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Mustlased – Vikipeedia
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class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sisukord</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">vii külgpaanile</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">peida</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Algus</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Päritolu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Päritolu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Päritolu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Päritolu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kultuur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kultuur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Kultuur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kultuur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Teine_maailmasõda" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Teine_maailmasõda"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Teine maailmasõda</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Teine_maailmasõda-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Romad_Eestis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Romad_Eestis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Romad Eestis</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Romad_Eestis-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Lülita ümber alaosa "Romad Eestis"</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Romad_Eestis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Genotsiid_mustlaste_vastu_Eestis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Genotsiid_mustlaste_vastu_Eestis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Genotsiid mustlaste vastu Eestis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Genotsiid_mustlaste_vastu_Eestis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uurimine_ja_kajastus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uurimine_ja_kajastus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Uurimine ja kajastus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uurimine_ja_kajastus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nimetus_eesti_keeles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nimetus_eesti_keeles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Nimetus eesti keeles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nimetus_eesti_keeles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vaata_ka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vaata_ka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Vaata ka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vaata_ka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Viited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Viited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Viited</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Viited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kirjandus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kirjandus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Kirjandus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kirjandus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Välislingid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Välislingid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Välislingid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Välislingid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sisukord" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Lülita sisukord ümber" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Lülita sisukord ümber</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mustlased</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mine teises keeles artiklisse. Saadaval 122 keeles" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-122" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">122 keelt</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ureu%C3%ABng_Rom" title="Ureuëng Rom – atšehi" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Ureuëng Rom" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="atšehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – afrikaani" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – šveitsisaksa" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="šveitsisaksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%82%E1%8D%95%E1%88%B2%E1%8B%8E%E1%89%BD" title="ጂፕሲዎች – amhara" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ጂፕሲዎች" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amhara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%AC%D8%B1" title="غجر – araabia" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غجر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="araabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chitans" title="Chitans – aragoni" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Chitans" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pueblu_xitanu" title="Pueblu xitanu – astuuria" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Pueblu xitanu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astuuria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qara%C3%A7%C4%B1lar" title="Qaraçılar – aserbaidžaani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qaraçılar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbaidžaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%86%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="قاراچیلار – lõunaaserbaidžaani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قاراچیلار" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="lõunaaserbaidžaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suku_Romani" title="Suku Romani – indoneesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Suku Romani" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_Roma" title="Orang Roma – malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Orang Roma" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="রোমানি জাতি – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রোমানি জাতি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma-l%C3%A2ng" title="Roma-lâng – lõunamini" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Roma-lâng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="lõunamini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Сиғандар – baškiiri" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Сиғандар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškiiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8B%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Цыганы – valgevene" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Цыганы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="valgevene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8B%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Цыганы – valgevene (taraškievitsa)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Цыганы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="valgevene (taraškievitsa)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – baieri" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="baieri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romi" title="Romi – bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Romi" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romed" title="Romed – bretooni" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Romed" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretooni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Цигани – bulgaaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Цигани" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gitanos" title="Gitanos – katalaani" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gitanos" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Чикансем – tšuvaši" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Чикансем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tšuvaši" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romov%C3%A9" title="Romové – tšehhi" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Romové" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tšehhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – kõmri" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="kõmri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romaer" title="Romaer – taani" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Romaer" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="taani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom%C3%A1nat" title="Románat – põhjasaami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Románat" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="põhjasaami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zigeiner" title="Zigeiner – Pennsylvania saksa" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Zigeiner" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania saksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – saksa" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="saksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AC" title="Ρομά – kreeka" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ρομά" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="kreeka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romani_people" title="Romani people – inglise" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Romani people" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8B%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Цыган ломанть – ersa" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Цыган ломанть" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="ersa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pueblo_gitano" title="Pueblo gitano – hispaania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pueblo gitano" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispaania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciganoj" title="Ciganoj – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ciganoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erromani" title="Erromani – baski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Erromani" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%85_%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="مردم کولی – pärsia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مردم کولی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="pärsia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romaf%C3%B3lki%C3%B0" title="Romafólkið – fääri" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Romafólkið" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="fääri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roms" title="Roms – prantsuse" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Roms" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="prantsuse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma_(folk)" title="Roma (folk) – läänefriisi" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Roma (folk)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="läänefriisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanaithe" title="Romanaithe – iiri" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Romanaithe" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="iiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87ingenel%C3%A4r" title="Çingenelär – gagauusi" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Çingenelär" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="gagauusi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pobo_xitano" title="Pobo xitano – galeegi" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pobo xitano" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galeegi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A1%AC%EC%9D%B8" title="롬인 – korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="롬인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutanen_Romani" title="Mutanen Romani – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Mutanen Romani" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%B6%D5%B9%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Գնչուներ – armeenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գնչուներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE_(%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97)" title="रोमा (लोग) – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रोमा (लोग)" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romi" title="Romi – horvaadi" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Romi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="horvaadi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romi" title="Romi – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Romi" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nd%E1%BB%8B_Rom" title="Ndị Rom – ibo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ndị Rom" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="ibo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%B0%D0%B4%C3%A6%D0%BC" title="Цигайнаг адæм – osseedi" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Цигайнаг адæм" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osseedi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B3maf%C3%B3lk" title="Rómafólk – islandi" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Rómafólk" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popoli_roman%C3%AD" title="Popoli romaní – itaalia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Popoli romaní" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itaalia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9D" title="צוענים – heebrea" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="צוענים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="heebrea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ბოშები – gruusia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბოშები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8B%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Сығандар – kasahhi" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сығандар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasahhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jitan" title="Jitan – haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Jitan" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_(gel)" title="Roman (gel) – kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Roman (gel)" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zingari" title="Zingari – ladina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Zingari" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ladina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cig%C4%81ni" title="Čigāni – läti" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Čigāni" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="läti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zigeiner" title="Zigeiner – letseburgi" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Zigeiner" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="letseburgi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cigonai" title="Čigonai – leedu" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Čigonai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="leedu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" title="Roma – limburgi" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Roma" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romani" title="Romani – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Romani" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cig%C3%A1nyok" title="Cigányok – ungari" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Cigányok" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Роми – makedoonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Роми" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedoonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jit%C3%A0na" title="Jitàna – malagassi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Jitàna" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagassi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8A%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%A4" title="റൊമാനി ജനത – malajalami" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റൊമാനി ജനത" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80" title="रोमा जिप्सी – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रोमा जिप्सी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A9%E1%83%90%E1%83%A9%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ჩაჩანეფი – megreli" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჩაჩანეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="megreli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%AC%D8%B1" title="غجر – Egiptuse araabia" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="غجر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egiptuse araabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="الیات – mazandaraani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="الیات" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandaraani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urang_Rumani" title="Urang Rumani – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Urang Rumani" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciganos" title="Ciganos – miranda" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Ciganos" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="miranda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%85%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B0%E1%80%99%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B8" title="ဂျစ်ပစီလူမျိုး – birma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂျစ်ပစီလူမျိုး" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma_(volk)" title="Roma (volk) – hollandi" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Roma (volk)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="hollandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%9E" title="ロマ – jaapani" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ロマ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="jaapani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Цигонаш – tšetšeeni" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Цигонаш" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="tšetšeeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romfolket" title="Romfolket – norra bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Romfolket" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norra bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sig%C3%B8ynarar" title="Sigøynarar – uusnorra" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sigøynarar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="uusnorra" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gitanos" title="Gitanos – oksitaani" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Gitanos" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE_(%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%95)" title="ਰੋਮਾ (ਲੋਕ) – pandžabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰੋਮਾ (ਲੋਕ)" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%BE%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D9%84%D9%88%DA%A9" title="جپسی لوک – lahnda" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جپسی لوک" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="lahnda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gypsy" title="Gypsy – Jamaica kreoolkeel" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Gypsy" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaica kreoolkeel" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romowie" title="Romowie – poola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Romowie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciganos" title="Ciganos – portugali" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ciganos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87ingeneler" title="Çingeneler – krimmitatari" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Çingeneler" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="krimmitatari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romi" title="Romi – rumeenia" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Romi" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romane_manusha" title="Romane manusha – Valahhia mustlaskeel" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Romane manusha" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Valahhia mustlaskeel" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumani_runa" title="Rumani runa – ketšua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Rumani runa" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="ketšua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D2%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Циґане – russiini" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Циґане" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="russiini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8B%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Цыгане – vene" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Цыгане" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="vene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romani_fowk" title="Romani fowk – šoti" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Romani fowk" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="šoti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinti_un_Roma" title="Sinti un Roma – saterfriisi" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Sinti un Roma" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterfriisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom%C3%ABt" title="Romët – albaania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Romët" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gitani" title="Gitani – sitsiilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Gitani" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sitsiilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma_people" title="Roma people – lihtsustatud inglise" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Roma people" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="lihtsustatud inglise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%BE%D8%B3%D9%8A" title="جپسي – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="جپسي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B3movia" title="Rómovia – slovaki" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Rómovia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romi" title="Romi – sloveeni" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Romi" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma_(qaran)" title="Roma (qaran) – somaali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Roma (qaran)" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somaali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%86%D9%85" title="دۆم – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دۆم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Роми – serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Роми" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romi" title="Romi – serbia-horvaadi" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Romi" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbia-horvaadi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanit" title="Romanit – soome" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Romanit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="soome" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romer" title="Romer – rootsi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Romer" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="rootsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hitano" title="Hitano – tagalogi" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Hitano" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalogi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="உரோமானி மக்கள் – tamili" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உரோமானி மக்கள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iziganen" title="Iziganen – kabiili" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Iziganen" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabiili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D0%B3%D3%99%D0%BD%D0%BD%D3%99%D1%80" title="Чегәннәр – tatari" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Чегәннәр" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5" title="ชาวโรมานี – tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ชาวโรมานี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Digan" title="Người Digan – vietnami" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Người Digan" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D3%AF%D0%BB%D0%B8%D2%B3%D0%BE" title="Лӯлиҳо – tadžiki" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Лӯлиҳо" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87ingeneler" title="Çingeneler – türgi" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Çingeneler" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="türgi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Цигани – ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Цигани" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C" title="رومینی – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="رومینی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustlas%C3%B5q" title="Mustlasõq – võru" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Mustlasõq" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djupsyins_(peupe)" title="Djupsyins (peupe) – vallooni" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Djupsyins (peupe)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="vallooni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romani_(katawhan)" title="Romani (katawhan) – varai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Romani (katawhan)" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E5%A7%86%E4%BA%BA" title="罗姆人 – uu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="罗姆人" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="uu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%92%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%A2%D7%A8" title="ציגיינער – jidiši" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ציגיינער" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidiši" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%8D%9C%E8%B3%BD%E4%BA%BA" title="吉卜賽人 – kantoni" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="吉卜賽人" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_(%C5%9Far)" title="Roman (şar) – dõmli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Roman (şar)" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="dõmli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E5%A7%86%E4%BA%BA" title="罗姆人 – hiina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="罗姆人" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="hiina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8060#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Muuda keelelinke" class="wbc-editpage">Muuda linke</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nimeruumid"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> 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class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ilme</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">vii külgpaanile</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">peida</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Allikas: Vikipeedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="et" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Eurogipsy.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Eurogipsy.PNG/220px-Eurogipsy.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Eurogipsy.PNG/330px-Eurogipsy.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Eurogipsy.PNG/440px-Eurogipsy.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1166" data-file-height="1036" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Mustlased</b> ehk <b>romad</b> (varem eesti keeles ka <i>romid</i>; omakeelne nimetus <i>rom</i>, mitmus <i>roma</i>, 'mees; inimene') on <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> põhjapiirkondadest pärinev <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A4ndrahvas" class="mw-redirect" title="Rändrahvas">rändrahvas</a>. Romad kuuluvad suurde <a href="/wiki/Mustlaskeel" title="Mustlaskeel">mustlaskeelsesse</a> rahvastikurühma. <a href="/wiki/Euroopa" title="Euroopa">Euroopa</a> romade <a href="/wiki/Keel_(keeleteadus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Keel (keeleteadus)">keel</a> on suguluses <a href="/wiki/Sanskriti_keel" title="Sanskriti keel">sanskriti keelega</a> ja sisaldab laensõnu nii <a href="/wiki/Indoeuroopa_keelkond" class="mw-redirect" title="Indoeuroopa keelkond">indoeuroopa</a> kui muudest keeltest. Ühtekokku elab maailmas ligikaudu 8–10 miljonit romat. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Movimiento_gitano.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Movimiento_gitano.jpg/220px-Movimiento_gitano.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Movimiento_gitano.jpg/330px-Movimiento_gitano.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Movimiento_gitano.jpg/440px-Movimiento_gitano.jpg 2x" data-file-width="647" data-file-height="536" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>Suurimad romakogukonnad Euroopas asuvad <a href="/wiki/Ungari" title="Ungari">Ungaris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovakkia" title="Slovakkia">Slovakkias</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Rumeenia" title="Rumeenia">Rumeenias</a>. Arvatakse, et <a href="/wiki/11._sajand" title="11. sajand">11. sajandi</a> alguses aeti Indiast välja hulk madalamasse kasti kuuluvaid hindusid, kes läksid maailma rändama ja keda hakati nimetama mustlasteks (tänapäeval romadeks). <a href="/wiki/15._sajand" title="15. sajand">15. sajandil</a> jõudsid nad Euroopasse. Nad jaotusid peamiselt <a href="/wiki/Venemaa" title="Venemaa">Venemaale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hispaania" title="Hispaania">Hispaaniasse</a> ja Ungarisse.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Vikipeedia:Viitamine" title="Vikipeedia:Viitamine"><span title="See väide vajab viidet.">viide?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Flag_of_the_Romani_people.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_the_Romani_people.svg/220px-Flag_of_the_Romani_people.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_the_Romani_people.svg/330px-Flag_of_the_Romani_people.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_the_Romani_people.svg/440px-Flag_of_the_Romani_people.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Roma_lipp" title="Roma lipp">Mustlaste lipp</a></figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Päritolu"><span id="P.C3.A4ritolu"></span>Päritolu</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustlased&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Muuda alaosa "Päritolu"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustlased&action=edit&section=1" title="Muuda alaosa "Päritolu" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Romade algkodu asus Kesk-Indias (tänapäeva <a href="/wiki/Rajastan" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajastan">Rajastani</a> provintsis), kust nad emigreerusid loode suunas kõige varem 11. sajandil.<sup id="cite_ref-uNlml_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uNlml-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nad olid kaupmehed, käsitöölised ja isegi sõjamehed. Hobusekasvatuse võtsid romad üle araabia maade kultuurist.<sup id="cite_ref-Ui9Qx_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ui9Qx-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kultuur">Kultuur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustlased&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Muuda alaosa "Kultuur"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustlased&action=edit&section=2" title="Muuda alaosa "Kultuur" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rändrahvana tegelesid romad peamiselt <a href="/wiki/Hobusekasvatus" title="Hobusekasvatus">hobusekasvatuse</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metallit%C3%B6%C3%B6stus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metallitööstus (pole veel kirjutatud)">metallitöötlemise</a> ja <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%A4ndkaupmees&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rändkaupmees (pole veel kirjutatud)">rändkauplemisega</a>. Ametilt olid romad eeskätt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Katelsepp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katelsepp (pole veel kirjutatud)">katelsepad</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hobuserautamine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hobuserautamine (pole veel kirjutatud)">hobuserautajad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Korvipunumine" title="Korvipunumine">korvipunujad</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tellisep%C3%B5letamine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tellisepõletamine (pole veel kirjutatud)">tellisepõletajad</a> ja <a href="/w/index.php?title=P%C3%A4eviline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Päeviline (pole veel kirjutatud)">päevilised</a>. Need tegevusalad on jälje jätnud romade kultuuri ja seda pole mõjutanud ka hilisem tööstuse areng ega paiksem eluviis. Hispaanias, kuhu rändas suurem rühm romasid, tekkis 15. sajandil rahvuslik tants <a href="/wiki/Flamenko" title="Flamenko">flamenko</a>. See on segatud <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hispaania_kultuur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hispaania kultuur (pole veel kirjutatud)">hispaania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maurid" title="Maurid">mauri</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Keldi_kultuur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keldi kultuur (pole veel kirjutatud)">keldi</a> ja <a href="/w/index.php?title=Araabia_kultuur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Araabia kultuur (pole veel kirjutatud)">araabia kultuuri</a> elementidega. Lavale jõudis flamenko <a href="/wiki/19._sajand" title="19. sajand">19. sajandil</a>. Teine suurem romade rühm rändas Venemaale. Nende tantsu tunneme vene romatantsuna. See on põhimõtteliselt sama tants, kuid sellel ei ole oma konkreetset nimetust. Kolmas suur rühm mustlasi jõudis Ungarisse ning seal hakkas <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ungari_kultuur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ungari kultuur (pole veel kirjutatud)">ungari kultuuriga</a> segunedes vohama Ungari romatants ja -kultuur. Hispaania romad musitseerivad <a href="/wiki/Kitarr" title="Kitarr">kitarri</a> ja <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%BCtmipilli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rütmipilli (pole veel kirjutatud)">rütmipillidega</a>. Kõigepealt arenes laul, tants tuli viimasena. Ungari romad kasutavad palju <a href="/wiki/Viiul" title="Viiul">viiulit</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Tamburiin" title="Tamburiin">tamburiini</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Vikipeedia:Viitamine" title="Vikipeedia:Viitamine"><span title="See väide vajab viidet.">viide?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Bundesarchiv_R_165_Bild-244-52,_Asperg,_Deportation_von_Sinti_und_Roma.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Bundesarchiv_R_165_Bild-244-52%2C_Asperg%2C_Deportation_von_Sinti_und_Roma.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_R_165_Bild-244-52%2C_Asperg%2C_Deportation_von_Sinti_und_Roma.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Bundesarchiv_R_165_Bild-244-52%2C_Asperg%2C_Deportation_von_Sinti_und_Roma.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_R_165_Bild-244-52%2C_Asperg%2C_Deportation_von_Sinti_und_Roma.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Bundesarchiv_R_165_Bild-244-52%2C_Asperg%2C_Deportation_von_Sinti_und_Roma.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_R_165_Bild-244-52%2C_Asperg%2C_Deportation_von_Sinti_und_Roma.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="499" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asperg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asperg (pole veel kirjutatud)">Asperg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Baden-Württemberg">Baden-Württemberg</a>. Vanematest eraldatud <a href="/wiki/Natside_poolt_kordasaadetud_lastem%C3%B5rvade_loetelu" class="mw-redirect" title="Natside poolt kordasaadetud lastemõrvade loetelu">mustlaslapsed</a> enne <a href="/wiki/Koonduslaager" title="Koonduslaager">koonduslaagrisse</a> saatmist, <a href="/wiki/22._mai" title="22. mai">22. mai</a> <a href="/wiki/1940" title="1940">1940</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Teine_maailmasõda"><span id="Teine_maailmas.C3.B5da"></span>Teine maailmasõda</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustlased&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Muuda alaosa "Teine maailmasõda"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustlased&action=edit&section=3" title="Muuda alaosa "Teine maailmasõda" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Teine_maailmas%C3%B5da" title="Teine maailmasõda">Teine maailmasõda</a> oli Euroopa romade elus suur teelahe. Saksamaa <a href="/wiki/Natsionaalsotsialism" title="Natsionaalsotsialism">natsionaalsotsialistliku</a> režiimi ajal hävitati romasid samade põhjendustega nagu juute.<sup id="cite_ref-0LEoK_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-0LEoK-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Koonduslaager" title="Koonduslaager">Koonduslaagrites</a> hukkus või lasti maha 150 000–500 000 romat. Pääsesid vaid need, kel õnnestus end varjata.<sup id="cite_ref-ZUzFA_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ZUzFA-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Romade endi seas levib <a href="/wiki/Romade_holokaust" title="Romade holokaust">romade holokausti</a> kohta nimetus <i>porajmos</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Romad_Eestis">Romad Eestis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustlased&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Muuda alaosa "Romad Eestis"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustlased&action=edit&section=4" title="Muuda alaosa "Romad Eestis" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Next.svg/12px-Next.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Next.svg/18px-Next.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Next.svg/24px-Next.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></span></span> <i>Pikemalt artiklis <a href="/wiki/Mustlased_Eestis" class="mw-redirect" title="Mustlased Eestis">Mustlased Eestis</a></i></dd></dl> <p>Esimene teade romadest Eestis pärineb <a href="/wiki/1533" title="1533">1533</a>. aasta 23. maist, mil romale nimega Clawes anti Tallinnas <a href="/wiki/Turve" title="Turve">turve</a>, et ta saaks koguda enda kaitseks tõendeid, kuna ta olla löönud surnuks oma lellepoja Christofferi.<sup id="cite_ref-Künstler_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Künstler-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Püsivalt ilmusid romad Eestisse <a href="/wiki/17._sajand" title="17. sajand">17. sajandil</a>. Nad põhjustasid eesti rahvale harjumatute elukommetega palju sekeldusi ja neid püüti korduvalt välja ajada kõigepealt linnadest, hiljem kogu maalt. See ei õnnestunud, mistõttu püüti romasid kinnistada teatud paikadesse, et nad elaksid koos talupoegadega ja oleksid nende valve all. <a href="/wiki/1841" title="1841">1841</a>. aastal koondati eestlaste hulgas rändlevad romad Liivimaa kindralkuberneri käsul <a href="/wiki/Laiuse_vald" title="Laiuse vald">Laiuse</a> kroonuvalla hingekirja. Tol korral kirja pandud romad kuulusid kuude sugukonda, kelle nimed olid Indus, Maddisson, Lama, Lakak, Guruni ja Welberk.<sup id="cite_ref-Ui9Qx_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ui9Qx-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Genotsiid_mustlaste_vastu_Eestis">Genotsiid mustlaste vastu Eestis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustlased&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Muuda alaosa "Genotsiid mustlaste vastu Eestis"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustlased&action=edit&section=5" title="Muuda alaosa "Genotsiid mustlaste vastu Eestis" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/1934" title="1934">1934</a>. aasta rahvaloenduse andmetel oli <a href="/wiki/Eesti" title="Eesti">Eestis</a> 776 romat<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Pärast <a href="/wiki/Saksa_okupatsioon_Eestis_(1941%E2%80%931944)" title="Saksa okupatsioon Eestis (1941–1944)">Eesti okupeerimist Saksamaa poolt 1941. aastal</a> romad vahistati ja paigutati koonduslaagritesse.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aastatel <a href="/wiki/1941" title="1941">1941</a>–<a href="/wiki/1943" title="1943">1943</a> mõrvati enamik Eesti alade romadest, vaid mõnel üksikul õnnestus end varjates pääseda.<sup id="cite_ref-yaA4o_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yaA4o-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Romade genotsiidi nimetus roma keeles on <i><a href="/wiki/Romade_holokaust" title="Romade holokaust">porajmos</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Uurimine_ja_kajastus">Uurimine ja kajastus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustlased&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Muuda alaosa "Uurimine ja kajastus"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustlased&action=edit&section=6" title="Muuda alaosa "Uurimine ja kajastus" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Eesti romasid ja romakeelt on uurinud keeleteadlane <a href="/wiki/Paul_Ariste" title="Paul Ariste">Paul Ariste</a>. Ta on avaldanud sel teemal artikleid ja 1940. aastal monograafia "Laiuse mustlased". 2012. aastal ilmus tema artiklite kogumik "Mustlaste raamat". Ariste tegevust kajastab Madis Arukase 2001. aastal valminud film "Paul Ariste kaks armastust: vadjalased ja mustlased". 2010. aastal valmis režissöör <a href="/wiki/Vahur_Laiapea" title="Vahur Laiapea">Vahur Laiapea</a> film Eesti romadest "Mustlase missioon".<sup id="cite_ref-Künstler_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Künstler-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nimetus_eesti_keeles">Nimetus eesti keeles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustlased&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Muuda alaosa "Nimetus eesti keeles"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustlased&action=edit&section=7" title="Muuda alaosa "Nimetus eesti keeles" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Traditsiooniline eestikeelne nimetus "mustlased" oli algselt halvustava alatooniga, kuid hiljem muutus neutraalseks, on kinnitanud <a href="/wiki/Eesti_Keele_Instituut" title="Eesti Keele Instituut">Eesti Keele Instituudi</a> direktor <a href="/wiki/Urmas_Sutrop" title="Urmas Sutrop">Urmas Sutrop</a>. Euroopas võideldakse Sutropi sõnul mitmes keeles levinud <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B5nat%C3%BCvi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sõnatüvi">sõnatüve</a> <i>Zigeuner</i>/<i>tsigan</i> vastu; <a href="/wiki/Euroopa_N%C3%B5ukogu" title="Euroopa Nõukogu">Euroopa Nõukogu</a> soovitab kasutada omanimetusi <i>roma</i>, <i>sinti</i> või <i><a href="/wiki/Soome_romad" title="Soome romad">kale</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Inim%C3%B5iguste_Instituut" title="Inimõiguste Instituut">Inimõiguste Instituudi</a> seisukoht on, et "mustlane" ei ole neutraalne ja selle asemel tuleks öelda roma.<sup id="cite_ref-TZzKW_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TZzKW-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vaata_ka">Vaata ka</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustlased&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Muuda alaosa "Vaata ka"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustlased&action=edit&section=8" title="Muuda alaosa "Vaata ka" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gandhi_g%C3%BCmnaasium" title="Gandhi gümnaasium">Gandhi gümnaasium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustlasromanss" title="Mustlasromanss">Mustlasromanss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rahvusvaheline_romade_p%C3%A4ev" title="Rahvusvaheline romade päev">Rahvusvaheline romade päev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustlastants" title="Mustlastants">Mustlastants</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Viited">Viited</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustlased&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Muuda alaosa "Viited"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustlased&action=edit&section=9" title="Muuda alaosa "Viited" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-uNlml-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-uNlml_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ian Hancock "Ame Sam e Rromane Džene/We are the Romani people", New York 2002, lk 13</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ui9Qx-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Ui9Qx_2-0">2,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Ui9Qx_2-1">2,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Paul Ariste, "Mustlaste raamat", Tallinn, Eesti Keele Sihtasutus 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-0LEoK-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-0LEoK_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Risto Blomster <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.folklore.ee/rl/pubte/ee/NT/profo6/Blomster.htm">"Eesti mustlased enne Teist maailmasõda"</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ZUzFA-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ZUzFA_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Tiito Himma <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ohtuleht.ee/14505">"Kuidas elavad eesti mustlased"</a> Õhtuleht, 22. detsember 1997 (vaadatud 29. mail 2013)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Künstler-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Künstler_5-0">5,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Künstler_5-1">5,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Aili Künstler <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131023131554/http://www.sirp.ee/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=10767:pealelend-urmas-sutrop-eesti-keele-instituudi-direktor-tartu-uelikooli-professor&catid=18:varamu&Itemid=15&issue=3300">"PEALELEND: Urmas Sutrop, Eesti Keele Instituudi direktor, Tartu ülikooli professor"</a> Sirp, 20.05.2010 (intervjuu filmi "Mustlase missioon" teemal)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6066747">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFVahur_Laiapea2010" class="citation web cs1">Vahur Laiapea (20. mai 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sirp.ee/s1-artiklid/varamu/mustlased-elu-filmi-taga/">"Mustlased. Elu filmi taga"</a>. <i>Sirp</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sirp&rft.atitle=Mustlased.+Elu+filmi+taga&rft.date=2010-05-20&rft.au=Vahur+Laiapea&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsirp.ee%2Fs1-artiklid%2Fvaramu%2Fmustlased-elu-filmi-taga%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fet.wikipedia.org%3AMustlased" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6066747"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eestijuured.ee/et/artiklid/juutide-ja-mustlaste-genotsiid-eestis">"Juutide ja mustlaste genotsiid Eestis | Eesti juured"</a>. <i>www.eestijuured.ee</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Vaadatud 1. oktoobril 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.eestijuured.ee&rft.atitle=Juutide+ja+mustlaste+genotsiid+Eestis+%7C+Eesti+juured&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eestijuured.ee%2Fet%2Fartiklid%2Fjuutide-ja-mustlaste-genotsiid-eestis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fet.wikipedia.org%3AMustlased" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-yaA4o-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-yaA4o_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Eesti ajalugu VI" Tartu, 2005, lk 203</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TZzKW-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-TZzKW_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Vahur Koorits <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.epl.ee/news/eesti/inimoiguslased-mustlase-asemel-tuleb-oelda-roma.d?id=66201596">"Inimõiguslased: "mustlase" asemel tuleb öelda "roma""</a> EPL, 29. mai 2013 (vaadatud 29. mail 2013)</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kirjandus">Kirjandus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustlased&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Muuda alaosa "Kirjandus"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustlased&action=edit&section=10" title="Muuda alaosa "Kirjandus" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Risto Blomster "Eesti mustlased enne Teist maailmasõda. Lohetapja" Tartu, 1999, 9985-9214-1-0, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pro_folkloristica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pro folkloristica (pole veel kirjutatud)">Pro folkloristica</a>, 1406–3808, 6, lk 36–41</li> <li>Kati Murutar "Päikeselapsed: [Eesti mustlaste elust ja kommetest]" Favoriit, 1406–2186, (1999) jaanuar, lk 36–39</li> <li>Paul Ariste "Laiuse mustlased" Acta Universitatis Tartuensis/Dorpatensis. B; 50.1: Tartu, 1940</li> <li>"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digar.nlib.ee/otsing/avaleht?pid=nlib-digar:14715">Mustlased</a>" Eesti Politseileht, 14. märts 1925, nr 11, lk 164–166.</li> <li>H. V. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digar.nlib.ee/otsing/avaleht?pid=nlib-digar:14732">Mustlastest</a>" Eesti Politseileht, 1. august 1925, nr 31, lk 466–467</li> <li>Mis teha mustlastega? <a href="/wiki/Uus_Eesti" title="Uus Eesti">Uus Eesti</a>, 25. september 1938, nr 263, lk 4</li> <li>Eestis elab tuhat mustlast. Uus Eesti, 4. jaanuar 1936, nr 4, lk 7</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Välislingid"><span id="V.C3.A4lislingid"></span>Välislingid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustlased&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Muuda alaosa "Välislingid"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustlased&action=edit&section=11" title="Muuda alaosa "Välislingid" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6724296">.mw-parser-output table.side-box{margin:4px 0;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output th.side-box-text,.mw-parser-output td.side-box-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output td.side-box-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output td.side-box-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output table.side-box a>img{max-width:none!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output table.side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output table.side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output table.side-box-left{margin-right:1em;border-collapse:collapse}}</style><table role="presentation" class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"> <tbody><tr> <td class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Wikiquote-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span></td> <td class="side-box-text">Tsitaadid Vikitsitaatides: <b><a href="https://et.wikiquote.org/wiki/Romad" class="extiw" title="q:Romad">Romad</a></b></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li>George Soros <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://epl.delfi.ee/artikkel/67584832">Haridus päästab tagakiusatud</a> Eesti Päevaleht 10. jaanuar 2014</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.postimees.ee/2625220/ulekanne-loengust-mustlased-eestis-omad-voi-voorad">Ülekanne loengust: mustlased Eestis – omad või võõrad?</a> Postimees 9. detsember 2013 (Judit Strömpl)</li> <li>Vahur Koorits <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://epl.delfi.ee/artikkel/66201596">"Inimõiguslased: „mustlase” asemel tuleb öelda "roma""</a> EPL, 29. mai 2013</li> <li>Tiito Himma <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ohtuleht.ee/14505">"Kuidas elavad eesti mustlased"</a> Õhtuleht, 22. detsember 1997</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://etv2.err.ee/v/kultuur/dokfilmid/saated/291ad2bb-7eed-4324-a2ed-4f13473ba285">Mustlase missioon (Eesti 2010)</a>, <a href="/wiki/ETV2" title="ETV2">ETV2</a>, peategelane on Georg Vinogradov.</li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐d465dfd78‐q89hr Cached time: 20241126131909 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.224 seconds Real time usage: 0.424 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 622/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 5656/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 554/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 10437/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.121/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4510673/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 250.290 1 -total 39.74% 99.473 1 Mall:Viited 34.27% 85.769 2 Mall:Netiviide 31.10% 77.835 1 Mall:Vikitsitaadid 30.44% 76.184 1 Mall:Sõsarprojekt 29.81% 74.610 1 Mall:Äärekast 24.83% 62.159 2 Mall:Lisa_viide 14.60% 36.551 1 Mall:Fix 10.17% 25.453 2 Mall:Category_handler 1.84% 4.597 1 Mall:Delink --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key etwiki:pcache:15033:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241126131909 and revision id 6759638. 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