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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kurt Wolff (publisher)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">German publisher, founder of Kurt Wolff Verlag</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the World War I flying ace, see <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Wolff_(aviator)" title="Kurt Wolff (aviator)">Kurt Wolff (aviator)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%22R%C3%BCbezahlbuch%22,_Hauptmann_Carl,_1915.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/%22R%C3%BCbezahlbuch%22%2C_Hauptmann_Carl%2C_1915.jpg/220px-%22R%C3%BCbezahlbuch%22%2C_Hauptmann_Carl%2C_1915.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="352" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/%22R%C3%BCbezahlbuch%22%2C_Hauptmann_Carl%2C_1915.jpg/330px-%22R%C3%BCbezahlbuch%22%2C_Hauptmann_Carl%2C_1915.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/%22R%C3%BCbezahlbuch%22%2C_Hauptmann_Carl%2C_1915.jpg/440px-%22R%C3%BCbezahlbuch%22%2C_Hauptmann_Carl%2C_1915.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2322" data-file-height="3717" /></a><figcaption>Some books published by Kurt Wolff</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Kurt Wolff</b> (3 March 1887 – 21 October 1963) was a German publisher, editor, writer, and <a href="/wiki/Journalist" title="Journalist">journalist</a>. </p><p>Wolff was born in <a href="/wiki/Bonn" title="Bonn">Bonn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rhine_Province" title="Rhine Province">Rhenish Prussia</a>; his mother came from a <a href="/wiki/Jewish-German" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish-German">Jewish-German</a> family.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He married Elisabeth Karoline Clara <a href="/wiki/Merck_family" title="Merck family">Merck</a> (1890–1970), of the <a href="/wiki/Darmstadt" title="Darmstadt">Darmstadt</a> pharmaceuticals firm, in 1909. Together with <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Rowohlt" title="Ernst Rowohlt">Ernst Rowohlt</a>, Wolff began to work in publishing in <a href="/wiki/Leipzig" title="Leipzig">Leipzig</a> in 1908. He was the first to promote and publish <a href="/wiki/Franz_Kafka" title="Franz Kafka">Franz Kafka</a> and <a href="/wiki/Franz_Werfel" title="Franz Werfel">Franz Werfel</a> but declined to publish the works of <a href="/wiki/Axel_Munthe" title="Axel Munthe">Axel Munthe</a>. Wolff's close contact to other writers in <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a> and the support for unknown, but talented writers, helped him develop Kafka's friends, <a href="/wiki/Max_Brod" title="Max Brod">Max Brod</a> and <a href="/wiki/Felix_Weltsch" title="Felix Weltsch">Felix Weltsch</a>, who were more well known in <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a> and <a href="/wiki/German_Reich" title="German Reich">Germany</a>. </p><p>In 1929, Wolff published the photography book <i>Face of Our Time</i> by <a href="/wiki/August_Sander" title="August Sander">August Sander</a>. </p><p>In 1941 Wolff and his second wife, <a href="/wiki/Helen_Wolff" title="Helen Wolff">Helen Mosel</a>, left Germany and emigrated to Paris, London, Montagnola, St. Tropez, Nice, and finally with the assistance of <a href="/wiki/Varian_Fry" title="Varian Fry">Varian Fry</a>, to <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later in <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a>, <a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, Wolff developed several publishing houses. In the U.S., he and Helen founded <a href="/wiki/Pantheon_Books" title="Pantheon Books">Pantheon Books</a> in 1942, which became well known.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They later ran the Helen and Kurt Wolff Books imprint at <a href="/wiki/Harcourt_(publisher)" title="Harcourt (publisher)">Harcourt Brace Jovanovich</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wolff settled in Switzerland in the 1950s.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He died after a driving accident and is buried with Helen in <a href="/wiki/Marbach_am_Neckar" title="Marbach am Neckar">Marbach</a>, Germany. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Helen_and_Kurt_Wolff_Translator%27s_Prize" title="Helen and Kurt Wolff Translator's Prize">Helen and Kurt Wolff Translator's Prize</a> is named in honor of him and his wife. His son, <a href="/wiki/Christian_Wolff_(composer)" title="Christian Wolff (composer)">Christian Wolff</a>, is a renowned avant-garde musician. His grandson Alexander (son of Nicholas) wrote a family history, published in 2021 as <i>Endpapers: A Family Story of Books, War, Escape, and Home</i>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literary_archives">Literary archives</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kurt_Wolff_(publisher)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Literary archives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Beinecke_Rare_Book_and_Manuscript_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library">Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library</a> at <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a> holds the Kurt Wolff Archive, 1907–38. The collection contains about 4,100 letters and manuscripts from the files of the Kurt Wolff Verlag from the years 1910–30. A portion of the Kurt Wolff Archive is currently available online.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kurt_Wolff_(publisher)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Kurt Wolff: A Portrait in Essays and Letters</i>, Michael Ermarth, editor; Deborah Lucas Schneider, translator. University of Chicago Press, 1991.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kurt_Wolff_(publisher)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131021034025/http://schule.judentum.de/projekt/regionalgeschichte/rolleinwirtschaft.htm">"Rolle der Juden in Wirtschaft und Kultur Sachsens"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://schule.judentum.de/projekt/regionalgeschichte/rolleinwirtschaft.htm">the original</a> on 2013-10-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-10-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rolle+der+Juden+in+Wirtschaft+und+Kultur+Sachsens&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fschule.judentum.de%2Fprojekt%2Fregionalgeschichte%2Frolleinwirtschaft.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKurt+Wolff+%28publisher%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Detjen, Marion. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.immigrantentrepreneurship.org/entry.php?rec=83">"Kurt and Helen Wolff."</a> In <i>Immigrant Entrepreneurship: German-American Business Biographies, 1720 to the Present</i>, vol. 5, edited by R. Daniel Wadhwani. German Historical Institute. Last modified June 19, 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McGuire, William. <i>Bollingen: An Adventure in Collecting the Past,</i> Princeton University Press (1989), p 273.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.goethe.de/ins/us/lp/prj/wol/khw/enindex.htm">[1]</a> <a href="/wiki/Goethe-Institut" title="Goethe-Institut">Goethe-Institut</a> USA, <i>about Helen and Kurt Wolff,</i> retrieved July 31, 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMitgang1994" class="citation news cs1">Mitgang, Herbert (1994-03-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/30/obituaries/helen-wolff-a-publisher-is-dead-at-88.html">"Helen Wolff, a Publisher, Is Dead at 88"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-12-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Helen+Wolff%2C+a+Publisher%2C+Is+Dead+at+88&rft.date=1994-03-30&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Mitgang&rft.aufirst=Herbert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1994%2F03%2F30%2Fobituaries%2Fhelen-wolff-a-publisher-is-dead-at-88.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKurt+Wolff+%28publisher%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHammer2021" class="citation news cs1">Hammer, Joshua (April 8, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2021/04/08/alexander-wolff-ghost-war-machine/">"A Ghost in the War Machine"</a>. <i>New York Review of Books</i>. Vol. 63, no. 6. pp. 28–31. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0028-7504">0028-7504</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Review+of+Books&rft.atitle=A+Ghost+in+the+War+Machine&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=28-31&rft.date=2021-04-08&rft.issn=0028-7504&rft.aulast=Hammer&rft.aufirst=Joshua&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nybooks.com%2Farticles%2F2021%2F04%2F08%2Falexander-wolff-ghost-war-machine%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKurt+Wolff+%28publisher%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://beinecke.library.yale.edu/digitallibrary/wolff.html">Kurt Wolff Archive, 1907-1938.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100616090701/http://beinecke.library.yale.edu/digitallibrary/wolff.html">Archived</a> 2010-06-16 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library at Yale University. Retrieved on 2009-07-08.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kurt_Wolff_(publisher)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kurt_Wolff_(publisher)" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Kurt Wolff (publisher)">Kurt Wolff (publisher)</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="https://hdl.handle.net/10079/fa/beinecke.wolff" class="extiw" title="hdl:10079/fa/beinecke.wolff">Kurt Wolff Archive</a>. Yale Collection of German Literature. Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library.</li> <li><a href="https://hdl.handle.net/10079/fa/beinecke.wolffhk" class="extiw" title="hdl:10079/fa/beinecke.wolffhk">Helen and Kurt Wolff Papers</a>. 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aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q87115#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q87115#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q87115#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000115681353">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/41974486">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/143430/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJkp4fF63mwxBrbDG7bcfq">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118634828">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n85801207">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13016125v">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13016125v">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Wolff, Kurt <1887-1963>"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/RLZV030188">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35608076">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn20000701978&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1161512">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069447438">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000080693&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810642990605606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/97563">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007278730805171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058512225506706">Catalonia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14760857">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1013253">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118634828.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118634828">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/030136148">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" 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