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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Se connectar</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Més opcions" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aisinas personalas" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aisinas personalas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menú d'usuari" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_oc.wikipedia.org&uselang=oc"><span>Far un don</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crear_un_compte&returnto=Acc%C3%A8s+ob%C3%A8rt" title="Vos es conselhat de crear un compte e de vos connectar ; pasmens, es pas obligatòri"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Crear un compte</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Nom_d%27utilizaire&returnto=Acc%C3%A8s+ob%C3%A8rt" title="Sètz convidat(ada) a vos identificar, mas es pas obligatòri. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Se connectar</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pàgines per a editors no registrats <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Introducci%C3%B3" aria-label="Vegeu més informació sobre l'edició"><span>més informació</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Mas_contribucions" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d'aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Mas_discussions" title="La pagina de discussion per aquesta adreça IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Somari" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Somari</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mòu a la barra laterala</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">Escondre</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Començament</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Referéncias" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referéncias"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Referéncias</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referéncias-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Somari" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Accès obèrt</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 48 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-48" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">48 lengas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vrye_toegang" title="Vrye toegang - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Vrye toegang" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AD" title="وصول مفتوح - arabi" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="وصول مفتوح" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BF" title="Свободен онлайн достъп - bulgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Свободен онлайн достъп" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="উন্মুক্ত প্রবেশাধিকার - bengalin" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উন্মুক্ত প্রবেশাধিকার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acc%C3%A9s_obert" title="Accés obert - catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Accés obert" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otev%C5%99en%C3%BD_p%C5%99%C3%ADstup" title="Otevřený přístup - chèc" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Otevřený přístup" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="chèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_access" title="Open access - danés" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Open access" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Access" title="Open Access - alemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Open Access" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%AE_%CF%80%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%83%CE%B2%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B7" title="Ανοικτή πρόσβαση - grèc" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ανοικτή πρόσβαση" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_access" title="Open access - anglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Open access" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malfermita_aliro" title="Malfermita aliro - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Malfermita aliro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acceso_abierto" title="Acceso abierto - espanhòl" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Acceso abierto" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhòl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avatud_juurdep%C3%A4%C3%A4s" title="Avatud juurdepääs - estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Avatud juurdepääs" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_access" title="Open access - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Open access" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="دسترسی آزاد - perse" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دسترسی آزاد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avoin_saatavuus" title="Avoin saatavuus - finlandés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Avoin saatavuus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libre_acc%C3%A8s_(%C3%A9dition_scientifique)" title="Libre accès (édition scientifique) - francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Libre accès (édition scientifique)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acceso_libre" title="Acceso libre - galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Acceso libre" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%94_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97%D7%94" title="גישה פתוחה - ebrèu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גישה פתוחה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebrèu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%AE" title="उन्मुक्त अभिगम - Indi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="उन्मुक्त अभिगम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Indi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slobodan_pristup" title="Slobodan pristup - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Slobodan pristup" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akses_terbuka" title="Akses terbuka - indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Akses terbuka" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bons articles"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opinn_a%C3%B0gangur" title="Opinn aðgangur - islandés" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Opinn aðgangur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_access" title="Open access - italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Open access" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%97%E3%83%B3%E3%82%A2%E3%82%AF%E3%82%BB%E3%82%B9" title="オープンアクセス - japonés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オープンアクセス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%A4%ED%94%88_%EC%95%A1%EC%84%B8%EC%8A%A4" title="오픈 액세스 - corean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="오픈 액세스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="corean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF" title="Слободен пристап - macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Слободен пристап" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AD%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%A4" title="ഗവേഷണലഭ്യത - malaiàlam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഗവേഷണലഭ്യത" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiàlam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capaian_terbuka" title="Capaian terbuka - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Capaian terbuka" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%81%E1%80%99%E1%80%B2%E1%80%B7%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BD%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%9A%E1%80%B0%E1%80%81%E1%80%BC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="အခမဲ့လွတ်လပ်ရယူခြင်း - birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အခမဲ့လွတ်လပ်ရယူခြင်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_access_(publiceren)" title="Open access (publiceren) - neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Open access (publiceren)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%85pen_tilgang" title="Åpen tilgang - norvegian bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Åpen tilgang" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegian bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%95_%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%88" title="ਬੇਰੋਕ ਰਸਾਈ - punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬੇਰੋਕ ਰਸਾਈ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otwarty_dost%C4%99p" title="Otwarty dostęp - polonés" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Otwarty dostęp" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acesso_aberto" title="Acesso aberto - portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Acesso aberto" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acces_deschis" title="Acces deschis - romanés" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Acces deschis" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF" title="Открытый доступ - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Открытый доступ" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otvoreni_pristup" title="Otvoreni pristup - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Otvoreni pristup" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_access" title="Open access - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Open access" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosti_dostop" title="Prosti dostop - eslovèn" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Prosti dostop" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="eslovèn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF" title="Отворени приступ - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Отворени приступ" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96ppen_tillg%C3%A5ng" title="Öppen tillgång - suedés" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Öppen tillgång" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="திறந்த அணுகல் - tamol" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="திறந்த அணுகல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94" title="การเข้าถึงแบบเปิด - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การเข้าถึงแบบเปิด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A7%C4%B1k_eri%C5%9Fim" title="Açık erişim - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Açık erişim" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF" title="Відкритий доступ - ucrainés" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Відкритий доступ" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucrainés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truy_c%E1%BA%ADp_m%E1%BB%9F" title="Truy cập mở - vietnamian" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Truy cập mở" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E8%8E%B7%E5%8F%96" title="开放获取 - chinés" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="开放获取" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q232932#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modificar los ligams interlenga" class="wbc-editpage">Modificar los ligams</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espacis de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Acc%C3%A8s_ob%C3%A8rt" title="Veire l’article [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discutir:Acc%C3%A8s_ob%C3%A8rt&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussion a prepaus d'aquesta pagina (la pagina existís pas) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Canvia la variant de llengua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">occitan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Afichatges"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Acc%C3%A8s_ob%C3%A8rt"><span>Legir</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acc%C3%A8s_ob%C3%A8rt&veaction=edit" title="Modificar aquela pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificar</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acc%C3%A8s_ob%C3%A8rt&action=edit" title="Modificar lo còdi font d'aquela pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acc%C3%A8s_ob%C3%A8rt&action=history" title="Los autors e versions precedentas d'aquesta pagina. 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vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparença</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mòu a la barra laterala</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">Escondre</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-dialecte-lengadocian" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="oc" dir="ltr"><p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2426362">.mw-parser-output table.ambox{margin:0px 10%;border:1px solid #aaa;border-top:5px solid #1e90ff;background:#fbfbfb}.mw-parser-output table.ambox+table.ambox{margin-top:20px}.mw-parser-output .ambox th.mbox-text,.mw-parser-output .ambox td.mbox-text{padding:0.25em 0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ambox td.mbox-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ambox td.mbox-imageright{padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-notice{border-top:5px solid #1e90ff}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-speedy{border-top:5px solid #b22222;background:#fee}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-delete{border-top:5px solid #b22222}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-content{border-top:5px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-style{border-top:5px solid #f4c430}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-move{border-top:5px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-protection{border-top:5px solid 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table.fmbox-system{background:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output table.fmbox-warning{border:1px solid #bb7070;background:#ffdbdb}.mw-parser-output table.fmbox-editnotice{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output table.tmpbox{margin:4px 10%;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #aaa;background:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output table.tmpbox-notice{border:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output table.tmpbox-speedy{border:2px solid #b22222;background:#fee}.mw-parser-output table.tmpbox-delete{border:2px solid #b22222}.mw-parser-output table.tmpbox-content{border:1px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output table.tmpbox-style{border:1px solid #f4c430}.mw-parser-output table.tmpbox-move{border:1px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output table.tmpbox-protection{border:2px solid #bba}.mw-parser-output .allpagesredirect a,.mw-parser-output .watchlistredir a,.mw-parser-output .redirect-in-category{font-style:italic}</style> </p> <center><table class="noprint ambox ambox-delete" style="width: 440px;" data-severity="3"> <tbody><tr> <td class="ambox-image" style="width: 52px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Icono_de_esbozo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Icono_de_esbozo.svg/25px-Icono_de_esbozo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Icono_de_esbozo.svg/38px-Icono_de_esbozo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Icono_de_esbozo.svg/50px-Icono_de_esbozo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="434" data-file-height="417" /></a></span></td> <td class="ambox-text" style=""> <div class="ambox-text-span"><b>Aquel article (o seccion) es un <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Esb%C3%B2s" title="Ajuda:Esbòs">esbòs</a>.</b><br /><span style="font-size:90%;" class="hide-when-compact">Podètz partejar vòstras coneissenças e o melhorar (<a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Coss%C3%AD_modificar_una_pagina" title="Ajuda:Cossí modificar una pagina">cossí?</a>).</span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody></table></center> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/110px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/165px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/220px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Lògo de l'accès obèrt, dessenhat originalament per la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Public_Library_of_Science&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Public Library of Science (la pagina existís pas)">Public Library of Science</a></figcaption></figure> <p>L'<b>accès obèrt</b> (de l'<a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">anglés</a> <i>open access</i>, abrejat <i>OA</i>) es un ensemble de principis e una gamma de practicas per los quals los resultats de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%A8cerca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rècerca (la pagina existís pas)">rècerca</a> son distribuïts <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">en linha</a>, sens despensas d'accès ni autres obstacles<sup id="cite_ref-suber_overview_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-suber_overview-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Dins d'unes modèls de publicacion en accès obèrt, los obstacles a la còpia o a la reütilizacion son egalament reduches o supprimits en applicant una <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lic%C3%A9ncia_ob%C3%A8rta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Licéncia obèrta (la pagina existís pas)">licéncia obèrta</a> pel <a href="/wiki/Drech_d%27autor" title="Drech d'autor">drech d'autor</a><sup id="cite_ref-suber_overview_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-suber_overview-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referéncias"><span id="Refer.C3.A9ncias"></span>Referéncias</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acc%C3%A8s_ob%C3%A8rt&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modificar la seccion : Referéncias" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acc%C3%A8s_ob%C3%A8rt&action=edit&section=1" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Referéncias"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="En anglés">(<abbr title="">en</abbr>)</span> Aqueste article es parcialament o en totalitat eissit d’una traduccion de l’article de Wikipèdia en <a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">anglés</a> intitolat « <i><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Open_access&oldid=cur">Open access</a></span></i> ».</li></ul> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-suber_overview-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-suber_overview_1-0">1,0</a></sup> et <sup><a href="#cite_ref-suber_overview_1-1">1,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><style 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class="citation noarchive" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREF">.</span></span> </li> </ol> </div> <div style="clear:both;"></div><span class="noarchive"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2394419">.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control{margin-top:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox hr:last-child{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox+.mw-mf-linked-projects{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control,.mw-parser-output .mw-mf-linked-projects{font-size:88%}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .mw-mf-linked-projects ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="mw-authority-control"><div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2393278">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Registre_d&#039;autoritat" style="width: inherit;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Registre_d&#039;autoritat" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:Autoritats" title="Wikipèdia:Autoritats">Registre d'autoritat</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Projèctes Wikimèdia</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> Wikidata:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232932" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q232932">Q232932</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Multimedia:</span> <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Open_access_(publishing)">Open access (publishing)</a></span></span></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b>Identificadors</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France (la pagina existís pas)">BNF</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14601976q">14601976q</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14601976q">(data)</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Integrated_Authority_File&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Integrated Authority File (la pagina existís pas)">GND</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/7525775-0">7525775-0</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Library of the Czech Republic (la pagina existís pas)">NKC</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph570647">ph570647</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="mw-mf-linked-projects hlist"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> Wikidata:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232932" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q232932">Q232932</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Multimedia:</span> <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" 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