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<div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af" class=""><span>Skenkings</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Karmeliete" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie." class=""><span>Skep gebruiker</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Karmeliete" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Meld aan</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opsies" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlike gereedskap" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlike gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af"><span>Skenkings</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Karmeliete" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skep gebruiker</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Karmeliete" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Meld aan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bladsye vir uitgemelde redakteurs <a href="/wiki/Hulp:Inleiding" aria-label="Leer meer oor redigering"><span>leer meer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybydrae" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bydraes</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybespreking" title="Bespreking oor bydraes van hierdie IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Werf"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inleiding</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Oorsprong" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oorsprong"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Oorsprong</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oorsprong-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kaalvoet_Karmeliete" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kaalvoet_Karmeliete"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Kaalvoet Karmeliete</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kaalvoet_Karmeliete-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Franse_Revolusie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Franse_Revolusie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Franse Revolusie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Franse_Revolusie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bekende_Karmeliete_en_Karmelietesse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bekende_Karmeliete_en_Karmelietesse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Bekende Karmeliete en Karmelietesse</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bekende_Karmeliete_en_Karmelietesse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verwysings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verwysings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Verwysings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verwysings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bronne" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bronne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bronne</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bronne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_skakels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_skakels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Eksterne skakels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_skakels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Karmeliete</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 55 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-55" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">55 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%A9_%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="رهبنة كرملية – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رهبنة كرملية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%84" title="راهبات الكرمل – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="راهبات الكرمل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Кармеліты – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кармеліты" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Кармэліты – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Кармэліты" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Кармелити – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кармелити" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karmeli%C4%87ani" title="Karmelićani – Bosnies" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Karmelićani" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carmelites" title="Carmelites – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Carmelites" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%98%C3%A1d_karmelit%C3%A1n%C5%AF" title="Řád karmelitánů – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Řád karmelitánů" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karmeliterordenen" title="Karmeliterordenen – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Karmeliterordenen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karmeliten" title="Karmeliten – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Karmeliten" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carmelites" title="Carmelites – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Carmelites" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karmelanoj" title="Karmelanoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Karmelanoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orden_de_Nuestra_Se%C3%B1ora_del_Monte_Carmelo" title="Orden de Nuestra Señora del Monte Carmelo – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Orden de Nuestra Señora del Monte Carmelo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karmeldar" title="Karmeldar – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Karmeldar" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7" title="کرملی‌ها – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کرملی‌ها" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karmeliitat" title="Karmeliitat – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Karmeliitat" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordre_du_Carmel" title="Ordre du Carmel – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ordre du Carmel" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karmeliten" title="Karmeliten – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Karmeliten" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairmil%C3%ADtigh" title="Cairmilítigh – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Cairmilítigh" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orde_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_do_Monte_Carmelo" title="Orde de Santa María do Monte Carmelo – Galisies" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Orde de Santa María do Monte Carmelo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%93%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%AA%D7%99" title="המסדר הכרמליתי – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המסדר הכרמליתי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karmeli%C4%87ani" title="Karmelićani – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Karmelićani" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B2d_Kam%C3%A8l" title="Lòd Kamèl – Haïtiaans" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Lòd Kamèl" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haïtiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karmelit%C3%A1k" title="Karmeliták – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Karmeliták" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karmelit" title="Karmelit – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Karmelit" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karmelito" title="Karmelito – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Karmelito" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordine_della_Beata_Vergine_del_Monte_Carmelo" title="Ordine della Beata Vergine del Monte Carmelo – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ordine della Beata Vergine del Monte Carmelo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AB%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AB%E4%BC%9A" title="カルメル会 – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カルメル会" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karmelit" title="Karmelit – Javaans" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Karmelit" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carmel_pa%C9%A3t%CA%8A_y%C9%94%C9%94_t%C9%A9%C5%8B%C9%A9yaa" title="Carmel paɣtʊ yɔɔ tɩŋɩyaa – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Carmel paɣtʊ yɔɔ tɩŋɩyaa" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B0%80%EB%A5%B4%EB%A9%9C%ED%9A%8C" title="가르멜회 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="가르멜회" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carmelitae" title="Carmelitae – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Carmelitae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karmelitai" title="Karmelitai – Litaus" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Karmelitai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%82" title="കർമ്മലീത്താ സമൂഹം – Malabaars" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കർമ്മലീത്താ സമൂഹം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malabaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karmelitani" title="Karmelitani – Maltees" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Karmelitani" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karmelieten" title="Karmelieten – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Karmelieten" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karmelittordenen" title="Karmelittordenen – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Karmelittordenen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karmelici" title="Karmelici – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Karmelici" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordem_do_Carmo" title="Ordem do Carmo – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ordem do Carmo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordinul_carmelit" title="Ordinul carmelit – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ordinul carmelit" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Кармелиты – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кармелиты" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Кармелиттар – Sakhaans" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Кармелиттар" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakhaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carmelitanos" title="Carmelitanos – Sardinies" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Carmelitanos" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karmeli%C4%87ani" title="Karmelićani – Serwo-Kroaties" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Karmelićani" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serwo-Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carmelites" title="Carmelites – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Carmelites" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karmelit%C3%A1ni" title="Karmelitáni – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Karmelitáni" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Кармелићани – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кармелићани" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karmelitorden" title="Karmelitorden – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Karmelitorden" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wakarmeli" title="Wakarmeli – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Wakarmeli" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%8C" title="คณะคาร์เมไลท์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คณะคาร์เมไลท์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carmelita" title="Carmelita – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Carmelita" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karmelitler" title="Karmelitler – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Karmelitler" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Кармеліти – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кармеліти" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B2ng_C%C3%A1t_Minh" title="Dòng Cát Minh – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Dòng Cát Minh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Viëtnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E5%B0%94%E9%BB%98%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%9A" title="加尔默罗会 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="加尔默罗会" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q186277#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimtes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Karmeliete" title="Bekyk die inhoudbladsy [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Bladsy</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bespreking:Karmeliete" rel="discussion" title="Bespreking oor die inhoudbladsy [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input 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class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Gereedskap</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Karmeliete"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karmeliete&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karmeliete&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karmeliete&action=history"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Algemeen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Skakels_hierheen/Karmeliete" title="'n Lys bladsye wat hierheen skakel [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Skakels hierheen</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:OnlangseVeranderingsMetSkakels/Karmeliete" rel="nofollow" title="Onlangse wysigings aan bladsye wat vanaf hierdie bladsy geskakel is [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Verwante veranderings</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Spesiale_bladsye" title="'n Lys van al die spesiale bladsye [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesiale bladsye</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karmeliete&oldid=2709379" title="'n Permanente skakel na hierdie weergawe van die bladsy"><span>Permanente skakel</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karmeliete&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Bladinligting</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:CiteThisPage&page=Karmeliete&id=2709379&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Inligting oor hoe u hierdie bladsy kan verwys"><span>Haal dié blad aan</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKarmeliete"><span>Kry verkorte URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKarmeliete"><span>Laai QR-kode af</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Druk/uitvoer </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Karmeliete"><span>Skep boek</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:DownloadAsPdf&page=Karmeliete&action=show-download-screen"><span>Laai af as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karmeliete&printable=yes" title="Drukbare weergawe van hierdie bladsy [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Drukbare weergawe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ander projekte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Roman_Catholic_Carmelite_orders" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q186277" title="Skakel na gekonnekteerde databank item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Voorkoms</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">versteek</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="font-size:90%; width:25em; text-align:left;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="color:#000; background-color:; font-size:120%; text-align:center;" colspan="2">Orde van die Karmeliete </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Carmelite_order_(simple).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wapen van die Karmeliete"><img alt="Wapen van die Karmeliete" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Carmelite_order_%28simple%29.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Carmelite_order_%28simple%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Carmelite_order_%28simple%29.svg/300px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Carmelite_order_%28simple%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Carmelite_order_%28simple%29.svg/400px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Carmelite_order_%28simple%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="599" data-file-height="658" /></a></span><br /><small><div style="text-align:center">Wapen van die Karmeliete</div></small> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Latynse Naam </th> <td>Ordo Carmelitarum </td></tr> <tr> <th>Leefreël </th> <td>Leefreël van Sint Albertus </td></tr> <tr> <th>Motto </th> <td>= <i>Zelo zelatus sum pro Domino Deo exercituum</i><br /> Met vuur is ek vurig vir die Here, God van die Leërskare </td></tr> <tr> <th>Stigtingsdatum </th> <td>Laat 12de eeu </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Die kloosterorde<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> van die <b>Karmeliete</b> (<b>Karmelbeweging</b>, <b>Ordo Carmelitarum</b>, <b>O.Carm.</b>, vroulik <b>Karmelitesse</b>) is 'n <a href="/wiki/Rooms_Katolieke_Kerk" class="mw-redirect" title="Rooms Katolieke Kerk">Rooms Katolieke</a> bedelorde soos die Franciskane, Dominikane en Augustyne. Hulle onderskei hulle van die ander ordes deurdat hulle pleks van individuele armoede juis gesamentlike armoede bely. Vir hulle liggaamlike onderhoud is hulle afhanklik van eie werk of aalmoese. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Oorsprong">Oorsprong</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karmeliete&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Oorsprong" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karmeliete&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Oorsprong"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Karmel-Gent-Sacrament.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Karmel-Gent-Sacrament.JPG/220px-Karmel-Gent-Sacrament.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Karmel-Gent-Sacrament.JPG/330px-Karmel-Gent-Sacrament.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Karmel-Gent-Sacrament.JPG/440px-Karmel-Gent-Sacrament.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1070" data-file-height="965" /></a><figcaption>Karmeliete in <a href="/wiki/Gent" title="Gent">Gent</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Die orde van die Karmeliete<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> kom oorspronklik van die berg <a href="/wiki/Karmelberg" title="Karmelberg">Karmel</a> by die hawestad <a href="/wiki/Haifa" title="Haifa">Haifa</a> in <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>. Die berg word verbind is met die <a href="/wiki/Elia" title="Elia">profeet Elia</a> en is reeds vanaf sy tyd 'n blyplek vir kluisenaars wat in navolging van hom 'n aan God toegewyde lewe lei. Nat 'n hoogtepunt van die vierde tot die sewende eeu, het kluisenaarslewe daar in die elfde en twaalfde eeu 'n ware Renaissance beleef. In die twaalfde eeu het verskeie pelgrims onder leiding van Berthold van Kalabrië en Albertus van Jerusalem saam naby die bron van Elia as kluisenaars gelewe. Tussen die kluisenaarsgrotte is 'n kapel ter ere van <a href="/wiki/Maria" title="Maria">Maria</a> gebou. Vanaf die moment noem die kluisenaars hulleself 'Broeders van die heilige Maria van de Berg Karmel'. </p><p>Om 'juridiese stabiliteit' te verkry, wend die kluisenaars hulle tot Albertus van Jerusalem (Albert Avogadro) (1150–1214). Hy staan aan die basis van die offisiële leefreël van die Karmeliete. Armoede en handearbeid is volgens die leefreël die belangrikste. Wat egter karakteristiek is vir die Karmeliete, is die groot belang wat geheg word aan stil gebed. <a href="/wiki/Pous_Honorius_III" title="Pous Honorius III">Pous Honorius III</a> bevestig die orde in <a href="/wiki/1226" title="1226">1226</a>. In <a href="/wiki/1235" title="1235">1235</a> word die Karmeliete, onder die dreigende gevaar van die Sarasene, gedwing om die berg Karmel te verlaat. Die meeste trek naar dele van <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kaalvoet_Karmeliete">Kaalvoet Karmeliete</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karmeliete&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Kaalvoet Karmeliete" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karmeliete&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Kaalvoet Karmeliete"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die veertiende eeu was die Goue Eeu vir die Karmeliete; sowel op intellektuele as op spirituele vlak. Die orde ontwikkel vinnig. Daar word baie nuwe kloosters gestig en baie aandag gaan uit na die intellektuele vorming van die lede. Die intellektuele bloei gee egter ook aanleiding, saam met die <a href="/wiki/Westerse_Skisma" title="Westerse Skisma">Westerse Skisma</a> (1378–1417) en die grote pes-epidemie (1347–1354), tot die verval wat op baie plekke voorkom vanaf die einde van die veertiende eeu. Die misbruike wat ontstaan het, het die verlange doen groei na hervorming. Die effektiefste hervorming kom tot stand onder Theresia van Ávila. Die hervormings steun veral op armoede, gebed en afsondering. In <a href="/wiki/1568" title="1568">1568</a> ontstaan die eerste klooster van de <b> Kaalvoet Karmeliete</b> (Ordo Carmelitarum Discalceatorum, OCD). Vanaf die oomblik bestaan daar dan 'n skeiding tussen die Kaalvoet Karmeliete en die Karmeliete wat wel skoene dra. Let wel dat die "Kaalvoet" (Eng. Discalced) slegs beteken dat hulle nie kouse en skoene dra nie, maar wel sandale. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Franse_Revolusie">Franse Revolusie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karmeliete&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Franse Revolusie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karmeliete&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Franse Revolusie"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aan die einde van die agttiende en in die begin van die negentiende eeu kom daar vir die Karmeliete 'n dieptepunt in hulle geskiedenis, hierdie keer veroorsaak deur eksterne faktore. Met name deur die <a href="/wiki/Franse_Revolusie" class="mw-redirect" title="Franse Revolusie">Franse Revolusie</a> en die verspreiding van nuwe ideë deur <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_Bonaparte" title="Napoleon Bonaparte">Napoleon</a> word aan die Karmeliete 'n groot slag toegedien. Die resultaat van die vervolgingsperiode was dramaties vir die Karmeliete, net soos ook vir die meeste ander ordes. Pas in die middel van die negentiende eeu of later word nuwe kloosters gestig. In Nederland en België verdwyn die geskoeide Karmeliete amper heeltemal met uitsondering van die Boxmeer en in Vilvoorde. In 'n paar stede bly die Kaalvoet Karmeliete bestaan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bekende_Karmeliete_en_Karmelietesse">Bekende Karmeliete en Karmelietesse</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karmeliete&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Wysig afdeling: Bekende Karmeliete en Karmelietesse" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karmeliete&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Bekende Karmeliete en Karmelietesse"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Behalwe Theresia van Ávila, is veral die heilige Johannes van die Kruis, Theresia van Lisieux en Edith Stein (Theresia-Benedicta van die Kruis) bekende Karmeliete. 'n Bekende Nederlandse Karmeliet is Titus Brandsma. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwysings">Verwysings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karmeliete&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Wysig afdeling: Verwysings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karmeliete&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Verwysings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Carmelite. (2008). <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>. Deluxe Edition. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Zimmerman, B. (1908). The Carmelite Order. In The Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Besoek op Julie 30, 2015 by New Advent: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03354a.htm">http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03354a.htm</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bronne">Bronne</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karmeliete&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Wysig afdeling: Bronne" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karmeliete&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Bronne"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="toccolours" style="text-align: left; width: 100%; font-size: 85%; clear:both; margin: 0em 0em -0.5em; padding: .5em 1em; vertical-align: middle;"> <tbody><tr> <td>Hierdie artikel is in sy geheel of gedeeltelik vanuit <span class="plainlinks"></span><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karmelieten" class="extiw" title="nl:Karmelieten">die Nederlandse Wikipedia</a> vertaal. </td> <td width="20"><div style="position: relative; width: 20px; height: 20px; overflow: hidden"> <div style="position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px; font-size: 100px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 100px; z-index: 3"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Vertaalvanaf/info" class="mw-redirect" title="Sjabloon:Vertaalvanaf/info"><span title="Klik vir info oor hierdie sjabloon.">   </span></a></div> <div style="position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px; z-index: 2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Crystal_txt.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Klik vir info oor hierdie sjabloon."><img alt="Klik vir info oor hierdie sjabloon." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Crystal_txt.png/20px-Crystal_txt.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Crystal_txt.png/30px-Crystal_txt.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Crystal_txt.png/40px-Crystal_txt.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></div> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_skakels">Eksterne skakels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karmeliete&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Wysig afdeling: Eksterne skakels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karmeliete&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne skakels"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:var(--background-color-base, #fff);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1);color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons bevat media in verband met <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Carmelites" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Carmelites">Karmeliete</a></b></i>.</td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.intratext.com/y/ENG0010.HTM">Leefreël van Karmel (Engels)</a></li> <li><a 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