Wittelsbach, House of family

<!DOCTYPE html>       <html data-locale="en" lang="en" class="no-js"> <head prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns# fb: http://ogp.me/ns/fb# article: http://ogp.me/ns/article#"><script>window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];dataLayer.push({ "pf:selectedLanguage" : "English", "pf:licenseType" : "controlled", "pf:sitegenUUid" : "0", "pf:contentType" : "RESTRICTED", "pf:contentCategory" : "oxencycl-entry", "pf:associatedContentSets" : "all,oao_gao,ifp:all,ALL:staging,IFP:ALL:staging,no_auth,ifp:current-version,OAO:live", "pf:authorized" : "not-authorized", "pf:contentName" : "Wittelsbach, House of family", "pf:titleParentIdentifier" : "9781884446054", "pf:authenticationStatus" : "not-logged-in", "pf:chunkIdentifier" : "10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T091921", "pf:authAccountNumber" : "-" });</script><script type="text/javascript">function runOnDomLoaded(f) { if (!!document.domLoaded) { setTimeout(f, 0); } else { window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', f); } }</script><link as="script" rel="preconnect" href="//ajax.googleapis.com"/><link crossorigin="" as="script" rel="preconnect" href="//ajax.googleapis.com"/><link as="script" rel="dns-prefetch" href="//ajax.googleapis.com"/><link href="https://www.oxfordartonline.com/groveart/display/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.001.0001/oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921" rel="canonical"/> <title>Wittelsbach, House of family | Grove Art</title> <script type="text/x-mathjax-config"> if (MathJax.Hub.Browser.isMSIE) { window.onload = function () {MathJax.Hub.Queue(["Typeset",MathJax.Hub])} } MathJax.Hub.Config({ extensions: ["MMLorHTML.js"], jax: ["input/MathML","output/CommonHTML","output/NativeMML"], extensions: ["mml2jax.js","MathMenu.js","MathZoom.js"] }); hasMathjax = true; mathjaxComplete = false; MathJax.Hub.signal.Interest( function (message) { if ('End Process' == message[0]) { mathjaxComplete = true; } } ); </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mathjax@2/MathJax.js?config=default"></script> <meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type"/>  <meta content="https://www.oxfordartonline.com/groveart/display/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.001.0001/oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921" property="og:url"/> <meta content="Grove Art Online" property="og:site_name"/> <meta content="website" property="og:type"/> <meta content="Wittelsbach, House of family" property="og:title"/> <meta content=""Wittelsbach, House of family" published on by Oxford University Press." property="og:description"/> <meta content=""Wittelsbach, House of family" published on by Oxford University Press." name="description"/> <meta content="https://www.oxfordartonline.com/groveart/cover/default" property="og:image"/> <meta content="en_US" property="og:locale"/> <meta content="summary_large_image" name="twitter:card"/> <meta content="Wittelsbach, House of family" name="twitter:title"/> <meta content=""Wittelsbach, House of family" published on by Oxford University Press." name="twitter:description"/> <meta content="10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T091921" name="dc.identifier"/>  <meta content="IE=Edge" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"/> <meta content="width=device-width, minimum-scale=1.0, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"/> <meta property="http://schema.org/about" content="Wittelsbach, House of family" /> <meta property="http://schema.org/author" content="Dieter J. Weiss" /> <meta property="http://schema.org/author" content="Gregor M. Lechner" /> <meta property="http://schema.org/author" content="Doris Kutschbach" /> <meta property="http://schema.org/author" content="Jeffrey Chipps Smith" /> <meta property="http://schema.org/author" content="Josef Strasser" /> <meta property="http://schema.org/author" content="Andrea M. Kluxen" /> <meta property="http://schema.org/author" content="Jürgen Zimmer" /> <meta property="http://schema.org/author" content="Martina Sitt" /> <meta property="http://schema.org/author" content="Ingrid Sattel Bernardini" /> <meta property="http://schema.org/author" content="Hans Ottomeyer" /> <meta property="http://schema.org/author" content="Eberhard Ruhmer" /> <meta rel="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/primaryTopic" href="http://oxfordindex.oup.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803124306508" /> <meta rel="http://purl.org/dc/terms/source" href="https://www.oxfordartonline.com/groveart/documentID/oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921" /> <meta property="http://purl.org/dc/terms/description" content="Dynasty of German rulers, patrons, and collectors. The Bavarian branch of the family (see §I below) was helped in its rise to power by an alliance with the House of Hohenstaufen. The acquisition by marriage of the Rhineland Palatinate in the early 13th century brought division of the inheritance (see §II below). However, the division gave rise to cultural diversity by scattering a number of residences throughout the country. In 1329 the dynastic treaty of Pavia with the Palatinate branch provided for reciprocal inheritance and (until 1356) the alternation of the electorship between the lines. Following a decree on primogeniture (1506) by Albert IV, Duke of Bavaria (reg 1463–1508), Bavaria remained undivided. The Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld branch (see §III below) was a collateral line. On the extinction of the Bavarian and Palatinate branches in the 18th century, however, the Zweibrücken house provided the last kings of Bavaria...." /> <meta property="http://purl.org/dc/terms/identifier" content="10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T091921" /> <meta property="http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject" content="Exhibition Catalogues and Specific Collections" /> <meta property="http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject" content="Byzantine and Medieval Art (500 CE to 1400)" /> <meta property="http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject" content="18th-Century Art" /> <meta property="http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject" content="19th-Century Art" /> <meta property="http://schema.org/dateCreated" content="2003" /> <meta property="http://schema.org/isbn" content="9781884446054" /> <meta property="http://schema.org/publisher" content="Oxford University Press" /> <meta property="http://schema.org/wordCount" content="12288" /><meta 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Bavarian branch.</a><ul><li class="div2 expandable notcurrent level2 open"><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-div2-7000091924">(1) Ludwig IV [Ludwig the Bavarian], Holy Roman Emperor and Duke of Bavaria</a><ul><li class="sections "><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-bibliography-2">Bibliography</a></li></ul></li><li class="div2 expandable notcurrent level2 open"><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-div2-7000091926">(2) William [Wilhelm] IV, Duke of Bavaria</a><ul><li class="sections "><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-bibliography-3">Bibliography</a></li></ul></li><li class="div2 expandable notcurrent level2 open"><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-div2-7000091928">(3) Albert [Albrecht] V, Duke of Bavaria</a><ul><li class="sections "><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-bibliography-4">Bibliography</a></li></ul></li><li class="div2 expandable notcurrent level2 open"><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-div2-7000091930">(4) William [Wilhelm] V, Duke of Bavaria</a><ul><li class="sections "><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-bibliography-5">Bibliography</a></li></ul></li><li class="div2 expandable notcurrent level2 open"><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-div2-7000091932">(5) Maximilian I, Duke and Elector of Bavaria</a><ul><li class="sections "><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-bibliography-6">Bibliography</a></li></ul></li><li class="div2 expandable notcurrent level2 open"><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-div2-7000091934">(6) Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria</a><ul><li class="sections "><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-bibliography-7">Bibliography</a></li></ul></li><li class="div2 expandable notcurrent level2 open"><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-div2-7000091936">(7) Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria</a><ul><li class="sections "><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-bibliography-8">Bibliography</a></li></ul></li><li class="div2 expandable notcurrent level2 open"><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-div2-7000091938">(8) Joseph Clemens, Elector–Archbishop of Cologne</a><ul><li class="sections "><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-bibliography-9">Bibliography</a></li></ul></li><li class="div2 expandable notcurrent level2 open"><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-div2-7000091940">(9) Clemens August, Elector–Archbishop of Cologne</a><ul><li class="sections "><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-bibliography-10">Bibliography</a></li></ul></li><li class="div2 expandable notcurrent level2 open"><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-div2-7000091942">(10) Maximilian III Joseph, Elector of Bavaria</a><ul><li class="sections "><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-bibliography-11">Bibliography</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="sections expandable notcurrent level1 open"><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-div1-7000091944">II. Palatinate branch.</a><ul><li class="div2 expandable notcurrent level2 open"><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-div2-7000091945">(1) Otto Henry [Ottheinrich], Elector Palatine of the Rhine and Count Palatine of Neuburg</a><ul><li class="sections "><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-bibliography-12">Bibliography</a></li></ul></li><li class="div2 expandable notcurrent level2 open"><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-div2-7000091947">(2) Wolfgang William [Wolfgang Wilhelm], Count Palatine of Neuberg</a><ul><li class="sections "><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-bibliography-13">Bibliography</a></li></ul></li><li class="div2 expandable notcurrent level2 open"><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-div2-7000091949">(3) John William [Johan Wilhelm; Jan Wellem], Elector Palatine of the Rhine and Count Palatine of Neuberg</a><ul><li class="sections "><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-bibliography-14">Unpublished sources</a></li><li class="sections "><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-bibliography-15">Bibliography</a></li></ul></li><li class="div2 expandable notcurrent level2 open"><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-div2-7000091952">(4) Charles Theodore [Carl Theodor; Karl Theodor], Elector Palatine of the Rhine and Elector of Bavaria</a><ul><li class="sections "><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-bibliography-16">Bibliography</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="sections expandable notcurrent level1 open"><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-div1-7000091954">III. Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld branch.</a><ul><li class="div2"><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-div2-7000091955">(1) Christian IV, Duke of Zweibrücken</a></li><li class="div2 expandable notcurrent level2 open"><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-div2-7000091956">(2) Charles II Augustus [Karl II August], Duke of Zweibrücken</a><ul><li class="sections "><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-bibliography-17">Bibliography</a></li></ul></li><li class="div2 expandable notcurrent level2 open"><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-div2-7000091958">(3) Ludwig I, King of Bavaria</a><ul><li class="sections "><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-bibliography-18">Bibliography</a></li></ul></li><li class="div2 expandable notcurrent level2 open"><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-div2-7000091960">(4) Ludwig II, King of Bavaria</a><ul><li class="sections "><a href="#oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921-bibliography-19">Bibliography</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><ul class="non-toc"><li class="related-link"><a href="#Externalresources">External resources</a></li></ul></nav> </div> <div class="glossary-sidebar"> <a href="/groveart/abbreviations" class="glossary-sidebar-link">Abbreviations</a> </div> <div> </div> <div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="mainContent" class="mainBase"> <div id="readPanel"> <a class="summary-toggle ico-summary js-summary-toggle phoneOnly" href="#"><span>Show Summary Details</span></a> <p></p> <p></p> <ul class="tabList tab-list"> <li class="tab active"> <a href="/groveart/display/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.001.0001/oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921?mediaType=Article">Article</a> </li> <li class="tab "> <a href="/groveart/display/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.001.0001/oao-9781884446054-e-7000091921?mediaType=Image">Images</a> </li> </ul> <div class="entryContent"> <div class="component component-content-item component-version-banner "> </div> <div class="cxs-content-root pattern-library-style-root"> <div class="cxs-style-root"> <div class="app-orr site-GDA"> <div class="bodyCssRoot" id="contentBody"><footer class="pdf"><div class="pageNumber">Page <span class="pageCounter"></span> of <span class="totalPages"></span></div><div class="message"> <div class="pattern-library-style-root"> <p>Printed from Grove Art Online. 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c-Button--contained c-Button--primary" type="submit"> Save </button> </div> </fieldset> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="glossaryList" id="glossaryList"> <div class="cxs-content-root pattern-library-style-root"> <div class="cxs-style-root"> <div class="app-orr site-GDA"> <footer class="pdf"><div class="pageNumber">Page <span class="pageCounter"></span> of <span class="totalPages"></span></div><div class="message"></div></footer><div class="pageNumbersIncluded responsiveSkin ifp-doc-type-glossaryTerm" data-release-version="2.2.12" data-product-code="DEFAULT" id="contentPanel"> <div class="glossaryList"><div id="oao-9781884446054-miscMatter-1-abbrevExpansion-4317"><span class="tooltipContainer"><span class="tooltipExpansion"> floruit [flourished]</span></span></div></div> <div class="chunkHead"><div class="chunkHeadMain"><div class="pdftitle"></div></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cxs-content-root pattern-library-style-root"> <div class="cxs-style-root"> <div class="app-orr site-GDA"> <footer class="pdf"><div class="pageNumber">Page <span class="pageCounter"></span> of <span class="totalPages"></span></div><div class="message"></div></footer><div class="pageNumbersIncluded responsiveSkin ifp-doc-type-glossaryTerm" data-release-version="2.2.12" data-product-code="DEFAULT" id="contentPanel"> <div class="glossaryList"><div id="oao-9781884446054-miscMatter-1-abbrevExpansion-3879"><span class="tooltipContainer"><span class="tooltipExpansion">Neue deutsche Biographie (Berlin, 1953–)</span></span></div></div> <div class="chunkHead"><div class="chunkHeadMain"><div class="pdftitle"></div></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <script type="text/javascript">var require = 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