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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log masuk</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Lebih pilihan" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alat peribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alat peribadi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu pengguna" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ms.wikipedia.org&uselang=ms"><span>Derma</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Buka_akaun&returnto=Ketosa" title="Anda digalakkan untuk membuka akaun dan melog masuk; walau bagaimanapun, ianya tidak wajib"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Buka akaun</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Log_masuk&returnto=Ketosa" title="Anda digalakkan untuk melog masuk; walau bagaimanapun, ia tidak wajib. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log masuk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Laman untuk penyunting log keluar <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengenalan" aria-label="Ketahui lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>Ketahui lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumbangan_saya" title="Senarai suntingan yang dibuat daripada alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Sumbangan</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Perbincangan_saya" title="Perbincangan mengenai penyuntingan daripada alamat IP anda [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Perbincangan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Tapak"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Kandungan" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Kandungan</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Permulaan</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Kimia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kimia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Kimia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kimia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contoh_ketosa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contoh_ketosa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Contoh ketosa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contoh_ketosa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rujukan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rujukan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Rujukan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rujukan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Kandungan" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Togol isi kandungan" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Togol isi kandungan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ketosa</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke rencana dalam bahasa lain. Tersedia dalam 35 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketose" title="Ketose – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ketose" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1_%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A" title="سكر كيتوني – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سكر كيتوني" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketosa" title="Ketosa – Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ketosa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%8B" title="Кетозы – Belarus" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кетозы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketoza_(%C5%A1e%C4%87er)" title="Ketoza (šećer) – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ketoza (šećer)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Кетоза – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кетоза" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cetosa" title="Cetosa – Catalonia" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cetosa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ket%C3%B3zy" title="Ketózy – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ketózy" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketosen" title="Ketosen – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ketosen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketoosid" title="Ketoosid – Estonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ketoosid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketose" title="Ketose – Inggeris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ketose" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggeris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cetosa" title="Cetosa – Sepanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cetosa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Sepanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketozo" title="Ketozo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ketozo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zetosa" title="Zetosa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zetosa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B2" title="کتوز – Parsi" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کتوز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Parsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9tose" title="Cétose – Perancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cétose" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Perancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cetosa" title="Cetosa – Galicia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cetosa" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BC%80%ED%86%A0%EC%8A%A4" title="케토스 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="케토스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chetosi_(chimica)" title="Chetosi (chimica) – Itali" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Chetosi (chimica)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Itali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B1%E3%83%88%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9" title="ケトース – Jepun" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ケトース" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketose_i_kjemi" title="Ketose i kjemi – Nynorsk Norway" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ketose i kjemi" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norway" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketozy" title="Ketozy – Poland" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ketozy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cetoz%C4%83" title="Cetoză – Romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cetoză" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%8B" title="Кетозы – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кетозы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%9D%E0%B7%83" title="කීටෝස – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="කීටෝස" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ket%C3%B3za_(sacharid)" title="Ketóza (sacharid) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ketóza (sacharid)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketoza_(%C5%A1e%C4%87er)" title="Ketoza (šećer) – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ketoza (šećer)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketoza_(%C5%A1e%C4%87er)" title="Ketoza (šećer) – SerboCroatia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ketoza (šećer)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="SerboCroatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketoosit" title="Ketoosit – Finland" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ketoosit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketos" title="Ketos – Sweden" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ketos" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweden" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketose" title="Ketose – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ketose" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketoz" title="Ketoz – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ketoz" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Кетози – Ukraine" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кетози" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraine" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%85%AE%E9%86%A3" title="酮醣 – Kantonis" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="酮醣" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%85%AE%E9%86%A3" title="酮醣 – Cina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="酮醣" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Cina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q409108#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pautan antara bahasa" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pautan</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ketosa" title="Lihat laman kandungan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Rencana</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perbincangan:Ketosa&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Perbincangan mengenai laman kandungan (laman tidak wujud) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Perbincangan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tukar kelainan bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Melayu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Rupa"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ketosa"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ketosa&veaction=edit" title="Sunting laman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ketosa&action=edit" title="Sunting kod sumber untuk laman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ketosa&action=history" title="Semakan terdahulu bagi laman ini [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat sejarah</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav 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data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Peralatan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Lagi pilihan" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ketosa"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ketosa&veaction=edit" title="Sunting laman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ketosa&action=edit" title="Sunting kod sumber untuk laman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ketosa&action=history"><span>Lihat sejarah</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Pautan_ke_sini/Ketosa" title="Senarai semua laman wiki yang mengandungi pautan ke laman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pautan ke laman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Perubahan_berkaitan/Ketosa" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terkini bagi laman yang dipaut dari laman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan berkaitan</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=ms" title="Muat naik fail [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Muat naik fail</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Laman_khas" title="Senarai semua laman khas [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Laman khas</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ketosa&oldid=6145082" title="Pautan kekal ke semakan laman ini"><span>Pautan kekal</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ketosa&action=info" title="Maklumat lanjut mengenai laman ini"><span>Maklumat laman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Petik_laman_ini&page=Ketosa&id=6145082&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Maklumat tentang cara memetik laman ini"><span>Petik laman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fms.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKetosa"><span>Dapatkan URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fms.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKetosa"><span>Muat turun kod QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/eksport </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Ketosa"><span>Cipta buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:DownloadAsPdf&page=Ketosa&action=show-download-screen"><span>Muat turun sebagai PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ketosa&printable=yes" title="Versi boleh cetak bagi laman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi boleh cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam projek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ketoses" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q409108" title="Pautan ke item repositori data yang bersambung [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Alatan laman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Penampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Penampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Daripada Wikipedia, ensiklopedia bebas.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ms" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:DL-Fructose.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/DL-Fructose.svg/250px-DL-Fructose.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/DL-Fructose.svg/375px-DL-Fructose.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/DL-Fructose.svg/500px-DL-Fructose.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="361" data-file-height="273" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Fruktosa" title="Fruktosa">Fruktosa</a>, sejenis ketosa. Kumpulan keton ialah oksigen dengan ikatan ganda dua.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Ketosa</b> ialah molekul <a href="/wiki/Monosakarida" title="Monosakarida">monosakarida</a> dengan satu kumpulan <a href="/wiki/Keton" title="Keton">keton</a> per <a href="/wiki/Molekul" title="Molekul">molekul</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Keton paling ringkas ialah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dihidroksiaseton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dihidroksiaseton (laman tidak wujud)">dihidroksiaseton</a> yang memiliki hanya tiga atom karbon, dan merupakan satu-satunya ketosa tanpa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktiviti_optik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aktiviti optik (laman tidak wujud)">aktiviti optik</a>. Semua ketosa monosakarida merupakan <a href="/wiki/Gula_penurun" title="Gula penurun">gula penurun</a> kerana dapat menjalani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pentautomeran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pentautomeran (laman tidak wujud)">pentautomeran</a> menjadi <a href="/wiki/Aldosa" title="Aldosa">aldosa</a> melalui perantara <a href="/w/index.php?title=Enediol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enediol (laman tidak wujud)">enediol</a>, dengan kumpulan aldehid terbitan dapat teroksida seperti dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reagen_Tollens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reagen Tollens (laman tidak wujud)">ujian Tollens</a> atau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ujian_Benedict&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ujian Benedict (laman tidak wujud)">ujian Benedict</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ketosa yang terikat terhadap <a href="/w/index.php?title=Glikosida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glikosida (laman tidak wujud)">glikosida</a>, contohnya dalam kes bahagian fruktosa dalam <a href="/wiki/Sukrosa" title="Sukrosa">sukrosa</a>, tidak bersifat penurun.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kimia">Kimia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ketosa&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bahagian: Kimia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ketosa&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Kimia"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ketosa dan aldosa dapat dibezakan secara kimia melalui <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ujian_Seliwanoff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ujian Seliwanoff (laman tidak wujud)">ujian Seliwanoff</a>, di mana sampel dipanaskan dengan asid dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Resorsinol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Resorsinol (laman tidak wujud)">resorsinol</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ujian ini bergantung dengan <a href="/wiki/Tindak_balas_penyahhidratan" title="Tindak balas penyahhidratan">tindak balas penyahhidratan</a> yang lebih cepat berlaku dalam ketosa, menyebabkan ketosa yang bertindak lebih pantas berubah warna menjadi merah gelap sementara aldosa membentuk hasil merah jambu ringan. Ketosa boleh menjalani pengisomeran menjadi aldosa melalui <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transformasi_Lobry-de_Bruyn-van_Ekenstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transformasi Lobry-de Bruyn-van Ekenstein (laman tidak wujud)">transformasi Lobry-de Bruyn-van Ekenstein</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contoh_ketosa">Contoh ketosa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ketosa&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bahagian: Contoh ketosa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ketosa&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Contoh ketosa"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Family_tree_of_d-ketoses.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Family_tree_of_d-ketoses.svg/220px-Family_tree_of_d-ketoses.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="318" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Family_tree_of_d-ketoses.svg/330px-Family_tree_of_d-ketoses.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Family_tree_of_d-ketoses.svg/440px-Family_tree_of_d-ketoses.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="607" /></a><figcaption>Pokok keluarga <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">d</span>-ketosa hingga heksosa: dihidroksiaseton (1); <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">d</span>-eritrulosa (2); <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">d</span>-ribulosa (3a); <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">d</span>-xilulosa (3b); <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">d</span>-psikosa (4a); <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">d</span>-fruktosa (4b); <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">d</span>-sorbosa (4c); <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">d</span>-tagatosa (4d)</figcaption></figure> <p>Semua ketosa di sini ialah 2-ketosa, yakni <a href="/wiki/Kumpulan_karbonil" title="Kumpulan karbonil">kumpulan karbonilnya</a> terletak di atom karbon kedua dari hujung: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Triosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Triosa (laman tidak wujud)">Triosa</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dihidroksiaseton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dihidroksiaseton (laman tidak wujud)">dihidroksiaseton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tetrosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tetrosa (laman tidak wujud)">Tetrosa</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eritrulosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eritrulosa (laman tidak wujud)">eritrulosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentosa" title="Pentosa">Pentosa</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ribulosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ribulosa (laman tidak wujud)">ribulosa</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Xilulosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xilulosa (laman tidak wujud)">xilulosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heksosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heksosa (laman tidak wujud)">Heksosa</a>: <a href="/wiki/Fruktosa" title="Fruktosa">fruktosa</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Psicosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psicosa (laman tidak wujud)">psicosa</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sorbosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sorbosa (laman tidak wujud)">sorbosa</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tagatosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tagatosa (laman tidak wujud)">tagatosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heptosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heptosa (laman tidak wujud)">Heptosa</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sedoheptulosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sedoheptulosa (laman tidak wujud)">sedoheptulosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oktosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oktosa (laman tidak wujud)">Oktosa</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=D-mano-oktulosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="D-mano-oktulosa (laman tidak wujud)"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">d</span>-<i>mano</i>-oktulosa</a> (asas <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asid_3-deoksi-D-mano-okt-2-ulosonik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asid 3-deoksi-D-mano-okt-2-ulosonik (laman tidak wujud)">KDO</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nonosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nonosa (laman tidak wujud)">Nonosa</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=D-glisero-D-galakto-nonulosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="D-glisero-D-galakto-nonulosa (laman tidak wujud)"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">d</span>-<i>glisero</i>-<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">d</span>-<i>galakto</i>-nonulosa</a> (asas <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asid_neuraminik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asid neuraminik (laman tidak wujud)">asid neuraminik</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rujukan">Rujukan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ketosa&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bahagian: Rujukan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ketosa&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Rujukan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6173370">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5110723">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free 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a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFLindhorst2007" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thisbe_Lindhorst&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thisbe Lindhorst (laman tidak wujud)">Lindhorst, Thisbe K.</a> (2007). <i>Essentials of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biochemistry</i> (ed. 1st). Wiley-VCH. <a href="/wiki/Nombor_Buku_Piawai_Antarabangsa" title="Nombor Buku Piawai Antarabangsa">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumber_buku/978-3-527-31528-4" title="Khas:Sumber buku/978-3-527-31528-4"><bdi>978-3-527-31528-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Essentials+of+Carbohydrate+Chemistry+and+Biochemistry&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Wiley-VCH&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-3-527-31528-4&rft.aulast=Lindhorst&rft.aufirst=Thisbe+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AKetosa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFRobyt1997" class="citation book cs1">Robyt, John F. (1997). <i>Essentials of Carbohydrate Chemistry</i> (ed. 1st). Springer. <a href="/wiki/Nombor_Buku_Piawai_Antarabangsa" title="Nombor Buku Piawai Antarabangsa">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumber_buku/0-387-94951-8" title="Khas:Sumber buku/0-387-94951-8"><bdi>0-387-94951-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Essentials+of+Carbohydrate+Chemistry&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-387-94951-8&rft.aulast=Robyt&rft.aufirst=John+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AKetosa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFMcMurry2010" class="citation book cs1">McMurry, John E. (2010-01-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=h-CVwu_tk7gC&pg=PA880"><i>Organic Chemistry: With Biological Applications</i></a> (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Cengage Learning. m/s. 880. <a href="/wiki/Nombor_Buku_Piawai_Antarabangsa" title="Nombor Buku Piawai Antarabangsa">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumber_buku/978-0495391449" title="Khas:Sumber buku/978-0495391449"><bdi>978-0495391449</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Organic+Chemistry%3A+With+Biological+Applications&rft.pages=880&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2010-01-01&rft.isbn=978-0495391449&rft.aulast=McMurry&rft.aufirst=John+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dh-CVwu_tk7gC%26pg%3DPA880&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AKetosa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171216032307/http://www.harpercollege.edu/tm-ps/chm/100/dgodambe/thedisk/carbo/seli/seli.htm">"Seliwanoff's Test"</a>. Harper College. Diarkibkan daripada <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.harpercollege.edu/tm-ps/chm/100/dgodambe/thedisk/carbo/seli/seli.htm">yang asal</a> pada 2017-12-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">2011-07-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Seliwanoff%27s+Test&rft.pub=Harper+College&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.harpercollege.edu%2Ftm-ps%2Fchm%2F100%2Fdgodambe%2Fthedisk%2Fcarbo%2Fseli%2Fseli.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AKetosa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Jenis_karbohidrat" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5375175">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aldosa" title="Aldosa">Aldosa</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ketosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Furanosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Furanosa (laman tidak wujud)">Furanosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piranosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piranosa (laman tidak wujud)">Piranosa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geometri</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>Anomer</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pengesahan_sikloheksana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pengesahan sikloheksana (laman tidak wujud)">Pengesahan sikloheksana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutaputaran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mutaputaran (laman tidak wujud)">Mutaputaran</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Monosakarida" title="Monosakarida">Monosakarida</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diosa (laman tidak wujud)">Diosa</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>Aldodiosa <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glikolaldehid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glikolaldehid (laman tidak wujud)">Glikolaldehid</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Triosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Triosa (laman tidak wujud)">Triosa</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>Aldotriosa <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gliseraldehid" title="Gliseraldehid">Gliseraldehid</a></li></ul></li> <li>Ketotriosa <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dihidroksiaseton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dihidroksiaseton (laman tidak wujud)">Dihidroksiaseton</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tetrosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tetrosa (laman tidak wujud)">Tetrosa</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>Aldotetrosa <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eritrosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eritrosa (laman tidak wujud)">Eritrosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treosa (laman tidak wujud)">Treosa</a></li></ul></li> <li>Ketotetrosa <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eritrulosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eritrulosa (laman tidak wujud)">Eritrulosa</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pentosa" title="Pentosa">Pentosa</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>Aldopentosa <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabinosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabinosa (laman tidak wujud)">Arabinosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liksosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liksosa (laman tidak wujud)">Liksosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ribosa" title="Ribosa">Ribosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xilosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xilosa (laman tidak wujud)">Xilosa</a></li></ul></li> <li>Ketopentosa <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ribulosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ribulosa (laman tidak wujud)">Ribulosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xilulosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xilulosa (laman tidak wujud)">Xilulosa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gula_deoksi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gula deoksi (laman tidak wujud)">Gula deoksi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deoksiribosa" title="Deoksiribosa">Deoksiribosa</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heksosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heksosa (laman tidak wujud)">Heksosa</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>Aldoheksosa <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alosa (laman tidak wujud)">Alosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Altrosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Altrosa (laman tidak wujud)">Altrosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaktosa" title="Galaktosa">Galaktosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glukosa" title="Glukosa">Glukosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gulosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gulosa (laman tidak wujud)">Gulosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Idosa (laman tidak wujud)">Idosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manosa" title="Manosa">Manosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Talosa (laman tidak wujud)">Talosa</a></li></ul></li> <li>Ketoheksosa <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fruktosa" title="Fruktosa">Fruktosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Psikosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psikosa (laman tidak wujud)">Psikosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sorbosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sorbosa (laman tidak wujud)">Sorbosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tagatosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tagatosa (laman tidak wujud)">Tagatosa</a></li></ul></li> <li>Gula deoksi <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fukosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fukosa (laman tidak wujud)">Fukosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fukulosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fukulosa (laman tidak wujud)">Fukulosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramnosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ramnosa (laman tidak wujud)">Ramnosa</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heptosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heptosa (laman tidak wujud)">Heptosa</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ketoheptosa <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manoheptulosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manoheptulosa (laman tidak wujud)">Manoheptulosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sedoheptulosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sedoheptulosa (laman tidak wujud)">Sedoheptulosa</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lebih 7</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oktosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oktosa (laman tidak wujud)">Oktosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nonosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nonosa (laman tidak wujud)">Nonosa</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asid_neuraminik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asid neuraminik (laman tidak wujud)">Asid neuraminik</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Berganda</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Disakarida" title="Disakarida">Disakarida</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Selobiosa" title="Selobiosa">Selobiosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isomaltosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isomaltosa (laman tidak wujud)">Isomaltosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laktosa" title="Laktosa">Laktosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laktulosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laktulosa (laman tidak wujud)">Laktulosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maltosa" title="Maltosa">Maltosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukrosa" title="Sukrosa">Sukrosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trehalosa" title="Trehalosa">Trehalosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turanosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turanosa (laman tidak wujud)">Turanosa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trisakarida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trisakarida (laman tidak wujud)">Trisakarida</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maltotriosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maltotriosa (laman tidak wujud)">Maltotriosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Melezitosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Melezitosa (laman tidak wujud)">Melezitosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rafinosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rafinosa (laman tidak wujud)">Rafinosa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tetrasakarida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tetrasakarida (laman tidak wujud)">Tetrasakarida</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div 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title="Isomaltooligosakarida (laman tidak wujud)">Isomaltooligosakarida</a> (IMO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maltodekstrin" title="Maltodekstrin">Maltodekstrin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Polisakarida" title="Polisakarida">Polisakarida</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beta-glukan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beta-glukan (laman tidak wujud)">Beta-glukan</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lentinan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lentinan (laman tidak wujud)">Lentinan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sizofiran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sizofiran (laman tidak wujud)">Sizofiran</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zimosan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zimosan (laman tidak 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