window.BOOMR.snippetExecuted=!0;var e,t,n,o=document.createElement("iframe"),d=window;function i(e){d.BOOMR_onload=e&&e.timeStamp||(new Date).getTime()}d.addEventListener?d.addEventListener("load",i,!1):d.attachEvent&&d.attachEvent("onload",i),o.src="javascript:void(0)",o.title="",o.role="presentation",(o.frameElement||o).style.cssText="width:0;height:0;border:0;display:none;",(n=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0])?n.parentNode.insertBefore(o,n):document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(o);try{t=o.contentWindow.document}catch(n){e=document.domain,o.src="javascript:var d=document.open();d.domain='"+e+"';void(0);",t=o.contentWindow.document}t.open()._l=function(){var t=this.createElement("script");e&&(this.domain=e),t.id="boomr-if-as",t.src="https://d1t40axu4ik42k.cloudfront.net/boomerang.8c6c93a3f6c6106b3e97.min.js",window.BOOMR_lstart=(new Date).getTime(),this.body.appendChild(t)},t.write('<body onload="document._l();">'),t.close()}();</script><script type="text/javascript" id="cathode-loader" async="" data-mons="true" data-browser-performance="true" data-http_request_id="0915GCYPYA4SA7VJDCZB" data-sn="sellDotAmazon" data-domain="prod" data-realm="USAmazon" data-application-name="JellyfishSellDotTenant" src="https://d1t40axu4ik42k.cloudfront.net/cathodeBoomerang.a9ac4d996f11e99f327a.min.js"></script><script> (function(b,a,c,d){if((b=b.AmazonUIPageJS||b.P)&&b.when&&b.register){c=[];for(a=a.currentScript;a;a=a.parentElement)a.id&&c.push(a.id);return b.log("A copy of P has already been loaded on this page.","FATAL",c.join(" "))}})(window,document,Date);(function(a,b,c,d){"use strict";a._pSetI=function(){return null}})(window,document,Date);(function(d,G,I,J){"use strict";d._sw=function(){var p;return function(w,e,u,z,h,A,q,k,x,B){p||(p=!0,B.execute("RetailPageServiceWorker",function(){function y(a,b){g.controller&&a?(a={feature:"retail_service_worker_messaging",command:a},b&&(a.data=b),g.controller.postMessage(a)):a&&h("sw:sw_message_no_ctrl",1)}function p(a){var b=a.data;if(b&&"retail_service_worker_messaging"===b.feature&&b.command&&b.data){var c=b.data;a=d.ue;var f=d.ueLogError;switch(b.command){case "log_counter":a&&k(a.count)&& c.name&&a.count(c.name,0===c.value?0:c.value||1);break;case "log_tag":a&&k(a.tag)&&c.tag&&(a.tag(c.tag),b=d.uex,a.isl&&k(b)&&b("at"));break;case "log_error":f&&k(f)&&c.message&&f({message:c.message,logLevel:c.level||"ERROR",attribution:c.attribution||"RetailServiceWorker"});break;case "log_weblab_trigger":if(!c.weblab||!c.treatment)break;a&&k(a.trigger)?a.trigger(c.weblab,c.treatment):(h("sw:wt:miss"),h("sw:wt:miss:"+c.weblab+":"+c.treatment));break;default:h("sw:unsupported_message_command",1)}}} function v(a,b){return"sw:"+(b||"")+":"+a+":"}function C(){l.forEach(function(a){q(a)})}function n(a){return a.capabilities.isAmazonApp&&a.capabilities.android}function D(a,b,c){if(b)if(b.mshop&&n(a))a=v(c,"mshop_and"),b=b.mshop.action,l.push(a+"supported"),b(a,c);else if(b.browser){a=u(/Chrome/i)&&!u(/Edge/i)&&!u(/OPR/i)&&!a.capabilities.isAmazonApp&&!u(new RegExp(z+"bwv"+z+"b"));var f=b.browser;b=v(c,"browser");a?(a=f.action,l.push(b+"supported"),a(b,c)):l.push(b+"unsupported")}}function E(a,b, c){a&&l.push(v("register",c)+"unsupported");b&&l.push(v("unregister",c)+"unsupported");C()}try{var g=navigator.serviceWorker}catch(a){q("sw:nav_err")}(function(){if(g){var a=function(){y("page_loaded",{rid:d.ue_id,mid:d.ue_mid,pty:d.ue_pty,sid:d.ue_sid,spty:d.ue_spty,furl:d.ue_furl})};x(g,"message",p);y("client_messaging_ready");B.when("load").execute(a);x(g,"controllerchange",function(){y("client_messaging_ready");"complete"===G.readyState&&a()})}})();var l=[],m=function(a,b){var c=d.uex,f=d.uet; a=e(":","aui","sw",a);"ld"===b&&k(c)?c("ld",a,{wb:1}):k(f)&&f(b,a,{wb:1})},H=function(a,b,c){function f(a){b&&k(b.failure)&&b.failure(a)}function F(){l=setTimeout(function(){q(e(":","sw:"+r,t.TIMED_OUT));f({ok:!1,statusCode:t.TIMED_OUT,done:!1});m(r,"ld")},c||4E3)}var t={NO_CONTROLLER:"no_ctrl",TIMED_OUT:"timed_out",UNSUPPORTED_BROWSER:"unsupported_browser",UNEXPECTED_RESPONSE:"unexpected_response"},r=e(":",a.feature,a.command),l,n=!0;if("MessageChannel"in d&&g&&"controller"in g)if(g.controller){var p= new MessageChannel;p.port1.onmessage=function(c){(c=c.data)&&c.feature===a.feature&&c.command===a.command?(n&&(m(r,"cf"),n=!1),m(r,"af"),clearTimeout(l),c.done||F(),c.ok?b&&k(b.success)&&b.success(c):f(c),c.done&&m(r,"ld")):h(e(":","sw:"+r,t.UNEXPECTED_RESPONSE),1)};F();m(r,"bb");g.controller.postMessage(a,[p.port2])}else q(e(":","sw:"+a.feature,t.NO_CONTROLLER)),f({ok:!1,statusCode:t.NO_CONTROLLER,done:!0});else q(e(":","sw:"+a.feature,t.UNSUPPORTED_BROWSER)),f({ok:!1,statusCode:t.UNSUPPORTED_BROWSER, done:!0})};(function(){g?(m("ctrl_changed","bb"),g.addEventListener("controllerchange",function(){q("sw:ctrl_changed");m("ctrl_changed","ld")})):h(e(":","sw:ctrl_changed","sw_unsupp"),1)})();(function(){var a=function(){m(b,"ld");var a=d.uex;H({feature:"page_proxy",command:"request_feature_tags"},{success:function(b){b=b.data;Array.isArray(b)&&b.forEach(function(a){"string"===typeof a?q(e(":","sw:ppft",a)):h(e(":","sw:ppft","invalid_tag"),1)});h(e(":","sw:ppft","success"),1);A&&A.isl&&k(a)&&a("at")}, failure:function(a){h(e(":","sw:ppft","error:"+(a.statusCode||"ppft_error")),1)}})};if("requestIdleCallback"in d){var b=e(":","ppft","callback_ricb");d.requestIdleCallback(a,{timeout:1E3})}else b=e(":","ppft","callback_timeout"),setTimeout(a,0);m(b,"bb")})();(function(a){var b=a.reg,c=a.unreg;g&&g.getRegistrations?(w.when("A").execute(function(b){if((a.reg.mshop||a.unreg.mshop)&&"function"===typeof n&&n(b)){var f=a.reg.mshop?"T1":"C",e=d.ue;e&&e.trigger?e.trigger("MSHOP_SW_CLIENT_446196",f):h("sw:mshop:wt:failed")}D(b, c,"unregister")}),x(d,"load",function(){w.when("A").execute(function(a){D(a,b,"register");C()})})):(E(b&&b.browser,c&&c.browser,"browser"),w.when("A").execute(function(a){"function"===typeof n&&n(a)&&E(b&&b.mshop,c&&c.mshop,"mshop_and")}))})({reg:{},unreg:{}})}))}}()})(window,document,Date);(function(c,e,I,B){"use strict";c._pd=function(){var a,u;return function(C,f,h,k,b,D,v,E,F){function w(d){try{return d()}catch(J){return!1}}function l(){if(m){var d={w:c.innerWidth||b.clientWidth,h:c.innerHeight||b.clientHeight};5<Math.abs(d.w-q.w)||50<d.h-q.h?(q=d,n=4,(d=a.mobile||a.tablet?450<d.w&&d.w>d.h:1250<=d.w)?k(b,"a-ws"):b.className=v(b,"a-ws")):0<n&&(n--,x=setTimeout(l,16))}}function G(d){(m=d===B?!m:!!d)&&l()}function H(){return m}if(!u){u=!0;var r=function(){var d=["O","ms","Moz","Webkit"], c=e.createElement("div");return{testGradients:function(){return!0},test:function(a){var b=a.charAt(0).toUpperCase()+a.substr(1);a=(d.join(b+" ")+b+" "+a).split(" ");for(b=a.length;b--;)if(""===c.style[a[b]])return!0;return!1},testTransform3d:function(){return!0}}}(),y=b.className,z=/(^| )a-mobile( |$)/.test(y),A=/(^| )a-tablet( |$)/.test(y);a={audio:function(){return!!e.createElement("audio").canPlayType},video:function(){return!!e.createElement("video").canPlayType},canvas:function(){return!!e.createElement("canvas").getContext}, svg:function(){return!!e.createElementNS&&!!e.createElementNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","svg").createSVGRect},offline:function(){return navigator.hasOwnProperty&&navigator.hasOwnProperty("onLine")&&navigator.onLine},dragDrop:function(){return"draggable"in e.createElement("span")},geolocation:function(){return!!navigator.geolocation},history:function(){return!(!c.history||!c.history.pushState)},webworker:function(){return!!c.Worker},autofocus:function(){return"autofocus"in e.createElement("input")}, inputPlaceholder:function(){return"placeholder"in e.createElement("input")},textareaPlaceholder:function(){return"placeholder"in e.createElement("textarea")},localStorage:function(){return"localStorage"in c&&null!==c.localStorage},orientation:function(){return"orientation"in c},touch:function(){return"ontouchend"in e},gradients:function(){return r.testGradients()},hires:function(){var a=c.devicePixelRatio&&1.5<=c.devicePixelRatio||c.matchMedia&&c.matchMedia("(min-resolution:144dpi)").matches;E("hiRes"+ (z?"Mobile":A?"Tablet":"Desktop"),a?1:0);return a},transform3d:function(){return r.testTransform3d()},touchScrolling:function(){return f(/Windowshop|android|OS ([5-9]|[1-9][0-9]+)(_[0-9]{1,2})+ like Mac OS X|SOFTWARE=([5-9]|[1-9][0-9]+)(.[0-9]{1,2})+.*DEVICE=iPhone|Chrome|Silk|Firefox|Trident.+?; Touch/i)},ios:function(){return f(/OS [1-9][0-9]*(_[0-9]*)+ like Mac OS X/i)&&!f(/trident|Edge/i)},android:function(){return f(/android.([1-9]|[L-Z])/i)&&!f(/trident|Edge/i)},mobile:function(){return z}, tablet:function(){return A},rtl:function(){return"rtl"===b.dir}};for(var g in a)a.hasOwnProperty(g)&&(a[g]=w(a[g]));for(var t="textShadow textStroke boxShadow borderRadius borderImage opacity transform transition".split(" "),p=0;p<t.length;p++)a[t[p]]=w(function(){return r.test(t[p])});var m=!0,x=0,q={w:0,h:0},n=4;l();h(c,"resize",function(){clearTimeout(x);n=4;l()});b.className=v(b,"a-no-js");k(b,"a-js");!f(/OS [1-8](_[0-9]*)+ like Mac OS X/i)||c.navigator.standalone||f(/safari/i)||k(b,"a-ember"); h=[];for(g in a)a.hasOwnProperty(g)&&a[g]&&h.push("a-"+g.replace(/([A-Z])/g,function(a){return"-"+a.toLowerCase()}));k(b,h.join(" "));b.setAttribute("data-aui-build-date",F);C.register("p-detect",function(){return{capabilities:a,localStorage:a.localStorage&&D,toggleResponsiveGrid:G,responsiveGridEnabled:H}});return a||{}}}}()})(window,document,Date);(function(g,l,C,D){function E(a){n&&n.tag&&n.tag(p(":","aui",a))}function m(a,b){n&&n.count&&n.count("aui:"+a,0===b?0:b||(n.count("aui:"+a)||0)+1)}function F(a){try{return a.test(navigator.userAgent)}catch(b){return!1}}function G(a){return"function"===typeof a}function u(a,b,c){a.addEventListener?a.addEventListener(b,c,!1):a.attachEvent&&a.attachEvent("on"+b,c)}function p(a,b,c,f){b=b&&c?b+a+c:b||c;return f?p(a,b,f):b}function y(a,b,c){try{Object.defineProperty(a,b,{value:c,writable:!1})}catch(f){a[b]= c}return c}function O(a,b){a.className=P(a,b)+" "+b}function P(a,b){return(" "+a.className+" ").split(" "+b+" ").join(" ").replace(/^ | $/g,"")}function ca(a,b,c){var f=c=a.length,e=function(){f--||(H.push(b),I||(q?q.set(z):setTimeout(z,0),I=!0))};for(e();c--;)Q[a[c]]?e():(v[a[c]]=v[a[c]]||[]).push(e)}function da(a,b,c,f,e){var d=l.createElement(a?"script":"link");u(d,"error",f);e&&u(d,"load",e);a?(d.type="text/javascript",d.async=!0,c&&/AUIClients|images[/]I/.test(b)&&d.setAttribute("crossorigin", "anonymous"),d.src=b):(d.rel="stylesheet",d.href=b);l.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(d)}function R(a,b){return function(c,f){function e(){da(b,c,d,function(b){J?m("resource_unload"):d?(d=!1,m("resource_retry"),e()):(m("resource_error"),a.log("Asset failed to load: "+c));b&&b.stopPropagation?b.stopPropagation():g.event&&(g.event.cancelBubble=!0)},f)}if(S[c])return!1;S[c]=!0;m("resource_count");var d=!0;return!e()}}function ea(a,b,c){for(var f={name:a,guard:function(c){return b.guardFatal(a, c)},guardTime:function(a){return b.guardTime(a)},logError:function(c,d,e){b.logError(c,d,e,a)}},e=[],d=0;d<c.length;d++)A.hasOwnProperty(c[d])&&(e[d]=K.hasOwnProperty(c[d])?K[c[d]](A[c[d]],f):A[c[d]]);return e}function w(a,b,c,f,e){return function(d,k){function n(){var a=null;f?a=k:G(k)&&(q.start=r(),a=k.apply(g,ea(d,h,l)),q.end=r());if(b){A[d]=a;a=d;for(Q[a]=!0;(v[a]||[]).length;)v[a].shift()();delete v[a]}q.done=!0}var h=e||this;G(d)&&(k=d,d=D);b&&(d=d?d.replace(T,""):"__NONAME__",L.hasOwnProperty(d)&& h.error(p(", reregistered by ",p(" by ",d+" already registered",L[d]),h.attribution),d),L[d]=h.attribution);for(var l=[],m=0;m<a.length;m++)l[m]=a[m].replace(T,"");var q=x[d||"anon"+ ++fa]={depend:l,registered:r(),namespace:h.namespace};d&&ha.hasOwnProperty(d);c?n():ca(l,h.guardFatal(d,n),d);return{decorate:function(a){K[d]=h.guardFatal(d,a)}}}}function U(a){return function(){var b=Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments);return{execute:w(b,!1,a,!1,this),register:w(b,!0,a,!1,this)}}}function M(a,b){return function(c, f){f||(f=c,c=D);var e=this.attribution;return function(){h.push(b||{attribution:e,name:c,logLevel:a});var d=f.apply(this,arguments);h.pop();return d}}}function B(a,b){this.load={js:R(this,!0),css:R(this)};y(this,"namespace",b);y(this,"attribution",a)}function V(){l.body?k.trigger("a-bodyBegin"):setTimeout(V,20)}"use strict";var t=C.now=C.now||function(){return+new C},r=function(a){return a&&a.now?a.now.bind(a):t}(g.performance),ia=r(),ha={},n=g.ue;E();E("aui_build_date:3.24.9-2024-11-18");var W={getItem:function(a){try{return g.localStorage.getItem(a)}catch(b){}}, setItem:function(a,b){try{return g.localStorage.setItem(a,b)}catch(c){}}},q=g._pSetI(),H=[],ja=[],I=!1,ka=navigator.scheduling&&"function"===typeof navigator.scheduling.isInputPending;var z=function(){for(var a=q?q.set(z):setTimeout(z,0),b=t();ja.length||H.length;)if(H.shift()(),q&&ka){if(150<t()-b&&!navigator.scheduling.isInputPending()||50<t()-b&&navigator.scheduling.isInputPending())return}else if(50<t()-b)return;q?q.clear(a):clearTimeout(a);I=!1};var Q={},v={},S={},J=!1;u(g,"beforeunload",function(){J= !0;setTimeout(function(){J=!1},1E4)});var T=/^prv:/,L={},A={},K={},x={},fa=0,X=String.fromCharCode(92),h=[],Y=!0,Z=g.onerror;g.onerror=function(a,b,c,f,e){e&&"object"===typeof e||(e=Error(a,b,c),e.columnNumber=f,e.stack=b||c||f?p(X,e.message,"at "+p(":",b,c,f)):D);var d=h.pop()||{};e.attribution=p(":",e.attribution||d.attribution,d.name);e.logLevel=d.logLevel;e.attribution&&console&&console.log&&console.log([e.logLevel||"ERROR",a,"thrown by",e.attribution].join(" "));h=[];Z&&(d=[].slice.call(arguments), d[4]=e,Z.apply(g,d))};B.prototype={logError:function(a,b,c,f){b={message:b,logLevel:c||"ERROR",attribution:p(":",this.attribution,f)};if(g.ueLogError)return g.ueLogError(a||b,a?b:null),!0;console&&console.error&&(console.log(b),console.error(a));return!1},error:function(a,b,c,f){a=Error(p(":",f,a,c));a.attribution=p(":",this.attribution,b);throw a;},guardError:M(),guardFatal:M("FATAL"),guardCurrent:function(a){var b=h[h.length-1];return b?M(b.logLevel,b).call(this,a):a},guardTime:function(a){var b= h[h.length-1],c=b&&b.name;return c&&c in x?function(){var b=r(),e=a.apply(this,arguments);x[c].async=(x[c].async||0)+r()-b;return e}:a},log:function(a,b,c){return this.logError(null,a,b,c)},declare:w([],!0,!0,!0),register:w([],!0),execute:w([]),AUI_BUILD_DATE:"3.24.9-2024-11-18",when:U(),now:U(!0),trigger:function(a,b,c){var f=t();this.declare(a,{data:b,pageElapsedTime:f-(g.aPageStart||NaN),triggerTime:f});c&&c.instrument&&N.when("prv:a-logTrigger").execute(function(b){b(a)})},handleTriggers:function(){this.log("handleTriggers deprecated")}, attributeErrors:function(a){return new B(a)},_namespace:function(a,b){return new B(a,b)},setPriority:function(a){Y?Y=!1:this.log("setPriority only accept the first call.")}};var k=y(g,"AmazonUIPageJS",new B);var N=k._namespace("PageJS","AmazonUI");N.declare("prv:p-debug",x);k.declare("p-recorder-events",[]);k.declare("p-recorder-stop",function(){});y(g,"P",k);V();if(l.addEventListener){var aa;l.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",aa=function(){k.trigger("a-domready");l.removeEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", aa,!1)},!1)}var ba=l.documentElement,la=g._pd(k,F,u,O,ba,W,P,m,"3.24.9-2024-11-18");F(/UCBrowser/i)||la.localStorage&&O(ba,W.getItem("a-font-class"));k.declare("a-event-revised-handling",!1);g._sw(N,p,F,X,m,n,E,G,u,k);k.declare("a-fix-event-off",!1);m("pagejs:pkgExecTime",r()-ia)})(window,document,Date); (window.AmazonUIPageJS ? AmazonUIPageJS : P).load.js('https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/11zuylp74DL._RC|61xJcNKKLXL.js,11Y+5x+kkTL.js,513OnYsenuL.js,11yKORv-GTL.js,11na7Dl1tFL.js,21uGjv2MRDL.js,01VRMV3FBdL.js_.js?AUIClients/AmazonUIBaseJS#trident'); </script> <title>How to start an ecommerce business</title><script type='text/javascript'> window.ue_ihe = (window.ue_ihe || 0) + 1; if (window.ue_ihe === 1) { (function(c){c&&1===c.ue_jsmtf&&"object"===typeof c.P&&"function"===typeof c.P.when&&c.P.when("mshop-interactions").execute(function(e){"object"===typeof e&&"function"===typeof e.addListener&&e.addListener(function(b){"object"===typeof b&&"ORIGIN"===b.dataSource&&"number"===typeof b.clickTime&&"object"===typeof b.events&&"number"===typeof b.events.pageVisible&&(c.ue_jsmtf_interaction={pv:b.events.pageVisible,ct:b.clickTime})})})})(ue_csm); (function(c,e,b){function m(a){f||(f=d[a.type].id,"undefined"===typeof a.clientX?(h=a.pageX,k=a.pageY):(h=a.clientX,k=a.clientY),2!=f||l&&(l!=h||n!=k)?(r(),g.isl&&e.setTimeout(function(){p("at",g.id)},0)):(l=h,n=k,f=0))}function r(){for(var a in d)d.hasOwnProperty(a)&&g.detach(a,m,d[a].parent)}function s(){for(var a in d)d.hasOwnProperty(a)&&g.attach(a,m,d[a].parent)}function t(){var a="";!q&&f&&(q=1,a+="&ui="+f);return a}var g=c.ue,p=c.uex,q=0,f=0,l,n,h,k,d={click:{id:1,parent:b},mousemove:{id:2, parent:b},scroll:{id:3,parent:e},keydown:{id:4,parent:b}};g&&p&&(s(),g._ui=t)})(ue_csm,window,document); ue_csm.ue.stub(ue,"impression"); ue.stub(ue,"trigger"); if(window.ue&&uet) { uet('bb'); } } </script> <script>window.ue && ue.count && ue.count('CSMLibrarySize', 1263)</script></head><body class="a-aui_72554-c a-aui_a11y_6_837773-t2 a-aui_amzn_img_959719-c a-aui_amzn_img_gate_959718-c a-aui_killswitch_csa_logger_372963-c a-aui_pci_risk_banner_210084-c a-aui_template_weblab_cache_333406-c a-aui_tnr_v2_180836-c a-bw_aui_cxc_alert_measurement_1074111-t1"><div id="a-page"><script type="a-state" data-a-state="{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;a-wlab-states&quot;}">{"AUI_AMZN_IMG_959719":"C","AUI_A11Y_6_837773":"T2","AUI_TNR_V2_180836":"C","AUI_AMZN_IMG_GATE_959718":"C","AUI_TEMPLATE_WEBLAB_CACHE_333406":"C","BW_AUI_CXC_ALERT_MEASUREMENT_1074111":"T1","AUI_72554":"C","AUI_KILLSWITCH_CSA_LOGGER_372963":"C","AUI_PCI_RISK_BANNER_210084":"C"}</script> <img height="1" width="1" style='display:none;visibility:hidden;' src='//fls-na.amazon.com/1/batch/1/OP/A191LFTEBYJTJ3:145-4277329-4211800:0915GCYPYA4SA7VJDCZB$uedata=s:%2Frd%2Fuedata%3Fstaticb%26id%3D0915GCYPYA4SA7VJDCZB:0' alt="" onload="window.ue_sbl && window.ue_sbl();"/> <script> !function(){function n(n,t){var r=i(n);return t&&(r=r("instance",t)),r}var r=[],c=0,i=function(t){return function(){var n=c++;return r.push([t,[].slice.call(arguments,0),n,{time:Date.now()}]),i(n)}};n._s=r,this.csa=n}();; csa('Config', {}); if (window.csa) { csa("Config", { 'Events.Namespace': 'csa', 'ObfuscatedMarketplaceId': 'A191LFTEBYJTJ3', 'Events.SushiEndpoint': 'https://unagi.amazon.com/1/events/com.amazon.csm.csa.prod', 'CacheDetection.RequestID': "0915GCYPYA4SA7VJDCZB", 'CacheDetection.Callback': window.ue && ue.reset, 'LCP.elementDedup': 1, 'lob': '1' }); csa("Events")("setEntity", { page: {requestId: "0915GCYPYA4SA7VJDCZB", meaningful: "interactive"}, session: {id: "145-4277329-4211800"} }); } !function(r){var e,i,o="splice",u=r.csa,f={},c={},a=r.csa._s,s=0,l=0,g=-1,h={},v={},d={},n=Object.keys,p=function(){};function t(n,t){return u(n,t)}function m(n,t){var r=c[n]||{};k(r,t),c[n]=r,l++,S(U,0)}function w(n,t,r){var i=!0;return t=D(t),r&&r.buffered&&(i=(d[n]||[]).every(function(n){return!1!==t(n)})),i?(h[n]||(h[n]=[]),h[n].push(t),function(){!function(n,t){var r=h[n];r&&r[o](r.indexOf(t),1)}(n,t)}):p}function b(n,t){if(t=D(t),n in v)return t(v[n]),p;return w(n,function(n){return t(n),!1})}function y(n,t){if(u("Errors")("logError",n),f.DEBUG)throw t||n}function E(){return Math.abs(4294967295*Math.random()|0).toString(36)}function D(n,t){return function(){try{return n.apply(this,arguments)}catch(n){y(n.message||n,n)}}}function S(n,t){return r.setTimeout(D(n),t)}function U(){for(var n=0;n<a.length;){var t=a[n],r=t[0]in c;if(!r&&!i)return void(s=a.length);r?(a[o](s=n,1),I(t)):n++}g=l}function I(n){var t=c[n[0]],r=n[1],i=r[0];if(!t||!t[i])return y("Undefined function: "+t+"/"+i);e=n[3],c[n[2]]=t[i].apply(t,r.slice(1))||{},e=0}function O(){i=1,U()}function k(t,r){n(r).forEach(function(n){t[n]=r[n]})}b("$beforeunload",O),m("Config",{instance:function(n){k(f,n)}}),u.plugin=D(function(n){n(t)}),t.config=f,t.register=m,t.on=w,t.once=b,t.blank=p,t.emit=function(n,t,r){for(var i=h[n]||[],e=0;e<i.length;)!1===i[e](t)?i[o](e,1):e++;v[n]=t||{},r&&r.buffered&&(d[n]||(d[n]=[]),100<=d[n].length&&d[n].shift(),d[n].push(t||{}))},t.UUID=function(){return[E(),E(),E(),E()].join("-")},t.time=function(n){var t=e?new Date(e.time):new Date;return"ISO"===n?t.toISOString():t.getTime()},t.error=y,t.warn=function(n,t){if(u("Errors")("logWarn",n),f.DEBUG)throw t||n},t.exec=D,t.timeout=S,t.interval=function(n,t){return r.setInterval(D(n),t)},(t.global=r).csa._s.push=function(n){n[0]in c&&(!a.length||i)?(I(n),a.length&&g!==l&&U()):a[o](s++,0,n)},U(),S(function(){S(O,f.SkipMissingPluginsTimeout||5e3)},1)}("undefined"!=typeof window?window:global);csa.plugin(function(o){var f="addEventListener",e="requestAnimationFrame",t=o.exec,r=o.global,u=o.on;o.raf=function(n){if(r[e])return r[e](t(n))},o.on=function(n,e,t,r){if(n&&"function"==typeof n[f]){var i=o.exec(t);return n[f](e,i,r),function(){n.removeEventListener(e,i,r)}}return"string"==typeof n?u(n,e,t,r):o.blank}});csa.plugin(function(o){var t,n,r={},e="localStorage",c="sessionStorage",a="local",i="session",u=o.exec;function s(e,t){var n;try{r[t]=!!(n=o.global[e]),n=n||{}}catch(e){r[t]=!(n={})}return n}function f(){t=t||s(e,a),n=n||s(c,i)}function l(e){return e&&e[i]?n:t}o.store=u(function(e,t,n){f();var o=l(n);return e?t?void(o[e]=t):o[e]:Object.keys(o)}),o.storageSupport=u(function(){return f(),r}),o.deleteStored=u(function(e,t){f();var n=l(t);if("function"==typeof e)for(var o in n)n.hasOwnProperty(o)&&e(o,n[o])&&delete n[o];else delete n[e]})});csa.plugin(function(n){n.types={ovl:function(n){var r=[];if(n)for(var i in n)n.hasOwnProperty(i)&&r.push(n[i]);return r}}});csa.plugin(function(a){var e=a.config,n="Errors",c="fcsmln",s=e["KillSwitch."+n];function r(n){return function(e){a("Metrics",{producerId:"csa",dimensions:{message:e}})("recordMetric",n,1)}}function t(r){var t,o,l=a("Events",{producerId:r.producerId,lob:e.lob||"0"}),i=["name","type","csm","adb"],u={url:"pageURL",file:"f",line:"l",column:"c"};this.log=function(e){if(!s&&!function(e){if(!e)return!0;for(var n in e)return!1;return!0}(e)){var n=r.logOptions||{ent:{page:["pageType","subPageType","requestId"]}};l("log",function(n){return t=a.UUID(),o={messageId:t,schemaId:r.schemaId||"<ns>.Error.6",errorMessage:n.m||null,attribution:n.attribution||null,logLevel:"FATAL",url:null,file:null,line:null,column:null,stack:n.s||[],context:n.cinfo||{},metadata:{}},n.logLevel&&(o.logLevel=""+n.logLevel),i.forEach(function(e){n[e]&&(o.metadata[e]=n[e])}),c in n&&(o.metadata[c]=n[c]+""),"INFO"===n.logLevel||Object.keys(u).forEach(function(e){"number"!=typeof n[u[e]]&&"string"!=typeof n[u[e]]||(o[e]=""+n[u[e]])}),o}(e),n)}}}a.register(n,{instance:function(e){return new t(e||{})},logError:r("jsError"),logWarn:r("jsWarn")})});csa.plugin(function(o){var r,e,n,t,a,i="function",u="willDisappear",f="$app.",p="$document.",c="focus",s="blur",d="active",l="resign",$=o.global,b=o.exec,m=o.config["Transport.AnonymizeRequests"]||!1,g=o("Events"),h=$.location,v=$.document||{},y=$.P||{},P=(($.performance||{}).navigation||{}).type,w=o.on,k=o.emit,E=v.hidden,T={};h&&v&&(w($,"beforeunload",D),w($,"pagehide",D),w(v,"visibilitychange",R(p,function(){return v.visibilityState||"unknown"})),w(v,c,R(p+c)),w(v,s,R(p+s)),y.when&&y.when("mash").execute(function(e){e&&(w(e,"appPause",R(f+"pause")),w(e,"appResume",R(f+"resume")),R(f+"deviceready")(),$.cordova&&$.cordova.platformId&&R(f+cordova.platformId)(),w(v,d,R(f+d)),w(v,l,R(f+l)))}),e=$.app||{},n=b(function(){k(f+"willDisappear"),D()}),a=typeof(t=e[u])==i,e[u]=b(function(){n(),a&&t()}),$.app||($.app=e),"complete"===v.readyState?A():w($,"load",A),E?S():x(),o.on("$app.blur",S),o.on("$app.focus",x),o.on("$document.blur",S),o.on("$document.focus",x),o.on("$document.hidden",S),o.on("$document.visible",x),o.register("SPA",{newPage:I}),I({transitionType:{0:"hard",1:"refresh",2:"back-button"}[P]||"unknown"}));function I(n,e){var t=!!r,a=(e=e||{}).keepPageAttributes;t&&(k("$beforePageTransition"),k("$pageTransition")),t&&!a&&g("removeEntity","page"),r=o.UUID(),a?T.id=r:T={schemaId:"<ns>.PageEntity.2",id:r,url:m?h.href.split("?")[0]:h.href,server:h.hostname,path:h.pathname,referrer:m?v.referrer.split("?")[0]:v.referrer,title:v.title},Object.keys(n||{}).forEach(function(e){T[e]=n[e]}),g("setEntity",{page:T}),k("$pageChange",T,{buffered:1}),t&&k("$afterPageTransition")}function A(){k("$load"),k("$ready"),k("$afterload")}function D(){k("$ready"),k("$beforeunload"),k("$unload"),k("$afterunload")}function S(){E||(k("$visible",!1,{buffered:1}),E=!0)}function x(){E&&(k("$visible",!0,{buffered:1}),E=!1)}function R(n,t){return b(function(){var e=typeof t==i?n+t():n;k(e)})}});csa.plugin(function(c){var e="Events",n="UNKNOWN",s="id",a="all",i="messageId",o="timestamp",u="producerId",r="application",f="obfuscatedMarketplaceId",d="entities",l="schemaId",p="version",v="attributes",g="<ns>",b="lob",t="session",h=c.config,m=(c.global.location||{}).host,I=h[e+".Namespace"]||"csa_other",y=h.Application||"Other"+(m?":"+m:""),O=h["Transport.AnonymizeRequests"]||!1,E=c("Transport"),U={},A=function(e,t){Object.keys(e).forEach(t)};function N(n,i,o){A(i,function(e){var t=o===a||(o||{})[e];e in n||(n[e]={version:1,id:i[e][s]||c.UUID()}),S(n[e],i[e],t)})}function S(t,n,i){A(n,function(e){!function(e,t,n){return"string"!=typeof t&&e!==p?c.error("Attribute is not of type string: "+e):!0===n||1===n||(e===s||!!~(n||[]).indexOf(e))}(e,n[e],i)||(t[e]=n[e])})}function k(o,e,r){A(e,function(e){var t=o[e];if(t[l]){var n={},i={};n[s]=t[s],n[u]=t[u]||r[u],n[l]=t[l],n[p]=t[p]++,n[v]=i,w(n,r),S(i,t,1),D(i),E("log",n)}})}function w(e,t){e[o]=function(e){return"number"==typeof e&&(e=new Date(e).toISOString()),e||c.time("ISO")}(e[o]),e[i]=e[i]||c.UUID(),e[r]=y,e[f]=h.ObfuscatedMarketplaceId||n,e[l]=e[l].replace(g,I),t&&t[b]&&(e[b]=t[b])}function D(e){delete e[p],delete e[l],delete e[u]}function T(o){var r={};this.log=function(e,t){var n={},i=(t||{}).ent;return e?"string"!=typeof e[l]?c.error("A valid schema id is required for the event"):(w(e,o),N(n,U,i),N(n,r,i),N(n,e[d]||{},i),A(n,function(e){D(n[e])}),e[u]=o[u],e[d]=n,t&&t[b]&&(e[b]=t[b]),void E("log",e,t)):c.error("The event cannot be undefined")},this.setEntity=function(e){O&&delete e[t],N(r,e,a),k(r,e,o)}}h["KillSwitch."+e]||c.register(e,{setEntity:function(e){O&&delete e[t],c.emit("$entities.set",e,{buffered:1}),N(U,e,a),k(U,e,{producerId:"csa",lob:h[b]||"0"})},removeEntity:function(e){delete U[e]},instance:function(e){return new T(e)}})});csa.plugin(function(s){var c,g="Transport",l="post",f="preflight",r="csa.cajun.",i="store",a="deleteStored",u="sendBeacon",t="__merge",e="messageId",n=".FlushInterval",o=0,d=s.config[g+".BufferSize"]||2e3,h=s.config[g+".RetryDelay"]||1500,p=s.config[g+".AnonymizeRequests"]||!1,v={},y=0,m=[],E=s.global,R=E.document,b=s.timeout,k=E.Object.keys,w=s.config[g+n]||5e3,I=w,O=s.config[g+n+".BackoffFactor"]||1,S=s.config[g+n+".BackoffLimit"]||3e4,B=0;function T(n){if(864e5<s.time()-+new Date(n.timestamp))return s.warn("Event is too old: "+n);y<d&&(n[e]in v||(v[n[e]]=n,y++),"function"==typeof n[t]&&n[t](v[n[e]]),!B&&o&&(B=b(q,function(){var n=I;return I=Math.min(n*O,S),n}())))}function q(){m.forEach(function(e){var o=[];k(v).forEach(function(n){var t=v[n];e.accepts(t)&&o.push(t)}),o.length&&(e.chunks?e.chunks(o).forEach(function(n){D(e,n)}):D(e,o))}),v={},B=0}function D(t,e){function o(){s[a](r+n)}var n=s.UUID();s[i](r+n,JSON.stringify(e)),[function(n,t,e){var o=E.navigator||{},r=E.cordova||{};if(p)return 0;if(!o[u]||!n[l])return 0;n[f]&&r&&"ios"===r.platformId&&!c&&((new Image).src=n[f]().url,c=1);var i=n[l](t);if(!i.type&&o[u](i.url,i.body))return e(),1},function(n,t,e){if(!n[l])return 0;var o=n[l](t),r=o.url,i=o.body,c=o.type,f=new XMLHttpRequest,a=0;function u(n,t,e){f.open("POST",n),f.withCredentials=!p,e&&f.setRequestHeader("Content-Type",e),f.send(t)}return f.onload=function(){f.status<299?e():s.config[g+".XHRRetries"]&&a<3&&b(function(){u(r,i,c)},++a*h)},u(r,i,c),1}].some(function(n){try{return n(t,e,o)}catch(n){}})}k&&(s.once("$afterload",function(){o=1,function(e){(s[i]()||[]).forEach(function(n){if(!n.indexOf(r))try{var t=s[i](n);s[a](n),JSON.parse(t).forEach(e)}catch(n){s.error(n)}})}(T),s.on(R,"visibilitychange",q,!1),q()}),s.once("$afterunload",function(){o=1,q()}),s.on("$afterPageTransition",function(){y=0,I=w}),s.register(g,{log:T,register:function(n){m.push(n)}}))});csa.plugin(function(n){var r=n.config["Events.SushiEndpoint"];n("Transport")("register",{accepts:function(n){return n.schemaId},post:function(n){var t=n.map(function(n){return{data:n}});return{url:r,body:JSON.stringify({events:t})}},preflight:function(){var n,t=/\/\/(.*?)\//.exec(r);return t&&t[1]&&(n="https://"+t[1]+"/ping"),{url:n}},chunks:function(n){for(var t=[];500<n.length;)t.push(n.splice(0,500));return t.push(n),t}})});csa.plugin(function(n){var t,a,o,r,e=n.config,i="PageViews",d=e[i+".ImpressionMinimumTime"]||1e3,s="hidden",c="innerHeight",l="innerWidth",g="renderedTo",f=g+"Viewed",m=g+"Meaningful",u=g+"Impressed",p=1,h=2,v=3,w=4,P=5,y="loaded",I=7,b=8,T=n.global,S=n.on,E=n("Events",{producerId:"csa",lob:e.lob||"0"}),K=T.document,V={},$={},M=P,R=e["KillSwitch."+i],H=e["KillSwitch.PageRender"],W=e["KillSwitch.PageImpressed"];function j(e){if(!V[I]){if(V[e]=n.time(),e!==v&&e!==y||(t=t||V[e]),t&&M===w){if(a=a||V[e],!R)(i={})[m]=t-o,i[f]=a-o,k("PageView.5",i);r=r||n.timeout(x,d)}var i;if(e!==P&&e!==p&&e!==h||(clearTimeout(r),r=0),e!==p&&e!==h||H||k("PageRender.4",{transitionType:e===p?"hard":"soft"}),e===I&&!W)(i={})[m]=t-o,i[f]=a-o,i[u]=V[e]-o,k("PageImpressed.3",i)}}function k(e,i){$[e]||(i.schemaId="<ns>."+e,E("log",i,{ent:"all"}),$[e]=1)}function q(){0===T[c]&&0===T[l]?(M=b,n("Events")("setEntity",{page:{viewport:"hidden-iframe"}})):M=K[s]?P:w,j(M)}function x(){j(I),r=0}function z(){var e=o?h:p;V={},$={},a=t=0,o=n.time(),j(e),q()}function A(){var e=K.readyState;"interactive"===e&&j(v),"complete"===e&&j(y)}K&&void 0!==K[s]?(z(),S(K,"visibilitychange",q,!1),S(K,"readystatechange",A,!1),S("$afterPageTransition",z),S("$timing:loaded",A),n.once("$load",A)):n.warn("Page visibility not supported")});csa.plugin(function(c){var s=c.config["Interactions.ParentChainLength"]||35,e="click",r="touches",f="timeStamp",o="length",u="pageX",g="pageY",p="pageXOffset",h="pageYOffset",m=250,v=5,d=200,l=.5,t={capture:!0,passive:!0},X=c.global,Y=c.emit,n=c.on,x=X.Math.abs,a=(X.document||{}).documentElement||{},y={x:0,y:0,t:0,sX:0,sY:0},N={x:0,y:0,t:0,sX:0,sY:0};function b(t){if(t.id)return"//*[@id='"+t.id+"']";var e=function(t){var e,n=1;for(e=t.previousSibling;e;e=e.previousSibling)e.nodeName===t.nodeName&&(n+=1);return n}(t),n=t.nodeName;return 1!==e&&(n+="["+e+"]"),t.parentNode&&(n=b(t.parentNode)+"/"+n),n}function I(t,e,n){var a=c("Content",{target:n}),i={schemaId:"<ns>.ContentInteraction.2",interaction:t,interactionData:e,messageId:c.UUID()};if(n){var r=b(n);r&&(i.attribution=r);var o=function(t){for(var e=t,n=e.tagName,a=!1,i=t?t.href:null,r=0;r<s;r++){if(!e||!e.parentElement){a=!0;break}n=(e=e.parentElement).tagName+"/"+n,i=i||e.href}return a||(n=".../"+n),{pc:n,hr:i}}(n);o.pc&&(i.interactionData.parentChain=o.pc),o.hr&&(i.interactionData.href=o.hr)}a("log",i),Y("$content.interaction",{e:i,w:a})}function i(t){I(e,{interactionX:""+t.pageX,interactionY:""+t.pageY},t.target)}function C(t){if(t&&t[r]&&1===t[r][o]){var e=t[r][0];N=y={e:t.target,x:e[u],y:e[g],t:t[f],sX:X[p],sY:X[h]}}}function D(t){if(t&&t[r]&&1===t[r][o]&&y&&N){var e=t[r][0],n=t[f],a=n-N.t,i={e:t.target,x:e[u],y:e[g],t:n,sX:X[p],sY:X[h]};N=i,d<=a&&(y=i)}}function E(t){if(t){var e=x(y.x-N.x),n=x(y.y-N.y),a=x(y.sX-N.sX),i=x(y.sY-N.sY),r=t[f]-y.t;if(m<1e3*e/r&&v<e||m<1e3*n/r&&v<n){var o=n<e;o&&a&&e*l<=a||!o&&i&&n*l<=i||I((o?"horizontal":"vertical")+"-swipe",{interactionX:""+y.x,interactionY:""+y.y,endX:""+N.x,endY:""+N.y},y.e)}}}n(a,e,i,t),n(a,"touchstart",C,t),n(a,"touchmove",D,t),n(a,"touchend",E,t)});csa.plugin(function(r){var a,o,t,c,e,n="MutationObserver",f="observe",u="disconnect",i="mutObs",l="_csa_flt",b="_csa_llt",m="_csa_mr",d="_csa_mi",v="lastChild",p="length",_={childList:!0,subtree:!0},g=10,h=25,s=1e3,y=4,O=r.global,k=O.document,w=k.body||k.documentElement,I=Date.now,L=[],B=[],M=[],Y=0,$=0,x=0,A=1,C=[],D=[],E=0,F=r.blank,N={buffered:1},S=0;function T(e){r.global.ue_csa_ss_tag||r.emit("$csmTag:"+e,0,N)}I&&O[n]?(T(i+"Yes"),Y=0,o=new O[n](j),(t=new O[n](V))[f](w,{attributes:!0,subtree:!0,attributeFilter:["src"],attributeOldValue:!0}),F=r.on(O,"scroll",q,{passive:!0}),r.once("$ready",H),A&&(G(),e=r.interval(z,s)),r.register("SpeedIndexBuffers",{getBuffers:function(e){e&&(H(),q(),e(Y,C,L,B,M),o&&o[u](),t&&t[u](),F())},registerListener:function(e){a=e},replayModuleIsLive:function(){r.timeout(H,0)}})):T(i+"No");function V(e){L.push({t:I(),m:e})}function j(e){B.push({t:I(),m:e}),S||T(i+"Active"),S=x=1,a&&a()}function q(){x&&(M.push({t:I(),y:$}),$=O.pageYOffset,x=0)}function z(){var e=I();(!c||s<e-c)&&G()}function G(){for(var e=w,t=I(),n=[],u=[],i=0,s=0;e;)e[l]?++i:(e[l]=t,n.push(e),s=1),u[p]<y&&u.push(e),e[d]=E,e[b]=t,e=e[v];s&&(i<D[p]&&function(e){for(var t=e,n=D[p];t<n;t++){var u=D[t];if(u){if(u[m])break;if(u[d]<E){u[m]=1,o[f](u,_);break}}}}(i),D=u,C.push({t:t,m:n}),++E,x=s,a&&a()),A&&r.timeout(G,s?g:h),c=t}function H(){A&&(A=0,e&&O.clearInterval(e),e=null,G(),o[f](w,_))}}); var ue_csa_ss_tag = false, ue_dsbl_ss_um = false; csa.plugin(function(b){var a=b.global,f=a.uet,g=a.uex,c=a.ue,d=a.Object,h=0,e={largestContentfulPaint:"lcp",visuallyLoaded50:"vl50",visuallyLoaded90:"vl90",visuallyLoaded100:"vl100"},l="perfNo perfYes browserQuiteFn browserQuiteUd browserQuiteLd browserQuiteMut mutObsNo mutObsYes mutObsActive startVL endVL".split(" ");a.ue_dsbl_ss_um||(e.speedIndex="si",e.atfSpeedIndex="atfsi");b&&f&&g&&d.keys&&c&&(b.once("$ditched.beforemitigation",function(){h=1}),d.keys(e).forEach(function(a){b.on("$timing:"+a, function(b){var k=e[a];if(c.isl||h){var d="csa:"+k;f(k,d,void 0,b);g("at",d)}else f(k,void 0,void 0,b)})}),a.ue_csa_ss_tag||l.forEach(function(a){b.on("$csmTag:"+a,function(){c.tag&&c.tag(a);(c.isl||h)&&g("at","csa:"+a)},{buffered:1})}))}); </script> <script>window.ue && ue.count && ue.count('CSMLibrarySize', 16536)</script><div id="sc-content-container"> <div dir="ltr" class="content"> <script type="text/javascript"> var isJellyfish = true </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var stage = 'prod'; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var region = 'na'; </script> <script> window.P.when( 'ready' ).register('ld-code-stacking', () => { function initialize() { // This adds the following string to each external URL // &passthrough/ldStackingCodes=ldExample1>ldExample2>ldExample3 if (window.LeadCode) { const ldStackingCodes = window.s.eVar15; if (ldStackingCodes) { window.initialSessionID = new window.LeadCode({ marketingChannel: '', leadCodeAttr: 'ldStackingCodes', defaultCode: trimStackedCodes(ldStackingCodes, 255), locale: '', ignoreValidation: true, srcOrder: [], writeCookie: false }); } } }; function trimStackedCodes(ldStackedCodes, maxLength) { if ( ldStackedCodes && ldStackedCodes.length > maxLength && ldStackedCodes.search('>') != -1 ) { let continueTrim = true; while (continueTrim) { ldStackedCodes = ldStackedCodes.substring(ldStackedCodes.search('>') +1, ldStackedCodes.length); if (ldStackedCodes.length <= maxLength || ldStackedCodes.search('>') == -1) { continueTrim = false; } } } return ldStackedCodes; } function initializeRetry(retries = 3, backoff = 300) { if (window.s.eVar15 && window.s.eVar15 != '') { initialize(); } else if (retries > 0) { setTimeout(() => { return initializeRetry(retries - 1, backoff * 2) /* 3 */ }, backoff) } } initializeRetry(3, 300) }); </script> <link href="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/03/amazonservices/aos.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://d3216uwaav9lg7.cloudfront.net/assets-Sell.css" rel="stylesheet"> <div class="as-body desktop" data-devicetype="desktop"> <div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><header class="mega-menu ember" tabindex="0"><div class="nav-large-view"><div class="nav-overlay-dropdown-backdrop"></div><div class="nav-swb" style="background-color:#49850F"><div class="has-max-width"><div class="left-align"><img class="nav-swb-logo" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/icons/star.svg" loading="lazy"/><span><small><strong>Get 10% back on your first $50,000 in branded sales. </strong><a class="inline-link" href="https://sell.amazon.com/grow" data-cta-id="swm_hp" data-ld-append="SWM_HP">Learn more</a></small></span></div><ul class="right-align"><li aria-selected="false"><span class="nav-search"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M12.3834,13.7168 L8.817,10.1664 C8.45006,10.4112 8.05566,10.5973 7.6338,10.7248 C7.2114,10.8528 6.76126,10.9168 6.2834,10.9168 C5.01673,10.9168 3.9362,10.4752 3.0418,9.592 C2.1474,8.70827 1.7002,7.63307 1.7002,6.3664 C1.7002,5.09974 2.1474,4.0192 3.0418,3.1248 C3.9362,2.2304 5.01673,1.7832 6.2834,1.7832 C7.56126,1.7832 8.63913,2.2304 9.517,3.1248 C10.3949,4.0192 10.8338,5.09974 10.8338,6.3664 C10.8338,6.84427 10.7754,7.29147 10.6586,7.708 C10.5418,8.12507 10.3501,8.5056 10.0834,8.8496 L13.6666,12.4664 C13.8447,12.6445 13.9309,12.8557 13.925,13.1 C13.9197,13.3443 13.8279,13.5499 13.6498,13.7168 C13.4834,13.8944 13.2751,13.9832 13.025,13.9832 C12.7749,13.9832 12.561,13.8944 12.3834,13.7168 Z M6.2834,9.0832 C7.03913,9.0832 7.68073,8.81947 8.2082,8.292 C8.7362,7.764 9.0002,7.12214 9.0002,6.3664 C9.0002,5.6 8.73913,4.95014 8.217,4.4168 C7.69486,3.88347 7.05033,3.6168 6.2834,3.6168 C5.5282,3.6168 4.881,3.88347 4.3418,4.4168 C3.80313,4.95014 3.5338,5.6 3.5338,6.3664 C3.5338,7.13334 3.80313,7.77787 4.3418,8.3 C4.881,8.82214 5.5282,9.0832 6.2834,9.0832 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg><small><strong>Search</strong></small></span><div class="nav-overlay-dropdown"><div class="search-form-container"><div class="has-max-width"><form class="search-form" action="/search" method="get"><div class="search-container"><div class="search-container-input"><input type="search" autoComplete="off" class="search-input" data-autocomplete-label="Try these searches:" name="search" placeholder="Search sell.amazon.com" spellcheck="false"/><i class="search-icon"></i><span class="nav-search"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M7.99991,8.85007 L5.26657,11.5834 C5.14435,11.7056 5.00546,11.764 4.84991,11.7584 C4.69435,11.7528 4.55546,11.689 4.43324,11.5667 C4.31102,11.4445 4.24991,11.3028 4.24991,11.1417 C4.24991,10.9806 4.31102,10.839 4.43324,10.7167 L7.14991,8.00007 L4.41657,5.26673 C4.29435,5.14451 4.23602,5.00284 4.24157,4.84173 C4.24713,4.68062 4.31102,4.53895 4.43324,4.41673 C4.55546,4.29451 4.69713,4.2334 4.85824,4.2334 C5.01935,4.2334 5.16102,4.29451 5.28324,4.41673 L7.99991,7.15007 L10.7332,4.41673 C10.8555,4.29451 10.9971,4.2334 11.1582,4.2334 C11.3194,4.2334 11.461,4.29451 11.5832,4.41673 C11.7055,4.53895 11.7666,4.68062 11.7666,4.84173 C11.7666,5.00284 11.7055,5.14451 11.5832,5.26673 L8.84991,8.00007 L11.5832,10.7334 C11.7055,10.8556 11.7666,10.9945 11.7666,11.1501 C11.7666,11.3056 11.7055,11.4445 11.5832,11.5667 C11.461,11.689 11.3194,11.7501 11.1582,11.7501 C10.9971,11.7501 10.8555,11.689 10.7332,11.5667 L7.99991,8.85007 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg></span></div><ul class="autocomplete-results"></ul></div><div class="search-suggestions"><span class="suggestions-label">Quick links:</span><ul class="suggestions-list"><li><a class="inline-link" href="/search?search=Selling%20on%20Amazon">Selling on Amazon</a></li><li><a class="inline-link" href="/search?search=Fulfillment%20by%20Amazon">Fulfillment by Amazon</a></li></ul></div></form></div></div></div></li><li aria-selected="false"><span class="nav-language-picker nav-language-picker-text"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M8.0168,14.7168 C7.09467,14.7168 6.22507,14.5419 5.408,14.192 C4.59147,13.8416 3.87494,13.3611 3.2584,12.7504 C2.64187,12.1392 2.1584,11.4251 1.808,10.608 C1.45814,9.79147 1.2832,8.91654 1.2832,7.9832 C1.2832,7.06107 1.45814,6.1944 1.808,5.3832 C2.1584,4.572 2.64187,3.86107 3.2584,3.2504 C3.87494,2.6392 4.59147,2.1584 5.408,1.808 C6.22507,1.45814 7.09467,1.2832 8.0168,1.2832 C8.95014,1.2832 9.81947,1.45814 10.6248,1.808 C11.4307,2.1584 12.1392,2.6392 12.7504,3.2504 C13.3611,3.86107 13.8416,4.57494 14.192,5.392 C14.5419,6.20854 14.7168,7.07787 14.7168,8 C14.7168,8.92214 14.5419,9.79147 14.192,10.608 C13.8416,11.4251 13.3611,12.1392 12.7504,12.7504 C12.1392,13.3611 11.428,13.8416 10.6168,14.192 C9.8056,14.5419 8.93894,14.7168 8.0168,14.7168 Z M7.2168,13.0168 L7.2168,11.9 C7.0056,11.9 6.82507,11.8251 6.6752,11.6752 C6.5248,11.5248 6.4496,11.3443 6.4496,11.1336 L6.4496,10.3504 L3.0336,6.9336 C2.9888,7.14427 2.95814,7.33307 2.9416,7.5 C2.92507,7.66694 2.9168,7.828 2.9168,7.9832 C2.9168,9.23867 3.3224,10.3469 4.1336,11.308 C4.9448,12.2696 5.97254,12.8392 7.2168,13.0168 Z M11.9168,11.2336 C12.1168,11.0112 12.2891,10.7749 12.4336,10.5248 C12.5776,10.2752 12.6997,10.0115 12.8,9.7336 C12.9003,9.45574 12.9725,9.16667 13.0168,8.8664 C13.0611,8.56667 13.0832,8.27227 13.0832,7.9832 C13.0832,6.9608 12.8053,6.0248 12.2496,5.1752 C11.6944,4.32507 10.9333,3.7 9.9664,3.3 L9.9664,3.6832 C9.9664,4.00534 9.84987,4.28027 9.6168,4.508 C9.3832,4.73574 9.10534,4.8496 8.7832,4.8496 L7.2168,4.8496 L7.2168,5.6336 C7.2168,5.85547 7.14187,6.0416 6.992,6.192 C6.8416,6.34187 6.65547,6.4168 6.4336,6.4168 L5.6496,6.4168 L5.6496,7.9832 L9.5832,7.9832 C9.8056,7.9832 9.99174,8.05814 10.1416,8.208 C10.2915,8.3584 10.3664,8.54454 10.3664,8.7664 L10.3664,10.3168 L11.0336,10.3168 C11.2891,10.3168 11.5029,10.4056 11.6752,10.5832 C11.8475,10.7608 11.928,10.9776 11.9168,11.2336 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg><small><strong>English</strong></small></span><div class="nav-overlay-dropdown"><div class="language-picker-container"><div class="has-max-width"><span class="nav-language-picker right-align"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M7.99991,8.85007 L5.26657,11.5834 C5.14435,11.7056 5.00546,11.764 4.84991,11.7584 C4.69435,11.7528 4.55546,11.689 4.43324,11.5667 C4.31102,11.4445 4.24991,11.3028 4.24991,11.1417 C4.24991,10.9806 4.31102,10.839 4.43324,10.7167 L7.14991,8.00007 L4.41657,5.26673 C4.29435,5.14451 4.23602,5.00284 4.24157,4.84173 C4.24713,4.68062 4.31102,4.53895 4.43324,4.41673 C4.55546,4.29451 4.69713,4.2334 4.85824,4.2334 C5.01935,4.2334 5.16102,4.29451 5.28324,4.41673 L7.99991,7.15007 L10.7332,4.41673 C10.8555,4.29451 10.9971,4.2334 11.1582,4.2334 C11.3194,4.2334 11.461,4.29451 11.5832,4.41673 C11.7055,4.53895 11.7666,4.68062 11.7666,4.84173 C11.7666,5.00284 11.7055,5.14451 11.5832,5.26673 L8.84991,8.00007 L11.5832,10.7334 C11.7055,10.8556 11.7666,10.9945 11.7666,11.1501 C11.7666,11.3056 11.7055,11.4445 11.5832,11.5667 C11.461,11.689 11.3194,11.7501 11.1582,11.7501 C10.9971,11.7501 10.8555,11.689 10.7332,11.5667 L7.99991,8.85007 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg></span><h3 class="language-picker-heading">Select your preferred language</h3><ul class="language-popup-list single-col"><li class="language-selector" data-lang="en-US"><a href="?mons_sel_locale=en_US" class="language-picker-language current">English - US</a></li><li class="language-selector" data-lang="es-US"><a href="?mons_sel_locale=es_US" class="language-picker-language ">Español - US</a></li><li class="language-selector" data-lang="zh-CN"><a href="?mons_sel_locale=zh_CN" class="language-picker-language ">中文 - CN</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li></ul></div></div><nav><div class="has-max-width"><ul class="nav-items left-align"><li><a href="/?ref_=sdus_soa_home_n" data-cta-id="nav_logo"><img class="nav-logo" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/navigation/amazon-logo-squid-menu.svg" loading="lazy"/><img class="nav-logo-transparent" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/navigation/amazon-logo_white-menu.svg" loading="lazy"/></a></li><li aria-selected="false"><span class="nav-item" data-cta-id="L1_a_start"><strong>Start</strong><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M8.0822,10.4582 C8.19314,10.4582 8.30434,10.4361 8.4158,10.3918 C8.52674,10.3476 8.63207,10.2753 8.7318,10.175 L11.7486,7.15823 C11.9267,6.99183 12.0102,6.77796 11.999,6.51663 C11.9878,6.25583 11.8987,6.04196 11.7318,5.87503 C11.543,5.68623 11.3265,5.5945 11.0822,5.59983 C10.8379,5.6057 10.6267,5.69743 10.4486,5.87503 L8.0822,8.25823 L5.699,5.87503 C5.5214,5.69743 5.31314,5.60863 5.0742,5.60863 C4.83527,5.60863 4.6214,5.70303 4.4326,5.89183 C4.25447,6.06943 4.1654,6.28623 4.1654,6.54223 C4.1654,6.7977 4.25447,7.00863 4.4326,7.17503 L7.4326,10.175 C7.53234,10.2753 7.63767,10.3476 7.7486,10.3918 C7.86007,10.4361 7.97127,10.4582 8.0822,10.4582 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg></span><div class="nav-overlay-dropdown"><div><div class="nav-overlay-dropdown-content has-max-width"><div class="nav-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3>Learn how to sell</h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><ul class="nav-column"><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/sell/registration-guide" target="_self" data-cta-id="1L2_a_1_reg_guide"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/checklist_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Registering as a seller</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Review steps for creating a seller account</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/sell#list-products" target="_self" data-cta-id="1L2_a_2_list_prd"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/seller_fulfilled_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Listing products</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Find out how to match or create listings</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/sell#price-products" target="_self" data-cta-id="1L2_a_3_prc_prd"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/automate_pricing_usd_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Pricing products</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Understand how to set competitive prices</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/sell#fulfillment-method" target="_self" data-cta-id="1L2_a_4_fulfill"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/box_check_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Fulfilling customer orders</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Decide on a fulfillment method</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/sell#promote-products " target="_self" data-cta-id="1L2_a_5_ads"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/ads_badge_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Promoting and advertising</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Drive discovery with promotions and ads</small></div></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3>Get the New Seller Guide</h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><ul class="nav-column"><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/grow" target="_self" data-cta-id="1L2_b_1_nsg"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/explore_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><span class="badge"><small><strong>New</strong></small></span><strong>Explore the guide</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Generate 6x more first-year sales</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/brand-registry" target="_self" data-cta-id="1L2_b_2_br"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/brand_registry_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Brand Registry</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Protect and build your brand</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/tools/a-content" target="_self" data-cta-id="1L2_b_3_aplus"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/box_special_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>A+ Content</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Increase sales with better listings</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/fulfillment-by-amazon" target="_self" data-cta-id="1L2_b_4_fba"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/box_fast_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Fulfillment by Amazon</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Outsource shipping, returns, and customer service</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/grow#nsi" target="_self" data-cta-id="1L2_b_5_nsi"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/incentives_usd_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>New Seller Incentives</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Unlock $50,000 using the guide</small></div></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-panel nav-featured-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3></h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><a class="nav-link" href="https://sell.amazon.com/grow?lang=&amp;v=FX8M9XK8oH8" data-cta-id="1L2_feat_1_nsgvid"><div class="nav-link-card"><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/posters/nsg-mm-bgplay.webp" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-card-body"><span class="badge"><small><strong>Watch overview</strong></small></span><h3>Introducing the New Seller Guide</h3><small class="nav-link-description">Sellers who use the New Seller Guide during their first 90 days generate approximately 6x more first-year sales on average.</small></div></div></a></div></div></div><div class="nav-overlay-dropdown-footer"><div class="has-max-width"><a class="nav-link flex-row-reverse" href="https://sell.amazon.com/quiz?q=1" target="_blank" data-cta-id=""><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><title>arrow_outward</title><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M10.3662,6.2495 L4.91661,11.6831 C4.73848,11.8612 4.52461,11.9503 4.27501,11.9503 C4.02488,11.9503 3.81101,11.8612 3.63341,11.6831 C3.45528,11.5055 3.36621,11.2916 3.36621,11.0415 C3.36621,10.7914 3.45528,10.5775 3.63341,10.3999 L9.06621,4.9503 L4.68301,4.9503 C4.43874,4.9503 4.22488,4.85857 4.04141,4.6751 C3.85794,4.49163 3.76621,4.27777 3.76621,4.0335 C3.76621,3.7887 3.85794,3.57483 4.04141,3.3919 C4.22488,3.20843 4.43874,3.1167 4.68301,3.1167 L11.283,3.1167 C11.5273,3.1167 11.7411,3.20843 11.9246,3.3919 C12.1081,3.57483 12.1998,3.7887 12.1998,4.0335 L12.1998,10.6335 C12.1998,10.8778 12.1081,11.0916 11.9246,11.2751 C11.7411,11.4586 11.5273,11.5503 11.283,11.5503 C11.0387,11.5503 10.8249,11.4586 10.6414,11.2751 C10.4579,11.0916 10.3662,10.8778 10.3662,10.6335 L10.3662,6.2495 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Not sure where to start? Take our business quiz</strong></div></div></a><a class="nav-link flex-row-reverse" href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/faq" target="_blank" data-cta-id=""><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><title>arrow_outward</title><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M10.3662,6.2495 L4.91661,11.6831 C4.73848,11.8612 4.52461,11.9503 4.27501,11.9503 C4.02488,11.9503 3.81101,11.8612 3.63341,11.6831 C3.45528,11.5055 3.36621,11.2916 3.36621,11.0415 C3.36621,10.7914 3.45528,10.5775 3.63341,10.3999 L9.06621,4.9503 L4.68301,4.9503 C4.43874,4.9503 4.22488,4.85857 4.04141,4.6751 C3.85794,4.49163 3.76621,4.27777 3.76621,4.0335 C3.76621,3.7887 3.85794,3.57483 4.04141,3.3919 C4.22488,3.20843 4.43874,3.1167 4.68301,3.1167 L11.283,3.1167 C11.5273,3.1167 11.7411,3.20843 11.9246,3.3919 C12.1081,3.57483 12.1998,3.7887 12.1998,4.0335 L12.1998,10.6335 C12.1998,10.8778 12.1081,11.0916 11.9246,11.2751 C11.7411,11.4586 11.5273,11.5503 11.283,11.5503 C11.0387,11.5503 10.8249,11.4586 10.6414,11.2751 C10.4579,11.0916 10.3662,10.8778 10.3662,10.6335 L10.3662,6.2495 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Review our FAQ</strong></div></div></a></div></div></div></div></li><li aria-selected="false"><span class="nav-item" data-cta-id="L1_b_grow"><strong>Grow</strong><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M8.0822,10.4582 C8.19314,10.4582 8.30434,10.4361 8.4158,10.3918 C8.52674,10.3476 8.63207,10.2753 8.7318,10.175 L11.7486,7.15823 C11.9267,6.99183 12.0102,6.77796 11.999,6.51663 C11.9878,6.25583 11.8987,6.04196 11.7318,5.87503 C11.543,5.68623 11.3265,5.5945 11.0822,5.59983 C10.8379,5.6057 10.6267,5.69743 10.4486,5.87503 L8.0822,8.25823 L5.699,5.87503 C5.5214,5.69743 5.31314,5.60863 5.0742,5.60863 C4.83527,5.60863 4.6214,5.70303 4.4326,5.89183 C4.25447,6.06943 4.1654,6.28623 4.1654,6.54223 C4.1654,6.7977 4.25447,7.00863 4.4326,7.17503 L7.4326,10.175 C7.53234,10.2753 7.63767,10.3476 7.7486,10.3918 C7.86007,10.4361 7.97127,10.4582 8.0822,10.4582 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg></span><div class="nav-overlay-dropdown"><div><div class="nav-overlay-dropdown-content has-max-width"><div class="nav-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3>Optimize your operations</h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><ul class="nav-column"><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/programs/supply-chain" target="_self" data-cta-id="2L2_a_1_sup_chain"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/box_arrow_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Outsource your supply chain</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Get help with shipping, distribution, storage, and fulfillment</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/programs/fulfilled-by-merchant" target="_self" data-cta-id="2L2_a_2_fbm"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/warehousing_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Fulfill orders from your own warehouse</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Get faster, cheaper, and more accurate deliveries</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/brand-registry" target="_self" data-cta-id="2L2_a_3_br"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/brand_centric_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Launch your brand</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Build customer loyalty with brand tools</small></div></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3>Reach more customers</h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><ul class="nav-column"><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/advertising" target="_self" data-cta-id="2L2_b_1_ads"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/advertising_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Advertise with Amazon</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Advertise in and beyond the Amazon store</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/programs/amazon-business" target="_self" data-cta-id="2L2_b_2_amz_bus"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/small_medium_business_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Sell B2B</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Connect with business customers</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/global-selling" target="_self" data-cta-id="2L2_b_3_glob_sell"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/globe_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Sell globally</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Sell to Amazon customers worldwide</small></div></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-panel nav-featured-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3></h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><a class="nav-link" href="https://sell.amazon.com/programs/supply-chain" data-cta-id="2L2_feat_1_sup_chain"><div class="nav-link-card"><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/stock/shipping-containers_278664982.jpg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-card-body"><h3>Outsource your supply chain</h3><small class="nav-link-description">Get end-to-end supply chain management for multiple sales channels.</small></div></div></a></div></div></div><div class="nav-overlay-dropdown-footer"><div class="has-max-width"><a class="nav-link flex-row-reverse" href="https://sell.amazon.com/quiz?q=1" target="_blank" data-cta-id=""><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><title>arrow_outward</title><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M10.3662,6.2495 L4.91661,11.6831 C4.73848,11.8612 4.52461,11.9503 4.27501,11.9503 C4.02488,11.9503 3.81101,11.8612 3.63341,11.6831 C3.45528,11.5055 3.36621,11.2916 3.36621,11.0415 C3.36621,10.7914 3.45528,10.5775 3.63341,10.3999 L9.06621,4.9503 L4.68301,4.9503 C4.43874,4.9503 4.22488,4.85857 4.04141,4.6751 C3.85794,4.49163 3.76621,4.27777 3.76621,4.0335 C3.76621,3.7887 3.85794,3.57483 4.04141,3.3919 C4.22488,3.20843 4.43874,3.1167 4.68301,3.1167 L11.283,3.1167 C11.5273,3.1167 11.7411,3.20843 11.9246,3.3919 C12.1081,3.57483 12.1998,3.7887 12.1998,4.0335 L12.1998,10.6335 C12.1998,10.8778 12.1081,11.0916 11.9246,11.2751 C11.7411,11.4586 11.5273,11.5503 11.283,11.5503 C11.0387,11.5503 10.8249,11.4586 10.6414,11.2751 C10.4579,11.0916 10.3662,10.8778 10.3662,10.6335 L10.3662,6.2495 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Not sure where to start? Take our business quiz</strong></div></div></a><a class="nav-link flex-row-reverse" href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/faq" target="_blank" data-cta-id=""><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><title>arrow_outward</title><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M10.3662,6.2495 L4.91661,11.6831 C4.73848,11.8612 4.52461,11.9503 4.27501,11.9503 C4.02488,11.9503 3.81101,11.8612 3.63341,11.6831 C3.45528,11.5055 3.36621,11.2916 3.36621,11.0415 C3.36621,10.7914 3.45528,10.5775 3.63341,10.3999 L9.06621,4.9503 L4.68301,4.9503 C4.43874,4.9503 4.22488,4.85857 4.04141,4.6751 C3.85794,4.49163 3.76621,4.27777 3.76621,4.0335 C3.76621,3.7887 3.85794,3.57483 4.04141,3.3919 C4.22488,3.20843 4.43874,3.1167 4.68301,3.1167 L11.283,3.1167 C11.5273,3.1167 11.7411,3.20843 11.9246,3.3919 C12.1081,3.57483 12.1998,3.7887 12.1998,4.0335 L12.1998,10.6335 C12.1998,10.8778 12.1081,11.0916 11.9246,11.2751 C11.7411,11.4586 11.5273,11.5503 11.283,11.5503 C11.0387,11.5503 10.8249,11.4586 10.6414,11.2751 C10.4579,11.0916 10.3662,10.8778 10.3662,10.6335 L10.3662,6.2495 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Review our FAQ</strong></div></div></a></div></div></div></div></li><li aria-selected="false"><span class="nav-item" data-cta-id="L1_c_svrs"><strong>Services</strong><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M8.0822,10.4582 C8.19314,10.4582 8.30434,10.4361 8.4158,10.3918 C8.52674,10.3476 8.63207,10.2753 8.7318,10.175 L11.7486,7.15823 C11.9267,6.99183 12.0102,6.77796 11.999,6.51663 C11.9878,6.25583 11.8987,6.04196 11.7318,5.87503 C11.543,5.68623 11.3265,5.5945 11.0822,5.59983 C10.8379,5.6057 10.6267,5.69743 10.4486,5.87503 L8.0822,8.25823 L5.699,5.87503 C5.5214,5.69743 5.31314,5.60863 5.0742,5.60863 C4.83527,5.60863 4.6214,5.70303 4.4326,5.89183 C4.25447,6.06943 4.1654,6.28623 4.1654,6.54223 C4.1654,6.7977 4.25447,7.00863 4.4326,7.17503 L7.4326,10.175 C7.53234,10.2753 7.63767,10.3476 7.7486,10.3918 C7.86007,10.4361 7.97127,10.4582 8.0822,10.4582 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg></span><div class="nav-overlay-dropdown"><div><div class="nav-overlay-dropdown-content has-max-width"><div class="nav-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3>Tools</h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><ul class="nav-column"><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/tools#apps-services" target="_self" data-cta-id="3L2_a_1_apps_svrs"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/app_store_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Find apps and service providers</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Find software and service providers</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/tools#brands" target="_self" data-cta-id="3L2_a_2_build_br"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/brand_registry_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Build your brand</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Try Amazon tools to grow brand loyalty</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/tools#feedback" target="_self" data-cta-id="3L2_a_3_feed"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/lightbulb_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Get feedback and insights</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Review customer traffic, sales, and ratings</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/tools" target="_self" data-cta-id=""><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>View all tools</strong></div></div></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3>Programs</h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><ul class="nav-column"><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/programs#supply-chain" target="_self" data-cta-id="3L2_b_1_sup_chain"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/fulfillment_center_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Simplify your supply chain</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Get help with shipping, storage, and fulfillment </small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/programs#engage" target="_self" data-cta-id="3L2_b_2_engage"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/customer_segments_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Engage with customers</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Advertise, promote, and connect with customers</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/programs#specialty-products" target="_self" data-cta-id="3L2_b_3_specialty"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/enhanced_content_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Sell specialty products</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Offer handmade, pre-owned, or customized items</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/programs" target="_self" data-cta-id=""><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>View all programs</strong></div></div></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-panel nav-featured-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3></h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><a class="nav-link" href="https://sell.amazon.com/brand-registry" data-cta-id="3L2_feat_1_br"><div class="nav-link-card"><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/posters/br-feature.webp" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-card-body"><h3>Amazon Brand Registry</h3><small class="nav-link-description">Enroll your brand with Amazon to access a suite of brand-building tools and protection benefits.</small></div></div></a></div></div></div><div class="nav-overlay-dropdown-footer"><div class="has-max-width"><a class="nav-link flex-row-reverse" href="https://sell.amazon.com/quiz?q=1" target="_blank" data-cta-id=""><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><title>arrow_outward</title><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M10.3662,6.2495 L4.91661,11.6831 C4.73848,11.8612 4.52461,11.9503 4.27501,11.9503 C4.02488,11.9503 3.81101,11.8612 3.63341,11.6831 C3.45528,11.5055 3.36621,11.2916 3.36621,11.0415 C3.36621,10.7914 3.45528,10.5775 3.63341,10.3999 L9.06621,4.9503 L4.68301,4.9503 C4.43874,4.9503 4.22488,4.85857 4.04141,4.6751 C3.85794,4.49163 3.76621,4.27777 3.76621,4.0335 C3.76621,3.7887 3.85794,3.57483 4.04141,3.3919 C4.22488,3.20843 4.43874,3.1167 4.68301,3.1167 L11.283,3.1167 C11.5273,3.1167 11.7411,3.20843 11.9246,3.3919 C12.1081,3.57483 12.1998,3.7887 12.1998,4.0335 L12.1998,10.6335 C12.1998,10.8778 12.1081,11.0916 11.9246,11.2751 C11.7411,11.4586 11.5273,11.5503 11.283,11.5503 C11.0387,11.5503 10.8249,11.4586 10.6414,11.2751 C10.4579,11.0916 10.3662,10.8778 10.3662,10.6335 L10.3662,6.2495 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Not sure where to start? Take our business quiz</strong></div></div></a><a class="nav-link flex-row-reverse" href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/faq" target="_blank" data-cta-id=""><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><title>arrow_outward</title><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M10.3662,6.2495 L4.91661,11.6831 C4.73848,11.8612 4.52461,11.9503 4.27501,11.9503 C4.02488,11.9503 3.81101,11.8612 3.63341,11.6831 C3.45528,11.5055 3.36621,11.2916 3.36621,11.0415 C3.36621,10.7914 3.45528,10.5775 3.63341,10.3999 L9.06621,4.9503 L4.68301,4.9503 C4.43874,4.9503 4.22488,4.85857 4.04141,4.6751 C3.85794,4.49163 3.76621,4.27777 3.76621,4.0335 C3.76621,3.7887 3.85794,3.57483 4.04141,3.3919 C4.22488,3.20843 4.43874,3.1167 4.68301,3.1167 L11.283,3.1167 C11.5273,3.1167 11.7411,3.20843 11.9246,3.3919 C12.1081,3.57483 12.1998,3.7887 12.1998,4.0335 L12.1998,10.6335 C12.1998,10.8778 12.1081,11.0916 11.9246,11.2751 C11.7411,11.4586 11.5273,11.5503 11.283,11.5503 C11.0387,11.5503 10.8249,11.4586 10.6414,11.2751 C10.4579,11.0916 10.3662,10.8778 10.3662,10.6335 L10.3662,6.2495 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Review our FAQ</strong></div></div></a></div></div></div></div></li><li aria-selected="false"><span class="nav-item" data-cta-id="L1_d_resources"><strong>Resources</strong><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M8.0822,10.4582 C8.19314,10.4582 8.30434,10.4361 8.4158,10.3918 C8.52674,10.3476 8.63207,10.2753 8.7318,10.175 L11.7486,7.15823 C11.9267,6.99183 12.0102,6.77796 11.999,6.51663 C11.9878,6.25583 11.8987,6.04196 11.7318,5.87503 C11.543,5.68623 11.3265,5.5945 11.0822,5.59983 C10.8379,5.6057 10.6267,5.69743 10.4486,5.87503 L8.0822,8.25823 L5.699,5.87503 C5.5214,5.69743 5.31314,5.60863 5.0742,5.60863 C4.83527,5.60863 4.6214,5.70303 4.4326,5.89183 C4.25447,6.06943 4.1654,6.28623 4.1654,6.54223 C4.1654,6.7977 4.25447,7.00863 4.4326,7.17503 L7.4326,10.175 C7.53234,10.2753 7.63767,10.3476 7.7486,10.3918 C7.86007,10.4361 7.97127,10.4582 8.0822,10.4582 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg></span><div class="nav-overlay-dropdown"><div><div class="nav-overlay-dropdown-content has-max-width"><div class="nav-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3>Learning</h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><ul class="nav-column"><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/seller-university" target="_self" data-cta-id="4L2_a_1_lrn_su"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/seller_university_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Seller University</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Learn how to sell with Amazon</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/blog" target="_self" data-cta-id="4L2_a_2_blog"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/reading_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Blog</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Get ecommerce tips and info</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/case-studies" target="_self" data-cta-id="4L2_a_3_case_stud"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/video_clapper_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Case studies</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Read seller success stories</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/blog/announcements" target="_self" data-cta-id="4L2_a_4_announc"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/information_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Announcements</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Stay up date on events and services</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn" target="_self" data-cta-id=""><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>View all resources</strong></div></div></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3>Guides</h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><ul class="nav-column"><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/sell-online" target="_self" data-cta-id="4L2_b_1_sell_onl"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/computer_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>How to sell online</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Get an overview for running an ecommerce business</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/what-is-ecommerce" target="_self" data-cta-id="4L2_b_2_ecomm"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/desktop_shopping_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>What is ecommerce?</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Understand how to launch an online sales channel</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/inventory-management" target="_self" data-cta-id="4L2_b_3_inventory"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/box_hand_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Inventory management best practices</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Discover how to manage and track your inventory</small></div></a></li></ul><ul class="nav-column"><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/what-is-dropshipping" target="_self" data-cta-id="4L2_b_4_dropship"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/box_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>What is dropshipping?</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Find out how to outsource handling and delivery</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/how-to-sell-books" target="_self" data-cta-id="4L2_b_5_books"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/book_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>How to sell books</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Learn how to sell books online</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/build-an-online-store" target="_self" data-cta-id="4L2_b_6_build_store"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/store_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>How to build an online store</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Get tips for setting up an ecommerce storefront</small></div></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-panel nav-featured-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3></h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><a class="nav-link" href="https://sell.amazon.com/quiz?q=1" data-cta-id="4L2_feat_1_explorer"><div class="nav-link-card"><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/posters/business-quiz-feature.webp" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-card-body"><span class="badge"><small><strong>Take the quiz</strong></small></span><h3>Recommendations for your business</h3><small class="nav-link-description">Answer three questions and we’ll suggest the right resources for your business.</small></div></div></a></div></div></div><div class="nav-overlay-dropdown-footer"><div class="has-max-width"><a class="nav-link flex-row-reverse" href="https://sell.amazon.com/quiz?q=1" target="_blank" data-cta-id=""><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><title>arrow_outward</title><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M10.3662,6.2495 L4.91661,11.6831 C4.73848,11.8612 4.52461,11.9503 4.27501,11.9503 C4.02488,11.9503 3.81101,11.8612 3.63341,11.6831 C3.45528,11.5055 3.36621,11.2916 3.36621,11.0415 C3.36621,10.7914 3.45528,10.5775 3.63341,10.3999 L9.06621,4.9503 L4.68301,4.9503 C4.43874,4.9503 4.22488,4.85857 4.04141,4.6751 C3.85794,4.49163 3.76621,4.27777 3.76621,4.0335 C3.76621,3.7887 3.85794,3.57483 4.04141,3.3919 C4.22488,3.20843 4.43874,3.1167 4.68301,3.1167 L11.283,3.1167 C11.5273,3.1167 11.7411,3.20843 11.9246,3.3919 C12.1081,3.57483 12.1998,3.7887 12.1998,4.0335 L12.1998,10.6335 C12.1998,10.8778 12.1081,11.0916 11.9246,11.2751 C11.7411,11.4586 11.5273,11.5503 11.283,11.5503 C11.0387,11.5503 10.8249,11.4586 10.6414,11.2751 C10.4579,11.0916 10.3662,10.8778 10.3662,10.6335 L10.3662,6.2495 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Not sure where to start? Take our business quiz</strong></div></div></a><a class="nav-link flex-row-reverse" href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/faq" target="_blank" data-cta-id=""><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><title>arrow_outward</title><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M10.3662,6.2495 L4.91661,11.6831 C4.73848,11.8612 4.52461,11.9503 4.27501,11.9503 C4.02488,11.9503 3.81101,11.8612 3.63341,11.6831 C3.45528,11.5055 3.36621,11.2916 3.36621,11.0415 C3.36621,10.7914 3.45528,10.5775 3.63341,10.3999 L9.06621,4.9503 L4.68301,4.9503 C4.43874,4.9503 4.22488,4.85857 4.04141,4.6751 C3.85794,4.49163 3.76621,4.27777 3.76621,4.0335 C3.76621,3.7887 3.85794,3.57483 4.04141,3.3919 C4.22488,3.20843 4.43874,3.1167 4.68301,3.1167 L11.283,3.1167 C11.5273,3.1167 11.7411,3.20843 11.9246,3.3919 C12.1081,3.57483 12.1998,3.7887 12.1998,4.0335 L12.1998,10.6335 C12.1998,10.8778 12.1081,11.0916 11.9246,11.2751 C11.7411,11.4586 11.5273,11.5503 11.283,11.5503 C11.0387,11.5503 10.8249,11.4586 10.6414,11.2751 C10.4579,11.0916 10.3662,10.8778 10.3662,10.6335 L10.3662,6.2495 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Review our FAQ</strong></div></div></a></div></div></div></div></li><li aria-selected="false"><span class="nav-item" data-cta-id="L1_e_fees"><strong>Fees</strong><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M8.0822,10.4582 C8.19314,10.4582 8.30434,10.4361 8.4158,10.3918 C8.52674,10.3476 8.63207,10.2753 8.7318,10.175 L11.7486,7.15823 C11.9267,6.99183 12.0102,6.77796 11.999,6.51663 C11.9878,6.25583 11.8987,6.04196 11.7318,5.87503 C11.543,5.68623 11.3265,5.5945 11.0822,5.59983 C10.8379,5.6057 10.6267,5.69743 10.4486,5.87503 L8.0822,8.25823 L5.699,5.87503 C5.5214,5.69743 5.31314,5.60863 5.0742,5.60863 C4.83527,5.60863 4.6214,5.70303 4.4326,5.89183 C4.25447,6.06943 4.1654,6.28623 4.1654,6.54223 C4.1654,6.7977 4.25447,7.00863 4.4326,7.17503 L7.4326,10.175 C7.53234,10.2753 7.63767,10.3476 7.7486,10.3918 C7.86007,10.4361 7.97127,10.4582 8.0822,10.4582 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg></span><div class="nav-overlay-dropdown"><div><div class="nav-overlay-dropdown-content has-max-width"><div class="nav-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3>Review fees and costs</h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><ul class="nav-column"><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/pricing" target="_self" data-cta-id="5L2_a_1_std_fees"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/cost_per_click_usd_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Standard selling fees</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Review selling plan and referral fees</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/pricing/optional-costs" target="_self" data-cta-id="5L2_a_2_opt"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/paid_service_usd_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Costs for optional services</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Understand costs for optional Amazon services</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/fulfillment-by-amazon#fba-costs" target="_self" data-cta-id="5L2_a_3_fba"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/box_fast_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Costs for Fulfillment by Amazon (FBA)</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Get a breakdown of costs for this popular program</small></div></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3>Estimate fees and costs</h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><ul class="nav-column"><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/pricing/estimate#products" target="_self" data-cta-id="5L2_b_1_est"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/calculator_usd_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Get an estimate for a product</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Preview selling fees, fulfillment costs, and revenue</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/pricing/estimate#fulfillment" target="_self" data-cta-id="5L2_b_2_comp"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/package_tracking_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Compare estimates by fulfillment method</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Compare FBA with other fulfillment methods</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/pricing/estimate#fba" target="_self" data-cta-id="5L2_b_3_inv"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/shipping_options_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Get an estimate for your FBA inventory</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Preview selling fees and costs for your FBA products</small></div></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-panel nav-featured-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3></h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><a class="nav-link" href="https://sell.amazon.com/pricing/estimate#fulfillment" data-cta-id="5L2_feat_1_rev_cal"><div class="nav-link-card"><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/posters/rev-calc-feature.webp" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-card-body"><h3>Revenue Calculator</h3><small class="nav-link-description">Calculate fees and costs for a product, comparing fulfillment methods.</small></div></div></a></div></div></div><div class="nav-overlay-dropdown-footer"><div class="has-max-width"><a class="nav-link flex-row-reverse" href="https://sell.amazon.com/quiz?q=1" target="_blank" data-cta-id=""><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><title>arrow_outward</title><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M10.3662,6.2495 L4.91661,11.6831 C4.73848,11.8612 4.52461,11.9503 4.27501,11.9503 C4.02488,11.9503 3.81101,11.8612 3.63341,11.6831 C3.45528,11.5055 3.36621,11.2916 3.36621,11.0415 C3.36621,10.7914 3.45528,10.5775 3.63341,10.3999 L9.06621,4.9503 L4.68301,4.9503 C4.43874,4.9503 4.22488,4.85857 4.04141,4.6751 C3.85794,4.49163 3.76621,4.27777 3.76621,4.0335 C3.76621,3.7887 3.85794,3.57483 4.04141,3.3919 C4.22488,3.20843 4.43874,3.1167 4.68301,3.1167 L11.283,3.1167 C11.5273,3.1167 11.7411,3.20843 11.9246,3.3919 C12.1081,3.57483 12.1998,3.7887 12.1998,4.0335 L12.1998,10.6335 C12.1998,10.8778 12.1081,11.0916 11.9246,11.2751 C11.7411,11.4586 11.5273,11.5503 11.283,11.5503 C11.0387,11.5503 10.8249,11.4586 10.6414,11.2751 C10.4579,11.0916 10.3662,10.8778 10.3662,10.6335 L10.3662,6.2495 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Not sure where to start? Take our business quiz</strong></div></div></a><a class="nav-link flex-row-reverse" href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/faq" target="_blank" data-cta-id=""><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><title>arrow_outward</title><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M10.3662,6.2495 L4.91661,11.6831 C4.73848,11.8612 4.52461,11.9503 4.27501,11.9503 C4.02488,11.9503 3.81101,11.8612 3.63341,11.6831 C3.45528,11.5055 3.36621,11.2916 3.36621,11.0415 C3.36621,10.7914 3.45528,10.5775 3.63341,10.3999 L9.06621,4.9503 L4.68301,4.9503 C4.43874,4.9503 4.22488,4.85857 4.04141,4.6751 C3.85794,4.49163 3.76621,4.27777 3.76621,4.0335 C3.76621,3.7887 3.85794,3.57483 4.04141,3.3919 C4.22488,3.20843 4.43874,3.1167 4.68301,3.1167 L11.283,3.1167 C11.5273,3.1167 11.7411,3.20843 11.9246,3.3919 C12.1081,3.57483 12.1998,3.7887 12.1998,4.0335 L12.1998,10.6335 C12.1998,10.8778 12.1081,11.0916 11.9246,11.2751 C11.7411,11.4586 11.5273,11.5503 11.283,11.5503 C11.0387,11.5503 10.8249,11.4586 10.6414,11.2751 C10.4579,11.0916 10.3662,10.8778 10.3662,10.6335 L10.3662,6.2495 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Review our FAQ</strong></div></div></a></div></div></div></div></li></ul><ul class="nav-items right-align"><li><a class="nav-link" href="https://sellercentral.amazon.com/signin?ref_=sdus_soa_gn_sc-login_pn" data-cta-id="li_cta_pn" data-ld-append="SDLI_N_MM" target="_self" data-ld-track="true"><button class="nav-link-button "><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M11.4999,14.7004 C11.9442,14.7004 12.3247,14.5393 12.6415,14.2172 C12.9583,13.8951 13.1167,13.5116 13.1167,13.0668 L13.1167,6.88358 C13.1167,6.43932 12.9583,6.05612 12.6415,5.73398 C12.3247,5.41132 11.9386,5.24998 11.4831,5.24998 L11.3335,5.24998 L11.3335,3.91718 C11.3335,2.98385 11.0111,2.18945 10.3663,1.53398 C9.72203,0.878515 8.93323,0.550781 7.9999,0.550781 C7.06656,0.550781 6.27776,0.878514 5.6335,1.53398 C4.9887,2.18945 4.6663,2.98385 4.6663,3.91718 L4.6663,5.24998 L4.5167,5.24998 C4.06123,5.24998 3.6751,5.41132 3.3583,5.73398 C3.04149,6.05612 2.88309,6.43932 2.88309,6.88358 L2.88309,13.0668 C2.88309,13.5116 3.04149,13.8951 3.35829,14.2172 C3.67509,14.5393 4.06123,14.7004 4.51669,14.7004 L11.4999,14.7004 Z M7.9999,11.1668 C7.66656,11.1668 7.38336,11.0503 7.1503,10.8172 C6.9167,10.5836 6.7999,10.3001 6.7999,9.96678 C6.7999,9.63345 6.9167,9.35025 7.1503,9.11718 C7.38336,8.88358 7.66656,8.76678 7.9999,8.76678 C8.33323,8.76678 8.61643,8.88625 8.8495,9.12518 C9.0831,9.36412 9.1999,9.65025 9.1999,9.98358 C9.1999,10.3057 9.0831,10.5836 8.8495,10.8172 C8.61643,11.0503 8.33323,11.1668 7.9999,11.1668 Z M9.6999,5.24998 L6.2999,5.24998 L6.2999,3.91718 C6.2999,3.43931 6.4639,3.03105 6.7919,2.69238 C7.11936,2.35318 7.52203,2.18358 7.9999,2.18358 C8.47776,2.18358 8.88043,2.35318 9.2079,2.69238 C9.5359,3.03105 9.6999,3.43932 9.6999,3.91718 L9.6999,5.24998 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg><strong>Log in</strong></button></a></li><li><a class="nav-link" href="https://sellercentral.amazon.com/gp/on-board/workflow/Registration/login.html?passthrough%2Faccount=fba_soa&amp;passthrough%2FmarketplaceID=ATVPDKIKX0DER&amp;passthrough%2FsuperSource=OAR&amp;ref_=sdus_soa_sell_rp_n_mm" data-cta-id="rp_cta_n" data-ld-append="SDRP_N_MM" target="_self" data-ld-track="true"><button class="nav-link-button nav-link-primary-button"><strong>Sign up</strong></button></a></li></ul></div></nav></div><div class="nav-small-view"><div class="nav-swb" style="background-color:#49850F"><div class="has-max-width"><div class="left-align"><img class="nav-swb-logo" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/icons/star.svg" loading="lazy"/><span><small><strong>Get 10% back on your first $50,000 in branded sales. </strong><a class="inline-link" href="https://sell.amazon.com/grow" data-cta-id="swm_hp" data-ld-append="SWM_HP">Learn more</a></small></span></div><ul class="right-align"></ul></div></div><nav><div class="has-max-width"><ul class="nav-items left-align"><li class="nav-overlay-drawer-trigger" aria-selected="false"><span class="nav-menu"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="nav-menu-open"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M13.0001,11.6004 C13.1701,11.6004 13.3126,11.5432 13.4276,11.4289 C13.5426,11.3146 13.6001,11.1729 13.6001,11.0039 C13.6001,10.8349 13.5426,10.6921 13.4276,10.5754 C13.3126,10.4587 13.1701,10.4004 13.0001,10.4004 L3.00009,10.4004 C2.83009,10.4004 2.68759,10.4576 2.57259,10.5719 C2.45759,10.6862 2.40009,10.8279 2.40009,10.9969 C2.40009,11.1659 2.45759,11.3087 2.57259,11.4254 C2.68759,11.5421 2.83009,11.6004 3.00009,11.6004 L13.0001,11.6004 Z M13.0001,8.60039 C13.1701,8.60039 13.3126,8.54323 13.4276,8.42891 C13.5426,8.31458 13.6001,8.17291 13.6001,8.00391 C13.6001,7.8349 13.5426,7.69206 13.4276,7.57539 C13.3126,7.45873 13.1701,7.40039 13.0001,7.40039 L3.00009,7.40039 C2.83009,7.40039 2.68759,7.45755 2.57259,7.57187 C2.45759,7.68621 2.40009,7.82787 2.40009,7.99687 C2.40009,8.16589 2.45759,8.30872 2.57259,8.42539 C2.68759,8.54206 2.83009,8.60039 3.00009,8.60039 L13.0001,8.60039 Z M13.0001,5.60039 C13.1701,5.60039 13.3126,5.54323 13.4276,5.42891 C13.5426,5.31457 13.6001,5.17291 13.6001,5.00391 C13.6001,4.8349 13.5426,4.69206 13.4276,4.57539 C13.3126,4.45872 13.1701,4.40039 13.0001,4.40039 L3.00009,4.40039 C2.83009,4.40039 2.68759,4.45755 2.57259,4.57187 C2.45759,4.68621 2.40009,4.82787 2.40009,4.99687 C2.40009,5.16588 2.45759,5.30872 2.57259,5.42539 C2.68759,5.54206 2.83009,5.60039 3.00009,5.60039 L13.0001,5.60039 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="nav-menu-close"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M7.99991,8.85007 L5.26657,11.5834 C5.14435,11.7056 5.00546,11.764 4.84991,11.7584 C4.69435,11.7528 4.55546,11.689 4.43324,11.5667 C4.31102,11.4445 4.24991,11.3028 4.24991,11.1417 C4.24991,10.9806 4.31102,10.839 4.43324,10.7167 L7.14991,8.00007 L4.41657,5.26673 C4.29435,5.14451 4.23602,5.00284 4.24157,4.84173 C4.24713,4.68062 4.31102,4.53895 4.43324,4.41673 C4.55546,4.29451 4.69713,4.2334 4.85824,4.2334 C5.01935,4.2334 5.16102,4.29451 5.28324,4.41673 L7.99991,7.15007 L10.7332,4.41673 C10.8555,4.29451 10.9971,4.2334 11.1582,4.2334 C11.3194,4.2334 11.461,4.29451 11.5832,4.41673 C11.7055,4.53895 11.7666,4.68062 11.7666,4.84173 C11.7666,5.00284 11.7055,5.14451 11.5832,5.26673 L8.84991,8.00007 L11.5832,10.7334 C11.7055,10.8556 11.7666,10.9945 11.7666,11.1501 C11.7666,11.3056 11.7055,11.4445 11.5832,11.5667 C11.461,11.689 11.3194,11.7501 11.1582,11.7501 C10.9971,11.7501 10.8555,11.689 10.7332,11.5667 L7.99991,8.85007 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg></span><div class="nav-overlay-drawer"><div><div class="accordion"><div class="accordion-row" aria-selected="false"><div class="accordion-title" data-cta-id="L1_a_start"><h3>Start</h3><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M8.0822,10.4582 C8.19314,10.4582 8.30434,10.4361 8.4158,10.3918 C8.52674,10.3476 8.63207,10.2753 8.7318,10.175 L11.7486,7.15823 C11.9267,6.99183 12.0102,6.77796 11.999,6.51663 C11.9878,6.25583 11.8987,6.04196 11.7318,5.87503 C11.543,5.68623 11.3265,5.5945 11.0822,5.59983 C10.8379,5.6057 10.6267,5.69743 10.4486,5.87503 L8.0822,8.25823 L5.699,5.87503 C5.5214,5.69743 5.31314,5.60863 5.0742,5.60863 C4.83527,5.60863 4.6214,5.70303 4.4326,5.89183 C4.25447,6.06943 4.1654,6.28623 4.1654,6.54223 C4.1654,6.7977 4.25447,7.00863 4.4326,7.17503 L7.4326,10.175 C7.53234,10.2753 7.63767,10.3476 7.7486,10.3918 C7.86007,10.4361 7.97127,10.4582 8.0822,10.4582 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg></div><div class="accordion-content"><div><div class="nav-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3>Learn how to sell</h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><ul class="nav-column"><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/sell/registration-guide" target="_self" data-cta-id="1L2_a_1_reg_guide"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/checklist_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Registering as a seller</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Review steps for creating a seller account</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/sell#list-products" target="_self" data-cta-id="1L2_a_2_list_prd"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/seller_fulfilled_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Listing products</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Find out how to match or create listings</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/sell#price-products" target="_self" data-cta-id="1L2_a_3_prc_prd"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/automate_pricing_usd_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Pricing products</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Understand how to set competitive prices</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/sell#fulfillment-method" target="_self" data-cta-id="1L2_a_4_fulfill"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/box_check_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Fulfilling customer orders</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Decide on a fulfillment method</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/sell#promote-products " target="_self" data-cta-id="1L2_a_5_ads"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/ads_badge_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Promoting and advertising</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Drive discovery with promotions and ads</small></div></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3>Get the New Seller Guide</h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><ul class="nav-column"><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/grow" target="_self" data-cta-id="1L2_b_1_nsg"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/explore_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><span class="badge"><small><strong>New</strong></small></span><strong>Explore the guide</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Generate 6x more first-year sales</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/brand-registry" target="_self" data-cta-id="1L2_b_2_br"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/brand_registry_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Brand Registry</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Protect and build your brand</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/tools/a-content" target="_self" data-cta-id="1L2_b_3_aplus"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/box_special_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>A+ Content</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Increase sales with better listings</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/fulfillment-by-amazon" target="_self" data-cta-id="1L2_b_4_fba"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/box_fast_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Fulfillment by Amazon</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Outsource shipping, returns, and customer service</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/grow#nsi" target="_self" data-cta-id="1L2_b_5_nsi"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/incentives_usd_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>New Seller Incentives</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Unlock $50,000 using the guide</small></div></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-panel nav-featured-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3></h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><a class="nav-link" href="https://sell.amazon.com/grow?lang=&amp;v=FX8M9XK8oH8" data-cta-id="1L2_feat_1_nsgvid"><div class="nav-link-card"><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/posters/nsg-mm-bgplay.webp" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-card-body"><span class="badge"><small><strong>Watch overview</strong></small></span><h3>Introducing the New Seller Guide</h3><small class="nav-link-description">Sellers who use the New Seller Guide during their first 90 days generate approximately 6x more first-year sales on average.</small></div></div></a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="accordion-row" aria-selected="false"><div class="accordion-title" data-cta-id="L1_b_grow"><h3>Grow</h3><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M8.0822,10.4582 C8.19314,10.4582 8.30434,10.4361 8.4158,10.3918 C8.52674,10.3476 8.63207,10.2753 8.7318,10.175 L11.7486,7.15823 C11.9267,6.99183 12.0102,6.77796 11.999,6.51663 C11.9878,6.25583 11.8987,6.04196 11.7318,5.87503 C11.543,5.68623 11.3265,5.5945 11.0822,5.59983 C10.8379,5.6057 10.6267,5.69743 10.4486,5.87503 L8.0822,8.25823 L5.699,5.87503 C5.5214,5.69743 5.31314,5.60863 5.0742,5.60863 C4.83527,5.60863 4.6214,5.70303 4.4326,5.89183 C4.25447,6.06943 4.1654,6.28623 4.1654,6.54223 C4.1654,6.7977 4.25447,7.00863 4.4326,7.17503 L7.4326,10.175 C7.53234,10.2753 7.63767,10.3476 7.7486,10.3918 C7.86007,10.4361 7.97127,10.4582 8.0822,10.4582 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg></div><div class="accordion-content"><div><div class="nav-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3>Optimize your operations</h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><ul class="nav-column"><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/programs/supply-chain" target="_self" data-cta-id="2L2_a_1_sup_chain"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/box_arrow_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Outsource your supply chain</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Get help with shipping, distribution, storage, and fulfillment</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/programs/fulfilled-by-merchant" target="_self" data-cta-id="2L2_a_2_fbm"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/warehousing_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Fulfill orders from your own warehouse</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Get faster, cheaper, and more accurate deliveries</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/brand-registry" target="_self" data-cta-id="2L2_a_3_br"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/brand_centric_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Launch your brand</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Build customer loyalty with brand tools</small></div></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3>Reach more customers</h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><ul class="nav-column"><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/advertising" target="_self" data-cta-id="2L2_b_1_ads"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/advertising_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Advertise with Amazon</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Advertise in and beyond the Amazon store</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/programs/amazon-business" target="_self" data-cta-id="2L2_b_2_amz_bus"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/small_medium_business_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Sell B2B</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Connect with business customers</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/global-selling" target="_self" data-cta-id="2L2_b_3_glob_sell"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/globe_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Sell globally</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Sell to Amazon customers worldwide</small></div></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-panel nav-featured-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3></h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><a class="nav-link" href="https://sell.amazon.com/programs/supply-chain" data-cta-id="2L2_feat_1_sup_chain"><div class="nav-link-card"><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/stock/shipping-containers_278664982.jpg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-card-body"><h3>Outsource your supply chain</h3><small class="nav-link-description">Get end-to-end supply chain management for multiple sales channels.</small></div></div></a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="accordion-row" aria-selected="false"><div class="accordion-title" data-cta-id="L1_c_svrs"><h3>Services</h3><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M8.0822,10.4582 C8.19314,10.4582 8.30434,10.4361 8.4158,10.3918 C8.52674,10.3476 8.63207,10.2753 8.7318,10.175 L11.7486,7.15823 C11.9267,6.99183 12.0102,6.77796 11.999,6.51663 C11.9878,6.25583 11.8987,6.04196 11.7318,5.87503 C11.543,5.68623 11.3265,5.5945 11.0822,5.59983 C10.8379,5.6057 10.6267,5.69743 10.4486,5.87503 L8.0822,8.25823 L5.699,5.87503 C5.5214,5.69743 5.31314,5.60863 5.0742,5.60863 C4.83527,5.60863 4.6214,5.70303 4.4326,5.89183 C4.25447,6.06943 4.1654,6.28623 4.1654,6.54223 C4.1654,6.7977 4.25447,7.00863 4.4326,7.17503 L7.4326,10.175 C7.53234,10.2753 7.63767,10.3476 7.7486,10.3918 C7.86007,10.4361 7.97127,10.4582 8.0822,10.4582 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg></div><div class="accordion-content"><div><div class="nav-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3>Tools</h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><ul class="nav-column"><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/tools#apps-services" target="_self" data-cta-id="3L2_a_1_apps_svrs"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/app_store_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Find apps and service providers</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Find software and service providers</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/tools#brands" target="_self" data-cta-id="3L2_a_2_build_br"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/brand_registry_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Build your brand</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Try Amazon tools to grow brand loyalty</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/tools#feedback" target="_self" data-cta-id="3L2_a_3_feed"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/lightbulb_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Get feedback and insights</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Review customer traffic, sales, and ratings</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/tools" target="_self" data-cta-id=""><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>View all tools</strong></div></div></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3>Programs</h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><ul class="nav-column"><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/programs#supply-chain" target="_self" data-cta-id="3L2_b_1_sup_chain"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/fulfillment_center_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Simplify your supply chain</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Get help with shipping, storage, and fulfillment </small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/programs#engage" target="_self" data-cta-id="3L2_b_2_engage"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/customer_segments_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Engage with customers</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Advertise, promote, and connect with customers</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/programs#specialty-products" target="_self" data-cta-id="3L2_b_3_specialty"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/enhanced_content_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Sell specialty products</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Offer handmade, pre-owned, or customized items</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/programs" target="_self" data-cta-id=""><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>View all programs</strong></div></div></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-panel nav-featured-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3></h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><a class="nav-link" href="https://sell.amazon.com/brand-registry" data-cta-id="3L2_feat_1_br"><div class="nav-link-card"><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/posters/br-feature.webp" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-card-body"><h3>Amazon Brand Registry</h3><small class="nav-link-description">Enroll your brand with Amazon to access a suite of brand-building tools and protection benefits.</small></div></div></a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="accordion-row" aria-selected="false"><div class="accordion-title" data-cta-id="L1_d_resources"><h3>Resources</h3><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M8.0822,10.4582 C8.19314,10.4582 8.30434,10.4361 8.4158,10.3918 C8.52674,10.3476 8.63207,10.2753 8.7318,10.175 L11.7486,7.15823 C11.9267,6.99183 12.0102,6.77796 11.999,6.51663 C11.9878,6.25583 11.8987,6.04196 11.7318,5.87503 C11.543,5.68623 11.3265,5.5945 11.0822,5.59983 C10.8379,5.6057 10.6267,5.69743 10.4486,5.87503 L8.0822,8.25823 L5.699,5.87503 C5.5214,5.69743 5.31314,5.60863 5.0742,5.60863 C4.83527,5.60863 4.6214,5.70303 4.4326,5.89183 C4.25447,6.06943 4.1654,6.28623 4.1654,6.54223 C4.1654,6.7977 4.25447,7.00863 4.4326,7.17503 L7.4326,10.175 C7.53234,10.2753 7.63767,10.3476 7.7486,10.3918 C7.86007,10.4361 7.97127,10.4582 8.0822,10.4582 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg></div><div class="accordion-content"><div><div class="nav-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3>Learning</h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><ul class="nav-column"><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/seller-university" target="_self" data-cta-id="4L2_a_1_lrn_su"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/seller_university_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Seller University</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Learn how to sell with Amazon</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/blog" target="_self" data-cta-id="4L2_a_2_blog"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/reading_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Blog</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Get ecommerce tips and info</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/case-studies" target="_self" data-cta-id="4L2_a_3_case_stud"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/video_clapper_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Case studies</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Read seller success stories</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/blog/announcements" target="_self" data-cta-id="4L2_a_4_announc"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/information_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Announcements</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Stay up date on events and services</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn" target="_self" data-cta-id=""><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>View all resources</strong></div></div></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3>Guides</h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><ul class="nav-column"><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/sell-online" target="_self" data-cta-id="4L2_b_1_sell_onl"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/computer_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>How to sell online</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Get an overview for running an ecommerce business</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/what-is-ecommerce" target="_self" data-cta-id="4L2_b_2_ecomm"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/desktop_shopping_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>What is ecommerce?</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Understand how to launch an online sales channel</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/inventory-management" target="_self" data-cta-id="4L2_b_3_inventory"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/box_hand_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Inventory management best practices</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Discover how to manage and track your inventory</small></div></a></li></ul><ul class="nav-column"><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/what-is-dropshipping" target="_self" data-cta-id="4L2_b_4_dropship"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/box_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>What is dropshipping?</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Find out how to outsource handling and delivery</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/how-to-sell-books" target="_self" data-cta-id="4L2_b_5_books"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/book_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>How to sell books</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Learn how to sell books online</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/build-an-online-store" target="_self" data-cta-id="4L2_b_6_build_store"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/store_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>How to build an online store</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Get tips for setting up an ecommerce storefront</small></div></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-panel nav-featured-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3></h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><a class="nav-link" href="https://sell.amazon.com/quiz?q=1" data-cta-id="4L2_feat_1_explorer"><div class="nav-link-card"><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/posters/business-quiz-feature.webp" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-card-body"><span class="badge"><small><strong>Take the quiz</strong></small></span><h3>Recommendations for your business</h3><small class="nav-link-description">Answer three questions and we’ll suggest the right resources for your business.</small></div></div></a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="accordion-row" aria-selected="false"><div class="accordion-title" data-cta-id="L1_e_fees"><h3>Fees</h3><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M8.0822,10.4582 C8.19314,10.4582 8.30434,10.4361 8.4158,10.3918 C8.52674,10.3476 8.63207,10.2753 8.7318,10.175 L11.7486,7.15823 C11.9267,6.99183 12.0102,6.77796 11.999,6.51663 C11.9878,6.25583 11.8987,6.04196 11.7318,5.87503 C11.543,5.68623 11.3265,5.5945 11.0822,5.59983 C10.8379,5.6057 10.6267,5.69743 10.4486,5.87503 L8.0822,8.25823 L5.699,5.87503 C5.5214,5.69743 5.31314,5.60863 5.0742,5.60863 C4.83527,5.60863 4.6214,5.70303 4.4326,5.89183 C4.25447,6.06943 4.1654,6.28623 4.1654,6.54223 C4.1654,6.7977 4.25447,7.00863 4.4326,7.17503 L7.4326,10.175 C7.53234,10.2753 7.63767,10.3476 7.7486,10.3918 C7.86007,10.4361 7.97127,10.4582 8.0822,10.4582 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg></div><div class="accordion-content"><div><div class="nav-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3>Review fees and costs</h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><ul class="nav-column"><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/pricing" target="_self" data-cta-id="5L2_a_1_std_fees"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/cost_per_click_usd_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Standard selling fees</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Review selling plan and referral fees</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/pricing/optional-costs" target="_self" data-cta-id="5L2_a_2_opt"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/paid_service_usd_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Costs for optional services</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Understand costs for optional Amazon services</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/fulfillment-by-amazon#fba-costs" target="_self" data-cta-id="5L2_a_3_fba"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/box_fast_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Costs for Fulfillment by Amazon (FBA)</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Get a breakdown of costs for this popular program</small></div></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3>Estimate fees and costs</h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><ul class="nav-column"><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/pricing/estimate#products" target="_self" data-cta-id="5L2_b_1_est"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/calculator_usd_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Get an estimate for a product</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Preview selling fees, fulfillment costs, and revenue</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/pricing/estimate#fulfillment" target="_self" data-cta-id="5L2_b_2_comp"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/package_tracking_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Compare estimates by fulfillment method</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Compare FBA with other fulfillment methods</small></div></a></li><li><a class="nav-link " href="https://sell.amazon.com/pricing/estimate#fba" target="_self" data-cta-id="5L2_b_3_inv"><img class="nav-link-icon" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/icon-outlined/shipping_options_outline.svg" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-content"><div class="nav-link-title "><strong>Get an estimate for your FBA inventory</strong></div><small class="nav-link-description">Preview selling fees and costs for your FBA products</small></div></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-panel nav-featured-panel"><div class="nav-panel-title"><h3></h3></div><div class="nav-panel-body"><a class="nav-link" href="https://sell.amazon.com/pricing/estimate#fulfillment" data-cta-id="5L2_feat_1_rev_cal"><div class="nav-link-card"><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/posters/rev-calc-feature.webp" loading="lazy"/><div class="nav-link-card-body"><h3>Revenue Calculator</h3><small class="nav-link-description">Calculate fees and costs for a product, comparing fulfillment methods.</small></div></div></a></div></div></div></div></div></div><ul class="nav-overlay-drawer-footer"><li class="nav-overlay-drawer-trigger" aria-selected="false"><span class="nav-language-picker nav-language-picker-text"><button class="nav-link-button "><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M8.0168,14.7168 C7.09467,14.7168 6.22507,14.5419 5.408,14.192 C4.59147,13.8416 3.87494,13.3611 3.2584,12.7504 C2.64187,12.1392 2.1584,11.4251 1.808,10.608 C1.45814,9.79147 1.2832,8.91654 1.2832,7.9832 C1.2832,7.06107 1.45814,6.1944 1.808,5.3832 C2.1584,4.572 2.64187,3.86107 3.2584,3.2504 C3.87494,2.6392 4.59147,2.1584 5.408,1.808 C6.22507,1.45814 7.09467,1.2832 8.0168,1.2832 C8.95014,1.2832 9.81947,1.45814 10.6248,1.808 C11.4307,2.1584 12.1392,2.6392 12.7504,3.2504 C13.3611,3.86107 13.8416,4.57494 14.192,5.392 C14.5419,6.20854 14.7168,7.07787 14.7168,8 C14.7168,8.92214 14.5419,9.79147 14.192,10.608 C13.8416,11.4251 13.3611,12.1392 12.7504,12.7504 C12.1392,13.3611 11.428,13.8416 10.6168,14.192 C9.8056,14.5419 8.93894,14.7168 8.0168,14.7168 Z M7.2168,13.0168 L7.2168,11.9 C7.0056,11.9 6.82507,11.8251 6.6752,11.6752 C6.5248,11.5248 6.4496,11.3443 6.4496,11.1336 L6.4496,10.3504 L3.0336,6.9336 C2.9888,7.14427 2.95814,7.33307 2.9416,7.5 C2.92507,7.66694 2.9168,7.828 2.9168,7.9832 C2.9168,9.23867 3.3224,10.3469 4.1336,11.308 C4.9448,12.2696 5.97254,12.8392 7.2168,13.0168 Z M11.9168,11.2336 C12.1168,11.0112 12.2891,10.7749 12.4336,10.5248 C12.5776,10.2752 12.6997,10.0115 12.8,9.7336 C12.9003,9.45574 12.9725,9.16667 13.0168,8.8664 C13.0611,8.56667 13.0832,8.27227 13.0832,7.9832 C13.0832,6.9608 12.8053,6.0248 12.2496,5.1752 C11.6944,4.32507 10.9333,3.7 9.9664,3.3 L9.9664,3.6832 C9.9664,4.00534 9.84987,4.28027 9.6168,4.508 C9.3832,4.73574 9.10534,4.8496 8.7832,4.8496 L7.2168,4.8496 L7.2168,5.6336 C7.2168,5.85547 7.14187,6.0416 6.992,6.192 C6.8416,6.34187 6.65547,6.4168 6.4336,6.4168 L5.6496,6.4168 L5.6496,7.9832 L9.5832,7.9832 C9.8056,7.9832 9.99174,8.05814 10.1416,8.208 C10.2915,8.3584 10.3664,8.54454 10.3664,8.7664 L10.3664,10.3168 L11.0336,10.3168 C11.2891,10.3168 11.5029,10.4056 11.6752,10.5832 C11.8475,10.7608 11.928,10.9776 11.9168,11.2336 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg><strong>English</strong></button></span><div class="nav-overlay-drawer"><div><span class="nav-language-picker right-align"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M7.99991,8.85007 L5.26657,11.5834 C5.14435,11.7056 5.00546,11.764 4.84991,11.7584 C4.69435,11.7528 4.55546,11.689 4.43324,11.5667 C4.31102,11.4445 4.24991,11.3028 4.24991,11.1417 C4.24991,10.9806 4.31102,10.839 4.43324,10.7167 L7.14991,8.00007 L4.41657,5.26673 C4.29435,5.14451 4.23602,5.00284 4.24157,4.84173 C4.24713,4.68062 4.31102,4.53895 4.43324,4.41673 C4.55546,4.29451 4.69713,4.2334 4.85824,4.2334 C5.01935,4.2334 5.16102,4.29451 5.28324,4.41673 L7.99991,7.15007 L10.7332,4.41673 C10.8555,4.29451 10.9971,4.2334 11.1582,4.2334 C11.3194,4.2334 11.461,4.29451 11.5832,4.41673 C11.7055,4.53895 11.7666,4.68062 11.7666,4.84173 C11.7666,5.00284 11.7055,5.14451 11.5832,5.26673 L8.84991,8.00007 L11.5832,10.7334 C11.7055,10.8556 11.7666,10.9945 11.7666,11.1501 C11.7666,11.3056 11.7055,11.4445 11.5832,11.5667 C11.461,11.689 11.3194,11.7501 11.1582,11.7501 C10.9971,11.7501 10.8555,11.689 10.7332,11.5667 L7.99991,8.85007 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg></span><h3 class="language-picker-heading">Select your preferred language</h3><ul class="language-popup-list single-col"><li class="language-selector" data-lang="en-US"><a href="?mons_sel_locale=en_US" class="language-picker-language current">English - US</a></li><li class="language-selector" data-lang="es-US"><a href="?mons_sel_locale=es_US" class="language-picker-language ">Español - US</a></li><li class="language-selector" data-lang="zh-CN"><a href="?mons_sel_locale=zh_CN" class="language-picker-language ">中文 - CN</a></li></ul></div></div></li><li><a class="nav-link" href="https://sellercentral.amazon.com/signin?ref_=sdus_soa_gn_sc-login_pn" data-cta-id="li_cta_pn" data-ld-append="SDLI_N_MM" target="_self" data-ld-track="true"><button class="nav-link-button "><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M11.4999,14.7004 C11.9442,14.7004 12.3247,14.5393 12.6415,14.2172 C12.9583,13.8951 13.1167,13.5116 13.1167,13.0668 L13.1167,6.88358 C13.1167,6.43932 12.9583,6.05612 12.6415,5.73398 C12.3247,5.41132 11.9386,5.24998 11.4831,5.24998 L11.3335,5.24998 L11.3335,3.91718 C11.3335,2.98385 11.0111,2.18945 10.3663,1.53398 C9.72203,0.878515 8.93323,0.550781 7.9999,0.550781 C7.06656,0.550781 6.27776,0.878514 5.6335,1.53398 C4.9887,2.18945 4.6663,2.98385 4.6663,3.91718 L4.6663,5.24998 L4.5167,5.24998 C4.06123,5.24998 3.6751,5.41132 3.3583,5.73398 C3.04149,6.05612 2.88309,6.43932 2.88309,6.88358 L2.88309,13.0668 C2.88309,13.5116 3.04149,13.8951 3.35829,14.2172 C3.67509,14.5393 4.06123,14.7004 4.51669,14.7004 L11.4999,14.7004 Z M7.9999,11.1668 C7.66656,11.1668 7.38336,11.0503 7.1503,10.8172 C6.9167,10.5836 6.7999,10.3001 6.7999,9.96678 C6.7999,9.63345 6.9167,9.35025 7.1503,9.11718 C7.38336,8.88358 7.66656,8.76678 7.9999,8.76678 C8.33323,8.76678 8.61643,8.88625 8.8495,9.12518 C9.0831,9.36412 9.1999,9.65025 9.1999,9.98358 C9.1999,10.3057 9.0831,10.5836 8.8495,10.8172 C8.61643,11.0503 8.33323,11.1668 7.9999,11.1668 Z M9.6999,5.24998 L6.2999,5.24998 L6.2999,3.91718 C6.2999,3.43931 6.4639,3.03105 6.7919,2.69238 C7.11936,2.35318 7.52203,2.18358 7.9999,2.18358 C8.47776,2.18358 8.88043,2.35318 9.2079,2.69238 C9.5359,3.03105 9.6999,3.43932 9.6999,3.91718 L9.6999,5.24998 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg><strong>Log in</strong></button></a></li><li><a class="nav-link" href="https://sellercentral.amazon.com/gp/on-board/workflow/Registration/login.html?passthrough%2Faccount=fba_soa&amp;passthrough%2FmarketplaceID=ATVPDKIKX0DER&amp;passthrough%2FsuperSource=OAR&amp;ref_=sdus_soa_sell_rp_n_mm" data-cta-id="rp_cta_n" data-ld-append="SDRP_N_MM" target="_self" data-ld-track="true"><button class="nav-link-button nav-link-primary-button"><strong>Sign up</strong></button></a></li></ul></div></div></li><li><a href="/?ref_=sdus_soa_home_n" data-cta-id="nav_logo"><img class="nav-logo" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/navigation/amazon-logo-squid-menu.svg" loading="lazy"/><img class="nav-logo-transparent" src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/navigation/amazon-logo_white-menu.svg" loading="lazy"/></a></li></ul><ul class="nav-items right-align"><li class="nav-overlay-drawer-trigger" aria-selected="false"><span class="nav-search"><button class="nav-link-button "><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M12.3834,13.7168 L8.817,10.1664 C8.45006,10.4112 8.05566,10.5973 7.6338,10.7248 C7.2114,10.8528 6.76126,10.9168 6.2834,10.9168 C5.01673,10.9168 3.9362,10.4752 3.0418,9.592 C2.1474,8.70827 1.7002,7.63307 1.7002,6.3664 C1.7002,5.09974 2.1474,4.0192 3.0418,3.1248 C3.9362,2.2304 5.01673,1.7832 6.2834,1.7832 C7.56126,1.7832 8.63913,2.2304 9.517,3.1248 C10.3949,4.0192 10.8338,5.09974 10.8338,6.3664 C10.8338,6.84427 10.7754,7.29147 10.6586,7.708 C10.5418,8.12507 10.3501,8.5056 10.0834,8.8496 L13.6666,12.4664 C13.8447,12.6445 13.9309,12.8557 13.925,13.1 C13.9197,13.3443 13.8279,13.5499 13.6498,13.7168 C13.4834,13.8944 13.2751,13.9832 13.025,13.9832 C12.7749,13.9832 12.561,13.8944 12.3834,13.7168 Z M6.2834,9.0832 C7.03913,9.0832 7.68073,8.81947 8.2082,8.292 C8.7362,7.764 9.0002,7.12214 9.0002,6.3664 C9.0002,5.6 8.73913,4.95014 8.217,4.4168 C7.69486,3.88347 7.05033,3.6168 6.2834,3.6168 C5.5282,3.6168 4.881,3.88347 4.3418,4.4168 C3.80313,4.95014 3.5338,5.6 3.5338,6.3664 C3.5338,7.13334 3.80313,7.77787 4.3418,8.3 C4.881,8.82214 5.5282,9.0832 6.2834,9.0832 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg></button></span><div class="nav-overlay-drawer"><div class="mobile-search"><form class="search-form" action="/search" method="get"><div class="search-container"><div class="search-container-input"><input type="search" autoComplete="off" class="search-input" data-autocomplete-label="Try these searches:" name="search" placeholder="Search sell.amazon.com" spellcheck="false"/><i class="search-icon"></i><span class="nav-search"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class=""><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M7.99991,8.85007 L5.26657,11.5834 C5.14435,11.7056 5.00546,11.764 4.84991,11.7584 C4.69435,11.7528 4.55546,11.689 4.43324,11.5667 C4.31102,11.4445 4.24991,11.3028 4.24991,11.1417 C4.24991,10.9806 4.31102,10.839 4.43324,10.7167 L7.14991,8.00007 L4.41657,5.26673 C4.29435,5.14451 4.23602,5.00284 4.24157,4.84173 C4.24713,4.68062 4.31102,4.53895 4.43324,4.41673 C4.55546,4.29451 4.69713,4.2334 4.85824,4.2334 C5.01935,4.2334 5.16102,4.29451 5.28324,4.41673 L7.99991,7.15007 L10.7332,4.41673 C10.8555,4.29451 10.9971,4.2334 11.1582,4.2334 C11.3194,4.2334 11.461,4.29451 11.5832,4.41673 C11.7055,4.53895 11.7666,4.68062 11.7666,4.84173 C11.7666,5.00284 11.7055,5.14451 11.5832,5.26673 L8.84991,8.00007 L11.5832,10.7334 C11.7055,10.8556 11.7666,10.9945 11.7666,11.1501 C11.7666,11.3056 11.7055,11.4445 11.5832,11.5667 C11.461,11.689 11.3194,11.7501 11.1582,11.7501 C10.9971,11.7501 10.8555,11.689 10.7332,11.5667 L7.99991,8.85007 Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></g></svg></span></div><ul class="autocomplete-results"></ul></div><div class="search-suggestions"><span class="suggestions-label">Quick links:</span><ul class="suggestions-list"><li><a class="inline-link" href="/search?search=Selling%20on%20Amazon">Selling on Amazon</a></li><li><a class="inline-link" href="/search?search=Fulfillment%20by%20Amazon">Fulfillment by Amazon</a></li></ul></div></form></div></div></li><li><a class="nav-link" href="https://sellercentral.amazon.com/gp/on-board/workflow/Registration/login.html?passthrough%2Faccount=fba_soa&amp;passthrough%2FmarketplaceID=ATVPDKIKX0DER&amp;passthrough%2FsuperSource=OAR&amp;ref_=sdus_soa_sell_rp_n_mm" data-cta-id="rp_cta_n" data-ld-append="SDRP_N_MM" target="_self" data-ld-track="true"><button class="nav-link-button nav-link-primary-button"><strong>Sign up</strong></button></a></li></ul></div></nav></div></header><div class="content-padding-hidden"></div><script type="text/javascript">;(function() { function searchScript(props){window.P.when("search-autocomplete","A","ready").execute((function(SearchAutocomplete,_ref6){_ref6.$;new SearchAutocomplete(props).bindInput()}))} searchScript({"searchDomain":"","searchResultsPath":"/search"}); })();</script></div></div> <script type="text/javascript">var eVar200 = "SD_US_MM_V2_1017981:T1";</script> </div> <div class="as-body desktop" data-devicetype="desktop"> <div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="background-color-horizon bg-repeat border-color-squid-ink padding-left-xxlarge padding-right-xxlarge padding-top-xxlarge padding-bottom-xxlarge border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-flex-start flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell has-wave" id="" style="width:100%;background-image:url(&#x27;https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/colors/blue50-100.svg&#x27;);background-size:cover;background-position:top left"><div class="has-max-width"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-xxlarge padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:66.66666666666667%"><div class="border-color-snow padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-center flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-snow design-Sell is-fluid is-mobile-row" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="has-max-width"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell hover-scale-down hover-length-fast" id="" style="width:8.333333333333334%"><a class="link-container " href="/"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-granite font-size-medium ember font-normal">Home</div></div></a></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-mini padding-right-mini padding-top-xxmini padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:33.333333333333336%"><div class=" image image-size-fit align-start lazy-loaded"><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/breadcrumb-caret-granite.svg" alt="" title="" data-src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/breadcrumb-caret-granite.svg"/></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell hover-scale-down hover-length-fast" id="" style="width:16.666666666666668%"><a class="link-container " href="/learn"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-granite font-size-medium ember font-normal">Learn</div></div></a></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-mini padding-right-mini padding-top-xxmini padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:16.666666666666668%"><div class=" image image-size-fit align-start lazy-loaded"><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/breadcrumb-caret-granite.svg" alt="" title="" data-src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/breadcrumb-caret-granite.svg"/></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:25%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">Start an ecommerce business</div></div></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-small padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h1 class="heading align-start font-size-xxlarge color-squid-ink-dark ember font-heavy">Start an ecommerce business in 2024: 5 steps and 5 tips for success</h1></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-xxlarge padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:33.333333333333336%"><div class=" image image-size-custom align-center "><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/illustration/LoFi/collection/various-amazon-brand-storefronts-lofi.webp" alt="lo-fi illustration of various amazon brand storefronts" title="lo-fi illustration of various amazon brand storefronts" style="height:400px;width:auto"/></div></div><svg alt="" class="wave-placement-bottom wave-flip" height="278px" preserveAspectRatio="none" role="presentation" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 1440 278" width="1440px" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g id="Sandbox" stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M0,260.670469 C268,291.980818 533.333333,258.847538 796,161.270627 C1058.66667,63.6937169 1273.33333,9.93684108 1440,0 L1440,278 L0,278 L0,260.670469 Z" id="Path-8" fill="#fff" transform="translate(720.000000, 139.000000) scale(-1, 1) translate(-720.000000, -139.000000) "></path></g></svg></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><script type="text/javascript">;(function() { function script(csmMarker){if(window.ue){var uet=window.uet;"function"==typeof uet&&csmMarker&&uet(csmMarker)}} script("af"); })();</script></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-xxlarge padding-right-xxlarge padding-top-zero padding-bottom-xxlarge border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="has-max-width"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-base padding-top-xxlarge padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:25%"><div class="sidecar-widget theme-light "><ul><li class=" "><a href="#top">BACK TO TOP</a></li><li class=" "><a href="#what-is-it">What is an ecommerce business?</a></li><li class="has-children "><a href="#how-to-start">How to start from scratch</a><ul><li class="active-marker"></li><li class=" "><a href="#research">Step 1: Research idea</a></li><li class=" "><a href="#source-products">Step 2: Source products</a></li><li class=" "><a href="#selling-channel">Step 3: Choose an online selling channel</a></li><li class=" "><a href="#list-products">Step 4: List and optimize products</a></li><li class=" "><a href="#market-business">Step 5: Market and promote your business</a></li></ul></li><li class=" "><a href="#5-tips">5 tips for running your online business</a></li><li class=" "><a href="#launch">Launch in Amazon stores</a></li><li class=" "><a href="#more-resources">Helpful resources</a></li><li class=" "><a href="#faq">Frequently Asked Questions</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-xxlarge padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:75%"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-base padding-bottom-xsmall border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="what-is-it" style="width:100%"><h2 class="heading align-start font-size-large color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">What is an ecommerce business?</h2></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-small border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-center flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">An <a href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/what-is-ecommerce">ecommerce business</a> sells products or services to customers over the internet. Ecommerce businesses can range from small, home-based operations to large, multimillion-dollar enterprises. <br/><br/>A successful ecommerce strategy can allow entrepreneurs to reach a broader, global audience with minimal overhead costs because you’re not restricted to a local customer base.<br/><br/>In this guide, we’ll cover:</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><ul class="list "><li class="color-storm font-size-small ember ">How to start an ecommerce business in 5 steps</li><li class="color-storm font-size-small ember ">5 tips for running your online business</li><li class="color-storm font-size-small ember ">How much it costs to start an ecommerce business</li></ul></div><div class="background-color-squid-ink border-color-snow border-radius-16px padding-left-base padding-right-small padding-top-small padding-bottom-small border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-1px flex-container flex-align-items-center flex-align-content-center flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-snow design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-minibase padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:58.333333333333336%"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-mini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h3 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-white ember font-heavy">How Anker grew from a side business into a global brand</h3></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-white font-size-medium ember font-normal">Did you know <a href="https://www.amazon.com/stores/page/D24FDA17-DECF-46BB-AF47-AF4647D2B1F8?initialSessionID=140-1367142-3892166&amp;ld=NSGoogle_googhydr-20&amp;ldStackingCodes=NSGoogle%3ENSGoogle_googhydr-20%3ENSGoogle%3ENSGoogle_googhydr-20%3ENSGoogle">Anker Technologies</a>, the worldwide provider of phone chargers and power banks, started as a small ecommerce business in Amazon stores? Steven Yang and his wife initially ran a dropshipping business that sparked the idea of selling portable charging devices; this became Anker. As sales took off, the couple went full-time with their business. Today, Anker is a global enterprise.</div></div></div><div class="bg-no-repeat border-color-squid-ink border-radius-12px padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-base padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:41.666666666666664%;background-image:url(&#x27;https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/posters/anker_amazon_store_602057862.webp&#x27;);background-size:cover;background-position:center center"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="spacer"></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-small padding-bottom-small border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="spacer"></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-xxlarge padding-bottom-xxlarge border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="spacer"></div></div></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-xxlarge border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="spacer"></div></div><div class="border-color-snow padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-xxlarge padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-1px border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-snow design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="has-max-width"><div class="border-color-snow border-radius-16px padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-snow design-Sell" id="how-to-start" style="width:100%"><div class=" image image-size-fit align-center inherit-container-props "><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/posters/start-business-536708880.webp" alt="photo of a group of colleagues talking" title=""/></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-base padding-bottom-xsmall border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h2 class="heading align-start font-size-xlarge color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">How to start an ecommerce business from scratch in 5 steps</h2></div><div class="border-color-snow padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-snow design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">Dreaming about turning your million-dollar idea into an ecommerce store? You may already be thinking about what type of products you want to sell, who your audience will be, and how you’ll attract customers. <br/><br/>It can be a lot to consider, so let’s look at five basic areas:</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-small padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><ol class="list " start="1"><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Researching and validating your business idea so you know what’s likely to sell</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Procuring products or sourcing them from reliable suppliers</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Choosing selling channels to connect with customers</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Listing products and optimizing content to drive sales</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Marketing and promoting products to attract customers</li></ol></div><div class="border-color-snow border-radius-16px padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-snow design-Sell" id="research" style="width:100%"><div class=" image image-size-fit align-start inherit-container-props "><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/posters/research-536708880.webp" alt="photo of people doing research" title=""/></div></div><div class="border-color-siren padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-base padding-bottom-xsmall border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-siren design-Sell" id="research" style="width:100%"><h3 class="heading align-start font-size-large color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">Step 1: Research and validate your business idea</h3></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">What problem or challenge are you seeking to solve? Who’s going to be most excited about the solution you come up with? <br/><br/>Some ideas—however innovative—can fail if they don’t have customers to support them. As you zero in on <a href="https://sell.amazon.com/blog/product-ideas">product ideas</a>, here are some prompts to help you make decisions</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-small padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><ul class="list "><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">What are the common problems people face in your industry?</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Why are they facing these problems?</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">What products or improved features can you offer to solve these problems?</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">What trends have you noticed in the world that you can capitalize on?</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">What activities do you enjoy? What products would improve those activities?</li></ul></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">Answering these questions can bring you closer to <a href="https://sell.amazon.com/tools/product-opportunity-explorer">finding a product</a> people want to buy.</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-mini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h4 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">Find a way to improve existing products</h4></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">Read customer reviews of similar products to find out where your competitors fall short. Tally the issues and look for patterns. Next, research how much it might cost to solve the issue. <br/><br/>For example, glassware comes in many designs, but families may avoid purchasing glasses out of fear their children will break them. So if you create a line of attractive, shatterproof glasses, it could be lucrative.</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-mini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h4 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">Talk to potential customers about their frustrations</h4></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">What comments or complaints do you hear from friends or family about the products they use? Reach out to a small group of people to understand if they face the problem you’re trying to solve, and find out how they currently deal with this challenge.<br/><br/>Here’s one approach:</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-small padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><ul class="list "><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Offer to buy 5 to 10 people a cup of coffee in exchange for 30 minutes of their time.</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Use your meeting to talk about the challenge and see if the pain point is something they would pay money to solve, or if it doesn’t bother them much.</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Avoid bringing up the product you have in mind, as this may influence the answers you get. Instead, focus on how they feel about the challenge, how they currently deal with it, and whether they would pay to solve the problem. If so, how much would they be willing to pay?</li></ul></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">Asking these questions can help you figure out if there might be an audience for the product.</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-mini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h4 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">Spot opportunities with competitor research</h4></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">Before you open your virtual doors, it’s a good idea to check out the competition. A simple approach to competitor research can involve browsing results in Amazon search for product categories that interest you. Pay attention to the following:</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-small padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><ul class="list "><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Product features and benefits</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Price ranges</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Customer reviews</li></ul></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">The more time you spend validating the product, the better your chances of succeeding in ecommerce.</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-base padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="edu_i_obi" style="width:100%"><div class="align-start"><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/online-business-ideas" class="link link-type-standard-dark">Get inspired by these examples of thriving businesses</a></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-base padding-bottom-xlarge border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="vid_i" style="width:100%"><a class="link-container video-popup-link-container" href="#" data-youtube-id="NN3zv5Vui1E" data-video-title="How a friends&#x27; night out sparked the idea for a new, thriving business"><div class="border-color-snow border-radius-16px padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-1px border-right-1px border-top-1px border-bottom-1px flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-snow design-Sell has-box-shadow box-shadow-light hover-scale-up hover-length-fast" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="background-color-siren bg-no-repeat border-color-squid-ink border-radius-8px padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-xlarge padding-bottom-xlarge border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-center flex-justify-content flex-justify-content-center amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:41.666666666666664%;background-image:url(&#x27;https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/posters/YourSolemates-4x3-Poster.webp&#x27;);background-size:cover;background-position:top center"><div class=" image image-size-custom align-start "><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/posters/YourSolemates-4x3-Poster._CB416186282_.jpg" alt="image of an interview with the owners of Your Solemates brand" title="" style="height:0px;width:auto"/></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-base padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-center flex-align-content-center amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:58.333333333333336%"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-xsmall border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-center flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell is-fluid" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="background-color-horizon bg-no-repeat border-color-squid-ink border-radius-4px padding-left-xmini padding-right-xmini padding-top-xxmini padding-bottom-xxmini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:58.333333333333336%;background-image:url(&#x27;https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/colors/blue-50.svg&#x27;);background-size:cover;background-position:center center"><div class="text align-center color-prime-afternoon font-size-small ember font-bold">Video</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-mini padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:41.666666666666664%"><div class="text align-start color-prime-afternoon font-size-small ember font-bold">1:14</div></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-small padding-top-zero padding-bottom-xmini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h3 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-squid-ink ember font-bold">How a friends’ night out sparked the idea for a new business</h3></div><div class="push-content border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-small padding-top-zero padding-bottom-xsmall border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-small ember font-normal">&quot;I think there&#x27;s nothing more special than putting out something into the world that you&#x27;re proud of.&quot;</div></div><div class="border-color-prime-morning padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-justify-content flex-justify-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-prime-morning design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-squid-ink font-size-small ember font-bold">Saadia Mirza</div></div><div class="border-color-prime-morning padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-center flex-align-content-flex-start flex-justify-content flex-justify-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-prime-morning design-Sell is-fluid" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-xsmall ember font-normal">Chairwoman &amp; Chief Brand Officer, Your Solemates</div></div></div></div></a></div><div class="border-color-siren padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-xsmall border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-siren design-Sell" id="source-products" style="width:100%"><h3 class="heading align-start font-size-large color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">Step 2: Source products</h3></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">Once you’ve figured out what you will sell and who the products will serve, the next step is to find the right source for the products.<br/><br/>Good products will help your new online business thrive. The key is not only choosing the right product, but also the right source for products. Here are a few options for sourcing ecommerce products.</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-mini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h4 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">Resell existing products</h4></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal"><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/blog/reselling">Reselling</a> involves procuring products and reselling them to the end customer for a profit. Online directories and listings can help you find suppliers for products. You can contact vendors, order products, and ship them to your business or storage location. Then, ship them out to customers once the products sell. Finding and building relationships with suppliers can lead to more affordable procurement, and it can help secure a steady supply chain for your business in the future.</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-base padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="edu_i_htfw" style="width:100%"><div class="align-start"><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/blog/how-to-find-wholesalers" class="link link-type-standard-dark" target="_blank">How to find suppliers for your business</a></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-mini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h4 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">Create or build products</h4></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">In contrast to other forms of procurement, making products can give you greater control over quality and design. But this method may also be harder to scale up. Some sellers prefer to create small batches of handmade products to keep operations manageable, then price products at a premium.<br/><br/>If this is the route for you, explore artisanal or custom ecommerce selling options like <a href="https://sell.amazon.com/programs/handmade.html?ref_=sdus_soa_ebiz_hm">Amazon Handmade</a>.</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-mini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h4 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">Use dropshipping or print-on-demand</h4></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal"><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/what-is-dropshipping">Dropshipping</a> is a business model that might be appealing if you don’t want to keep inventory in stock. Instead, when a customer places an order, a third-party supplier ships it directly to the customer. This can allow you to offer a wide variety of products without investing in large amounts of inventory.<br/><br/>Similar to dropshipping, print-on-demand is where you print products like T-shirts or books after a customer places an order. If you offer custom designs or unique products that would be difficult or expensive to produce in bulk, print-on-demand might be a good model for your business.</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-mini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h4 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">Work with a manufacturer</h4></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">Partnering with a manufacturer can take time and resources, but the investment might be worth it if you want to <a href="https://sell.amazon.com/blog/brand-management">build your own brand</a>. The right manufacturer can build prototypes to your specifications. <br/><br/>Locate a few manufacturers and ask for samples. Then narrow it down to two or three and order a small batch to test the manufacturer&#x27;s speed, quality, and communication.<br/><br/>It doesn&#x27;t hurt to have a backup supplier in case something goes wrong. For instance, having a supplier in another country or region can help you avoid going out of stock if there are delays in the supply chain.</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-base padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="edu_i_br" style="width:100%"><div class="align-start"><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/brand-registry" class="link link-type-standard-dark">How to sell branded products in Amazon stores</a></div></div><div class="background-color-diamond border-color-aqua border-radius-16px padding-left-large padding-right-large padding-top-minibase padding-bottom-minibase border-left-8px border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-aqua design-Sell" id="sell-through" style="width:100%"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-center flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell is-fluid" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-mini padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:50%"><h3 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-aqua ember font-heavy">Learn the lingo:</h3></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:50%"><h3 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">B2B ecommerce and B2C ecommerce</h3></div></div><div class="border-color-aqua padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-xmini padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-flex-start flex-align-content-flex-start flex-justify-content flex-justify-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-aqua design-Sell is-fluid" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-granite font-size-medium ember font-normal">Business-to-business (B2B) ecommerce refers to businesses that sell to other businesses, in contrast to business-to-consumer (B2C) ecommerce, where a business sells products to individual customers, sometimes called the end customer.</div></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-base padding-bottom-mini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h4 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">Is Amazon B2B or B2C?</h4></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">It can be both. Individual customers and businesses of all sizes shop for products and place purchases in the Amazon store.</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-base padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="edu_i_ab" style="width:100%"><div class="align-start"><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/programs/amazon-business" class="link link-type-standard-dark">Learn how to reach business customers through Amazon Business</a></div></div><div class="border-color-siren padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-xsmall border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-siren design-Sell" id="selling-channel" style="width:100%"><h3 class="heading align-start font-size-large color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">Step 3: Choose an online selling channel</h3></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">If you’re new to ecommerce, you may want to start small and scale up. Selling on your own website is an option if you have the time, resources, and skills to customize a website, create a seamless online experience, and compete on the internet to get customers to your virtual doorstep.<br/><br/>Other options include starting out on an established ecommerce website like <a href="https://www.amazon.com/">Amazon.com</a>, or selling through social media sites like Facebook, Instagram, or Pinterest. Let’s explore the details of a few different routes.</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-mini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h4 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">Sell on an existing ecommerce website</h4></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">Selling websites with established traffic can help you connect with customers, expanding your visibility and reach. This strategy also gives you a chance to learn about what works for other sellers, get reviews, and generate revenue before investing in your own website.</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-mini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h4 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">Try social selling</h4></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">Social selling is a way for entrepreneurs to share about products and allow customers to buy during a live show. Customers can see the products, ask questions, and get personalized product recommendations in real-time. Social selling can take place on social media or live-streaming destinations like <a href="https://advertising.amazon.com/solutions/products/amazon-live">Amazon Live</a>, an interactive way to build customer relationships</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-small padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:58.333333333333336%"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-mini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h4 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">Create an Amazon storefront</h4></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">The <a href="https://advertising.amazon.com/solutions/products/stores">Amazon Stores builder</a> allows you to customize an immersive, multi-media experience to help customers connect with your brand. In addition to getting a custom URL, you can design a homepage and additional content to let customers explore your brand’s catalog. <br/><br/>Whichever route you choose, keep in mind you can start with one sales channel and add others as you scale. You can also drop a channel if it isn’t serving your needs. One of the perks of operating an ecommerce shop is that you can use a mix of channels.</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-small padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="edu_i_baos" style="width:100%"><div class="align-start"><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/build-an-online-store" class="link link-type-standard-dark">Learn how to create a storefront</a></div></div></div><div class="bg-no-repeat border-color-squid-ink border-radius-12px padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:41.666666666666664%;background-image:url(&#x27;https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/posters/Super-Card-image-A-Content-lightblue.webp&#x27;);background-size:cover;background-position:center 75%"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="spacer"></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="spacer"></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="spacer"></div></div></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="vid_i" style="width:100%"><a class="link-container " href="https://sell.amazon.com/brands/case-studies/hope-and-henry"><div class="border-color-snow border-radius-16px padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-1px border-right-1px border-top-1px border-bottom-1px flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-snow design-Sell has-box-shadow box-shadow-light hover-scale-up hover-length-fast" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="background-color-siren bg-no-repeat border-color-squid-ink border-radius-8px padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-xlarge padding-bottom-xlarge border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-center flex-justify-content flex-justify-content-center amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:41.666666666666664%;background-image:url(&#x27;https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/posters/hope-and-henry-02-sq.webp&#x27;);background-size:cover;background-position:top center"><div class=" image image-size-custom align-start "><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/posters/hope-and-henry-02-sq.webp" alt="man pointing at a computer screen with children&#x27;s clothes from Amazon seller Hope and Henry" title="" style="height:0px;width:auto"/></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-base padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-center flex-align-content-center amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:58.333333333333336%"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-xsmall border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-center flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell is-fluid" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="background-color-snow border-color-squid-ink border-radius-4px padding-left-xmini padding-right-xmini padding-top-xxmini padding-bottom-xxmini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:58.333333333333336%"><div class="text align-center color-granite font-size-small ember font-bold">Case Study</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:41.666666666666664%"><div class="spacer"></div></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-small padding-top-zero padding-bottom-xmini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h3 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-squid-ink ember font-bold">How Hope &amp; Henry grew online</h3></div><div class="push-content border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-small padding-top-zero padding-bottom-xsmall border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-small ember font-normal">&quot;We were able to launch without having a distribution center. We were able to launch without having people dedicated to fulfilling inventory. That’s a big deal.&quot;</div></div><div class="border-color-prime-morning padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-justify-content flex-justify-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-prime-morning design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-squid-ink font-size-small ember font-bold">Matt McCauley</div></div><div class="border-color-prime-morning padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-center flex-align-content-flex-start flex-justify-content flex-justify-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-prime-morning design-Sell is-fluid" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-xsmall ember font-normal">Hope &amp; Henry</div></div></div></div></a></div><div class="border-color-siren padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-siren design-Sell" id="list-products" style="width:100%"><h3 class="heading align-start font-size-large color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">Step 4: List and optimize products</h3></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-mini padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">Once you’ve decided where you’re going to sell your products, it’s time to get your business up and running. Listing products online is a way to help customers around the world connect with what you’re offering. You can manually list products or use systems with templates and spreadsheets to <a href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/inventory-management">manage your inventory</a> in bulk.<br/><br/>The challenge? Helping products stand out from the competition in a sea of offerings. Here are some tips for crafting competitive product listings:</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-small padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><ul class="list "><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Write descriptively and include critical information to help customers make informed decisions.</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Make sure the listing is complete and accurate in order to minimize returns and avoid negative customer feedback.</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Put yourself in the customer’s shoes and think about what words or phrases someone might type into an online search engine to find the product. Then <a href="https://sell.amazon.com/blog/amazon-seo">use search engine optimization (SEO)</a> to weave in keywords.</li></ul></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">If you have a brand with a registered or pending trademark, you can enroll it in <a href="https://sell.amazon.com/blog/what-is-amazon-brand-registry">Amazon Brand Registry</a>, a free program that helps you build and protect your brand. Enrolling in Brand Registry allows you to access tools like A+ Content, which you can use to enhance product listings with videos, lifestyle imagery, and other media.</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-base padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="edu_i_apcdg" style="width:100%"><div class="align-start"><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/blog/a-plus-content-design-guide" class="link link-type-standard-dark">Learn more and drive sales with A+ Content</a></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="vid_i" style="width:100%"><a class="link-container video-popup-link-container" href="#" data-youtube-id="Gta2myh5ZFk" data-video-title="How to optimize an Amazon detail page"><div class="border-color-snow border-radius-16px padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-1px border-right-1px border-top-1px border-bottom-1px flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-snow design-Sell has-box-shadow box-shadow-light hover-scale-up hover-length-fast" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="background-color-siren bg-no-repeat border-color-squid-ink border-radius-8px padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-xlarge padding-bottom-xlarge border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-center flex-justify-content flex-justify-content-center amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:41.666666666666664%;background-image:url(&#x27;https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/posters/How_to_Create_Great_Amazon_Listings.webp&#x27;);background-size:cover;background-position:top center"><div class=" image image-size-custom align-start "><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/posters/ways-to-sell-poster.jpg" alt="illustration of Amazon business owner building shopping page" title="" style="height:0px;width:auto"/></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-base padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-center flex-align-content-center amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:58.333333333333336%"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-xsmall border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-center flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell is-fluid" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="background-color-horizon bg-no-repeat border-color-squid-ink border-radius-4px padding-left-xmini padding-right-xmini padding-top-xxmini padding-bottom-xxmini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:58.333333333333336%;background-image:url(&#x27;https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/colors/blue-50.svg&#x27;);background-size:cover;background-position:center center"><div class="text align-center color-prime-afternoon font-size-small ember font-bold">Video</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-mini padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:41.666666666666664%"><div class="text align-start color-prime-afternoon font-size-small ember font-bold">1:51</div></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-xmini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h3 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-squid-ink ember font-bold">How to optimize an Amazon detail page</h3></div><div class="push-content border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-small ember font-normal">To position a listing to convert sales, include titles, images, bullet points, descriptions, and keywords to construct a page that converts.</div></div></div></div></a></div></div></div><div class="border-color-siren padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-base padding-bottom-mini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-siren design-Sell" id="market-business" style="width:100%"><h3 class="heading align-start font-size-large color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">Step 5: Market and promote your ecommerce shop</h3></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">There’s a wide variety of ways to get products in front of the right eyes, win over customers, and convert them into buyers. Running marketing and promotional campaigns can help you reach a broader audience based on the selling channels you use.<br/><br/>Here’s a brief overview of several options:</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-small padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><ul class="list "><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Use targeted cost-per-click (CPC) ads like <a href="https://sell.amazon.com/advertising/sponsored-products">Sponsored Products</a> or <a href="https://advertising.amazon.com/solutions/products/sponsored-brands">Sponsored Brands</a> (if you’re part of an enrolled brand), to spread the word about specific products.</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Offer special deals, like seasonal sales, lightning deals, and <a href="https://sellercentral.amazon.com/help/hub/reference/external/G3QLEV6W2QK84C57">digital coupons</a>.</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Try social media marketing to tap into active online communities or engage social media influencers.</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Upsell or cross-sell products to show customers an upgrade or an alternative based on the product they viewed.</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Build a blog or email list and send marketing campaigns to grow a loyal audience.</li></ul></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">For more ideas, check out this guide to <a href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/ecommerce-marketing">ecommerce marketing strategies</a>.</div></div><div class="background-color-squid-ink-dark border-color-squid-ink-dark border-radius-16px padding-left-minibase padding-right-minibase padding-top-large padding-bottom-minibase border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink-dark design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-small padding-right-small padding-top-zero padding-bottom-xsmall border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-white font-size-medium ember font-bold">Quiverr</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-small padding-right-small padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h3 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-white bookerly font-normal">&quot;If people can’t find your product, they’re not going to be able to buy your product.&quot;</h3></div><div class="border-color-prime-morning padding-left-small padding-right-small padding-top-small padding-bottom-minibase border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-center flex-align-content-flex-start flex-justify-content flex-justify-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-prime-morning design-Sell is-fluid is-nowrap" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="border-color-siren padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-siren design-Sell" id="" style="width:58.333333333333336%"><div class=" image image-size-custom align-start "><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/headshots/rmulvany-2x.webp" alt="Headshot of Ryan Mulvany" title="" style="height:64px;width:auto"/></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-mini padding-right-zero padding-top-xxmini padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-center flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:41.666666666666664%"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-justify-content flex-justify-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-white font-size-medium ember font-bold">Ryan Mulvany</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-justify-content flex-justify-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell is-fluid" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-snow font-size-xsmall ember font-normal">Founder</div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="border-color-siren padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-base padding-bottom-mini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-siren design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h3 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">Get customer reviews</h3></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">Reviews can be a valuable form of social proof and go a long way in winning the trust of customers. To get positive reviews, focus on improving the customer experience, and consider participating in Amazon Vine to get insights from a community of trusted reviewers. Vine reviews have been shown to boost sales by up to 30%.</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-base padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="edu_i_vine" style="width:100%"><div class="align-start"><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/tools/vine" class="link link-type-standard-dark">Learn more and participate in Amazon Vine</a></div></div><div class="background-color-squid-ink-dark border-color-squid-ink-dark border-radius-16px padding-left-minibase padding-right-minibase padding-top-large padding-bottom-minibase border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink-dark design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-small padding-right-small padding-top-zero padding-bottom-xsmall border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-white font-size-medium ember font-bold">Anker Technology</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-small padding-right-small padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h3 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-white bookerly font-normal">&quot;Amazon product reviews are the single most important input to our new product development process. We make sure our new products start from the need that customers express.&quot;</h3></div><div class="border-color-prime-morning padding-left-small padding-right-small padding-top-small padding-bottom-minibase border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-center flex-align-content-flex-start flex-justify-content flex-justify-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-prime-morning design-Sell is-fluid is-nowrap" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="border-color-siren padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-siren design-Sell" id="" style="width:58.333333333333336%"><div class=" image image-size-custom align-start "><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/headshots/syang-2-2x.webp" alt="Headshot of Steven Yang" title="" style="height:64px;width:auto"/></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-mini padding-right-zero padding-top-xxmini padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-center flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:41.666666666666664%"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-justify-content flex-justify-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-white font-size-medium ember font-bold">Steven Yang</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-justify-content flex-justify-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell is-fluid" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-snow font-size-xsmall ember font-normal">Founder and CEO</div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="border-color-snow padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-xxlarge border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-1px flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-snow design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="spacer"></div></div><div class="border-color-snow padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-xxlarge padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-snow design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="border-color-snow border-radius-16px padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-snow design-Sell" id="5-tips" style="width:100%"><div class=" image image-size-fit align-start inherit-container-props lazy-loaded"><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/posters/seller-581784080.webp" alt="Woman on computer" title="" data-src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/posters/seller-581784080.webp"/></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-base padding-bottom-xsmall border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h2 class="heading align-start font-size-xlarge color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">5 tips for running your online business</h2></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-mini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h3 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">1. Avoid common pitfalls when choosing products</h3></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">When <a href="https://sell.amazon.com/blog/product-ideas">picking a product to sell</a>, there are a few key considerations you want to keep in mind. <br/><br/>Products might be good candidates for ecommerce if they:</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-small padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><ul class="list "><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Are easy to package and ship</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Have branding potential</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Are affordable for customers</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Have a long shelf life</li></ul></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">Products that may be difficult for a new entrepreneur to sell are:</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-small padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><ul class="list "><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Food and perishables</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Products with a low profit margin</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Heavy or bulky items, or products that are expensive to ship</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Highly competitive products (check the amount of customer reviews)</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Complex items or electronic products</li></ul></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">Products to avoid are:</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-small padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><ul class="list "><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Patented or trademarked products (unless you own the patent/trademark or are certified as a reseller)</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Restricted products</li></ul></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">Depending on where you want to sell products and the selling channels you use, there may be restrictions on the types of products you can sell. If you’re planning to sell in the Amazon store, check the <a href="https://sellercentral.amazon.com/gp/help/external/200164330?ref_=sdus_soa_ebiz_xscus_help&amp;initialSessionID=140-1367142-3892166&amp;ld=NSGoogle_googhydr-20&amp;ldStackingCodes=NSGoogle%3ENSGoogle_googhydr-20%3ENSGoogle%3ENSGoogle_googhydr-20%3ENSGoogle">restricted products list</a> before you start buying inventory.</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-mini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h3 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">2. Invest in your brand image</h3></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">To brand or not to brand? It’s a common question among first-time sellers. At the beginning, you might not create a brand because you’re still testing product ideas. But once you find traction with products in a niche you enjoy, consider creating and registering your brand.<br/><br/><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/blog/brand-management">Building a brand</a> can take investment, but it’s a great way to create a memorable impression and win repeat customers. A simple and cost-effective form of branding? Your business name. Be sure to choose something memorable and simple for customers to type and recall. Get inspiration by looking at other brands in your industry and brainstorm original business names.<br/><br/>Amazon simplifies the process through <a href="https://sell.amazon.com/brand-registry">Brand Registry</a>, which gives you access to a suite of brand management tools and programs. If you don’t have a trademark and would like to file one, <a href="https://sell.amazon.com/programs/ip-accelerator">IP Accelerator</a> can help speed up the process with access to IP legal service providers and application assistance.</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-mini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h3 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">3. Create a plan for ecommerce fulfillment</h3></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">When you start building your online business, consider how you’ll store, ship, and handle returns for products. <br/><br/>It’s key to find an accessible and cost-effective space to store and ship products. Some sellers use a place in their home like a garage or spare room. As your business grows, you may consider using third-party solutions to take care of fulfillment processes on your behalf.<br/><br/>Learn more about your options in <a href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/ecommerce-fulfillment">this guide to ecommerce fulfillment</a>.</div></div><div class="background-color-squid-ink-dark border-color-siren border-radius-16px padding-left-large padding-right-large padding-top-minibase padding-bottom-minibase border-left-8px border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-siren design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-center flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell is-fluid" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-mini padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:50%"><div class=" image image-size-original align-start "><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/icons/icon-question-mark.svg" alt="" title=""/></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:50%"><h3 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-siren ember font-heavy">Did you know?</h3></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-xsmall padding-bottom-xsmall border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h3 class="heading align-start font-size-large color-white ember font-heavy">You can store and ship products through Fulfillment by Amazon (FBA)</h3></div><div class="border-color-aqua padding-left-zero padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-flex-start flex-align-content-flex-start flex-justify-content flex-justify-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-aqua design-Sell is-fluid" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-snow font-size-small ember font-normal">With FBA, you ship products into Amazon’s fulfillment network. When a customer places an order, we pick, pack, and ship on your behalf, in addition to handling customer service and returns. As part of Supply Chain by Amazon, FBA can help you save time, reduce operational costs, and grow your business.</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-base padding-top-small padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="edu_i_fba" style="width:100%"><div class="align-start"><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/fulfillment-by-amazon" class="link link-type-standard-light">Learn more about FBA</a></div></div></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-mini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h3 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">4. Optimize user experience with A/B testing</h3></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">What will appeal to customers? What titles or descriptions will catch the most attention? A/B testing allows you to try out different value propositions and offers to find the best combination for your products. <br/><br/>If you’re part of a brand enrolled in Brand Registry, Amazon&#x27;s <a href="https://sell.amazon.com/tools/manage-your-experiments">Manage Your Experiments</a> tools allows you to run A/B tests to find out what content drives the most sales. Then you can make data-driven decisions about product titles, images, and other forms of content based on what resonates most with customers.</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-mini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h3 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">5. Track business performance with ecommerce analytics</h3></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">You can use a range of analytics tools to get insight into how people engage with your brand and products. <br/><br/>Want to know who&#x27;s viewing your products? Review demographics. Curious about how people find the products you offer? Look up the top search terms they use.<br/><br/>Get this kind of data to grow your business with <a href="https://sell.amazon.com/blog/brand-analytics">Amazon Brand Analytics</a>, a source for aggregated customer search and purchasing data. It contains multiple dashboards that brands enrolled in Brand Registry can use to explore:</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-small padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><ul class="list "><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Key metrics like impressions, clicks, cart adds, and conversion rates</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Repeat ordered product sales and units, as well as the number of repeat customers</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Aggregate customer demographics like age and income</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Top search terms customers use to find your products</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Products customers frequently purchase together</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Different customer loyalty segments and how you may want engage them to help increase sales</li></ul></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-mini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h3 class="heading align-start font-size-small color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">Why start an ecommerce business in 2024?</h3></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">Ecommerce is thriving—and it’s not too late to be part of it. More than 60% of sales in the Amazon store come from independent sellers—most of which are small- and medium-sized businesses. In 2022, US-based sellers sold more than 4.1 billion products to customers worldwide, and averaged more than $230,000 in sales.<br/><br/>You can pursue selling products online as a full-time career or a side gig if you want to:</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-small padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><ul class="list "><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Earn money passively</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Set your own hours and be your own boss</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Work from anywhere with an internet connection</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Have the potential to grow fast as more people shop online</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Expand into other products or categories to scale revenue and profits</li></ul></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">Selling websites like Amazon are here to support your growth with <a href="https://sell.amazon.com/blog/ecommerce-automation">solutions for ecommerce automation</a> and more.</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-mini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h3 class="heading align-start font-size-small color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">How much does it cost to start an ecommerce business?</h3></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">The cost can vary greatly depending on factors like the type of business and the products you sell. Some common costs associated with starting an ecommerce business include:</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-small padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><ul class="list "><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Website hosting and maintenance</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Payment processing fees</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Shopping cart software</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Inventory, fulfillment, and shipping</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember ">Advertising and marketing</li></ul></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-xxlarge border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">You can sometimes reduce or eliminate costs like these by creating an ecommerce storefront on an established selling website and making the most of the tools, programs, and services they offer. <br/><br/>If you want to sell in the Amazon store, you can choose between <a href="https://sell.amazon.com/pricing#selling-plans">selling plans</a>. The Individual selling plan is $0.99 per product sold plus applicable selling fees, while the Professional selling plan is $39.99 per month plus applicable selling fees to sell unlimited products. You can also take advantage of optional resources like FBA, which have additional costs.<br/><br/>To compare costs and fees for different scenarios and estimate your margins, try these <a href="https://sell.amazon.com/blog/amazon-sales-estimator">sales calculators</a>.</div></div><div class="border-color-snow padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-xxlarge padding-bottom-xxlarge border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-1px border-bottom-1px flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-snow design-Sell" id="launch" style="width:100%"><div class="border-color-snow border-radius-16px padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-snow design-Sell" id="launch" style="width:100%"><div class=" image image-size-fit align-center inherit-container-props "><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/posters/aromatica-amazon-store-533294432.webp" alt="Amazon storefront page of brand: Aromatica" title=""/></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-base padding-bottom-xsmall border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h2 class="heading align-start font-size-xlarge color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">Launch an ecommerce business in Amazon stores</h2></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-mini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h3 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">Starting an ecommerce business can feel overwhelming. It doesn’t have to be.</h3></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">In addition to a variety of <a href="https://sell.amazon.com/grow">incentives for new sellers</a>, benefits of launching an Amazon storefront can include:</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-small padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><ul class="list "><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember "><strong>Speed and efficiency</strong>: Get a store up and running using Amazon resources for sellers.</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember "><strong>Scalability and reach</strong>: Focus on selling great products and lean on Amazon’s infrastructure and optional programs to help your business grow.</li><li class="color-storm font-size-medium ember "><strong>Awareness and trust</strong>: In 2022, Amazon was ranked the <a href="https://clarifycapital.com/most-trusted-businesses">most trusted brand by US customers</a>. Start selling in a store that customers already know.</li></ul></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">When you launch in the Amazon store, you’re not alone. You join a community of sellers and customers and gain access to support to help you learn how to succeed in <a href="https://sell.amazon.com/sell-online">online selling</a>. <br/><br/>Sign up for a selling plan to get started with a Seller Central account and tap into the <a href="https://sell.amazon.com/tools/service-provider-network">Service Provider Network</a>, a source for experts and specialists who can assist with daily operations, scaling, and more.</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-minibase padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="vid_i" style="width:100%"><a class="link-container video-popup-link-container" href="#" data-youtube-id="y4icIWo5ciY" data-video-title="Sell in the Amazon store: 5-minute overview for beginners"><div class="border-color-snow border-radius-16px padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-1px border-right-1px border-top-1px border-bottom-1px flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-snow design-Sell has-box-shadow box-shadow-light hover-scale-up hover-length-fast" id="flywheel" style="width:100%"><div class="background-color-siren bg-no-repeat border-color-squid-ink border-radius-8px padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-xlarge padding-bottom-xlarge border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-center flex-justify-content flex-justify-content-center amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:41.666666666666664%;background-image:url(&#x27;https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/posters/Amazon_b2b_central_overview_Thumbnail.webp&#x27;);background-size:cover;background-position:top center"><div class=" image image-size-custom align-start "><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/sandbox/Amazon_Flywheel.jpg" alt="illustration of Jeff Bezos writing on a napkin" title="" style="height:0px;width:auto"/></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-base padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-center flex-align-content-center amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:58.333333333333336%"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-xsmall border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-center flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell is-fluid" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="background-color-horizon bg-no-repeat border-color-squid-ink border-radius-4px padding-left-xmini padding-right-xmini padding-top-xxmini padding-bottom-xxmini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:58.333333333333336%;background-image:url(&#x27;https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/colors/blue-50.svg&#x27;);background-size:cover;background-position:center center"><div class="text align-center color-prime-afternoon font-size-small ember font-bold">Video</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-mini padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:41.666666666666664%"><div class="text align-start color-prime-afternoon font-size-small ember font-bold">5:36</div></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-small padding-top-zero padding-bottom-xmini border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h3 class="heading align-start font-size-medium color-squid-ink ember font-bold">5-minute overview for beginners</h3></div><div class="push-content border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-small padding-top-zero padding-bottom-xsmall border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-small ember font-normal">New to Amazon selling? Watch our 5-minute overview to get an intro to account creation, product listing, order fulfillment, and payments.</div></div></div></div></a></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="edu_i_sell" style="width:100%"><div class="align-start"><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/sell" class="link link-type-standard-dark">Learn how to sell in the Amazon store</a></div></div></div><div class="border-color-snow border-radius-16px padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-xxlarge padding-bottom-xxlarge border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-1px border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-snow design-Sell" id="more-resources" style="width:100%"><div class="has-max-width"><div class="background-color-horizon bg-no-repeat border-color-squid-ink border-radius-16px padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-base padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%;background-image:url(&#x27;https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/colors/aqua-50.svg&#x27;);background-size:cover;background-position:center center"><div class="has-max-width"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-mini padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h3 class="heading align-center font-size-large color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">Helpful resources</h3></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-xsmall padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-center color-granite font-size-medium ember font-normal">Whether you’re looking to start a new brand, expand an existing brick-and-mortar business, or increase ecommerce sales, here are some resources to help support your path to success.</div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="has-max-width"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:50%"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="edu_pf_so" style="width:100%"><div class="align-start"><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/sell-online" class="link link-type-standard-dark">How to sell online</a></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-xsmall padding-bottom-xsmall border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="edu_pf_pi" style="width:100%"><div class="align-start"><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/blog/product-ideas" class="link link-type-standard-dark">Find profitable product ideas</a></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="edu_pf_htfw" style="width:100%"><div class="align-start"><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/blog/how-to-find-wholesalers" class="link link-type-standard-dark">Source products</a></div></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:50%"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="edu_pf_baos" style="width:100%"><div class="align-start"><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/build-an-online-store" class="link link-type-standard-dark">Build an online store</a></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-xsmall padding-bottom-xsmall border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="edu_pf_ef" style="width:100%"><div class="align-start"><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/ecommerce-fulfillment" class="link link-type-standard-dark">Fulfill orders</a></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="edu_pf_br" style="width:100%"><div class="align-start"><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/brand-registry" class="link link-type-standard-dark">Manage your brand</a></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="border-color-snow padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-base padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-1px border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-snow design-Sell" id="faq" style="width:100%"><h2 class="heading align-start font-size-xlarge color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">Frequently Asked Questions: Ecommerce business</h2></div><div class="border-color-cumulus padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-cumulus design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div itemscope="" itemProp="mainEntity" itemType="https://schema.org/Question" class="accordion accordion-border-top accordion-type-light" data-is-faq="true"><div itemProp="name" class="title align-start">Is it too late to start an ecommerce business?</div><div itemscope="" itemProp="acceptedAnswer" itemType="https://schema.org/Answer" class="content"><div itemProp="text"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-xxlarge padding-top-zero padding-bottom-small border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">Not at all. In 2022, brand owners’ sales grew more than 20% in the Amazon store compared to the previous year. You can test the waters with an Amazon storefront, find out if your product idea has potential, interact with customers, and adjust your offers to <a href="https://sell.amazon.com/blog/make-money-on-amazon">make more money</a>.</div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="border-color-cumulus padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-cumulus design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div itemscope="" itemProp="mainEntity" itemType="https://schema.org/Question" class="accordion accordion-type-light" data-is-faq="true"><div itemProp="name" class="title align-start">How profitable is ecommerce?</div><div itemscope="" itemProp="acceptedAnswer" itemType="https://schema.org/Answer" class="content"><div itemProp="text"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-xxlarge padding-top-zero padding-bottom-small border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">Ecommerce can be very profitable, either as the sole focus of your business or as an additional selling channel. In 2022, US-based sellers sold more than 4.1 billion products to customers worldwide, and <a href="https://sell.amazon.com/blog/amazon-stats">averaged more than $230,000 in sales</a>.</div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="border-color-cumulus padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-cumulus design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div itemscope="" itemProp="mainEntity" itemType="https://schema.org/Question" class="accordion accordion-type-light" data-is-faq="true"><div itemProp="name" class="title align-start">What are common ecommerce business models?</div><div itemscope="" itemProp="acceptedAnswer" itemType="https://schema.org/Answer" class="content"><div itemProp="text"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-xxlarge padding-top-zero padding-bottom-small border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">Two common ecommerce business models are business-to-business (B2B) and business-to-consumer (B2C). B2B sellers focus on selling products other businesses may need, while B2C focuses on selling products to customers (or the end customer).</div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="border-color-cumulus padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-cumulus design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div itemscope="" itemProp="mainEntity" itemType="https://schema.org/Question" class="accordion accordion-type-light" data-is-faq="true"><div itemProp="name" class="title align-start">What is B2B ecommerce?</div><div itemscope="" itemProp="acceptedAnswer" itemType="https://schema.org/Answer" class="content"><div itemProp="text"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-xxlarge padding-top-zero padding-bottom-small border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">B2B sellers focus on selling products other businesses may need. Examples of B2B ecommerce include wholesale supply, office or industrial equipment, and information technology or software providers. B2B ecommerce can also take the form of business consulting. Learn about <a href="https://sell.amazon.com/programs/amazon-business">bulk buying and selling</a>.</div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="border-color-cumulus padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-cumulus design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div itemscope="" itemProp="mainEntity" itemType="https://schema.org/Question" class="accordion accordion-type-light" data-is-faq="true"><div itemProp="name" class="title align-start">What is B2C ecommerce?</div><div itemscope="" itemProp="acceptedAnswer" itemType="https://schema.org/Answer" class="content"><div itemProp="text"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-xxlarge padding-top-zero padding-bottom-small border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">B2C sellers focus on selling products to the end customer. Examples of B2C ecommerce include clothing retailers, electronics shops, home good stores, grocers, and health or beauty specialists. With this model, you might <a href="https://sell.amazon.com/blog/how-to-find-wholesalers">source products from suppliers</a>, then sell them individually.</div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="border-color-cumulus padding-left-base padding-right-base padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-cumulus design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div itemscope="" itemProp="mainEntity" itemType="https://schema.org/Question" class="accordion accordion-type-light" data-is-faq="true"><div itemProp="name" class="title align-start">How much does it cost to start an ecommerce business on Amazon?</div><div itemscope="" itemProp="acceptedAnswer" itemType="https://schema.org/Answer" class="content"><div itemProp="text"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-xxlarge padding-top-zero padding-bottom-small border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-storm font-size-medium ember font-normal">We offer <a href="https://sell.amazon.com/pricing#selling-plans">two selling plans</a> so you can choose the right package of tools and services for the right price. The Individual selling plan costs $0.99 per sale and can be a great option if you plan to sell less than 40 items per month. The Professional selling plan costs $39.99 per month, no matter how many items you sell, and offers a suite of tools and programs to manage and grow your business.</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-xxlarge padding-right-xxlarge padding-top-xxlarge padding-bottom-xxlarge border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="has-max-width"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="spacer"></div></div><div class="border-color-snow border-radius-16px padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-1px border-right-1px border-top-1px border-bottom-1px flex-container flex-align-items-center flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-snow design-Sell has-box-shadow box-shadow-light snippet-right-left-article" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-xxlarge padding-right-xxlarge padding-top-base padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:50%"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><h2 class="heading align-center font-size-xxlarge color-squid-ink ember font-heavy">Start selling today</h2></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="rp_cta_pf" style="width:100%"><div class="align-center"><a href="https://sellercentral.amazon.com/gp/on-board/workflow/Registration/login.html?passthrough%2Faccount=fba_soa&amp;passthrough%2FmarketplaceID=ATVPDKIKX0DER&amp;passthrough%2FsuperSource=OAR&amp;ref_=sdus_blog_seb_rp_pf" class="link button button-type-primary font-size-xlarge button-focus-default" data-ld-append="SDRP_EBIZ_F">Sign up</a></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-xmini padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-center color-storm font-size-xsmall ember font-normal">$39.99 a month + selling fees</div></div></div><div class="bg-no-repeat border-color-squid-ink border-radius-12px padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-base padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:50%;background-image:url(&#x27;https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/posters/business-meeting_105334246-1280.webp&#x27;);background-size:cover;background-position:center center"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-xxlarge padding-bottom-xxlarge border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="spacer"></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-base padding-bottom-base border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="spacer"></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-xxlarge padding-bottom-xxlarge border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="spacer"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div></div><div class="background-color-squid-ink-dark border-color-snow padding-left-xxlarge padding-right-xxlarge padding-top-xsmall padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-center flex-align-content-flex-start flex-justify-content flex-justify-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-snow design-Sell is-fluid is-mobile-row" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="has-max-width"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-mini padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:16.666666666666668%"><a class="link-container " href="/" aria-label="Home"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-snow font-size-small ember font-normal">Home</div></div></a></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-xxmini padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:25%"><div class=" image image-size-fit align-start lazy-loaded"><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/icon-breadcrumb-cumulus.svg" alt="" title="" data-src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/icon-breadcrumb-cumulus.svg"/></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-mini padding-right-mini padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:16.666666666666668%"><a class="link-container " href="/learn" aria-label="Programs"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-snow font-size-small ember font-normal">Learn</div></div></a></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-xxmini padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:25%"><div class=" image image-size-fit align-start lazy-loaded"><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/icon-breadcrumb-cumulus.svg" alt="" title="" data-src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/images/icon-breadcrumb-cumulus.svg"/></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-mini padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:16.666666666666668%"><a class="link-container " href="#top" aria-label="Start an ecommerce business"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="text align-start color-cumulus font-size-small ember font-normal">Start an ecommerce business</div></div></a></div></div></div></div> <div><div id="omniture-details" data-page-e-var4="en-US" data-page-e-var1="SOA" data-page-e-var34="1" data-page-e-var75="" data-page-page-name="US:SD:SOA-learn-start" data-page-page-type="Information" data-page-prop1="SOA" data-page-prop34="1" data-page-prop75=""></div><script type="text/javascript">var s_account = "amznsrvsglobalprod,amznsrvsmainprod,amznsrvsprod,amznsrvsglobalprodbotfilter";</script><script src="https://d3216uwaav9lg7.cloudfront.net/staticAsset-AMSG2018-s-code-2.27.0.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/amazonservices/leadcode.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script></div> <div><script type="text/javascript">var navigationStyle = "normal";</script></div> </div> <div class="as-body desktop" data-devicetype="desktop"> <div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="seller-services-footer-hmd border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="background-color-squid-ink-dark border-color-squid-ink padding-left-xxlarge padding-right-xxlarge padding-top-mini padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="has-max-width"><nav class="nav-type-footer nav-style-dark "><section class="nav-footer-top"><article class="nav-footer-breadcrumbs"></article><article class="nav-footer-button-wrap"><button class="link popup-link button button-type-secondary-light button-type-language" data-popup-id="footer-nav-language-picker-popup">English</button><button class="country-picker country-picker-style-undefined button-type-country button-type-secondary-undefined country-US link popup-link button button-type-secondary-light" data-popup-id="footer-nav-country-picker-popup">United States</button><div class="popup-layover hide" id="footer-nav-country-picker-popup"><div class="popup"><div class="popup-close-container"><a class="hide close-popup" data-popup-id="footer-nav-country-picker-popup" aria-label="Close country popup">✕</a></div><div class="popup-container max-width-800px"><h3 class="country-picker-heading">Explore selling on Amazon around the world</h3><ul class="country-popup-list"><li><a href="https://sell.amazon.com.au" class="country-picker-country country-AU">Australia</a></li><li><a href="https://sell.amazon.com.be" class="country-picker-country country-BE">Belgium</a></li><li><a href="https://venda.amazon.com.br" class="country-picker-country country-BR">Brazil</a></li><li><a href="https://sell.amazon.ca" class="country-picker-country country-CA">Canada</a></li><li><a href="https://gs.amazon.cn" class="country-picker-country country-CN">China</a></li><li><a href="https://sell.amazon.fr" class="country-picker-country country-FR">France</a></li><li><a href="https://sell.amazon.de" class="country-picker-country country-DE">Germany</a></li><li><a href="https://sell.amazon.in" class="country-picker-country country-IN">India</a></li><li><a href="https://sellercentral.amazon.ie/welcome" class="country-picker-country country-IE">Ireland</a></li><li><a href="https://sell.amazon.it" class="country-picker-country country-IT">Italy</a></li><li><a href="https://sell.amazon.co.jp" class="country-picker-country country-JP">Japan</a></li><li><a href="https://sell.amazon.co.kr" class="country-picker-country country-KR">Korea</a></li><li><a href="https://vender.amazon.com.mx" class="country-picker-country country-MX">Mexico</a></li><li><a href="https://sell.amazon.nl" class="country-picker-country country-NL">Netherlands</a></li><li><a href="https://sell.amazon.pl" class="country-picker-country country-PL">Poland</a></li><li><a href="https://sell.amazon.sa" class="country-picker-country country-SA">Saudi Arabia</a></li><li><a href="https://sell.amazon.com.sg" class="country-picker-country country-SG">Singapore</a></li><li><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/global-selling/south-africa" class="country-picker-country country-ZA">South Africa</a></li><li><a href="https://sell.amazon.es" class="country-picker-country country-ES">Spain</a></li><li><a href="https://sell.amazon.se" class="country-picker-country country-SE">Sweden</a></li><li><a href="https://gs.amazon.com.tw" class="country-picker-country country-TW">Taiwan</a></li><li><a href="https://sell.amazon.co.th" class="country-picker-country country-TH">Thailand</a></li><li><a href="https://satis.amazon.com.tr" class="country-picker-country country-TR">Turkey</a></li><li><a href="https://sell.amazon.ae" class="country-picker-country country-AE">United Arab Emirates</a></li><li><a href="https://sell.amazon.co.uk" class="country-picker-country country-UK">United Kingdom</a></li><li><a href="https://sell.amazon.com" class="country-picker-country current country-US">United States</a></li><li><a href="https://sell.amazon.vn" class="country-picker-country country-VN">Vietnam</a></li></ul><p class="country-picker-footnote">Amazon operates stores worldwide, allowing you to grow your business internationally regardless of where you’re located.</p></div></div></div><button class="link popup-link button button-type-secondary-light button-type-hmd" data-popup-id="hmd-picker-popup">Feedback</button></article></section><section class="nav-footer-wrap"><ul><li class="has-children "><a>Sell with Amazon</a><ul><li class=" "><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/sell-online">Sell online</a></li><li class=" "><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/sell">How to sell on Amazon</a></li><li class=" "><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/pricing">How much does it cost?</a></li><li class=" "><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/inventory-management">Inventory management</a></li><li class=" "><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/what-is-dropshipping">What is dropshipping</a></li><li class=" "><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/how-to-sell-books">Sell books online</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-children "><a>Selling Programs</a><ul><li class=" "><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/fulfillment-by-amazon">Fulfillment by Amazon</a></li><li class=" "><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/advertising">Amazon Advertising</a></li><li class=" "><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/global-selling">Global selling</a></li><li class=" "><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/programs/amazon-business">Amazon Business</a></li><li class=" "><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/programs/black-business-accelerator">Black Business Accelerator</a></li><li class=" "><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/programs">More programs</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-children "><a>Amazon for Brands</a><ul><li class=" "><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/build-an-online-store">Online store builder</a></li><li class=" "><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/blog/what-is-amazon-brand-registry">Amazon Brand Registry</a></li><li class=" "><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/blog/brand-management">Brand management</a></li><li class=" "><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/tools/customer-reviews">Product reviews</a></li><li class=" "><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/tools/amazon-brand-analytics">Customer Behavior Analytics</a></li><li class=" "><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/tools/a-content">A+ Content</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-children "><a>Resources</a><ul><li class=" "><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/blog">Selling Partner Blog</a></li><li class=" "><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/seller-university">Seller University</a></li><li class=" "><a href="https://sellercentral.amazon.com/help/hub/reference/external/">Seller Central Help</a></li><li class=" "><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/events">Accelerate Seller Event</a></li><li class=" "><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/learn/faq">Seller FAQs</a></li><li class=" "><a href="https://www.amazon.com/make-money-with-amazon/b?ie=UTF8&amp;node=13605942011">More ways to make money</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-children "><a>Tools</a><ul><li class=" "><a href="https://sellercentral.amazon.com/gp/homepage.html?ref_=sdus_soa_xscus_login_f">Login to your seller account</a></li><li class=" "><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/tools/amazon-seller-app">Amazon Seller App</a></li><li class=" "><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/tools/seller-central">Seller Central</a></li><li class=" "><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/tools/selling-partner-appstore">Selling Partner Appstore</a></li><li class=" "><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/tools/product-opportunity-explorer">Find products to sell</a></li><li class=" "><a href="https://sell.amazon.com/fulfillment-by-amazon#rev-calculator">Revenue calculator</a></li></ul></li></ul></section></nav><div class="popup-layover hide" data-is-sc="false" id="hmd-picker-popup"><div class="popup"><div class="popup-close-container"><a class="hide close-popup" data-popup-id="hmd-picker-popup" aria-label="Close feedback popup">✕</a></div><div class="popup-container" id="hmd-main-popup"><div class="hmd-title">Rate this page</div><form id="hmd-survey-form"><div class="ratings-title">Rate your experience with this page</div><div class="ratings-container"><fieldset class="ratings-fieldset"><input type="radio" id="rate_5" name="starLevel" value="5" class="hmd-radio"/><label for="rate_5"></label><input type="radio" id="rate_4" name="starLevel" value="4" class="hmd-radio"/><label for="rate_4"></label><input type="radio" id="rate_3" name="starLevel" value="3" class="hmd-radio"/><label for="rate_3"></label><input type="radio" id="rate_2" name="starLevel" value="2" class="hmd-radio"/><label for="rate_2"></label><input type="radio" id="rate_1" name="starLevel" value="1" class="hmd-radio"/><label for="rate_1" class="rate_1"></label></fieldset></div><div class="feedback-type-title">Feedback subject</div><div class="feedback-type-container"><select class="select-hidden" name="feedback" id="hmd-select"><option disabled="" selected=""></option><option value="suggestion">Suggestion</option><option value="compliment">Compliment</option><option value="website_content">Website content</option><option value="technical_issue">Technical issue</option><option value="other">Other</option></select><div id="select-div" class="select-styled">Select subject</div><ul class="select-options"><li rel="suggestion">Suggestion</li><li rel="compliment">Compliment</li><li rel="website_content">Website content</li><li rel="technical_issue">Technical issue</li><li rel="other">Other</li></ul></div><div class="hmd-comment-title">Please tell us the reason for your rating</div><div class="hmd-comment-container form-input"><textarea class="hmd-textarea" content="" id="hmd-textarea" maxLength="500" name="comment" placeholder="Enter feedback here" spellcheck="false"></textarea></div><div class="hmd-characters-remaining-container"><span class="hmd-comment-remaining-number">500</span><span class="hmd-comment-remaining-content">characters remaining</span></div><div class="hmd-privacy-and-submit-container"><div id="hmd-privacy" class="hmd-privacy"><label class="hmd-tool-tip-label"><span class="tooltip"><i class="tooltip-icon">Privacy statement</i><span class="tooltip-text">Personal or sensitive data are not necessary to complete this survey and should not be provided. By submitting my feedback, I represent and warrant that no personal or sensitive data(e.g., names, addresses, telephone numbers or e-mail addresses) have been included in my responses.</span></span></label></div><button class="form-button link hmd-submit-button" disabled="" id="submit-button" type="submit">Submit</button></div></form></div><div class="hmd-feedback-message"><div class="thank-you-image-div"><label class="thank-you-image"></label></div><div class=" thank-you-title">Thanks for the feedback!</div><div class=" thank-you-message">Your feedback helps us continually improve our website experience.</div></div></div></div><div class="popup-layover hide" id="footer-nav-language-picker-popup"><div class="popup"><div class="popup-close-container"><a class="hide close-popup" data-popup-id="footer-nav-language-picker-popup" aria-label="Close language popup">✕</a></div><div class="popup-container max-width-800px"><h3 class="language-picker-heading">Select your preferred language</h3><ul class="language-popup-list single-col"><li class="language-selector" data-lang="en-US"><a href="?mons_sel_locale=en_US" class="language-picker-language current">English - US</a></li><li class="language-selector" data-lang="es-US"><a href="?mons_sel_locale=es_US" class="language-picker-language ">Español - US</a></li><li class="language-selector" data-lang="zh-CN"><a href="?mons_sel_locale=zh_CN" class="language-picker-language ">中文 - CN</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div class="background-color-squid-ink-dark border-color-squid-ink padding-left-xxlarge padding-right-xxlarge padding-top-small padding-bottom-small border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-center flex-align-content-center flex-justify-content flex-justify-content-space-between flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class="has-max-width"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-center flex-align-content-center amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:16.666666666666668%"><a class="link-container " href="/?ref_=sdus_soa_home_f"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-center flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class=" image image-size-custom align-start "><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/navigation/logos/amazon-logo_rgb_wht.svg" alt="Amazon logo" title="Amazon logo" style="height:24px;width:auto" data-src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sell/navigation/logos/amazon-logo_rgb_wht.svg"/></div></div></a></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-center flex-align-content-center flex-justify-content flex-justify-content-flex-end amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell is-fluid" id="" style="width:50%"><div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-center flex-align-content-flex-start flex-justify-content flex-justify-content-flex-end amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell is-fluid" id="" style="width:33.333333333333336%"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-minibase padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-center amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:50%"><div class="align-start"><a href="https://sellercentral.amazon.com/gp/help/external/201824360" class="link link-type-plain-text-mid">Terms of Service</a></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-xlarge padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-center amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:50%"><div class="align-start"><a href="/privacy" class="link link-type-plain-text-mid">Privacy Policy</a></div></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-center amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:33.333333333333336%"><div class="text align-end color-cumulus font-size-xsmall ember font-normal">© 2024, Amazon.com Services LLC.</div></div></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell is-fluid" id="" style="width:33.333333333333336%"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-xsmall padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:8.333333333333334%"><a class="link-container " href="https://www.facebook.com/SellonAmazon " target="_blank"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class=" image image-size-original align-center "><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/utility/social_facebook-white.svg" alt="Facebook logo" title=""/></div></div></a></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-xsmall padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:16.666666666666668%"><a class="link-container " href="https://twitter.com/Sell_on_Amazon " target="_blank"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class=" image image-size-original align-center "><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/utility/social_x-white.svg" alt="Twitter logo" title=""/></div></div></a></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-xsmall padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:16.666666666666668%"><a class="link-container " href="https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/1009933 " target="_blank"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class=" image image-size-original align-center "><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/utility/social_linkedin-white.svg" alt="LinkedIn logo" title=""/></div></div></a></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-xsmall padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:16.666666666666668%"><a class="link-container " href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC4B8ywA2Cz_K95w2oeWxizg" target="_blank"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class=" image image-size-original align-center "><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/utility/social_youtube-white.svg" alt="YouTube logo" title=""/></div></div></a></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-xsmall padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:16.666666666666668%"><a class="link-container " href="https://www.instagram.com/sellonamazon/" target="_blank"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class=" image image-size-original align-center "><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/utility/social_instagram-white._CB572896591_.svg" alt="Instagram logo" title=""/></div></div></a></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:8.333333333333334%"><a class="link-container " href="https://www.tiktok.com/@sellonamazon" target="_blank"><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start flex-full-width amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:100%"><div class=" image image-size-original align-center "><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/sp-marketing-toolkit/guides/design/iconography/utility/social_tiktok_white.svg" alt="TikTok logo" title=""/></div></div></a></div><div class="border-color-squid-ink padding-left-zero padding-right-zero padding-top-zero padding-bottom-zero border-left-zero border-right-zero border-top-zero border-bottom-zero flex-container flex-align-items-stretch flex-align-content-flex-start amsg-2018 fonts-loaded border-color-squid-ink design-Sell" id="" style="width:16.666666666666668%"><div class="spacer"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div> </div> <script src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/03/amazonservices/aos.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="https://d3216uwaav9lg7.cloudfront.net/assets-Sell.js" type="text/javascript"></script> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> (function(){ const scriptElement = document.querySelector("head").appendChild(document.createElement("script")); scriptElement.type = "text/javascript"; scriptElement.innerText = "var eVar14='No';"; scriptElement.innerHTML = "var eVar14='No';"; })(); document.querySelector("body").setAttribute("data-lang","us"); document.querySelector("html").setAttribute("lang","en-US"); document.querySelector("html").setAttribute("dir","ltr"); </script> </div><div id='be' style="display:none;visibility:hidden;"><form name='ue_backdetect' action="get"><input type="hidden" name='ue_back' value='1' /></form> <script type="text/javascript"> window.ue_ibe = (window.ue_ibe || 0) + 1; if (window.ue_ibe === 1) { (function(e,c){function h(b,a){f.push([b,a])}function g(b,a){if(b){var c=e.head||e.getElementsByTagName("head")[0]||e.documentElement,d=e.createElement("script");d.async="async";d.src=b;d.setAttribute("crossorigin","anonymous");a&&a.onerror&&(d.onerror=a.onerror);a&&a.onload&&(d.onload=a.onload);c.insertBefore(d,c.firstChild)}}function k(){ue.uels=g;for(var b=0;b<f.length;b++){var a=f[b];g(a[0],a[1])}ue.deffered=1}var f=[];c.ue&&(ue.uels=h,c.ue.attach&&c.ue.attach("load",k))})(document,window); if (window.ue && window.ue.uels) { var cel_widgets = [ { "c":"celwidget" },{ "s":"#nav-swmslot > div", "id_gen":function(elem, index){ return 'nav_sitewide_msg'; } } ]; ue.uels("https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/31bJewCvY-L.js"); } var ue_mbl=ue_csm.ue.exec(function(h,a){function s(c){b=c||{};a.AMZNPerformance=b;b.transition=b.transition||{};b.timing=b.timing||{};if(a.csa){var d;b.timing.transitionStart&&(d=b.timing.transitionStart);b.timing.processStart&&(d=b.timing.processStart);d&&(csa("PageTiming")("mark","nativeTransitionStart",d),csa("PageTiming")("mark","transitionStart",d))}h.ue.exec(t,"csm-android-check")()&&b.tags instanceof Array&&(c=-1!=b.tags.indexOf("usesAppStartTime")||b.transition.type?!b.transition.type&&-1< b.tags.indexOf("usesAppStartTime")?"warm-start":void 0:"view-transition",c&&(b.transition.type=c));n=null;"reload"===e._nt&&h.ue_orct||"intrapage-transition"===e._nt?u(b):"undefined"===typeof e._nt&&f&&f.timing&&f.timing.navigationStart&&a.history&&"function"===typeof a.History&&"object"===typeof a.history&&a.history.length&&1!=a.history.length&&(b.timing.transitionStart=f.timing.navigationStart);p&&e.ssw(q,""+(b.timing.transitionStart||n||""));c=b.transition;d=e._nt?e._nt:void 0;c.subType=d;a.ue&& a.ue.tag&&a.ue.tag("has-AMZNPerformance");e.isl&&a.uex&&a.uex("at","csm-timing");v()}function w(c){a.ue&&a.ue.count&&a.ue.count("csm-cordova-plugin-failed",1)}function t(){return a.cordova&&a.cordova.platformId&&"android"==a.cordova.platformId}function u(){if(p){var c=e.ssw(q),a=function(){},x=e.count||a,a=e.tag||a,k=b.timing.transitionStart,g=c&&!c.e&&c.val;n=c=g?+c.val:null;k&&g&&k>c?(x("csm.jumpStart.mtsDiff",k-c||0),a("csm-rld-mts-gt")):k&&g?a("csm-rld-mts-leq"):g?k||a("csm-rld-mts-no-new"):a("csm-rld-mts-no-old")}f&& f.timing&&f.timing.navigationStart?b.timing.transitionStart=f.timing.navigationStart:delete b.timing.transitionStart}function v(){try{a.P.register("AMZNPerformance",function(){return b})}catch(c){}}function r(){if(!b)return"";ue_mbl.cnt=null;var c=b.timing,d=b.transition,d=["mts",l(c.transitionStart),"mps",l(c.processStart),"mtt",d.type,"mtst",d.subType,"mtlt",d.launchType];a.ue&&a.ue.tag&&(c.fr_ovr&&a.ue.tag("fr_ovr"),c.fcp_ovr&&a.ue.tag("fcp_ovr"),d.push("fr_ovr",l(c.fr_ovr),"fcp_ovr",l(c.fcp_ovr))); for(var c="",e=0;e<d.length;e+=2){var f=d[e],g=d[e+1];"undefined"!==typeof g&&(c+="&"+f+"="+g)}return c}function l(a){if("undefined"!==typeof a&&"undefined"!==typeof m)return a-m}function y(a,d){b&&(m=d,b.timing.transitionStart=a,b.transition.type="view-transition",b.transition.subType="ajax-transition",b.transition.launchType="normal",ue_mbl.cnt=r)}var e=h.ue||{},m=h.ue_t0,q="csm-last-mts",p=1===h.ue_sswmts,n,f=a.performance,b;if(a.P&&a.P.when&&a.P.register)return 1===a.ue_fnt&&(m=a.aPageStart|| h.ue_t0),a.P.when("CSMPlugin").execute(function(a){a.buildAMZNPerformance&&a.buildAMZNPerformance({successCallback:s,failCallback:w})}),{cnt:r,ajax:y}},"mobile-timing")(ue_csm,ue_csm.window); (function(d){d._uess=function(){var a="";screen&&screen.width&&screen.height&&(a+="&sw="+screen.width+"&sh="+screen.height);var b=function(a){var b=document.documentElement["client"+a];return"CSS1Compat"===document.compatMode&&b||document.body["client"+a]||b},c=b("Width"),b=b("Height");c&&b&&(a+="&vw="+c+"&vh="+b);return a}})(ue_csm); (function(a){function d(a){c&&c("log",a)}var b=document.ue_backdetect,c=a.csa&&a.csa("Errors",{producerId:"csa",logOptions:{ent:"all"}});a.ue_err.buffer&&c&&(a.ue_err.buffer.forEach(d),a.ue_err.buffer.push=d);b&&b.ue_back&&a.ue&&(a.ue.bfini=b.ue_back.value);a.uet&&a.uet("be");a.onLdEnd&&(window.addEventListener?window.addEventListener("load",a.onLdEnd,!1):window.attachEvent&&window.attachEvent("onload",a.onLdEnd));a.ueh&&a.ueh(0,window,"load",a.onLd,1);a.ue&&a.ue.tag&&(a.ue_furl?(b=a.ue_furl.replace(/\./g, "-"),a.ue.tag(b)):a.ue.tag("nofls"))})(ue_csm); (function(g,h){function d(a,d){var b={};if(!e||!f)try{var c=h.sessionStorage;c?a&&("undefined"!==typeof d?c.setItem(a,d):b.val=c.getItem(a)):f=1}catch(g){e=1}e&&(b.e=1);return b}var b=g.ue||{},a="",f,e,c,a=d("csmtid");f?a="NA":a.e?a="ET":(a=a.val,a||(a=b.oid||"NI",d("csmtid",a)),c=d(b.oid),c.e||(c.val=c.val||0,d(b.oid,c.val+1)),b.ssw=d);b.tabid=a})(ue_csm,ue_csm.window); (function(a){var e={rc:1,hob:1,hoe:1,ntd:1,rd_:1,_rd:1};"function"===typeof window.addEventListener&&window.addEventListener("pageshow",function(b){if(b&&b.persisted&&(b=+new Date,b={clickTime:b-1,pageVisible:b},"object"===typeof b&&"object"===typeof a.ue.markers&&"object"===typeof a.ue&&"function"===typeof a.uex)){if("function"===typeof a.uet){for(var c in a.ue.markers)!a.ue.markers.hasOwnProperty(c)||c in e||a.uet(c,void 0,void 0,b.pageVisible);a.uet("tc",void 0,void 0,b.clickTime);a.uet("ty",void 0, void 0,b.clickTime+2)}(c=document.ue_backdetect)&&c.ue_back&&(a.ue.bfini=+c.ue_back.value+1);a.ue.isBFonMshop=!0;a.ue.isBFCache=!0;a.ue.t0=b.clickTime;a.ue.viz=["visible:0"];"function"===typeof a.ue.tag&&(a.ue.tag("cacheSourceMemory"),a.ue.tag("history-navigation-page-cache"));c=ue_csm.csa&&ue_csm.csa("SPA");var d=ue_csm.csa&&ue_csm.csa("PageTiming");c&&d&&(c("newPage",{transitionType:"history-navigation-page-cache"},{keepPageAttributes:!0}),d("mark","transitionStart",b.clickTime));"function"===typeof a.uex&& a.uex("ld",void 0,void 0,a.ue.t.ld);delete a.ue.isBFonMshop;delete a.ue.isBFCache}})})(ue_csm); ue_csm.ue.exec(function(e,f){var a=e.ue||{},b=a._wlo,d;if(a.ssw){d=a.ssw("CSM_previousURL").val;var c=f.location,b=b?b:c&&c.href?c.href.split("#")[0]:void 0;c=(b||"")===a.ssw("CSM_previousURL").val;!c&&b&&a.ssw("CSM_previousURL",b);d=c?"reload":d?"intrapage-transition":"first-view"}else d="unknown";a._nt=d},"NavTypeModule")(ue_csm,window); ue_csm.ue.exec(function(c,a){function g(a){a.run(function(e){d.tag("csm-feature-"+a.name+":"+e);d.isl&&c.uex("at")})}if(a.addEventListener)for(var d=c.ue||{},f=[{name:"touch-enabled",run:function(b){var e=function(){a.removeEventListener("touchstart",c,!0);a.removeEventListener("mousemove",d,!0)},c=function(){b("true");e()},d=function(){b("false");e()};a.addEventListener("touchstart",c,!0);a.addEventListener("mousemove",d,!0)}}],b=0;b<f.length;b++)g(f[b])},"csm-features")(ue_csm,window); (function(a,e){function d(a){b&&b("recordCounter",a.c,a.v)}var c=e.images,b=a.csa&&a.csa("Metrics",{producerId:"csa"});c&&c.length&&a.ue.count("totalImages",c.length);a.ue.cv.buffer&&b&&(a.ue.cv.buffer.forEach(d),a.ue.cv.buffer.push=d)})(ue_csm,document); (function(b){function c(){var d=[];a.log&&a.log.isStub&&a.log.replay(function(a){e(d,a)});a.clog&&a.clog.isStub&&a.clog.replay(function(a){e(d,a)});d.length&&(a._flhs+=1,n(d),p(d))}function g(){a.log&&a.log.isStub&&(a.onflush&&a.onflush.replay&&a.onflush.replay(function(a){a[0]()}),a.onunload&&a.onunload.replay&&a.onunload.replay(function(a){a[0]()}),c())}function e(d,b){var c=b[1],f=b[0],e={};a._lpn[c]=(a._lpn[c]||0)+1;e[c]=f;d.push(e)}function n(b){q&&(a._lpn.csm=(a._lpn.csm||0)+1,b.push({csm:{k:"chk", f:a._flhs,l:a._lpn,s:"inln"}}))}function p(a){if(h)a=k(a),b.navigator.sendBeacon(l,a);else{a=k(a);var c=new b[f];c.open("POST",l,!0);c.setRequestHeader&&c.setRequestHeader("Content-type","text/plain");c.send(a)}}function k(a){return JSON.stringify({rid:b.ue_id,sid:b.ue_sid,mid:b.ue_mid,mkt:b.ue_mkt,sn:b.ue_sn,reqs:a})}var f="XMLHttpRequest",q=1===b.ue_ddq,a=b.ue,r=b[f]&&"withCredentials"in new b[f],h=b.navigator&&b.navigator.sendBeacon,l="//"+b.ue_furl+"/1/batch/1/OE/",m=b.ue_fci_ft||5E3;a&&(r||h)&& (a._flhs=a._flhs||0,a._lpn=a._lpn||{},a.attach&&(a.attach("beforeunload",a.exec(g,"fcli-bfu")),a.attach("pagehide",a.exec(g,"fcli-ph"))),m&&b.setTimeout(a.exec(c,"fcli-t"),m),a._ffci=a.exec(c))})(window); (function(k,c){function l(a,b){return a.filter(function(a){return a.initiatorType==b})}function f(a,c){if(b.t[a]){var g=b.t[a]-b._t0,e=c.filter(function(a){return 0!==a.responseEnd&&m(a)<g}),f=l(e,"script"),h=l(e,"link"),k=l(e,"img"),n=e.map(function(a){return a.name.split("/")[2]}).filter(function(a,b,c){return a&&c.lastIndexOf(a)==b}),q=e.filter(function(a){return a.duration<p}),s=g-Math.max.apply(null,e.map(m))<r|0;"af"==a&&(b._afjs=f.length);return a+":"+[e[d],f[d],h[d],k[d],n[d],q[d],s].join("-")}} function m(a){return a.responseEnd-(b._t0-c.timing.navigationStart)}function n(){var a=c[h]("resource"),d=f("cf",a),g=f("af",a),a=f("ld",a);delete b._rt;b._ld=b.t.ld-b._t0;b._art&&b._art();return[d,g,a].join("_")}var p=20,r=50,d="length",b=k.ue,h="getEntriesByType";b._rre=m;b._rt=c&&c.timing&&c[h]&&n})(ue_csm,window.performance); (function(c,d){var b=c.ue,a=d.navigator;b&&b.tag&&a&&(a=a.connection||a.mozConnection||a.webkitConnection)&&a.type&&b.tag("netInfo:"+a.type)})(ue_csm,window); (function(c,d){function h(a,b){for(var c=[],d=0;d<a.length;d++){var e=a[d],f=b.encode(e);if(e[k]){var g=b.metaSep,e=e[k],l=b.metaPairSep,h=[],m=void 0;for(m in e)e.hasOwnProperty(m)&&h.push(m+"="+e[m]);e=h.join(l);f+=g+e}c.push(f)}return c.join(b.resourceSep)}function s(a){var b=a[k]=a[k]||{};b[t]||(b[t]=c.ue_mid);b[u]||(b[u]=c.ue_sid);b[f]||(b[f]=c.ue_id);b.csm=1;a="//"+c.ue_furl+"/1/"+a[v]+"/1/OP/"+a[w]+"/"+a[x]+"/"+h([a],y);if(n)try{n.call(d[p],a)}catch(g){c.ue.sbf=1,(new Image).src=a}else(new Image).src= a}function q(){g&&g.isStub&&g.replay(function(a,b,c){a=a[0];b=a[k]=a[k]||{};b[f]=b[f]||c;s(a)});l.impression=s;g=null}if(!(1<c.ueinit)){var k="metadata",x="impressionType",v="foresterChannel",w="programGroup",t="marketplaceId",u="session",f="requestId",p="navigator",l=c.ue||{},n=d[p]&&d[p].sendBeacon,r=function(a,b,c,d){return{encode:d,resourceSep:a,metaSep:b,metaPairSep:c}},y=r("","?","&",function(a){return h(a.impressionData,z)}),z=r("/",":",",",function(a){return a.featureName+":"+h(a.resources, A)}),A=r(",","@","|",function(a){return a.id}),g=l.impression;n?q():(l.attach("load",q),l.attach("beforeunload",q));try{d.P&&d.P.register&&d.P.register("impression-client",function(){})}catch(B){c.ueLogError(B,{logLevel:"WARN"})}}})(ue_csm,window); var ue_pty = "JellyfishSellDotTenant"; var ue_spty = "JellyfishSellDot"; var ue_adb = 4; var ue_adb_rtla = 1; ue_csm.ue.exec(function(y,a){function t(){if(d&&f){var a;a:{try{a=d.getItem(g);break a}catch(c){}a=void 0}if(a)return b=a,!0}return!1}function u(){if(a.fetch)fetch(m).then(function(a){if(!a.ok)throw Error(a.statusText);return a.text?a.text():null}).then(function(b){b?(-1<b.indexOf("window.ue_adb_chk = 1")&&(a.ue_adb_chk=1),n()):h()})["catch"](h);else e.uels(m,{onerror:h,onload:n})}function h(){b=k;l();if(f)try{d.setItem(g,b)}catch(a){}}function n(){b=1===a.ue_adb_chk?p:k;l();if(f)try{d.setItem(g, b)}catch(c){}}function q(){a.ue_adb_rtla&&c&&0<c.ec&&!1===r&&(c.elh=null,ueLogError({m:"Hit Info",fromOnError:1},{logLevel:"INFO",adb:b}),r=!0)}function l(){e.tag(b);e.isl&&a.uex&&uex("at",b);s&&s.updateCsmHit("adb",b);c&&0<c.ec?q():a.ue_adb_rtla&&c&&(c.elh=q)}function v(){return b}if(a.ue_adb){a.ue_fadb=a.ue_fadb||10;var e=a.ue,k="adblk_yes",p="adblk_no",m="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/csm/showads.v2.js?category=ad&adstype=-ad-column-&ad_size=-housead-",b="adblk_unk",d;a:{try{d=a.localStorage; break a}catch(z){}d=void 0}var g="csm:adb",c=a.ue_err,s=e.cookie,f=void 0!==a.localStorage,w=Math.random()>1-1/a.ue_fadb,r=!1,x=t();w||!x?u():l();a.ue_isAdb=v;a.ue_isAdb.unk="adblk_unk";a.ue_isAdb.no=p;a.ue_isAdb.yes=k}},"adb")(document,window); (function(c,l,m){function h(a){if(a)try{if(a.id)return"//*[@id='"+a.id+"']";var b,d=1,e;for(e=a.previousSibling;e;e=e.previousSibling)e.nodeName===a.nodeName&&(d+=1);b=d;var c=a.nodeName;1!==b&&(c+="["+b+"]");a.parentNode&&(c=h(a.parentNode)+"/"+c);return c}catch(f){return"DETACHED"}}function f(a){if(a&&a.getAttribute)return a.getAttribute(k)?a.getAttribute(k):f(a.parentElement)}var k="data-cel-widget",g=!1,d=[];(c.ue||{}).isBF=function(){try{var a=JSON.parse(localStorage["csm-bf"]||"[]"),b=0<=a.indexOf(c.ue_id); a.unshift(c.ue_id);a=a.slice(0,20);localStorage["csm-bf"]=JSON.stringify(a);return b}catch(d){return!1}}();c.ue_utils={getXPath:h,getFirstAscendingWidget:function(a,b){c.ue_cel&&c.ue_fem?!0===g?b(f(a)):d.push({element:a,callback:b}):b()},notifyWidgetsLabeled:function(){if(!1===g){g=!0;for(var a=f,b=0;b<d.length;b++)if(d[b].hasOwnProperty("callback")&&d[b].hasOwnProperty("element")){var c=d[b].callback,e=d[b].element;"function"===typeof c&&"function"===typeof a&&c(a(e))}d=null}},extractStringValue:function(a){if("string"=== typeof a)return a}}})(ue_csm,window,document); (function(a){a.ue_cel||(a.ue_cel=function(){function m(a,r){r?r.r=u:r={r:u,c:1};D||(!ue_csm.ue_sclog&&r.clog&&b.clog?b.clog(a,r.ns||s,r):r.glog&&b.glog?b.glog(a,r.ns||s,r):b.log(a,r.ns||s,r))}function n(a,b){"function"===typeof p&&p("log",{schemaId:t+".RdCSI.1",eventType:a,clientData:b},{ent:{page:["requestId"]}})}function c(){var a=q.length;if(0<a){for(var r=[],c=0;c<a;c++){var d=q[c].api;d.ready()?(d.on({ts:b.d,ns:s}),g.push(q[c]),m({k:"mso",n:q[c].name,t:b.d()})):r.push(q[c])}q=r}}function f(){if(!f.executed){for(var a= 0;a<g.length;a++)g[a].api.off&&g[a].api.off({ts:b.d,ns:s});B();m({k:"eod",t0:b.t0,t:b.d()},{c:1,il:1});f.executed=1;for(a=0;a<g.length;a++)q.push(g[a]);g=[];d(v);d(A)}}function B(a){m({k:"hrt",t:b.d()},{c:1,il:1,n:a});y=Math.min(w,e*y);z()}function z(){d(A);A=k(function(){B(!0)},y)}function x(){f.executed||B()}var l=a.window,k=l.setTimeout,d=l.clearTimeout,e=1.5,w=l.ue_cel_max_hrt||3E4,t="robotdetection",q=[],g=[],s=a.ue_cel_ns||"cel",v,A,b=a.ue,F=a.uet,C=a.uex,u=b.rid,D=a.ue_dsbl_cel,h=l.csa,p,y= l.ue_cel_hrt_int||3E3,E=l.requestAnimationFrame||function(a){a()};h&&(p=h("Events",{producerId:t}));if(b.isBF)m({k:"bft",t:b.d()});else{"function"==typeof F&&F("bb","csmCELLSframework",{wb:1});k(c,0);b.onunload(f);if(b.onflush)b.onflush(x);v=k(f,6E5);z();"function"==typeof C&&C("ld","csmCELLSframework",{wb:1});return{registerModule:function(a,r){q.push({name:a,api:r});m({k:"mrg",n:a,t:b.d()});c()},reset:function(a){m({k:"rst",t0:b.t0,t:b.d()});q=q.concat(g);g=[];for(var r=q.length,e=0;e<r;e++)q[e].api.off(), q[e].api.reset();u=a||b.rid;c();d(v);v=k(f,6E5);f.executed=0},timeout:function(a,b){return k(function(){E(function(){f.executed||a()})},b)},log:m,csaEventLog:n,off:f}}}())})(ue_csm); (function(a){a.ue_pdm||!a.ue_cel||a.ue.isBF||(a.ue_pdm=function(){function m(){try{var b=d.screen;if(b){var c={w:b.width,aw:b.availWidth,h:b.height,ah:b.availHeight,cd:b.colorDepth,pd:b.pixelDepth};g&&g.w===c.w&&g.h===c.h&&g.aw===c.aw&&g.ah===c.ah&&g.pd===c.pd&&g.cd===c.cd||(g=c,g.t=t(),g.k="sci",F(g),D&&h("sci",{h:(g.h||"0")+""}))}var k=e.body||{},f=e.documentElement||{},n={w:Math.max(k.scrollWidth||0,k.offsetWidth||0,f.clientWidth||0,f.scrollWidth||0,f.offsetWidth||0),h:Math.max(k.scrollHeight|| 0,k.offsetHeight||0,f.clientHeight||0,f.scrollHeight||0,f.offsetHeight||0)};s&&s.w===n.w&&s.h===n.h||(s=n,s.t=t(),s.k="doi",F(s));w=a.ue_cel.timeout(m,q);A+=1}catch(p){d.ueLogError&&ueLogError(p,{attribution:"csm-cel-page-module",logLevel:"WARN"})}}function n(){x("ebl","default",!1)}function c(){x("efo","default",!0)}function f(){x("ebl","app",!1)}function B(){x("efo","app",!0)}function z(){d.setTimeout(function(){e[E]?x("ebl","pageviz",!1):x("efo","pageviz",!0)},0)}function x(a,b,c){v!==c&&(F({k:a, t:t(),s:b},{ff:!0===c?0:1}),D&&h(a,{t:(t()||"0")+"",s:b}));v=c}function l(){b.attach&&(p&&b.attach(y,z,e),G&&P.when("mash").execute(function(a){a&&a.addEventListener&&(a.addEventListener("appPause",f),a.addEventListener("appResume",B))}),b.attach("blur",n,d),b.attach("focus",c,d))}function k(){b.detach&&(p&&b.detach(y,z,e),G&&P.when("mash").execute(function(a){a&&a.removeEventListener&&(a.removeEventListener("appPause",f),a.removeEventListener("appResume",B))}),b.detach("blur",n,d),b.detach("focus", c,d))}var d=a.window,e=a.document,w,t,q,g,s,v=null,A=0,b=a.ue,F=a.ue_cel.log,C=a.uet,u=a.uex,D=d.csa,h=a.ue_cel.csaEventLog,p=!!b.pageViz,y=p&&b.pageViz.event,E=p&&b.pageViz.propHid,G=d.P&&d.P.when;"function"==typeof C&&C("bb","csmCELLSpdm",{wb:1});return{on:function(a){q=a.timespan||500;t=a.ts;l();a=d.location;F({k:"pmd",o:a.origin,p:a.pathname,t:t()});m();"function"==typeof u&&u("ld","csmCELLSpdm",{wb:1})},off:function(a){clearTimeout(w);k();b.count&&b.count("cel.PDM.TotalExecutions",A)},ready:function(){return e.body&& a.ue_cel&&a.ue_cel.log},reset:function(){g=s=null}}}(),a.ue_cel&&a.ue_cel.registerModule("page module",a.ue_pdm))})(ue_csm); (function(a){a.ue_vpm||!a.ue_cel||a.ue.isBF||(a.ue_vpm=function(){function m(){var a=z(),b={w:k.innerWidth,h:k.innerHeight,x:k.pageXOffset,y:k.pageYOffset};c&&c.w==b.w&&c.h==b.h&&c.x==b.x&&c.y==b.y||(b.t=a,b.k="vpi",c=b,e(c,{clog:1}),s&&v("vpi",{t:(c.t||"0")+"",h:(c.h||"0")+"",y:(c.y||"0")+"",w:(c.w||"0")+"",x:(c.x||"0")+""}));f=0;x=z()-a;l+=1}function n(){f||(f=a.ue_cel.timeout(m,B))}var c,f,B,z,x=0,l=0,k=a.window,d=a.ue,e=a.ue_cel.log,w=a.uet,t=a.uex,q=d.attach,g=d.detach,s=k.csa,v=a.ue_cel.csaEventLog; "function"==typeof w&&w("bb","csmCELLSvpm",{wb:1});return{on:function(a){z=a.ts;B=a.timespan||100;m();q&&(q("scroll",n),q("resize",n));"function"==typeof t&&t("ld","csmCELLSvpm",{wb:1})},off:function(a){clearTimeout(f);g&&(g("scroll",n),g("resize",n));d.count&&(d.count("cel.VPI.TotalExecutions",l),d.count("cel.VPI.TotalExecutionTime",x),d.count("cel.VPI.AverageExecutionTime",x/l))},ready:function(){return a.ue_cel&&a.ue_cel.log},reset:function(){c=void 0},getVpi:function(){return c}}}(),a.ue_cel&& a.ue_cel.registerModule("viewport module",a.ue_vpm))})(ue_csm); (function(a){if(!a.ue_fem&&a.ue_cel&&a.ue_utils){var m=a.ue||{},n=a.window,c=n.document;!m.isBF&&!a.ue_fem&&c.querySelector&&n.getComputedStyle&&[].forEach&&(a.ue_fem=function(){function f(a,b){return a>b?3>a-b:3>b-a}function B(a,b){var c=n.pageXOffset,d=n.pageYOffset,k;a:{try{if(a){var e=a.getBoundingClientRect(),g,m=0===a.offsetWidth&&0===a.offsetHeight;c:{for(var h=a.parentNode,p=e.left||0,w=e.top||0,q=e.width||0,s=e.height||0;h&&h!==document.body;){var l;d:{try{var r=void 0;if(h)var t=h.getBoundingClientRect(), r={x:t.left||0,y:t.top||0,w:t.width||0,h:t.height||0};else r=void 0;l=r;break d}catch(I){}l=void 0}var u=window.getComputedStyle(h),v="hidden"===u.overflow,x=v||"hidden"===u.overflowX,y=v||"hidden"===u.overflowY,z=w+s-1<l.y+1||w+1>l.y+l.h-1;if((p+q-1<l.x+1||p+1>l.x+l.w-1)&&x||z&&y){g=!0;break c}h=h.parentNode}g=!1}k={x:e.left+c||0,y:e.top+d||0,w:e.width||0,h:e.height||0,d:(m||g)|0}}else k=void 0;break a}catch(J){}k=void 0}if(k&&!a.cel_b)a.cel_b=k,D({n:a.getAttribute(A),w:a.cel_b.w,h:a.cel_b.h,d:a.cel_b.d, x:a.cel_b.x,y:a.cel_b.y,t:b,k:"ewi",cl:a.className},{clog:1});else{if(c=k)c=a.cel_b,d=k,c=d.d===c.d&&1===d.d?!1:!(f(c.x,d.x)&&f(c.y,d.y)&&f(c.w,d.w)&&f(c.h,d.h)&&c.d===d.d);c&&(a.cel_b=k,D({n:a.getAttribute(A),w:a.cel_b.w,h:a.cel_b.h,d:a.cel_b.d,x:a.cel_b.x,y:a.cel_b.y,t:b,k:"ewi"},{clog:1}))}}function z(d,e){var f;f=d.c?c.getElementsByClassName(d.c):d.id?[c.getElementById(d.id)]:c.querySelectorAll(d.s);d.w=[];for(var g=0;g<f.length;g++){var h=f[g];if(h){if(!h.getAttribute(A)){var l=h.getAttribute("cel_widget_id")|| (d.id_gen||u)(h,g)||h.id;h.setAttribute(A,l)}d.w.push(h);k(Q,h,e)}}!1===C&&(F++,F===b.length&&(C=!0,a.ue_utils.notifyWidgetsLabeled()))}function x(a,b){h.contains(a)||D({n:a.getAttribute(A),t:b,k:"ewd"},{clog:1})}function l(a){K.length&&ue_cel.timeout(function(){if(s){for(var b=R(),c=!1;R()-b<g&&!c;){for(c=S;0<c--&&0<K.length;){var d=K.shift();T[d.type](d.elem,d.time)}c=0===K.length}U++;l(a)}},0)}function k(a,b,c){K.push({type:a,elem:b,time:c})}function d(a,c){for(var d=0;d<b.length;d++)for(var e= b[d].w||[],h=0;h<e.length;h++)k(a,e[h],c)}function e(){M||(M=a.ue_cel.timeout(function(){M=null;var c=v();d(W,c);for(var e=0;e<b.length;e++)k(X,b[e],c);0===b.length&&!1===C&&(C=!0,a.ue_utils.notifyWidgetsLabeled());l(c)},q))}function w(){M||N||(N=a.ue_cel.timeout(function(){N=null;var a=v();d(Q,a);l(a)},q))}function t(){return y&&E&&h&&h.contains&&h.getBoundingClientRect&&v}var q=50,g=4.5,s=!1,v,A="data-cel-widget",b=[],F=0,C=!1,u=function(){},D=a.ue_cel.log,h,p,y,E,G=n.MutationObserver||n.WebKitMutationObserver|| n.MozMutationObserver,r=!!G,H,I,O="DOMAttrModified",L="DOMNodeInserted",J="DOMNodeRemoved",N,M,K=[],U=0,S=null,W="removedWidget",X="updateWidgets",Q="processWidget",T,V=n.performance||{},R=V.now&&function(){return V.now()}||function(){return Date.now()};"function"==typeof uet&&uet("bb","csmCELLSfem",{wb:1});return{on:function(d){function k(){if(t()){T={removedWidget:x,updateWidgets:z,processWidget:B};if(r){var a={attributes:!0,subtree:!0};H=new G(w);I=new G(e);H.observe(h,a);I.observe(h,{childList:!0, subtree:!0});I.observe(p,a)}else y.call(h,O,w),y.call(h,L,e),y.call(h,J,e),y.call(p,L,w),y.call(p,J,w);e()}}h=c.body;p=c.head;y=h.addEventListener;E=h.removeEventListener;v=d.ts;b=a.cel_widgets||[];S=d.bs||5;m.deffered?k():m.attach&&m.attach("load",k);"function"==typeof uex&&uex("ld","csmCELLSfem",{wb:1});s=!0},off:function(){t()&&(I&&(I.disconnect(),I=null),H&&(H.disconnect(),H=null),E.call(h,O,w),E.call(h,L,e),E.call(h,J,e),E.call(p,L,w),E.call(p,J,w));m.count&&m.count("cel.widgets.batchesProcessed", U);s=!1},ready:function(){return a.ue_cel&&a.ue_cel.log},reset:function(){b=a.cel_widgets||[]}}}(),a.ue_cel&&a.ue_fem&&a.ue_cel.registerModule("features module",a.ue_fem))}})(ue_csm); (function(a){!a.ue_mcm&&a.ue_cel&&a.ue_utils&&!a.ue.isBF&&(a.ue_mcm=function(){function m(a,d){var e=a.srcElement||a.target||{},f={k:n,w:(d||{}).ow||(B.body||{}).scrollWidth,h:(d||{}).oh||(B.body||{}).scrollHeight,t:(d||{}).ots||c(),x:a.pageX,y:a.pageY,p:l.getXPath(e),n:e.nodeName};z&&"function"===typeof z.now&&a.timeStamp&&(f.dt=(d||{}).odt||z.now()-a.timeStamp,f.dt=parseFloat(f.dt.toFixed(2)));a.button&&(f.b=a.button);e.href&&(f.r=l.extractStringValue(e.href));e.id&&(f.i=e.id);e.className&&e.className.split&& (f.c=e.className.split(/\s+/));x(f,{c:1})}var n="mcm",c,f=a.window,B=f.document,z=f.performance,x=a.ue_cel.log,l=a.ue_utils;return{on:function(k){c=k.ts;a.ue_cel_stub&&a.ue_cel_stub.replayModule(n,m);f.addEventListener&&f.addEventListener("mousedown",m,!0)},off:function(a){f.addEventListener&&f.removeEventListener("mousedown",m,!0)},ready:function(){return a.ue_cel&&a.ue_cel.log},reset:function(){}}}(),a.ue_cel&&a.ue_cel.registerModule("mouse click module",a.ue_mcm))})(ue_csm); (function(a){a.ue_mmm||!a.ue_cel||a.ue.isBF||(a.ue_mmm=function(m){function n(a,b){var c={x:a.pageX||a.x||0,y:a.pageY||a.y||0,t:l()};!b&&p&&(c.t-p.t<B||c.x==p.x&&c.y==p.y)||(p=c,u.push(c))}function c(){if(u.length){F=H.now();for(var a=0;a<u.length;a++){var c=u[a],d=a;y=u[h];E=c;var e=void 0;if(!(e=2>d)){e=void 0;a:if(u[d].t-u[d-1].t>f)e=0;else{for(e=h+1;e<d;e++){var g=y,k=E,l=u[e];G=(k.x-g.x)*(g.y-l.y)-(g.x-l.x)*(k.y-g.y);if(G*G/((k.x-g.x)*(k.x-g.x)+(k.y-g.y)*(k.y-g.y))>z){e=0;break a}}e=1}e=!e}(r= e)?h=d-1:D.pop();D.push(c)}C=H.now()-F;s=Math.min(s,C);v=Math.max(v,C);A=(A*b+C)/(b+1);b+=1;q({k:x,e:D,min:Math.floor(1E3*s),max:Math.floor(1E3*v),avg:Math.floor(1E3*A)},{c:1});u=[];D=[];h=0}}var f=100,B=20,z=25,x="mmm1",l,k,d=a.window,e=d.document,w=d.setInterval,t=a.ue,q=a.ue_cel.log,g,s=1E3,v=0,A=0,b=0,F,C,u=[],D=[],h=0,p,y,E,G,r,H=m&&m.now&&m||Date.now&&Date||{now:function(){return(new Date).getTime()}};return{on:function(a){l=a.ts;k=a.ns;t.attach&&t.attach("mousemove",n,e);g=w(c,3E3)},off:function(a){k&& (p&&n(p,!0),c());clearInterval(g);t.detach&&t.detach("mousemove",n,e)},ready:function(){return a.ue_cel&&a.ue_cel.log},reset:function(){u=[];D=[];h=0;p=null}}}(window.performance),a.ue_cel&&a.ue_cel.registerModule("mouse move module",a.ue_mmm))})(ue_csm); ue_csm.ue.exec(function(b,c){var e=function(){},f=function(){return{send:function(b,d){if(d&&b){var a;if(c.XDomainRequest)a=new XDomainRequest,a.onerror=e,a.ontimeout=e,a.onprogress=e,a.onload=e,a.timeout=0;else if(c.XMLHttpRequest){if(a=new XMLHttpRequest,!("withCredentials"in a))throw"";}else a=void 0;if(!a)throw"";a.open("POST",b,!0);a.setRequestHeader&&a.setRequestHeader("Content-type","text/plain");a.send(d)}},isSupported:!0}}(),g=function(){return{send:function(c,d){if(c&&d)if(navigator.sendBeacon(c, d))b.ue_sbuimp&&b.ue&&b.ue.ssw&&b.ue.ssw("eelsts","scs");else throw"";},isSupported:!!navigator.sendBeacon&&!(c.cordova&&c.cordova.platformId&&"ios"==c.cordova.platformId)}}();b.ue._ajx=f;b.ue._sBcn=g},"Transportation-clients")(ue_csm,window); ue_csm.ue.exec(function(b,k){function B(){for(var a=0;a<arguments.length;a++){var c=arguments[a];try{var g;if(c.isSupported){var f=u.buildPayload(l,e);g=c.send(K,f)}else throw dummyException;return g}catch(d){}}a={m:"All supported clients failed",attribution:"CSMSushiClient_TRANSPORTATION_FAIL",f:"sushi-client.js",logLevel:"ERROR"};C(a,k.ue_err_chan||"jserr");b.ue_err.buffer&&b.ue_err.buffer.push(a)}function m(){if(e.length){for(var a=0;a<n.length;a++)n[a]();B(d._sBcn||{},d._ajx||{});e=[];h={};l= {};v=w=r=x=0}}function L(){var a=new Date,c=function(a){return 10>a?"0"+a:a};return Date.prototype.toISOString?a.toISOString():a.getUTCFullYear()+"-"+c(a.getUTCMonth()+1)+"-"+c(a.getUTCDate())+"T"+c(a.getUTCHours())+":"+c(a.getUTCMinutes())+":"+c(a.getUTCSeconds())+"."+String((a.getUTCMilliseconds()/1E3).toFixed(3)).slice(2,5)+"Z"}function y(a){try{return JSON.stringify(a)}catch(c){}return null}function D(a,c,g,f){var q=!1;f=f||{};s++;if(s==E){var p={m:"Max number of Sushi Logs exceeded",f:"sushi-client.js", logLevel:"ERROR",attribution:"CSMSushiClient_MAX_CALLS"};C(p,k.ue_err_chan||"jserr");b.ue_err.buffer&&b.ue_err.buffer.push(p)}if(p=!(s>=E))(p=a&&-1<a.constructor.toString().indexOf("Object")&&c&&-1<c.constructor.toString().indexOf("String")&&g&&-1<g.constructor.toString().indexOf("String"))||M++;p&&(d.count&&d.count("Event:"+g,1),a.producerId=a.producerId||c,a.schemaId=a.schemaId||g,a.timestamp=L(),c=Date.now?Date.now():+new Date,g=Math.random().toString().substring(2,12),a.messageId=b.ue_id+"-"+ c+"-"+g,f&&!f.ssd&&(a.sessionId=a.sessionId||b.ue_sid,a.requestId=a.requestId||b.ue_id,a.obfuscatedMarketplaceId=a.obfuscatedMarketplaceId||b.ue_mid),(c=y(a))?(c=c.length,(e.length==N||r+c>O)&&m(),r+=c,a={data:u.compressEvent(a)},e.push(a),(f||{}).n?0===F?m():v||(v=k.setTimeout(m,F)):w||(w=k.setTimeout(m,P)),q=!0):q=!1);!q&&b.ue_int&&console.error("Invalid JS Nexus API call");return q}function G(){if(!H){for(var a=0;a<z.length;a++)z[a]();for(a=0;a<n.length;a++)n[a]();e.length&&(b.ue_sbuimp&&b.ue&& b.ue.ssw&&(a=y({dct:l,evt:e}),b.ue.ssw("eeldata",a),b.ue.ssw("eelsts","unk")),B(d._sBcn||{}));H=!0}}function I(a){z.push(a)}function J(a){n.push(a)}var E=1E3,N=499,O=524288,t=function(){},d=b.ue||{},C=d.log||t,Q=b.uex||t;(b.uet||t)("bb","ue_sushi_v1",{wb:1});var K=b.ue_surl||"https://unagi-na.amazon.com/1/events/com.amazon.csm.nexusclient.gamma",R=["messageId","timestamp"],A="#",e=[],h={},l={},r=0,x=0,M=0,s=0,z=[],n=[],H=!1,v,w,F=void 0===b.ue_hpsi?1E3:b.ue_hpsi,P=void 0===b.ue_lpsi?1E4:b.ue_lpsi, u=function(){function a(a){h[a]=A+x++;l[h[a]]=a;return h[a]}function c(b){if(!(b instanceof Function)){if(b instanceof Array){for(var f=[],d=b.length,e=0;e<d;e++)f[e]=c(b[e]);return f}if(b instanceof Object){f={};for(d in b)b.hasOwnProperty(d)&&(f[h[d]?h[d]:a(d)]=-1===R.indexOf(d)?c(b[d]):b[d]);return f}return"string"===typeof b&&(b.length>(A+x).length||b.charAt(0)===A)?h[b]?h[b]:a(b):b}}return{compressEvent:c,buildPayload:function(){return y({cs:{dct:l},events:e})}}}();(function(){if(d.event&&d.event.isStub){if(b.ue_sbuimp&& b.ue&&b.ue.ssw){var a=b.ue.ssw("eelsts").val;if(a&&"unk"===a&&(a=b.ue.ssw("eeldata").val)){var c;a:{try{c=JSON.parse(a);break a}catch(g){}c=null}c&&c.evt instanceof Array&&c.dct instanceof Object&&(e=c.evt,l=c.dct,e&&l&&(m(),b.ue.ssw("eeldata","{}"),b.ue.ssw("eelsts","scs")))}}d.event.replay(function(a){a[3]=a[3]||{};a[3].n=1;D.apply(this,a)});d.onSushiUnload.replay(function(a){I(a[0])});d.onSushiFlush.replay(function(a){J(a[0])})}})();d.attach("beforeunload",G);d.attach("pagehide",G);d._cmps=u;d.event= D;d.event.reset=function(){s=0};d.onSushiUnload=I;d.onSushiFlush=J;try{k.P&&k.P.register&&k.P.register("sushi-client",t)}catch(S){b.ueLogError(S,{logLevel:"WARN"})}Q("ld","ue_sushi_v1",{wb:1})},"Nxs-JS-Client")(ue_csm,window); ue_csm.ue_unrt = 1500; (function(d,b,t){function u(a,g){var c=a.srcElement||a.target||{},b={k:v,t:g.t,dt:g.dt,x:a.pageX,y:a.pageY,p:e.getXPath(c),n:c.nodeName};a.button&&(b.b=a.button);c.type&&(b.ty=c.type);c.href&&(b.r=e.extractStringValue(c.href));c.id&&(b.i=c.id);c.className&&c.className.split&&(b.c=c.className.split(/\s+/));h+=1;e.getFirstAscendingWidget(c,function(a){b.wd=a;d.ue.log(b,r)})}function w(a){if(!x(a.srcElement||a.target)){m+=1;n=!0;var g=f=d.ue.d(),c;p&&"function"===typeof p.now&&a.timeStamp&&(c=p.now()- a.timeStamp,c=parseFloat(c.toFixed(2)));s=b.setTimeout(function(){u(a,{t:g,dt:c})},y)}}function z(a){if(a){var b=a.filter(A);a.length!==b.length&&(q=!0,k=d.ue.d(),n&&q&&(k&&f&&d.ue.log({k:B,t:f,m:Math.abs(k-f)},r),l(),q=!1,k=0))}}function A(a){if(!a)return!1;var b="characterData"===a.type?a.target.parentElement:a.target;if(!b||!b.hasAttributes||!b.attributes)return!1;var c={"class":"gw-clock gw-clock-aria s-item-container-height-auto feed-carousel using-mouse kfs-inner-container".split(" "),id:["dealClock", "deal_expiry_timer","timer"],role:["timer"]},d=!1;Object.keys(c).forEach(function(a){var e=b.attributes[a]?b.attributes[a].value:"";(c[a]||"").forEach(function(a){-1!==e.indexOf(a)&&(d=!0)})});return d}function x(a){if(!a)return!1;var b=(e.extractStringValue(a.nodeName)||"").toLowerCase(),c=(e.extractStringValue(a.type)||"").toLowerCase(),d=(e.extractStringValue(a.href)||"").toLowerCase();a=(e.extractStringValue(a.id)||"").toLowerCase();var f="checkbox color date datetime-local email file month number password radio range reset search tel text time url week".split(" "); if(-1!==["select","textarea","html"].indexOf(b)||"input"===b&&-1!==f.indexOf(c)||"a"===b&&-1!==d.indexOf("http")||-1!==["sitbreaderrightpageturner","sitbreaderleftpageturner","sitbreaderpagecontainer"].indexOf(a))return!0}function l(){n=!1;f=0;b.clearTimeout(s)}function C(){b.ue.onunload(function(){ue.count("armored-cxguardrails.unresponsive-clicks.violations",h);ue.count("armored-cxguardrails.unresponsive-clicks.violationRate",h/m*100||0)})}if(b.MutationObserver&&b.addEventListener&&Object.keys&& d&&d.ue&&d.ue.log&&d.ue_unrt&&d.ue_utils){var y=d.ue_unrt,r="cel",v="unr_mcm",B="res_mcm",p=b.performance,e=d.ue_utils,n=!1,f=0,s=0,q=!1,k=0,h=0,m=0;b.addEventListener&&(b.addEventListener("mousedown",w,!0),b.addEventListener("beforeunload",l,!0),b.addEventListener("visibilitychange",l,!0),b.addEventListener("pagehide",l,!0));b.ue&&b.ue.event&&b.ue.onSushiUnload&&b.ue.onunload&&C();(new MutationObserver(z)).observe(t,{childList:!0,attributes:!0,characterData:!0,subtree:!0})}})(ue_csm,window,document); ue_csm.ue.exec(function(g,e){if(e.ue_err){var f="";e.ue_err.errorHandlers||(e.ue_err.errorHandlers=[]);e.ue_err.errorHandlers.push({name:"fctx",handler:function(a){if(!a.logLevel||"FATAL"===a.logLevel)if(f=g.getElementsByTagName("html")[0].innerHTML){var b=f.indexOf("var ue_t0=ue_t0||+new Date();");if(-1!==b){var b=f.substr(0,b).split(String.fromCharCode(10)),d=Math.max(b.length-10-1,0),b=b.slice(d,b.length-1);a.fcsmln=d+b.length+1;a.cinfo=a.cinfo||{};for(var c=0;c<b.length;c++)a.cinfo[d+c+1+""]= b[c]}b=f.split(String.fromCharCode(10));a.cinfo=a.cinfo||{};if(!(a.f||void 0===a.l||a.l in a.cinfo))for(c=+a.l-1,d=Math.max(c-5,0),c=Math.min(c+5,b.length-1);d<=c;d++)a.cinfo[d+1+""]=b[d]}}})}},"fatals-context")(document,window); (function(m,b){function c(k){function f(a){a&&"string"===typeof a&&(a=(a=a.match(/^(?:https?:)?\/\/(.*?)(\/|$)/i))&&1<a.length?a[1]:null,a&&a&&("number"===typeof e[a]?e[a]++:e[a]=1))}function d(a){var e=10,d=+new Date;a&&a.timeRemaining?e=a.timeRemaining():a={timeRemaining:function(){return Math.max(0,e-(+new Date-d))}};for(var c=b.performance.getEntries(),k=e;g<c.length&&k>n;)c[g].name&&f(c[g].name),g++,k=a.timeRemaining();g>=c.length?h(!0):l()}function h(a){if(!a){a=m.scripts;var c;if(a)for(var d= 0;d<a.length;d++)(c=a[d].getAttribute("src"))&&"undefined"!==c&&f(c)}0<Object.keys(e).length&&(p&&ue_csm.ue&&ue_csm.ue.event&&(a={domains:e,pageType:b.ue_pty||null,subPageType:b.ue_spty||null,pageTypeId:b.ue_pti||null},ue_csm.ue_sjslob&&(a.lob=ue_csm.ue_lob||"0"),ue_csm.ue.event(a,"csm","csm.CrossOriginDomains.2")),b.ue_ext=e)}function l(){!0===k?d():b.requestIdleCallback?b.requestIdleCallback(d):b.requestAnimationFrame?b.requestAnimationFrame(d):b.setTimeout(d,100)}function c(){if(b.performance&& b.performance.getEntries){var a=b.performance.getEntries();!a||0>=a.length?h(!1):l()}else h(!1)}var e=b.ue_ext||{};b.ue_ext||c();return e}function q(){setTimeout(c,r)}var s=b.ue_dserr||!1,p=!0,n=1,r=2E3,g=0;b.ue_err&&s&&(b.ue_err.errorHandlers||(b.ue_err.errorHandlers=[]),b.ue_err.errorHandlers.push({name:"ext",handler:function(b){if(!b.logLevel||"FATAL"===b.logLevel){var f=c(!0),d=[],h;for(h in f){var f=h,g=f.match(/amazon(\.com?)?\.\w{2,3}$/i);g&&1<g.length||-1!==f.indexOf("amazon-adsystem.com")|| -1!==f.indexOf("amazonpay.com")||-1!==f.indexOf("cloudfront-labs.amazonaws.com")||d.push(h)}b.ext=d}}}));b.ue&&b.ue.isl?c():b.ue&&ue.attach&&ue.attach("load",q)})(document,window); var ue_wtc_c = 3; ue_csm.ue.exec(function(b,e){function l(){for(var a=0;a<f.length;a++)a:for(var d=s.replace(A,f[a])+g[f[a]]+t,c=arguments,b=0;b<c.length;b++)try{c[b].send(d);break a}catch(e){}g={};f=[];n=0;k=p}function u(){B?l(q):l(C,q)}function v(a,m,c){r++;if(r>w)d.count&&1==r-w&&(d.count("WeblabTriggerThresholdReached",1),b.ue_int&&console.error("Number of max call reached. Data will no longer be send"));else{var h=c||{};h&&-1<h.constructor.toString().indexOf(D)&&a&&-1<a.constructor.toString().indexOf(x)&&m&&-1< m.constructor.toString().indexOf(x)?(h=b.ue_id,c&&c.rid&&(h=c.rid),c=h,a=encodeURIComponent(",wl="+a+"/"+m),2E3>a.length+p?(2E3<k+a.length&&u(),void 0===g[c]&&(g[c]="",f.push(c)),g[c]+=a,k+=a.length,n||(n=e.setTimeout(u,E))):b.ue_int&&console.error("Invalid API call. The input provided is over 2000 chars.")):d.count&&(d.count("WeblabTriggerImproperAPICall",1),b.ue_int&&console.error("Invalid API call. The input provided does not match the API protocol i.e ue.trigger(String, String, Object)."))}}function F(){d.trigger&& d.trigger.isStub&&d.trigger.replay(function(a){v.apply(this,a)})}function y(){z||(f.length&&l(q),z=!0)}var t=":1234",s="//"+b.ue_furl+"/1/remote-weblab-triggers/1/OE/"+b.ue_mid+":"+b.ue_sid+":PLCHLDR_RID$s:wl-client-id%3DCSMTriger",A="PLCHLDR_RID",E=b.wtt||1E4,p=s.length+t.length,w=b.mwtc||2E3,G=1===e.ue_wtc_c,B=3===e.ue_wtc_c,H=e.XMLHttpRequest&&"withCredentials"in new e.XMLHttpRequest,x="String",D="Object",d=b.ue,g={},f=[],k=p,n,z=!1,r=0,C=function(){return{send:function(a){if(H){var b=new e.XMLHttpRequest; b.open("GET",a,!0);G&&(b.withCredentials=!0);b.send()}else throw"";}}}(),q=function(){return{send:function(a){(new Image).src=a}}}();e.encodeURIComponent&&(d.attach&&(d.attach("beforeunload",y),d.attach("pagehide",y)),F(),d.trigger=v)},"client-wbl-trg")(ue_csm,window); (function(k,d,h){function f(a,c,b){a&&a.indexOf&&0===a.indexOf("http")&&0!==a.indexOf("https")&&l(s,c,a,b)}function g(a,c,b){a&&a.indexOf&&(location.href.split("#")[0]!=a&&null!==a&&"undefined"!==typeof a||l(t,c,a,b))}function l(a,c,b,e){m[b]||(e=u&&e?n(e):"N/A",d.ueLogError&&d.ueLogError({message:a+c+" : "+b,logLevel:v,stack:"N/A"},{attribution:e}),m[b]=1,p++)}function e(a,c){if(a&&c)for(var b=0;b<a.length;b++)try{c(a[b])}catch(d){}}function q(){return d.performance&&d.performance.getEntriesByType? d.performance.getEntriesByType("resource"):[]}function n(a){if(a.id)return"//*[@id='"+a.id+"']";var c;c=1;var b;for(b=a.previousSibling;b;b=b.previousSibling)b.nodeName==a.nodeName&&(c+=1);b=a.nodeName;1!=c&&(b+="["+c+"]");a.parentNode&&(b=n(a.parentNode)+"/"+b);return b}function w(){var a=h.images;a&&a.length&&e(a,function(a){var b=a.getAttribute("src");f(b,"img",a);g(b,"img",a)})}function x(){var a=h.scripts;a&&a.length&&e(a,function(a){var b=a.getAttribute("src");f(b,"script",a);g(b,"script",a)})} function y(){var a=h.styleSheets;a&&a.length&&e(a,function(a){if(a=a.ownerNode){var b=a.getAttribute("href");f(b,"style",a);g(b,"style",a)}})}function z(){if(A){var a=q();e(a,function(a){f(a.name,a.initiatorType)})}}function B(){e(q(),function(a){g(a.name,a.initiatorType)})}function r(){var a;a=d.location&&d.location.protocol?d.location.protocol:void 0;"https:"==a&&(z(),w(),x(),y(),B(),p<C&&setTimeout(r,D))}var s="[CSM] Insecure content detected ",t="[CSM] Ajax request to same page detected ",v="WARN", m={},p=0,D=k.ue_nsip||1E3,C=5,A=1==k.ue_urt,u=!0;ue_csm.ue_disableNonSecure||(d.performance&&d.performance.setResourceTimingBufferSize&&d.performance.setResourceTimingBufferSize(300),r())})(ue_csm,window,document); var ue_aa_a = ""; if (ue.trigger && (ue_aa_a === "C" || ue_aa_a === "T1")) { ue.trigger("UEDATA_AA_SERVERSIDE_ASSIGNMENT_CLIENTSIDE_TRIGGER_190249", ue_aa_a); } (function(f,b){function g(){try{b.PerformanceObserver&&"function"===typeof b.PerformanceObserver&&(a=new b.PerformanceObserver(function(b){c(b.getEntries())}),a.observe(d))}catch(h){k()}}function m(){for(var h=d.entryTypes,a=0;a<h.length;a++)c(b.performance.getEntriesByType(h[a]))}function c(a){if(a&&Array.isArray(a)){for(var c=0,e=0;e<a.length;e++){var d=l.indexOf(a[e].name);if(-1!==d){var g=Math.round(b.performance.timing.navigationStart+a[e].startTime);f.uet(n[d],void 0,void 0,g);c++}}l.length=== c&&k()}}function k(){a&&a.disconnect&&"function"===typeof a.disconnect&&a.disconnect()}if("function"===typeof f.uet&&b.performance&&"object"===typeof b.performance&&b.performance.getEntriesByType&&"function"===typeof b.performance.getEntriesByType&&b.performance.timing&&"object"===typeof b.performance.timing&&"number"===typeof b.performance.timing.navigationStart){var d={entryTypes:["paint"]},l=["first-paint","first-contentful-paint"],n=["fp","fcp"],a;try{m(),g()}catch(p){f.ueLogError(p,{logLevel:"ERROR", attribution:"performanceMetrics"})}}})(ue_csm,window); if (window.csa) { csa("Events")("setEntity", { page:{pageType: "JellyfishSellDotTenant", subPageType: "JellyfishSellDot", pageTypeId: ""} }); } csa.plugin(function(c){var m="transitionStart",n="pageVisible",e="PageTiming",t="visibilitychange",s="$latency.visible",i=c.global,r=(i.performance||{}).timing,a=["navigationStart","unloadEventStart","unloadEventEnd","redirectStart","redirectEnd","fetchStart","domainLookupStart","domainLookupEnd","connectStart","connectEnd","secureConnectionStart","requestStart","responseStart","responseEnd","domLoading","domInteractive","domContentLoadedEventStart","domContentLoadedEventEnd","domComplete","loadEventStart","loadEventEnd"],u=c.config,o=i.Math,l=o.max,g=o.floor,d=i.document||{},f=(r||{}).navigationStart,v=f,p=0,S=null;if(i.Object.keys&&[].forEach&&!u["KillSwitch."+e]){if(!r||null===f||f<=0||void 0===f)return c.error("Invalid navigation timing data: "+f);S=new E({schemaId:"<ns>.PageLatency.6",producerId:"csa"}),"boolean"!=typeof d.hidden&&"string"!=typeof d.visibilityState||!d.removeEventListener?c.emit(s):b()?(c.emit(s),I(n,f)):c.on(d,t,function e(){b()&&(v=c.time(),d.removeEventListener(t,e),I(m,v),I(n,v),c.emit(s))}),c.once("$unload",h),c.once("$load",h),c.on("$pageTransition",function(){v=c.time()}),c.register(e,{mark:I,instance:function(e){return new E(e)}})}function E(e){var i,r=null,a=e.ent||{page:["pageType","subPageType","requestId"]},o=e.logger||c("Events",{producerId:e.producerId,lob:u.lob||"0"});if(!e||!e.producerId||!e.schemaId)return c.error("The producer id and schema Id must be defined for PageLatencyInstance.");function d(){return i||v}function n(){r=c.UUID()}this.mark=function(n,t){if(null!=n)return t=t||c.time(),n===m&&(i=t),c.once(s,function(){o("log",{messageId:r,__merge:function(e){e.markers[n]=function(e,n){return l(0,n-(e||v))}(d(),t),e.markerTimestamps[n]=g(t)},markers:{},markerTimestamps:{},navigationStartTimestamp:d()?new Date(d()).toISOString():null,schemaId:e.schemaId},{ent:a})}),t},n(),c.on("$beforePageTransition",n)}function I(e,n){e===m&&(v=n);var t=S.mark(e,n);c.emit("$timing:"+e,t)}function h(){if(!p){for(var e=0;e<a.length;e++)r[a[e]]&&I(a[e],r[a[e]]);p=1}}function b(){return!d.hidden||"visible"===d.visibilityState}});csa.plugin(function(u){var f,c,l="length",a="parentElement",t="target",i="getEntriesByName",e="perf",n=null,r="_csa_flt",o="_csa_llt",s="previousSibling",d="visuallyLoaded",g="client",h="offset",m="scroll",p="Width",v="Height",y=g+p,E=g+v,S=h+p,b=h+v,x=m+p,O=m+v,_="_osrc",w="_elt",L="_eid",T=10,I=5,N=15,k=100,B=u.global,H=u.timeout,W=B.Math,Y=W.max,C=W.floor,F=W.ceil,M=B.document||{},R=M.body||{},V=M.documentElement||{},$=B.performance||{},P=($.timing||{}).navigationStart,X=Date.now,D=Object.values||(u.types||{}).ovl,J=u("PageTiming"),j=u("SpeedIndexBuffers"),q=[],Q=[],U=[],z=[],A=[],G=[],K=.1,Z=.1,ee=0,ne=0,te=!0,ie=0,re=0,oe=1==u.config["SpeedIndex.ForceReplay"],ae=0,fe=1,ue=0,ce={},le=[],se=0,de={buffered:1};function ge(e){u.global.ue_csa_ss_tag||u.emit("$csmTag:"+e,0,de)}function he(){for(var e=X(),n=0;f;){if(0!==f[l]){if(!1!==f.h(f[0])&&f.shift(),n++,!oe&&n%T==0&&X()-e>I)break}else f=f.n}ee=0,f&&(ee||(!0===M.hidden?(oe=1,he()):u.timeout(he,0)))}function me(e,n,t,i,r){ue=C(e),q=n,Q=t,U=i,G=r;var o=M.createTreeWalker(M.body,NodeFilter.SHOW_TEXT,null,null),a={w:B.innerWidth,h:B.innerHeight,x:B.pageXOffset,y:B.pageYOffset};M.body[w]=e,z.push({w:o,vp:a}),A.push({img:M.images,iter:0}),q.h=pe,(q.n=Q).h=ve,(Q.n=U).h=ye,(U.n=z).h=Ee,(z.n=A).h=Se,(A.n=G).h=be,f=q,he()}function pe(e){e.m.forEach(function(e){for(var n=e;n&&(e===n||!n[r]||!n[o]);)n[r]||(n[r]=e[r]),n[o]||(n[o]=e[o]),n[w]=n[r]-P,n=n[s]})}function ve(e){e.m.forEach(function(e){var n=e[t];_ in n||(n[_]=e.oldValue)})}function ye(n){n.m.forEach(function(e){e[t][w]=n.t-P})}function Ee(e){for(var n,t=e.vp,i=e.w,r=T;(n=i.nextNode())&&0<r;){r-=1;var o=(n[a]||{}).nodeName;"SCRIPT"!==o&&"STYLE"!==o&&"NOSCRIPT"!==o&&"BODY"!==o&&0!==(n.nodeValue||"").trim()[l]&&Le(n[a],xe(n),t)}return!n}function Se(e){for(var n={w:B.innerWidth,h:B.innerHeight,x:B.pageXOffset,y:B.pageYOffset},t=T;e.iter<e.img[l]&&0<t;){var i,r=e.img[e.iter],o=we(r),a=o&&xe(o)||xe(r);o?(o[w]=a,i=_e(o.querySelector('[aria-posinset="1"] img')||r)||a,r=o):i=_e(r)||a,re&&c<i&&(i=a),Le(r,i,n),e.iter+=1,t-=1}return e.img[l]<=e.iter}function be(e){var n=[],i=0,r=0,o=ne,t=B.innerHeight||Y(R[O]||0,R[b]||0,V[E]||0,V[O]||0,V[b]||0),a=C(e.y/k),f=F((e.y+t)/k);le.slice(a,f).forEach(function(e){(e.elems||[]).forEach(function(e){e.lt in n||(n[e.lt]={}),e.id in n[e.lt]||(i+=(n[e.lt][e.id]=e).a)})}),ge("startVL"),D(n).forEach(function(e){D(e).forEach(function(e){var n=1-r/i,t=Y(e.lt,o);se+=n*(t-o),o=t,function(e,n){var t;for(;K<=1&&K-.01<=e;)Te(d+(t=(100*K).toFixed(0)),n.lt),"50"!==t&&"90"!==t||u("Content",{target:n.e})("mark",d+t,P+F(n.lt||0)),K+=Z}((r+=e.a)/i,e)})}),ge("endVL"),ne=e.t-P,G[l]<=1&&(Te("speedIndex",se),Te(d+"0",ue)),te&&(te=!1,Te("atfSpeedIndex",se))}function xe(e){for(var n=e[a],t=N;n&&0<t;){if(n[w]||0===n[w])return Y(n[w],ue);n=n.parentElement,t-=1}}function Oe(e,n){if(e){if(!e.indexOf("data:"))return xe(n);var t=$[i](e)||[];if(0<t[l])return Y(F(t[0].responseEnd||0),ue)}}function _e(e){return Oe(e[_],e)||Oe(e.currentSrc,e)||Oe(e.src,e)}function we(e){for(var n=10,t=e.parentElement;t&&0<n;){if(t.classList&&t.classList.contains("a-carousel-viewport"))return t;t=t.parentElement,n-=1}return null}function Le(e,n,t){if((n||0===n)&&!e[L]){var i=e.getBoundingClientRect(),r=i.width*i.height,o=t.w||Y(R[x]||0,R[S]||0,V[y]||0,V[x]||0,V[S]||0)||i.right,a=i.width/2,f=fe++;if(0!=r&&!(a<i.right-o||i.right<a)){for(var u={e:e,lt:n,a:r,id:f},c=C((i.top+t.y)/k),l=F((i.top+t.y+i.height)/k),s=c;s<=l;s++)s in le||(le[s]={elems:[],lt:0}),le[s].elems.push(u);e[L]=f}}}function Te(e,n){J("mark",e,P+F((ce[e]=n)||0))}function Ie(e){ae||(ge("browserQuite"+e),j("getBuffers",me),ae=1)}P&&D&&$[i]?(ge(e+"Yes"),j("registerListener",function(){re&&(clearTimeout(ie),ie=H(Ie.bind(n,"Mut"),2500))}),u.once("$unload",function(){oe=1,Ie("Ud")}),u.once("$load",function(){re=1,c=X()-P,ie=H(Ie.bind(n,"Ld"),2500)}),u.once("$timing:functional",Ie.bind(n,"Fn")),j("replayModuleIsLive"),u.register("SpeedIndex",{getMarkers:function(e){e&&e(JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(ce)))}})):ge(e+"No")});csa.plugin(function(e){var m=!!e.config["LCP.elementDedup"],t=!1,n=e("PageTiming"),r=e.global.PerformanceObserver,a=e.global.performance;function i(){return a.timing.navigationStart}function o(){t||function(o){var l=new r(function(e){var t=e.getEntries();if(0!==t.length){var n=t[t.length-1];if(m&&""!==n.id&&n.element&&"IMG"===n.element.tagName){for(var r={},a=t[0],i=0;i<t.length;i++)t[i].id in r||(""!==t[i].id&&(r[t[i].id]=!0),a.startTime<t[i].startTime&&(a=t[i]));n=a}l.disconnect(),o({startTime:n.startTime,renderTime:n.renderTime,loadTime:n.loadTime})}});try{l.observe({type:"largest-contentful-paint",buffered:!0})}catch(e){}}(function(e){e&&(t=!0,n("mark","largestContentfulPaint",Math.floor(e.startTime+i())),e.renderTime&&n("mark","largestContentfulPaint.render",Math.floor(e.renderTime+i())),e.loadTime&&n("mark","largestContentfulPaint.load",Math.floor(e.loadTime+i())))})}r&&a&&a.timing&&(e.once("$unload",o),e.once("$load",o),e.register("LargestContentfulPaint",{}))});csa.plugin(function(r){var e=r("Metrics",{producerId:"csa"}),n=r.global.PerformanceObserver;n&&(n=new n(function(r){var t=r.getEntries();if(0===t.length||!t[0].processingStart||!t[0].startTime)return;!function(r){r=r||0,n.disconnect(),0<=r?e("recordMetric","firstInputDelay",r):e("recordMetric","firstInputDelay.invalid",1)}(t[0].processingStart-t[0].startTime)}),function(){try{n.observe({type:"first-input",buffered:!0})}catch(r){}}())});csa.plugin(function(d){var e="Metrics",g=d.config,f=0;function r(i){var c,t,e=i.producerId,r=i.logger,o=r||d("Events",{producerId:e,lob:g.lob||"0"}),s=(i||{}).dimensions||{},u={},n=-1;if(!e&&!r)return d.error("Either a producer id or custom logger must be defined");function a(){n!==f&&(c=d.UUID(),t=d.UUID(),u={},n=f)}this.recordMetric=function(r,n){var e=i.logOptions||{ent:{page:["pageType","subPageType","requestId"]}};e.debugMetric=i.debugMetric,a(),o("log",{messageId:c,schemaId:i.schemaId||"<ns>.Metric.4",metrics:{},dimensions:s,__merge:function(e){e.metrics[r]=n}},e)},this.recordCounter=function(r,e){var n=i.logOptions||{ent:{page:["pageType","subPageType","requestId"]}};if("string"!=typeof r||"number"!=typeof e||!isFinite(e))return d.error("Invalid type given for counter name or counter value: "+r+"/"+e);a(),r in u||(u[r]={});var c=u[r];"f"in c||(c.f=e),c.c=(c.c||0)+1,c.s=(c.s||0)+e,c.l=e,o("log",{messageId:t,schemaId:i.schemaId||"<ns>.InternalCounters.3",c:{},__merge:function(e){r in e.c||(e.c[r]={}),c.fs||(c.fs=1,e.c[r].f=c.f),1<c.c&&(e.c[r].s=c.s,e.c[r].l=c.l,e.c[r].c=c.c)}},n)}}g["KillSwitch."+e]||(new r({producerId:"csa"}).recordMetric("baselineMetricEvent",1),d.on("$beforePageTransition",function(){f++}),d.register(e,{instance:function(e){return new r(e||{})}}))});csa.plugin(function(s){var n=s.config,r=(s.global.performance||{}).timing,c=(r||{}).navigationStart||s.time(),g=0;function e(){g+=1}function i(i){i=i||{};var o=s.UUID(),t=g,r=i.producerId,e=i.logger,a=e||s("Events",{producerId:r,lob:n.lob||"0"});if(!r&&!e)return s.error("Either a producer id or custom logger must be defined");this.mark=function(e,r){var n=(void 0===r?s.time():r)-c;t!==g&&(t=g,o=s.UUID()),a("log",{messageId:o,schemaId:i.schemaId||"<ns>.Timer.1",markers:{},__merge:function(r){r.markers[e]=n}},i.logOptions)}}r&&(e(),s.on("$beforePageTransition",e),s.register("Timers",{instance:function(r){return new i(r||{})}}))});csa.plugin(function(t){var e="takeRecords",i="disconnect",n="function",o=t("Metrics",{producerId:"csa"}),c=t("PageTiming"),a=t.global,u=t.timeout,r=t.on,f=a.PerformanceObserver,m=0,l=!1,s=0,d=a.performance,h=a.document,v=null,y=!1,g=t.blank;function p(){l||(l=!0,clearTimeout(v),typeof f[e]===n&&f[e](),typeof f[i]===n&&f[i](),o("recordMetric","documentCumulativeLayoutShift",m),c("mark","cumulativeLayoutShiftLastTimestamp",Math.floor(s+d.timing.navigationStart)))}f&&d&&d.timing&&h&&(f=new f(function(t){v&&clearTimeout(v);t.getEntries().forEach(function(t){t.hadRecentInput||(m+=t.value,s<t.startTime&&(s=t.startTime))}),v=u(p,5e3)}),function(){try{f.observe({type:"layout-shift",buffered:!0}),v=u(p,5e3)}catch(t){}}(),g=r(h,"click",function(t){y||(y=!0,o("recordMetric","documentCumulativeLayoutShiftToFirstInput",m),g())}),r(h,"visibilitychange",function(){"hidden"===h.visibilityState&&p()}),t.once("$unload",p))});csa.plugin(function(e){var t,n=e.global,r=n.PerformanceObserver,c=e("Metrics",{producerId:"csa"}),o=0,i=0,a=-1,l=n.Math,f=l.max,u=l.ceil;if(r){t=new r(function(e){e.getEntries().forEach(function(e){var t=e.duration;o+=t,i+=t,a=f(t,a)})});try{t.observe({type:"longtask",buffered:!0})}catch(e){}t=new r(function(e){0<e.getEntries().length&&(i=0,a=-1)});try{t.observe({type:"largest-contentful-paint",buffered:!0})}catch(e){}e.on("$unload",g),e.on("$beforePageTransition",g)}function g(){c("recordMetric","totalBlockingTime",u(i||0)),c("recordMetric","totalBlockingTimeInclLCP",u(o||0)),c("recordMetric","maxBlockingTime",u(a||0)),i=o=0,a=-1}});csa.plugin(function(o){var e="CacheDetection",r="csa-ctoken-",c=o.store,t=o.deleteStored,n=o.config,i=n[e+".RequestID"],a=n[e+".Callback"],s=o.global,u=s.document||{},d=s.Date,l=o("Events"),f=o("Events",{producerId:"csa",lob:n.lob||"0"});function p(e){try{var c=u.cookie.match(RegExp("(^| )"+e+"=([^;]+)"));return c&&c[2].trim()}catch(e){}}n["KillSwitch."+e]||(function(){var e=function(){var e=p("cdn-rid");if(e)return{r:e,s:"cdn"}}()||function(){if(o.store(r+i))return{r:o.UUID().toUpperCase().replace(/-/g,"").slice(0,20),s:"device"}}()||{},c=e.r,n=e.s;if(!!c){var t=p("session-id");!function(e,c,n,t){l("setEntity",{page:{pageSource:"cache",requestId:e,cacheRequestId:i,cacheSource:t},session:{id:n}})}(c,0,t,n),"device"===n&&f("log",{schemaId:"<ns>.CacheImpression.2"},{ent:"all"}),a&&a(c,t,n)}}(),c(r+i,d.now()+36e5),o.once("$load",function(){var n=d.now();t(function(e,c){return 0==e.indexOf(r)&&parseInt(c)<n})}))});csa.plugin(function(u){var i,t="Content",e="MutationObserver",n="addedNodes",a="querySelectorAll",f="matches",r="getAttributeNames",o="getAttribute",s="dataset",c="widget",l="producerId",d="slotId",h="iSlotId",g={ent:{element:1,page:["pageType","subPageType","requestId"]}},p=5,m=u.config[t+".BubbleUp.SearchDepth"]||35,y=u.config[t+".SearchPage"]||0,v="csaC",b=v+"Id",E="logRender",w={},I=u.config,O=I[t+".Selectors"]||[],C=I[t+".WhitelistedAttributes"]||{href:1,class:1},N=I[t+".EnableContentEntities"],S=I["KillSwitch.ContentRendered"],k=u.global,A=k.document||{},U=A.documentElement,L=k.HTMLElement,R={},_=[],j=function(t,e,n,i){var o=this,r=u("Events",{producerId:t||"csa",lob:I.lob||"0"});e.type=e.type||c,o.id=e.id,o.l=r,o.e=e,o.el=n,o.rt=i,o.dlo=g,o.op=W(n,"csaOp"),o.log=function(t,e){r("log",t,e||g)},o.entities=function(t){t(e)},e.id&&r("setEntity",{element:e})},x=j.prototype;function D(t){var e=(t=t||{}).element,n=t.target;return e?function(t,e){var n;n=t instanceof L?K(t)||Y(e[l],t,z,u.time()):R[t.id]||H(e[l],0,t,u.time());return n}(e,t):n?M(n):u.error("No element or target argument provided.")}function M(t){var e=function(t){var e=null,n=0;for(;t&&n<m;){if(n++,P(t,b)){e=t;break}t=t.parentElement}return e}(t);return e?K(e):new j("csa",{id:null},null,u.time())}function P(t,e){if(t&&t.dataset)return t.dataset[e]}function T(t,e,n){_.push({n:n,e:t,t:e}),B()}function q(){for(var t=u.time(),e=0;0<_.length;){var n=_.shift();if(w[n.n](n.e,n.t),++e%10==0&&u.time()-t>p)break}i=0,_.length&&B()}function B(){i=i||u.raf(q)}function X(t,e,n){return{n:t,e:e,t:n}}function Y(t,e,n,i){var o=u.UUID(),r={id:o},c=M(e);return e[s][b]=o,n(r,e),c&&c.id&&(r.parentId=c.id),H(t,e,r,i)}function $(t){return isNaN(t)?null:Math.round(t)}function H(t,e,n,i){N&&(n.schemaId="<ns>.ContentEntity.2"),n.id=n.id||u.UUID();var o=new j(t,n,e,i);return function(t){return!S&&((t.op||{}).hasOwnProperty(E)||y)}(o)&&function(t,e){var n={},i=u.exec($);t.el&&(n=t.el.getBoundingClientRect()),t.log({schemaId:"<ns>.ContentRender.3",timestamp:e,width:i(n.width),height:i(n.height),positionX:i(n.left+k.pageXOffset),positionY:i(n.top+k.pageYOffset)})}(o,i),u.emit("$content.register",o),R[n.id]=o}function K(t){return R[(t[s]||{})[b]]}function W(n,i){var o={};return r in(n=n||{})&&Object.keys(n[s]).forEach(function(t){if(!t.indexOf(i)&&i.length<t.length){var e=function(t){return(t[0]||"").toLowerCase()+t.slice(1)}(t.slice(i.length));o[e]=n[s][t]}}),o}function z(t,e){r in e&&(function(t,e){var n=W(t,v);Object.keys(n).forEach(function(t){e[t]=n[t]})}(e,t),d in t&&(t[h]=t[d]),function(e,n){(e[r]()||[]).forEach(function(t){t in C&&(n[t]=e[o](t))})}(e,t))}U&&A[a]&&k[e]&&(O.push({selector:"*[data-csa-c-type]",entity:z}),O.push({selector:".celwidget",entity:function(t,e){z(t,e),t[d]=t[d]||e[o]("cel_widget_id")||e.id,t.legacyId=e[o]("cel_widget_id")||e.id,t.type=t.type||c}}),w[1]=function(t,e){t.forEach(function(t){t[n]&&t[n].constructor&&"NodeList"===t[n].constructor.name&&Array.prototype.forEach.call(t[n],function(t){_.unshift(X(2,t,e))})})},w[2]=function(r,c){a in r&&f in r&&O.forEach(function(t){for(var e=t.selector,n=r[f](e),i=r[a](e),o=i.length-1;0<=o;o--)_.unshift(X(3,{e:i[o],s:t},c));n&&_.unshift(X(3,{e:r,s:t},c))})},w[3]=function(t,e){var n=t.e;K(n)||Y("csa",n,t.s.entity,e)},w[4]=function(){u.register(t,{instance:D})},new k[e](function(t){T(t,u.time(),1)}).observe(U,{childList:!0,subtree:!0}),T(U,u.time(),2),T(null,u.time(),4),u.on("$content.export",function(e){Object.keys(e).forEach(function(t){x[t]=e[t]})}))});csa.plugin(function(o){var i,t="ContentImpressions",e="KillSwitch.",n="IntersectionObserver",r="getAttribute",s="dataset",c="intersectionRatio",a="csaCId",m=1e3,l=o.global,f=o.config,u=f[e+t],v=f[e+t+".ContentViews"],g=((l.performance||{}).timing||{}).navigationStart||o.time(),d={};function h(t){t&&(t.v=1,function(t){t.vt=o.time(),t.el.log({schemaId:"<ns>.ContentView.4",timeToViewed:t.vt-t.el.rt,pageFirstPaintToElementViewed:t.vt-g})}(t))}function I(t){t&&!t.it&&(t.i=o.time()-t.is>m,function(t){t.it=o.time(),t.el.log({schemaId:"<ns>.ContentImpressed.3",timeToImpressed:t.it-t.el.rt,pageFirstPaintToElementImpressed:t.it-g})}(t))}!u&&l[n]&&(i=new l[n](function(t){var n=o.time();t.forEach(function(t){var e=function(t){if(t&&t[r])return d[t[s][a]]}(t.target);if(e){o.emit("$content.intersection",{meta:e.el,t:n,e:t});var i=t.intersectionRect;t.isIntersecting&&0<i.width&&0<i.height&&(v||e.v||h(e),.5<=t[c]&&!e.is&&(e.is=n,e.timer=o.timeout(function(){I(e)},m))),t[c]<.5&&!e.it&&e.timer&&(l.clearTimeout(e.timer),e.is=0,e.timer=0)}})},{threshold:[0,.5,.99]}),o.on("$content.register",function(t){var e=t.el;e&&(d[t.id]={el:t,v:0,i:0,is:0,vt:0,it:0},i.observe(e))}))});csa.plugin(function(e){e.config["KillSwitch.ContentLatency"]||e.emit("$content.export",{mark:function(t,n){var o=this;o.t||(o.t=e("Timers",{logger:o.l,schemaId:"<ns>.ContentLatency.4",logOptions:o.dlo})),o.t("mark",t,n)}})});csa.plugin(function(t){function n(i,e,o){var c={};function r(t,n,e){t in c&&o<=n-c[t].s&&(function(n,e,i){if(!p)return;E(function(t){T(n,t),t.w[n][e]=a((t.w[n][e]||0)+i)})}(t,i,n-c[t].d),c[t].d=n),e||delete c[t]}this.update=function(t,n){n.isIntersecting&&e<=n.intersectionRatio?function(t,n){t in c||(c[t]={s:n,d:n})}(t,u()):r(t,u())},this.stopAll=function(t){var n=u();for(var e in c)r(e,n,t)},this.reset=function(){var t=u();for(var n in c)c[n].s=t,c[n].d=t}}var e=t.config,u=t.time,i="ContentInteractionsSummary",o=e[i+".FlushInterval"]||5e3,c=e[i+".FlushBackoff"]||1.5,r=t.global,s=t.on,a=Math.floor,f=(r.document||{}).documentElement||{},l=((r.performance||{}).timing||{}).responseStart||t.time(),d=o,m=0,p=!0,v=t.UUID(),g=t("Events",{producerId:"csa",lob:e.lob||"0"}),w=new n("it0",0,0),I=new n("it50",.5,1e3),h=new n("it100",.99,0),b={},A={};function $(){w.stopAll(!0),I.stopAll(!0),h.stopAll(!0),S()}function C(){w.reset(),I.reset(),h.reset(),S()}function S(){d&&(clearTimeout(m),m=t.timeout($,d),d*=c)}function U(n){E(function(t){T(n,t),t.w[n].mc=(t.w[n].mc||0)+1})}function E(t){g("log",{messageId:v,schemaId:"<ns>.ContentInteractionsSummary.2",w:{},__merge:t},{ent:{page:["requestId"]}})}function T(t,n){t in n.w||(n.w[t]={})}e["KillSwitch."+i]||(s("$content.intersection",function(t){if(t&&t.meta&&t.e){var n=t.meta.id;if(n in b){var e=t.e.boundingClientRect||{};e.width<5||e.height<5||(w.update(n,t.e),I.update(n,t.e),h.update(n,t.e),!t.e.isIntersecting||n in A||(A[n]=1,function(n,e){E(function(t){T(n,t),t.w[n].ttfv=a(e)})}(n,u()-l)))}}}),s("$content.register",function(t){(t.e||{}).slotId&&(b[t.id]={},function(e){E(function(t){var n=e.id;T(n,t),t.w[n].sid=(e.e||{}).slotId,t.w[n].cid=(e.e||{}).contentId})}(t))}),s("$beforePageTransition",function(){$(),C(),v=t.UUID(),S()}),s("$beforeunload",function(){w.stopAll(),I.stopAll(),h.stopAll(),d=null}),s("$visible",function(t){t?C():($(),clearTimeout(m)),p=t},{buffered:1}),s(f,"click",function(t){for(var n=t.target,e=25;n&&0<e;){var i=(n.dataset||{}).csaCId;i&&U(i),n=n.parentElement,e-=1}},{capture:!0,passive:!0}),S())});csa.plugin(function(d){var t,o,e="normal",c="reload",i="history",s="new-tab",n="ajax",r=1,a=2,u="lastActive",l="lastInteraction",f="used",p="csa-tabbed-browsing",y="visibilityState",g="page",v="experience",b="request",I="initialized",m={"back-memory-cache":1,"tab-switch":1,"history-navigation-page-cache":1},h="TabbedBrowsing",T="<ns>."+h+".4",S="visible",w=d.global,x=d.config,P=d("Events",{producerId:"csa",lob:x.lob||"0"}),q=w.location||{},z=w.document,A=w.JSON,C=((w.performance||{}).navigation||{}).type,E=d.store,O=d.on,$=d.storageSupport(),k=!1,R={},j={},B={},J={},K={},M=!1,N=!1,D=!1,F=0,G=x["CSA.isRunningInsideMShop"];function H(e){try{return A.parse(E(p,void 0,{session:e})||"{}")||{}}catch(e){d.error('Could not parse storage value for key "'+p+'": '+e)}return{}}function L(e,i){E(p,A.stringify(i||{}),{session:e})}function Q(e){var i=j.tid||e.id,t={},n=R[u]||{};for(var r in n)n.hasOwnProperty(r)&&(t[r]=n[r]);!G&&t.tid!==i||(t.tid=i,t.pid=e.id,t.ent=K),J={pid:e.id,tid:i,ent:K,lastInteraction:j[l]||{},initialized:!0},B={lastActive:t,lastInteraction:R[l]||{},time:d.time(),initialized:!0}}function U(e){var i=e===s,t=z.referrer,n=!(t&&t.length)||!~t.indexOf(q.origin||""),r=i&&!G&&n,a={type:e,toTabId:J.tid,toPageId:J.pid,transitTime:d.time()-R.time||null};r||function(e,i,t){var n=e===c,r=i||G&&!(j[I]&&j.ent)?R[u]||{}:j,a=R[l]||{},d=j[l]||{},o=i||G&&!(d.id&&!d[f])?a:d;t.fromTabId=r.tid,t.fromPageId=r.pid;var s=r.ent||{};s.rid&&(t.fromRequestId=s.rid||null),s.ety&&(t.fromExperienceType=s.ety||null),s.esty&&(t.fromExperienceSubType=s.esty||null),n||!o.id||o[f]||(t.interactionId=o.id||null,o.sid&&(t.interactionSlotId=o.sid||null),a.id===o.id&&(a[f]=!0),d.id===o.id&&(d[f]=!0))}(e,i,a),P("log",{navigation:a,schemaId:T},{ent:{page:["pageType","subPageType","requestId"]}})}function V(e){D=function(e){return e&&e in m}(e.transitionType),function(){R=H(!1),j=H(!0);var e=R[l],i=j[l],t=!1,n=!1;e&&i&&e.id===i.id&&e[f]!==i[f]&&(t=!e[f],n=!i[f],i[f]=e[f]=!0,t&&L(!1,R),n&&L(!0,j))}(),Q(e),M=!0,function(e){var i,t;i=X(),t=Z(!0),(i||t)&&Q(e)}(e),F=1}function W(){k&&!D?U(n):(k=!0,function(){if(C===a||D)U(i);else if(C===r)U(j[I]?c:s);else{U(j[I]||G&&R[I]?e:s)}}())}function X(){var e=t,i={};return!!(M&&e&&e.e&&e.w)&&(e.w("entities",function(e){i=e||{}}),j[l]={id:e.e.messageId,sid:i.slotId,used:!(R[l]={id:e.e.messageId,sid:i.slotId,used:!1})},!(t=null))}function Y(e,i,t,n){var r=!1,a=e[u];return N?(!a||a.tid!==J.tid||!a[S]||a.pid!==t||!a.ent&&n||n&&function(e,i){var t=e||{},n=i||{};return t.rid!==n.rid||t.ety!==n.ety||t.esty!==n.esty}(a.ent,n))&&(e[u]={visible:!0,pid:t,tid:i,ent:n},r=!0):!G&&a&&a.tid===J.tid&&a[S]&&(r=!(a[S]=!1)),r}function Z(e){var i=!1;if(N=G&&e||z[y]===S,M){var t=R[u]||{};i=Y(R,j.tid||t.tid||J.tid,j.pid||t.pid||J.pid,j.ent||t.ent||J.ent)}return i}x["KillSwitch."+h]||$.local&&$.session&&A&&z&&y in z&&(o=function(){try{return w.self!==w.top}catch(e){return!0}}(),O("$entities.set",function(e){if(!o&&e){var i=(e[b]||{}).id||(e[g]||{}).requestId,t=(e[v]||{}).experienceType||(e[g]||{}).pageType,n=(e[v]||{}).experienceSubType||(e[g]||{}).subPageType,r=!K.rid&&i||!K.ety&&t||!K.esty&&n;if(K.rid=K.rid||i,K.ety=K.ety||t,K.esty=K.esty||n,r&&F){var a=R[u]||{};a.tid===j.tid&&(a.ent=K,L(!1,R)),j.ent=K,L(!0,j)}}},{buffered:1}),O("$pageChange",function(e){o||(V(e),W(),L(!1,B),L(!0,J),j=J,R=B)},{buffered:1}),O("$content.interaction",function(e){t=e,X()&&(L(!1,R),L(!0,j))}),O(z,"visibilitychange",function(){!o&&Z()&&L(!1,R)},{capture:!1,passive:!0}))});csa.plugin(function(c){var e=c("Metrics",{producerId:"csa"});c.on(c.global,"pageshow",function(c){c&&c.persisted&&e("recordMetric","bfCache",1)})});csa.plugin(function(n){var e,t,i,o,r,a,c,u,f,s,l,d,p,g,m,v,h,b,y="hasFocus",S="$app.",T="avail",$="client",w="document",I="inner",P="offset",D="screen",C="scroll",E="Width",F="Height",O=T+E,q=T+F,x=$+E,z=$+F,H=I+E,K=I+F,M=P+E,W=P+F,X=C+E,Y=C+F,j="up",k="down",A="none",B=20,G=n.config,J=G["KillSwitch.PageInteractionsSummary"],L=n("Events",{producerId:"csa",lob:G.lob||"0"}),N=1,Q=n.global||{},R=n.time,U=n.on,V=n.once,Z=Q[w]||{},_=Q[D]||{},nn=Q.Math||{},en=nn.abs,tn=nn.max,on=nn.ceil,rn=((Q.performance||{}).timing||{}).responseStart,an=function(){return Z[y]()},cn=1,un=100,fn={},sn=1,ln=0,dn=0,pn=k,gn=A;function mn(){c=t=o=r=e,i=d=0,a=u=f=s=l=0,pn=k,gn=A,dn=ln=0,yn(),bn()}function vn(){rn&&!o&&(c=on((o=p)-rn),sn=1)}function hn(){var n=m-i;(!t||t&&t<=p)&&(n&&(++a,sn=dn=1),i=m,n),function(){if(gn=d<m?k:j,pn!==gn){var n=en(m-d);B<n&&(++l,ln&&!dn&&++a,pn=gn,sn=ln=1,d=m,dn=0)}else dn=0,d=m}(),t=p+un}function bn(){u=on(tn(u,m+b)),g&&(f=on(tn(f,g+h))),sn=1}function yn(){p=R(),g=en(Q.pageXOffset||0),m=tn(Q.pageYOffset||0,0),v=0<g||0<m,h=Q[H]||0,b=Q[K]||0}function Sn(){yn(),vn(),hn(),bn()}function Tn(){if(r){var n=on(R()-r);s+=n,r=e,sn=0<n}}function $n(){r=r||R()}function wn(n,e,t,i){e[n+E]=on(t||0),e[n+F]=on(i||0)}function In(n){var e=n===fn,t=an();if(t||sn){if(!e){if(!N)return;N=0,t&&Tn()}var i=function(){var n={},e=Z.documentElement||{},t=Z.body||{};return wn("availableScreen",n,_[O],_[q]),wn(w,n,tn(t[X]||0,t[M]||0,e[x]||0,e[X]||0,e[M]||0),tn(t[Y]||0,t[W]||0,e[z]||0,e[Y]||0,e[W]||0)),wn(D,n,_.width,_.height),wn("viewport",n,Q[H],Q[K]),n}(),o=function(){var n={scrollCounts:a,reachedDepth:u,horizontalScrollDistance:f,dwellTime:s,vScrollDirChanges:l};return"number"==typeof c&&(n.clientTimeToFirstScroll=c),n}();e?sn=0:(mn(),rn=R(),t&&(r=rn)),L("log",{activity:o,dimensions:i,schemaId:"<ns>.PageInteractionsSummary.3"},{ent:{page:["pageType","subPageType","requestId"]}})}}function Pn(){Tn(),In(fn)}function Dn(n,e){return function(){cn=e,n()}}function Cn(){an=function(){return cn},cn&&!r&&(r=R())}"function"!=typeof Z[y]||J||(mn(),v&&vn(),U(Q,C,Sn,{passive:!0}),U(Q,"blur",Pn),U(Q,"focus",Dn($n,1)),V(S+"android",Cn),V(S+"ios",Cn),U(S+"pause",Dn(Pn,0)),U(S+"resume",Dn($n,1)),U(S+"resign",Dn(Pn,0)),U(S+"active",Dn($n,1)),an()&&(r=rn||R()),V("$beforeunload",In),U("$beforeunload",In),U("$document.hidden",Pn),U("$beforePageTransition",In),U("$afterPageTransition",function(){sn=N=1}))});csa.plugin(function(e){var o,n,r="Navigator",a="<ns>."+r+".5",i=e.global,c=e.config,d=i.navigator||{},t=d.connection||{},l=i.Math.round,u=e("Events",{producerId:"csa",lob:c.lob||"0"});function v(){o={network:{downlink:void 0,downlinkMax:void 0,rtt:void 0,type:void 0,effectiveType:void 0,saveData:void 0},language:void 0,doNotTrack:void 0,hardwareConcurrency:void 0,deviceMemory:void 0,cookieEnabled:void 0,webdriver:void 0},w(),o.language=d.language||null,o.doNotTrack=function(){switch(d.doNotTrack){case"1":return"enabled";case"0":return"disabled";case"unspecified":return d.doNotTrack;default:return null}}(),o.hardwareConcurrency="hardwareConcurrency"in d?l(d.hardwareConcurrency||0):null,o.deviceMemory="deviceMemory"in d?l(d.deviceMemory||0):null,o.cookieEnabled="cookieEnabled"in d?d.cookieEnabled:null,o.webdriver="webdriver"in d?d.webdriver:null}function k(){u("log",{network:(n={},Object.keys(o.network).forEach(function(e){n[e]=o.network[e]+""}),n),language:o.language,doNotTrack:o.doNotTrack,hardwareConcurrency:o.hardwareConcurrency,deviceMemory:o.deviceMemory,cookieEnabled:o.cookieEnabled,webdriver:o.webdriver,schemaId:a},{ent:{page:["pageType","subPageType","requestId"]}})}function w(){!function(n){Object.keys(o.network).forEach(function(e){o.network[e]=n[e]})}({downlink:"downlink"in t?l(t.downlink||0):null,downlinkMax:"downlinkMax"in t?l(t.downlinkMax||0):null,rtt:"rtt"in t?(t.rtt||0).toFixed():null,type:t.type||null,effectiveType:t.effectiveType||null,saveData:"saveData"in t?t.saveData:null})}function f(){w(),k()}function y(){v(),k()}c["KillSwitch."+r]||(v(),k(),e.on("$afterPageTransition",y),e.on(t,"change",f))}); ue.exec(function(d,c){function g(e,c){e&&ue.tag(e+c);return!!e}function n(){for(var e=RegExp("^https://(.*\.(images|ssl-images|media)-amazon\.com|"+c.location.hostname+")/images/","i"),d={},h=0,k=c.performance.getEntriesByType("resource"),l=!1,b,a,m,f=0;f<k.length;f++)if(a=k[f],0<a.transferSize&&a.transferSize>=a.encodedBodySize&&(b=e.exec(String(a.name)))&&3===b.length){a:{b=a.serverTiming||[];for(a=0;a<b.length;a++)if("provider"===b[a].name){b=b[a].description;break a}b=void 0}b&&(l||(l=g(b,"_cdn_fr")), a=d[b]=(d[b]||0)+1,a>h&&(m=b,h=a))}g(m,"_cdn_mp")}d.ue&&"function"===typeof d.ue.tag&&c.performance&&c.location&&n()},"cdnTagging")(ue_csm,window); } /* ◬ */ </script> </div> <noscript> <img height="1" width="1" style='display:none;visibility:hidden;' src='//fls-na.amazon.com/1/batch/1/OP/A191LFTEBYJTJ3:145-4277329-4211800:0915GCYPYA4SA7VJDCZB$uedata=s:%2Frd%2Fuedata%3Fnoscript%26id%3D0915GCYPYA4SA7VJDCZB:0' alt=""/> </noscript> <script>window.ue && ue.count && ue.count('CSMLibrarySize', 66431)</script></div></body></html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10