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Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Infantry brigade of the United States Army</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">172d Infantry Brigade</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:172nd_Infantry_Brigade_CSIB.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/172nd_Infantry_Brigade_CSIB.svg/220px-172nd_Infantry_Brigade_CSIB.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="334" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/172nd_Infantry_Brigade_CSIB.svg/330px-172nd_Infantry_Brigade_CSIB.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/172nd_Infantry_Brigade_CSIB.svg/440px-172nd_Infantry_Brigade_CSIB.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="156" data-file-height="237" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">172nd Infantry Brigade <a href="/wiki/Shoulder_Sleeve_Insignia" class="mw-redirect" title="Shoulder Sleeve Insignia">Shoulder Sleeve Insignia</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Active</th><td class="infobox-data">5 August 1917 – 15 April 1986<br />17 April 1998 – 15 December 2006<br />17 March 2008 – 31 May 2013</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span data-sort-value="United States"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/43px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="6336" data-file-height="4992" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Infantry" title="Infantry">Infantry</a> <a href="/wiki/Brigade" title="Brigade">Brigade</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Role</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mechanized_infantry" title="Mechanized infantry">Mechanized Infantry</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Size</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Brigade" title="Brigade">Brigade</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/V_Corps_(United_States)" title="V Corps (United States)">V Corps</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Garrison/HQ</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Grafenw%C3%B6hr" title="Grafenwöhr">Grafenwöhr</a>, Germany</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Nickname(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">"Blackhawk Brigade" <br /> formerly <i>Snow Hawks</i> (<a href="/wiki/Special_Designation" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Designation">Special Designation</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-SUD_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SUD-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Motto(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Caveat</i> – "Let Him Beware"</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Colors</th><td class="infobox-data">Black and Bronze</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Engagements</th><td class="infobox-data"><b><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a></b><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Operation_Iraqi_Freedom" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Iraqi Freedom">Operation Iraqi Freedom</a></b><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom" title="Operation Enduring Freedom">Operation Enduring Freedom</a></b></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Notable<br />commanders</th><td class="infobox-data">COL Edward T. Bohnemann (final commander)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Insignia</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Distinctive_unit_insignia" title="Distinctive unit insignia">Distinctive unit insignia</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:172InfantryBdeDUI.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/172InfantryBdeDUI.PNG/150px-172InfantryBdeDUI.PNG" decoding="async" width="150" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/172InfantryBdeDUI.PNG/225px-172InfantryBdeDUI.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/172InfantryBdeDUI.PNG 2x" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="218" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Military unit</div> <p>The <b>172nd Infantry Brigade</b> was a <a href="/wiki/Light_infantry" title="Light infantry">light infantry</a> <a href="/wiki/Brigade" title="Brigade">brigade</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a> stationed at Fort Wainwright, Alaska and later moved its headquarters to <a href="/wiki/Grafenw%C3%B6hr" title="Grafenwöhr">Grafenwöhr</a>, Germany. An <a href="/wiki/Active_duty" title="Active duty">active duty</a> independent brigade, it was part of <a href="/wiki/V_Corps_(United_States)" title="V Corps (United States)">V Corps</a> and was one of five active-duty, separate, brigade combat teams in the U.S. Army before its most recent inactivation on 31 May 2013. </p><p>First activated in 1917, the brigade was deployed to France during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> and used to reinforce front-line units. The brigade's actions in France during that time are not completely clear. It would later be converted to a reconnaissance unit that was deployed during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> and saw several months of combat in the European Theatre. The brigade has multiple tours of duty in <a href="/wiki/Operation_Iraqi_Freedom" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Iraqi Freedom">Operation Iraqi Freedom</a> from 2005 until 2006 and from 2008 until 2010 and in <a href="/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom" title="Operation Enduring Freedom">Operation Enduring Freedom</a> from 2011 until 2012. Its infamous 16-month deployment was one of the longest deployments for a unit serving in the OIF campaign. Most recently the brigade served a 12-month tour in Afghanistan from 2011 until 2012. </p><p>The unit has been activated and inactivated numerous times, and has also seen several redesignations. The 172nd was one of the first <a href="/wiki/Brigade_combat_team" title="Brigade combat team">brigade combat teams</a> before it was deactivated in 2006. Reactivated in 2008 from another reflagged unit, it immediately prepared for another tour of duty in <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>. Following a series of budget cuts and force structure reductions, the unit formally inactivated on 31 May 2013 in Grafenwöhr, Germany. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organization">Organization</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=172nd_Infantry_Brigade_(United_States)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:172nd_US_Infantry_Brigade.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/172nd_US_Infantry_Brigade.png/150px-172nd_US_Infantry_Brigade.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="481" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/172nd_US_Infantry_Brigade.png/225px-172nd_US_Infantry_Brigade.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/172nd_US_Infantry_Brigade.png 2x" data-file-width="265" data-file-height="849" /></a><figcaption>Structure 172d Infantry Brigade</figcaption></figure> <p>The brigade was a separate unit and did not report to a higher <a href="/wiki/Division_(military)" title="Division (military)">division</a>-level headquarters, but instead reported directly to the <a href="/wiki/V_Corps_(United_States)" title="V Corps (United States)">V Corps</a> of <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Army Europe">United States Army Europe</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Headquarters_and_Headquarters_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Headquarters and Headquarters Company">Headquarters and Headquarters Company</a> of the unit was located at <a href="/wiki/Grafenw%C3%B6hr" title="Grafenwöhr">Grafenwöhr</a>, Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-172infam_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-172infam-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Unit also contained the 1st Battalion, 2d Infantry,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the 2nd Battalion, 28th Infantry,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/77th_Field_Artillery_Regiment_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="77th Field Artillery Regiment (United States)">1st Battalion, 77th Field Artillery</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/9th_Engineer_Battalion" class="mw-redirect" title="9th Engineer Battalion">9th Engineer Battalion</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the 3rd Battalion, <a href="/wiki/66th_Armor_Regiment_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="66th Armor Regiment (United States)">66th Armor</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the 172nd Forward Support Battalion.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, the brigade contained three independent companies; 504th Military Intelligence Company,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Echo Troop, <a href="/wiki/5th_Cavalry_Regiment" title="5th Cavalry Regiment">5th Cavalry Regiment</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-blackorg_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-blackorg-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/57th_Signal_Company_(United_States)" title="57th Signal Company (United States)">57th Signal Company</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All of these subordinate units were last located in Grafenwöhr.<sup id="cite_ref-standto_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-standto-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=172nd_Infantry_Brigade_(United_States)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_I">World War I</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=172nd_Infantry_Brigade_(United_States)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: World War I"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 172nd Infantry Brigade (Separate), officially titled the "172d Infantry Brigade",<sup id="cite_ref-bdehist_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bdehist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was first constituted on 5 August 1917 in the <a href="/wiki/National_Army_(USA)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Army (USA)">National Army</a> as the 172nd Infantry Brigade.<sup id="cite_ref-bdehist_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bdehist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-stripes_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stripes-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was organized on the 25th of that month at <a href="/wiki/Camp_Grant_(Illinois)" title="Camp Grant (Illinois)">Camp Grant</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Rockford,_Illinois" title="Rockford, Illinois">Rockford, Illinois</a> and assigned to the <a href="/wiki/U.S._86th_Infantry_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. 86th Infantry Division">86th Infantry Division</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Little_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Little-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The brigade, commanded by Brigadier General <a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Clark_Andrews" title="Lincoln Clark Andrews">Lincoln Clark Andrews</a>, was assigned to the 86th Division and deployed to Europe for duty during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. It arrived in <a href="/wiki/Bordeaux" title="Bordeaux">Bordeaux</a>, France, in September 1918<sup id="cite_ref-bdehist_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bdehist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The combat record of the unit during its World War I service is not clear, but it is known that the 86th Division was depleted when much of its force was used to reinforce other units already on the front lines.<sup id="cite_ref-globalsecurity_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-globalsecurity-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus, the brigade received a World War I <a href="/wiki/Campaign_streamer" title="Campaign streamer">campaign streamer</a> without an inscription, as it was not known to have fought in any engagements.<sup id="cite_ref-globalsecurity_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-globalsecurity-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After a cease-fire was signed in 1918, the Brigade returned to the United States. It was demobilized in January 1919 at Camp Grant, and the camp itself was abandoned in 1921.<sup id="cite_ref-bdehist_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bdehist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Little_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Little-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 24 June 1921 the unit was reconstituted in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Reserve" title="United States Army Reserve">Organized Reserves</a> as Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 172nd Infantry Brigade,<sup id="cite_ref-bdehist_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bdehist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and again assigned to the 86th Division.<sup id="cite_ref-Little_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Little-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was organized in January 1922 at <a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Illinois" title="Springfield, Illinois">Springfield, Illinois</a> and went through several redesignations, including Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 172nd Brigade,<sup id="cite_ref-bdehist_13-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bdehist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on 23 March 1925 and Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 172nd Infantry Brigade<sup id="cite_ref-bdehist_13-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bdehist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on 24 August 1936. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II">World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=172nd_Infantry_Brigade_(United_States)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 172nd Infantry Brigade, was converted and redesignated the 3rd <a href="/wiki/Platoon" title="Platoon">Platoon</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=86th_Reconnaissance_Troop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="86th Reconnaissance Troop (page does not exist)">86th Reconnaissance Troop</a>, and assigned to the <a href="/wiki/86th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="86th Infantry Division (United States)">86th Infantry Division</a> on 31 March 1942,<sup id="cite_ref-bdehist_13-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bdehist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the Headquarters and Headquarters Company, <a href="/wiki/171st_Infantry_Brigade" class="mw-redirect" title="171st Infantry Brigade">171st Infantry Brigade</a>, became the remainder of the 86th Reconnaissance Troop.<sup id="cite_ref-bdehist_13-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bdehist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 15 December 1942 the troop was mobilized and reorganized at <a href="/wiki/Camp_Howze,_Texas" title="Camp Howze, Texas">Camp Howze</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Gainesville,_Texas" title="Gainesville, Texas">Gainesville, Texas</a>, as the <a href="/w/index.php?title=86th_Cavalry_Reconnaissance_Troop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="86th Cavalry Reconnaissance Troop (page does not exist)">86th Cavalry Reconnaissance Troop</a>, only to be reorganized and redesignated again on 5 August 1943 as the <i>86th Reconnaissance Troop, Mechanized</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-bdehist_13-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bdehist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-globalsecurity_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-globalsecurity-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For the majority of the US involvement in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> it remained stateside, participating in the <a href="/wiki/Third_United_States_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Third United States Army">Third Army</a> #5 Louisiana Maneuvers in 1943, among other exercises, until finally staging at <a href="/wiki/Camp_Myles_Standish" title="Camp Myles Standish">Camp Myles Standish</a>, at <a href="/wiki/Boston,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston, Massachusetts">Boston, Massachusetts</a> on 5 February 1945 and shipping out from <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> on 19 February 1945.<sup id="cite_ref-bdehist_13-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bdehist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-globalsecurity_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-globalsecurity-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 86th Reconnaissance Troop arrived in France on 1 March 1945, acclimated and trained, and then moved to <a href="/wiki/Cologne" title="Cologne">Köln</a>, Germany, and participated in the relief of the <a href="/wiki/U.S._8th_Infantry_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. 8th Infantry Division">8th Infantry Division</a> in defensive positions near Weiden which is now part of <a href="/wiki/Lindenthal_(Cologne_district)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lindenthal (Cologne district)">Lindenthal</a> on 28–29 March 1945. During its few months of combat duty in Europe, the troop participated in <a href="/wiki/Amphibious_assault" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphibious assault">amphibious assaults</a> across was <a href="/wiki/Danube" title="Danube">Danube</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bigge_(river)" title="Bigge (river)">Bigge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Altmuhl" class="mw-redirect" title="Altmuhl">Altmuhl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isar" title="Isar">Isar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Inn_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Inn River">Inn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mittel-Isar" class="mw-redirect" title="Mittel-Isar">Mittel-Isar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Salzach_river" class="mw-redirect" title="Salzach river">Salzach rivers</a> in Germany and Austria.<sup id="cite_ref-globalsecurity_16-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-globalsecurity-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was assigned to <a href="/wiki/First_United_States_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="First United States Army">First</a>, <a href="/wiki/Third_United_States_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Third United States Army">Third</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seventh_United_States_Army" title="Seventh United States Army">Seventh</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fifteenth_United_States_Army" title="Fifteenth United States Army">Fifteenth</a> US Armies.<sup id="cite_ref-globalsecurity_16-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-globalsecurity-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The unit was at <a href="/wiki/Salzburg" title="Salzburg">Salzburg</a> on 7 May 1945 (<a href="/wiki/V-E_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="V-E Day">V-E Day</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-bdehist_13-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bdehist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was then sent back stateside to prepare for operation in the Pacific. Arriving back in New York City on 17 June 1945, the unit proceeded to <a href="/wiki/Camp_Gruber" title="Camp Gruber">Camp Gruber</a> in <a href="/wiki/Braggs,_Oklahoma" title="Braggs, Oklahoma">Braggs, Oklahoma</a> before staging at <a href="/wiki/Camp_Stoneman" title="Camp Stoneman">Camp Stoneman</a> in <a href="/wiki/Pittsburg,_California" title="Pittsburg, California">Pittsburg, California</a> on 14 August 1945.<sup id="cite_ref-bdehist_13-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bdehist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The unit shipped out from <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a> on 21 August 1945 and arrived in the Philippines on 7 September 1945, five days after the Japanese surrender.<sup id="cite_ref-bdehist_13-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bdehist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Cold_War">The Cold War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=172nd_Infantry_Brigade_(United_States)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: The Cold War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 10 October 1945 the 86th Reconnaissance Troop (Mechanized) was again redesignated the <i>86th Mechanized Reconnaissance Troop</i> before finally being inactivated on 30 December 1946 while still stationed in the Philippines.<sup id="cite_ref-bdehist_13-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bdehist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the 86th Mechanized Reconnaissance Troop was reactivated again on 9 July 1952 as part of the Army Reserve.<sup id="cite_ref-bdehist_13-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bdehist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It continued serving within the Army Reserve for some years. Activation of the brigade with its new structure took place on 1 July 1963 at <a href="/wiki/Fort_Richardson_(Alaska)" title="Fort Richardson (Alaska)">Fort Richardson</a>, Alaska.<sup id="cite_ref-McBrig238_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McBrig238-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Army set up an experimental Airborne unit with the designation of Company F (Airborne), 4th Battle Group, 23d Infantry in 1962 at Fort Richardson. The company commander was Captain Lawrence. When Army combat forces were reorganized from the Pentomic division battle groups to brigades with subordinate battalions, the group became the 4th Battalion, 23d Infantry and its Airborne component was Company C. The unit was used to determine how best to use Airborne soldiers in Arctic conditions throughout the vast area of Alaska. </p><p>The new structure included one <a href="/wiki/Light_Infantry" class="mw-redirect" title="Light Infantry">Light Infantry</a> <a href="/wiki/Battalion" title="Battalion">Battalion</a>; one <a href="/wiki/Mechanized_Infantry" class="mw-redirect" title="Mechanized Infantry">Mechanized Infantry</a> Battalion; and one <a href="/wiki/Tank" title="Tank">Tank</a> Company.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its <a href="/wiki/Shoulder_sleeve_insignia" title="Shoulder sleeve insignia">shoulder sleeve insignia</a> was authorized for use on 28 August 1963<sup id="cite_ref-TIOH_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TIOH-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and its <a href="/wiki/Distinctive_unit_insignia" title="Distinctive unit insignia">distinctive unit insignia</a> was authorized on 8 June 1966.<sup id="cite_ref-TIOH_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TIOH-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Brigade was reorganized from Mechanized Infantry to Light Infantry on 30 June 1969, with a reduction to two mechanized infantry <a href="/wiki/Battalion" title="Battalion">battalions</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1974 the 172nd Infantry Brigade was reorganized again to include three light infantry battalions.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>US Army Alaska was known as USARAL through the 60s and 70s, whereas after the activation of the 6th Infantry Division it was known as USARAK. The two Arctic brigades, the 171st (4-9th Infantry, 1-47th Infantry [which was subsequently deactivated], and other components at Fort Wainwright) and the 172d (4-23d Infantry, 1-60th Infantry, 1-37th Artillery, 561st Combat Engineer Company, and other components at Fort Richardson) were consolidated in 1973 with the drawdown after Viet Nam. There was an administrative split between the "LIB" (Light Infantry Brigade) and the "Brigade Alaska", with the 1-43d Air Defense, 222d Aviation, 56th MP Company, 23d Construction Engineer Company, Northern Warfare Training Center- then at Fort Greely,' being assigned. </p><p>The brigade was again inactivated on 15 April 1986 at Fort Richardson, Alaska,<sup id="cite_ref-McBrig238_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McBrig238-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> being reflagged as part of the newly reformed <a href="/wiki/6th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="6th Infantry Division (United States)">6th Infantry Division</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bdehist_13-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bdehist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transformation">Transformation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=172nd_Infantry_Brigade_(United_States)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Transformation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the late 1990s, Army leaders including <a href="/wiki/General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">General</a> <a href="/wiki/Eric_Shinseki" title="Eric Shinseki">Eric Shinseki</a> began shifting the Army force toward brigade centered operations. All separate brigades had been deactivated in the 1990s as part of the US Army's drawdown following the end of the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-McBrigxi_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McBrigxi-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These inactivations, along with the subsequent reorganization of US Army divisions, saw several divisional brigades stationed in bases that were far from the division's headquarters and support units. These brigades had difficulty operating without support from higher headquarters. Light infantry is a designation applied to certain types of foot soldiers (infantry) throughout history, typically having air assault and airborne qualified members with lighter equipment or armament or a more mobile or fluid function than other types of infantry, such as heavy infantry or line infantry. Historically, light infantry often fought as skirmishers, reconnaissance, hidden shock and awe attacks, basically guerilla warfare—soldiers who fight in a loose formation ahead of the main army to harass, delay and generally "soften up" an enemy before the main battle. Today, the term "light infantry" generally refers to units (including commandos and airborne units) that specifically emphasize speed and mobility over armor and firepower, to units that historically held a skirmishing role.<sup id="cite_ref-McBrigxi_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McBrigxi-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was Shinseki's idea to reactivate a few separate light infantry brigades and assign them their own support and sustainment units, which would allow them to function independently of division-level headquarters. These formations were termed "<a href="/wiki/Brigade_Combat_Team" class="mw-redirect" title="Brigade Combat Team">Brigade Combat Teams</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Such units could be stationed in bases far from major commands, not requiring division-level unit support, an advantage in places like Alaska and Europe, where stationing entire divisions was unnecessary or impractical. The first of the separate brigades was to be the 172d Infantry Brigade. On 17 April 1998, the U.S. Army reactivated the 172d Infantry Brigade (Separate) by reflagging the 1st Brigade, <a href="/wiki/6th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="6th Infantry Division (United States)">6th Infantry Division</a><sup id="cite_ref-McBrigxi_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McBrigxi-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> headquartered at <a href="/wiki/Fort_Wainwright" title="Fort Wainwright">Fort Wainwright</a>, Alaska.<sup id="cite_ref-bdehist_13-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bdehist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two years later, the <a href="/wiki/173rd_Airborne_Brigade_Combat_Team" class="mw-redirect" title="173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team">173d Airborne Brigade</a> was reactivated on 12 June 2000 at <a href="/wiki/Caserma_Ederle" title="Caserma Ederle">Caserma Ederle</a> in Vicenza, Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-McBrigxi_23-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McBrigxi-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 172d light infantry was assigned the 1st Battalion (Airborne), 501st Infantry, an <a href="/wiki/Airborne_forces" title="Airborne forces">airborne</a> infantry battalion, one of only three existing outside of the <a href="/wiki/82nd_Airborne_Division" title="82nd Airborne Division">82nd Airborne Division</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-McBrig90_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McBrig90-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (The other two battalions were part of the <a href="/wiki/173rd_Airborne_Brigade_Combat_Team" class="mw-redirect" title="173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team">173d Airborne Brigade</a> based in Italy.)<sup id="cite_ref-McBrig90_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McBrig90-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 172d Infantry Brigade was designed as a "Pacific theater contingency brigade." Located in Alaska, the 172d would be able to deploy to any contingencies in Alaska, Europe (over the north pole) or the Pacific.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2001 the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">US Army</a> announced that the 172d Infantry Brigade was to become one of the Army's new Interim Brigade Combat Teams, later to be known as <a href="/wiki/Stryker" title="Stryker">Stryker Brigade Combat Teams</a> (SBCTs).<sup id="cite_ref-defenselink_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-defenselink-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Changes to the brigade included the addition of some 300 <a href="/wiki/Stryker" title="Stryker">Stryker</a> vehicles, and several <a href="/wiki/Unmanned_Aerial_Vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Unmanned Aerial Vehicle">Unmanned Aerial Vehicles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The transformation was intended to increase the brigade's mobility in operations as well as reduce its logistical footprint.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The project entailed around $1.2 billion in construction costs for training facilities, motor pools, and other buildings.<sup id="cite_ref-ABM_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ABM-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This transformation was completed when the unit was formally redesignated on 16 October 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-stripes_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stripes-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the transformation was complete, the 172d became the third Stryker brigade in the US Army, with a force of 3,500 soldiers.<sup id="cite_ref-ABM_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ABM-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2005, the new Brigade Commander, Colonel Mike Shields, changed the motto of the infantry brigade from "Snow Hawks" to "Arctic Wolves".<sup id="cite_ref-stripes_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stripes-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In early 2005, the brigade was alerted that it would be deployed to <a href="/wiki/Operation_Iraqi_Freedom" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Iraqi Freedom">Operation Iraqi Freedom</a> for the first time. To prepare, it participated in several large exercises at the <a href="/wiki/Fort_Polk#JRTC_moves_to_Polk" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Polk">Joint Readiness Training Center</a> at <a href="/wiki/Fort_Polk" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Polk">Fort Polk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a>. The <a href="/wiki/220th_Military_Police_Brigade" title="220th Military Police Brigade">220th Military Police Brigade</a>, a reserve unit, provided additional soldiers to assist the brigade in the exercises during their final preparations for deployment.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Operation_Iraqi_Freedom">Operation Iraqi Freedom</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=172nd_Infantry_Brigade_(United_States)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Operation Iraqi Freedom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CSA-2006-09-22-092516.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/CSA-2006-09-22-092516.jpg/220px-CSA-2006-09-22-092516.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/CSA-2006-09-22-092516.jpg/330px-CSA-2006-09-22-092516.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/CSA-2006-09-22-092516.jpg/440px-CSA-2006-09-22-092516.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1804" data-file-height="1444" /></a><figcaption>Soldiers from the 172nd Stryker Brigade Combat Team prepare to cross an open field during a cordon and search mission in Ur, Iraq in 2006.</figcaption></figure> <p>In August 2005, the 172nd Stryker Brigade Combat Team deployed to <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> in support of <a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Operation Iraqi Freedom</a>. The unit deployed to <a href="/wiki/Mosul" title="Mosul">Mosul</a>, Iraq. 4-14 CAV and a Stryker infantry company (A/4-23 IN and later, B/2-1 IN) were attached to 2nd Marine Expeditionary Force, and stationed at COP Rawah; away from the rest of the BDE. Duties of the unit during deployment included numerous patrol operations, searches for weapons caches, and counterinsurgency operations.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its tour was to have ended on 27 July 2006, but the U.S. Army unexpectedly extended the deployment until the end of November 2006. During the extension, the unit was sent to <a href="/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a> to quell growing sectarian violence concerns.<sup id="cite_ref-defenselink_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-defenselink-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The infamous extension of the deployment had happened after some of the units of the Brigade were already touched down at their home base of Fort Wainwright, AK, forcing them to fly back to staging areas in Iraq.<sup id="cite_ref-stripes_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stripes-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The extension occurred after the unit's regular 12-month tour was complete, making the deployment last for a total of 16 months. As a result of the unit's action in Iraq, the brigade was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Valorous_Unit_Award" title="Valorous Unit Award">Valorous Unit Award</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During this action, 26 soldiers of the brigade were <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action">killed in action</a>, and another 350 were wounded.<sup id="cite_ref-defenselink2_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-defenselink2-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ten additional soldiers in units attached to the brigade were killed.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Inactivation_2006">Inactivation 2006</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=172nd_Infantry_Brigade_(United_States)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Inactivation 2006"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Having returned from its extended tour in Baghdad, Iraq, the 172nd Stryker Brigade Combat Team was officially deactivated and the <a href="/wiki/1st_Brigade,_25th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="1st Brigade, 25th Infantry Division (United States)">1st Stryker Brigade Combat Team, 25th Infantry Division</a> was activated in its place on 14 December 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <br /> The brigade's six battalions and four separate companies were likewise reflagged as part of the change.<sup id="cite_ref-25thID_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25thID-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The reflagged units were: </p> <ul><li>1st Battalion, <a href="/wiki/17th_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="17th Infantry Regiment (United States)">17th Infantry Regiment</a> to 1st Battalion, <a href="/wiki/5th_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="5th Infantry Regiment (United States)">5th Infantry Regiment</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25thID_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25thID-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2nd Battalion, <a href="/wiki/1st_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="1st Infantry Regiment (United States)">1st Infantry Regiment</a> to 1st Battalion, <a href="/wiki/24th_Infantry_Regiment" class="mw-redirect" title="24th Infantry Regiment">24th Infantry Regiment</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25thID_38-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25thID-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>4th Battalion, <a href="/wiki/23rd_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="23rd Infantry Regiment (United States)">23rd Infantry Regiment</a> to 3rd Battalion, <a href="/wiki/21st_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="21st Infantry Regiment (United States)">21st Infantry Regiment</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25thID_38-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25thID-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>4th Squadron, <a href="/wiki/14th_Cavalry_Regiment" title="14th Cavalry Regiment">14th Cavalry Regiment</a> to 5th Squadron, <a href="/wiki/1st_Cavalry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="1st Cavalry Regiment (United States)">1st Cavalry Regiment</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25thID_38-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25thID-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>4th Battalion, <a href="/wiki/11th_Field_Artillery_Regiment_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="11th Field Artillery Regiment (United States)">11th Field Artillery Regiment</a> to 2nd Battalion, <a href="/wiki/8th_Field_Artillery_Regiment_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="8th Field Artillery Regiment (United States)">8th Field Artillery Regiment</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25thID_38-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25thID-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=172nd_Brigade_Support_Battalion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="172nd Brigade Support Battalion (page does not exist)">172nd Brigade Support Battalion</a> to <a href="/w/index.php?title=25th_Brigade_Support_Battalion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25th Brigade Support Battalion (page does not exist)">25th Brigade Support Battalion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25thID_38-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25thID-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>A Company, 52nd Infantry Regiment to D Company, <a href="/wiki/52nd_Infantry_Regiment" class="mw-redirect" title="52nd Infantry Regiment">52nd Infantry Regiment</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25thID_38-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25thID-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>572nd Military Intelligence Company to 184th Military Intelligence Company.<sup id="cite_ref-25thID_38-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25thID-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>562nd Engineer Company to 73rd Engineer Company.<sup id="cite_ref-25thID_38-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25thID-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=21st_Signal_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="21st Signal Company (page does not exist)">21st Signal Company</a> to <a href="/w/index.php?title=176th_Signal_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="176th Signal Company (page does not exist)">176th Signal Company</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25thID_38-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25thID-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reactivation_in_Germany">Reactivation in Germany</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=172nd_Infantry_Brigade_(United_States)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Reactivation in Germany"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Army_mil-2008-03-19-115842.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Army_mil-2008-03-19-115842.jpg/200px-Army_mil-2008-03-19-115842.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Army_mil-2008-03-19-115842.jpg/300px-Army_mil-2008-03-19-115842.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Army_mil-2008-03-19-115842.jpg/400px-Army_mil-2008-03-19-115842.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2016" data-file-height="2732" /></a><figcaption>Formal reactivation ceremony</figcaption></figure> <p>As part of the <a href="/wiki/Grow_the_Army" title="Grow the Army">Grow the Army</a> Plan announced 19 December 2007, the Army activated and retained two Infantry Brigades in Germany until 2012 and 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-standto_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-standto-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 6 March 2008, it was announced that the 172nd Infantry Brigade would be activated as the first of these brigades, with the other being the <a href="/wiki/170th_Infantry_Brigade_(United_States)" title="170th Infantry Brigade (United States)">170th Infantry Brigade</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-USAREUR_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USAREUR-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 17 March, the 172nd Infantry Brigade was formally activated in Schweinfurt, Germany by reflagging the <a href="/wiki/1st_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="1st Infantry Division (United States)">1st Infantry Division</a>'s <a href="/wiki/2nd_(Dagger)_Brigade" class="mw-redirect" title="2nd (Dagger) Brigade">2nd (Dagger) Brigade</a>, which relocated to Ft. Riley, KS.<sup id="cite_ref-stripes_14-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stripes-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Colonel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jeffrey_Allen_Sinclair&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jeffrey Allen Sinclair (page does not exist)">Jeffrey Sinclair</a> was commanding the brigade at the time. The 172nd Infantry Brigade relocated to Grafenwöhr, Germany. The 172nd Infantry Brigade was activated with the following unit redesignations:<sup id="cite_ref-USAREUR_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USAREUR-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 172nd Infantry Brigade (formed from HHC, 2-1 ID)</li> <li>2nd Battalion, 28th Infantry (reflagged from <a href="/wiki/26th_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="26th Infantry Regiment (United States)">1–26 Infantry</a>)</li> <li>1st Battalion, 2nd Infantry (reflagged from <a href="/wiki/18th_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="18th Infantry Regiment (United States)">1–18 Infantry</a>)</li> <li>3rd Battalion, <a href="/wiki/66th_Armor_Regiment" title="66th Armor Regiment">66th Armor</a> (reflagged from <a href="/wiki/77th_Armor_Regiment_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="77th Armor Regiment (United States)">1–77 Armor</a>)</li> <li>Troop E, 5th Cavalry (reflagged from Troop E, <a href="/wiki/4th_Cavalry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="4th Cavalry Regiment (United States)">4th Cavalry</a>)</li> <li>1st Battalion, 77th Field Artillery (reflagged from <a href="/wiki/7th_Field_Artillery_Regiment_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="7th Field Artillery Regiment (United States)">1–7 Field Artillery</a>)</li> <li>172nd Support Battalion (reflagged from 299th Forward Support Battalion)</li> <li>57th Signal Company, <a href="/wiki/9th_Engineer_Battalion" class="mw-redirect" title="9th Engineer Battalion">9th Engineer Battalion</a> and 504th Military Intelligence Company remain attached to 172nd but were not reflagged.</li></ul> <p>When the brigade converted to a modular design, the Brigade Special Troops Battalion was given organic, unnumbered signal, engineer and military intelligence companies along with a chemical and military police platoons. </p><p>After its activation, the brigade began moving its components from Schweinfurt to Grafenwöhr, Germany, as part of the <a href="/wiki/Grow_the_Army" title="Grow the Army">Grow the Army</a> plan.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Simultaneously, the brigade converted to a modular structure to become a <a href="/wiki/Brigade_Combat_Team" class="mw-redirect" title="Brigade Combat Team">Brigade Combat Team</a> upon completion.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 2008, the brigade was alerted that it would be returning to Iraq in the fall of that year.<sup id="cite_ref-Armytimes_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Armytimes-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The deployment was set to last 12 months,<sup id="cite_ref-Armytimes_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Armytimes-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was set to start after the unit's 12-month out-of-action cycle ended in November 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This would be the brigade's third tour to Iraq,<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as it completed a tour of duty in Iraq shortly before being redesignated from the 2nd Brigade, 1st Infantry Division. The brigade began training for its deployment to the country as soon as it received orders for deployment. German military officers trained with the brigade during this preparation.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The soldiers of the brigade were part of a 40,000-soldier troop rotation into Iraq and Afghanistan, intended to maintain previous troop levels in both countries until late 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In fall of 2008, the brigade completed its transition to a brigade combat team, and was redesignated as the 172nd Infantry Brigade Combat Team.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:172nd_Infantry_Brigade_in_Iraq.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/172nd_Infantry_Brigade_in_Iraq.jpg/220px-172nd_Infantry_Brigade_in_Iraq.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/172nd_Infantry_Brigade_in_Iraq.jpg/330px-172nd_Infantry_Brigade_in_Iraq.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/172nd_Infantry_Brigade_in_Iraq.jpg/440px-172nd_Infantry_Brigade_in_Iraq.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>transfer of authority ceremony on <a href="/wiki/FOB_Kalsu" class="mw-redirect" title="FOB Kalsu">FOB Kalsu</a>, 18 December 2008</figcaption></figure> <p>In late October 2008 the brigade began moving equipment and vehicles by train from Germany in preparation for their tour in Iraq. 385 containers full of gear, as well as 75 <a href="/wiki/M1A1_Abrams" class="mw-redirect" title="M1A1 Abrams">M1A1 Abrams</a> Tanks, <a href="/wiki/M2_Bradley" title="M2 Bradley">M2 Bradley</a> Infantry Fighting Vehicles, and <a href="/wiki/HMMWV" class="mw-redirect" title="HMMWV">HMMWVs</a> were sent by train on 28 October. the brigade picked up additional <a href="/wiki/MRAP" title="MRAP">MRAP</a> and uparmored HMMWVs in Kuwait.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The brigade deployed into theater by December 2008, replacing the <a href="/wiki/3rd_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="3rd Infantry Division (United States)">4th Brigade Combat Team, 3rd Infantry Division</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A proposal was made to relocate the unit to White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico in 2012 as the 7th Brigade Combat Team, <a href="/wiki/1st_Armored_Division_(United_States)" title="1st Armored Division (United States)">1st Armored Division</a>, pending discussions to leave two heavy brigades in Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-standto_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-standto-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Operation_Enduring_Freedom">Operation Enduring Freedom</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=172nd_Infantry_Brigade_(United_States)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Operation Enduring Freedom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 172 IBCT deployed to Afghanistan in the summer of 2011. The brigade left behind its "heavy" vehicles, Bradley fighting vehicles and Abrams tanks, for <a href="/wiki/MRAP" title="MRAP">MRAPs</a>. Soldiers would spend some of their time during the deployment patrolling on foot, as their normal heavy-tracked vehicles are incompatible with rugged terrain of Afghanistan. .<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this deployment the Brigade was responsible for Paktika province along the Pakistani border. One of the more controversial aspects of the deployment was the formation of the first US/Afghan Joint firing base with Afghan National Army Artillery firing in support of U.S. forces in the Urgun district. </p><p>Following a number of budget cuts and force structure reductions, the brigade deactivated in Germany on 31 May 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honors">Honors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=172nd_Infantry_Brigade_(United_States)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Honors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unit_decorations">Unit decorations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=172nd_Infantry_Brigade_(United_States)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Unit decorations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="background:#efefef;"> <th>Ribbon </th> <th>Award </th> <th>Year </th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Valorous_Unit_Award_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Valorous_Unit_Award_ribbon.svg/50px-Valorous_Unit_Award_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Valorous_Unit_Award_ribbon.svg/75px-Valorous_Unit_Award_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Valorous_Unit_Award_ribbon.svg/100px-Valorous_Unit_Award_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="106" data-file-height="40" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Valorous_Unit_Award" title="Valorous Unit Award">Valorous Unit Award</a> </td> <td>2006 </td> <td>for service in Operation Iraqi Freedom, Permanent Order 241-05 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Meritorious_Unit_Commendation_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Meritorious_Unit_Commendation_ribbon.svg/50px-Meritorious_Unit_Commendation_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Meritorious_Unit_Commendation_ribbon.svg/75px-Meritorious_Unit_Commendation_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Meritorious_Unit_Commendation_ribbon.svg/100px-Meritorious_Unit_Commendation_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="106" data-file-height="40" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Meritorious_Unit_Commendation" title="Meritorious Unit Commendation">Meritorious Unit Commendation</a> </td> <td>2009 </td> <td>Operation Iraqi Freedom, Permanent Order 351-07 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Meritorious_Unit_Commendation_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Meritorious_Unit_Commendation_ribbon.svg/50px-Meritorious_Unit_Commendation_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Meritorious_Unit_Commendation_ribbon.svg/75px-Meritorious_Unit_Commendation_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Meritorious_Unit_Commendation_ribbon.svg/100px-Meritorious_Unit_Commendation_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="106" data-file-height="40" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Meritorious_Unit_Commendation" title="Meritorious Unit Commendation">Meritorious Unit Commendation</a> </td> <td>2012 </td> <td>Operation Enduring Freedom, Permanent Order 226-03 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Campaign_streamers">Campaign streamers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=172nd_Infantry_Brigade_(United_States)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Campaign streamers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Conflict </th> <th>Streamer </th> <th>Year(s) </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> </td> <td>(no inscription) </td> <td>1918 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Central_Europe_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Europe Campaign">Central Europe</a> </td> <td>1944–1945 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Operation_Iraqi_Freedom" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Iraqi Freedom">Operation Iraqi Freedom</a> </td> <td>National Resolution <p>Iraqi Surge </p> </td> <td>2005–2006 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Operation_Iraqi_Freedom" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Iraqi Freedom">Operation Iraqi Freedom</a> </td> <td>Iraqi Sovereignty </td> <td>2008–2009 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom" title="Operation Enduring Freedom">Operation Enduring Freedom</a> </td> <td>Transition I </td> <td>2011–2012 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=172nd_Infantry_Brigade_(United_States)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px 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.cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100709200756/http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/spdes-123-ra_ar.html">"Special Unit Designations"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. 21 April 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/spdes-123-ra_ar.html">the original</a> on 9 July 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 July</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Special+Unit+Designations&rft.pub=United+States+Army+Center+of+Military+History&rft.date=2010-04-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fforcestruc%2Fspdes-123-ra_ar.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A172nd+Infantry+Brigade+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-172infam-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-172infam_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.172infantry.army.mil/#history">172nd Infantry.army.mil</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080613081716/http://www.172infantry.army.mil/#history">Archived</a> 13 June 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, 172d Infantry Brigade Staff. Retrieved 27 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.1-18in.2bct.1id.army.mil/">1–2 Infantry Homepage</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080618085120/http://www.1-18in.2bct.1id.army.mil/">Archived</a> 18 June 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, 1–2 Infantry Staff. Retrieved 27 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.1-26in.2bct.1id.army.mil/">2–28 Infantry Homepage</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080610003632/http://www.1-26in.2bct.1id.army.mil/">Archived</a> 10 June 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, 2–28 Infantry Staff. Retrieved 27 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.schweinfurt.army.mil/sites/17/">1–77 Field Artillery Homepage</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080618150527/http://www.schweinfurt.army.mil/sites/17/">Archived</a> 18 June 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, 1–77 Field Artillery Staff. Retrieved 27 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.9en.2bct.1id.army.mil/index.htm">9th Engineer Battalion Homepage</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080315201417/http://www.9en.2bct.1id.army.mil/index.htm">Archived</a> 15 March 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, 9th Engineer Battalion Staff. Retrieved 27 June 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.1-77ar.2bct.1id.army.mil/">3–66 Armor Homepage</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080618220637/http://www.1-77ar.2bct.1id.army.mil/">Archived</a> 18 June 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, 3–66 Armor Staff. Retrieved 27 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.eur.army.mil/sites/172ndSB/default.aspx">172nd Support Battalion Homepage</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged August 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>, 172nd Support Battalion Staff. Retrieved 27 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.172infantry.army.mil/publications/BlackhawkVoice/BlackhawkVoice_Vol01-Iss01_2008-12.pdf">172D IN BDE Newsletter</a>, 172ND IN BDE Staff. Retrieved 11 June 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/5hXJe4EfO?url=http://www.172infantry.army.mil/publications/BlackhawkVoice/BlackhawkVoice_Vol01-Iss01_2008-12.pdf">Archived</a> 14 June 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-blackorg-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-blackorg_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.2bct.1id.army.mil/Primary%20Sites/index.htm">172nd Infantry "Blackhawk Brigade": Blackhawk Organization</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080618085140/http://www.2bct.1id.army.mil/Primary%20Sites/index.htm">Archived</a> 18 June 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. 172d Infantry Brigade Staff. Retrieved 27 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.57sig.2bct.1id.army.mil/">57th Signal Company Homepage</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080618150432/http://www.57sig.2bct.1id.army.mil/">Archived</a> 18 June 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/57th_Signal_Company_(United_States)" title="57th Signal Company (United States)">57th Signal Company</a> Staff. Retrieved 27 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-standto-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-standto_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-standto_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-standto_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www4.army.mil/news/standto.php?dte=17">March 2008 <i>Today's Focus</i> 17 Mar 2008 Edition</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged August 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>, <i>Stand To!</i> Magazine. Retrieved 27 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bdehist-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bdehist_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bdehist_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bdehist_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bdehist_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bdehist_13-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bdehist_13-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bdehist_13-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bdehist_13-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bdehist_13-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bdehist_13-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bdehist_13-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bdehist_13-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bdehist_13-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bdehist_13-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bdehist_13-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bdehist_13-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bdehist_13-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bdehist_13-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.2bct.1id.army.mil/Primary%20Sites/index.htm">172nd Blackhawk Brigade History</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080618085140/http://www.2bct.1id.army.mil/Primary%20Sites/index.htm">Archived</a> 18 June 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, United States Army. Retrieved 7 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-stripes-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-stripes_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stripes_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stripes_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stripes_14-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stripes_14-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stripes.com/article.asp?section=104&article=60777&archive=true">Big Red One relocating to Grafenwöhr with new name</a>, Matt Millham, <i>Stars and Stripes</i>. Retrieved 28 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Little-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Little_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Little_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Little_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Little, John G., Jr. <i>The Official History of the 86th Division</i>. Chicago: States Publications Society, 1921.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-globalsecurity-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-globalsecurity_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-globalsecurity_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-globalsecurity_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-globalsecurity_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-globalsecurity_16-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-globalsecurity_16-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/agency/army/172inbde.htm">172nd Infantry Brigade (Separate) "Snow Hawks"</a>, GlobalSecurity.org. Retrieved 28 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McBrig238-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-McBrig238_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McBrig238_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">McGrath, p. 238.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Paternostro, Anthony. "The Alaska Brigade: Arctic Intelligence and Some Strategic Considerations." <i>Military Intelligence</i> 6 (October–December 1980):47–50.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TIOH-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TIOH_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TIOH_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.172infantry.army.mil/Info/History/FactFile_History-172Infantry_2008-05.pdf">US Army official page 172nd Infantry Brigade</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130213233522/http://www.172infantry.army.mil/Info/History/FactFile_History-172Infantry_2008-05.pdf">Archived</a> 13 February 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, The US Army. Retrieved 15 March 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meiners, Theodore J. "They Climb the Crags." <i>Army Digest</i> 22 (April 1967):36–38.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bender, John A. "Dynamic Training Arctic Style: A Report from Alaska." <i>Infantry</i> 62 (November–December 1972):36–37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Boatner, James G. "Rugged Training on the 'Last Frontier.' Supersoldiers of the North." <i>Army</i> 26 (November 1976):27–30.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McBrigxi-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-McBrigxi_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McBrigxi_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McBrigxi_23-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McBrigxi_23-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">McGrath, p. xi.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McGrath, p. xii.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McBrig90-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-McBrig90_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McBrig90_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">McGrath, p. 90.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McGrath, p. 110.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-defenselink-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-defenselink_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-defenselink_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDonna_Miles2008" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Donna_Miles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donna Miles (page does not exist)">Donna Miles</a> (28 June 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081113224543/http://www.defenselink.mil/news/NewsArticle.aspx?ID=2428">"172nd Stryker Brigade Legacy to Live on as Unit 'Reflags,' Gets New Commanders"</a>. <a href="/wiki/American_Forces_Press_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="American Forces Press Service">American Forces Press Service</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.defenselink.mil/news/NewsArticle.aspx?ID=2428">the original</a> on 13 November 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 November</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=172nd+Stryker+Brigade+Legacy+to+Live+on+as+Unit+%27Reflags%2C%27+Gets+New+Commanders&rft.date=2008-06-28&rft.au=Donna+Miles&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defenselink.mil%2Fnews%2FNewsArticle.aspx%3FID%3D2428&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A172nd+Infantry+Brigade+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.epa.gov/EPA-IMPACT/2002/March/Day-04/i5085.htm">Preparation of an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) for Force Transformation of the 172nd Infantry Brigade (Separate) and Mission Sustainment in Alaska</a>, Federal Register Environmental Documents, <a href="/wiki/US_Environmental_Protection_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="US Environmental Protection Agency">US Environmental Protection Agency</a>. Retrieved 28 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cemml.colostate.edu/AlaskaEIS/">Transformation EIS</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080704054114/http://www.cemml.colostate.edu/alaskaeis">Archived</a> 4 July 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Calvin Bagley, <a href="/wiki/Colorado_State_University" title="Colorado State University">Colorado State University</a>. Retrieved 13 August 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ABM-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ABM_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ABM_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-816910/A-stryking-endeavor-preparation-for.html">A Stryking endeavour: preparation for third Stryker brigade underway in Alaska</a>, <i>Alaska Business Monthly</i>. Retrieved 13 August 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.afcea.org/signal/articles/templates/SIGNAL_Article_Template.asp?articleid=1214&zoneid=30">Pacific Army Forces Push Readiness</a> Robert K. Ackerman, <i>Signal Online <a href="/wiki/AFCEA" title="AFCEA">AFCEA</a> Magazine</i>. Retrieved 14 August 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wood.army.mil/mpbulletin/pdfs/Oct%2005/Arnold.pdf">Military Police Support for the 172nd Stryker Brigade Combat Team</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080910072601/http://www.wood.army.mil/mpbulletin/pdfs/Oct%2005/Arnold.pdf">Archived</a> 10 September 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Robert Arnold, Jr.. Retrieved 13 August 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www4.army.mil/armyimages/armyimage.php?photo=11489">Army.mil Featured Image</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070701032131/http://www4.army.mil/armyimages/armyimage.php?photo=11489">Archived</a> 1 July 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, United States Army Homepage. Retrieved 10 August 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.army.mil/-newsreleases/2008/05/19/9262-army-prepares-for-fall-2008-active-duty-rotations-in-iraq/">Army Prepares for Fall 2008 Active-duty Rotations in Iraq</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080712073540/http://www.army.mil/-newsreleases/2008/05/19/9262-army-prepares-for-fall-2008-active-duty-rotations-in-iraq/">Archived</a> 12 July 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, United States Army. Retrieved 28 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-defenselink2-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-defenselink2_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDonna_Miles" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Donna_Miles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donna Miles (page does not exist)">Donna Miles</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080616091736/http://www.defenselink.mil/news/NewsArticle.aspx?ID=2402">"Stryker Brigade Ceremony Focuses on Accomplishments, Sacrifices"</a>. <a href="/wiki/American_Forces_Press_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="American Forces Press Service">American Forces Press Service</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.defenselink.mil/News/NewsArticle.aspx?id=2402">the original</a> on 16 June 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Stryker+Brigade+Ceremony+Focuses+on+Accomplishments%2C+Sacrifices&rft.au=Donna+Miles&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defenselink.mil%2FNews%2FNewsArticle.aspx%3Fid%3D2402&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A172nd+Infantry+Brigade+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDonna_Miles" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Donna_Miles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donna Miles (page does not exist)">Donna Miles</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080616091703/http://www.defenselink.mil/News/NewsArticle.aspx?ID=2407&42407=20061213">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Arctic Wolves' Dedicate Wall Honoring Fallen Comrades"</a>. <a href="/wiki/American_Forces_Press_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="American Forces Press Service">American Forces Press Service</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.defenselink.mil/News/NewsArticle.aspx?ID=2407&42407=20061213">the original</a> on 16 June 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%27Arctic+Wolves%27+Dedicate+Wall+Honoring+Fallen+Comrades&rft.au=Donna+Miles&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defenselink.mil%2FNews%2FNewsArticle.aspx%3FID%3D2407%2642407%3D20061213&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A172nd+Infantry+Brigade+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.army.mil/-links/2006/12/19/1032-172nd-reflagged/">172nd Reflagged</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070912214239/http://www.army.mil/-links/2006/12/19/1032-172nd-reflagged/">Archived</a> 12 September 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, SRTV, United States Army. Retrieved 27 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25thID-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-25thID_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-25thID_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-25thID_38-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-25thID_38-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-25thID_38-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-25thID_38-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-25thID_38-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-25thID_38-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-25thID_38-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-25thID_38-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-25thID_38-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wainwright.army.mil/1_25_SBCT/units.htm">1st Brigade, 25th Infantry Division Homepage: Units</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080604104948/http://www.wainwright.army.mil/1_25_SBCT/units.htm">Archived</a> 4 June 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. 25th Infantry Division Staff. Retrieved 27 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USAREUR-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-USAREUR_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USAREUR_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hqusareur.army.mil/news/releases/2008-03-06_02_RELEASE20080202%20_2_.pdf">Army Announces Next Steps in USAREUR Transformation</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080910072603/http://www.hqusareur.army.mil/news/releases/2008-03-06_02_RELEASE20080202%20_2_.pdf">Archived</a> 10 September 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, US Army Europs Office of Public Affairs. Retrieved 27 June 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.2bct.1id.army.mil/Primary%20Sites/messages/09JAN08_1630.jpg">Official 2BCT Message</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080910072603/http://www.2bct.1id.army.mil/Primary%20Sites/messages/09JAN08_1630.jpg">Archived</a> 10 September 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, United States Army. Retrieved 10 August 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.2bct.1id.army.mil/Primary%20Sites/index.htm">Dagger 6 Note 03-08</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080618085140/http://www.2bct.1id.army.mil/Primary%20Sites/index.htm">Archived</a> 18 June 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, COL Jeffry Sinclair, United States Army. Retrieved 10 August 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Armytimes-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Armytimes_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Armytimes_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.armytimes.com/news/2008/05/army_deployments_051908w/">25,000 headed to war later this year</a>, Michelle Tan, <i>Army Times</i> News. Retrieved 28 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.army.mil/-news/2008/05/20/9271-usareur-unit-tapped-for-deployment-to-iraq/">USAREUR unit tapped for deployment to Iraq</a>, Seventh Army Public Affairs Office. Retrieved 28 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.172infantry.army.mil/Blackhawk6Notes/BlackHawk6Notes_2008-08.pdf">Blackhawk 6 Note 08-08</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080910072603/http://www.172infantry.army.mil/Blackhawk6Notes/BlackHawk6Notes_2008-08.pdf">Archived</a> 10 September 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, COL Jeffry Sinclair, United States Army. Retrieved 28 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/08141/883224-84.stm">W.Pa. Guard brigade headed for Iraq</a> Nancy A. Youssef, <i>The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette</i>. Retrieved 14 August 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://democrats.senate.gov/journal/entry.cfm?id=298057">With Troops Strained from Multiple Extended Deployments, They Deserve a GI Bill Worthy of Their Sacrifice</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110606171923/http://democrats.senate.gov/journal/entry.cfm?id=298057">Archived</a> 6 June 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a></i> Caucus Senate Journal. Retrieved 13 August 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.army.mil/-images/2008/07/22/19677/">Army.mil Image</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080815165724/http://www.army.mil/-images/2008/07/22/19677/">Archived</a> 15 August 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, United States Army Homepage. Retrieved 10 August 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/world/iraq/bal-te.troops20may20,0,6573372.story">40,000 troops told of fall deployment</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080908115939/http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/world/iraq/bal-te.troops20may20,0,6573372.story">Archived</a> 8 September 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, David Wood, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Baltimore_Sun" title="The Baltimore Sun">The Baltimore Sun</a></i>. Retrieved 13 August 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.armytimes.com/news/2008/09/army_usareur_090808w/">New commander among big changes in Europe</a>, ArmyTimes.com. Retrieved 10 December 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robson, Seth. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stripes.com/article.asp?article=58434&section=104">172nd Infantry Brigade ships tanks, gear for deployment</a>, Stars and Stripes. Retrieved 1 December 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mnf-iraq.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=24577&Itemid=128">"Vanguard Bde transfers authority to 172nd Infantry Bde"</a>. Multi National Corps Iraq Public Affairs Office. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090726171149/http://www.mnf-iraq.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=24577&Itemid=128">Archived</a> from the original on 26 July 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Vanguard+Bde+transfers+authority+to+172nd+Infantry+Bde&rft.pub=Multi+National+Corps+Iraq+Public+Affairs+Office&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mnf-iraq.com%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26task%3Dview%26id%3D24577%26Itemid%3D128&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A172nd+Infantry+Brigade+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeth_Robson" class="citation web cs1">Seth Robson. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stripes.com/news/europe/two-europe-based-brigades-will-deploy-to-afghanistan-in-2011-1.125993">"Two Europe-based brigades will deploy to Afghanistan in 2011 – Europe"</a>. <i>Stripes</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Stripes&rft.atitle=Two+Europe-based+brigades+will+deploy+to+Afghanistan+in+2011+%E2%80%93+Europe&rft.au=Seth+Robson&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stripes.com%2Fnews%2Feurope%2Ftwo-europe-based-brigades-will-deploy-to-afghanistan-in-2011-1.125993&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A172nd+Infantry+Brigade+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stripes.com/news/europe/final-flourish-as-172nd-inactivates-in-grafenw%C3%B6hr-1.223736">"Final flourish as 172nd inactivates in Grafenwöhr"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Final+flourish+as+172nd+inactivates+in+Grafenw%C3%B6hr&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stripes.com%2Fnews%2Feurope%2Ffinal-flourish-as-172nd-inactivates-in-grafenw%25C3%25B6hr-1.223736&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A172nd+Infantry+Brigade+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=172nd_Infantry_Brigade_(United_States)&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcGrath2004" class="citation book cs1">McGrath, John J. (2004). <i>The Brigade: A History: Its Organization and Employment in the US Army</i>. Combat Studies Institute Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4404-4915-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4404-4915-4"><bdi>978-1-4404-4915-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Brigade%3A+A+History%3A+Its+Organization+and+Employment+in+the+US+Army&rft.pub=Combat+Studies+Institute+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-4404-4915-4&rft.aulast=McGrath&rft.aufirst=John+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A172nd+Infantry+Brigade+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=172nd_Infantry_Brigade_(United_States)&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; 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