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.ib-comics-creator .infobox-above,.mw-parser-output .ib-comics-creator .infobox-title{background-color:#99c2ff}.mw-parser-output .ib-comics-creator-manga .infobox-above,.mw-parser-output .ib-comics-creator-manga .infobox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .ib-comics-creator-foreign-name{font-size:97%}.mw-parser-output .ib-comics-creator .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ib-comics-creator .infobox-label{width:40%}}</style><table class="infobox ib-comics-creator biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn">Roger Stern</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Roger_Stern_(Ithacon_2010).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Roger_Stern_%28Ithacon_2010%29.jpg/220px-Roger_Stern_%28Ithacon_2010%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Roger_Stern_%28Ithacon_2010%29.jpg/330px-Roger_Stern_%28Ithacon_2010%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Roger_Stern_%28Ithacon_2010%29.jpg/440px-Roger_Stern_%28Ithacon_2010%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Stern photographed at Ithacon 35, Part II in 2010</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1950-09-17</span>) </span>September 17, 1950<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 74)</span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Noblesville,_Indiana" title="Noblesville, Indiana">Noblesville, Indiana</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-CBA12_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBA12-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Area(s)</span></th><td class="infobox-data role">Writer</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Notable works</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/Action_Comics" title="Action Comics">Action Comics</a></i><br /><i><a href="/wiki/The_Amazing_Spider-Man" title="The Amazing Spider-Man">The Amazing Spider-Man</a></i><br /><i><a href="/wiki/The_Avengers_(comic_book)" title="The Avengers (comic book)">The Avengers</a></i><br /><i><a href="/wiki/Captain_America_(comic_book)" title="Captain America (comic book)">Captain America</a></i><br /><i><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Strange" title="Doctor Strange">Doctor Strange</a></i><br /><i><a href="/wiki/Atom_(Ray_Palmer)" title="Atom (Ray Palmer)">Power of the Atom</a></i><br /><i><a href="/wiki/Starman_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Starman (comics)">Starman</a></i><br /><i>Triumph and Torment</i></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Roger Stern</b> (born September 17, 1950) is an American comic book author and novelist. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_Stern&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_career">Early career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_Stern&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the early 1970s, Stern and <a href="/wiki/Bob_Layton" title="Bob Layton">Bob Layton</a> published the <a href="/wiki/Fanzine" title="Fanzine">fanzine</a> <i>CPL</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Pictorial_Literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Contemporary Pictorial Literature">Contemporary Pictorial Literature</a></i>), one of the first platforms for the work of <a href="/wiki/John_Byrne_(comics)" title="John Byrne (comics)">John Byrne</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CBA12_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBA12-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Jazma_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jazma-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>CPL</i> rapidly became a popular fan publication, and led to the two forming an alliance with <a href="/wiki/Charlton_Comics" title="Charlton Comics">Charlton Comics</a> to produce and publish "the now-famous <i><a href="/wiki/Charlton_Bullseye_(fanzine)" title="Charlton Bullseye (fanzine)">Charlton Bullseye</a></i> magazine".<sup id="cite_ref-Jazma_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jazma-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the mid-1970s, both Marvel and DC were publishing in-house "fan" publications (<i><a href="/wiki/FOOM" title="FOOM">FOOM</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Amazing_World_of_DC_Comics" title="The Amazing World of DC Comics">The Amazing World of DC Comics</a></i> respectively), and Charlton wished to make inroads into the superhero market, as well as "establish a fan presence," leading to the alliance with CPL to produce the <i>Charlton Bullseye</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Jazma_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jazma-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This led to Charlton giving Layton and Stern "access to unpublished material from their vaults by the likes of <a href="/wiki/Steve_Ditko" title="Steve Ditko">Steve Ditko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Catherine_Jones" title="Jeffrey Catherine Jones">Jeff Jones</a> and a host of others."<sup id="cite_ref-Jazma_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jazma-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Comics">Comics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_Stern&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Comics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hobgoblin_(Marvel_Comics).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/89/Hobgoblin_%28Marvel_Comics%29.png/220px-Hobgoblin_%28Marvel_Comics%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/8/89/Hobgoblin_%28Marvel_Comics%29.png 1.5x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="313" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Hobgoblin_(comics)" title="Hobgoblin (comics)">Hobgoblin</a> character co-created by Stern. Art by <a href="/wiki/John_Romita_Jr." title="John Romita Jr.">John Romita Jr.</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Stern broke into the industry as a writer in 1975 as part of the <a href="/wiki/Marvel_Comics" title="Marvel Comics">Marvel Comics</a> "third wave" of creators, which included artists John Byrne and <a href="/wiki/Frank_Miller_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Miller (comics)">Frank Miller</a>, and writers <a href="/wiki/Jo_Duffy" title="Jo Duffy">Jo Duffy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Gruenwald" title="Mark Gruenwald">Mark Gruenwald</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Macchio_(editor)" title="Ralph Macchio (editor)">Ralph Macchio</a>. Stern worked as an <a href="/wiki/Editing" title="Editing">editor</a> from 1976 to 1980.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Jim_Shooter" title="Jim Shooter">Jim Shooter</a> claims that Stern co-plotted (as a <a href="/wiki/Ghostwriter" title="Ghostwriter">ghostwriter</a>) his last few stories for <a href="/wiki/DC_Comics" title="DC Comics">DC Comics</a> in 1976.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stern wrote the "<a href="/wiki/Guardians_of_the_Galaxy_(1969_team)" title="Guardians of the Galaxy (1969 team)">Guardians of the Galaxy</a>" feature in <i><a href="/wiki/Marvel_Presents" title="Marvel Presents">Marvel Presents</a></i> #10-12 in 1977.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He briefly collaborated with Byrne on <i><a href="/wiki/Captain_America_(comic_book)" title="Captain America (comic book)">Captain America</a></i>. The two produced a story wherein Captain America considered running for the office of <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an idea originally developed by <a href="/wiki/Roger_McKenzie_(comics)" title="Roger McKenzie (comics)">Roger McKenzie</a> and <a href="/wiki/Don_Perlin" title="Don Perlin">Don Perlin</a>. Stern, in his capacity as editor of the title, had originally rejected the idea but later changed his mind about the concept.<sup id="cite_ref-Cronin_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cronin-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McKenzie and Perlin received credit for the idea on the letters page at Stern's insistence.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His first regular monthly book was as staff writer for <i><a href="/wiki/The_Incredible_Hulk_(comic_book)" title="The Incredible Hulk (comic book)">The Incredible Hulk</a></i> taking over for departing <a href="/wiki/Len_Wein" title="Len Wein">Len Wein</a> in 1978.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stern later became the writer of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Spectacular_Spider-Man" title="The Spectacular Spider-Man">The Spectacular Spider-Man</a></i> with issue #43 (June 1980).<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He then took over <i><a href="/wiki/The_Amazing_Spider-Man" title="The Amazing Spider-Man">The Amazing Spider-Man</a></i> with issue #224 (January 1982).<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to his Spider-Man work, Stern is known for his lengthy stints on <i><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Strange_(comic_book)" title="Doctor Strange (comic book)">Doctor Strange</a>,</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Avengers_(comic_book)" title="The Avengers (comic book)">The Avengers</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-GCD_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GCD-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1982, he co-created Marvel's second <a href="/wiki/Monica_Rambeau" title="Monica Rambeau">Captain Marvel</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Hobgoblin_(comics)" title="Hobgoblin (comics)">Hobgoblin</a>, both with artist <a href="/wiki/John_Romita_Jr." title="John Romita Jr.">John Romita Jr.</a><sup id="cite_ref-Vault68_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vault68-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stern wrote "<a href="/wiki/The_Kid_Who_Collects_Spider-Man" title="The Kid Who Collects Spider-Man">The Kid Who Collects Spider-Man</a>" in <i>The Amazing Spider-Man</i> #248 (January 1984), a story which ranks among his most popular.<sup id="cite_ref-Vault68_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vault68-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stern ended his run with <i>Amazing Spider-Man</i> #250 (March 1984), chiefly due to his difficulty working with new Spider-Man editor <a href="/wiki/Danny_Fingeroth" title="Danny Fingeroth">Danny Fingeroth</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later that same year, he co-created the Avengers spin-off <i><a href="/wiki/West_Coast_Avengers_(comic_book)" title="West Coast Avengers (comic book)">The West Coast Avengers</a></i>, with artist <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hall_(comics)" title="Bob Hall (comics)">Bob Hall</a>. </p><p>In 1987, after a dispute with editor <a href="/wiki/Mark_Gruenwald" title="Mark Gruenwald">Mark Gruenwald</a> over upcoming storylines, Stern was fired from <i>The Avengers</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He began freelancing for <a href="/wiki/DC_Comics" title="DC Comics">DC Comics</a>, where he was one of the core <a href="/wiki/Superman" title="Superman">Superman</a> writers for almost a decade, working on <i><a href="/wiki/Superman_(vol._2)" class="mw-redirect" title="Superman (vol. 2)">Superman (vol. 2)</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Action_Comics" title="Action Comics">Action Comics</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Superman:_The_Man_of_Tomorrow" title="Superman: The Man of Tomorrow">Superman: The Man of Tomorrow</a></i>. He contributed to such storylines as "Panic in the Sky"<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and "<a href="/wiki/The_Death_of_Superman" title="The Death of Superman">The Death of Superman</a>" which revived interest in the character in the early 1990s. He created the <a href="/wiki/Eradicator_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eradicator (comics)">Eradicator</a> in <i>Action Comics Annual</i> #2<sup id="cite_ref-dc-ency_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dc-ency-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-actionannual2_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-actionannual2-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and later incorporated the character into the "Reign of the Supermen" story arc beginning in <i>The Adventures of Superman</i> #500.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stern wrote the 1991 story wherein Clark Kent finally revealed his identity as Superman to <a href="/wiki/Lois_Lane" title="Lois Lane">Lois Lane</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Summer 1995, Stern and artist <a href="/wiki/Tom_Grummett" title="Tom Grummett">Tom Grummett</a> created a new quarterly series, <i><a href="/wiki/Superman:_The_Man_of_Tomorrow" title="Superman: The Man of Tomorrow">Superman: The Man of Tomorrow</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, Stern was one of the many creators who worked on the <i><a href="/wiki/Superman:_The_Wedding_Album" title="Superman: The Wedding Album">Superman: The Wedding Album</a></i> one-shot in 1996 which featured the title character's marriage to Lois Lane.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Besides his work on Superman, Stern (with co-plotter Tom McCraw) wrote <a href="/wiki/Legionnaires_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Legionnaires (comics)"><i>Legionnaires</i></a> from 1996 to 1999. Other work for DC included a relaunched <i><a href="/wiki/Ray_Palmer_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ray Palmer (comics)">Atom</a></i> series, drawn by <a href="/wiki/Dwayne_Turner" title="Dwayne Turner">Dwayne Turner</a><sup id="cite_ref-GCD_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GCD-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the co-creation of the Will Payton version of <i><a href="/wiki/Starman_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Starman (comics)">Starman</a></i> with artist <a href="/wiki/Tom_Lyle" title="Tom Lyle">Tom Lyle</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1996, Stern returned to Marvel to write the miniseries <i><a href="/wiki/Spider-Man:_Hobgoblin_Lives" class="mw-redirect" title="Spider-Man: Hobgoblin Lives">Spider-Man: Hobgoblin Lives</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and contributed to three issues of <i>Spectacular Spider-Man</i> in 1998 which featured the first confrontation between <a href="/wiki/Green_Goblin" title="Green Goblin">Norman Osborn</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hobgoblin_(Roderick_Kingsley)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hobgoblin (Roderick Kingsley)">Roderick Kingsley</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over the next four years, he wrote the short-lived <i>Marvel Universe</i> series, as well as such miniseries as <i><a href="/wiki/Avengers_(comics)" title="Avengers (comics)">Avengers Two</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Avengers_(comics)" title="Avengers (comics)">Avengers Infinity</a></i>, and <i>Spider-Man: Revenge of the <a href="/wiki/Green_Goblin" title="Green Goblin">Green Goblin</a></i>. Stern collaborated with <i>Avengers</i> writer <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Busiek" title="Kurt Busiek">Kurt Busiek</a> on <i><a href="/wiki/Iron_Man" title="Iron Man">Iron Man</a></i> and the miniseries <i><a href="/wiki/Avengers_Forever" title="Avengers Forever">Avengers Forever</a></i>, and with John Byrne on <i><a href="/wiki/Marvel:_The_Lost_Generation" title="Marvel: The Lost Generation">Marvel: The Lost Generation</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-GCD_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GCD-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After a major editorial shuffle at Marvel in 2000 left him without assignments, Stern began writing for European publisher <a href="/wiki/Egmont_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Egmont Publishing">Egmont</a>, for whom he produced scripts for <i>Fantomen</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Phantom" title="The Phantom">The Phantom</a></i>), and <a href="/wiki/Panini_UK" class="mw-redirect" title="Panini UK">Panini UK</a>, for whose <i>Marvel Rampage</i> magazine he wrote Spider-Man and Hulk stories.<sup id="cite_ref-GCD_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GCD-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stern and Busiek co-wrote the <i><a href="/wiki/Darkman_vs._Army_of_Darkness" class="mw-redirect" title="Darkman vs. Army of Darkness">Darkman vs. Army of Darkness</a></i> limited series which was drawn by artist <a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Fry_(comics)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Fry (comics) (page does not exist)">James Fry</a> and published by <a href="/wiki/Dynamite_Entertainment" title="Dynamite Entertainment">Dynamite Entertainment</a>. In 2007, Stern wrote an issue of <i><a href="/wiki/The_All-New_Atom" class="mw-redirect" title="The All-New Atom">The All-New Atom</a></i> and reunited with Byrne to produce a five-issue story arc for <i><a href="/wiki/Justice_League" title="Justice League">JLA Classified</a></i> for DC in 2008. </p><p>The next year, Stern returned to Marvel, where he wrote new stories for <i>Giant-Size Incredible Hulk</i>, <i>The Amazing Spider-Man</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Young_Allies_(Marvel_Comics)" title="Young Allies (Marvel Comics)">Young Allies</a></i> <i>70th Anniversary Special</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Amazing_Spider-Man_Family" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazing Spider-Man Family">Amazing Spider-Man Family</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Web_of_Spider-Man" title="Web of Spider-Man">Web of Spider-Man</a></i> (vol. 2), <i>Captain America</i> and <i>The Many Loves of the Amazing Spider-Man</i>. He collaborated again with Busiek, co-writing several issues of <i><a href="/wiki/Marvels:_Eye_of_the_Camera" class="mw-redirect" title="Marvels: Eye of the Camera">Marvels: Eye of the Camera</a></i>, the sequel to the <i><a href="/wiki/Marvels" title="Marvels">Marvels</a></i> miniseries.<sup id="cite_ref-GCD_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GCD-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stern has continued to freelance for Marvel, writing the 2010 miniseries <i>Captain America: Forever Allies</i> and <i>Captain America Corps</i>, another miniseries, in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-GCD_13-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GCD-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2012, he worked on an issue of the limited series <i>Hulk Smash Avengers</i> with artist <a href="/wiki/Karl_Moline" title="Karl Moline">Karl Moline</a>, and wrote issue 156.1 of <i><a href="/wiki/Peter_Parker:_Spider-Man" title="Peter Parker: Spider-Man">Peter Parker: Spider-Man</a></i> (vol. 2). In 2015, he contributed a story to <i><a href="/wiki/Spider-Verse" title="Spider-Verse">Spider-Verse</a> Team-Up</i> #1. </p><p>As part of Marvel Comics' 80th Anniversary the one-shot <i>Avengers: Loki Unleashed!</i> by Roger Stern and artist <a href="/wiki/Ron_Lim" title="Ron Lim">Ron Lim</a> that takes place after Stern's famous "The Siege" storyline, has been published in September 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Binge_Book&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Binge Book (page does not exist)">Binge Books</a> label of publisher <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sitcomics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sitcomics (page does not exist)">Sitcomics</a>, Stern wrote the 68-page comic book <i>Heroes Union</i> #1 (August 2021), pencilled by <a href="/wiki/Ron_Frenz" title="Ron Frenz">Ron Frenz</a> and inked by <a href="/wiki/Sal_Buscema" title="Sal Buscema">Sal Buscema</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Graphic_novels">Graphic novels</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_Stern&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Graphic novels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Stern has also written a number of <a href="/wiki/Graphic_novel" title="Graphic novel">graphic novels</a>, including <i><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Strange" title="Doctor Strange">Doctor Strange</a> & <a href="/wiki/Doctor_Doom" title="Doctor Doom">Doctor Doom</a>: Triumph and Torment</i>; <i>Superman for Earth</i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Incredible_Hulk" class="mw-redirect" title="The Incredible Hulk">The Incredible Hulk</a> vs. Superman</i>; <i>Superman: A Nation Divided</i>; and <i>Untold Tales of Spider-Man: Strange Encounters</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prose">Prose</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_Stern&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Prose"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In addition to his comics work, Stern has written three novels: <i>The Death and Life of Superman</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bantam_Books" title="Bantam Books">Bantam Books</a>, 1993), <i><a href="/wiki/Smallville_(TV_series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Smallville (TV series)">Smallville</a>: Strange Visitors</i> (<a href="/wiki/Warner_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Warner Books">Warner Books</a>, 2002), and <i>Superman: The Never-Ending Battle</i> (<a href="/wiki/Pocket_Books" title="Pocket Books">Pocket Books</a>, 2005). <i>The Death and Life of Superman</i> was a <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Best_Seller_list" title="The New York Times Best Seller list"><i>New York Times</i> bestseller</a> in hardcover and was released as a mass market paperback in 1994; a new trade paperback edition was released by <a href="/wiki/Barnes_%26_Noble" title="Barnes & Noble">Barnes & Noble</a> in 2004. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_Stern&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Stern married <a href="/wiki/Cornell_University" title="Cornell University">Cornell University</a> chemistry teacher Carmela Merlo in <a href="/wiki/Ithaca,_New_York" title="Ithaca, New York">Ithaca, New York</a>, on June 19, 1982, at a ceremony attended by many Marvel staffers, including editor-in-chief <a href="/wiki/Jim_Shooter" title="Jim Shooter">Jim Shooter</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_Stern&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="DC_Comics">DC Comics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_Stern&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: DC Comics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_cultural_references_of_the_September_11_attacks#Anthologies" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cultural references of the September 11 attacks">9-11 – The World's Finest Comic Book Writers & Artists Tell Stories to Remember</a></i> Volume 2 (2002)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Action_Comics" title="Action Comics">Action Comics</a></i> #601–642, 644–657, 659–665, 667–693, 696–700, 737, <i>Annual</i> #2–3 (1988–1994)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Superman_(comic_book)#1986_revamp" title="Superman (comic book)">The Adventures of Superman</a></i> #453–454, 457 (with George Perez), 462, 500 (1989–1993)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Atom_(Ryan_Choi)" title="Atom (Ryan Choi)">The All-New Atom</a></i> #16 (2007)</li> <li><i>The Death of Superman 30th Anniversary Special</i> #1 (2023)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Doomsday_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doomsday (comics)">Doomsday Annual</a></i> #1 (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Green_Lantern_Corps" title="Green Lantern Corps">Green Lantern Corps</a> Quarterly</i> #1–4 (1992–1993)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/JLA_Classified" class="mw-redirect" title="JLA Classified">JLA Classified</a></i> #50–54 (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Super-Heroes" title="Legion of Super-Heroes">Legion of Super-Heroes</a></i> vol. 4 #91, 100, 105 (1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Super-Heroes_(1994_team)" title="Legion of Super-Heroes (1994 team)">Legionnaires</a></i> #35–53, 55–74, 76–77, <i>Annual</i> #3 (1996–1999)</li> <li><i>Newstime</i> #1 (1993)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Atom_(Ray_Palmer)" title="Atom (Ray Palmer)">Power of the Atom</a></i> #1–11, 14–15 (1988–1989)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Secret_Origins" title="Secret Origins">Secret Origins</a></i> vol. 2 #29 (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Showcase_(comics)" title="Showcase (comics)">Showcase '95</a></i> #4–5 (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Starman_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Starman (comics)">Starman</a></i> #1–28 (1988–1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Supergirl_(comic_book)" title="Supergirl (comic book)">Supergirl</a></i> vol. 3 #1–4 (1994)</li> <li><i>Supergirl and Team Luthor Special</i> #1 (1993)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Superman_vol._2" title="Superman vol. 2">Superman</a></i> vol. 2 #23–28, 30–34. <i>Annual</i> #2, 7 (1988–1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Superman_comics#Other_published_titles" title="List of Superman comics">Superman: A Nation Divided</a></i> #1 (1999)</li> <li><i>Superman: For Earth</i> #1 (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Secret_Files_and_Origins" title="Secret Files and Origins">Superman Secret Files</a></i> #1 (1998)</li> <li><i>Superman: The Legacy of Superman</i> #1 (1993)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Superman:_The_Man_of_Steel" title="Superman: The Man of Steel">Superman: The Man of Steel</a></i> #1, 57 (1991–1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Superman:_The_Man_of_Tomorrow" title="Superman: The Man of Tomorrow">Superman: The Man of Tomorrow</a></i> #1–10 (1995–1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Superman_(comic_strip)" title="Superman (comic strip)">Superman: The Sunday Classics 1939–1943</a></i> (introduction) (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Superman:_The_Wedding_Album" title="Superman: The Wedding Album">Superman: The Wedding Album</a></i> #1 (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Secret_Files_and_Origins" title="Secret Files and Origins">Superman Villains Secret Files</a></i> #1 (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Underworld_Unleashed" title="Underworld Unleashed">Underworld Unleashed: Patterns of Fear</a></i> #1 (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Who%27s_Who_in_the_DC_Universe" title="Who's Who in the DC Universe">Who's Who in the DC Universe</a></i> #3–7, 10–14, 16 (1990–1992)</li> <li><i>Who's Who in the DC Universe Update 1993</i> #1–2 (1992–1993)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="DC_Comics_/_Marvel_Comics"><span id="DC_Comics_.2F_Marvel_Comics"></span>DC Comics / Marvel Comics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_Stern&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: DC Comics / Marvel Comics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Incredible_Hulk_(comic_book)" title="The Incredible Hulk (comic book)">The Incredible Hulk</a> vs. <a href="/wiki/Superman" title="Superman">Superman</a></i> #1 (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amalgam_Comics" title="Amalgam Comics">Spider-Boy Team-Up</a></i> #1 (1997)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marvel_Comics">Marvel Comics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_Stern&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Marvel Comics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Amazing_Spider-Man" title="The Amazing Spider-Man">The Amazing Spider-Man</a></i> #206, 224–227, 229–252, 580, 627–629, <i>Annual</i> #15–17, 22, <i>Annual '97</i> (1980–1988, 1997, 2009–2010)</li> <li><i>Amazing Spider-Man Family</i> #7 (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Avengers_(comic_book)" title="The Avengers (comic book)">The Avengers</a></i> #189–190, 201, 227–279, 281–287, <i>Annual</i> #13–14 (1979–1988)</li> <li><i>Avengers 1½</i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Avengers_Forever" title="Avengers Forever">Avengers Forever</a></i> #3–12 (1998–1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Avengers_Infinity" title="Avengers Infinity">Avengers Infinity</a></i> #1–4 (2000)</li> <li><i>Avengers: Loki Unleashed!</i> #1 (2019)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Avengers_titles" title="List of Avengers titles">Avengers: The Ultron Imperative</a></i> #1 (2001)</li> <li><i>Avengers Two: Wonder Man and Beast</i> #1–3 (2000)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Captain_America_(comic_book)" title="Captain America (comic book)">Captain America</a></i> #230, 247–255, 600 (1979–1981, 2009)</li> <li><i>Captain America Corps</i> #1–5 (2011)</li> <li><i>Captain America: Forever Allies</i> #1–4 (2010–2011)</li> <li><i>Captain America: Sentinel of Liberty</i> #6–7 (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Crazy_Magazine" title="Crazy Magazine">Crazy Magazine</a></i> #63, 65 (incorrectly marked as #66 on cover) (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Strange_(comic_book)" title="Doctor Strange (comic book)">Doctor Strange</a></i> vol. 2 #27–30, 32–33, 35–37, 47–62, 65–73, 75 (1978–1986)</li> <li><i>Doctor Strange/<a href="/wiki/Doctor_Doom" title="Doctor Doom">Doctor Doom</a>: Triumph and Torment</i> (1989)</li> <li><i>Doctor Strange: From the Marvel Vault</i> (2011)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Epic_Illustrated" title="Epic Illustrated">Epic Illustrated</a></i> #20 (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fantastic_Four_(comic_book)" title="Fantastic Four (comic book)">Fantastic Four</a></i> #183, 294–295, 297–302 (1977–1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/FOOM" title="FOOM">FOOM</a></i> #7, 14, 21–22 (1974–1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ghost_Rider_(Johnny_Blaze)" title="Ghost Rider (Johnny Blaze)">Ghost Rider</a></i> vol. 2 #68–70, 72–73 (1982)</li> <li><i>Giant-Size Incredible Hulk</i> #1 (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Heroes_for_Hire" title="Heroes for Hire">Heroes for Hire</a></i> #1 (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rampaging_Hulk" title="The Rampaging Hulk">The Hulk</a></i> #23 (1980)</li> <li><i>Hulk Smash Avengers</i> #3 (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Incredible_Hulk_(comic_book)" title="The Incredible Hulk (comic book)">The Incredible Hulk</a></i> vol. 2 #218–221, 223–229, 231–243, <i>Annual</i> #7–8 (1978–1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iron_Man" title="Iron Man">Iron Man</a></i> #129, <i>Annual</i> #4 (1977–1979)</li> <li><i>Iron Man</i> vol. 3 #14–25 (1999–2000)</li> <li><i>Iron Man/Captain America Annual '98</i> (1998)</li> <li><i>The Many Loves of the Amazing Spider-Man</i> #1 (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marvel_Age" title="Marvel Age">Marvel Age</a></i> #3, 33, <i>Annual</i> #3–4 (1983–1988)</li> <li><i>Marvel Comics</i> #1001 (among others) (2019)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marvel_Fanfare" title="Marvel Fanfare">Marvel Fanfare</a></i> #6, 12, 18, 57 (1983–1985, 1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/No-Prize#No-Prize_book" class="mw-redirect" title="No-Prize">Marvel No-Prize Book</a></i> #1 (research) (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marvel_Premiere" title="Marvel Premiere">Marvel Premiere</a></i> #50 (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marvel_Presents" title="Marvel Presents">Marvel Presents</a></i> #8, 10–12 (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marvel_Preview" title="Marvel Preview">Marvel Preview</a></i> #20–21, 23 (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marvel_Super-Heroes_(comics)" title="Marvel Super-Heroes (comics)">Marvel Super-Heroes</a></i> #103–104 (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marvel_Team-Up" title="Marvel Team-Up">Marvel Team-Up Annual</a></i> #3 (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marvel:_The_Lost_Generation" title="Marvel: The Lost Generation">Marvel: The Lost Generation</a></i> #1–12 (12–1) (2000–2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marvel_Treasury_Edition" title="Marvel Treasury Edition">Marvel Treasury Edition</a></i> #13 (1977)</li> <li><i>Marvel Universe</i> #1–7 (1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marvels:_Eye_of_the_Camera" class="mw-redirect" title="Marvels: Eye of the Camera">Marvels: Eye of the Camera</a></i> #3–6 (2009–2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Official_Handbook_of_the_Marvel_Universe" title="Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe">Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe</a></i> #5 (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Omega_the_Unknown" title="Omega the Unknown">Omega the Unknown</a></i> #8 (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Peter_Parker:_Spider-Man" title="Peter Parker: Spider-Man">Peter Parker: Spider-Man</a></i> vol. 2 #156.1 (2012)</li> <li><i>Power Pachyderms</i> #1 (1989)</li> <li><i>Shadows and Light</i> vol. 2 #3 (1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Solo_Avengers" title="Solo Avengers">Solo Avengers</a></i> #2–4 (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Spectacular_Spider-Man" title="The Spectacular Spider-Man">The Spectacular Spider-Man</a></i> #43, 45–52, 54–61, 85, 259–261, <i>Annual</i> #3 (1980–1981, 1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Robbie_Baldwin" title="Robbie Baldwin">Speedball</a></i> #1–8 (1988–1989)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Spider-Man_titles#Miniseries" title="List of Spider-Man titles">Spider-Man: Dead Man's Hand</a></i> #1 (1997)</li> <li><i>Spider-Man: Hobgoblin Lives</i> #1–3 (1997)</li> <li><i>Spider-Man: Revenge of the Green Goblin</i> #1–3 (2000)</li> <li><i>Spider-Man Team-Up</i> #2 (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Spider-Verse" title="Spider-Verse">Spider-Verse</a> Team-Up</i> #1 (2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thor_(Marvel_Comics)" title="Thor (Marvel Comics)">Thor</a></i> #394, <i>Annual</i> #6 (1977-1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thunderbolts_(comics)" title="Thunderbolts (comics)">Thunderbolts</a></i> #7–9 (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Untold_Tales_of_Spider-Man" title="Untold Tales of Spider-Man">Untold Tales of Spider-Man</a></i> #–1, 25 (1997)</li> <li><i>Untold Tales of Spider-Man: Strange Encounter</i> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Web_of_Spider-Man" title="Web of Spider-Man">Web of Spider-Man</a> Annual</i> #3 (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Web_of_Spider-Man" title="Web of Spider-Man">Web of Spider-Man</a></i> vol. 2 #12 (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/West_Coast_Avengers" title="West Coast Avengers">West Coast Avengers</a></i> mini-series #1–4 (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/What_If_(comics)" title="What If (comics)">What If?</a></i> #31, 34–35 (1982)</li> <li><i>X-Men: Odd Men Out</i> #1 (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Avengers_titles" title="List of Avengers titles">X-Men vs. The Avengers</a></i> #1–3 (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Young_Allies_(Marvel_Comics)" title="Young Allies (Marvel Comics)">Young Allies</a> 70th Anniversary Special</i> #1 (2009)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Panini_UK">Panini UK</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_Stern&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Panini UK"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Marvel Rampage</i> #8–10, 12–14 (2005)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_publishers">Other publishers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_Stern&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Other publishers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Charlton_Bullseye_(fanzine)" title="Charlton Bullseye (fanzine)">Charlton Bullseye</a></i> #1–2, 4–5 (1975–1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Army_of_Darkness_(comics)#Darkman_vs._Army_of_Darkness_(#1-4)" title="Army of Darkness (comics)">Dark Man vs. Army of Darkness</a></i> #1–4 (2006–2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rog-2000" title="Rog-2000">The Complete Rog 2000</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/CPL_Gang#CPL" title="CPL Gang">Contemporary Pictorial Literature</a></i> #9/10 (double issue), 11–12 (1974–1975)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Don_Rosa" title="Don Rosa">Don Rosa's Comics and Stories</a></i> #1 (introduction) (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fantaco_Enterprises" class="mw-redirect" title="Fantaco Enterprises">Fantaco Chronicles</a></i> #5 (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fantomen" class="mw-redirect" title="Fantomen">Fantomen</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Egmont_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Egmont Publishing">Egmont</a>) #13/2004 (#1334)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Heroes,_Inc._Presents_Cannon" title="Heroes, Inc. Presents Cannon">Heroes, Inc.</a></i> #2 (1976)</li> <li><i>Heroes Union</i> #1 (2021)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Omaha_the_Cat_Dancer#Cultural_impact" class="mw-redirect" title="Omaha the Cat Dancer">Images of Omaha</a></i> #2 (1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Magnus_Robot_Fighter" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnus Robot Fighter">Magnus Robot Fighter</a></i> #15–17 (1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Monster_in_My_Pocket" title="Monster in My Pocket">Monster in My Pocket</a></i> #1 (plot) (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prince_Valiant_(Fantagraphics)" title="Prince Valiant (Fantagraphics)">Prince Valiant</a> Vol.14: 1963–1964</i> (introduction) (2016)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Star_Hawks" title="Star Hawks">Star Hawks</a></i> comic strip (writing assistance) (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stray_Bullets_(comics)" title="Stray Bullets (comics)">Stray Bullets</a></i> #2 (text piece) (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Spirit_(comics_character)" title="Spirit (comics character)">The Spirit</a></i> #30 (1981)</li> <li><i>Superman & Batman Magazine</i> #3, 8 (1994–1995)</li> <li><i>The Uncanny <a href="/wiki/Dave_Cockrum" title="Dave Cockrum">Dave Cockrum</a>... A Tribute</i> (2004)</li> <li><i>Writer's Block 2003</i></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_Stern&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-CBA12-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CBA12_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBA12_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCooke2001" class="citation web cs1">Cooke, Jon B. (March 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://twomorrows.com/comicbookartist/articles/12stern.html">"Rog-2001: Sterno Speaks! Writer Roger Stern on the CPL/Gang-Charlton Connection"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Comic_Book_Artist" title="Comic Book Artist">Comic Book Artist</a></i>. Raleigh, North Carolina: <a href="/wiki/TwoMorrows_Publishing" title="TwoMorrows Publishing">TwoMorrows Publishing</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120309145846/http://twomorrows.com/comicbookartist/articles/12stern.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 9, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 25,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Comic+Book+Artist&rft.atitle=Rog-2001%3A+Sterno+Speaks%21+Writer+Roger+Stern+on+the+CPL%2FGang-Charlton+Connection&rft.date=2001-03&rft.aulast=Cooke&rft.aufirst=Jon+B.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftwomorrows.com%2Fcomicbookartist%2Farticles%2F12stern.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+Stern" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jazma-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Jazma_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jazma_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jazma_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jazma_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVasseur2006" class="citation web cs1">Vasseur, Richard (May 30, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jazmaonline.com/interviews/interviews2.asp?intID=334">"Bob Layton Legendary Comic Book Writer and Artist"</a>. Jazma Online. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080408182344/http://www.jazmaonline.com/interviews/interviews2.asp?intID=334">Archived</a> from the original on April 8, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 25,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bob+Layton+Legendary+Comic+Book+Writer+and+Artist&rft.pub=Jazma+Online&rft.date=2006-05-30&rft.aulast=Vasseur&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jazmaonline.com%2Finterviews%2Finterviews2.asp%3FintID%3D334&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+Stern" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.comics.org/search.lasso/?sort=chrono&query=Roger+Stern&type=editor">Roger Stern (editor)</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Comics_Database" title="Grand Comics Database">Grand Comics Database</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVaughn2009" class="citation journal cs1">Vaughn, J. C. (June 2009). "Jim Shooter's First Day at Marvel Comics". <i><a href="/wiki/Back_Issue!" title="Back Issue!">Back Issue!</a></i> (34). Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing: 19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Back+Issue%21&rft.atitle=Jim+Shooter%27s+First+Day+at+Marvel+Comics&rft.issue=34&rft.pages=19&rft.date=2009-06&rft.aulast=Vaughn&rft.aufirst=J.+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+Stern" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFButtery2013" class="citation journal cs1">Buttery, Jarrod (July 2013). "Explore the Marvel Universe of the 31st Century With...The Guardians of the Galaxy". <i>Back Issue!</i> (65). Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing: 26–27.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Back+Issue%21&rft.atitle=Explore+the+Marvel+Universe+of+the+31st+Century+With...The+Guardians+of+the+Galaxy&rft.issue=65&rft.pages=26-27&rft.date=2013-07&rft.aulast=Buttery&rft.aufirst=Jarrod&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+Stern" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeFalcoGilbert2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Tom_DeFalco" title="Tom DeFalco">DeFalco, Tom</a>; Gilbert, Laura, ed. (2008). "1980s". <i>Marvel Chronicle A Year by Year History</i>. London, United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Dorling_Kindersley" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorling Kindersley">Dorling Kindersley</a>. p. 198. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0756641238" title="Special:BookSources/978-0756641238"><bdi>978-0756641238</bdi></a>. <q>The National Populist Party asked Captain America to run for President of the United States in this issue by writer Roger Stern and artist John Byrne</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=1980s&rft.btitle=Marvel+Chronicle+A+Year+by+Year+History&rft.place=London%2C+United+Kingdom&rft.pages=198&rft.pub=Dorling+Kindersley&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0756641238&rft.aulast=DeFalco&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft.au=Gilbert%2C+Laura%2C+ed.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+Stern" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|first2=</code> has generic name (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cronin-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cronin_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCronin2010" class="citation web cs1">Cronin, Brian (May 10, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://goodcomics.comicbookresources.com/2010/05/22/the-greatest-roger-stern-stories-ever-told/">"The Greatest Roger Stern Stories Ever Told!"</a>. Comic Book Resources. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111026034402/http://goodcomics.comicbookresources.com/2010/05/22/the-greatest-roger-stern-stories-ever-told/">Archived</a> from the original on October 26, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 20,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Greatest+Roger+Stern+Stories+Ever+Told%21&rft.pub=Comic+Book+Resources&rft.date=2010-05-10&rft.aulast=Cronin&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgoodcomics.comicbookresources.com%2F2010%2F05%2F22%2Fthe-greatest-roger-stern-stories-ever-told%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+Stern" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrady2002" class="citation web cs1">Brady, Matt (November 28, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090125131416/http://forum.newsarama.com/showthread.php?t=1046">"Looking Back:Stern & Byrne's Captain America"</a>. Newsarama. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forum.newsarama.com/showthread.php?t=1046">the original</a> on January 25, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 20,</span> 2012</span>. <q>The story, according to Stern, actually began a year previous, when Roger McKenzie and Don Perlin were the creative team on Captain America, and Stern was an editor at Marvel. McKenzie and Perlin wanted Cap to run for office and win, setting up four years' worth of stories in and around Washington, D.C. and the duties of the president. While it could've made for a great pop-culture civics lesson, Stern 86'd the idea.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Looking+Back%3AStern+%26+Byrne%27s+Captain+America&rft.pub=Newsarama&rft.date=2002-11-28&rft.aulast=Brady&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fforum.newsarama.com%2Fshowthread.php%3Ft%3D1046&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+Stern" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKhoury" class="citation web cs1">Khoury, George. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.marvelmasterworks.com/features/int_stern_1006_2.html">"The Roger Stern Interview: The Triumphs and Trials of the Writer"</a>. Marvel Masterworks Resource Page. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120309110856/http://www.marvelmasterworks.com/features/int_stern_1006_2.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 9, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 20,</span> 2012</span>. <q>I made sure that 1) Roger McK. and Don knew about it, and 2) they were credited with the idea on the letters page.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Roger+Stern+Interview%3A+The+Triumphs+and+Trials+of+the+Writer&rft.pub=Marvel+Masterworks+Resource+Page&rft.aulast=Khoury&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.marvelmasterworks.com%2Ffeatures%2Fint_stern_1006_2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+Stern" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.marvelessentials.com/features/int_stern_1006_2.html">"Interview With Roger Stern, October 2006"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Interview+With+Roger+Stern%2C+October+2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.marvelessentials.com%2Ffeatures%2Fint_stern_1006_2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+Stern" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManningGilbert2012" class="citation book cs1">Manning, Matthew K.; Gilbert, Laura, ed. (2012). "1980s". <i>Spider-Man Chronicle Celebrating 50 Years of Web-Slinging</i>. London, United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Dorling_Kindersley" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorling Kindersley">Dorling Kindersley</a>. p. 114. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0756692360" title="Special:BookSources/978-0756692360"><bdi>978-0756692360</bdi></a>. <q>Writer Roger Stern would begin his long tenure as a Spider-scribe with an impressive run on Peter Parker, The Spectacular Spider-Man, beginning with this issue illustrated by Mike Zeck.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=1980s&rft.btitle=Spider-Man+Chronicle+Celebrating+50+Years+of+Web-Slinging&rft.place=London%2C+United+Kingdom&rft.pages=114&rft.pub=Dorling+Kindersley&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0756692360&rft.aulast=Manning&rft.aufirst=Matthew+K.&rft.au=Gilbert%2C+Laura%2C+ed.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+Stern" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|first2=</code> has generic name (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Manning "1980s" in Gilbert (2012), p. 126: "Writer Roger Stern moved from the helm of <i>Peter Parker, The Spectacular Spider-Man</i> to sit behind the wheel as the new regular writer of <i>The Amazing Spider-Man</i> with this issue."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GCD-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GCD_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GCD_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GCD_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GCD_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GCD_13-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GCD_13-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.comics.org/search.lasso/?sort=chrono&query=Roger+Stern&type=writer">Roger Stern</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Comics_Database" title="Grand Comics Database">Grand Comics Database</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">DeFalco "1980s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 209: "Created by writer Roger Stern and artist John Romita, Jr., this new Captain Marvel soon went to New York to ask the Avengers to teach her how to control her new abilities."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vault68-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Vault68_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Vault68_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavidGreenberger2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_David" title="Peter David">David, Peter</a>; <a href="/wiki/Robert_Greenberger" title="Robert Greenberger">Greenberger, Robert</a> (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sinatrahollywood0000knig/page/68"><i>The Spider-Man Vault: A Museum-in-a-Book with Rare Collectibles Spun from Marvel's Web</i></a>. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: <a href="/wiki/Running_Press" title="Running Press">Running Press</a>. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sinatrahollywood0000knig/page/68">68–69</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0762437726" title="Special:BookSources/978-0762437726"><bdi>978-0762437726</bdi></a>. <q>Writer Roger Stern is primarily remembered for two major contributions to the world of Peter Parker. One was a short piece entitled 'The Kid Who Collects Spider-Man'...[his] other major contribution was the introduction of the Hobgoblin.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Spider-Man+Vault%3A+A+Museum-in-a-Book+with+Rare+Collectibles+Spun+from+Marvel%27s+Web&rft.place=Philadelphia%2C+Pennsylvania&rft.pages=68-69&rft.pub=Running+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0762437726&rft.aulast=David&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.au=Greenberger%2C+Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsinatrahollywood0000knig%2Fpage%2F68&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+Stern" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Manning "1980s" in Gilbert (2012), p. 133: "Writer Roger Stern and artists John Romita, Jr. and John Romita, Sr. introduced a new - and frighteningly sane - version of the [Green Goblin] concept with the debut of the Hobgoblin."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cronin "Stern and guest-artist Ron Frenz tell the heartfelt tale of a little boy who might be Spider-Man's biggest fan. Spidey visits the boy and has a nice talk with him (and naturally, there is a twist to the tale)."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreenberg2009" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Greenberg" title="Glenn Greenberg">Greenberg, Glenn</a> (August 2009). "When Hobby Met Spidey". <i>Back Issue!</i> (35). Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing: 13.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Back+Issue%21&rft.atitle=When+Hobby+Met+Spidey&rft.issue=35&rft.pages=13&rft.date=2009-08&rft.aulast=Greenberg&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+Stern" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gruenwald, Mark. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040516190215/http://www.geocities.com/mh_prime/8802.html">"Mark's Remarks," <i>Avengers</i> #288 (March 1988).</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManningDolan2010" class="citation book cs1">Manning, Matthew K.; Dolan, Hannah, ed. (2010). "1990s". <i>DC Comics Year By Year A Visual Chronicle</i>. London, United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Dorling_Kindersley" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorling Kindersley">Dorling Kindersley</a>. p. 253. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7566-6742-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7566-6742-9"><bdi>978-0-7566-6742-9</bdi></a>. <q>In this seven-part adventure...writers Dan Jurgens, Jerry Ordway, Roger Stern, and Louise Simonson, with artists Brett Breeding, Tom Grummett, Jon Bogdanove, and Bob McLeod assembled many of DC's favorite characters to defend the world.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=1990s&rft.btitle=DC+Comics+Year+By+Year+A+Visual+Chronicle&rft.place=London%2C+United+Kingdom&rft.pages=253&rft.pub=Dorling+Kindersley&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-7566-6742-9&rft.aulast=Manning&rft.aufirst=Matthew+K.&rft.au=Dolan%2C+Hannah%2C+ed.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+Stern" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|first2=</code> has generic name (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dc-ency-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dc-ency_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWallace2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dan_Wallace_(comics)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dan Wallace (comics) (page does not exist)">Wallace, Dan</a> (2008). "Eradicator". In Dougall, Alastair (ed.). <i>The DC Comics Encyclopedia</i>. London, United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. p. 116. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7566-4119-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7566-4119-1"><bdi>978-0-7566-4119-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Eradicator&rft.btitle=The+DC+Comics+Encyclopedia&rft.place=London%2C+United+Kingdom&rft.pages=116&rft.pub=Dorling+Kindersley&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-7566-4119-1&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=Dan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+Stern" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-actionannual2-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-actionannual2_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stern, Roger, <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Ordway" title="Jerry Ordway">Jerry Ordway</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_P%C3%A9rez" title="George Pérez">George Pérez</a> (<a href="/wiki/Script_(comics)" title="Script (comics)">w</a>), <a href="/wiki/Curt_Swan" title="Curt Swan">Swan, Curt</a>, Jerry Ordway, George Pérez (<a href="/wiki/Penciller" title="Penciller">p</a>), Breeding, Brett; <a href="/wiki/John_Statema" title="John Statema">Statema, John</a> (<a href="/wiki/Inker" title="Inker">i</a>). "Memories of Krypton's Past" <i><a href="/wiki/Action_Comics" title="Action Comics">Action Comics Annual</a></i>, no. 2 (May 1989). DC Comics.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Manning "1990s" in Dolan, p. 259: "The issue also featured four teaser comics that introduced a group of contenders all vying for the Superman name...The Eradicator returned in a preview tale by writer Roger Stern and artist Jackson Guice."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stern, Roger (<a href="/wiki/Script_(comics)" title="Script (comics)">w</a>), <a href="/wiki/Bob_McLeod_(comics)" title="Bob McLeod (comics)">McLeod, Bob</a> (<a href="/wiki/Penciller" title="Penciller">p</a>), McLeod, Bob (<a href="/wiki/Inker" title="Inker">i</a>). "Secrets in the Night" <i>Action Comics</i>, no. 662 (February 1991). DC Comics.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Manning "1990s" in Dolan, p. 249: "With their nuptials looming, Clark thought it was time to reveal his dual identity to the love of his life, in this landmark issue by writer Roger Stern and artist Bob McLeod."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Manning "1990s" in Dolan, p. 271: "Superman gained a new quarterly title to ensure his weekly appearance on comic book store racks in...<i>Superman: The Man of Tomorrow</i> #1, by writer Roger Stern and penciller Tom Grummett."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Manning "1990s" in Dolan, p. 275: " The behind-the-scenes talent on the monumental issue appropriately spanned several generations of the Man of Tomorrow's career. Written by Dan Jurgens, Karl Kesel, David Michelinie, Louise Simonson, and Roger Stern, the one-shot featured the pencils of John Byrne, Gil Kane, Stuart Immonen, Paul Ryan, Jon Bogdanove, Kieron Dwyer, Tom Grummett, Dick Giordano, Jim Mooney, Curt Swan, Nick Cardy, Al Plastino, Barry Kitson, Ron Frenz, and Dan Jurgens."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Manning "1980s" in Dolan, p. 235: "New Starman Will Payton debuted in his own ongoing series in October [1988] by writer Roger Stern and artist Tom Lyle."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cowsill, Alan "1990s" in Gilbert (2012), p. 234: "The mystery of the Hobgoblin's true identity was finally solved in this three-issue miniseries by writer Roger Stern and artist Ron Frenz."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cowsill "1990s" in Gilbert (2012), p. 242</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cowsill "2010s" in Gilbert (2012), p. 329</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbr.com/roger-stern-ron-lim-avengers-loki-unleashed-one-shot/">"Roger Stern Returns to Avengers for Loki Unleashed One-Shot"</a>. <i>CBR</i>. June 12, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 21,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBR&rft.atitle=Roger+Stern+Returns+to+Avengers+for+Loki+Unleashed+One-Shot&rft.date=2019-06-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbr.com%2Froger-stern-ron-lim-avengers-loki-unleashed-one-shot%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+Stern" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sitcomics.net/">"It's TV You Read!"</a>. <i>Sitcomics</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 24,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sitcomics&rft.atitle=It%27s+TV+You+Read%21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsitcomics.net%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoger+Stern" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Shooter, Jim. "Bullpen Bulletins," Marvel Comics cover-dated December 1982.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_Stern&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/2018010101/http://comicbookdb.com/creator.php?ID=500">Roger Stern</a> at the Comic Book DB (archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://comicbookdb.com/creator.php?ID=500">the original</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mikesamazingworld.com/mikes/features/creator.php?creatorid=1351">Roger Stern</a> at Mike's Amazing World of DC Comics</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maelmill-insi.de/UHBMCC/nams50.htm#N71">Roger Stern</a> at the Unofficial Handbook of Marvel Comics Creators</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scifichick.com/2009/06/03/roger-stern-interview/">Interview with Roger Stern on ScifiChick.com</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/41px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/55px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography portal</a></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Len_Wein" title="Len Wein">Len Wein</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Incredible_Hulk_(comic_book)" title="The Incredible Hulk (comic book)">The Incredible Hulk</a></i> writer </b><br />1978–1980 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Grant" title="Steven Grant">Steven Grant</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Roger_McKenzie_(comics)" title="Roger McKenzie (comics)">Roger McKenzie</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <i><a href="/wiki/Captain_America_(comic_book)" title="Captain America (comic book)">Captain America</a></i> writer </b><br />1980–1981<br />(with John Byrne in early 1980) </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/J._M._DeMatteis" title="J. M. DeMatteis">J. M. DeMatteis</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Dennis_O%27Neil" title="Dennis O'Neil">Dennis O'Neil</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Amazing_Spider-Man" title="The Amazing Spider-Man">The Amazing Spider-Man</a></i> writer </b><br />1982–1984 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Tom_DeFalco" title="Tom DeFalco">Tom DeFalco</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Steven Grant</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Avengers_(comic_book)" title="The Avengers (comic book)">The Avengers</a></i> writer </b><br />1983–1987 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Macchio_(editor)" title="Ralph Macchio (editor)">Ralph Macchio</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Byrne_(comics)" title="John Byrne (comics)">John Byrne</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <i><a href="/wiki/Fantastic_Four_(comic_book)" title="Fantastic Four (comic book)">Fantastic Four</a></i> writer </b><br />1986–1987 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Steve_Englehart" title="Steve Englehart">Steve Englehart</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">John Byrne</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <i><a href="/wiki/Superman_(comic_book)" title="Superman (comic book)">Superman</a></i> writer </b><br />1988–1989 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Ordway" title="Jerry Ordway">Jerry Ordway</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">John Byrne</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <i><a href="/wiki/Action_Comics" title="Action Comics">Action Comics</a></i> writer </b><br />1988–1994 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/David_Michelinie" title="David Michelinie">David Michelinie</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Tom McCraw and<br /><a href="/wiki/Tom_Peyer" title="Tom Peyer">Tom Peyer</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <i><a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Super-Heroes_(1994_team)" title="Legion of Super-Heroes (1994 team)">Legionnaires</a></i> writer </b><br />1996–1999 <br />With: <b> Tom McCraw </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Dan_Abnett" title="Dan Abnett">Dan Abnett</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Andy_Lanning" title="Andy Lanning">Andy Lanning</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Busiek" title="Kurt Busiek">Kurt Busiek</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <i><a href="/wiki/Iron_Man" title="Iron Man">Iron Man</a></i> writer </b><br />1998–2000<br />(with Kurt Busiek) </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Quesada" title="Joe Quesada">Joe Quesada</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> 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style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q721268#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q721268#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000108017876">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/73977175">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJkdqkcvCJDhRty69vCCwC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1036573052">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81054659">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb127184226">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb127184226">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0195747&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX955172">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/1511140">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069084513">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810685710605606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007325895805171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/446143d7-894d-4965-9642-0515f4c0c46b">MusicBrainz</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/1036573052">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/112693490">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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