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<span>Functionality</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Functionality-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Functionality subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Functionality-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Restrictions_on_ad_content" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Restrictions_on_ad_content"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Restrictions on ad content</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Restrictions_on_ad_content-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cost" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cost"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Cost</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cost-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conversion_tracking" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conversion_tracking"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Conversion tracking</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conversion_tracking-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Google_Consent_Mode" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Google_Consent_Mode"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Google Consent Mode</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Google_Consent_Mode-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Technology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Technology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Technology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Technology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lawsuits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lawsuits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Lawsuits</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lawsuits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Controversies</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Controversies subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Trademarked_keywords" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trademarked_keywords"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Trademarked keywords</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trademarked_keywords-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IT_support_ban" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IT_support_ban"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>IT support ban</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IT_support_ban-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Use_by_fossil_fuel_companies_for_greenwashing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Use_by_fossil_fuel_companies_for_greenwashing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Use by fossil fuel companies for greenwashing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Use_by_fossil_fuel_companies_for_greenwashing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anti-abortion_clinics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anti-abortion_clinics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Anti-abortion clinics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anti-abortion_clinics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Funding_of_misinformation_and_hate_speech" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Funding_of_misinformation_and_hate_speech"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>Funding of misinformation and hate speech</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Funding_of_misinformation_and_hate_speech-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Google Ads</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 44 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-44" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">44 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%84" title="إعلانات جوجل – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إعلانات جوجل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Adwords" title="Google Adwords – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Google Adwords" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%85%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%B8" title="গুগল অ্যাডস – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গুগল অ্যাডস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Google Ads" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Google Ads" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Google Ads" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Google Ads" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Google Ads" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Google Ads" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Google Ads" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Google Ads" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Google Ads" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%84_%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B2" title="گوگل ادز – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گوگل ادز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Google Ads" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Google Ads" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EA%B8%80_%EC%95%A0%EC%A6%88" title="구글 애즈 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="구글 애즈" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="गूगल एडवर्ड्स – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="गूगल एडवर्ड्स" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_AdWords" title="Google AdWords – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Google AdWords" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Google Ads" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Google Ads" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Google Ads" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D(adwords)" title="ಗೂಗಲ್ ಆಡ್ ವರ್ಡ್ಸ್(adwords) – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಗೂಗಲ್ ಆಡ್ ವರ್ಡ್ಸ್(adwords)" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Google Ads" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Google Ads" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Google Ads" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="गुगल एड्स – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="गुगल एड्स" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_%E5%BA%83%E5%91%8A" title="Google 広告 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Google 広告" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Google Ads" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_reklamalari" title="Google reklamalari – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Google reklamalari" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Google Ads" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Google Ads" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/AdWords" title="AdWords – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="AdWords" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Google Ads" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Google Ads" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/AdWords" title="AdWords – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="AdWords" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Google Ads" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Google Ads" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5_%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C" title="กูเกิล แอดเวิดส์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กูเกิล แอดเวิดส์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Google Ads" 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Advertising Professional</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Online advertising platform owned by Google</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the Google service aimed at advertisers. For the Google service aimed at publishers, see <a href="/wiki/AdSense" class="mw-redirect" title="AdSense">AdSense</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Google Ads</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Google_Ads_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Google_Ads_logo.svg/120px-Google_Ads_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Google_Ads_logo.svg/180px-Google_Ads_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Google_Ads_logo.svg/240px-Google_Ads_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="639" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data">Google AdWords</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data">24 October 2000<span class="noprint">; 24 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2000-10-24</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-Google_Press_Release_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Google_Press_Release-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display: none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Stable release</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="margin:0px;">3.06 (Build 696873523) / 15 November 2024<span class="noprint">; 18 days ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2024-11-15</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Computing_platform" title="Computing platform">Platform</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Android_(Operating_System)" class="mw-redirect" title="Android (Operating System)">Android</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web" title="World Wide Web">web</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_categories#Categorization_approaches" title="Software categories">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Online_advertising" title="Online advertising">Online advertising</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ads.google.com/">ads<wbr />.google<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Google Ads</b> formerly known as <b>Google Adwords</b> is an <a href="/wiki/Online_advertising" title="Online advertising">online advertising</a> platform developed by <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a>, where advertisers bid to display brief advertisements, service offerings, product listings, and videos to web users.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It can place ads in the results of search engines like <a href="/wiki/Google_Search" title="Google Search">Google Search</a> (the Google Search Network), <a href="/wiki/Mobile_app" title="Mobile app">mobile apps</a>, videos, and on non-search websites.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Services are offered under a <a href="/wiki/Pay-per-click" title="Pay-per-click">pay-per-click</a> (PPC) pricing model, and a <a href="/wiki/Cost-per-view" class="mw-redirect" title="Cost-per-view">cost-per-view</a> (CPV) pricing model. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Ads&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Adwords_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Adwords_logo.svg/256px-Adwords_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="256" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Adwords_logo.svg/384px-Adwords_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Adwords_logo.svg/512px-Adwords_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="701" data-file-height="123" /></a><figcaption>Former logo of the service</figcaption></figure> <p>Google launched AdWords in the year 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-Google_Press_Release_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Google_Press_Release-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Initially, Google itself would set up and manage advertisers' campaigns. Google then introduced a self-service AdWords portal for small businesses that wanted to manage their own campaigns. </p><p>In 2005, Google started a campaign management service known as "Jumpstart".<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2007, Google acquired <a href="/wiki/DoubleClick" title="DoubleClick">DoubleClick</a> for $3.1 billion. The acquisition was strategically important for Google, providing access to DoubleClick's advanced ad-serving technology and established industry relationships.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt2007doubleclick_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt2007doubleclick-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This deal, while "transforming Google into a powerhouse", later attracted antitrust scrutiny, raising questions about its impact on market competition and digital advertising dominance.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt2020powerhouse_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt2020powerhouse-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January of 2007 Google purchased the radio advertising company dMarc Broadcasting.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 2008, Google launched the Google Online Marketing Challenge,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an in-class academic exercise for tertiary students.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Google retired the <a href="/wiki/DoubleClick" title="DoubleClick">DoubleClick</a> and AdWords brands in 2018 to simplify entry points for advertisers and ad sellers. The core product was renamed Google Ads, providing access to inventory on <a href="/wiki/Google_Search" title="Google Search">Google Search</a>, its <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a> video service, the <a href="/wiki/Google_Play" title="Google Play">Google Play</a> app store, and <a href="/wiki/AdSense" class="mw-redirect" title="AdSense">AdSense</a> website publisher partners.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rebranding_support_answer_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rebranding_support_answer-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Functionality">Functionality</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Ads&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Functionality"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Google Ads' system is based partly on <a href="/wiki/HTTP_cookie" title="HTTP cookie">cookies</a> and partly on <a href="/wiki/Keyword_advertising" title="Keyword advertising">keywords</a> determined by advertisers. Google uses these characteristics to place advertising copy on pages that they think might be relevant. In 2023, Google introduced <a href="/wiki/Federated_Learning_of_Cohorts" title="Federated Learning of Cohorts">Topics API</a>, which allows targeting ads based on browsing history stored in browser, to <a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Google Chrome</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Advertisers pay when users divert their browsing to click on the advertising copy.<sup id="cite_ref-ad_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ad-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Adverts can be implemented locally, nationally, or internationally. </p><p>Google's text advertisements mimic what the average search result looks like on Google.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Offering text-only search ads initially, <a href="/wiki/Google_Shopping" title="Google Shopping">Google unveiled "Showcase Shopping" ads in 2016</a>. With this format, retailers can choose to have a series of product images that appear in search results related to various search queries and keywords.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 2016, Google announced Expanded Text Ads, allowing 23% more text.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Image ads in the display network can be one of the several different standardized sizes as designated by the <a href="/wiki/Interactive_Advertising_Bureau" title="Interactive Advertising Bureau">Interactive Advertising Bureau</a> (IAB). </p><p>Besides the Google search engine, advertisers also have the option of enabling their ads to show on Google's partner network,<sup id="cite_ref-ad_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ad-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> members of which receive a portion of the generated income. </p><p>In 2024, Google Ads introduced AI-powered tools, including the "Ads Power Pair" of Search and Performance Max, designed to improve campaign efficiency across Google channels. These tools leverage first-party data, machine learning, and automated asset creation to enhance bidding, targeting, and audience reach.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Restrictions_on_ad_content">Restrictions on ad content</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Ads&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Restrictions on ad content"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The "Family status" of an ad ("family safe," "non-family safe," or "adult") is set by a Google reviewer and indicates what "audiences the ad and website are appropriate for." This will change at what time, on which page, and in which country an ad can appear.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of December 2010, Google AdWords decreased restrictions on sales of hard alcohol.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It now allows ads that promote the sale of hard alcohol and liquor. This is an extension of a policy change that was made in December 2008, which permitted ads that promote the branding of hard alcohol and liquor. </p><p>From June 2007, Google banned AdWords adverts for student essay-writing services, a move which received positive feedback from universities.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Google has a variety of specific keywords and categories that it prohibits that vary by type and country.<sup id="cite_ref-2014BadKeywords_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2014BadKeywords-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, use of keywords for alcohol related products are prohibited in Thailand<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Turkey;<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> keywords for gambling and casinos are prohibited in Poland;<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> keywords for <a href="/wiki/Abortion" title="Abortion">abortion</a> services are prohibited in Russia and Ukraine;<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and keywords for adult related services or products are prohibited worldwide as of June 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2014AVNNoAdult_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2014AVNNoAdult-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2020, at the beginning of the Coronavirus crisis, Google blocked all face masks keywords from being eligible for ad targeting as part of a policy to prevent companies from attempting to capitalize on the pandemic.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cost">Cost</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Ads&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Cost"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Every time a user conducts a search on Google, Google Ads <a href="/wiki/Real-time_bidding" title="Real-time bidding">runs an auction in real time</a> to determine which search ads are displayed on the search results page as well as the ad's position.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The cost of a Google Ads campaign therefore depends on a variety of factors, including the maximum amount an advertiser is willing to <a href="/wiki/Pay-per-click" title="Pay-per-click">pay-per-click</a> of the keyword, and the quality score of the ad (based on its relevance and click frequency and ad extensions). </p><p>Although an advanced bidding strategy can be used to automatically reach a predefined <a href="/wiki/Cost_per_action" title="Cost per action">Cost per action</a> (CPA), this should not be confused with a fixed CPA pricing model.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conversion_tracking">Conversion tracking<span class="anchor" id="gclid"></span><span class="anchor" id="gclsrc"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Ads&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Conversion tracking"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In addition to tracking clicks, Google Ads provides advertisers an ability to track and report other conversions that happen after the click such as purchases, sign ups or calls.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Conversion tracking is implemented by sending an identifier to the advertiser's website as a <a href="/wiki/Query_string" title="Query string">URL parameter</a>, which is then used by advertiser to send conversions to Google Ads, allowing Google Ads to trace conversion back to the original click for reporting. Google also allows advertisers to install a pixel on their website that sends conversions to the Adwords account. This allows advertisers to target their ads to drive conversions more effectively. For most traffic, Google sends a unique identifier for each click (in a <i>gclid</i> parameter), allowing to determine source of conversion precisely. To comply with tracking restrictions on Apple devices, anonymized identifiers that aren't associated with specific person are used (called <i>wbraid</i> and <i>gbraid</i>). Google Ads provides ability to report many of such anonymous conversions by using "modeled conversions" that combine additional customer details to deduce, which user to attribute the conversion to.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Google Ads can be integrated with <a href="/wiki/Google_Analytics" title="Google Analytics">Google Analytics 4 (GA4)</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which can improve conversion tracking effectiveness. This integration allows for a more comprehensive understanding of user interactions across different platforms and devices.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Google Ads introduced enhanced conversions to make conversion measurement more accurate.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2018, <i><a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_News" title="Bloomberg News">Bloomberg News</a></i> reported that Google had paid millions of dollars to <a href="/wiki/Mastercard" title="Mastercard">Mastercard</a> for its users' credit card data for offline conversion tracking purposes. The deal had not been publicly announced.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Google_Consent_Mode">Google Consent Mode</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Ads&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Google Consent Mode"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The introduction of Google Consent Mode in 2020 represents an effort by Google to navigate the complex intersection of aggressive digital advertising strategies and the stringent global data privacy standards that regulate them. This feature, which allows advertisers on the Google Ads platform to adjust how <a href="/wiki/HTTP_cookie" title="HTTP cookie">cookies</a> are utilized based on user consent, is a response to heightened privacy expectations and legal frameworks such as the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union's</a> <a href="/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation" title="General Data Protection Regulation">General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While Google presents Consent Mode as a tool that enables advertisers to maintain compliance with <a href="/wiki/Privacy_law" title="Privacy law">privacy laws</a> while minimizing disruption to targeted advertising, its effectiveness and genuineness in protecting user privacy have been subjects of debate. Critics argue that while the tool ostensibly supports compliance, it also allows Google to maintain its dominant position in the digital advertising market by providing a mechanism that superficially addresses privacy concerns without significantly altering the underlying data collection practices. </p><p>Moreover, the introduction of advanced features in Consent Mode V2 in late 2023, which includes more granular controls over data usage and conversion modeling based on artificial intelligence, raises further questions. These enhancements aim to mitigate data loss from users who opt out of tracking, thus preserving the efficacy of Google Ads. However, they also underscore the ongoing tension between user privacy and the business imperatives of digital advertising, highlighting the challenges in achieving a true balance between the two.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In this context, Google Consent Mode can be seen both as a strategic adaptation to regulatory pressures and as part of a broader industry trend towards more nuanced data handling practices. Nonetheless, the extent to which these changes genuinely benefit users, as opposed to primarily aiding advertisers and platforms like Google, remains a critical area for scrutiny.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Technology">Technology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Ads&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Technology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The AdWords system was initially implemented on top of the <a href="/wiki/MySQL" title="MySQL">MySQL</a> database engine. After the system had been launched, management decided to use <a href="/wiki/Oracle_Database" title="Oracle Database">Oracle</a> instead but was eventually reverted to MySQL after the system became much slower.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eventually, Google developed a custom distributed <a href="/wiki/Relational_database" title="Relational database">Relational database</a> (RD) known as <a href="/wiki/Spanner_(database)" title="Spanner (database)">Google Spanner</a> specifically for the needs of the ad business. The interface offers Spreadsheet Editing, Search Query Reports, and <a href="/wiki/Conversion_marketing" title="Conversion marketing">conversion</a> metrics.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lawsuits">Lawsuits</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Ads&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Lawsuits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/44px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/66px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/88px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b> with: 2023 US Department of Justice and the <a href="/wiki/Google#United_States" title="Google">2020 antitrust</a> lawsuits' details. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Google_Ads&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>.<br /><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Google+antitrust+lawsuit%22">"Google antitrust lawsuit"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Google+antitrust+lawsuit%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Google+antitrust+lawsuit%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Google+antitrust+lawsuit%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Google+antitrust+lawsuit%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Google+antitrust+lawsuit%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span><span class="hide-when-compact"> Relevant discussion may be found on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Google_Ads#Antitrust_lawsuit" title="Talk:Google Ads">talk page</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2023</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Google Ads have been the subject of lawsuits relating to <a href="/wiki/Trademark" title="Trademark">Trademark Law</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Google,_Inc._v._American_Blind_%26_Wallpaper_Factory,_Inc." title="Google, Inc. v. American Blind & Wallpaper Factory, Inc.">Google, Inc. v. American Blind & Wallpaper Factory, Inc.</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Rescuecom_Corp._v._Google_Inc." title="Rescuecom Corp. v. Google Inc.">Rescuecom Corp. v. Google Inc.</a></i>), fraud (<i><a href="/wiki/Goddard_v._Google,_Inc." title="Goddard v. Google, Inc.">Goddard v. Google, Inc.</a></i>), and <a href="/wiki/Click_fraud" title="Click fraud">click fraud</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Yahoo!_Native" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahoo! Native">Overture Services, Inc.</a> sued Google for <a href="/wiki/Patent_infringement" title="Patent infringement">patent infringement</a> in April 2002 in relation to the AdWords service. The suit was settled in 2004 after <a href="/wiki/Yahoo!" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahoo!">Yahoo!</a> acquired Overture; Google agreed to issue 2.7 million shares of common stock to Yahoo! in exchange for a perpetual license under the patent.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2006, Google settled a click fraud lawsuit for US$90 million.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2011, Google cancelled the AdWords advertisement purchased by a Dublin sex worker rights group named "Turn Off the Blue Light" (TOBL),<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> claiming that it represented an "egregious violation" of company ad policy by "selling adult sexual services". However, TOBL is a nonprofit campaign for sex worker rights and is not advertising or selling adult sexual services.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After TOBL members held a protest outside Google's European headquarters in Dublin and sent in written complaints, Google reviewed the group's website. Google found the website content to be advocating a political position and restored the AdWords advertisement.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2012, Google rejected the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Sex_Party" title="Australian Sex Party">Australian Sex Party</a>'s ads for AdWords and sponsored search results for the July 12 by-election for the <a href="/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Melbourne" title="Electoral district of Melbourne">state seat of Melbourne</a>, saying the Australian Sex Party breached its rules which prevent solicitation of donations by a website that did not display tax exempt status. Although the Australian Sex Party amended its website to display tax deductibility information, Google continued to ban the ads. The ads were reinstated on election eve after it was reported in the media that the Australian Sex Party was considering suing Google. On September 13, 2012, the Australian Sex Party lodged formal complaints against Google with the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">US Department of Justice</a> and the Australian competition watchdog, accusing Google of "unlawful interference in the conduct of a state election in <a href="/wiki/Victoria_(state)" title="Victoria (state)">Victoria</a> with corrupt intent" in violation of the <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Corrupt_Practices_Act" title="Foreign Corrupt Practices Act">Foreign Corrupt Practices Act</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 2019, France fined Google €150 million for advertiser suspensions on Google Ads, arguing it had "abused its dominant position by adopting opaque and difficult to understand rules" which it was then free to "interpret and modify" at its own discretion.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In early 2022, Google suspended all ad sales in Russia in response to the ongoing invasion of Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over 1,000 Russian businesses that had purchased pre-paid ads, which were neither delivered nor refunded, joined the bankruptcy proceedings of the Russian Google subsidiary.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies">Controversies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Ads&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Controversies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trademarked_keywords">Trademarked keywords</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Ads&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Trademarked keywords"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Google has come under fire for allowing AdWords advertisers to bid on trademarked keywords.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2004, Google started allowing advertisers to bid on a wide variety of search terms in the US and Canada, including trademarks of their competitors<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in May 2008 expanded this policy to the UK and Ireland. Until 2023, advertisers were restricted from using other companies' trademarks in their advertisement text if the trademark has been registered with Advertising Legal Support team.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2010, Google was involved with a <a href="/wiki/Google_v._Louis_Vuitton" class="mw-redirect" title="Google v. Louis Vuitton">trademark infringement case</a> involving three French companies that own <a href="/wiki/Louis_Vuitton" title="Louis Vuitton">Louis Vuitton</a> trademarks.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lawsuit concerned if Google was responsible for advertisers purchasing keywords that violate trademark infringement. Ultimately, the Court of Justice of the European Union ruled that Google AdWords were "not a breach of EU trademark law, but that the content of some advertisements that are linked by Google keywords may well be in breach depending upon the particular facts of the case."<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, in some American jurisdictions, the use of a person's name as a keyword for advertising or trade purposes without the person's consent<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> has raised <a href="/wiki/Right_to_privacy" title="Right to privacy">Right to Privacy</a> concerns.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013, the Tenth Circuit Court of Appeals held in <i>1-800 Contacts, Inc. v. Lens.com, Inc.</i> that online contact lens seller Lens.com did not commit <a href="/wiki/Trademark_infringement" title="Trademark infringement">trademark infringement</a> when it purchased AdWords and other search advertisements using competitor <a href="/wiki/1-800_Contacts" title="1-800 Contacts">1-800 Contacts</a>' federally registered 1800 CONTACTS trademark as a keyword.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2016, the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Trade_Commission" title="Federal Trade Commission">Federal Trade Commission</a> filed an administrative complaint against 1-800 Contacts alleging that its search advertising trademark enforcement practices have unreasonably restrained competition in violation of the FTC Act. 1-800 Contacts has denied all wrongdoing and is scheduled to appear before an FTC <a href="/wiki/Administrative_law_judge" title="Administrative law judge">administrative law judge</a> in April 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IT_support_ban">IT support ban</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Ads&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: IT support ban"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2018, Google implemented a policy change that restricts the advertising of consumer technical support, including services related to troubleshooting, security, virus removal, internet connectivity, online accounts (such as password resets or login support), or software installation",<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Google's Director of Global Product Policy, David Graff stated that the policy was intended to "address abuse" and "fraudulent activity" from third-party technical support providers, and that a verification program for legitimate providers would be rolled out "in the coming months".<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is yet to manifest, resulting in an effective ban on all IT support and repair related services on the Google Ads platform.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Commentators have expressed concerns that this is an attempt by Google to stifle consumers' <a href="/wiki/Right_to_repair" title="Right to repair">right to repair</a> electronic devices.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_70-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Use_by_fossil_fuel_companies_for_greenwashing">Use by fossil fuel companies for greenwashing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Ads&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Use by fossil fuel companies for greenwashing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fossil fuel companies, funders and public relations agencies including <a href="/wiki/ExxonMobil" title="ExxonMobil">ExxonMobil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shell_plc" title="Shell plc">Shell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Aramco" title="Saudi Aramco">Aramco</a>, <a href="/wiki/McKinsey_%26_Company" title="McKinsey & Company">McKinsey</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Goldman_Sachs" title="Goldman Sachs">Goldman Sachs</a> are among the largest customers of Google Ads. One in five Google Ads for climate-related terms (e.g. net zero, carbon storage, carbon capture and energy transition) were paid by fossil fuel companies. A study by <i>The Guardian</i> and InfluenceMap found that Shell's ads appeared on 86% of searches for "net zero". Over half of users in a 2020 survey could not tell the difference between a normal Google result and a Google Ad.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the study's authors, InfluenceMap stated "Google is letting groups with a vested interest in the continued use of <a href="/wiki/Fossil_fuel" title="Fossil fuel">fossil fuels</a> pay to influence the resources people receive when they are trying to educate themselves. The oil and gas sector has moved away from contesting the science of climate change and now instead seeks to influence public discussions about <a href="/wiki/Low-carbon_economy" title="Low-carbon economy">decarbonization</a> in its favor."<sup id="cite_ref-:1_72-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anti-abortion_clinics">Anti-abortion clinics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Ads&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Anti-abortion clinics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A report conducted by the Tech Transparency Project found that women from low-income areas in US cities are more likely to be targeted by anti-abortion crisis pregnancy centers than women in wealthier areas of the city. Many of these crisis centers have portrayed themselves as abortion clinics while advocating anti-abortion measures for pregnant women.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The research was conducted in Atlanta, Miami, and Phoenix with women from three different income brackets, using the phrases "abortion clinic near me" and "I want an abortion." According to the results, Phoenix showed a 16% increase in crisis center recommendations from low to middle income, while there was a 49% difference when compared to high-income areas.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Funding_of_misinformation_and_hate_speech">Funding of misinformation and hate speech</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Ads&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Funding of misinformation and hate speech"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A study by the <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Countering_Digital_Hate" title="Center for Countering Digital Hate">Center for Countering Digital Hate</a> found that <i><a href="/wiki/The_Gateway_Pundit" title="The Gateway Pundit">The Gateway Pundit</a></i>, an <a href="/wiki/American_far-right" class="mw-redirect" title="American far-right">American far-right</a> <a href="/wiki/Fake_news_website" title="Fake news website">fake news website</a>, had earned up to $1.1 million in Google Ad revenue between November 2020 and July 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-Billen-2021_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Billen-2021-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Brown-2021b_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brown-2021b-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The website was demonetized in September 2021;<sup id="cite_ref-Novell-2021_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Novell-2021-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Brown-2021a_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brown-2021a-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the decision took place a few days ahead of the airing of a French documentary in which a Google representative was confronted with printouts of ads on the site.<sup id="cite_ref-Novell-2021_79-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Novell-2021-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2022, <a href="/wiki/ProPublica" title="ProPublica">ProPublica</a> reported that Google Ads was a major source of revenue for purveyors of <a href="/wiki/Disinformation" title="Disinformation">disinformation</a> in Africa, Europe and Latin America. The websites funded by Google promoted <a href="/wiki/Jair_Bolsonaro" title="Jair Bolsonaro">Jair Bolsonaro</a>'s false claims about voting system integrity in Brazil and <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a> and <a href="/wiki/Climate_change_misinformation" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate change misinformation">climate change misinformation</a> in French-, German- and Spanish-speaking countries.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2024, non-profit organization <a href="/wiki/Check_My_Ads" title="Check My Ads">Check My Ads</a> reported that Google Ads is funding <a href="/wiki/OpIndia" title="OpIndia">OpIndia</a>, an Indian far-right website known for promoting <a href="/wiki/Conspiracy_theories" class="mw-redirect" title="Conspiracy theories">conspiracy theories</a> and <a href="/wiki/Islamophobic" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamophobic">Islamophobic</a> rhetoric.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Ads&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem-money.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/28px-Emblem-money.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/42px-Emblem-money.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/56px-Emblem-money.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Business_and_economics" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Business and economics">Business and economics portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_AdSense" title="Google AdSense">Google AdSense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Google_products" title="List of Google products">List of Google products</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Search_engine_marketing" title="Search engine marketing">Search engine marketing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advertising_network" title="Advertising network">Advertising network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Performance-based_advertising" title="Performance-based advertising">Performance-based advertising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_marketing" title="Digital marketing">Digital marketing</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Ads&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Google_Press_Release-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Google_Press_Release_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Google_Press_Release_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/press/pressrel/pressrelease39.html">"Google Launches Self-Service Advertising Program"</a>. <i>Google</i>. 2000-10-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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US Tech Companies Keep Platforming It"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Wired_(magazine)" title="Wired (magazine)">Wired</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1059-1028">1059-1028</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241006065940/https://www.wired.com/story/india-opindia-google-facebook-advertising/">Archived</a> from the original on 2024-10-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-09-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wired&rft.atitle=A+Far-Right+Indian+News+Site+Posts+Racist+Conspiracies.+US+Tech+Companies+Keep+Platforming+It&rft.date=2024-05-22&rft.issn=1059-1028&rft.aulast=Elliott&rft.aufirst=Vittoria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Findia-opindia-google-facebook-advertising%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGoogle+Ads" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Ads&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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