CINXE.COM
Baseline results of the NeuroNEXT spinal muscular atrophy infant biomarker study - PubMed
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" > <head itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#" > <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <!-- Mobile properties --> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="True"> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="320"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.google-analytics.com"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ed1a5a1f-b279-475e-88e3-75f261729818/CACHE/css/output.5ecf62baa0fa.css" type="text/css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ed1a5a1f-b279-475e-88e3-75f261729818/CACHE/css/output.452c70ce66f7.css" type="text/css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ed1a5a1f-b279-475e-88e3-75f261729818/CACHE/css/output.7bf600913d6e.css" type="text/css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ed1a5a1f-b279-475e-88e3-75f261729818/CACHE/css/output.0bfa59184c7a.css" type="text/css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ed1a5a1f-b279-475e-88e3-75f261729818/CACHE/css/output.b576742ffc3e.css" type="text/css"> <title>Baseline results of the NeuroNEXT spinal muscular atrophy infant biomarker study - PubMed</title> <link rel="preload" as="font" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ed1a5a1f-b279-475e-88e3-75f261729818/uswds/dist/fonts/merriweather-bold-webfont.woff2" type="font/woff2" crossorigin /> <!-- Favicons --> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/ico" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/favicons/favicon.ico" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/favicons/favicon.png" /> <!-- 192x192, as recommended for Android http://updates.html5rocks.com/2014/11/Support-for-theme-color-in-Chrome-39-for-Android --> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="192x192" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/favicons/favicon-192.png" /> <!-- 57x57 (precomposed) for iPhone 3GS, pre-2011 iPod Touch and older Android devices --> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/favicons/favicon-57.png"> <!-- 72x72 (precomposed) for 1st generation iPad, iPad 2 and iPad mini --> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="72x72" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/favicons/favicon-72.png"> <!-- 114x114 (precomposed) for iPhone 4, 4S, 5 and post-2011 iPod Touch --> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="114x114" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/favicons/favicon-114.png"> <!-- 144x144 (precomposed) for iPad 3rd and 4th generation --> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="144x144" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/favicons/favicon-144.png"> <!-- For Pinger + Google Optimize integration (NS-820) --> <meta name="ncbi_sg_optimize_id" content=""> <!-- Mobile browser address bar color --> <meta name="theme-color" content="#20558a"> <!-- Preserve the Referrer when going from HTTPS to HTTP --> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="ncbi_pinger_gtm_track" content="true"/> <!-- Logging params: Pinger defaults --> <meta name="ncbi_app" content="pubmed" /> <meta name="ncbi_db" content="pubmed" /> <meta name="ncbi_phid" content="4B3400019401F595000035EA333F40A6.1.m_6" /> <meta name="ncbi_pinger_stat_url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/stat" /> <meta name="log_category" content="literature" /> <meta name="ncbi_cost_center" content="pubmed" /> <!-- Logging params: Pinger custom --> <meta name="ncbi_pdid" content="abstract" /> <meta name="log_op" content="retrieve" /> <meta name="uid" content="26900585" /> <meta name="ncbi_uid" content="26900585" /> <meta name="log_displayeduids" content="26900585" /> <meta name="log_source_db" content="pubmed,pmc" /> <meta name="log_icons_present" content="true" /> <!-- Social meta tags for unfurling urls --> <meta name="description" content="By the time infants were recruited and presented for the baseline visit, SMA infants had reduced motor function compared to controls. Ulnar CMAP, EIM, blood SMN mRNA levels, and serum protein analytes were able to distinguish between cohorts at the enrollment visit."><meta name="keywords" content="pmid:26900585, PMC4748311, doi:10.1002/acn3.283, Stephen J Kolb, Christopher S Coffey, CollabAuthor(name='NeuroNEXT Clinical Trial Network and on behalf of the NN101 SMA Biomarker Investigators', investigators=[], affs=[]), PubMed Abstract, NIH, NLM, NCBI, National Institutes of Health, National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, MEDLINE"><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive"><meta property="og:title" content="Baseline results of the NeuroNEXT spinal muscular atrophy infant biomarker study - PubMed"><meta property="og:url" content="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26900585/"><meta property="og:description" content="By the time infants were recruited and presented for the baseline visit, SMA infants had reduced motor function compared to controls. Ulnar CMAP, EIM, blood SMN mRNA levels, and serum protein analytes were able to distinguish between cohorts at the enrollment visit."><meta property="og:image" content="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/persistent/pubmed-meta-image-v2.jpg"><meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/persistent/pubmed-meta-image-v2.jpg"><meta property="og:type" content="website"><meta property="og:site_name" content="PubMed"><meta name="twitter:domain" content="pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov"><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><meta name="twitter:title" content="Baseline results of the NeuroNEXT spinal muscular atrophy infant biomarker study - PubMed"><meta name="twitter:url" content="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26900585/"><meta name="twitter:description" content="By the time infants were recruited and presented for the baseline visit, SMA infants had reduced motor function compared to controls. Ulnar CMAP, EIM, blood SMN mRNA levels, and serum protein analytes were able to distinguish between cohorts at the enrollment visit."><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/persistent/pubmed-meta-image-v2.jpg"> <!-- OpenSearch XML --> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/persistent/opensearch.xml" title="PubMed search"> <!-- Disables severely broken elements when no JS --> <noscript> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ed1a5a1f-b279-475e-88e3-75f261729818/core/no-script.css"> </noscript> <meta name="citation_title" content="Baseline results of the NeuroNEXT spinal muscular atrophy infant biomarker study"> <meta name="citation_authors" content="Kolb SJ;Coffey CS;Yankey JW;Krosschell K;Arnold WD;Rutkove SB;Swoboda KJ;Reyna SP;Sakonju A;Darras BT;Shell R;Kuntz N;Castro D;Iannaccone ST;Parsons J;Connolly AM;Chiriboga CA;McDonald C;Burnette WB;Werner K;Thangarajh M;Shieh PB;Finanger E;Cudkowicz ME;McGovern MM;McNeil DE;Finkel R;Kaye E;Kingsley A;Renusch SR;McGovern VL;Wang X;Zaworski PG;Prior TW;Burghes AH;Bartlett A;Kissel JT; ;"> <meta name="citation_date" content="01/21/2016"> <meta name="citation_publisher" content="Ann Clin Transl Neurol"> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Annals of clinical and translational neurology"> <meta name="citation_pmid" content="26900585"> <meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26900585/"> <meta name="citation_volume" content="3"> <meta name="citation_issue" content="2"> <meta name="citation_doi" content="10.1002/acn3.283"> <meta name="citation_issn" content="2328-9503"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26900585/" /> </head> <body > <noscript> <div class="no-script-banner" id="no-script-banner"> <div class="warning-message"> <div class="warning-message-text"> This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! </div> </div> </div> </noscript> <div class="no-session-banner" id="no-session-banner" hidden> <div class="warning-message"> <div class="warning-message-text"> Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. </div> <button class="close-banner-button" title="Close Clipboard and Search History not available warning banner" ref="linksrc=close_no_session_banner" aria-controls="no-session-banner" aria-label="Close Clipboard and Search History not available warning banner" aria-expanded="true"> </button> </div> </div> <a class="usa-skipnav" href="#article-details"> Skip to main page content </a> <!-- ========== BEGIN HEADER ========== --> <section class="usa-banner"> <div class="usa-accordion"> <header class="usa-banner-header"> <div class="usa-grid usa-banner-inner"> <img src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/favicons/favicon-57.png" alt="U.S. flag" /> <p>An official website of the United States government</p> <button class="usa-accordion-button usa-banner-button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="gov-banner-top" > <span class="usa-banner-button-text">Here's how you know</span> </button> </div> </header> <div class="usa-banner-content usa-grid usa-accordion-content" id="gov-banner-top" > <div class="usa-banner-guidance-gov usa-width-one-half"> <img class="usa-banner-icon usa-media_block-img" src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-dot-gov.svg" alt="Dot gov" /> <div class="usa-media_block-body"> <p> <strong>The .gov means it’s official.</strong> <br /> Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site. </p> </div> </div> <div class="usa-banner-guidance-ssl usa-width-one-half"> <img class="usa-banner-icon usa-media_block-img" src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-https.svg" alt="Https" /> <div class="usa-media_block-body"> <p> <strong>The site is secure.</strong> <br /> The <strong>https://</strong> ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <div class="usa-overlay"></div> <header class="ncbi-header" role="banner" data-section="Header"> <div class="usa-grid"> <div class="usa-width-one-whole"> <div class="ncbi-header__logo"> <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" class="logo" aria-label="NCBI Logo" data-ga-action="click_image" data-ga-label="NIH NLM Logo"> <img src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/logos/AgencyLogo.svg" alt="NIH NLM Logo" /> </a> </div> <div class="ncbi-header__account"> <a id="account_login" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov" class="usa-button header-button" style="display:none" data-ga-action="open_menu" data-ga-label="account_menu">Log in</a> <button id="account_info" class="header-button" style="display:none" aria-controls="account_popup"> <span class="fa fa-user" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="username desktop-only" aria-hidden="true" id="uname_short"></span> <span class="sr-only">Show account info</span> </button> </div> <div class="ncbi-popup-anchor"> <div class="ncbi-popup account-popup" id="account_popup" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="ncbi-popup-head"> <button class="ncbi-close-button" data-ga-action="close_menu" data-ga-label="account_menu"><span class="fa fa-times"></span><span class="usa-sr-only">Close</span></button> <h4>Account</h4> </div> <div class="account-user-info"> Logged in as:<br/> <b><span class="username" id="uname_long">username</span></b> </div> <div class="account-links"> <ul class="usa-unstyled-list"> <li><a id="account_myncbi" href="/myncbi/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_myncbi">Dashboard</a></li> <li><a id="account_pubs" href="/myncbi/collections/bibliography/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_pubs">Publications</a></li> <li><a id="account_settings" href="/account/settings/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_settings">Account settings</a></li> <li><a id="account_logout" href="/account/signout/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_logout">Log out</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div role="navigation" aria-label="access keys"> <a id="nws_header_accesskey_0" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/browsers/#ncbi_accesskeys" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="0" tabindex="-1">Access keys</a> <a id="nws_header_accesskey_1" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="1" tabindex="-1">NCBI Homepage</a> <a id="nws_header_accesskey_2" href="/myncbi/" class="set-base-url usa-sr-only" accesskey="2" tabindex="-1">MyNCBI Homepage</a> <a id="nws_header_accesskey_3" href="#maincontent" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="3" tabindex="-1">Main Content</a> <a id="nws_header_accesskey_4" href="#" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="4" tabindex="-1">Main Navigation</a> </div> <section data-section="Alerts"> <div class="ncbi-alerts-placeholder"></div> </section> <!-- ========== END HEADER ========== --> <a id="maincontent" aria-label="Main page content below" role="navigation"></a> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="C5vmH6aQUwtWZiIGYtbKO7sqMRcVyZsXYXVUVb4CSqHzQJvNGmXC8Oc2BiCn9i8D"> <form action="/" method="get" autocomplete="off" class="usa-search usa-search-big search-form content-page-layout" id="search-form" role="search"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <a class="pubmed-logo" aria-label="Pubmed Logo" href="/" data-ga-category="featured_link" data-ga-action="pubmed_logo"> <img src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ed1a5a1f-b279-475e-88e3-75f261729818/core/images/pubmed-logo-blue.svg" alt="pubmed logo" /> </a> <a href="#" class="search-input-trigger" data-alt-title="Hide search bar" title="Show search bar" aria-label="Show search bar"> </a> <div role="search" class="search-input"> <div class="form-field "> <label class="usa-sr-only" for="id_term"> Search: </label> <input type="search" name="term" data-skip-ie-scroll-to-top="" data-replace-term-with-exact="" data-exact-query="" placeholder="" class="term-input" required="required" id="id_term"/><a href="#" class="clear-btn" aria-label="Clear search input" title="Clear search input" role="button" data-pinger-ignore></a><button type="submit" class="search-btn" aria-label="Search" disabled data-pinger-ignore><span class="usa-search-submit-text">Search</span></button> </div> </div> <!-- Create alert and Create RSS are buttons that look like links --> <!-- Better for them to look like buttons but no space --> <div class="search-links-wrapper content-page-layout"> <div class="search-links"> <a href="/advanced/" class="search-input-link adv-search-link" data-ga-category="featured_link" data-ga-action="adv_search">Advanced</a> <a href="/clipboard/" class="search-input-link clipboard-link hidden" data-ga-category="featured_link" data-ga-action="clipboard"> Clipboard <span class="amount-in-clipboard"></span> </a> </div> <span class="search-input-link user-guide-link" role="navigation" aria-label="User guide"> <a href="/help/" data-ga-category="featured_link" data-ga-action="user_guide"> User Guide </a> </span> </div> </div> </form> <div id="article-page-header"> <div id="article-top-actions-bar" class="article-top-actions-bar"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <div class="actions-container"> <div class="return-to-search"> </div> <div class="multiple-results-actions " role="region" aria-label="save, email, send to"> <button id="save-results-panel-trigger" type="button" class="save-results save-results-panel-trigger" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="save-action-panel" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="save" data-ga-label="open"> Save </button><button id="email-results-panel-trigger" type="button" class="email-results email-results-panel-trigger" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="email-action-panel" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="email" data-ga-label="open"> Email </button><div class="more-actions dropdown-block"><button id="more-actions-trigger" type="button" class="trigger more-actions-trigger" ref="linksrc=show_moreactions_btn" aria-label="Send to" aria-controls="more-actions-dropdown">Send to</button><div id="more-actions-dropdown" class="dropdown dropdown-container" hidden><div class="content"><ul class="more-actions-links"><li><a class="clipboard-panel-trigger dropdown-block-link " href="#" role="button" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="clipboard" data-ga-label="send"> Clipboard </a></li><li><a role="button" class="dropdown-block-link bibliography-trigger-target" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F26900585%2F%23open-bibliography-panel">My Bibliography</a></li><li><a role="button" class="dropdown-block-link collections-trigger-target" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F26900585%2F%23open-collections-panel">Collections</a></li><li><a role="button" class="citation-manager-panel-trigger dropdown-block-link citation-manager-trigger-target" href="#">Citation manager</a></li></ul></div></div></div> </div> <div class="display-options" data-format-key="format" data-default-format-value="abstract" data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region"> <button class="trigger usa-button" title="Change format" data-ga-category="display_options" data-ga-action="display_options_dialog"> <span class="button-label">Display options</span> </button> <div class="dropdown" hidden> <div class="title"> Display options </div> <div class="content"> <div class="format-container"> <span class="option-label"> Format </span> <select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="article-display-format"> <option value="abstract">Abstract</option> <option value="pubmed">PubMed</option> <option value="pmid">PMID</option> </select> </div> </div> </div> </div> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="C5vmH6aQUwtWZiIGYtbKO7sqMRcVyZsXYXVUVb4CSqHzQJvNGmXC8Oc2BiCn9i8D"> </div> </div> </div> <div id="article-panels-container" class="article-panels-container"> <div id="save-action-panel" class="save-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Save citation to file </h2> <form id="save-action-panel-form" class="action-panel-content action-form" action="/results-export-ids/" data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/" data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/" method="post" data-by-search-method="post" data-by-ids-method="post"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="C5vmH6aQUwtWZiIGYtbKO7sqMRcVyZsXYXVUVb4CSqHzQJvNGmXC8Oc2BiCn9i8D"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="save-action-format" class="action-panel-label"> Format: </label> <select id="save-action-format" name="results-format" class="action-panel-selector"> <option value="summary-text">Summary (text)</option> <option value="pubmed-text">PubMed</option> <option value="pmid">PMID</option> <option value="abstract">Abstract (text)</option> <option value="csv">CSV</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Saving..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="save" data-ga-label="save"> Create file </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Save citations to file' panel" ref="linksrc=close_save_panel" aria-controls="save-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="save" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="email-action-panel" class="email-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true" data-recaptcha-script-url="https://www.recaptcha.net/recaptcha/enterprise.js?render=explicit&onload=onloadCaptchaCallback" data-recaptcha-enabled="true"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Email citation </h2> <form id="email-action-panel-form" class="action-panel-content action-form" action="/send-email/" data-by-search-action="/results-export-email-by-search-data/" data-by-ids-action="/send-email/" data-by-search-method="post" data-by-ids-method="post" method="post" > <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="C5vmH6aQUwtWZiIGYtbKO7sqMRcVyZsXYXVUVb4CSqHzQJvNGmXC8Oc2BiCn9i8D"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <span class="action-panel-label"> Subject: </span> <span class="email-subject" id="email-subject" aria-label="Email subject">1 selected item: 26900585 - PubMed</span> <input type="hidden" name="email-subject" value="1 selected item: 26900585"/> <input type="hidden" name="email-subject-hash" value="8c4c212dd54ad44a3caf2284b57be42aae381369b8fabef1ccd51a4fae0044b6"/> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="email-to" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> To: </label> <input type="email" aria-label="Recipient Email Address" placeholder="email@example.com" id="email-to" class="email-to" pattern="^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$" maxlength="100" required> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="email-from" class="action-panel-label"> From: </label> <input type="email" aria-label="Sender Email Address" placeholder="email@example.com" id="email-from" class="email-from" pattern="^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$" maxlength="256"> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="email-citation-format" class="action-panel-label"> Format: </label> <select id="email-citation-format" name="citation-format" class="action-panel-selector email-citation-format"> <option selected="selected" value="summary">Summary</option> <option value="summary-text">Summary (text)</option> <option value="abstract">Abstract</option> <option value="abstract-text">Abstract (text)</option> </select> </div> <div class="include-supplemental-container"> <input type="checkbox" aria-label="Include MeSH and other data" name="include-supplemental" id="email-include-supplemental" class="email-include-supplemental"> <label for="email-include-supplemental" class="email-include-supplemental-label">MeSH and other data</label> </div> <div class="form-field recaptcha "> <div class="g-recaptcha" id="id-recaptcha" data-sitekey="6LfsWHMdAAAAAClKbtOpjQ2pMjgsGxvv7NdZW9uI"></div> </div> <div id="captcha-error-message" class="usa-input-error-message captcha-validation-message" role="alert"></div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Sending..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="email" data-ga-label="send"> Send email </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Email citations' panel" ref="linksrc=close_email_panel" aria-controls="email-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="email" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> <input type="hidden" name="email-search-details" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="email-search-details-hash" value="0e42663a6c3bd85498fcb88798998fed7bfdc45d457db35281e41afe13cc0524" /> </form> </div> </div> <div id="collections-action-panel" class="collections-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel" aria-hidden="true" data-collections-open-panel-enabled="false" data-collections-open-panel-url-hash="#open-collections-panel"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h3 class="action-panel-heading"> Add to Collections </h3> <form id="collections-action-panel-form" class="collections-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors" data-existing-collections-url="/list-existing-collections/" data-add-to-existing-collection-url="/add-to-existing-collection/" data-create-and-add-to-new-collection-url="/create-and-add-to-new-collection/" data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/" data-myncbi-max-collection-name-length="100" data-add-to-collection-max-amount="1000" data-collections-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="C5vmH6aQUwtWZiIGYtbKO7sqMRcVyZsXYXVUVb4CSqHzQJvNGmXC8Oc2BiCn9i8D"> <div class="choice-group" role="radiogroup"> <ul class="radio-group-items"> <li> <input type="radio" id="collections-action-panel-new" class="collections-new" name="collections" value="new" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="collections" data-ga-label="collections_radio_new"> <label for="collections-action-panel-new">Create a new collection</label> </li> <li> <input type="radio" id="collections-action-panel-existing" class="collections-existing" name="collections" value="existing" checked="true" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="collections" data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing"> <label for="collections-action-panel-existing">Add to an existing collection</label> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="controls-wrapper"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls"> <label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Name your collection: </label> <input type="text" name="add-to-new-collection" id="collections-action-panel-add-to-new" class="collections-action-add-to-new" pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/" maxlength="100" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="create_collection" data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection"> <div class="collections-new-name-too-long usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Name must be less than 100 characters </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls"> <label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label"> Choose a collection: </label> <select id="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="select_collection" data-ga-label="($('#collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'"> </select> <div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Unable to load your collection due to an error<br> <a href="#">Please try again</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Adding..." data-pinger-ignore data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="collections" data-ga-label="add"> Add </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel" ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel" aria-controls="collections-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="collections" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="bibliography-action-panel" class="bibliography-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel" aria-hidden="true" data-bibliography-open-panel-enabled="false" data-bibliography-open-panel-url-hash="#open-bibliography-panel"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h3 class="action-panel-heading"> Add to My Bibliography </h3> <form id="bibliography-action-panel-form" class="bibliography-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors" data-add-to-bibliography-max-amount="100" data-add-to-bibliography-batch-size="10" data-bibliography-delegates-url="/list-bibliography-delegates/" data-add-to-bibliography-url="/add-to-bibliography/" data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/" data-mybib-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/mybibliography/"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="C5vmH6aQUwtWZiIGYtbKO7sqMRcVyZsXYXVUVb4CSqHzQJvNGmXC8Oc2BiCn9i8D"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap bibliographies-controls"> <div class="choice-group"> <ul class="bibliographies-action-add radio-group-items"> <li> <input name="bibliography" id="my-bibliography" class="my-bibliography" type="radio" checked/> <label for="my-bibliography">My Bibliography</label> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="bibliographies-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Unable to load your delegates due to an error<br> <a href="#">Please try again</a> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Adding..." data-pinger-ignore> Add </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Add to bibliography' panel" ref="linksrc=close_bibliography_panel" aria-controls="bibliography-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="mybib" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="saved-search-action-panel" class="saved-search-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true" data-saved-search-open-panel-enabled="false" data-saved-search-open-panel-url-hash="#open-saved-search-panel"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Your saved search </h2> <form id="saved-search-action-panel-form" class="saved-search-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form" data-create-saved-search-url="/create-saved-search/" data-try-search-terms-url="/try-search-term/" data-saved-search-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/searches/"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="C5vmH6aQUwtWZiIGYtbKO7sqMRcVyZsXYXVUVb4CSqHzQJvNGmXC8Oc2BiCn9i8D"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-name" class="action-panel-label saved-search-name-label required-field-asterisk"> Name of saved search: </label> <input maxlength="200" type="text" name="saved-search-name" id="saved-search-name" class="saved-search-name" value="" required pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-term" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Search terms: </label> <textarea name="saved-search-term" id="saved-search-term" class="saved-search-term" required></textarea> </div> <div class="test-search-term-wrap"> <a href="#" class="try-search-term">Test search terms</a> </div> <div class="choice-group action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <span class="action-panel-label" id="fieldset-label"> Would you like email updates of new search results? </span> <fieldset id="saved-search-alert" aria-describedby="fieldset-label"> <legend class="usa-sr-only">Saved Search Alert Radio Buttons</legend> <ul class="radio-group-items"> <li> <input type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-yes" class="saved-search-alert-yes" name="saved-search-alert" value="yes" checked> <label for="saved-search-alert-yes" class="action-panel-label">Yes</label> </li> <li> <input aria-label="No radio input" type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-no" class="saved-search-alert-no" name="saved-search-alert" value="no"> <label for="saved-search-alert-no" class="action-panel-label">No</label> </li> </ul> </fieldset> </div> <div class="alert-schedule-wrap"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label class="action-panel-label"> Email: </label> <span aria-label="Email address" id="saved-search-email" class="action-panel-label"><span class="action-panel-label-bold"></span> (<a class="myncbi-account-settings" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/">change</a>)</span> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <label for="saved-search-frequency" class="action-panel-label"> Frequency: </label> <select id="saved-search-frequency" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-frequency"> <option value="monthly">Monthly</option> <option value="weekly">Weekly</option> <option value="daily">Daily</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-monthly-additional"> <label for="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="action-panel-label"> Which day? </label> <select id="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector"> <option value="Sunday">The first Sunday</option> <option value="Monday">The first Monday</option> <option value="Tuesday">The first Tuesday</option> <option value="Wednesday">The first Wednesday</option> <option value="Thursday">The first Thursday</option> <option value="Friday">The first Friday</option> <option value="Saturday">The first Saturday</option> <option value="day">The first day</option> <option value="weekday">The first weekday</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-weekly-additional"> <label for="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="action-panel-label"> Which day? </label> <select id="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-weekly-on-day"> <option value="Sunday">Sunday</option> <option value="Monday">Monday</option> <option value="Tuesday">Tuesday</option> <option value="Wednesday">Wednesday</option> <option value="Thursday">Thursday</option> <option value="Friday">Friday</option> <option value="Saturday">Saturday</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-report" class="action-panel-label"> Report format: </label> <select id="saved-search-report" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-report"> <option value="DocSum">Summary</option> <option value="DocSumText">Summary (text)</option> <option value="Abstract">Abstract</option> <option value="AbstractText">Abstract (text)</option> <option value="MEDLINE">PubMed</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-amount" class="action-panel-label"> Send at most: </label> <select id="saved-search-amount" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-amount"> <option value="1">1 item</option> <option value="5" selected>5 items</option> <option value="10">10 items</option> <option value="20">20 items</option> <option value="50">50 items</option> <option value="100">100 items</option> <option value="200">200 items</option> </select> </div> <div> <input type="checkbox" id="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="saved-search-send-if-no-result" name="saved-search-send-if-no-result"> <label for="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="action-panel-label smaller-checkbox"> Send even when there aren't any new results </label> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap option-text-in-email-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-email-text" class="action-panel-label"> Optional text in email: </label> <textarea name="saved-search-email-text" id="saved-search-email-text" class="saved-search-email-text"></textarea> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Saving..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="save"> Save </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Your saved search' panel" ref="linksrc=close_saved_search_panel" aria-controls="saved-search-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="citation-manager-action-panel" class="citation-manager-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Create a file for external citation management software </h2> <form id="citation-manager-action-panel-form" class="action-panel-content action-form" action="/results-export-ids/" data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/" data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/" method="post" data-by-search-method="post" data-by-ids-method="post"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="C5vmH6aQUwtWZiIGYtbKO7sqMRcVyZsXYXVUVb4CSqHzQJvNGmXC8Oc2BiCn9i8D"> <input name="results-format" type="hidden" value="pubmed"/> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Sending..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="citation_manager" data-ga-label="save"> Create file </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Send citations to citation manager' panel" ref="linksrc=close_citation_manager_panel" aria-controls="citation-manager-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="citation_manager" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="rss-action-panel" class="rss-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Your RSS Feed </h2> <form id="rss-action-panel-form" class="rss-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form" data-create-rss-feed-url="/create-rss-feed-url/" data-search-form-term-value=""> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="C5vmH6aQUwtWZiIGYtbKO7sqMRcVyZsXYXVUVb4CSqHzQJvNGmXC8Oc2BiCn9i8D"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="rss-name" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Name of RSS Feed: </label> <input maxlength="200" placeholder="Name" type="text" name="rss-name" id="rss-name" class="rss-name" value='' required pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"> </div> <div class="rss-limit-wrap"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <label for="rss-limit" class="action-panel-label"> Number of items displayed: </label> <select id="rss-limit" class="no-border-panel-selector rss-limit"> <option value="5">5</option> <option value="10">10</option> <option value="15" selected="selected">15</option> <option value="20">20</option> <option value="50">50</option> <option value="100">100</option> </select> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Creating..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="save"> Create RSS </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Your RSS' panel" ref="linksrc=close_rss_panel" aria-controls="rss-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap rss-link-copy-wrap"> <label for="rss-link" class="usa-sr-only">RSS Link</label> <input placeholder="Your RSS Feed Link" type="text" name="rss-link" id="rss-link" class="rss-link" title="RSS Link"> <button type="button" disabled class="rss-link-copy-button disabled" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="rss" data-ga-label="copy"> Copy </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="article-page" id="article-page" data-article-pmid="26900585"> <aside class="page-sidebar"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <div class="full-text-links"> <div class="full-view"> <h3 class="title"> Full text links </h3> <div class="full-text-links-list"> <a class="link-item dialog-focus" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/acn3.283" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=fulltextorjournal_fulltext&is_pmc=False&PrId=3058&itool=Abstract-def&log$=linkouticon&uid=26900585&db=pubmed&nlmid=101623278" title="See full text options at Wiley" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="Wiley" data-ga-label="26900585" ><img src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/query/egifs/http:--media.wiley.com-assets-7388-68-wiley-free-full-text.png" alt="full text provider logo"><span class="text"> Wiley </span></a><a class="link-item pmc " href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmid/26900585/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=fulltextorjournal_fulltext&is_pmc=True&PrId=3494&itool=Abstract-def&log$=linkouticon&uid=26900585&db=pubmed&nlmid=101623278" title="Free full text at PubMed Central" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="PMC" data-ga-label="26900585" ><span class="text"> Free PMC article </span></a> </div> </div> <div class="short-view"> <a href="#" class="full-text-links-button full-text-links-dialog-trigger"> Full text links </a> </div> </div> <div class="actions-buttons sidebar"><h3 class="title">Actions</h3><div class="inner-wrap"><button class="citation-button citation-dialog-trigger" aria-label="Open dialog with citation text in different styles" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="cite" data-ga-label="open" data-all-citations-url="/26900585/citations/" data-citation-style="nlm" data-pubmed-format-link="/26900585/export/"><span class="button-label">Cite</span></button><link type="text/css" href="ncbi-overlay-block/src/overlay-block.css"><div class="collections-button-container" data-article-id="26900585" data-article-db="pubmed"><button class="collections-button collections-dialog-trigger" aria-label="Save article in MyNCBI collections." data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="collections_button" data-collections-open-dialog-enabled="false" data-collections-open-dialog-url="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F26900585%2F%23open-collections-dialog" data-in-collections="false"><span class="button-label">Collections</span></button><div class="overlay" role="dialog"><div id="collections-action-dialog" class="dialog collections-dialog" aria-hidden="true"><div class="title">Add to Collections</div><div class="collections-action-panel action-panel"><form id="collections-action-dialog-form" class="collections-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors" data-existing-collections-url="/list-existing-collections/" data-add-to-existing-collection-url="/add-to-existing-collection/" data-create-and-add-to-new-collection-url="/create-and-add-to-new-collection/" data-myncbi-max-collection-name-length="100" data-collections-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/"><input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="C5vmH6aQUwtWZiIGYtbKO7sqMRcVyZsXYXVUVb4CSqHzQJvNGmXC8Oc2BiCn9i8D"><div class="choice-group" role="radiogroup"><ul class="radio-group-items"><li><input type="radio" id="collections-action-dialog-new" class="collections-new" name="collections" value="new" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="collections_radio_new"><label for="collections-action-dialog-new">Create a new collection</label></li><li><input type="radio" id="collections-action-dialog-existing" class="collections-existing" name="collections" value="existing" checked="true" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing"><label for="collections-action-dialog-existing">Add to an existing collection</label></li></ul></div><div class="controls-wrapper"><div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Name your collection: </label><input type="text" name="add-to-new-collection" id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new" class="collections-action-add-to-new" pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/" maxlength="100" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="create_collection" data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection"><div class="collections-new-name-too-long usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Name must be less than 100 characters </div></div><div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label"> Choose a collection: </label><select id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="select_collection" data-ga-label="($('.collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'"></select><div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Unable to load your collection due to an error<br><a href="#">Please try again</a></div></div></div><div class="action-panel-actions"><button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Adding..." data-pinger-ignore data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="add"> Add </button><button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel" ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel" aria-controls="collections-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button></div></form></div></div></div></div><button class="more-actions-button more-actions-dialog-trigger" title="Open dialog with more actions to take" ref="linksrc=more_actions_btn"></button><div class="display-options" data-format-key="format" data-default-format-value="abstract" data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region"><button class="trigger usa-button" title="Change format" data-ga-category="display_options" data-ga-action="display_options_dialog"><span class="button-label">Display options</span></button><div class="dropdown" hidden><div class="title"> Display options </div><div class="content"><div class="format-container"><span class="option-label"> Format </span><select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="sidebar-actions-display-format"><option value="abstract">Abstract</option><option value="pubmed">PubMed</option><option value="pmid">PMID</option></select></div></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="social-sharing"> <h3 class="title"> Share </h3> <ul class="social-sharing-links usa-unstyled-list"> <li> <a href="http://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Baseline%20results%20of%20the%20NeuroNEXT%20spinal%20muscular%20atrophy%20infant%20biomarker%20study%20https%3A//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26900585/" class="share-link share-link-twitter" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="Pubmed-Social-Media-Share-Popup" title="Share article on Twitter" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="social" data-ga-label="twitter"></a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26900585/" class="share-link share-link-facebook" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="Pubmed-Social-Media-Share-Popup" title="Share article on Facebook" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="social" data-ga-label="fb"></a> </li> <li> <div class="share-permalink"> <button class="trigger" title="Show article permalink" ref="linksrc=show_permalink_btn"> </button> <div class="dropdown" hidden> <div class="title"> Permalink </div> <div class="content"> <input type="text" class="permalink-text" value="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26900585/" aria-label="Article permalink"/><button class="permalink-copy-button usa-button-primary" title="Copy article permalink" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="link" data-ga-label="copy_link"><span class="button-title">Copy</span></button> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <nav class="page-navigator" role="navigation" aria-label="Page navigation"> <div class="full-view"> <h3 class="title"> Page navigation </h3> <ul class="items-list"> <li class="heading "> <a href="#heading" aria-label="navigate to Title & authors section" data-ga-category="page_nav" data-ga-action="heading"> Title & authors </a> </li> <li class="abstract "> <a href="#abstract" aria-label="navigate to Abstract section" data-ga-category="page_nav" data-ga-action="abstract"> Abstract </a> </li> <li class="figures "> <a href="#figures" aria-label="navigate to Figures section" data-ga-category="page_nav" data-ga-action="figures"> Figures </a> </li> <li class="similar "> <a href="#similar" aria-label="navigate to Similar articles section" data-ga-category="page_nav" data-ga-action="similar"> Similar articles </a> </li> <li class="citedby "> <a href="#citedby" aria-label="navigate to Cited by section" data-ga-category="page_nav" data-ga-action="citedby"> Cited by </a> </li> <li class="references "> <a href="#references" aria-label="navigate to References section" data-ga-category="page_nav" data-ga-action="references"> References </a> </li> <li class="related-links "> <a href="#related-links" aria-label="navigate to Related information section" data-ga-category="page_nav" data-ga-action="related-links"> Related information </a> </li> <li class="grants "> <a href="#grants" aria-label="navigate to Grants and funding section" data-ga-category="page_nav" data-ga-action="grants"> Grants and funding </a> </li> <li class="linkout "> <a href="#linkout" aria-label="navigate to LinkOut - more resources section" data-ga-category="page_nav" data-ga-action="linkout"> LinkOut - more resources </a> </li> </ul> </div> <select class="short-view" autocomplete="off" title="navigate to selected section" aria-label="Navigate to page section"> <option value="heading">Title & authors</option> <option value="abstract">Abstract</option> <option value="figures">Figures</option> <option value="similar">Similar articles</option> <option value="citedby">Cited by</option> <option value="references">References</option> <option value="related-links">Related information</option> <option value="grants">Grants and funding</option> <option value="linkout">LinkOut - more resources</option> </select> </nav> </div> </aside> <main class="article-details" id="article-details"> <!-- "Filters applied" shows only when page is redirected from search --> <!-- because search found one result --> <header class="heading" id="heading"> <div class="full-view" id="full-view-heading"> <div class="article-citation"> <div class="article-source"> <div class="journal-actions dropdown-block"><button id="full-view-journal-trigger" class="journal-actions-trigger trigger" ref="linksrc=journal_actions_btn" title="Annals of clinical and translational neurology" tabindex="0" aria-controls="full-view-journal" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for journal Annals of clinical and translational neurology" data-pinger-ignore> Ann Clin Transl Neurol </button><div id="full-view-journal" class="journal-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for journal Annals of clinical and translational neurology"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="journal-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Ann+Clin+Transl+Neurol%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Ann+Clin+Transl+Neurol%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_journal_name_link&journal_abbrev=Ann Clin Transl Neurol" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="journal_link" data-ga-label="Ann Clin Transl Neurol"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-nlm-catalog-link dropdown-block-link" ref ="linksrc=search_in_nlm_catalog_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Ann+Clin+Transl+Neurol%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D" data-ga-category="search_catalog" data-ga-action="journal_link" data-ga-label="Ann Clin Transl Neurol"> Search in NLM Catalog </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref ="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term='"Ann Clin Transl Neurol"[jour]' data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label='"Ann Clin Transl Neurol"[jour]' href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div><span class="period">. </span><span class="cit">2016 Jan 21;3(2):132-45.</span> </div> <span class="citation-doi"> doi: 10.1002/acn3.283. </span> <span class="secondary-date"> eCollection 2016 Feb. </span> </div> <h1 class="heading-title"> Baseline results of the NeuroNEXT spinal muscular atrophy infant biomarker study </h1> <div class="inline-authors"> <div class="authors"> <div class="authors-list"> <span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Kolb+SJ&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Stephen J Kolb">Stephen J Kolb</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Neurology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio; Department of Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio." href="#full-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Coffey+CS&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Christopher S Coffey">Christopher S Coffey</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Biostatistics Neuro NEXT Data Coordinating Center University of Iowa Iowa City Iowa." href="#full-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Yankey+JW&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Jon W Yankey">Jon W Yankey</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Biostatistics Neuro NEXT Data Coordinating Center University of Iowa Iowa City Iowa." href="#full-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Krosschell+K&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Kristin Krosschell">Kristin Krosschell</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Departments of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences and Pediatrics Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago Illinois." href="#full-view-affiliation-3" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 3 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Arnold+WD&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="W David Arnold">W David Arnold</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Neurology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio." href="#full-view-affiliation-4" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 4 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Rutkove+SB&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Seward B Rutkove">Seward B Rutkove</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston Massachusetts." href="#full-view-affiliation-5" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 5 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Swoboda+KJ&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Kathryn J Swoboda">Kathryn J Swoboda</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah; Department of Neurology Neuro NEXT Clinical Coordinating Center Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts." href="#full-view-affiliation-6" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 6 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Reyna+SP&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Sandra P Reyna">Sandra P Reyna</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah; Department of Neurology Neuro NEXT Clinical Coordinating Center Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts." href="#full-view-affiliation-6" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 6 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Sakonju+A&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Ai Sakonju">Ai Sakonju</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah." href="#full-view-affiliation-7" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 7 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Darras+BT&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Basil T Darras">Basil T Darras</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Neurology Boston Children's Hospital Boston Massachusetts." href="#full-view-affiliation-8" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 8 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Shell+R&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Richard Shell">Richard Shell</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Nationwide Children's Hospital Columbus Ohio." href="#full-view-affiliation-9" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 9 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Kuntz+N&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Nancy Kuntz">Nancy Kuntz</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago Chicago Illinois." href="#full-view-affiliation-10" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 10 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Castro+D&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Diana Castro">Diana Castro</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas." href="#full-view-affiliation-11" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 11 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Iannaccone+ST&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Susan T Iannaccone">Susan T Iannaccone</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas." href="#full-view-affiliation-11" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 11 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Parsons+J&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Julie Parsons">Julie Parsons</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado." href="#full-view-affiliation-12" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 12 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Connolly+AM&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Anne M Connolly">Anne M Connolly</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis St. Louis Missouri." href="#full-view-affiliation-13" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 13 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Chiriboga+CA&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Claudia A Chiriboga">Claudia A Chiriboga</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Neurology Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons New York New York." href="#full-view-affiliation-14" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 14 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=McDonald+C&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Craig McDonald">Craig McDonald</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="University of California - Davis Davis California." href="#full-view-affiliation-15" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 15 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Burnette+WB&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="W Bryan Burnette">W Bryan Burnette</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee." href="#full-view-affiliation-16" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 16 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Werner+K&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Klaus Werner">Klaus Werner</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="SUNY Upstate Medical Center Syracuse New York." href="#full-view-affiliation-17" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 17 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Thangarajh+M&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Mathula Thangarajh">Mathula Thangarajh</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Children's National Medical Center Washington District of Columbia." href="#full-view-affiliation-18" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 18 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Shieh+PB&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Perry B Shieh">Perry B Shieh</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="University of California - Los Angeles Los Angeles California." href="#full-view-affiliation-19" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 19 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Finanger+E&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Erika Finanger">Erika Finanger</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Dorenbecher Children's Hospital Portland Oregon." href="#full-view-affiliation-20" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 20 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Cudkowicz+ME&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Merit E Cudkowicz">Merit E Cudkowicz</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Neurology Neuro NEXT Clinical Coordinating Center Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts." href="#full-view-affiliation-21" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 21 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=McGovern+MM&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Michelle M McGovern">Michelle M McGovern</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Neurology Neuro NEXT Clinical Coordinating Center Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts." href="#full-view-affiliation-21" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 21 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=McNeil+DE&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="D Elizabeth McNeil">D Elizabeth McNeil</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Bethesda Maryland." href="#full-view-affiliation-22" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 22 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Finkel+R&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Richard Finkel">Richard Finkel</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Nemours Children's Hospital Orlando Florida." href="#full-view-affiliation-23" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 23 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Kaye+E&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Edward Kaye">Edward Kaye</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Sarepta Therapeutics Cambridge Massachusetts." href="#full-view-affiliation-24" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 24 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Kingsley+A&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Allison Kingsley">Allison Kingsley</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Neurology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio." href="#full-view-affiliation-25" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 25 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Renusch+SR&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Samantha R Renusch">Samantha R Renusch</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio." href="#full-view-affiliation-26" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 26 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=McGovern+VL&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Vicki L McGovern">Vicki L McGovern</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio." href="#full-view-affiliation-26" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 26 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Wang+X&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Xueqian Wang">Xueqian Wang</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio." href="#full-view-affiliation-26" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 26 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Zaworski+PG&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Phillip G Zaworski">Phillip G Zaworski</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Pharm Optima Portage Michigan." href="#full-view-affiliation-27" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 27 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Prior+TW&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Thomas W Prior">Thomas W Prior</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Molecular Pathology Ohio State Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio." href="#full-view-affiliation-28" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 28 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Burghes+AH&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Arthur H M Burghes">Arthur H M Burghes</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio." href="#full-view-affiliation-26" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 26 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Bartlett+A&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Amy Bartlett">Amy Bartlett</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Neurology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio." href="#full-view-affiliation-25" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 25 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Kissel+JT&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="John T Kissel">John T Kissel</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Neurology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio." href="#full-view-affiliation-25" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 25 </a></sup><span class="semicolon">; </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=NeuroNEXT+Clinical+Trial+Network+and+on+behalf+of+the+NN101+SMA+Biomarker+Investigators%5BCorporate+Author%5D" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="NeuroNEXT Clinical Trial Network and on behalf of the NN101 SMA Biomarker Investigators">NeuroNEXT Clinical Trial Network and on behalf of the NN101 SMA Biomarker Investigators</a></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="short-article-details"> Affiliations <button class="more-details" id="toggle-authors" data-alt-text="Collapse" aria-controls="expanded-authors" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore data-fetch-url="/26900585/long-authors/" data-id-prefix=""> <span class="title"> Expand </span> </button> </div> <div class="extended-article-details" id="expanded-authors" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="expanded-authors" id="full-view-expanded-authors"> <div class="affiliations"> <h3 class="title"> Affiliations </h3> <ul class="item-list"> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-1" id="full-view-affiliation-1" ><sup class="key">1</sup> Department of Neurology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio; Department of Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-2" id="full-view-affiliation-2" ><sup class="key">2</sup> Department of Biostatistics Neuro NEXT Data Coordinating Center University of Iowa Iowa City Iowa.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-3" id="full-view-affiliation-3" ><sup class="key">3</sup> Departments of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences and Pediatrics Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago Illinois.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-4" id="full-view-affiliation-4" ><sup class="key">4</sup> Department of Neurology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-5" id="full-view-affiliation-5" ><sup class="key">5</sup> Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston Massachusetts.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-6" id="full-view-affiliation-6" ><sup class="key">6</sup> Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah; Department of Neurology Neuro NEXT Clinical Coordinating Center Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-7" id="full-view-affiliation-7" ><sup class="key">7</sup> Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-8" id="full-view-affiliation-8" ><sup class="key">8</sup> Department of Neurology Boston Children's Hospital Boston Massachusetts.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-9" id="full-view-affiliation-9" ><sup class="key">9</sup> Nationwide Children's Hospital Columbus Ohio.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-10" id="full-view-affiliation-10" ><sup class="key">10</sup> Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago Chicago Illinois.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-11" id="full-view-affiliation-11" ><sup class="key">11</sup> UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-12" id="full-view-affiliation-12" ><sup class="key">12</sup> Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-13" id="full-view-affiliation-13" ><sup class="key">13</sup> Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis St. Louis Missouri.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-14" id="full-view-affiliation-14" ><sup class="key">14</sup> Department of Neurology Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons New York New York.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-15" id="full-view-affiliation-15" ><sup class="key">15</sup> University of California - Davis Davis California.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-16" id="full-view-affiliation-16" ><sup class="key">16</sup> Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-17" id="full-view-affiliation-17" ><sup class="key">17</sup> SUNY Upstate Medical Center Syracuse New York.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-18" id="full-view-affiliation-18" ><sup class="key">18</sup> Children's National Medical Center Washington District of Columbia.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-19" id="full-view-affiliation-19" ><sup class="key">19</sup> University of California - Los Angeles Los Angeles California.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-20" id="full-view-affiliation-20" ><sup class="key">20</sup> Dorenbecher Children's Hospital Portland Oregon.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-21" id="full-view-affiliation-21" ><sup class="key">21</sup> Department of Neurology Neuro NEXT Clinical Coordinating Center Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-22" id="full-view-affiliation-22" ><sup class="key">22</sup> National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Bethesda Maryland.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-23" id="full-view-affiliation-23" ><sup class="key">23</sup> Nemours Children's Hospital Orlando Florida.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-24" id="full-view-affiliation-24" ><sup class="key">24</sup> Sarepta Therapeutics Cambridge Massachusetts.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-25" id="full-view-affiliation-25" ><sup class="key">25</sup> Department of Neurology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-26" id="full-view-affiliation-26" ><sup class="key">26</sup> Department of Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-27" id="full-view-affiliation-27" ><sup class="key">27</sup> Pharm Optima Portage Michigan.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-28" id="full-view-affiliation-28" ><sup class="key">28</sup> Department of Molecular Pathology Ohio State Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio.</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <ul class="identifiers" id="full-view-identifiers"> <li> <span class="identifier pubmed"> <span class="id-label"> PMID: </span> <strong class="current-id" title="PubMed ID">26900585</strong> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier pmc"> <span class="id-label"> PMCID: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=PMC4748311&id_type=PMC" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4748311/" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="PMCID" > PMC4748311 </a> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier doi"> <span class="id-label"> DOI: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=10.1002/acn3.283&id_type=DOI" href="https://doi.org/10.1002/acn3.283" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="DOI" > 10.1002/acn3.283 </a> </span> </li> </ul> <div class="in-clipboard-label " hidden> Item in Clipboard </div> </div> <div class="short-view" id="short-view-heading"> <h1 class="heading-title"> Baseline results of the NeuroNEXT spinal muscular atrophy infant biomarker study </h1> <div class="short-citation"> <span class="authors-list"> <span class="authors-list-item "><span class="full-name">Stephen J Kolb</span><span class="citation-separator"> et al.</span></span> </span> <span class="citation-journal"> Ann Clin Transl Neurol<span class="citation-separator">.</span> </span> <span class="date"> <time class="citation-year" datetime="2016">2016</time><span class="citation-separator">.</span> </span> </div> <div class="more-article-details-section with-display-settings"> <button class="more-article-details" id="toggle-article-details" data-alt-text="Hide details" ref="linksrc=toggle_article_details" aria-controls="full-article-details" aria-expanded="false" data-fetch-url="/26900585/long-authors/" data-id-prefix=""> <span class="title">Show details</span> </button> <div class="display-options" data-format-key="format" data-default-format-value="abstract" data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region"> <button class="trigger usa-button" title="Change format" data-ga-category="display_options" data-ga-action="display_options_dialog"> <span class="button-label">Display options</span> </button> <div class="dropdown" hidden> <div class="title"> Display options </div> <div class="content"> <div class="format-container"> <span class="option-label"> Format </span> <select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="mobile-display-format"> <option value="abstract">Abstract</option> <option value="pubmed">PubMed</option> <option value="pmid">PMID</option> </select> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="extended-article-details" id="full-article-details" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="article-citation"> <div class="article-source"> <div class="journal-actions dropdown-block"><button id="short-view-journal-trigger" class="journal-actions-trigger trigger" ref="linksrc=journal_actions_btn" title="Annals of clinical and translational neurology" tabindex="0" aria-controls="short-view-journal" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for journal Annals of clinical and translational neurology" data-pinger-ignore> Ann Clin Transl Neurol </button><div id="short-view-journal" class="journal-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for journal Annals of clinical and translational neurology"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="journal-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Ann+Clin+Transl+Neurol%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Ann+Clin+Transl+Neurol%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_journal_name_link&journal_abbrev=Ann Clin Transl Neurol" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="journal_link" data-ga-label="Ann Clin Transl Neurol"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-nlm-catalog-link dropdown-block-link" ref ="linksrc=search_in_nlm_catalog_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Ann+Clin+Transl+Neurol%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D" data-ga-category="search_catalog" data-ga-action="journal_link" data-ga-label="Ann Clin Transl Neurol"> Search in NLM Catalog </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref ="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term='"Ann Clin Transl Neurol"[jour]' data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label='"Ann Clin Transl Neurol"[jour]' href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div><span class="period">. </span><span class="cit">2016 Jan 21;3(2):132-45.</span> </div> <span class="citation-doi"> doi: 10.1002/acn3.283. </span> <span class="secondary-date"> eCollection 2016 Feb. </span> </div> <div class="expanded-authors" id="short-view-expanded-authors"> <div class="authors"> <h3 class="title"> Authors </h3> <div class="authors-list"> <span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Kolb+SJ&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Stephen J Kolb">Stephen J Kolb</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Neurology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio; Department of Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio." href="#short-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Coffey+CS&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Christopher S Coffey">Christopher S Coffey</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Biostatistics Neuro NEXT Data Coordinating Center University of Iowa Iowa City Iowa." href="#short-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Yankey+JW&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Jon W Yankey">Jon W Yankey</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Biostatistics Neuro NEXT Data Coordinating Center University of Iowa Iowa City Iowa." href="#short-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Krosschell+K&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Kristin Krosschell">Kristin Krosschell</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Departments of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences and Pediatrics Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago Illinois." href="#short-view-affiliation-3" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 3 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Arnold+WD&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="W David Arnold">W David Arnold</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Neurology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio." href="#short-view-affiliation-4" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 4 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Rutkove+SB&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Seward B Rutkove">Seward B Rutkove</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston Massachusetts." href="#short-view-affiliation-5" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 5 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Swoboda+KJ&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Kathryn J Swoboda">Kathryn J Swoboda</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah; Department of Neurology Neuro NEXT Clinical Coordinating Center Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts." href="#short-view-affiliation-6" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 6 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Reyna+SP&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Sandra P Reyna">Sandra P Reyna</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah; Department of Neurology Neuro NEXT Clinical Coordinating Center Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts." href="#short-view-affiliation-6" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 6 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Sakonju+A&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Ai Sakonju">Ai Sakonju</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah." href="#short-view-affiliation-7" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 7 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Darras+BT&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Basil T Darras">Basil T Darras</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Neurology Boston Children's Hospital Boston Massachusetts." href="#short-view-affiliation-8" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 8 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Shell+R&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Richard Shell">Richard Shell</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Nationwide Children's Hospital Columbus Ohio." href="#short-view-affiliation-9" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 9 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Kuntz+N&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Nancy Kuntz">Nancy Kuntz</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago Chicago Illinois." href="#short-view-affiliation-10" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 10 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Castro+D&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Diana Castro">Diana Castro</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas." href="#short-view-affiliation-11" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 11 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Iannaccone+ST&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Susan T Iannaccone">Susan T Iannaccone</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas." href="#short-view-affiliation-11" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 11 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Parsons+J&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Julie Parsons">Julie Parsons</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado." href="#short-view-affiliation-12" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 12 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Connolly+AM&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Anne M Connolly">Anne M Connolly</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis St. Louis Missouri." href="#short-view-affiliation-13" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 13 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Chiriboga+CA&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Claudia A Chiriboga">Claudia A Chiriboga</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Neurology Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons New York New York." href="#short-view-affiliation-14" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 14 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=McDonald+C&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Craig McDonald">Craig McDonald</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="University of California - Davis Davis California." href="#short-view-affiliation-15" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 15 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Burnette+WB&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="W Bryan Burnette">W Bryan Burnette</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee." href="#short-view-affiliation-16" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 16 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Werner+K&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Klaus Werner">Klaus Werner</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="SUNY Upstate Medical Center Syracuse New York." href="#short-view-affiliation-17" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 17 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Thangarajh+M&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Mathula Thangarajh">Mathula Thangarajh</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Children's National Medical Center Washington District of Columbia." href="#short-view-affiliation-18" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 18 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Shieh+PB&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Perry B Shieh">Perry B Shieh</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="University of California - Los Angeles Los Angeles California." href="#short-view-affiliation-19" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 19 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Finanger+E&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Erika Finanger">Erika Finanger</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Dorenbecher Children's Hospital Portland Oregon." href="#short-view-affiliation-20" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 20 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Cudkowicz+ME&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Merit E Cudkowicz">Merit E Cudkowicz</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Neurology Neuro NEXT Clinical Coordinating Center Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts." href="#short-view-affiliation-21" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 21 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=McGovern+MM&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Michelle M McGovern">Michelle M McGovern</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Neurology Neuro NEXT Clinical Coordinating Center Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts." href="#short-view-affiliation-21" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 21 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=McNeil+DE&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="D Elizabeth McNeil">D Elizabeth McNeil</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Bethesda Maryland." href="#short-view-affiliation-22" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 22 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Finkel+R&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Richard Finkel">Richard Finkel</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Nemours Children's Hospital Orlando Florida." href="#short-view-affiliation-23" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 23 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Kaye+E&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Edward Kaye">Edward Kaye</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Sarepta Therapeutics Cambridge Massachusetts." href="#short-view-affiliation-24" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 24 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Kingsley+A&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Allison Kingsley">Allison Kingsley</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Neurology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio." href="#short-view-affiliation-25" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 25 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Renusch+SR&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Samantha R Renusch">Samantha R Renusch</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio." href="#short-view-affiliation-26" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 26 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=McGovern+VL&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Vicki L McGovern">Vicki L McGovern</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio." href="#short-view-affiliation-26" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 26 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Wang+X&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Xueqian Wang">Xueqian Wang</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio." href="#short-view-affiliation-26" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 26 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Zaworski+PG&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Phillip G Zaworski">Phillip G Zaworski</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Pharm Optima Portage Michigan." href="#short-view-affiliation-27" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 27 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Prior+TW&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Thomas W Prior">Thomas W Prior</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Molecular Pathology Ohio State Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio." href="#short-view-affiliation-28" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 28 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Burghes+AH&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Arthur H M Burghes">Arthur H M Burghes</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio." href="#short-view-affiliation-26" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 26 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Bartlett+A&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Amy Bartlett">Amy Bartlett</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Neurology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio." href="#short-view-affiliation-25" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 25 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Kissel+JT&cauthor_id=26900585" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="John T Kissel">John T Kissel</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Neurology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio." href="#short-view-affiliation-25" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 25 </a></sup><span class="semicolon">; </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=NeuroNEXT+Clinical+Trial+Network+and+on+behalf+of+the+NN101+SMA+Biomarker+Investigators%5BCorporate+Author%5D" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="NeuroNEXT Clinical Trial Network and on behalf of the NN101 SMA Biomarker Investigators">NeuroNEXT Clinical Trial Network and on behalf of the NN101 SMA Biomarker Investigators</a></span> </div> </div> <div class="affiliations"> <h3 class="title"> Affiliations </h3> <ul class="item-list"> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-1" id="short-view-affiliation-1" ><sup class="key">1</sup> Department of Neurology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio; Department of Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-2" id="short-view-affiliation-2" ><sup class="key">2</sup> Department of Biostatistics Neuro NEXT Data Coordinating Center University of Iowa Iowa City Iowa.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-3" id="short-view-affiliation-3" ><sup class="key">3</sup> Departments of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences and Pediatrics Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago Illinois.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-4" id="short-view-affiliation-4" ><sup class="key">4</sup> Department of Neurology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-5" id="short-view-affiliation-5" ><sup class="key">5</sup> Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston Massachusetts.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-6" id="short-view-affiliation-6" ><sup class="key">6</sup> Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah; Department of Neurology Neuro NEXT Clinical Coordinating Center Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-7" id="short-view-affiliation-7" ><sup class="key">7</sup> Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-8" id="short-view-affiliation-8" ><sup class="key">8</sup> Department of Neurology Boston Children's Hospital Boston Massachusetts.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-9" id="short-view-affiliation-9" ><sup class="key">9</sup> Nationwide Children's Hospital Columbus Ohio.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-10" id="short-view-affiliation-10" ><sup class="key">10</sup> Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago Chicago Illinois.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-11" id="short-view-affiliation-11" ><sup class="key">11</sup> UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-12" id="short-view-affiliation-12" ><sup class="key">12</sup> Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-13" id="short-view-affiliation-13" ><sup class="key">13</sup> Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis St. Louis Missouri.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-14" id="short-view-affiliation-14" ><sup class="key">14</sup> Department of Neurology Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons New York New York.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-15" id="short-view-affiliation-15" ><sup class="key">15</sup> University of California - Davis Davis California.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-16" id="short-view-affiliation-16" ><sup class="key">16</sup> Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-17" id="short-view-affiliation-17" ><sup class="key">17</sup> SUNY Upstate Medical Center Syracuse New York.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-18" id="short-view-affiliation-18" ><sup class="key">18</sup> Children's National Medical Center Washington District of Columbia.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-19" id="short-view-affiliation-19" ><sup class="key">19</sup> University of California - Los Angeles Los Angeles California.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-20" id="short-view-affiliation-20" ><sup class="key">20</sup> Dorenbecher Children's Hospital Portland Oregon.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-21" id="short-view-affiliation-21" ><sup class="key">21</sup> Department of Neurology Neuro NEXT Clinical Coordinating Center Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-22" id="short-view-affiliation-22" ><sup class="key">22</sup> National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Bethesda Maryland.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-23" id="short-view-affiliation-23" ><sup class="key">23</sup> Nemours Children's Hospital Orlando Florida.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-24" id="short-view-affiliation-24" ><sup class="key">24</sup> Sarepta Therapeutics Cambridge Massachusetts.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-25" id="short-view-affiliation-25" ><sup class="key">25</sup> Department of Neurology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-26" id="short-view-affiliation-26" ><sup class="key">26</sup> Department of Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-27" id="short-view-affiliation-27" ><sup class="key">27</sup> Pharm Optima Portage Michigan.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-28" id="short-view-affiliation-28" ><sup class="key">28</sup> Department of Molecular Pathology Ohio State Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio.</li> </ul> </div> </div> <ul class="identifiers" id="short-view-identifiers"> <li> <span class="identifier pubmed"> <span class="id-label"> PMID: </span> <strong class="current-id" title="PubMed ID">26900585</strong> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier pmc"> <span class="id-label"> PMCID: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=PMC4748311&id_type=PMC" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4748311/" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="PMCID" > PMC4748311 </a> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier doi"> <span class="id-label"> DOI: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=10.1002/acn3.283&id_type=DOI" href="https://doi.org/10.1002/acn3.283" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="DOI" > 10.1002/acn3.283 </a> </span> </li> </ul> <div class="in-clipboard-label " hidden> Item in Clipboard </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="actions-buttons inline"><div class="inner-wrap"><button class="full-text-links-button full-text-links-dialog-trigger" title="Open dialog with full text links" ref="linksrc=full_text_links"> Full text links </button><button class="citation-button citation-dialog-trigger" aria-label="Open dialog with citation text in different styles" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="cite" data-ga-label="open" data-all-citations-url="/26900585/citations/" data-citation-style="nlm" data-pubmed-format-link="/26900585/export/"><span class="button-label">Cite</span></button><button class="more-actions-button more-actions-dialog-trigger" title="Open dialog with more actions to take" ref="linksrc=more_actions_btn"></button><div class="display-options" data-format-key="format" data-default-format-value="abstract" data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region"><button class="trigger usa-button" title="Change format" data-ga-category="display_options" data-ga-action="display_options_dialog"><span class="button-label">Display options</span></button><div class="dropdown" hidden><div class="title"> Display options </div><div class="content"><div class="format-container"><span class="option-label"> Format </span><select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="inline-actions-display-format"><option value="abstract">Abstract</option><option value="pubmed">PubMed</option><option value="pmid">PMID</option></select></div></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="abstract" id="abstract"> <h2 class="title"> Abstract </h2> <div class="abstract-content selected" id="eng-abstract"> <p> <strong class="sub-title"> Objective: </strong> This study prospectively assessed putative promising biomarkers for use in assessing infants with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). </p> <p> <strong class="sub-title"> Methods: </strong> This prospective, multi-center natural history study targeted the enrollment of SMA infants and healthy control infants less than 6 months of age. Recruitment occurred at 14 centers within the NINDS National Network for Excellence in Neuroscience Clinical Trials (NeuroNEXT) Network. Infant motor function scales and putative electrophysiological, protein and molecular biomarkers were assessed at baseline and subsequent visits. </p> <p> <strong class="sub-title"> Results: </strong> Enrollment began November, 2012 and ended September, 2014 with 26 SMA infants and 27 healthy infants enrolled. Baseline demographic characteristics of the SMA and control infant cohorts aligned well. Motor function as assessed by the Test for Infant Motor Performance Items (TIMPSI) and the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Infant Test of Neuromuscular Disorders (CHOP-INTEND) revealed significant differences between the SMA and control infants at baseline. Ulnar compound muscle action potential amplitude (CMAP) in SMA infants (1.4 ± 2.2 mV) was significantly reduced compared to controls (5.5 ± 2.0 mV). Electrical impedance myography (EIM) high-frequency reactance slope (Ohms/MHz) was significantly higher in SMA infants than controls SMA infants had lower survival motor neuron (SMN) mRNA levels in blood than controls, and several serum protein analytes were altered between cohorts. </p> <p> <strong class="sub-title"> Interpretation: </strong> By the time infants were recruited and presented for the baseline visit, SMA infants had reduced motor function compared to controls. Ulnar CMAP, EIM, blood SMN mRNA levels, and serum protein analytes were able to distinguish between cohorts at the enrollment visit. </p> </div> </div> <p class="disclaimer" id="disclaimer"> <a href="/disclaimer/" target="_blank" ga_category="literature_resources" ga_action="disclaimer_link" ga_label="under_abstract">PubMed Disclaimer</a> </p> <div class="figures" id="figures"> <h2 class="title"> Figures </h2> <div class="figures-list" id="slides-container" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageGallery"> <figure class="figure-item " itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="0" data-label-slug="figure-1"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0dcb/4748311/c0af2972bc7c/ACN3-3-132-g001.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-0" role="button" data-image-width="709" data-image-height="932" data-image-alt="Figure 1" data-pmc-id="PMC4748311" data-figure-id="acn3283-fig-0001"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-0" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0dcb/4748311/d4c0c815abc8/ACN3-3-132-g001.gif" alt="Figure 1" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="709"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="932"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 1 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Motor function assessments in <styled-content style="fixed-case"> SMA… </styled-content> </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 1 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Motor function assessments in <styled-content style="fixed-case"> SMA </styled-content> and healthy infants in the first 6 months… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-0" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 1 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Motor function assessments in <styled-content style="fixed-case">SMA</styled-content> and healthy infants in the first 6 months of life. (A) Motor function testing paradigm. All infants were tested using the <styled-content style="fixed-case">TIMPSI</styled-content>. After the <styled-content style="fixed-case">TIMPSI</styled-content>, a mandatory rest period of 20 minutes was followed by either the <styled-content style="fixed-case">CHOP</styled-content>‐<styled-content style="fixed-case">INTEND</styled-content> or <styled-content style="fixed-case">AIMS</styled-content> assessment. Infants who scored less than 41 on the <styled-content style="fixed-case">TIMPSI</styled-content> were tested using the <styled-content style="fixed-case">CHOP</styled-content>‐<styled-content style="fixed-case">INTEND</styled-content>, otherwise the infant was tested using the <styled-content style="fixed-case">AIMS</styled-content> test. (B) Results of infant motor function tests for all infants as a function of the age at the time of enrollment visit. For the <styled-content style="fixed-case">SMA</styled-content> cohort, the <i><styled-content style="fixed-case">SMN</styled-content>2</i> copy number for each infant is indicated by the color as indicated in the key by each graph. For the healthy cohort the <i><styled-content style="fixed-case">SMN</styled-content>1</i> copy number for each infant is indicated by the color as indicated in the key by each graph.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item " itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="1" data-label-slug="figure-2"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0dcb/4748311/3a032e5590d9/ACN3-3-132-g002.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-1" role="button" data-image-width="709" data-image-height="299" data-image-alt="Figure 2" data-pmc-id="PMC4748311" data-figure-id="acn3283-fig-0002"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-1" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0dcb/4748311/477c85594f2b/ACN3-3-132-g002.gif" alt="Figure 2" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="709"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="299"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 2 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Ulnar compound muscle action potential… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 2 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Ulnar compound muscle action potential is significantly reduced in <styled-content style="fixed-case"> SMA </styled-content> infants compared to… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-1" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 2 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Ulnar compound muscle action potential is significantly reduced in <styled-content style="fixed-case">SMA</styled-content> infants compared to healthy infants. Ulnar <styled-content style="fixed-case">CMAP</styled-content> peak amplitude (<styled-content style="fixed-case">mV</styled-content>) in <styled-content style="fixed-case">SMA</styled-content> and healthy control infants as a function of the age at the time of enrollment visit. For the <styled-content style="fixed-case">SMA</styled-content> cohort, the <i><styled-content style="fixed-case">SMN</styled-content>2</i> copy number for each infant is indicated by the color as indicated in the key by each graph. For the healthy cohort, the <i><styled-content style="fixed-case">SMN</styled-content>1</i> copy number for each infant is indicated by the color as indicated in the key by each graph.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item " itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="2" data-label-slug="figure-3"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0dcb/4748311/572859fc1e41/ACN3-3-132-g003.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-2" role="button" data-image-width="709" data-image-height="700" data-image-alt="Figure 3" data-pmc-id="PMC4748311" data-figure-id="acn3283-fig-0003"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-2" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0dcb/4748311/d8f5a02b06a0/ACN3-3-132-g003.gif" alt="Figure 3" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="709"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="700"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 3 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Peripheral blood <styled-content style="fixed-case"> SMN mRNA </styled-content> and… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 3 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Peripheral blood <styled-content style="fixed-case"> SMN mRNA </styled-content> and protein levels in <styled-content style="fixed-case"> SMA </styled-content> and healthy control infants.… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-2" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 3 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Peripheral blood <styled-content style="fixed-case">SMN mRNA</styled-content> and protein levels in <styled-content style="fixed-case">SMA</styled-content> and healthy control infants. (A) Full‐length <styled-content style="fixed-case">SMN mRNA</styled-content> levels from whole blood measured using dd<styled-content style="fixed-case">PCR</styled-content> expressed as a ratio of <styled-content style="fixed-case">SMN</styled-content> to <styled-content style="fixed-case">HPRT</styled-content>. (B) <styled-content style="fixed-case">SMN</styled-content> protein levels detected in <styled-content style="fixed-case">PBMC</styled-content>s measured by <styled-content style="fixed-case">SMN</styled-content>‐<styled-content style="fixed-case">ECL ELISA</styled-content> expressed as pg/10<sup>7</sup> cells. For the <styled-content style="fixed-case">SMA</styled-content> cohort, the <i><styled-content style="fixed-case">SMN</styled-content>2</i> copy number for each infant is indicated by the color as indicated in the key by each graph. For the healthy cohort, the <i><styled-content style="fixed-case">SMN</styled-content>1</i> copy number for each infant is indicated by the color as indicated in the key by each graph.</div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <!-- Root element of PhotoSwipe. Must have class pswp. --> <div class="pswp figures-dialog" id="figures-dialog" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-hidden="true" data-image-gallery-uid="article-figures" aria-label="Figures Dialog"> <!-- Background of PhotoSwipe. It's a separate element as animating opacity is faster than rgba(). --> <div class="pswp__bg"></div> <!-- Slides wrapper with overflow:hidden. --> <div class="pswp__scroll-wrap"> <!-- Container that holds slides. PhotoSwipe keeps only 3 of them in the DOM to save memory. Don't modify these 3 pswp__item elements, data is added later on. --> <div class="pswp__container"> <div class="pswp__item"></div> <div class="pswp__item"></div> <div class="pswp__item"></div> </div> <!-- Default (PhotoSwipeUI_Default) interface on top of sliding area. Can be changed. --> <div class="pswp__ui pswp__ui--hidden"> <div class="pswp__top-bar"> <!-- Controls are self-explanatory. Order can be changed. --> <div class="pswp__counter"></div> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--close" title="Close (Esc)"></button> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--share" title="Share"></button> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--fs" title="Toggle fullscreen"></button> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--zoom" title="Zoom in/out"></button> <!-- Preloader demo http://codepen.io/dimsemenov/pen/yyBWoR --> <!-- element will get class pswp__preloader--active when preloader is running --> <div class="pswp__preloader"> <div class="pswp__preloader__icn"> <div class="pswp__preloader__cut"> <div class="pswp__preloader__donut"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pswp__share-modal pswp__share-modal--hidden pswp__single-tap"> <div class="pswp__share-tooltip"></div> </div> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--arrow--left" title="Previous (arrow left)"> </button> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--arrow--right" title="Next (arrow right)"> </button> <div class="pswp__caption"> <div class="pswp__caption__center"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-dialog-caption"> <div class="figure-caption-link-container"> <a class="figure-caption-link" href="#">See this image and copyright information in PMC</a> </div> <div class="figure-caption-center" data-expand-title="click to show full caption" data-collapse-title="click to hide full caption"> </div> <button class="figure-caption-toggle-btn" aria-label="show full caption" data-expand-text="show full caption" data-collapse-text="hide full caption"> <!-- Dynamic text --> </button> </div> </div> <div class="similar-articles" id="similar"> <h2 class="title"> Similar articles </h2> <ul class="articles-list" id="similar-articles-list"> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/29149772/" ref="article_id=29149772&linksrc=similar_articles_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="similar_article" data-ga-action="29149772" data-ga-label=""> Natural history of infantile-onset spinal muscular atrophy. </a> <div class="docsum-citation full-citation"> <span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Kolb SJ, Coffey CS, Yankey JW, Krosschell K, Arnold WD, Rutkove SB, Swoboda KJ, Reyna SP, Sakonju A, Darras BT, Shell R, Kuntz N, Castro D, Parsons J, Connolly AM, Chiriboga CA, McDonald C, Burnette WB, Werner K, Thangarajh M, Shieh PB, Finanger E, Cudkowicz ME, McGovern MM, McNeil DE, Finkel R, Iannaccone ST, Kaye E, Kingsley A, Renusch SR, McGovern VL, Wang X, Zaworski PG, Prior TW, Burghes AHM, Bartlett A, Kissel JT; NeuroNEXT Clinical Trial Network on behalf of the NN101 SMA Biomarker Investigators.</span> <span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Kolb SJ, et al.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Ann Neurol. 2017 Dec;82(6):883-891. doi: 10.1002/ana.25101. Epub 2017 Dec 8.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Ann Neurol. 2017.</span> <span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">29149772</span></span> <span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/30223401/" ref="article_id=30223401&linksrc=similar_articles_link&ordinalpos=2" data-ga-category="similar_article" data-ga-action="30223401" data-ga-label=""> Motor Function Test Reliability During the NeuroNEXT Spinal Muscular Atrophy Infant Biomarker Study. </a> <div class="docsum-citation full-citation"> <span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Krosschell KJ, Bosch M, Nelson L, Duong T, Lowes LP, Alfano LN, Benjamin D, Carry TB, Devine G, Kelley C, Gadekan R, Malkus EC, Pasternak A, Provance-Orr S, Roemeiser-Logan L, Nicorici A, Trussell D, Young SD, Fetterman JR, Montes J, Powers PJ, Quinones R, Quigley J, Coffey CS, Yankey JW, Bartlett A, Kissel JT, Kolb SJ; NeuroNEXT Clinical Trial Network and on behalf of the NN101 SMA Biomarker Investigators.</span> <span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Krosschell KJ, et al.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">J Neuromuscul Dis. 2018;5(4):509-521. doi: 10.3233/JND-180327.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">J Neuromuscul Dis. 2018.</span> <span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">30223401</span></span> <span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/34320287/" ref="article_id=34320287&linksrc=similar_articles_link&ordinalpos=3" data-ga-category="similar_article" data-ga-action="34320287" data-ga-label=""> Risdiplam-Treated Infants with Type 1 Spinal Muscular Atrophy versus Historical Controls. </a> <div class="docsum-citation full-citation"> <span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Darras BT, Masson R, Mazurkiewicz-Bełdzińska M, Rose K, Xiong H, Zanoteli E, Baranello G, Bruno C, Vlodavets D, Wang Y, El-Khairi M, Gerber M, Gorni K, Khwaja O, Kletzl H, Scalco RS, Fontoura P, Servais L; FIREFISH Working Group.</span> <span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Darras BT, et al.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">N Engl J Med. 2021 Jul 29;385(5):427-435. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2102047.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">N Engl J Med. 2021.</span> <span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">34320287</span></span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/32248834/" ref="article_id=32248834&linksrc=similar_articles_link&ordinalpos=4" data-ga-category="similar_article" data-ga-action="32248834" data-ga-label=""> Longitudinal natural history of type I spinal muscular atrophy: a critical review. </a> <div class="docsum-citation full-citation"> <span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Mercuri E, Lucibello S, Perulli M, Coratti G, de Sanctis R, Pera MC, Pane M, Montes J, de Vivo DC, Darras BT, Kolb SJ, Finkel RS.</span> <span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Mercuri E, et al.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2020 Apr 5;15(1):84. doi: 10.1186/s13023-020-01356-1.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2020.</span> <span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">32248834</span></span> <span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span> <span class="publication-type spaced-citation-item citation-part">Review.</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/27894243/" ref="article_id=27894243&linksrc=similar_articles_link&ordinalpos=5" data-ga-category="similar_article" data-ga-action="27894243" data-ga-label=""> Spinal Muscular Atrophy: More than a Disease of Motor Neurons? </a> <div class="docsum-citation full-citation"> <span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Nash LA, Burns JK, Chardon JW, Kothary R, Parks RJ.</span> <span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Nash LA, et al.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Curr Mol Med. 2016;16(9):779-792. doi: 10.2174/1566524016666161128113338.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Curr Mol Med. 2016.</span> <span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">27894243</span></span> <span class="publication-type spaced-citation-item citation-part">Review.</span> </div> </div> </li> </ul> <div class="actions-bar"> <a class="show-all-linked-articles" data-href="/?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=26900585" data-ga-category="similar_article" data-ga-action="show_all" > See all similar articles </a> </div> </div> <div class="citedby-articles" id="citedby"> <h2 class="title"> Cited by </h2> <ul class="articles-list" id="citedby-articles-list"> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/39286802/" ref="article_id=39286802&linksrc=citedby_articles_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="cited_by" data-ga-action="39286802" data-ga-label=""> Association among biomarkers, phenotypes, and motor milestones in Chinese patients with 5q spinal muscular atrophy types 1-3. </a> <div class="docsum-citation full-citation"> <span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Ouyang S, Peng X, Huang W, Bai J, Wang H, Jin Y, Jiao H, Wei M, Ge X, Song F, Qu Y.</span> <span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Ouyang S, et al.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Front Neurol. 2024 Sep 2;15:1382410. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1382410. eCollection 2024.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Front Neurol. 2024.</span> <span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">39286802</span></span> <span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/39197472/" ref="article_id=39197472&linksrc=citedby_articles_link&ordinalpos=2" data-ga-category="cited_by" data-ga-action="39197472" data-ga-label=""> Machine learning-enhanced electrical impedance myography to diagnose and track spinal muscular atrophy progression. </a> <div class="docsum-citation full-citation"> <span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Sonbas Cobb B, Kolb SJ, Rutkove SB.</span> <span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Sonbas Cobb B, et al.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Physiol Meas. 2024 Sep 6;45(9):10.1088/1361-6579/ad74d5. doi: 10.1088/1361-6579/ad74d5.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Physiol Meas. 2024.</span> <span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">39197472</span></span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/38326894/" ref="article_id=38326894&linksrc=citedby_articles_link&ordinalpos=3" data-ga-category="cited_by" data-ga-action="38326894" data-ga-label=""> Real-world evidence for coverage determination of treatments for rare diseases. </a> <div class="docsum-citation full-citation"> <span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Dayer VW, Drummond MF, Dabbous O, Toumi M, Neumann P, Tunis S, Teich N, Saleh S, Persson U, von der Schulenburg JG, Malone DC, Salimullah T, Sullivan SD.</span> <span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Dayer VW, et al.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2024 Feb 7;19(1):47. doi: 10.1186/s13023-024-03041-z.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2024.</span> <span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">38326894</span></span> <span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/38020652/" ref="article_id=38020652&linksrc=citedby_articles_link&ordinalpos=4" data-ga-category="cited_by" data-ga-action="38020652" data-ga-label=""> Role of circulating biomarkers in spinal muscular atrophy: insights from a new treatment era. </a> <div class="docsum-citation full-citation"> <span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Giorgia Q, Gomez Garcia de la Banda M, Smeriglio P.</span> <span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Giorgia Q, et al.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Front Neurol. 2023 Nov 13;14:1226969. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1226969. eCollection 2023.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Front Neurol. 2023.</span> <span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">38020652</span></span> <span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span> <span class="publication-type spaced-citation-item citation-part">Review.</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/37980678/" ref="article_id=37980678&linksrc=citedby_articles_link&ordinalpos=5" data-ga-category="cited_by" data-ga-action="37980678" data-ga-label=""> Can the CHOP-INTEND be used as An Outcome Measure in the First Months of Age? Implications for Clinical Trials and Real World Data. </a> <div class="docsum-citation full-citation"> <span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Cutrona C, de Sanctis R, Coratti G, Capasso A, Ricci M, Stanca G, Carnicella S, Utlulig M, Bersani G, Lazzareschi I, Leoni C, Buonsenso D, Luciano R, Vento G, Finkel RS, Pane M, Mercuri E.</span> <span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Cutrona C, et al.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">J Neuromuscul Dis. 2024;11(1):85-90. doi: 10.3233/JND-221644.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">J Neuromuscul Dis. 2024.</span> <span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">37980678</span></span> <span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span> </div> </div> </li> </ul> <div class="actions-bar"> <a class="show-all-linked-articles" data-href="/?linkname=pubmed_pubmed_citedin&from_uid=26900585" data-ga-category="cited_by" data-ga-action="show_all" > See all "Cited by" articles </a> </div> </div> <div class="references" id="references"> <h2 class="title"> References </h2> <div id='top-references-list' class="references-lists-container"> <div class="refs-list"> <ol id="top-references-list-1" class="references-list"> <li> <ol class="references-and-notes-list"> <li class="skip-numbering" value="1"> Pearn JH. The gene frequency of acute Werdnig‐Hoffmann disease (SMA type 1). A total population survey in North‐East England. J Med Genet 1973;10:260–265. - <a class="reference-link" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1013030/" ref="linksrc=references_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="PMC1013030" > PMC </a> - <a class="reference-link" href="/4774536/" ref="linksrc=references_link&ordinalpos=2" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="4774536" > PubMed </a> </li> </ol> </li> <li> <ol class="references-and-notes-list"> <li class="skip-numbering" value="1"> Sugarman EA, Nagan N, Zhu H, et al. Pan‐ethnic carrier screening and prenatal diagnosis for spinal muscular atrophy: clinical laboratory analysis of >72,400 specimens. Eur J Hum Genet 2012;20:27–32. - <a class="reference-link" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3234503/" ref="linksrc=references_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="PMC3234503" > PMC </a> - <a class="reference-link" href="/21811307/" ref="linksrc=references_link&ordinalpos=2" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="21811307" > PubMed </a> </li> </ol> </li> <li> <ol class="references-and-notes-list"> <li class="skip-numbering" value="1"> Lefebvre S, Burlet P, Liu Q, et al. Correlation between severity and SMN protein level in spinal muscular atrophy. Nat Genet 1997;16:265–269. - <a class="reference-link" href="/9207792/" ref="linksrc=references_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="9207792" > PubMed </a> </li> </ol> </li> <li> <ol class="references-and-notes-list"> <li class="skip-numbering" value="1"> Coovert DD, Le TT, McAndrew PE, et al. The survival motor neuron protein in spinal muscular atrophy. Hum Mol Genet 1997;6:1205–1214. - <a class="reference-link" href="/9259265/" ref="linksrc=references_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="9259265" > PubMed </a> </li> </ol> </li> <li> <ol class="references-and-notes-list"> <li class="skip-numbering" value="1"> Lorson CL, Hahnen E, Androphy EJ, Wirth B. A single nucleotide in the SMN gene regulates splicing and is responsible for spinal muscular atrophy. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999;96:6307–6311. - <a class="reference-link" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC26877/" ref="linksrc=references_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="PMC26877" > PMC </a> - <a class="reference-link" href="/10339583/" ref="linksrc=references_link&ordinalpos=2" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="10339583" > PubMed </a> </li> </ol> </li> </ol> <div class="actions-bar"> <button class="show-all" ref="linksrc=show_all_references_link" aria-controls="top-references-list-1" data-next-page-url="/26900585/references/" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="show_more" > Show all 37 references </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="related-links" class="related-links"> <h2 class="title"> Related information </h2> <ul class="related-links-list"><li><a title="PubMed links associated with Books" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books?linkname=pubmed_books_refs&from_uid=26900585" ref="log$=recordlinks&logdbfrom=pubmed&ncbi_uid=26900585&ordinalpos=1&linkpos=1"> Cited in Books </a></li><li><a title="Related information in MedGen" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen?linkname=pubmed_medgen&from_uid=26900585" ref="log$=recordlinks&logdbfrom=pubmed&ncbi_uid=26900585&ordinalpos=1&linkpos=2"> MedGen </a></li></ul> </div> <div id="grants" class="grants"> <h2 class="title"> Grants and funding </h2> <div class="grants-list"><ul id="grants-head-list"><li class="grant-item"><a title="All articles for grant UL1 TR000445/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States" href="/?term=UL1+TR000445%2FTR%2FNCATS+NIH+HHS%2FUnited+States%5BGrants+and+Funding%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=grant_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="grant" data-ga-label="UL1 TR000445" > UL1 TR000445/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States </a></li><li class="grant-item"><a title="All articles for grant U10 NS077420/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States" href="/?term=U10+NS077420%2FNS%2FNINDS+NIH+HHS%2FUnited+States%5BGrants+and+Funding%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=grant_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="grant" data-ga-label="U10 NS077420" > U10 NS077420/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States </a></li><li class="grant-item"><a title="All articles for grant U01 NS077179/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States" href="/?term=U01+NS077179%2FNS%2FNINDS+NIH+HHS%2FUnited+States%5BGrants+and+Funding%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=grant_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="grant" data-ga-label="U01 NS077179" > U01 NS077179/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States </a></li><li class="grant-item"><a title="All articles for grant U10 NS077267/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States" href="/?term=U10+NS077267%2FNS%2FNINDS+NIH+HHS%2FUnited+States%5BGrants+and+Funding%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=grant_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="grant" data-ga-label="U10 NS077267" > U10 NS077267/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States </a></li><li class="grant-item"><a title="All articles for grant U54 HD087011/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States" href="/?term=U54+HD087011%2FHD%2FNICHD+NIH+HHS%2FUnited+States%5BGrants+and+Funding%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=grant_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="grant" data-ga-label="U54 HD087011" > U54 HD087011/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States </a></li></ul><ul id="grants-tail-list" class="list-tail"><li class="grant-item"><a title="All articles for grant U10 NS077382/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States" href="/?term=U10+NS077382%2FNS%2FNINDS+NIH+HHS%2FUnited+States%5BGrants+and+Funding%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=grant_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="grant" data-ga-label="U10 NS077382" > U10 NS077382/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States </a></li><li class="grant-item"><a title="All articles for grant K12 HD001097/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States" href="/?term=K12+HD001097%2FHD%2FNICHD+NIH+HHS%2FUnited+States%5BGrants+and+Funding%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=grant_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="grant" data-ga-label="K12 HD001097" > K12 HD001097/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States </a></li><li class="grant-item"><a title="All articles for grant U10 NS077269/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States" href="/?term=U10+NS077269%2FNS%2FNINDS+NIH+HHS%2FUnited+States%5BGrants+and+Funding%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=grant_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="grant" data-ga-label="U10 NS077269" > U10 NS077269/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States </a></li><li class="grant-item"><a title="All articles for grant K08 NS067282/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States" href="/?term=K08+NS067282%2FNS%2FNINDS+NIH+HHS%2FUnited+States%5BGrants+and+Funding%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=grant_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="grant" data-ga-label="K08 NS067282" > K08 NS067282/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States </a></li><li class="grant-item"><a title="All articles for grant U01 NS079163/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States" href="/?term=U01+NS079163%2FNS%2FNINDS+NIH+HHS%2FUnited+States%5BGrants+and+Funding%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=grant_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="grant" data-ga-label="U01 NS079163" > U01 NS079163/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States </a></li><li class="grant-item"><a title="All articles for grant U10 NS077260/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States" href="/?term=U10+NS077260%2FNS%2FNINDS+NIH+HHS%2FUnited+States%5BGrants+and+Funding%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=grant_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="grant" data-ga-label="U10 NS077260" > U10 NS077260/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States </a></li><li class="grant-item"><a title="All articles for grant U01 NS077352/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States" href="/?term=U01+NS077352%2FNS%2FNINDS+NIH+HHS%2FUnited+States%5BGrants+and+Funding%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=grant_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="grant" data-ga-label="U01 NS077352" > U01 NS077352/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States </a></li></ul></div><div class="actions-bar"><button class="show-all" ref="linksrc=show_all_grants_link" aria-controls="grants-tail-list" title="Show all grants" data-ga-category="grant" data-ga-action="show_more" > Show all 12 grants </button></div> </div> <div id="linkout" class="linkout"> <h2 class="title"> LinkOut - more resources </h2> <ul class="linkout-list"><li><h3 class="linkout-category">Full Text Sources</h3><ul class="linkout-category-links"><li><a href="https://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/26900585" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=linkout_link&PrId=6082&uid=26900585&db=pubmed&itool=Abstract&log$=linkoutlink&nlmid=101623278" data-ga-category="link_out" data-ga-action="Full Text Sources" data-ga-label="Europe PubMed Central" > Europe PubMed Central </a></li><li><a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmid/26900585/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=linkout_link&PrId=3494&uid=26900585&db=pubmed&itool=Abstract&log$=linkoutlink&nlmid=101623278" data-ga-category="link_out" data-ga-action="Full Text Sources" data-ga-label="PubMed Central" > PubMed Central </a></li><li><a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/acn3.283" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=linkout_link&PrId=3058&uid=26900585&db=pubmed&itool=Abstract&log$=linkoutlink&nlmid=101623278" data-ga-category="link_out" data-ga-action="Full Text Sources" data-ga-label="Wiley" > Wiley </a></li></ul></li><li><h3 class="linkout-category">Other Literature Sources</h3><ul class="linkout-category-links"><li><a href="https://www.lens.org/lens/search/patent/list?q=reference_cited.npl.ids.pmid:26900585" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=linkout_link&PrId=8681&uid=26900585&db=pubmed&itool=Abstract&log$=linkoutlink&nlmid=101623278" data-ga-category="link_out" data-ga-action="Other Literature Sources" data-ga-label="The Lens - Patent Citations Database" > The Lens - Patent Citations Database </a></li><li><a href="https://scite.ai/reports/26900585" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=linkout_link&PrId=10307&uid=26900585&db=pubmed&itool=Abstract&log$=linkoutlink&nlmid=101623278" data-ga-category="link_out" data-ga-action="Other Literature Sources" data-ga-label="scite Smart Citations" > scite Smart Citations </a></li></ul></li><li><h3 class="linkout-category">Research Materials</h3><ul class="linkout-category-links"><li><a href="https://antibodies.cancer.gov/detail/CPTC-DDIT3-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=linkout_link&PrId=8467&uid=26900585&db=pubmed&itool=Abstract&log$=linkoutlink&nlmid=101623278" data-ga-category="link_out" data-ga-action="Research Materials" data-ga-label="NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program" > NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program </a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> </main> <div class="overlay" role="dialog" aria-label="Full Text Links Dialog"> <div id="full-text-links-dialog" class="dialog full-text-links-dialog"> <strong class="title">Full text links</strong> <button class="close-overlay" tabindex="3">[x]</button> <div class="full-text-links-list"> <a class="link-item dialog-focus" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/acn3.283" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=fulltextorjournal_fulltext&is_pmc=False&PrId=3058&itool=Abstract-def&log$=linkouticon&uid=26900585&db=pubmed&nlmid=101623278" title="See full text options at Wiley" tabindex="1" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="Wiley" data-ga-label="26900585" ><img src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/query/egifs/http:--media.wiley.com-assets-7388-68-wiley-free-full-text.png" alt="full text provider logo"><span class="text"> Wiley </span></a><a class="link-item pmc " href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmid/26900585/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=fulltextorjournal_fulltext&is_pmc=True&PrId=3494&itool=Abstract-def&log$=linkouticon&uid=26900585&db=pubmed&nlmid=101623278" title="Free full text at PubMed Central" tabindex="2" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="PMC" data-ga-label="26900585" ><span class="text"> Free PMC article </span></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="overlay" role="dialog" aria-label="Citation Dialog"> <div class="dialog citation-dialog"> <button class="close-overlay" tabindex="1">[x]</button> <div class="title">Cite</div> <div class="citation-text-block"> <div class="citation-text"></div> <div class="citation-actions"> <button class="copy-button dialog-focus" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="cite" data-ga-label="copy" tabindex="2"> Copy </button> <form method="post"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="C5vmH6aQUwtWZiIGYtbKO7sqMRcVyZsXYXVUVb4CSqHzQJvNGmXC8Oc2BiCn9i8D"> <button type="submit" class="export-button" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="cite" data-ga-label="download" title="Download a file for external citation management software" tabindex="3"> <span class="download-title">Download .nbib</span> <span class="download-title-mobile">.nbib</span> </button> </form> <div class="citation-style-selector-wrapper"> <label class="selector-label">Format:</label> <select aria-label="Format" class="citation-style-selector" tabindex="4"> <option data-style-url-name="ama" value="AMA" > AMA </option> <option data-style-url-name="apa" value="APA" > APA </option> <option data-style-url-name="mla" value="MLA" > MLA </option> <option data-style-url-name="nlm" value="NLM" selected="selected"> NLM </option> </select> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="overlay" role="dialog" aria-label="More Actions Dialog"> <div id="more-actions-dialog" class="dialog more-actions-dialog"> <strong class="title">Send To</strong> <ul class="more-actions-links"> <li><a id="clipboard-trigger" role="button" class="submit-button clipboard-trigger clipboard-trigger-target dialog-focus link-item " href="#">Clipboard</a></li> <li><a class="email-trigger link-item" role="button" href="#">Email</a></li> <li><a class="save-trigger link-item" role="button" href="#">Save</a></li> <li><a class="link-item" role="button" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F26900585%2F%23open-bibliography-panel">My Bibliography</a></li> <li><a class="link-item" role="button" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F26900585%2F%23open-collections-panel">Collections</a></li> <li><a class="citation-manager-trigger link-item" role="button" href="#">Citation Manager</a></li> </ul> <button class="close-overlay">[x]</button> </div> </div> </div> <div id="ncbi-footer"> <div class="literature-footer" role="complementary" title="Links to NCBI Literature Resources"> <div class="usa-grid"> <p class="literature-footer-text">NCBI Literature Resources</p> <p class="literature-footer-text"> <a class="literature-footer-link" data-ga-category="literature_resources" data-ga-action="mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/">MeSH</a> <a class="literature-footer-link" data-ga-category="literature_resources" data-ga-action="pmc_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/">PMC</a> <a class="literature-footer-link" data-ga-category="literature_resources" data-ga-action="bookshelf_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books">Bookshelf</a> <a class="literature-footer-link" data-ga-category="literature_resources" data-ga-action="disclaimer_link" href="/disclaimer/">Disclaimer</a> </p> <p class="literature-footer-text attribution-statement">The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited.</p> </div> </div> <!-- ========== BEGIN FOOTER ========== --> <footer> <section class="icon-section"> <div id="icon-section-header" class="icon-section_header">Follow NCBI</div> <div class="grid-container container"> <div class="icon-section_container"> <a class="footer-icon" id="footer_twitter" href="https://twitter.com/ncbi" aria-label="Twitter"> <svg width="40" height="40" viewBox="0 0 40 37" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <title>Twitter</title> <g id="twitterx1008"> <path id="path1008" d="M6.06736 7L16.8778 20.8991L6.00001 32.2H10.2L18.6 23.1L25.668 32.2H34L22.8 17.5L31.9 7H28.4L20.7 15.4L14.401 7H6.06898H6.06736ZM9.66753 8.73423H12.9327L29.7327 30.4658H26.5697L9.66753 8.73423Z" fill="#5B616B"/> </g> </svg> </a> <a class="footer-icon" id="footer_facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/ncbi.nlm" aria-label="Facebook"><svg data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 300 300"> <title>Facebook</title> <path class="cls-11" d="M210.5,115.12H171.74V97.82c0-8.14,5.39-10,9.19-10h27.14V52l-39.32-.12c-35.66,0-42.42,26.68-42.42,43.77v19.48H99.09v36.32h27.24v109h45.41v-109h35Z"> </path> </svg></a> <a class="footer-icon" id="footer_linkedin" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/ncbinlm" aria-label="LinkedIn"><svg data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 300 300"> <title>LinkedIn</title> <path class="cls-11" d="M101.64,243.37H57.79v-114h43.85Zm-22-131.54h-.26c-13.25,0-21.82-10.36-21.82-21.76,0-11.65,8.84-21.15,22.33-21.15S101.7,78.72,102,90.38C102,101.77,93.4,111.83,79.63,111.83Zm100.93,52.61A17.54,17.54,0,0,0,163,182v61.39H119.18s.51-105.23,0-114H163v13a54.33,54.33,0,0,1,34.54-12.66c26,0,44.39,18.8,44.39,55.29v58.35H198.1V182A17.54,17.54,0,0,0,180.56,164.44Z"> </path> </svg></a> <a class="footer-icon" id="footer_github" href="https://github.com/ncbi" aria-label="GitHub"><svg data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 300 300"> <defs> <style> .cls-11, .cls-12 { fill: #737373; } .cls-11 { fill-rule: evenodd; } </style> </defs> <title>GitHub</title> <path class="cls-11" d="M151.36,47.28a105.76,105.76,0,0,0-33.43,206.1c5.28,1,7.22-2.3,7.22-5.09,0-2.52-.09-10.85-.14-19.69-29.42,6.4-35.63-12.48-35.63-12.48-4.81-12.22-11.74-15.47-11.74-15.47-9.59-6.56.73-6.43.73-6.43,10.61.75,16.21,10.9,16.21,10.9,9.43,16.17,24.73,11.49,30.77,8.79,1-6.83,3.69-11.5,6.71-14.14C108.57,197.1,83.88,188,83.88,147.51a40.92,40.92,0,0,1,10.9-28.39c-1.1-2.66-4.72-13.42,1-28,0,0,8.88-2.84,29.09,10.84a100.26,100.26,0,0,1,53,0C198,88.3,206.9,91.14,206.9,91.14c5.76,14.56,2.14,25.32,1,28a40.87,40.87,0,0,1,10.89,28.39c0,40.62-24.74,49.56-48.29,52.18,3.79,3.28,7.17,9.71,7.17,19.58,0,14.15-.12,25.54-.12,29,0,2.82,1.9,6.11,7.26,5.07A105.76,105.76,0,0,0,151.36,47.28Z"> </path> <path class="cls-12" d="M85.66,199.12c-.23.52-1.06.68-1.81.32s-1.2-1.06-.95-1.59,1.06-.69,1.82-.33,1.21,1.07.94,1.6Zm-1.3-1"> </path> <path class="cls-12" d="M90,203.89c-.51.47-1.49.25-2.16-.49a1.61,1.61,0,0,1-.31-2.19c.52-.47,1.47-.25,2.17.49s.82,1.72.3,2.19Zm-1-1.08"> </path> <path class="cls-12" d="M94.12,210c-.65.46-1.71,0-2.37-.91s-.64-2.07,0-2.52,1.7,0,2.36.89.65,2.08,0,2.54Zm0,0"></path> <path class="cls-12" d="M99.83,215.87c-.58.64-1.82.47-2.72-.41s-1.18-2.06-.6-2.7,1.83-.46,2.74.41,1.2,2.07.58,2.7Zm0,0"> </path> <path class="cls-12" d="M107.71,219.29c-.26.82-1.45,1.2-2.64.85s-2-1.34-1.74-2.17,1.44-1.23,2.65-.85,2,1.32,1.73,2.17Zm0,0"> </path> <path class="cls-12" d="M116.36,219.92c0,.87-1,1.59-2.24,1.61s-2.29-.68-2.3-1.54,1-1.59,2.26-1.61,2.28.67,2.28,1.54Zm0,0"> </path> <path class="cls-12" d="M124.42,218.55c.15.85-.73,1.72-2,1.95s-2.37-.3-2.52-1.14.73-1.75,2-2,2.37.29,2.53,1.16Zm0,0"></path> </svg></a> <a class="footer-icon" id="footer_blog" href="https://ncbiinsights.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" aria-label="Blog"> <svg id="Layer_1" data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 40 40"><defs><style>.cls-1{fill:#737373;}</style></defs><path class="cls-1" d="M14,30a4,4,0,1,1-4-4,4,4,0,0,1,4,4Zm11,3A19,19,0,0,0,7.05,15a1,1,0,0,0-1,1v3a1,1,0,0,0,.93,1A14,14,0,0,1,20,33.07,1,1,0,0,0,21,34h3a1,1,0,0,0,1-1Zm9,0A28,28,0,0,0,7,6,1,1,0,0,0,6,7v3a1,1,0,0,0,1,1A23,23,0,0,1,29,33a1,1,0,0,0,1,1h3A1,1,0,0,0,34,33Z"/></svg> </a> </div> </div> </section> <section class="container-fluid bg-primary"> <div class="container pt-5"> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-lg-3 col-12"> <p><a class="text-white" href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/socialmedia/index.html">Connect with NLM</a></p> <ul class="list-inline social_media"> <li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://twitter.com/NLM_NIH" aria-label="Twitter" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <svg width="35" height="35" viewBox="0 0 38 35" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <title>Twitter</title> <g id="twitterx1009" clip-path="url(#clip0_65276_3946)"> <path id="Vector" d="M17.5006 34.6565C26.9761 34.6565 34.6575 26.9751 34.6575 17.4996C34.6575 8.02416 26.9761 0.342773 17.5006 0.342773C8.02514 0.342773 0.34375 8.02416 0.34375 17.4996C0.34375 26.9751 8.02514 34.6565 17.5006 34.6565Z" fill="#205493" stroke="white" stroke-width="1.2" stroke-miterlimit="10"></path> <path id="path1009" d="M8.54811 8.5L16.2698 18.4279L8.50001 26.5H11.5L17.5 20L22.5486 26.5H28.5L20.5 16L27 8.5H24.5L19 14.5L14.5007 8.5H8.54927H8.54811ZM11.1197 9.73873H13.4519L25.4519 25.2613H23.1926L11.1197 9.73873Z" fill="white"></path> </g> <defs> <clipPath id="clip0_65276_3946"> <rect width="38" height="38" fill="white"></rect> </clipPath> </defs> </svg></a> </li> <li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/nationallibraryofmedicine" aria-label="Facebook" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"> <svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 249 249" style="enable-background:new 0 0 249 249;" xml:space="preserve"> <style type="text/css"> .st10 { fill: #FFFFFF; } .st110 { fill: none; stroke: #FFFFFF; stroke-width: 8; stroke-miterlimit: 10; } </style> <title>SM-Facebook</title> <g> <g> <path class="st10" d="M159,99.1h-24V88.4c0-5,3.3-6.2,5.7-6.2h16.8V60l-24.4-0.1c-22.1,0-26.2,16.5-26.2,27.1v12.1H90v22.5h16.9 v67.5H135v-67.5h21.7L159,99.1z"></path> </g> </g> <circle class="st110" cx="123.6" cy="123.2" r="108.2"></circle> </svg> </a></li> <li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/NLMNIH" aria-label="Youtube" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 249 249" style="enable-background:new 0 0 249 249;" xml:space="preserve"> <title>SM-Youtube</title> <style type="text/css"> .st4 { fill: none; stroke: #FFFFFF; stroke-width: 8; stroke-miterlimit: 10; } .st5 { fill: #FFFFFF; } </style> <circle class="st4" cx="124.2" cy="123.4" r="108.2"></circle> <g transform="translate(0,-952.36218)"> <path class="st5" d="M88.4,1037.4c-10.4,0-18.7,8.3-18.7,18.7v40.1c0,10.4,8.3,18.7,18.7,18.7h72.1c10.4,0,18.7-8.3,18.7-18.7 v-40.1c0-10.4-8.3-18.7-18.7-18.7H88.4z M115.2,1058.8l29.4,17.4l-29.4,17.4V1058.8z"></path> </g> </svg></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-lg-3 col-12"> <p class="address_footer text-white">National Library of Medicine<br> <a href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/8600+Rockville+Pike,+Bethesda,+MD+20894/@38.9959508,-77.101021,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x89b7c95e25765ddb:0x19156f88b27635b8!8m2!3d38.9959508!4d-77.0988323" class="text-white" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">8600 Rockville Pike<br> Bethesda, MD 20894</a></p> </div> <div class="col-lg-3 col-12 centered-lg"> <p><a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/web_policies.html" class="text-white">Web Policies</a><br> <a href="https://www.nih.gov/institutes-nih/nih-office-director/office-communications-public-liaison/freedom-information-act-office" class="text-white">FOIA</a><br> <a href="https://www.hhs.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy/index.html" class="text-white" id="vdp">HHS Vulnerability Disclosure</a></p> </div> <div class="col-lg-3 col-12 centered-lg"> <p><a class="supportLink text-white" href="https://support.nlm.nih.gov/">Help</a><br> <a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/accessibility.html" class="text-white">Accessibility</a><br> <a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/careers/careers.html" class="text-white">Careers</a></p> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-12 centered-lg"> <nav class="bottom-links"> <ul class="mt-3"> <li> <a class="text-white" href="//www.nlm.nih.gov/">NLM</a> </li> <li> <a class="text-white" href="https://www.nih.gov/">NIH</a> </li> <li> <a class="text-white" href="https://www.hhs.gov/">HHS</a> </li> <li> <a class="text-white" href="https://www.usa.gov/">USA.gov</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </section> </footer> <!-- ========== END FOOTER ========== --> <!-- javascript to inject NWDS meta tags. Note: value of nwds_version is updated by "npm version" command --> <script type="text/javascript"> var nwds_version = "1.2.3"; var meta_nwds_ver = document.createElement('meta'); meta_nwds_ver.name = 'ncbi_nwds_ver'; meta_nwds_ver.content = nwds_version; document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(meta_nwds_ver); var meta_nwds = document.createElement('meta'); meta_nwds.name = 'ncbi_nwds'; meta_nwds.content = 'yes'; document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(meta_nwds); var alertsUrl = "/core/alerts/alerts.js"; if (typeof ncbiBaseUrl !== 'undefined') { alertsUrl = ncbiBaseUrl + alertsUrl; } </script> </div> <!-- jQuery with plugins --> <script src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ed1a5a1f-b279-475e-88e3-75f261729818/CACHE/js/output.293fbf76aa18.js"></script> <!-- Project base scripts --> <script src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ed1a5a1f-b279-475e-88e3-75f261729818/CACHE/js/output.550e9c8906a2.js"></script> <script> ncbi.awesome.basePage.init({ userInfo: { isLoggedIn: false, username: "", loginUrl: "https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F26900585%2F", logoutUrl: "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/signout/?back_url=https%3A//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26900585/" }, baseUrl: 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov', noSessionCookieName: "pm-ns", searchIdCookieName: "pm-sid", adjNavSearchIdCookieName: "pm-adjnav-sid", searchFormSubmittedCookieName: "pm-sfs", isOnSearchPageCookieName: "pm-iosp", backToSearchCookieName: "pm-btsl", clinicalSeeAllCookieName: "pm-csa", jsCookieDomain: "pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov", userShareRequestFailed: "", noSharedSettings: "myncbi_no_shared_settings", noSharedAccount: "myncbi_no_shared_account" }); </script> <script type="module"> import dismissableNCBIAlert from "https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ed1a5a1f-b279-475e-88e3-75f261729818/core/dismissable-ncbi-alert.js"; jQuery.getScript("https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/core/alerts/alerts.js", function () { galert(['body > *:last-child']); dismissableNCBIAlert(); }).fail(function() { }); </script> <script defer type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/core/pinger/pinger.js"> </script> <script src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ed1a5a1f-b279-475e-88e3-75f261729818/CACHE/js/output.04d45d85d031.js"></script> <script> ncbi.awesome.articlePage.init({ baseSuggestionsUrl: "/suggestions/", mathJaxUrl: "https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ed1a5a1f-b279-475e-88e3-75f261729818/mathjax/unpacked/MathJax.js?config=MML_CHTML", clipboardAPIRoot: "/ajax/clipboard/", clipboardNextPageUrl: "/clipboard-next-page/", searchIdCookieName: "pm-sid", searchFormSubmittedCookieName: "pm-sfs", backToSearchCookieName: "pm-btsl", jsCookieDomain: "pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov", longTermPrefix: "longquery", adjNavURLPath: "/26900585/adj-nav/", adjNavSearchIdCookieName: "pm-adjnav-sid", articlePageUrl: "/26900585/", markJSUrl: "https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ed1a5a1f-b279-475e-88e3-75f261729818/mark.js/dist/jquery.mark.js", termHighlightColor: "", highlightedTokens: "", citeFormatPreferenceCookieName: "pm-cf" }); </script> </body> </html>